See brucan on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for brucan meaning in All languages combined (5.1kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "brūcing"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "ġebrūcan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "þurhbrūcan"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "brouken"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: brouken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: brouken"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "brook"
},
"expansion": "English: brook",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: brook"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "brook",
"3": "brouk"
},
"expansion": "Scots: brook, brouk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: brook, brouk"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰruHg-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*brūkan",
"4": "",
"5": "to enjoy, use"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *brūkan (“to enjoy, use”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "brūka"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian brūka",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "brūkan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon brūkan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*brūkan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *brūkan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "brūhhan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German brūhhan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌱𐍂𐌿𐌺𐌾𐌰𐌽"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌱𐍂𐌿𐌺𐌾𐌰𐌽 (brukjan)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fruor",
"3": "",
"4": "enjoy"
},
"expansion": "fruor (“enjoy”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *brūkan (“to enjoy, use”).\nCognates\nCognate with Old Frisian brūka, Old Saxon brūkan, Old Dutch *brūkan, Old High German brūhhan, Gothic 𐌱𐍂𐌿𐌺𐌾𐌰𐌽 (brukjan). The Indo-European root was also the source of Latin fruor (“enjoy”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "brūcan",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "brūcan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "brūcenne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "brūce",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brēac",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brȳcst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruce",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brȳcþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "brēac",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "brūcaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brucon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūce",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruce",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūcen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brucen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūc",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūcaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brūcende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brocen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ġebrocen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "brūcan"
},
"expansion": "brūcan",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "brūcan<s2>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to use"
],
"id": "en-brucan-ang-verb-1sSLc2ib",
"links": [
[
"use",
"use"
]
],
"tags": [
"with-genitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Now let's enjoy this breakfast as comrades who must fetch their dinner in hell.",
"text": "late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans\nUton nū brūcan þisses undernmetes swā þā sċulon þe heora ǣfenġifl on helle ġefeċċan sċulon.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to enjoy"
],
"id": "en-brucan-ang-verb-6UtvX9tY",
"links": [
[
"enjoy",
"enjoy"
]
],
"tags": [
"with-genitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 29 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to harness, take advantage of, employ, exploit"
],
"id": "en-brucan-ang-verb-ADMuw~Ru",
"links": [
[
"harness",
"harness"
],
[
"employ",
"employ"
],
[
"exploit",
"exploit"
]
],
"tags": [
"with-genitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbruː.kɑn/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "nēotan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "notian"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "nyttian"
}
],
"word": "brucan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old English class 2 strong verbs",
"Old English entries with incorrect language header",
"Old English lemmas",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰruHg-",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Old English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old English verbs"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "brūcing"
},
{
"word": "ġebrūcan"
},
{
"word": "þurhbrūcan"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "brouken"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: brouken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: brouken"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "brook"
},
"expansion": "English: brook",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: brook"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "brook",
"3": "brouk"
},
"expansion": "Scots: brook, brouk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: brook, brouk"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰruHg-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "1"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*brūkan",
"4": "",
"5": "to enjoy, use"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *brūkan (“to enjoy, use”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "brūka"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian brūka",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "brūkan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon brūkan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*brūkan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *brūkan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "brūhhan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German brūhhan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌱𐍂𐌿𐌺𐌾𐌰𐌽"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌱𐍂𐌿𐌺𐌾𐌰𐌽 (brukjan)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fruor",
"3": "",
"4": "enjoy"
},
"expansion": "fruor (“enjoy”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *brūkan (“to enjoy, use”).\nCognates\nCognate with Old Frisian brūka, Old Saxon brūkan, Old Dutch *brūkan, Old High German brūhhan, Gothic 𐌱𐍂𐌿𐌺𐌾𐌰𐌽 (brukjan). The Indo-European root was also the source of Latin fruor (“enjoy”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "brūcan",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ang-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "2",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "brūcan",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "brūcenne",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "brūce",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brēac",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brȳcst",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruce",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brȳcþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "brēac",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "brūcaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brucon",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūce",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bruce",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūcen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brucen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "brūc",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "brūcaþ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brūcende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "brocen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ġebrocen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "brūcan"
},
"expansion": "brūcan",
"name": "ang-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "brūcan<s2>"
},
"name": "ang-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Old English",
"lang_code": "ang",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to use"
],
"links": [
[
"use",
"use"
]
],
"tags": [
"with-genitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Now let's enjoy this breakfast as comrades who must fetch their dinner in hell.",
"text": "late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans\nUton nū brūcan þisses undernmetes swā þā sċulon þe heora ǣfenġifl on helle ġefeċċan sċulon.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to enjoy"
],
"links": [
[
"enjoy",
"enjoy"
]
],
"tags": [
"with-genitive"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to harness, take advantage of, employ, exploit"
],
"links": [
[
"harness",
"harness"
],
[
"employ",
"employ"
],
[
"exploit",
"exploit"
]
],
"tags": [
"with-genitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbruː.kɑn/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "nēotan"
},
{
"word": "notian"
},
{
"word": "nyttian"
}
],
"word": "brucan"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.