See Dark Ages on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for Dark Ages meaning in All languages combined (7.9kB)
{
"etymology_text": "The phrase appears in writing of the English Reformation by Richard Sibbes (1620) and by George Abbot (1624), the archbishop of Canterbury. Both authors use it to refer to the period of papal supremacy before the Reformation. The earliest citation in Oxford English Dictionary is dated 1687. Use is specific to English therefore not likely to be from Latin.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "the Dark Ages",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"def": "1",
"head": "Dark Ages"
},
"expansion": "the Dark Ages",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2001 December 29, Gene Wolfe, “The Best Introduction to the Mountains”, in David Pringle, editor, Interzone, number 174, →ISSN, page 49",
"text": "There is one very real sense in which the Dark Ages were the brightest of times, and it is this: that they were times of defined and definite duties and freedoms.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The period of European history encompassing (roughly) 476–1000 CE."
],
"id": "en-Dark_Ages-en-name-ZshPikZE",
"links": [
[
"European",
"European"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(see usage notes) The period of European history encompassing (roughly) 476–1000 CE."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Early Middle Ages"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Ancient Greece",
"orig": "en:Ancient Greece",
"parents": [
"Ancient Europe",
"Ancient Near East",
"History of Greece",
"Ancient history",
"History of Europe",
"Ancient Asia",
"Greece",
"History of Asia",
"History",
"Europe",
"Asia",
"All topics",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "6 31 1 1 32 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The Greek Dark Ages (c. 1100–750 BCE)."
],
"id": "en-Dark_Ages-en-name-8rtw6O0E",
"links": [
[
"Ancient Greece",
"Ancient Greece"
]
],
"qualifier": "Ancient Greece",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Ancient Greece) The Greek Dark Ages (c. 1100–750 BCE)."
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The dark ages of Cambodia (c. 1450–1863)."
],
"id": "en-Dark_Ages-en-name-eKhjh602"
},
{
"glosses": [
"The dark ages of Laos (c. 1707–1893)."
],
"id": "en-Dark_Ages-en-name-Fk6j1iqv"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Astronomy",
"orig": "en:Astronomy",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"Space",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "6 31 1 1 32 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The Dark Ages, 380 thousand to about 1 billion years after the Big Bang."
],
"id": "en-Dark_Ages-en-name-h4RnNy9M",
"links": [
[
"astronomy",
"astronomy"
],
[
"Big Bang",
"Big Bang"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(astronomy) The Dark Ages, 380 thousand to about 1 billion years after the Big Bang."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "14 20 6 6 33 22",
"sense": "obsolete except archaic",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "darke ages"
}
],
"topics": [
"astronomy",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 31 1 1 32 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 20 2 2 23 43",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Historical periods",
"orig": "en:Historical periods",
"parents": [
"History",
"Timekeeping",
"All topics",
"Time",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 5 2 2 10 77",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Time",
"orig": "en:Time",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1992, Steven Davis, Connectionism: Theory and Practice, Oxford University Press, page 84",
"text": "It is clear that many linguists view connectionism as a revival of the radical empiricist approach that dominated the dark ages in psychology—the behaviourist era.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2000 March 6, Network World, volume 17, number 10, page 49",
"text": "Yes, DSL is a better, faster and less expensive way to access the Internet. Unfortunately, it's saddled with back-office systems that belong in the Dark Ages and politics that may require regulatory oversight.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2001, Lawrence Lessig, The future of ideas: the fate of the commons in a connected world, archived from the original on 2013-03-29, page 104",
"text": "Put yourself back in the dark ages, the time before the Internet took off–say, the 1970s–and ask: What was the environment for creativity then?",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2017, BioWare, Mass Effect: Andromeda (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →OCLC, PC, scene: Angara: Lost Colony Worlds Codex entry",
"text": "The Scourge disaster sent angaran civilization into a dark age. Records of their golden era of technological advancement and proliferation through space only survived as oral history, making it difficult to separate truth from legend. Nevertheless, angara believe they had colonized numerous planets across the cluster before the Scourge's devastation left them cut off from each other for centuries.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2019 June 14, Taylor Swift, Joel Little (lyrics and music), “You Need to Calm Down”, in Lover, performed by Taylor Swift",
"text": "Sunshine on the street at the parade / But you would rather be in the dark ages / Making that sign / Must've taken all night",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any relatively primitive period of time."
