See C̬.qɯjꟲ on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northern Tai"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "skb",
"2": "ไกฺ"
},
"expansion": "Saek: ไกฺ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saek: ไกฺ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"2": "haex"
},
"expansion": "Zhuang: haex",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Zhuang: haex"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southwestern Tai"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "ขี้"
},
"expansion": "Thai: ขี้ (kîi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Thai: ขี้ (kîi)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nod",
"2": "ᨡᩦ᩶"
},
"expansion": "Northern Thai: ᨡᩦ᩶",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Thai: ᨡᩦ᩶"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lo",
"2": "ຂີ້"
},
"expansion": "Lao: ຂີ້ (khī)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lao: ຂີ້ (khī)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "khb",
"2": "ᦃᦲᧉ"
},
"expansion": "Lü: ᦃᦲᧉ (ẋii²)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lü: ᦃᦲᧉ (ẋii²)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "shn",
"2": "ၶီႈ"
},
"expansion": "Shan: ၶီႈ (khīi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shan: ၶီႈ (khīi)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aho",
"2": "𑜁𑜣"
},
"expansion": "Ahom: 𑜁𑜣 (khī)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ahom: 𑜁𑜣 (khī)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "map-pro",
"2": "*Caqi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *Caqi",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pwn",
"2": "tsaqi"
},
"expansion": "Paiwan tsaqi",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "tahi"
},
"expansion": "Malay tahi",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mg",
"2": "tay"
},
"expansion": "Malagasy tay",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "屎",
"gloss": "excrement",
"tr": "shǐ"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 屎 (shǐ, “excrement”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "ขี้"
},
"expansion": "Thai ขี้ (kîi)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "屎",
"tr": "śi"
},
"expansion": "屎 (MC śi)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "och",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Chinese",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "屎",
"tr": "qhji'"
},
"expansion": "屎 (OC qhji')",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "𡲢",
"3": "",
"4": "poop",
"tr": "ke¹"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese 𡲢 (ke¹, “poop”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "ขี้"
},
"expansion": "Thai ขี้ (kîi)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "atb",
"2": "kʰji²¹"
},
"expansion": "Zaiwa kʰji²¹",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "my",
"2": "ချေး",
"3": "",
"4": "shit"
},
"expansion": "Burmese ချေး (hkye:, “shit”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lsi",
"2": "kʰjei⁵⁵"
},
"expansion": "Lashi kʰjei⁵⁵",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "swi",
"2": "ggeex"
},
"expansion": "Sui ggeex",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "qfa-kra-pro",
"2": "*kaiꟲ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Kra *kaiꟲ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "qfa-lic-pro",
"2": "*ɦaːjʔ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hlai *ɦaːjʔ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The Proto-Tai form *C̬.qɯjꟲ was reconstructed by Pittayaporn (2009).\nPossibly cognate with Proto-Austronesian *Caqi (whence Paiwan tsaqi, Malay tahi, Malagasy tay).\nAlso possibly cognate with Chinese 屎 (shǐ, “excrement”); Thai ขี้ (kîi) (a descendant of *C̬.qɯjꟲ) was considered cognate with Middle Chinese 屎 (MC śi) by Manomaivibool (1975) and Old Chinese 屎 (OC qhji') by Gong (2002).\nBauer (1996) pointed out that khV (\"excrement\") is quite widespread in Cantonese 𡲢 (ke¹, “poop”), Tai (e.g. Thai ขี้ (kîi)) and Tibeto-Burman (e.g. Zaiwa kʰji²¹, Burmese ချေး (hkye:, “shit”) and Lashi kʰjei⁵⁵) in focusing on modern lexical forms instead of proto forms. Paul Benedict criticized that the lexical forms Bauer had pulled together as the \"same\" word were really just \"looklike\". Bauer rebutted that it is highly unlikely that the phenomenon of simple coincidence explains the occurrence of so many phonosemantically similar (and identical) forms in so many different languages.\nCompare Sui ggeex, Proto-Kra *kaiꟲ and Proto-Hlai *ɦaːjʔ (whence haːj³ in most modern dialects).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tai-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*C̬.qɯjꟲ",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Tai",
"lang_code": "tai-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Tai/C̬.qɯjꟲ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cantonese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Tai entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"excrement"
],
"id": "en-C̬.qɯjꟲ-tai-pro-noun-re3anJVC",
"links": [
[
"excrement",
"excrement"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "C̬.qɯjꟲ"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northern Tai"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "skb",
"2": "ไกฺ"
},
