See bʰuH- on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰúH-t (zero-grade root aorist)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "these are analogical according to some sources"
},
"expansion": "(these are analogical according to some sources)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "*bʰéwH-e-ti (full-grade thematic present) (these are analogical according to some sources)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*beuną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *beuną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suppletive"
},
"expansion": "(suppletive)",
"name": "qual"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *beuną (suppletive) (< athematic *bʰéwH-ti) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰáwHati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰáwHati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰáwHati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*bʰáwHati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰáwHati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰáwHati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "भवति",
"tr": "bhávati"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: भवति (bhávati)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: भवति (bhávati) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "भावयति",
"der": "1",
"pos": "secondary causative"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: भावयति (bhāvayati, secondary causative)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: भावयति (bhāvayati, secondary causative)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*báwati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *báwati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *báwati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬠𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬠𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (bauuaⁱti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬠𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (bauuaⁱti)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "beno, bena, benê"
},
"expansion": "Zazaki: beno, bena, benê",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Zazaki: beno, bena, benê"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "bûn"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: bûn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: bûn"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "بودن",
"tr": "budan"
},
"expansion": "Persian: بودن (budan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Persian: بودن (budan)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰuH-yé-ti (zero-grade ye-present)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰowH-éye-ti (eye-causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*bāwˀitei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *bāwˀitei",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "or secondary formation?"
},
"expansion": "(or secondary formation?)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *bāwˀitei (or secondary formation?)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "bùvintis"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: bùvintis",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: bùvintis"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*baviti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *baviti",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *baviti (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰe-bʰúH-e ~ *bʰe-bʰuH-ḗr (reduplicated stative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πεφύασι",
"pos": "3pl."
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: πεφύασι (pephúasi, 3pl.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: πεφύασι (pephúasi, 3pl.)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰabʰúHa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰabʰúHa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰabʰúHa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*babʰúHa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *babʰúHa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *babʰúHa"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "बभूव",
"tr": "babhū́va"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: बभूव (babhū́va)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: बभूव (babhū́va)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬠𐬎𐬎𐬁𐬎𐬎𐬀",
"pos": "3sg."
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬠𐬎𐬎𐬁𐬎𐬎𐬀 (buuāuua, 3sg.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬠𐬎𐬎𐬁𐬎𐬎𐬀 (buuāuua, 3sg.), 𐬠𐬁𐬠𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬆 (bābuuar^ə, 3pl.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰuH-tís"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*bwātā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *bwātā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *bwātā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "botë"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: botë",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: botë"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*bytь",
"t": "culture, essence"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *bytь (“culture, essence”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "abstract denominal of *byti"
},
"expansion": "(abstract denominal of *byti)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *bytь (“culture, essence”) (abstract denominal of *byti) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φῠ́σῐς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: φῠ́σῐς (phŭ́sĭs)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "with shortened root vowel as in <i class=\"Polyt mention\" lang=\"grc\">στᾰ́σῐς</i> (stắsĭs)"
},
"expansion": "(with shortened root vowel as in στᾰ́σῐς (stắsĭs))",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: φῠ́σῐς (phŭ́sĭs), φῠ́στῐς (phŭ́stĭs) (with shortened root vowel as in στᾰ́σῐς (stắsĭs))"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "fis",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Albanian: fis",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Albanian: fis"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰuHtíš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰuHtíš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰuHtíš"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*bʰuHtíṣ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰuHtíṣ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰuHtíṣ"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "भूति",
"tr": "bhūtí, bhū́ti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: भूति (bhūtí, bhū́ti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: भूति (bhūtí, bhū́ti)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰuH-ti-ḱos"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φυσικός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: φυσικός (phusikós)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: φυσικός (phusikós), φυτικός (phutikós)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰúH-tus"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "bū́tu"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: bū́tu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: bū́tu"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "būton"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian: būton",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Prussian: būton, boūton"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*bytъ",
"t": "entity, creature"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *bytъ (“entity, creature”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "denominal from the supine of *byti"
},
"expansion": "(denominal from the supine of *byti)",
"name": "i"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *bytъ (“entity, creature”) (denominal from the supine of *byti)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰúH-m-i-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰúHmiš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰúHmiš",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰúHmiš (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰúH-mn̥"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φῦμᾰ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: φῦμᾰ (phûmă)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: φῦμᾰ (phûmă)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰúHma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰúHma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰúHma"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*bʰúHma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰúHma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰúHma"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "भूमन्",
"tr": "bhū́man"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: भूमन् (bhū́man)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: भूमन् (bhū́man)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰuH-eh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φυή"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: φυή (phuḗ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: φυή (phuḗ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰuH-tós"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "bùtas",
"t": "accommodation"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: bùtas (“accommodation”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: bùtas (“accommodation”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*byto",
"t": "being"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *byto (“being”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *byto (“being”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*butā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *butā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *butā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Brythonic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "obt",
"2": "Bot-"
},
"expansion": "Old Breton: Bot-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Breton: Bot-"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "bod"