],
"id": "en-Dark_Ages-en-name-oDuan83e",
"links": [
[
"primitive",
"primitive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) Any relatively primitive period of time."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 2 5 69",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "al-ʕuṣūru l-muẓlimatu",
"sense": "historic period",
"word": "اَلْعُصُورُ الْمُظْلِمَةُ"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 2 5 69",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "historic period",
"word": "siècles obscurs"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 2 5 69",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "historic period",
"word": "Dunkle Jahrhunderte"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 2 5 69",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "historic period",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "das finstere Mittelalter"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 2 5 69",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "historic period",
"word": "sötét középkor"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 2 5 69",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "historic period",
"word": "tenebro-epoko"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 2 5 69",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "historic period",
"word": "Zaman Kegelapan"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 2 5 69",
"alt": "あんこくじだい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ankoku jidai",
"sense": "historic period",
"word": "暗黒時代"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 2 5 69",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "historic period",
"word": "saeculum obscurum"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 2 5 69",
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "historic period",
"word": "Zaman Kelam"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 2 5 69",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "historic period",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "wieki ciemne"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 2 5 69",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "historic period",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Idade das Trevas"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 2 5 69",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "historic period",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "Na Lintean Dorcha"
},
{
"_dis1": "19 3 2 2 5 69",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "historic period",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Edad Oscura"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdɑːˌkeɪd͡ʒɪz/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "3 41 2 3 42 9",
"tags": [
"singular"
],
"word": "Dark Age"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 41 2 3 42 9",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "dark Ages"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 41 2 3 42 9",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "dark ages"
}
],
"word": "Dark Ages"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 3-syllable words",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English multiword terms",
"English proper nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English uncountable nouns",
"en:Historical periods",
"en:Time"
],
"etymology_text": "The phrase appears in writing of the English Reformation by Richard Sibbes (1620) and by George Abbot (1624), the archbishop of Canterbury. Both authors use it to refer to the period of papal supremacy before the Reformation. The earliest citation in Oxford English Dictionary is dated 1687. Use is specific to English therefore not likely to be from Latin.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "the Dark Ages",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"def": "1",
"head": "Dark Ages"
},
"expansion": "the Dark Ages",
"name": "en-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2001 December 29, Gene Wolfe, “The Best Introduction to the Mountains”, in David Pringle, editor, Interzone, number 174, →ISSN, page 49",
"text": "There is one very real sense in which the Dark Ages were the brightest of times, and it is this: that they were times of defined and definite duties and freedoms.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The period of European history encompassing (roughly) 476–1000 CE."
],
"links": [
[
"European",
"European"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(see usage notes) The period of European history encompassing (roughly) 476–1000 CE."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "Early Middle Ages"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Ancient Greece"
],
"glosses": [
"The Greek Dark Ages (c. 1100–750 BCE)."
],
"links": [
[
"Ancient Greece",
"Ancient Greece"
]
],
"qualifier": "Ancient Greece",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Ancient Greece) The Greek Dark Ages (c. 1100–750 BCE)."
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The dark ages of Cambodia (c. 1450–1863)."
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"The dark ages of Laos (c. 1707–1893)."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Astronomy"
],
"glosses": [
"The Dark Ages, 380 thousand to about 1 billion years after the Big Bang."
],
"links": [
[
"astronomy",
"astronomy"
],
[
"Big Bang",
"Big Bang"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(astronomy) The Dark Ages, 380 thousand to about 1 billion years after the Big Bang."
],
"topics": [
"astronomy",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1992, Steven Davis, Connectionism: Theory and Practice, Oxford University Press, page 84",
"text": "It is clear that many linguists view connectionism as a revival of the radical empiricist approach that dominated the dark ages in psychology—the behaviourist era.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2000 March 6, Network World, volume 17, number 10, page 49",
"text": "Yes, DSL is a better, faster and less expensive way to access the Internet. Unfortunately, it's saddled with back-office systems that belong in the Dark Ages and politics that may require regulatory oversight.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2001, Lawrence Lessig, The future of ideas: the fate of the commons in a connected world, archived from the original on 2013-03-29, page 104",
"text": "Put yourself back in the dark ages, the time before the Internet took off–say, the 1970s–and ask: What was the environment for creativity then?",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2017, BioWare, Mass Effect: Andromeda (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →OCLC, PC, scene: Angara: Lost Colony Worlds Codex entry",
"text": "The Scourge disaster sent angaran civilization into a dark age. Records of their golden era of technological advancement and proliferation through space only survived as oral history, making it difficult to separate truth from legend. Nevertheless, angara believe they had colonized numerous planets across the cluster before the Scourge's devastation left them cut off from each other for centuries.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2019 June 14, Taylor Swift, Joel Little (lyrics and music), “You Need to Calm Down”, in Lover, performed by Taylor Swift",
"text": "Sunshine on the street at the parade / But you would rather be in the dark ages / Making that sign / Must've taken all night",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any relatively primitive period of time."
],
"links": [
[
"primitive",
"primitive"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) Any relatively primitive period of time."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdɑːˌkeɪd͡ʒɪz/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"singular"
],
"word": "Dark Age"
},
{
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "dark Ages"
},
{
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "dark ages"
},
{
"sense": "obsolete except archaic",
"tags": [
"plural"
],
"word": "darke ages"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "al-ʕuṣūru l-muẓlimatu",
"sense": "historic period",
"word": "اَلْعُصُورُ الْمُظْلِمَةُ"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "historic period",
"word": "siècles obscurs"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "historic period",
"word": "Dunkle Jahrhunderte"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "historic period",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "das finstere Mittelalter"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "historic period",
"word": "sötét középkor"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "historic period",
"word": "tenebro-epoko"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "historic period",
"word": "Zaman Kegelapan"
},
{
"alt": "あんこくじだい",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "ankoku jidai",
"sense": "historic period",
"word": "暗黒時代"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "historic period",
"word": "saeculum obscurum"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "historic period",
"word": "Zaman Kelam"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "historic period",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "wieki ciemne"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "historic period",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Idade das Trevas"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "historic period",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"plural"
],
"word": "Na Lintean Dorcha"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "historic period",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Edad Oscura"
}
],
"word": "Dark Ages"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.