See cynʾl on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "صِنَار",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Arabic: صِنَار (ṣinār), صِنَّار (ṣinnār), جِنَار (jinār), جُنَّار (junnār)\n→ Ottoman Turkish: صنار (sınar) (rare)\n→ Persian: صنار (senâr) (rare)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Arabic: صِنَار (ṣinār), صِنَّار (ṣinnār), جِنَار (jinār), جُنَّار (junnār)\n→ Ottoman Turkish: صنار (sınar) (rare)\n→ Persian: صنار (senâr) (rare)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "چنار",
"3": "چنال",
"tr": "čenâr, čenâr",
"tr2": "čenâl"
},
"expansion": "Persian: چنار (čenâr, čenâr), چنال (čenâl)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Persian: چنار (čenâr, čenâr), چنال (čenâl)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tg",
"2": "чинор"
},
"expansion": "Tajik: чинор (činor)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tajik: чинор (činor)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "chinor",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Uzbek: chinor",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Uzbek: chinor"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "av",
"2": "чинари",
"alt": "чина́ри",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Avar: чина́ри (činári)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Avar: чина́ри (činári)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chenar",
"3": "chinar",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: chenar, chinar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: chenar, chinar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "borrowed",
"2": "→"
},
"expansion": "→",
"name": "tooltip"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "→",
"name": "→"
}
],
"text": "→ Hindustani:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hindi: चिनार (cinār)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Urdu: چنار (čanār, činār)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ka",
"2": "ჩინარი",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Georgian: ჩინარი (činari)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Georgian: ჩინარი (činari)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "→ Kurdish:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "çînar"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: çînar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: çînar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lez",
"2": "чинар",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Lezgi: чинар (činar)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Lezgi: чинар (činar)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "axm",
"2": "չինար",
"3": "չինարի",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Armenian: չինար (čʻinar), չինարի (čʻinari)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Armenian: չինար (čʻinar), չինարի (čʻinari)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "չինար",
"3": "չինարի"
},
"expansion": "Armenian: չինար (čʻinar), չինարի (čʻinari)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "in some dialects via Turkic"
},
"expansion": "(in some dialects via Turkic)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "Armenian: չինար (čʻinar), չինարի (čʻinari) (in some dialects via Turkic)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly",
"2": "чинар",
"3": "чинор",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Talysh: чинар, чинор",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Talysh: чинар, чинор"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "→ Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "çinar"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: çinar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: çinar"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "шынар"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: шынар (şynar)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: шынар (şynar)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kyrgyz: чынар (çynar)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "چنار",
"tr": "çinâr, çenâr, çınâr"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: چنار (çinâr, çenâr, çınâr), صنار (sınar) — from Arabic\nTurkish: çınar\n→ Albanian: çinar\n→ Armenian: չընար (čʻənar)\n→ Bulgarian: чина́р (činár)\n→ Greek: τσινάρι (tsinári)\n→ Macedonian: чинар (činar)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: چنار (çinâr, çenâr, çınâr), صنار (sınar) — from Arabic\nTurkish: çınar\n→ Albanian: çinar\n→ Armenian: չընար (čʻənar)\n→ Bulgarian: чина́р (činár)\n→ Greek: τσινάρι (tsinári)\n→ Macedonian: чинар (činar)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "чинар"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: чинар (çinar)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: чинар (çinar)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "çynar"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: çynar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: çynar"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "чынара",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Belarusian: чынара (čynara)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Belarusian: чынара (čynara)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "чина́р",
"3": "чина́ра",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: чина́р (činár), чина́ра (činára)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: чина́р (činár), чина́ра (činára), (obsolete) чинарь (činarʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "чина́р",
"3": "чина́ра",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ukrainian: чина́р (čynár), чина́ра (čynára)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ukrainian: чина́р (čynár), чина́ра (čynára)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "borrowed",
"2": "→"
},
"expansion": "→",
"name": "tooltip"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "→",
"name": "→"
}
],
