See carHdáh on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "the new year celecbration; Albiruni's books",
"roman": "nawsarδ",
"sense": "Sogdian: *nawēsarδ",
"word": "→ Classical Persian: نوسرذ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "nawasard",
"sense": "Parthian: *nawāgsarδ",
"word": "→ Old Armenian: նաւասարդ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "nwsrdʾ /nawsardā/",
"english": "new year",
"sense": "Parthian: *nawāgsarδ",
"word": "→ Aramaic: [script needed]"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "nawsāl",
"sense": "Classical Persian: نوسال (nawsāl)",
"tags": [
"Dari"
],
"word": "نوسال"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "nowsāl",
"sense": "Classical Persian: نوسال (nawsāl)",
"tags": [
"Iranian-Persian"
],
"word": "نوسال"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "navsol",
"sense": "Classical Persian: نوسال (nawsāl)",
"tags": [
"Tajik"
],
"word": "навсол"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "ʾpsʾrδ /əpsarδ/",
"english": "the new year festival",
"sense": "*upacarHdáh (“spring”)",
"word": "ܐܦܣܐܪܠ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "spring",
"roman": "pserláy",
"sense": "*upacarHdáh (“spring”)",
"word": "پسرلۍ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "spring",
"roman": "fsīdro",
"sense": "*upacarHdáh (“spring”)",
"word": "فسیدرو"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "spring",
"roman": "avasor",
"sense": "*upacarHdáh (“spring”)",
"word": "اوسر"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "usār",
"english": "spring",
"sense": "*upacarHdáh (“spring”)",
"word": "usar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"sense": "Talysh: (/avasōr/, “spring”)",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"character"
],
"word": "əvəsor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"sense": "Talysh: (/avasōr/, “spring”)",
"tags": [
"Arabic",
"character"
],
"word": "اوسور"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "awsard",
"sense": "Parthian: *aβsarδ",
"word": "→ Old Armenian: աւսարդ"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬯𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀",
"t": "year"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬯𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀 (sar^əδa, “year”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬯𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀 (sar^əδa, “year”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northeastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xsc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Scythian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Scythian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "-",
"t": "summer"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian: (“summer”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ossetian: (“summer”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "os-dig",
"2": "сӕрдӕ"
},
"expansion": "Digor Ossetian: сӕрдӕ (særdæ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Digor Ossetian: сӕрдӕ (særdæ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "os-iro",
"2": "сӕрд"
},
"expansion": "Iron Ossetian: сӕрд (særd)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Iron Ossetian: сӕрд (særd)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xsc-skw-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Saka-Wakhi:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Saka-Wakhi:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"tr": "salä"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese: [script needed] (salä)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khotanese: [script needed] (salä)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wbl",
"2": "wəsərd"
},
"expansion": "Wakhi: wəsərd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Wakhi: wəsərd"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sogdo-Bactrian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbc",
"2": "σαρλο"
},
"expansion": "Bactrian: σαρλο (sarlo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bactrian: σαρλο (sarlo)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xco",
"2": "سرذ",
"tr": "srδ",
"ts": "*sarδ"
},
"expansion": "Khwarezmian: سرذ (srδ /*sarδ/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khwarezmian: سرذ (srδ /*sarδ/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "-",
"ts": "sarδ"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian: (/sarδ/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian: (/sarδ/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "𐫘𐫡𐫔",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "srδ"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫘𐫡𐫔 (srδ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫘𐫡𐫔 (srδ), 𐫘𐫡𐫕 (srδδ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "𐼼𐽀𐼹",
