See Guma on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ug",
"3": "گۇما"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur گۇما (guma)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Uyghur گۇما (guma).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Guma",
"name": "en-proper noun"
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1963, Central Asian Review, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 177:",
"text": "In Guma County, on the foothills of the Kunlun, in the locality of Kulan-Aryk, Sanju, etc., are between 300 and 350 persons affiliated to the Naiman, Teyit, Kesek, Boston and other groups .",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1989, Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde des Morgenlandes, volume 79, →OCLC, page 245:",
"text": "This is an original characteristic of the Turkic languages which has disappeared from the other dialects of modern Uygur, but it has been partly retained by the Lobnor dialect and the Hotan dialect spoken in the County of Guma.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2015 February 17, Michael Forsythe, “Suicide Bomber Kills Up to 8 in Xinjiang, Radio Free Asia Reports”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-02-19, Asia Pacific:",
"text": "Radio Free Asia reported that Friday’s attack took place in Guma County, known as Pishan in Chinese. A man who answered the telephone at the Pishan County Public Security Bureau said he had no information about the attack, and a man at the Pishan County People’s Hospital said, “We’re not allowed to answer your question, sorry.”",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020 September 9, Willem Marx, Olivia Sumrie, “Uighurs accuse China of mass detention, torture in landmark complaint”, in NBC News, archived from the original on 2020-09-09:",
"text": "Among those who told NBC News they were detained was Omer, who was born in Guma County, a predominantly Uighur part of Xinjiang region. He said his ordeal began in 2017 when he was arrested at the airport in Urumqi, Xinjiang’s capital and largest city, after returning from Egypt where he had been working for six months as a chef.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020 August 21, Asim Kashgarian, “China Video Ad Calls for 100 Uighur Women to ‘Urgently’ Marry Han Men”, in Voice of America, archived from the original on 2021-09-29:",
"text": "In a January article on the Chinese site NetEase, Mau Tao, a CCP official in Guma county of southern Xinjiang, said that “religious extremism” was behind the lack of ethnic unity between Uighurs and Han Chinese. He said that 2000 and 2010 national censuses showed that Xinjiang had the lowest rate of interethnic marriage among ethnic minorities.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2021 February 17, Abliz Sadiq, “The Facts Are Facts. They Shouldn’t Be Distorted”, in Cheng Li, editor, Tianshannet, archived from the original on 2022-09-09:",
"text": "In 2019, I was dispatched to work in Fanghuiju team in Azghanbagh village, Muji Town, Guma County of Hotan Prefecture. There I witnessed the unprecedented changes happened in southern Xinjiang villages.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of Pishan"
],
"id": "en-Guma-en-name-rK0twJi-",
"links": [
[
"Pishan",
"Pishan#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "Pishan"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Places in China",
"orig": "en:Places in China",
"parents": [
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"Names",
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"Proper nouns",
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{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Towns in China",
"orig": "en:Towns in China",
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{
"kind": "place",
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"orig": "en:Towns in Xinjiang",
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"Towns",
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"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "43 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 88",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 72",
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"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
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"source": "w+disamb"
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{
"_dis": "18 82",
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 71",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Uyghur translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1984, Peter Hopkirk, Foreign Devils on the Silk Road, John Murray, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 77:",
"text": "He started by asking the elders and officials whether they knew of the discovery of any old books in the desert around Guma. Nobody had. Of the list of sites which Islam Akhun had included in his itinerary published by Hoernle, only two were known to them. As both lay close to Guma, Stein rode out to inspect them.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A town in Pishan, Hotan prefecture, Xinjiang, China."