},
"expansion": "Breton: bod",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Breton: bod"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "bod"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: bod",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: bod"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "bod"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: bod",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: bod"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "bod"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: bod",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: bod"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Goidelic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "both"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: both",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: both"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φῠτός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: φῠτός (phŭtós)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: φῠτός (phŭtós), φῠτόν (phŭtón)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰuHtás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰuHtás",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰuHtás (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰuH-lom"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φῦλον"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: φῦλον (phûlon)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: φῦλον (phûlon), φῡλή (phūlḗ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰuH-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Latin (pro)bus, (super)bus, (trī)bus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰúH-tlom"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*pʰútlā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *pʰútlā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *pʰútlā, *pʰútlon"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φῠ́τλᾱ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: φῠ́τλᾱ (phŭ́tlā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: φῠ́τλᾱ (phŭ́tlā), φῠ́τλη (phŭ́tlē); φῠ́τλον (phŭ́tlon)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "būklas"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: būklas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: būklas, bū́kla"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*bydlo"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *bydlo",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *bydlo (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰuH-rom"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*būrą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *būrą",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *būrą (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*pro-bʰHus (“good, excellent”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*prabʰHúš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *prabʰHúš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *prabʰHúš"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*prabʰHúṣ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *prabʰHúṣ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *prabʰHúṣ"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "प्रभु",
"tr": "prabhú"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: प्रभु (prabhú)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: प्रभु (prabhú) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*proβos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *proβos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *proβos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "probus"
},
"expansion": "Latin: probus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: probus (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "perhaps",
"2": "+ *swe- (“self”)"
},
"expansion": "(perhaps, + *swe- (“self”))",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "*swe-bʰuH- (perhaps, + *swe- (“self”))"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "atsvabinât"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: atsvabinât",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: atsvabinât, svabads"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*svoboda"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *svoboda",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *svoboda, *sveboda (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*swēbaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *swēbaz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *swēbaz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Samnium"
},
"expansion": "Latin: Samnium",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: Samnium, Sabīnī, Sabellī, Semnōnes"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*būmā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *būmā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *būmā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "bimë"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: bimë",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: bimë"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "bëhem"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: bëhem",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: bëhem"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"alt": "*bāl-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *bāl-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *bāl-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "abolla",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Albanian: abolla",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Albanian: abolla"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "բոյս"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: բոյս (boys)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: բոյս (boys), բոյլ (boyl), բոյն (boyn), բլիթ (blitʻ), բոյթ (boytʻ), բայ (bay), (possibly) բաւիղ (bawił) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*bōþō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *bōþō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *bōþō (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*buskaz",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Germanic: *buskaz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Germanic: *buskaz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-bō"
},
"expansion": "Latin: -bō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: -bō (ending of future), -bam (ending of imperfect), -bundus (as in moribundus)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰuH-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European irregularly shaped roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European perfective roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be, become, grow, appear"
],
"id": "en-bʰuH--ine-pro-root-ZZyScbF3",
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"grow",
"grow"
],
[
"appear",
"appear"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"perfective",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben",
"Oleg Trubachyov",
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "bʰuH-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰúH-t (zero-grade root aorist)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "these are analogical according to some sources"
},
"expansion": "(these are analogical according to some sources)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "*bʰéwH-e-ti (full-grade thematic present) (these are analogical according to some sources)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*beuną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *beuną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suppletive"
},
"expansion": "(suppletive)",
"name": "qual"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *beuną (suppletive) (< athematic *bʰéwH-ti) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰáwHati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰáwHati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰáwHati"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*bʰáwHati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰáwHati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰáwHati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "भवति",
"tr": "bhávati"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: भवति (bhávati)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: भवति (bhávati) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "भावयति",
"der": "1",
"pos": "secondary causative"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Sanskrit: भावयति (bhāvayati, secondary causative)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Sanskrit: भावयति (bhāvayati, secondary causative)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*báwati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *báwati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *báwati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬠𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬠𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (bauuaⁱti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬠𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬌𐬙𐬌 (bauuaⁱti)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "beno, bena, benê"
},
"expansion": "Zazaki: beno, bena, benê",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Zazaki: beno, bena, benê"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "bûn"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: bûn",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: bûn"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "بودن",
"tr": "budan"
},
"expansion": "Persian: بودن (budan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Persian: بودن (budan)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰuH-yé-ti (zero-grade ye-present)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰowH-éye-ti (eye-causative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*bāwˀitei"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *bāwˀitei",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "or secondary formation?"
