See afoul on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "run afoul"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "run afoul of"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "ine-pro",
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},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "a",
"3": "foul"
},
"expansion": "a- + foul",
"name": "prefix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From a- + foul.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more afoul",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most afoul",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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"args": {},
"expansion": "afoul (comparative more afoul, superlative most afoul)",
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adv",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "foully"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w+disamb"
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"_dis": "50 50",
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{
"_dis": "50 50",
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{
"_dis": "50 50",
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{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The ships’ lines and sails were all afoul."
},
{
"ref": "1840, Richard Henry Dana Jr., chapter 15, in Two Years Before the Mast, New York: Harper & Bros., page 137:",
"text": "After paying out chain, we swung clear, but our anchors were no doubt afoul of hers.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "1849, William F. Lynch, The Naval Officer, Chapter 2, in Graham’s Magazine, Volume 34, Number 3, March 1849,\nThe atmosphere was soon thick and stifling, and the crews were working their guns with the energy of desperation, when a severe concussion, followed by a harsh and grating sound, told that the ships were afoul."
}
],
"glosses": [
"In a state of collision or entanglement."
],
"id": "en-afoul-en-adv-gcjn0sDR",
"links": [
[
"collision",
"collision"
],
[
"entanglement",
"entanglement"
]
],
"qualifier": "principally nautical",
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, principally nautical) In a state of collision or entanglement."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "20 80",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with a-",
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"_dis": "48 52",
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{
"_dis": "50 50",
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{
"_dis": "50 50",
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{
"_dis": "50 50",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He had a knack for running afoul of the law.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1851 November 14, Herman Melville, “Chapter 20”, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC:",
"text": "What the devil’s the matter with me? I don’t stand right on my legs. Coming afoul of that old man has a sort of turned me wrong side out.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1957 December 15, “Still in Business”, in Time:",
"text": "A hemispheric axiom has it that when a dictator falls afoul of Washington, his opponents are emboldened to try to topple him.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1979, Bernard Malamud, chapter 2, in Dubin’s Lives, New York: Farrar Straus Giroux, page 79:",
"text": "Kings came to hear [Vivaldi’s] concerts but in the end he ran afoul of the Pope’s nuncio and fell out of favor, presumably for neglecting to say Mass […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1993, Larry Niven, Jerry Pournelle, The Gripping Hand, New York: Pocket Books, published 1994, Part 1, Chapter 3, p. 28:",
"text": "He committed acts which put him afoul of Empire law, details classified, twenty-six years ago.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In a state of entanglement or conflict (with)."
],
"id": "en-afoul-en-adv-78~IzNXm",
"links": [
[
"entanglement",
"entanglement"
],
[
"conflict",
"conflict"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with of) In a state of entanglement or conflict (with)."
],
"tags": [
"with-of"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "44 56",
"code": "fi",
"english": "entangled",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in a state of entanglement or conflict (with)",
"word": "sotkussa"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 56",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"note": "in conflict",
"sense": "in a state of entanglement or conflict (with)",
"word": "hakauksessa"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 56",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in a state of entanglement or conflict (with)",
"word": "em conflito com"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 56",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in a state of entanglement or conflict (with)",
"word": "de encontro a"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 56",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in a state of entanglement or conflict (with)",
"word": "contra"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 56",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "v zapúgannom sostojánii",
"sense": "in a state of entanglement or conflict (with)",
"word": "в запу́ганном состоя́нии"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 56",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "v protivoréčije s",
"sense": "in a state of entanglement or conflict (with)",
"word": "в противоре́чие с"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 56",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vrazréz s",
"sense": "in a state of entanglement or conflict (with)",
"word": "вразре́з с"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 56",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "stolknovénije s",
"sense": "in a state of entanglement or conflict (with)",
"word": "столкнове́ние с"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 56",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "naperekór",
"sense": "in a state of entanglement or conflict (with)",
"word": "напереко́р"
},
{
"_dis1": "44 56",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "in a state of entanglement or conflict (with)",
"word": "en conflicto con"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈfaʊl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊl"
}
],
"word": "afoul"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adverbs",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *puH-",
"English terms prefixed with a-",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/aʊl",
"Rhymes:English/aʊl/2 syllables",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "run afoul"
},
{
"word": "run afoul of"
}
],
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"2": "a",
"3": "foul"
},
"expansion": "a- + foul",
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}
],
"etymology_text": "From a- + foul.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more afoul",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most afoul",
"tags": [
"superlative"
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"pos": "adv",
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{
"word": "foully"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The ships’ lines and sails were all afoul."