"expansion": "Saek: ไกฺ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saek: ไกฺ"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"2": "haex"
},
"expansion": "Zhuang: haex",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Zhuang: haex"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southwestern Tai"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "ขี้"
},
"expansion": "Thai: ขี้ (kîi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Thai: ขี้ (kîi)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nod",
"2": "ᨡᩦ᩶"
},
"expansion": "Northern Thai: ᨡᩦ᩶",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Thai: ᨡᩦ᩶"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lo",
"2": "ຂີ້"
},
"expansion": "Lao: ຂີ້ (khī)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lao: ຂີ້ (khī)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "khb",
"2": "ᦃᦲᧉ"
},
"expansion": "Lü: ᦃᦲᧉ (ẋii²)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lü: ᦃᦲᧉ (ẋii²)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "shn",
"2": "ၶီႈ"
},
"expansion": "Shan: ၶီႈ (khīi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shan: ၶီႈ (khīi)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aho",
"2": "𑜁𑜣"
},
"expansion": "Ahom: 𑜁𑜣 (khī)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ahom: 𑜁𑜣 (khī)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "map-pro",
"2": "*Caqi"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Austronesian *Caqi",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pwn",
"2": "tsaqi"
},
"expansion": "Paiwan tsaqi",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "tahi"
},
"expansion": "Malay tahi",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mg",
"2": "tay"
},
"expansion": "Malagasy tay",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "屎",
"gloss": "excrement",
"tr": "shǐ"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 屎 (shǐ, “excrement”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "ขี้"
},
"expansion": "Thai ขี้ (kîi)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ltc",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "屎",
"tr": "śi"
},
"expansion": "屎 (MC śi)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "och",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Chinese",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "屎",
"tr": "qhji'"
},
"expansion": "屎 (OC qhji')",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "𡲢",
"3": "",
"4": "poop",
"tr": "ke¹"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese 𡲢 (ke¹, “poop”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "ขี้"
},
"expansion": "Thai ขี้ (kîi)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "atb",
"2": "kʰji²¹"
},
"expansion": "Zaiwa kʰji²¹",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "my",
"2": "ချေး",
"3": "",
"4": "shit"
},
"expansion": "Burmese ချေး (hkye:, “shit”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lsi",
"2": "kʰjei⁵⁵"
},
"expansion": "Lashi kʰjei⁵⁵",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "swi",
"2": "ggeex"
},
"expansion": "Sui ggeex",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "qfa-kra-pro",
"2": "*kaiꟲ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Kra *kaiꟲ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "qfa-lic-pro",
"2": "*ɦaːjʔ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hlai *ɦaːjʔ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The Proto-Tai form *C̬.qɯjꟲ was reconstructed by Pittayaporn (2009).\nPossibly cognate with Proto-Austronesian *Caqi (whence Paiwan tsaqi, Malay tahi, Malagasy tay).\nAlso possibly cognate with Chinese 屎 (shǐ, “excrement”); Thai ขี้ (kîi) (a descendant of *C̬.qɯjꟲ) was considered cognate with Middle Chinese 屎 (MC śi) by Manomaivibool (1975) and Old Chinese 屎 (OC qhji') by Gong (2002).\nBauer (1996) pointed out that khV (\"excrement\") is quite widespread in Cantonese 𡲢 (ke¹, “poop”), Tai (e.g. Thai ขี้ (kîi)) and Tibeto-Burman (e.g. Zaiwa kʰji²¹, Burmese ချေး (hkye:, “shit”) and Lashi kʰjei⁵⁵) in focusing on modern lexical forms instead of proto forms. Paul Benedict criticized that the lexical forms Bauer had pulled together as the \"same\" word were really just \"looklike\". Bauer rebutted that it is highly unlikely that the phenomenon of simple coincidence explains the occurrence of so many phonosemantically similar (and identical) forms in so many different languages.\nCompare Sui ggeex, Proto-Kra *kaiꟲ and Proto-Hlai *ɦaːjʔ (whence haːj³ in most modern dialects).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tai-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*C̬.qɯjꟲ",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Tai",
"lang_code": "tai-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Tai/C̬.qɯjꟲ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Tai entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Tai lemmas",
"Proto-Tai nouns",
"tai-pro:Feces"
],
"glosses": [
"excrement"
],
"links": [
[
"excrement",
"excrement"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "C̬.qɯjꟲ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for C̬.qɯjꟲ meaning in All languages combined (4.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-07-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-07-01 using wiktextract (45c4a21 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.