"sc": "Sogd",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian script: 𐼼𐽀𐼹 (srδ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian script: 𐼼𐽀𐼹 (srδ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "ܣܪܕ",
"sc": "Syrc",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "srd"
},
"expansion": "Syriac script: ܣܪܕ (srd)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Syriac script: ܣܪܕ (srd), ܫܢܬ (ŠNT)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southeastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "پشېرلی",
"3": "پشېرلی",
"t": "young ram in the second year",
"t2": "young ewe in the second year",
"tr": "pšerláy",
"tr2": "pšerlë́y"
},
"expansion": "Pashto: پشېرلی (pšerláy, “young ram in the second year”), پشېرلی (pšerlë́y, “young ewe in the second year”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pashto: پشېرلی (pšerláy, “young ram in the second year”), پشېرلی (pšerlë́y, “young ewe in the second year”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-sym-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ydg",
"2": "اسال",
"tr": "asāl"
},
"expansion": "Yidgha: اسال (asāl)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yidgha: اسال (asāl)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-shy-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sgh",
"2": "асӣд̌",
"3": "асӣд",
"q3": "Khufi, Rushani",
"tr3": "asoδ",
"tr4": "asöδ"
},
"expansion": "Shughni: асӣд̌ (asīδ), асӣд (asīd), (Khufi, Rushani) [script needed] (asoδ), [script needed] (asöδ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shughni: асӣд̌ (asīδ), асӣд (asīd), (Khufi, Rushani) [script needed] (asoδ), [script needed] (asöδ)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yah",
"2": "асуд̌",
"3": "асу̊д̌"
},
"expansion": "Yazghulami: асуд̌ (asuδ), асу̊д̌ (asůδ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yazghulami: асуд̌ (asuδ), асу̊д̌ (asůδ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bal",
"2": "سال",
"tr": "sál"
},
"expansion": "Baluchi: سال (sál)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Baluchi: سال (sál)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kurdish:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "sal"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: sal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: sal"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "ساڵ"
},
"expansion": "Central Kurdish: ساڵ (sall)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Kurdish: ساڵ (sall)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sdh",
"2": "ساڵ"
},
"expansion": "Southern Kurdish: ساڵ (sall)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Kurdish: ساڵ (sall)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lki",
"2": "ساڵ"
},
"expansion": "Laki: ساڵ (sall)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Laki: ساڵ (sall)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Medo-Parthian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Caspian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mzn",
"2": "سال",
"tr": "sāl"
},
"expansion": "Mazanderani: سال (sāl)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mazanderani: سال (sāl)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "glk",
"2": "سال",
"tr": "sāl"
},
"expansion": "Gilaki: سال (sāl)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gilaki: سال (sāl)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "-",
"ts": "sarδ, sār"
},
"expansion": "Parthian: (/sarδ, sār/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Parthian: (/sarδ, sār/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐫘𐫀𐫡",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "sʾr"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫘𐫀𐫡 (sʾr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫘𐫀𐫡 (sʾr)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐭔𐭍𐭕",
"sc": "Prti",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "ŠNT"
},
"expansion": "Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭔𐭍𐭕 (ŠNT)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭔𐭍𐭕 (ŠNT)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-ttc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tatic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tatic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly"
},
"expansion": "Talysh:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Talysh:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly",
"2": "sor",
"sc": "Latn",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: sor",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: sor"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly",
"2": "سور",
"sc": "Arab",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Arabic script: سور",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Arabic script: سور"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-ott",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Tati:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Tati:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-azr",
"2": "سور",
"tr": "sōr"
},