},
"expansion": "(or secondary formation?)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic: *bāwˀitei (or secondary formation?)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "bùvintis"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: bùvintis",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: bùvintis"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*baviti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *baviti",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *baviti (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰe-bʰúH-e ~ *bʰe-bʰuH-ḗr (reduplicated stative)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πεφύασι",
"pos": "3pl."
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: πεφύασι (pephúasi, 3pl.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: πεφύασι (pephúasi, 3pl.)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰabʰúHa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰabʰúHa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰabʰúHa"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*babʰúHa"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *babʰúHa",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *babʰúHa"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "बभूव",
"tr": "babhū́va"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: बभूव (babhū́va)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: बभूव (babhū́va)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬠𐬎𐬎𐬁𐬎𐬎𐬀",
"pos": "3sg."
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬠𐬎𐬎𐬁𐬎𐬎𐬀 (buuāuua, 3sg.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬠𐬎𐬎𐬁𐬎𐬎𐬀 (buuāuua, 3sg.), 𐬠𐬁𐬠𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭𐬆 (bābuuar^ə, 3pl.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰuH-tís"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*bwātā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *bwātā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *bwātā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "botë"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: botë",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: botë"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*bytь",
"t": "culture, essence"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *bytь (“culture, essence”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "abstract denominal of *byti"
},
"expansion": "(abstract denominal of *byti)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *bytь (“culture, essence”) (abstract denominal of *byti) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φῠ́σῐς"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: φῠ́σῐς (phŭ́sĭs)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "with shortened root vowel as in <i class=\"Polyt mention\" lang=\"grc\">στᾰ́σῐς</i> (stắsĭs)"
},
"expansion": "(with shortened root vowel as in στᾰ́σῐς (stắsĭs))",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: φῠ́σῐς (phŭ́sĭs), φῠ́στῐς (phŭ́stĭs) (with shortened root vowel as in στᾰ́σῐς (stắsĭs))"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "fis",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Albanian: fis",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Albanian: fis"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰuHtíš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰuHtíš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰuHtíš"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*bʰuHtíṣ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰuHtíṣ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰuHtíṣ"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "भूति",
"tr": "bhūtí, bhū́ti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: भूति (bhūtí, bhū́ti)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: भूति (bhūtí, bhū́ti)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰuH-ti-ḱos"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φυσικός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: φυσικός (phusikós)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: φυσικός (phusikós), φυτικός (phutikós)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰúH-tus"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "bū́tu"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: bū́tu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: bū́tu"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prg",
"2": "būton"
},
"expansion": "Old Prussian: būton",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Prussian: būton, boūton"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*bytъ",
"t": "entity, creature"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *bytъ (“entity, creature”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "denominal from the supine of *byti"
},
"expansion": "(denominal from the supine of *byti)",
"name": "i"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *bytъ (“entity, creature”) (denominal from the supine of *byti)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰúH-m-i-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰúHmiš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰúHmiš",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰúHmiš (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰúH-mn̥"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φῦμᾰ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: φῦμᾰ (phûmă)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: φῦμᾰ (phûmă)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰúHma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰúHma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰúHma"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*bʰúHma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰúHma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰúHma"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "भूमन्",
"tr": "bhū́man"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: भूमन् (bhū́man)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: भूमन् (bhū́man)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰuH-eh₂"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φυή"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: φυή (phuḗ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: φυή (phuḗ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰuH-tós"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "bùtas",
"t": "accommodation"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: bùtas (“accommodation”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: bùtas (“accommodation”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*byto",
"t": "being"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *byto (“being”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *byto (“being”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*butā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *butā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *butā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Brythonic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "obt",
"2": "Bot-"
},
"expansion": "Old Breton: Bot-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Breton: Bot-"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "br",
"2": "bod"
},
"expansion": "Breton: bod",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Breton: bod"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kw",
"2": "bod"
