See bʰrem- on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for bʰrem- meaning in All languages combined (6.9kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰrém-e-ti (thematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*bremeti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *bremeti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *bremeti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*brėβ̃ɨd"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *brėβ̃ɨd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *brėβ̃ɨd"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "brefu"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: brefu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: brefu, brefad"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "Bremia"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish: Bremia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gaulish: Bremia, Bremenium"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*bremaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *bremaną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *bremaną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*brummōną",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Germanic: *brummōną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Germanic: *brummōną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰrámati",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰrámati",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "unless =<i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"iir-pro\">*bʰrámHati</i>; the root is uncertain"
},
"expansion": "(unless =*bʰrámHati; the root is uncertain)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰrámati (unless =*bʰrámHati; the root is uncertain)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*bʰrámati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰrámati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰrámati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "भ्रमति",
"t": "to wander, rove, ramble",
"tr": "bhrámati"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: भ्रमति (bhrámati, “to wander, rove, ramble”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: भ्रमति (bhrámati, “to wander, rove, ramble”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*brámati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *brámati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *brámati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐫁𐫡𐫖𐫀𐫖",
"pos": "1sg.pres.ind.",
"tr": "brmʾm"
},
"expansion": "Parthian: 𐫁𐫡𐫖𐫀𐫖 (brmʾm, 1sg.pres.ind.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Parthian: 𐫁𐫡𐫖𐫀𐫖 (brmʾm, 1sg.pres.ind.), 𐫁𐫡𐫖𐫀𐫖 (brmʾm, 1pl.pres.ind.), 𐫁𐫡𐫖𐫏𐫗𐫅 (brmynd, 3pl.pres.ind.)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"pos": "3sg.pres.ind.",
"tr": "blʾmynd",
"ts": "brāmēnd"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: [script needed] (blʾmynd /brāmēnd/, 3sg.pres.ind.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: [script needed] (blʾmynd /brāmēnd/, 3sg.pres.ind.)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*fremō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *fremō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *fremō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fremō"
},
"expansion": "Latin: fremō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: fremō"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰr̥m-éh₁ye-ti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*brьměti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *brьměti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *brьměti"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "brzmieć"
},
"expansion": "Polish: brzmieć",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: brzmieć"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰrém-ti-s ~ *bʰrm̥-téy-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*brumþiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *brumþiz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *brumþiz"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰrōm-is"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*brōmiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *brōmiz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *brōmiz"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰrem-onts"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰramants",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰramants",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "or <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"iir-pro\">*bʰrámHants</i>; cf. <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"iir-pro\">*bʰrám(H)ati</i> above"
},
"expansion": "(or *bʰrámHants; cf. *bʰrám(H)ati above)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰramants (or *bʰrámHants; cf. *bʰrám(H)ati above)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*bʰramants"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰramants",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰramants"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "भ्रमत्",
"t": "wandering about, roaming"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: भ्रमत् (bhramat, “wandering about, roaming”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: भ्रमत् (bhramat, “wandering about, roaming”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰŕ̥m-gos"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰŕ̥ngas",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰŕ̥ngas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰŕ̥ngas"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*bʰŕ̥ngas",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰŕ̥ngas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰŕ̥ngas"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "भृङ्ग",
"t": "a species of large black bee, the humble bee",
"tr": "bhṛ́ṅga"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: भृङ्ग (bhṛ́ṅga, “a species of large black bee, the humble bee”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: भृङ्ग (bhṛ́ṅga, “a species of large black bee, the humble bee”)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰrem-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European CReR-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to make noise"
],
"id": "en-bʰrem--ine-pro-root-C6skPGFf",
"links": [
[
"make",
"make"
],
[
"noise",
"noise"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
]
}
],
"word": "bʰrem-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰrém-e-ti (thematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*bremeti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *bremeti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *bremeti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*brėβ̃ɨd"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *brėβ̃ɨd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Brythonic: *brėβ̃ɨd"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "brefu"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: brefu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: brefu, brefad"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "Bremia"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish: Bremia",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gaulish: Bremia, Bremenium"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*bremaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *bremaną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *bremaną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*brummōną",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Germanic: *brummōną",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Germanic: *brummōną (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰrámati",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰrámati",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "unless =<i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"iir-pro\">*bʰrámHati</i>; the root is uncertain"
},
"expansion": "(unless =*bʰrámHati; the root is uncertain)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰrámati (unless =*bʰrámHati; the root is uncertain)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*bʰrámati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰrámati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰrámati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "भ्रमति",
"t": "to wander, rove, ramble",
"tr": "bhrámati"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: भ्रमति (bhrámati, “to wander, rove, ramble”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: भ्रमति (bhrámati, “to wander, rove, ramble”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*brámati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *brámati",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *brámati"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐫁𐫡𐫖𐫀𐫖",
"pos": "1sg.pres.ind.",
"tr": "brmʾm"
},
"expansion": "Parthian: 𐫁𐫡𐫖𐫀𐫖 (brmʾm, 1sg.pres.ind.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Parthian: 𐫁𐫡𐫖𐫀𐫖 (brmʾm, 1sg.pres.ind.), 𐫁𐫡𐫖𐫀𐫖 (brmʾm, 1pl.pres.ind.), 𐫁𐫡𐫖𐫏𐫗𐫅 (brmynd, 3pl.pres.ind.)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"pos": "3sg.pres.ind.",
"tr": "blʾmynd",
"ts": "brāmēnd"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: [script needed] (blʾmynd /brāmēnd/, 3sg.pres.ind.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: [script needed] (blʾmynd /brāmēnd/, 3sg.pres.ind.)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*fremō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *fremō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *fremō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fremō"
},
"expansion": "Latin: fremō",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: fremō"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰr̥m-éh₁ye-ti"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balto-Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*brьměti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic: *brьměti",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Slavic: *brьměti"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "brzmieć"
},
"expansion": "Polish: brzmieć",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: brzmieć"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰrém-ti-s ~ *bʰrm̥-téy-s"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*brumþiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *brumþiz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *brumþiz"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰrōm-is"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*brōmiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *brōmiz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *brōmiz"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰrem-onts"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰramants",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰramants",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "or <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"iir-pro\">*bʰrámHants</i>; cf. <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"iir-pro\">*bʰrám(H)ati</i> above"
},
"expansion": "(or *bʰrámHants; cf. *bʰrám(H)ati above)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰramants (or *bʰrámHants; cf. *bʰrám(H)ati above)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*bʰramants"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰramants",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰramants"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "भ्रमत्",
"t": "wandering about, roaming"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: भ्रमत् (bhramat, “wandering about, roaming”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: भ्रमत् (bhramat, “wandering about, roaming”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*bʰŕ̥m-gos"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*bʰŕ̥ngas",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰŕ̥ngas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰŕ̥ngas"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro",
"2": "*bʰŕ̥ngas",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰŕ̥ngas",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bʰŕ̥ngas"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "भृङ्ग",
"t": "a species of large black bee, the humble bee",
"tr": "bhṛ́ṅga"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: भृङ्ग (bhṛ́ṅga, “a species of large black bee, the humble bee”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: भृङ्ग (bhṛ́ṅga, “a species of large black bee, the humble bee”)"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰrem-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European CReR-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"glosses": [
"to make noise"
],
"links": [
[
"make",
"make"
],
[
"noise",
"noise"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
]
}
],
"word": "bʰrem-"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (9d9fc81 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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