See cittern on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cither",
"3": "gittern"
},
"expansion": "Blend of cither + gittern",
"name": "blend"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Blend of cither + gittern.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "citterns",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cittern (plural citterns)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English blends",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hindi translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ido translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "String instruments",
"orig": "en:String instruments",
"parents": [
"Musical instruments",
"Music",
"Tools",
"Art",
"Sound",
"Technology",
"Culture",
"Energy",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cittern-head"
},
{
"word": "citternist"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1661 January 17, Samuel Pepys, Diary of Samuel Pepys: January 1661:",
"text": "This discourse took us much time, till it was time to go to bed; but we being merry, we bade my Lady goodnight, and intended to have gone to the Post-house to drink, and hear a pretty girl play of the cittern (and indeed we should have lain there, but by a mistake we did not), but it was late, and we could not hear her, and the guard came to examine what we were; so we returned to our Inn and to bed, the page and I in one bed, and the two captains in another, all in one chamber, where we had very good mirth with our most abominable lodging.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "1911, Cittern, article in Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition,\nThe cittern consisted of a pear-shaped body similar to that of the lute but with a flat back and sound-board joined by ribs. The neck was provided with a fretted fingerboard; the head was curved and surmounted by a grotesque head of a woman or of an animal."
},
{
"ref": "1911, “Guitar”, in Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition:",
"text": "The advent of the Spanish guitar in England led to the wane in the popularity of the cittern, also known at that time in contradistinction as the English or wire-strung guitar, although the two instruments differed in many particulars.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2000, Musical Instruments Museum, Visitor's Guide, page 93:",
"text": "Antwerp was world-famous for its harpsichords, but it was also a centre, in the 16th century, where citterns, lutes, viols and later violins were constructed with skill.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A stringed instrument (chordophone), played with a plectrum (a pick), and most commonly possessing four wire strings and chromatic frets, which is a precursor to the modern day guitar."
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "ceterone"
}
],
"id": "en-cittern-en-noun-69eEz-Kh",
"links": [
[
"chordophone",
"chordophone"
],
[
"plectrum",
"plectrum"
],
[
"chromatic",
"chromatic"
],
[
"fret",
"fret"
],
[
"guitar",
"guitar"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cither"
},
{
"word": "cithern"
},
{
"word": "cithren"
},
{
"word": "zittern"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "instrument similar to a mandolin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cistre"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "instrument similar to a mandolin",
"word": "sisteri"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "instrument similar to a mandolin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cistre"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kinnar",
"sense": "instrument similar to a mandolin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "किन्नर"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "instrument similar to a mandolin",
"word": "citaro"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "instrument similar to a mandolin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "siotaran"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "cístra",
"sense": "instrument similar to a mandolin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ци́стра"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "kinnara",
"sense": "instrument similar to a mandolin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "किन्नर"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "instrument similar to a mandolin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cistro"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"cittern"
]
}
],
"word": "cittern"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "cittern-head"
},
{
"word": "citternist"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "cither",
"3": "gittern"
},
"expansion": "Blend of cither + gittern",
"name": "blend"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Blend of cither + gittern.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "citterns",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "cittern (plural citterns)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "ceterone"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English blends",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with quotations",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Sanskrit translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"en:String instruments"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1661 January 17, Samuel Pepys, Diary of Samuel Pepys: January 1661:",
"text": "This discourse took us much time, till it was time to go to bed; but we being merry, we bade my Lady goodnight, and intended to have gone to the Post-house to drink, and hear a pretty girl play of the cittern (and indeed we should have lain there, but by a mistake we did not), but it was late, and we could not hear her, and the guard came to examine what we were; so we returned to our Inn and to bed, the page and I in one bed, and the two captains in another, all in one chamber, where we had very good mirth with our most abominable lodging.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "1911, Cittern, article in Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition,\nThe cittern consisted of a pear-shaped body similar to that of the lute but with a flat back and sound-board joined by ribs. The neck was provided with a fretted fingerboard; the head was curved and surmounted by a grotesque head of a woman or of an animal."
},
{
"ref": "1911, “Guitar”, in Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition:",
"text": "The advent of the Spanish guitar in England led to the wane in the popularity of the cittern, also known at that time in contradistinction as the English or wire-strung guitar, although the two instruments differed in many particulars.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2000, Musical Instruments Museum, Visitor's Guide, page 93:",
"text": "Antwerp was world-famous for its harpsichords, but it was also a centre, in the 16th century, where citterns, lutes, viols and later violins were constructed with skill.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A stringed instrument (chordophone), played with a plectrum (a pick), and most commonly possessing four wire strings and chromatic frets, which is a precursor to the modern day guitar."
],
"links": [
[
"chordophone",
"chordophone"
],
[
"plectrum",
"plectrum"
],
[
"chromatic",
"chromatic"
],
[
"fret",
"fret"
],
[
"guitar",
"guitar"
]
],
"wikipedia": [
"cittern"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cither"
},
{
"word": "cithern"
},
{
"word": "cithren"
},
{
"word": "zittern"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "instrument similar to a mandolin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cistre"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "instrument similar to a mandolin",
"word": "sisteri"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "instrument similar to a mandolin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cistre"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "kinnar",
"sense": "instrument similar to a mandolin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "किन्नर"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "instrument similar to a mandolin",
"word": "citaro"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "instrument similar to a mandolin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "siotaran"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "cístra",
"sense": "instrument similar to a mandolin",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ци́стра"
},
{
"code": "sa",
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"roman": "kinnara",
"sense": "instrument similar to a mandolin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "किन्नर"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "instrument similar to a mandolin",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cistro"
}
],
"word": "cittern"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cittern meaning in All languages combined (4.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.