},
"expansion": "Cornish: bod",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cornish: bod"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "bod"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: bod",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: bod"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "bod"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: bod",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: bod"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Goidelic:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "both"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: both",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: both"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φῠτός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: φῠτός (phŭtós)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: φῠτός (phŭtós), φῠτόν (phŭtón)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰuHtás"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰuHtás",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰuHtás (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰuH-lom"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φῦλον"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: φῦλον (phûlon)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: φῦλον (phûlon), φῡλή (phūlḗ)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰuH-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Latin (pro)bus, (super)bus, (trī)bus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰúH-tlom"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": "*pʰútlā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic: *pʰútlā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic: *pʰútlā, *pʰútlon"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "φῠ́τλᾱ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: φῠ́τλᾱ (phŭ́tlā)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: φῠ́τλᾱ (phŭ́tlā), φῠ́τλη (phŭ́tlē); φῠ́τλον (phŭ́tlon)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "būklas"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: būklas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: būklas, bū́kla"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*bydlo"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *bydlo",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *bydlo (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰuH-rom"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*būrą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *būrą",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *būrą (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*pro-bʰHus (“good, excellent”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*prabʰHúš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *prabʰHúš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *prabʰHúš"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*prabʰHúṣ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *prabʰHúṣ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *prabʰHúṣ"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "प्रभु",
"tr": "prabhú"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: प्रभु (prabhú)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: प्रभु (prabhú) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*proβos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *proβos",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *proβos"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "probus"
},
"expansion": "Latin: probus",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: probus (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "perhaps",
"2": "+ *swe- (“self”)"
},
"expansion": "(perhaps, + *swe- (“self”))",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "*swe-bʰuH- (perhaps, + *swe- (“self”))"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "atsvabinât"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: atsvabinât",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: atsvabinât, svabads"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*svoboda"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *svoboda",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *svoboda, *sveboda (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*swēbaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *swēbaz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *swēbaz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Samnium"
},
"expansion": "Latin: Samnium",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: Samnium, Sabīnī, Sabellī, Semnōnes"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*būmā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *būmā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *būmā"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "bimë"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: bimë",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: bimë"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "bëhem"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: bëhem",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: bëhem"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"alt": "*bāl-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian: *bāl-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian: *bāl-"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "abolla",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Albanian: abolla",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Albanian: abolla"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Armenian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "բոյս"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: բոյս (boys)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "possibly"
},
"expansion": "(possibly)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: բոյս (boys), բոյլ (boyl), բոյն (boyn), բլիթ (blitʻ), բոյթ (boytʻ), բայ (bay), (possibly) բաւիղ (bawił) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*bōþō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *bōþō",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *bōþō (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*buskaz",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Germanic: *buskaz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Germanic: *buskaz (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-bō"
},
"expansion": "Latin: -bō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: -bō (ending of future), -bam (ending of imperfect), -bundus (as in moribundus)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰuH-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European irregularly shaped roots",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European perfective roots",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"glosses": [
"to be, become, grow, appear"
],
"links": [
[
"be",
"be"
],
[
"become",
"become"
],
[
"grow",
"grow"
],
[
"appear",
"appear"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"perfective",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben",
"Oleg Trubachyov",
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "bʰuH-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bʰuH- meaning in All languages combined (19.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (0c0c1f1 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.