See cʔaːŋ on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mun-pro",
"2": "*ɟaŋ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Munda: *ɟaŋ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Munda: *ɟaŋ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sat",
"2": "ᱡᱟᱝ"
},
"expansion": "Santali: ᱡᱟᱝ (jaṅ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Santali: ᱡᱟᱝ (jaṅ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Aslian: ɟəʔaaŋ (Phillips, 2012)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Jah Hut: ʒǝʔaŋ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Jahaic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Cheq Wong: jəʔeŋ"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Jahai: ɟʔeŋ"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kensiu: ʔiʔiŋ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Senoic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sea",
"2": "je'aak"
},
"expansion": "Semai: je'aak",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Semai: je'aak"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tea",
"2": "jeak"
},
"expansion": "Temiar: jeak",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Temiar: jeak"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Semelaic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Semaq Beri: ʒǝʔaŋ"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Semelai: ɟəʔaŋ"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-kat-pro",
"2": "*ʔŋhaaŋ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Katuic: *ʔŋhaaŋ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Katuic: *ʔŋhaaŋ (Sidwell, 2005) (through some phonetic process)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pac",
"2": "nghang"
},
"expansion": "Pacoh: nghang",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pacoh: nghang"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kui: ŋhaːŋ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ktv",
"2": "n'hang"
},
"expansion": "Eastern Katu: n'hang",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Eastern Katu: n'hang"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bru",
"2": "nghang"
},
"expansion": "Eastern Bru: nghang",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Eastern Bru: nghang"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Khasian: *ʧʔɛːŋ (Sidwell, 2018)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kha",
"2": "sh'ing",
"3": "'ing"
},
"expansion": "Khasi: sh'ing, 'ing",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khasi: sh'ing, 'ing"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Lyngngam :"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Nangstoin: cʔeŋ"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Rongrin: tʃɁiaŋ"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Khmeric:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "km",
"2": "ឆ្អឹង"
},
"expansion": "Khmer: ឆ្អឹង (chʼəng)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khmer: ឆ្អឹង (chʼəng)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-khm-pro",
"2": "*ɟʔaː₁ŋ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Khmuic: *ɟʔaː₁ŋ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Khmuic: *ɟʔaː₁ŋ (Sidwell, 2013)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Khmu: cʔaːŋ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Phong: sɁiːŋ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Mlabri: ɟiʔɛɛŋ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Thin: ʔiəŋ"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Mangic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Mang: caːŋ⁴"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Nicobaric: *-ʔiŋ (Sidwell, 2018)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Nicobaric:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Nancowry: ong-eng"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-pal-pro",
"2": "*cənʔaːŋ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Palaungic: *cənʔaːŋ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Palaungic: *cənʔaːŋ (Sidwell, 2015)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Danaw: kᵊnɑŋ⁴"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Lawa: saʔaŋ ~ səʔaŋ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Palaung:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Shwe:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sam-Loong: က်ုန်အာင်"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Plang:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "La Gang: sá.ʔáŋ"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Man Noi: sá.ʔáŋ"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-vie-pro",
"2": "*ɟaːŋ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic: *ɟaːŋ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Vietic: *ɟaːŋ/*tʃɨəŋ < *tʃ-ʔaːŋ (Ferlus, 2007)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arem: sìəŋ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Chut:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Rục: saːŋ²"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sách: saːŋ²"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kha Phong: cɐːŋ²"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Tho:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Cuối Chăm: sɨəŋ¹"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Làng Lỡ: sɨəŋ¹"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Malieng: saːŋ²"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Viet-Muong:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Muong:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hoà Bình: xương"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Bi: xiêng"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-mvi",
"2": "𩩪",
"3": "𩩫",
"tr": "xương",
"tr2": "xương"
},
"expansion": "Middle Vietnamese: 𩩪 (xương), 𩩫 (xương)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Vietnamese: 𩩪 (xương), 𩩫 (xương)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "xương"
},
"expansion": "Vietnamese: xương",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vietnamese: xương"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mun-pro",
"2": "*ɟaŋ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Munda *ɟaŋ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sat",
"2": "ᱡᱟᱝ"
},
"expansion": "Santali ᱡᱟᱝ (jaṅ)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "* Proto-Austroasiatic: *cʔaːŋ (Sidwell, 2024, #AA012)\n* Proto-Mon-Khmer: *cʔaaŋ ~ *cʔaiŋ ~ *cʔi()ŋ (Shorto, 2006, #488)\nCognate with Proto-Munda *ɟaŋ (whence Santali ᱡᱟᱝ (jaṅ)).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aav-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*cʔaːŋ",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Austroasiatic",
"lang_code": "aav-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Austroasiatic/cʔaːŋ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Austroasiatic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bone"
],
"id": "en-cʔaːŋ-aav-pro-noun-yNrPZX~p",
"links": [
[
"bone",
"bone"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "cʔaːŋ"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mun-pro",
"2": "*ɟaŋ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Munda: *ɟaŋ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Munda: *ɟaŋ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sat",