],
"id": "en-Guma-en-name-0uLYp1Ub",
"links": [
[
"Pishan",
"Pishan#English"
],
[
"Hotan",
"Hotan#English"
],
[
"Xinjiang",
"Xinjiang#English"
],
[
"China",
"China#English"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "20 80",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "county in Hotan, Xinjiang, China; town in Pishan, Hotan, Xinjiang, China",
"word": "固瑪"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 80",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Gùmǎ",
"sense": "county in Hotan, Xinjiang, China; town in Pishan, Hotan, Xinjiang, China",
"word": "固玛"
},
{
"_dis1": "20 80",
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "guma",
"sense": "county in Hotan, Xinjiang, China; town in Pishan, Hotan, Xinjiang, China",
"word": "گۇما"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "go͞omäʹ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Guma",
"U.S. Army Topographic Command"
],
"word": "Guma"
}
{
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Uyghur",
"English terms derived from Uyghur",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Uyghur translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
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"2": "ug",
"3": "گۇما"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur گۇما (guma)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Uyghur گۇما (guma).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "Guma",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1963, Central Asian Review, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 177:",
"text": "In Guma County, on the foothills of the Kunlun, in the locality of Kulan-Aryk, Sanju, etc., are between 300 and 350 persons affiliated to the Naiman, Teyit, Kesek, Boston and other groups .",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1989, Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde des Morgenlandes, volume 79, →OCLC, page 245:",
"text": "This is an original characteristic of the Turkic languages which has disappeared from the other dialects of modern Uygur, but it has been partly retained by the Lobnor dialect and the Hotan dialect spoken in the County of Guma.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2015 February 17, Michael Forsythe, “Suicide Bomber Kills Up to 8 in Xinjiang, Radio Free Asia Reports”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2015-02-19, Asia Pacific:",
"text": "Radio Free Asia reported that Friday’s attack took place in Guma County, known as Pishan in Chinese. A man who answered the telephone at the Pishan County Public Security Bureau said he had no information about the attack, and a man at the Pishan County People’s Hospital said, “We’re not allowed to answer your question, sorry.”",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020 September 9, Willem Marx, Olivia Sumrie, “Uighurs accuse China of mass detention, torture in landmark complaint”, in NBC News, archived from the original on 2020-09-09:",
"text": "Among those who told NBC News they were detained was Omer, who was born in Guma County, a predominantly Uighur part of Xinjiang region. He said his ordeal began in 2017 when he was arrested at the airport in Urumqi, Xinjiang’s capital and largest city, after returning from Egypt where he had been working for six months as a chef.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2020 August 21, Asim Kashgarian, “China Video Ad Calls for 100 Uighur Women to ‘Urgently’ Marry Han Men”, in Voice of America, archived from the original on 2021-09-29:",
"text": "In a January article on the Chinese site NetEase, Mau Tao, a CCP official in Guma county of southern Xinjiang, said that “religious extremism” was behind the lack of ethnic unity between Uighurs and Han Chinese. He said that 2000 and 2010 national censuses showed that Xinjiang had the lowest rate of interethnic marriage among ethnic minorities.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2021 February 17, Abliz Sadiq, “The Facts Are Facts. They Shouldn’t Be Distorted”, in Cheng Li, editor, Tianshannet, archived from the original on 2022-09-09:",
"text": "In 2019, I was dispatched to work in Fanghuiju team in Azghanbagh village, Muji Town, Guma County of Hotan Prefecture. There I witnessed the unprecedented changes happened in southern Xinjiang villages.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of Pishan"
],
"links": [
[
"Pishan",
"Pishan#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "Pishan"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Places in China",
"en:Places in Xinjiang",
"en:Towns in China",
"en:Towns in Xinjiang"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1984, Peter Hopkirk, Foreign Devils on the Silk Road, John Murray, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 77:",
"text": "He started by asking the elders and officials whether they knew of the discovery of any old books in the desert around Guma. Nobody had. Of the list of sites which Islam Akhun had included in his itinerary published by Hoernle, only two were known to them. As both lay close to Guma, Stein rode out to inspect them.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A town in Pishan, Hotan prefecture, Xinjiang, China."
],
"links": [
[
"Pishan",
"Pishan#English"
],
[
"Hotan",
"Hotan#English"
],
[
"Xinjiang",
"Xinjiang#English"
],
[
"China",
"China#English"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "go͞omäʹ"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "county in Hotan, Xinjiang, China; town in Pishan, Hotan, Xinjiang, China",
"word": "固瑪"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "Gùmǎ",
"sense": "county in Hotan, Xinjiang, China; town in Pishan, Hotan, Xinjiang, China",
"word": "固玛"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "guma",
"sense": "county in Hotan, Xinjiang, China; town in Pishan, Hotan, Xinjiang, China",
"word": "گۇما"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Guma",
"U.S. Army Topographic Command"
],
"word": "Guma"
}
Download raw JSONL data for Guma meaning in All languages combined (5.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.