"confounder" meaning in All languages combined

See confounder on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-confounder.wav Forms: confounders [plural]
Etymology: From confound + -er. Etymology templates: {{suffix|en|confound|er|id2=agent noun}} confound + -er Head templates: {{en-noun}} confounder (plural confounders)
  1. A person who confounds.
    Sense id: en-confounder-en-noun-Fsorr6ad
  2. (mathematics) A factor, in data analysis, that causes the effects of two distinct processes to be indistinguishable; a confounding variable. Translations (factor causing two distinct processes): sekoittava tekijä (Finnish), sekoittaja (Finnish), confondeur (French), Störvariable [feminine] (German), Störfaktor [masculine] (German), Drittvariable [feminine] (German), Drittfaktor [masculine] (German)
    Sense id: en-confounder-en-noun-yztwqHGx Categories (other): Mathematics, English entries with incorrect language header, English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun), Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with German translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 10 90 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun): 14 86 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 15 85 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 5 95 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 5 95 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 17 83 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 22 78 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 17 83 Topics: mathematics, sciences Disambiguation of 'factor causing two distinct processes': 4 96
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: deconfound

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "confound",
        "3": "er",
        "id2": "agent noun"
      },
      "expansion": "confound + -er",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From confound + -er.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "confounders",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "confounder (plural confounders)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "deconfound"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A person who confounds."
      ],
      "id": "en-confounder-en-noun-Fsorr6ad",
      "links": [
        [
          "confound",
          "confound"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Mathematics",
          "orig": "en:Mathematics",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "10 90",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 86",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun)",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 85",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 95",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 95",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 83",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 78",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with French translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 83",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with German translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              664,
              675
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2018 April 26, Tobias A Rowland, Steven Marwaha, “Epidemiology and risk factors for bipolar disorder”, in Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology, volume 8, number 9, →DOI, pages 251–269:",
          "text": "There is increasing evidence that cannabis use can act as a risk factor for the development of bipolar as well as psychotic disorders. A recent systematic review by Gibbs and colleagues identified several studies supporting a link between cannabis use and subsequent relapse of manic symptoms. This review also included a meta-analysis of two large prospective cohort studies, which found that cannabis use almost trebled the risk of new-onset subthreshold manic symptoms after adjusting for potential confounding factors. A further large prospective cohort study found cannabis use increased the risk of first episode bipolar by a factor of 5 after adjusting for confounders, and demonstrated evidence of a dose–response relationship.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A factor, in data analysis, that causes the effects of two distinct processes to be indistinguishable; a confounding variable."
      ],
      "id": "en-confounder-en-noun-yztwqHGx",
      "links": [
        [
          "mathematics",
          "mathematics"
        ],
        [
          "data",
          "data"
        ],
        [
          "analysis",
          "analysis"
        ],
        [
          "confounding variable",
          "confounding variable"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(mathematics) A factor, in data analysis, that causes the effects of two distinct processes to be indistinguishable; a confounding variable."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "mathematics",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "4 96",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "factor causing two distinct processes",
          "word": "sekoittava tekijä"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 96",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "factor causing two distinct processes",
          "word": "sekoittaja"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 96",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "factor causing two distinct processes",
          "word": "confondeur"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 96",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "factor causing two distinct processes",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Störvariable"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 96",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "factor causing two distinct processes",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Störfaktor"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 96",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "factor causing two distinct processes",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Drittvariable"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "4 96",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "factor causing two distinct processes",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Drittfaktor"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-confounder.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/97/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-confounder.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-confounder.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/97/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-confounder.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-confounder.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "confounder"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun)",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with German translations"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "confound",
        "3": "er",
        "id2": "agent noun"
      },
      "expansion": "confound + -er",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From confound + -er.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "confounders",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "confounder (plural confounders)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "deconfound"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A person who confounds."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "confound",
          "confound"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "en:Mathematics"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              664,
              675
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "2018 April 26, Tobias A Rowland, Steven Marwaha, “Epidemiology and risk factors for bipolar disorder”, in Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology, volume 8, number 9, →DOI, pages 251–269:",
          "text": "There is increasing evidence that cannabis use can act as a risk factor for the development of bipolar as well as psychotic disorders. A recent systematic review by Gibbs and colleagues identified several studies supporting a link between cannabis use and subsequent relapse of manic symptoms. This review also included a meta-analysis of two large prospective cohort studies, which found that cannabis use almost trebled the risk of new-onset subthreshold manic symptoms after adjusting for potential confounding factors. A further large prospective cohort study found cannabis use increased the risk of first episode bipolar by a factor of 5 after adjusting for confounders, and demonstrated evidence of a dose–response relationship.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A factor, in data analysis, that causes the effects of two distinct processes to be indistinguishable; a confounding variable."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mathematics",
          "mathematics"
        ],
        [
          "data",
          "data"
        ],
        [
          "analysis",
          "analysis"
        ],
        [
          "confounding variable",
          "confounding variable"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(mathematics) A factor, in data analysis, that causes the effects of two distinct processes to be indistinguishable; a confounding variable."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "mathematics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-confounder.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/97/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-confounder.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-confounder.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/97/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-confounder.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-confounder.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "factor causing two distinct processes",
      "word": "sekoittava tekijä"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "factor causing two distinct processes",
      "word": "sekoittaja"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "factor causing two distinct processes",
      "word": "confondeur"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "factor causing two distinct processes",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Störvariable"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "factor causing two distinct processes",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Störfaktor"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "factor causing two distinct processes",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Drittvariable"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "factor causing two distinct processes",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Drittfaktor"
    }
  ],
  "word": "confounder"
}

Download raw JSONL data for confounder meaning in All languages combined (3.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (887c61b and 3d4dee6). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.