See cwā́ on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬥",
"alt": "𐬯𐬞𐬁"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬯𐬞𐬁 (spā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬯𐬞𐬁 (spā)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northeastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"tr": "śve"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese: [script needed] (śve)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khotanese: [script needed] (śve)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southeastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "سپی",
"3": "سپۍ",
"g": "m",
"g2": "f",
"tr": "spay",
"tr2": "spëy"
},
"expansion": "Pashto: سپی m (spay), سپۍ f (spëy)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pashto: سپی m (spay), سپۍ f (spëy)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kurdish:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "sipe"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: sipe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: sipe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "سپە"
},
"expansion": "Central Kurdish: سپە (spe)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Kurdish: سپە (spe)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-mpr-pro",
"alt": "*spā́kəh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Medo-Parthian: *spā́kəh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Medo-Parthian: *spā́kəh"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Caspian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "glk",
"2": "اسپه",
"3": "سک",
"tr": "əspə",
"tr2": "sək"
},
"expansion": "Gilaki: اسپه (əspə), سک (sək)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gilaki: اسپه (əspə), سک (sək)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mzn",
"2": "سک",
"tr": "sak"
},
"expansion": "Mazanderani: سک (sak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mazanderani: سک (sak)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-old",
"2": "σπάκα",
"tr": "spā́kəʰ"
},
"expansion": "Old Median: σπάκα (spā́kəʰ)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Median: σπάκα (spā́kəʰ) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐫙𐫘𐫛𐫃",
"ts": "ispag"
},
"expansion": "Parthian: 𐫙𐫘𐫛𐫃 (ʿspg /ispag/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Parthian: 𐫙𐫘𐫛𐫃 (ʿspg /ispag/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "اسبه",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "esba"
},
"expansion": "→ Persian: اسبه (esba)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Persian: اسبه (esba)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-zgr-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Zaza-Gorani:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Zaza-Gorani:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hac",
"2": "سپە",
"tr": "sipa"
},
"expansion": "Gurani: سپە (sipa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gurani: سپە (sipa)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "espe",
"tr": "aspa"
},
"expansion": "Zazaki: espe (aspa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Zazaki: espe (aspa)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*sobàka",
"bor": "1",
"t": "dog"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Slavic: *sobàka (“dog”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "< *sabā́ka-"
},
"expansion": "(< *sabā́ka-)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Slavic: *sobàka (“dog”) (< *sabā́ka-)(see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "*sakah"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian: *sakah",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Persian: *sakah"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "-",
"ts": "sak, sag"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: (/sak, sag/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: (/sak, sag/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "se",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Northern Kurdish: se",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Northern Kurdish: se"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*ćwā́"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćwā́",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱwṓ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćwā́, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*cwā́",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Iranian",
"lang_code": "ira-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/cwā́",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Gurani terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Persian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dog"
],
"id": "en-cwā́-ira-pro-noun-zWNX792W",
"links": [
[
"dog",
"dog"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*kútah"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "cwā́"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬯𐬞𐬀𐬥",
"alt": "𐬯𐬞𐬁"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬯𐬞𐬁 (spā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬯𐬞𐬁 (spā)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northeastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"tr": "śve"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese: [script needed] (śve)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khotanese: [script needed] (śve)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southeastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "سپی",
"3": "سپۍ",
"g": "m",
"g2": "f",
"tr": "spay",
"tr2": "spëy"
},
"expansion": "Pashto: سپی m (spay), سپۍ f (spëy)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pashto: سپی m (spay), سپۍ f (spëy)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kurdish:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "sipe"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: sipe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: sipe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "سپە"
},
"expansion": "Central Kurdish: سپە (spe)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Kurdish: سپە (spe)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-mpr-pro",
"alt": "*spā́kəh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Medo-Parthian: *spā́kəh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Medo-Parthian: *spā́kəh"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Caspian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "glk",
"2": "اسپه",
"3": "سک",
"tr": "əspə",
"tr2": "sək"
},
"expansion": "Gilaki: اسپه (əspə), سک (sək)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gilaki: اسپه (əspə), سک (sək)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mzn",
"2": "سک",
"tr": "sak"
},
"expansion": "Mazanderani: سک (sak)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mazanderani: سک (sak)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-old",
"2": "σπάκα",
"tr": "spā́kəʰ"
},
"expansion": "Old Median: σπάκα (spā́kəʰ)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Median: σπάκα (spā́kəʰ) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐫙𐫘𐫛𐫃",
"ts": "ispag"
},
"expansion": "Parthian: 𐫙𐫘𐫛𐫃 (ʿspg /ispag/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Parthian: 𐫙𐫘𐫛𐫃 (ʿspg /ispag/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "اسبه",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "esba"
},
"expansion": "→ Persian: اسبه (esba)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Persian: اسبه (esba)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-zgr-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Zaza-Gorani:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Zaza-Gorani:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hac",
"2": "سپە",
"tr": "sipa"
},
"expansion": "Gurani: سپە (sipa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gurani: سپە (sipa)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "espe",
"tr": "aspa"
},
"expansion": "Zazaki: espe (aspa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Zazaki: espe (aspa)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*sobàka",
"bor": "1",
"t": "dog"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Slavic: *sobàka (“dog”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "< *sabā́ka-"
},
"expansion": "(< *sabā́ka-)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Slavic: *sobàka (“dog”) (< *sabā́ka-)(see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "*sakah"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian: *sakah",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Persian: *sakah"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "-",
"ts": "sak, sag"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: (/sak, sag/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: (/sak, sag/)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "se",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Northern Kurdish: se",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Northern Kurdish: se"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*ćwā́"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćwā́",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱwṓ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćwā́, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*cwā́",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Iranian",
"lang_code": "ira-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/cwā́",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Gurani terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Middle Persian term requests",
"Middle Persian terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Iranian lemmas",
"Proto-Iranian nouns",
"Proto-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Proto-Iranian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Iranian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Requests for Book Pahlavi script for Middle Persian terms",
"Requests for Psalter Pahlavi script for Middle Persian terms",
"Requests for native script for Khotanese terms",
"ira-pro:Mammals"
],
"glosses": [
"dog"
],
"links": [
[
"dog",
"dog"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*kútah"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "cwā́"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cwā́ meaning in All languages combined (5.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.