"expansion": "Old Azari: سور (sōr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Azari: سور (sōr)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Zaza-Gurani:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hac",
"2": "ساڵ",
"tr": "sāł"
},
"expansion": "Gurani: ساڵ (sāł)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gurani: ساڵ (sāł)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "serre",
"tr": "sařa"
},
"expansion": "Zazaki: serre (sařa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Zazaki: serre (sařa)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎰𐎼𐎭",
"t": "year",
"ts": "θrda"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian: 𐎰𐎼𐎭 (θ-r-d /θrda/, “year”)\nMiddle Persian: (/sāl/)\nManichaean script: 𐫘𐫀𐫡 (sʾr)\nBook Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (ŠNT)\nInscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭱𐭭𐭲 (ŠNT)\nPsalter Pahlavi script: 𐮐𐮌𐮑 (ŠNT)\nLurish:\nNorthern Luri: سال (sāl)\nBakhtiari: سال (sāl)\nSouthern Luri: سال (sāl)\nClassical Persian: سال (sāl)\n→ Hindi: साल (sāl)\n→ Urdu: سال (sāl)\nIranian Persian: سال (sāl)\nDari: سال (sāl)\nTajik: сол (sol)\n→ Yagnobi: сол (sol)\nBukhari: סאָל (sol)\nJudeo-Tat:\nCyrillic script: сал (sal)\nHebrew script: סל (sl)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Persian: 𐎰𐎼𐎭 (θ-r-d /θrda/, “year”)\nMiddle Persian: (/sāl/)\nManichaean script: 𐫘𐫀𐫡 (sʾr)\nBook Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (ŠNT)\nInscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭱𐭭𐭲 (ŠNT)\nPsalter Pahlavi script: 𐮐𐮌𐮑 (ŠNT)\nLurish:\nNorthern Luri: سال (sāl)\nBakhtiari: سال (sāl)\nSouthern Luri: سال (sāl)\nClassical Persian: سال (sāl)\n→ Hindi: साल (sāl)\n→ Urdu: سال (sāl)\nIranian Persian: سال (sāl)\nDari: سال (sāl)\nTajik: сол (sol)\n→ Yagnobi: сол (sol)\nBukhari: סאָל (sol)\nJudeo-Tat:\nCyrillic script: сал (sal)\nHebrew script: סל (sl)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southwestern Fars:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fay-kzo",
"2": "ثل",
"tr": "θal"
},
"expansion": "Old Kazeruni: ثل (θal)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "in older orthography"
},
"expansion": "(in older orthography)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Old Kazeruni: ثل (θal) (in older orthography)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "inh",
"3": "iir-pro>*ćarHáts>autumn",
"id": "autumn",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱelh₁-?\nProto-Indo-Iranian *ćarHáts\nProto-Iranian *carHdáh",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*ćarHáts"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćarHáts",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱelh₁-",
"4": "",
"5": "to warm up, to be hot"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱelh₁- (“to warm up, to be hot”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "caleō",
"3": "",
"4": "to be warm"
},
"expansion": "Latin caleō (“to be warm”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱelh₁-?\nProto-Indo-Iranian *ćarHáts\nProto-Iranian *carHdáh\nFrom Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćarHáts. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ḱelh₁- (“to warm up, to be hot”). Cognate with Latin caleō (“to be warm”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "*carHdáh f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Iranian",
"lang_code": "ira-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/carHdáh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Persian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Persian terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Iranian entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [
"Entries with etymology trees",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Southwestern Fars terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"autumn, summer"
],
"id": "en-carHdáh-ira-pro-noun-PXYPQxnx",
"links": [
[
"autumn",
"autumn"
],
[
"summer",
"summer"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Persian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Persian terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Iranian entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [
"Entries with etymology trees",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Southwestern Fars terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"alt": "nwsʾrc /nawsārc/",
"sense": "*nawahcarHdah (“new year”)",
"word": "نوسارڅ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"roman": "absāl",
"sense": "Middle Persian: [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾpsʾł /afsāl/, “spring; new year festival, spring festival”)",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
],
"word": "ابسال"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100",
"roman": "âbsâl",
"sense": "Middle Persian: [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾpsʾł /afsāl/, “spring; new year festival, spring festival”)",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