"text": "→ Punjabi:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "ਚਿਨਾਰ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Gurmukhi script: ਚਿਨਾਰ (cinār)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gurmukhi script: ਚਿਨਾਰ (cinār)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "چنار",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "cinār"
},
"expansion": "Shahmukhi script: چنار (cinār)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shahmukhi script: چنار (cinār)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "udi",
"2": "чинар",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Udi: чинар (činar)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Udi: чинар (činar)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰer-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰer-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "axm",
"2": "ճանդարի",
"t": "plane tree"
},
"expansion": "Middle Armenian ճանդարի (čandari, “plane tree”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dóru"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dóru",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "",
"3": "*čan(a)dār-"
},
"expansion": "Parthian *čan(a)dār-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "",
"3": "*čanayār"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian *čanayār",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "According to Eilers, perhaps from *ča/inā-βara- (“favour-bringing, favorable”). For the constituents see *čan- and Proto-Indo-European *bʰer-.\nOn the other hand, in view of Middle Armenian ճանդարի (čandari, “plane tree”), Martirosyan prefers to posit *čana(h)-dāra- (literally “auspicious tree”), with the same first component but with *dāra- (“tree”) (from Proto-Indo-European *dóru), which yielded Parthian *čan(a)dār- (through early syncope) on the one hand (and hence the Armenian borrowing), and Middle Persian *čanayār (intervocalic -d- → -y-) → *čanyār (syncope) → *čēnyār (y-epenthesis) → cynʾl (čē/inār) on the other.\nThe implication is that the plane is thought to be an auspicious tree, in a manner associated with spirits. A reason for this could be the fact that the leaves of this tree tremble in the slightest wind.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "noun",
"tr": "činār"
},
"expansion": "cynʾl • (činār)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Persian",
"lang_code": "pal",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Persian entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Parthian terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "pal",
"name": "Trees",
"orig": "pal:Trees",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"oriental plane tree"
],
"id": "en-cynʾl-pal-noun-LqVykI2W",
"links": [
[
"oriental plane",
"oriental plane"
]
]
}
],
"word": "cynʾl"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "صِنَار",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Arabic: صِنَار (ṣinār), صِنَّار (ṣinnār), جِنَار (jinār), جُنَّار (junnār)\n→ Ottoman Turkish: صنار (sınar) (rare)\n→ Persian: صنار (senâr) (rare)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Arabic: صِنَار (ṣinār), صِنَّار (ṣinnār), جِنَار (jinār), جُنَّار (junnār)\n→ Ottoman Turkish: صنار (sınar) (rare)\n→ Persian: صنار (senâr) (rare)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "چنار",
"3": "چنال",
"tr": "čenâr, čenâr",
"tr2": "čenâl"
},
"expansion": "Persian: چنار (čenâr, čenâr), چنال (čenâl)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Persian: چنار (čenâr, čenâr), چنال (čenâl)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tg",
"2": "чинор"
},
"expansion": "Tajik: чинор (činor)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tajik: чинор (činor)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "chinor",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Uzbek: chinor",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Uzbek: chinor"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "av",
"2": "чинари",
"alt": "чина́ри",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Avar: чина́ри (činári)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Avar: чина́ри (činári)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "chenar",
"3": "chinar",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: chenar, chinar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: chenar, chinar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "borrowed",
"2": "→"
},
"expansion": "→",
"name": "tooltip"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "→",
"name": "→"
}
],
"text": "→ Hindustani:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hindi: चिनार (cinār)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Urdu: چنار (čanār, činār)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ka",
"2": "ჩინარი",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Georgian: ჩინარი (činari)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Georgian: ჩინარი (činari)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "→ Kurdish:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "çînar"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: çînar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: çînar"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lez",
"2": "чинар",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Lezgi: чинар (činar)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Lezgi: чинар (činar)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "axm",
"2": "չինար",
"3": "չինարի",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle Armenian: չինար (čʻinar), չինարի (čʻinari)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle Armenian: չինար (čʻinar), չինարի (čʻinari)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "չինար",
"3": "չինարի"
},
"expansion": "Armenian: չինար (čʻinar), չինարի (čʻinari)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "in some dialects via Turkic"
},