},
{
"ref": "1840, Richard Henry Dana Jr., chapter 15, in Two Years Before the Mast, New York: Harper & Bros., page 137:",
"text": "After paying out chain, we swung clear, but our anchors were no doubt afoul of hers.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"text": "1849, William F. Lynch, The Naval Officer, Chapter 2, in Graham’s Magazine, Volume 34, Number 3, March 1849,\nThe atmosphere was soon thick and stifling, and the crews were working their guns with the energy of desperation, when a severe concussion, followed by a harsh and grating sound, told that the ships were afoul."
}
],
"glosses": [
"In a state of collision or entanglement."
],
"links": [
[
"collision",
"collision"
],
[
"entanglement",
"entanglement"
]
],
"qualifier": "principally nautical",
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, principally nautical) In a state of collision or entanglement."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "He had a knack for running afoul of the law.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1851 November 14, Herman Melville, “Chapter 20”, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC:",
"text": "What the devil’s the matter with me? I don’t stand right on my legs. Coming afoul of that old man has a sort of turned me wrong side out.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1957 December 15, “Still in Business”, in Time:",
"text": "A hemispheric axiom has it that when a dictator falls afoul of Washington, his opponents are emboldened to try to topple him.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1979, Bernard Malamud, chapter 2, in Dubin’s Lives, New York: Farrar Straus Giroux, page 79:",
"text": "Kings came to hear [Vivaldi’s] concerts but in the end he ran afoul of the Pope’s nuncio and fell out of favor, presumably for neglecting to say Mass […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1993, Larry Niven, Jerry Pournelle, The Gripping Hand, New York: Pocket Books, published 1994, Part 1, Chapter 3, p. 28:",
"text": "He committed acts which put him afoul of Empire law, details classified, twenty-six years ago.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"In a state of entanglement or conflict (with)."
],
"links": [
[
"entanglement",
"entanglement"
],
[
"conflict",
"conflict"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(with of) In a state of entanglement or conflict (with)."
],
"tags": [
"with-of"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/əˈfaʊl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-aʊl"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"english": "entangled",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "in a state of entanglement or conflict (with)",
"word": "sotkussa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"note": "in conflict",
"sense": "in a state of entanglement or conflict (with)",
"word": "hakauksessa"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in a state of entanglement or conflict (with)",
"word": "em conflito com"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in a state of entanglement or conflict (with)",
"word": "de encontro a"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "in a state of entanglement or conflict (with)",
"word": "contra"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "v zapúgannom sostojánii",
"sense": "in a state of entanglement or conflict (with)",
"word": "в запу́ганном состоя́нии"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "v protivoréčije s",
"sense": "in a state of entanglement or conflict (with)",
"word": "в противоре́чие с"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "vrazréz s",
"sense": "in a state of entanglement or conflict (with)",
"word": "вразре́з с"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "stolknovénije s",
"sense": "in a state of entanglement or conflict (with)",
"word": "столкнове́ние с"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "naperekór",
"sense": "in a state of entanglement or conflict (with)",
"word": "напереко́р"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "in a state of entanglement or conflict (with)",
"word": "en conflicto con"
}
],
"word": "afoul"
}
Download raw JSONL data for afoul meaning in All languages combined (5.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.