],
"word": "آبسال"
}
],
"glosses": [
"year"
],
"id": "en-carHdáh-ira-pro-noun-TLTqJVg8",
"links": [
[
"year",
"year"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "carHdáh"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Persian term requests",
"Middle Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Middle Persian terms with redundant script codes",
"Middle Persian terms with redundant transliterations",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Iranian entries with etymology trees",
"Proto-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Iranian feminine nouns",
"Proto-Iranian lemmas",
"Proto-Iranian nouns",
"Proto-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Proto-Iranian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Iranian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Requests for Book Pahlavi script for Middle Persian terms",
"Requests for native script for Aramaic terms",
"Requests for native script for Khotanese terms",
"Requests for native script for Shughni terms",
"Southwestern Fars terms in nonstandard scripts",
"ira-pro:Seasons"
],
"derived": [
{
"alt": "nwsʾrc /nawsārc/",
"sense": "*nawahcarHdah (“new year”)",
"word": "نوسارڅ"
},
{
"english": "the new year celecbration; Albiruni's books",
"roman": "nawsarδ",
"sense": "Sogdian: *nawēsarδ",
"word": "→ Classical Persian: نوسرذ"
},
{
"roman": "nawasard",
"sense": "Parthian: *nawāgsarδ",
"word": "→ Old Armenian: նաւասարդ"
},
{
"alt": "nwsrdʾ /nawsardā/",
"english": "new year",
"sense": "Parthian: *nawāgsarδ",
"word": "→ Aramaic: [script needed]"
},
{
"roman": "nawsāl",
"sense": "Classical Persian: نوسال (nawsāl)",
"tags": [
"Dari"
],
"word": "نوسال"
},
{
"roman": "nowsāl",
"sense": "Classical Persian: نوسال (nawsāl)",
"tags": [
"Iranian-Persian"
],
"word": "نوسال"
},
{
"roman": "navsol",
"sense": "Classical Persian: نوسال (nawsāl)",
"tags": [
"Tajik"
],
"word": "навсол"
},
{
"alt": "ʾpsʾrδ /əpsarδ/",
"english": "the new year festival",
"sense": "*upacarHdáh (“spring”)",
"word": "ܐܦܣܐܪܠ"
},
{
"english": "spring",
"roman": "pserláy",
"sense": "*upacarHdáh (“spring”)",
"word": "پسرلۍ"
},
{
"english": "spring",
"roman": "fsīdro",
"sense": "*upacarHdáh (“spring”)",
"word": "فسیدرو"
},
{
"english": "spring",
"roman": "avasor",
"sense": "*upacarHdáh (“spring”)",
"word": "اوسر"
},
{
"sense": "Talysh: (/avasōr/, “spring”)",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"character"
],
"word": "əvəsor"
},
{
"sense": "Talysh: (/avasōr/, “spring”)",
"tags": [
"Arabic",
"character"
],
"word": "اوسور"
},
{
"roman": "awsard",
"sense": "Parthian: *aβsarδ",
"word": "→ Old Armenian: աւսարդ"
},
{
"alt": "usār",
"english": "spring",
"sense": "*upacarHdáh (“spring”)",
"word": "usar"
},
{
"roman": "absāl",
"sense": "Middle Persian: [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾpsʾł /afsāl/, “spring; new year festival, spring festival”)",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
],
"word": "ابسال"
},
{
"roman": "âbsâl",
"sense": "Middle Persian: [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾpsʾł /afsāl/, “spring; new year festival, spring festival”)",
"tags": [
"Classical-Persian"
],
"word": "آبسال"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬯𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀",
"t": "year"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬯𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀 (sar^əδa, “year”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬯𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀 (sar^əδa, “year”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northeastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xsc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Scythian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Scythian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "-",
"t": "summer"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian: (“summer”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ossetian: (“summer”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "os-dig",
"2": "сӕрдӕ"
},
"expansion": "Digor Ossetian: сӕрдӕ (særdæ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Digor Ossetian: сӕрдӕ (særdæ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "os-iro",
"2": "сӕрд"
},
"expansion": "Iron Ossetian: сӕрд (særd)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Iron Ossetian: сӕрд (særd)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xsc-skw-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Saka-Wakhi:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Saka-Wakhi:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"tr": "salä"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese: [script needed] (salä)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khotanese: [script needed] (salä)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wbl",
"2": "wəsərd"
},