"expansion": "(in some dialects via Turkic)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "Armenian: չինար (čʻinar), չինարի (čʻinari) (in some dialects via Turkic)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly",
"2": "чинар",
"3": "чинор",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Talysh: чинар, чинор",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Talysh: чинар, чинор"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "→ Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "çinar"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: çinar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: çinar"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "шынар"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: шынар (şynar)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: шынар (şynar)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kyrgyz: чынар (çynar)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "چنار",
"tr": "çinâr, çenâr, çınâr"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: چنار (çinâr, çenâr, çınâr), صنار (sınar) — from Arabic\nTurkish: çınar\n→ Albanian: çinar\n→ Armenian: չընար (čʻənar)\n→ Bulgarian: чина́р (činár)\n→ Greek: τσινάρι (tsinári)\n→ Macedonian: чинар (činar)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: چنار (çinâr, çenâr, çınâr), صنار (sınar) — from Arabic\nTurkish: çınar\n→ Albanian: çinar\n→ Armenian: չընար (čʻənar)\n→ Bulgarian: чина́р (činár)\n→ Greek: τσινάρι (tsinári)\n→ Macedonian: чинар (činar)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": "чинар"
},
"expansion": "Tatar: чинар (çinar)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar: чинар (çinar)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "çynar"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: çynar",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: çynar"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "чынара",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Belarusian: чынара (čynara)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Belarusian: чынара (čynara)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "чина́р",
"3": "чина́ра",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: чина́р (činár), чина́ра (činára)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "qualifier"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: чина́р (činár), чина́ра (činára), (obsolete) чинарь (činarʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "чина́р",
"3": "чина́ра",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ukrainian: чина́р (čynár), чина́ра (čynára)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ukrainian: чина́р (čynár), чина́ра (čynára)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "borrowed",
"2": "→"
},
"expansion": "→",
"name": "tooltip"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "→",
"name": "→"
}
],
"text": "→ Punjabi:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "ਚਿਨਾਰ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Gurmukhi script: ਚਿਨਾਰ (cinār)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gurmukhi script: ਚਿਨਾਰ (cinār)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pa",
"2": "چنار",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "cinār"
},
"expansion": "Shahmukhi script: چنار (cinār)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shahmukhi script: چنار (cinār)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "udi",
"2": "чинар",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Udi: чинар (činar)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Udi: чинар (činar)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰer-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰer-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "axm",
"2": "ճանդարի",
"t": "plane tree"
},
"expansion": "Middle Armenian ճանդարի (čandari, “plane tree”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dóru"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dóru",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "",
"3": "*čan(a)dār-"
},
"expansion": "Parthian *čan(a)dār-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "",
"3": "*čanayār"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian *čanayār",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "According to Eilers, perhaps from *ča/inā-βara- (“favour-bringing, favorable”). For the constituents see *čan- and Proto-Indo-European *bʰer-.\nOn the other hand, in view of Middle Armenian ճանդարի (čandari, “plane tree”), Martirosyan prefers to posit *čana(h)-dāra- (literally “auspicious tree”), with the same first component but with *dāra- (“tree”) (from Proto-Indo-European *dóru), which yielded Parthian *čan(a)dār- (through early syncope) on the one hand (and hence the Armenian borrowing), and Middle Persian *čanayār (intervocalic -d- → -y-) → *čanyār (syncope) → *čēnyār (y-epenthesis) → cynʾl (čē/inār) on the other.\nThe implication is that the plane is thought to be an auspicious tree, in a manner associated with spirits. A reason for this could be the fact that the leaves of this tree tremble in the slightest wind.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "noun",
"tr": "činār"
},
"expansion": "cynʾl • (činār)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Persian",
"lang_code": "pal",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Persian entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle Persian lemmas",
"Middle Persian nouns",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Parthian terms in nonstandard scripts",
"pal:Trees"
],
"glosses": [
"oriental plane tree"
],
"links": [
[
"oriental plane",
"oriental plane"
]
]
}
],
"word": "cynʾl"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cynʾl meaning in All languages combined (8.5kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: činār",
"path": [
"cynʾl"
],
"section": "Middle Persian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "cynʾl",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-20 using wiktextract (8e41825 and f99c758). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.