"2": "ᱡᱟᱝ"
},
"expansion": "Santali: ᱡᱟᱝ (jaṅ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Santali: ᱡᱟᱝ (jaṅ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Aslian: ɟəʔaaŋ (Phillips, 2012)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Jah Hut: ʒǝʔaŋ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Jahaic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Cheq Wong: jəʔeŋ"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Jahai: ɟʔeŋ"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kensiu: ʔiʔiŋ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Senoic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sea",
"2": "je'aak"
},
"expansion": "Semai: je'aak",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Semai: je'aak"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tea",
"2": "jeak"
},
"expansion": "Temiar: jeak",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Temiar: jeak"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Semelaic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Semaq Beri: ʒǝʔaŋ"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Semelai: ɟəʔaŋ"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-kat-pro",
"2": "*ʔŋhaaŋ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Katuic: *ʔŋhaaŋ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Katuic: *ʔŋhaaŋ (Sidwell, 2005) (through some phonetic process)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pac",
"2": "nghang"
},
"expansion": "Pacoh: nghang",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pacoh: nghang"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kui: ŋhaːŋ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ktv",
"2": "n'hang"
},
"expansion": "Eastern Katu: n'hang",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Eastern Katu: n'hang"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bru",
"2": "nghang"
},
"expansion": "Eastern Bru: nghang",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Eastern Bru: nghang"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Khasian: *ʧʔɛːŋ (Sidwell, 2018)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kha",
"2": "sh'ing",
"3": "'ing"
},
"expansion": "Khasi: sh'ing, 'ing",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khasi: sh'ing, 'ing"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Lyngngam :"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Nangstoin: cʔeŋ"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Rongrin: tʃɁiaŋ"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Khmeric:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "km",
"2": "ឆ្អឹង"
},
"expansion": "Khmer: ឆ្អឹង (chʼəng)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khmer: ឆ្អឹង (chʼəng)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-khm-pro",
"2": "*ɟʔaː₁ŋ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Khmuic: *ɟʔaː₁ŋ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Khmuic: *ɟʔaː₁ŋ (Sidwell, 2013)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Khmu: cʔaːŋ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Phong: sɁiːŋ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Mlabri: ɟiʔɛɛŋ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Thin: ʔiəŋ"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Mangic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Mang: caːŋ⁴"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Nicobaric: *-ʔiŋ (Sidwell, 2018)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Nicobaric:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Nancowry: ong-eng"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-pal-pro",
"2": "*cənʔaːŋ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Palaungic: *cənʔaːŋ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Palaungic: *cənʔaːŋ (Sidwell, 2015)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Danaw: kᵊnɑŋ⁴"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Lawa: saʔaŋ ~ səʔaŋ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Palaung:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Shwe:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sam-Loong: က်ုန်အာင်"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Plang:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "La Gang: sá.ʔáŋ"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Man Noi: sá.ʔáŋ"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-vie-pro",
"2": "*ɟaːŋ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic: *ɟaːŋ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Vietic: *ɟaːŋ/*tʃɨəŋ < *tʃ-ʔaːŋ (Ferlus, 2007)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Arem: sìəŋ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Chut:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Rục: saːŋ²"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sách: saːŋ²"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kha Phong: cɐːŋ²"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Tho:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Cuối Chăm: sɨəŋ¹"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Làng Lỡ: sɨəŋ¹"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Malieng: saːŋ²"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Viet-Muong:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Muong:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hoà Bình: xương"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Bi: xiêng"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-mvi",
"2": "𩩪",
"3": "𩩫",
"tr": "xương",
"tr2": "xương"
},
"expansion": "Middle Vietnamese: 𩩪 (xương), 𩩫 (xương)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Vietnamese: 𩩪 (xương), 𩩫 (xương)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "xương"
},
"expansion": "Vietnamese: xương",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vietnamese: xương"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mun-pro",
"2": "*ɟaŋ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Munda *ɟaŋ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sat",
"2": "ᱡᱟᱝ"
},
"expansion": "Santali ᱡᱟᱝ (jaṅ)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "* Proto-Austroasiatic: *cʔaːŋ (Sidwell, 2024, #AA012)\n* Proto-Mon-Khmer: *cʔaaŋ ~ *cʔaiŋ ~ *cʔi()ŋ (Shorto, 2006, #488)\nCognate with Proto-Munda *ɟaŋ (whence Santali ᱡᱟᱝ (jaṅ)).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aav-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*cʔaːŋ",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Austroasiatic",
"lang_code": "aav-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Austroasiatic/cʔaːŋ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Proto-Austroasiatic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Austroasiatic lemmas",
"Proto-Austroasiatic nouns",
"aav-pro:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"bone"
],
"links": [
[
"bone",
"bone"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "cʔaːŋ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cʔaːŋ meaning in All languages combined (6.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-10-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-09-20 using wiktextract (3fd8a50 and 59b8406). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.