"expansion": "Wakhi: wəsərd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Wakhi: wəsərd"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sogdo-Bactrian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbc",
"2": "σαρλο"
},
"expansion": "Bactrian: σαρλο (sarlo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bactrian: σαρλο (sarlo)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xco",
"2": "سرذ",
"tr": "srδ",
"ts": "*sarδ"
},
"expansion": "Khwarezmian: سرذ (srδ /*sarδ/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khwarezmian: سرذ (srδ /*sarδ/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "-",
"ts": "sarδ"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian: (/sarδ/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian: (/sarδ/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "𐫘𐫡𐫔",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "srδ"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫘𐫡𐫔 (srδ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫘𐫡𐫔 (srδ), 𐫘𐫡𐫕 (srδδ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "𐼼𐽀𐼹",
"sc": "Sogd",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian script: 𐼼𐽀𐼹 (srδ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian script: 𐼼𐽀𐼹 (srδ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "ܣܪܕ",
"sc": "Syrc",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "srd"
},
"expansion": "Syriac script: ܣܪܕ (srd)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Syriac script: ܣܪܕ (srd), ܫܢܬ (ŠNT)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southeastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "پشېرلی",
"3": "پشېرلی",
"t": "young ram in the second year",
"t2": "young ewe in the second year",
"tr": "pšerláy",
"tr2": "pšerlë́y"
},
"expansion": "Pashto: پشېرلی (pšerláy, “young ram in the second year”), پشېرلی (pšerlë́y, “young ewe in the second year”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pashto: پشېرلی (pšerláy, “young ram in the second year”), پشېرلی (pšerlë́y, “young ewe in the second year”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-sym-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ydg",
"2": "اسال",
"tr": "asāl"
},
"expansion": "Yidgha: اسال (asāl)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yidgha: اسال (asāl)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-shy-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sgh",
"2": "асӣд̌",
"3": "асӣд",
"q3": "Khufi, Rushani",
"tr3": "asoδ",
"tr4": "asöδ"
},
"expansion": "Shughni: асӣд̌ (asīδ), асӣд (asīd), (Khufi, Rushani) [script needed] (asoδ), [script needed] (asöδ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shughni: асӣд̌ (asīδ), асӣд (asīd), (Khufi, Rushani) [script needed] (asoδ), [script needed] (asöδ)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yah",
"2": "асуд̌",
"3": "асу̊д̌"
},
"expansion": "Yazghulami: асуд̌ (asuδ), асу̊д̌ (asůδ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yazghulami: асуд̌ (asuδ), асу̊д̌ (asůδ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bal",
"2": "سال",
"tr": "sál"
},
"expansion": "Baluchi: سال (sál)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Baluchi: سال (sál)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kurdish:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "sal"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: sal",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: sal"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "ساڵ"
},
"expansion": "Central Kurdish: ساڵ (sall)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Kurdish: ساڵ (sall)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sdh",
"2": "ساڵ"
},
"expansion": "Southern Kurdish: ساڵ (sall)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Kurdish: ساڵ (sall)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lki",
"2": "ساڵ"
},
"expansion": "Laki: ساڵ (sall)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Laki: ساڵ (sall)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Medo-Parthian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Caspian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mzn",
"2": "سال",
"tr": "sāl"
},
"expansion": "Mazanderani: سال (sāl)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mazanderani: سال (sāl)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "glk",
"2": "سال",
"tr": "sāl"
},
"expansion": "Gilaki: سال (sāl)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gilaki: سال (sāl)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "-",
"ts": "sarδ, sār"
},
"expansion": "Parthian: (/sarδ, sār/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Parthian: (/sarδ, sār/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐫘𐫀𐫡",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "sʾr"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫘𐫀𐫡 (sʾr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫘𐫀𐫡 (sʾr)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐭔𐭍𐭕",
"sc": "Prti",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "ŠNT"
},
"expansion": "Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭔𐭍𐭕 (ŠNT)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭔𐭍𐭕 (ŠNT)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-ttc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tatic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tatic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly"
},
"expansion": "Talysh:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Talysh:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly",
"2": "sor",
"sc": "Latn",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: sor",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: sor"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly",
"2": "سور",
"sc": "Arab",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Arabic script: سور",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Arabic script: سور"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-ott",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Tati:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Tati:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-azr",
"2": "سور",
"tr": "sōr"
},
"expansion": "Old Azari: سور (sōr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Azari: سور (sōr)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Zaza-Gurani:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hac",
"2": "ساڵ",
"tr": "sāł"
},
"expansion": "Gurani: ساڵ (sāł)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gurani: ساڵ (sāł)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "serre",
"tr": "sařa"
},
"expansion": "Zazaki: serre (sařa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Zazaki: serre (sařa)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎰𐎼𐎭",
"t": "year",
"ts": "θrda"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian: 𐎰𐎼𐎭 (θ-r-d /θrda/, “year”)\nMiddle Persian: (/sāl/)\nManichaean script: 𐫘𐫀𐫡 (sʾr)\nBook Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (ŠNT)\nInscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭱𐭭𐭲 (ŠNT)\nPsalter Pahlavi script: 𐮐𐮌𐮑 (ŠNT)\nLurish:\nNorthern Luri: سال (sāl)\nBakhtiari: سال (sāl)\nSouthern Luri: سال (sāl)\nClassical Persian: سال (sāl)\n→ Hindi: साल (sāl)\n→ Urdu: سال (sāl)\nIranian Persian: سال (sāl)\nDari: سال (sāl)\nTajik: сол (sol)\n→ Yagnobi: сол (sol)\nBukhari: סאָל (sol)\nJudeo-Tat:\nCyrillic script: сал (sal)\nHebrew script: סל (sl)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Persian: 𐎰𐎼𐎭 (θ-r-d /θrda/, “year”)\nMiddle Persian: (/sāl/)\nManichaean script: 𐫘𐫀𐫡 (sʾr)\nBook Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (ŠNT)\nInscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭱𐭭𐭲 (ŠNT)\nPsalter Pahlavi script: 𐮐𐮌𐮑 (ŠNT)\nLurish:\nNorthern Luri: سال (sāl)\nBakhtiari: سال (sāl)\nSouthern Luri: سال (sāl)\nClassical Persian: سال (sāl)\n→ Hindi: साल (sāl)\n→ Urdu: سال (sāl)\nIranian Persian: سال (sāl)\nDari: سال (sāl)\nTajik: сол (sol)\n→ Yagnobi: сол (sol)\nBukhari: סאָל (sol)\nJudeo-Tat:\nCyrillic script: сал (sal)\nHebrew script: סל (sl)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southwestern Fars:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fay-kzo",
"2": "ثل",
"tr": "θal"
},
"expansion": "Old Kazeruni: ثل (θal)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "in older orthography"
},
"expansion": "(in older orthography)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Old Kazeruni: ثل (θal) (in older orthography)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "inh",
"3": "iir-pro>*ćarHáts>autumn",
"id": "autumn",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱelh₁-?\nProto-Indo-Iranian *ćarHáts\nProto-Iranian *carHdáh",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*ćarHáts"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćarHáts",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱelh₁-",
"4": "",
"5": "to warm up, to be hot"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱelh₁- (“to warm up, to be hot”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "caleō",
"3": "",
"4": "to be warm"
},
"expansion": "Latin caleō (“to be warm”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *ḱelh₁-?\nProto-Indo-Iranian *ćarHáts\nProto-Iranian *carHdáh\nFrom Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćarHáts. Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ḱelh₁- (“to warm up, to be hot”). Cognate with Latin caleō (“to be warm”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "*carHdáh f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Iranian",
"lang_code": "ira-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/carHdáh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"autumn, summer"
],
"links": [
[
"autumn",
"autumn"
],
[
"summer",
"summer"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"year"
],
"links": [
[
"year",
"year"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "carHdáh"
}
Download raw JSONL data for carHdáh meaning in All languages combined (14.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.