See 苦労 on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 苦労 meaning in All languages combined (15.3kB)
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "苦労",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"労",
"ろう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "kurau",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "くらう",
"roman": "kurau",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "くろう",
"hhira": "くらう"
},
"expansion": "苦(く)労(ろう) • (kurō) ^(←くらう (kurau)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 4 21 26 21 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"toil, hardship"
],
"id": "en-苦労-ja-noun-mpn54q50",
"links": [
[
"toil",
"toil"
],
[
"hardship",
"hardship"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 4 21 26 21 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"worry, anxiety"
],
"id": "en-苦労-ja-noun-eZBxPYnw",
"links": [
[
"worry",
"worry"
],
[
"anxiety",
"anxiety"
]
]
}
],
"word": "苦労"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "苦労",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"労",
"ろう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "kurau",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労な",
"roman": "kurō na",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"労",
"ろう"
]
],
"tags": [
"adnominal"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労に",
"roman": "kurō ni",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"労",
"ろう"
]
],
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労だろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうだろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō daro",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労だ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうだ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō da",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労な",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうな",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労なら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうなら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō nara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労であれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうであれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō de are",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労ではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労じゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうじゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō de wa nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō ja nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労だった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうだった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō datta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労ではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労じゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうじゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō de wa nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō ja nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労です",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労ではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労じゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうじゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō de wa arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō ja arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労でした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労ではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労じゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうじゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō de wa arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō ja arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労なら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうなら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō nara (ba)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労だったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうだったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō dattara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労だろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうだろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō darō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労に",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうに",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō ni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労さ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうさ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "kurōsa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "くろう",
"hhira": "くらう",
"infl": "na"
},
"expansion": "苦(く)労(ろう) • (kurō) ^(←くらう (kurau)?)-na (adnominal 苦(く)労(ろう)な (kurō na), adverbial 苦(く)労(ろう)に (kurō ni))",
"name": "ja-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"adverbial": ". に",
"attributive": ". な",
"conditional": ". なら（ば）",
"conjunctive": ". で",
"continuative": ". で",
"degree": "さ",
"formal": ". です",
"formal_negative": ". で は ありません",
"formal_negative2": ". じゃ ありません",
"formal_negative_past": ". で は ありません でした",
"formal_negative_past2": ". じゃ ありません でした",
"formal_past": ". でした",
"hypothetical": ". なら",
"imperative": ". で あれ",
"imperfective": ". だろ",
"informal_negative": ". で は ない",
"informal_negative2": ". じゃ ない",
"informal_negative_past": ". で は なかった",
"informal_negative_past2": ". じゃ なかった",
"informal_past": ". だった",
"kana": "くろう",
"lemma": "苦労",
"provisional": ". だったら",
"terminal": ". だ",
"volitional": ". だろう"
},
"name": "ja-adj-infl"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "64 3 7 11 6 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "60 4 9 11 7 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "59 4 9 11 7 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "59 4 9 13 7 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "59 4 9 11 7 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"toilsome, painstaking"
],
"id": "en-苦労-ja-adj-uQA92vsT",
"links": [
[
"toilsome",
"toilsome"
],
[
"painstaking",
"painstaking"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"worrisome"
],
"id": "en-苦労-ja-adj-y2b8l5kq",
"links": [
[
"worrisome",
"worrisome"
]
]
}
],
"word": "苦労"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "Thanks for your hard work!",
"roman": "gokurōsama",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"労",
"ろう"
],
[
"様",
"さま"
]
],
"word": "ご苦労様"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "苦労する",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"労",
"ろう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "kurau",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労し",
"roman": "kurō shi",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"労",
"ろう"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労した",
"roman": "kurō shita",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"労",
"ろう"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 4 21 26 21 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It takes forever for them to understand.",
"roman": "Wakaraseru noni kurō shite iru.",
"ruby": [
[
"分",
"わ"
],
[
"苦労",
"くろう"
]
],
"text": "分からせるのに苦労している。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to toil, to work hard"
],
"id": "en-苦労-ja-verb--v8iG96-"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 4 21 26 21 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to worry"
],
"id": "en-苦労-ja-verb-YhZ3OYEY"
}
],
"word": "苦労"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Japanese な-na adjectives"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "苦労",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"労",
"ろう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "kurau",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "くらう",
"roman": "kurau",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "くろう",
"hhira": "くらう"
},
"expansion": "苦(く)労(ろう) • (kurō) ^(←くらう (kurau)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"toil, hardship"
],
"links": [
[
"toil",
"toil"
],
[
"hardship",
"hardship"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"worry, anxiety"
],
"links": [
[
"worry",
"worry"
],
[
"anxiety",
"anxiety"
]
]
}
],
"word": "苦労"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Japanese な-na adjectives"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "苦労",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"労",
"ろう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "kurau",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労な",
"roman": "kurō na",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"労",
"ろう"
]
],
"tags": [
"adnominal"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労に",
"roman": "kurō ni",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"労",
"ろう"
]
],
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労だろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうだろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō daro",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労だ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうだ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō da",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労な",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうな",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労なら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうなら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō nara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労であれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうであれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō de are",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労ではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労じゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうじゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō de wa nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō ja nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労だった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうだった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō datta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労ではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労じゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうじゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō de wa nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō ja nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労です",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労ではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労じゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうじゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō de wa arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō ja arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労でした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労ではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労じゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうじゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō de wa arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō ja arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労なら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうなら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō nara (ba)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労だったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうだったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō dattara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労だろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうだろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō darō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労に",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうに",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō ni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労さ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうさ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "kurōsa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "くろう",
"hhira": "くらう",
"infl": "na"
},
"expansion": "苦(く)労(ろう) • (kurō) ^(←くらう (kurau)?)-na (adnominal 苦(く)労(ろう)な (kurō na), adverbial 苦(く)労(ろう)に (kurō ni))",
"name": "ja-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"adverbial": ". に",
"attributive": ". な",
"conditional": ". なら（ば）",
"conjunctive": ". で",
"continuative": ". で",
"degree": "さ",
"formal": ". です",
"formal_negative": ". で は ありません",
"formal_negative2": ". じゃ ありません",
"formal_negative_past": ". で は ありません でした",
"formal_negative_past2": ". じゃ ありません でした",
"formal_past": ". でした",
"hypothetical": ". なら",
"imperative": ". で あれ",
"imperfective": ". だろ",
"informal_negative": ". で は ない",
"informal_negative2": ". じゃ ない",
"informal_negative_past": ". で は なかった",
"informal_negative_past2": ". じゃ なかった",
"informal_past": ". だった",
"kana": "くろう",
"lemma": "苦労",
"provisional": ". だったら",
"terminal": ". だ",
"volitional": ". だろう"
},
"name": "ja-adj-infl"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"toilsome, painstaking"
],
"links": [
[
"toilsome",
"toilsome"
],
[
"painstaking",
"painstaking"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"worrisome"
],
"links": [
[
"worrisome",
"worrisome"
]
]
}
],
"word": "苦労"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Japanese な-na adjectives"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "Thanks for your hard work!",
"roman": "gokurōsama",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"労",
"ろう"
],
[
"様",
"さま"
]
],
"word": "ご苦労様"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "苦労する",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"労",
"ろう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "kurau",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労し",
"roman": "kurō shi",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"労",
"ろう"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労した",
"roman": "kurō shita",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"労",
"ろう"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "苦労すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "くろうすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "kurō sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "It takes forever for them to understand.",
"roman": "Wakaraseru noni kurō shite iru.",
"ruby": [
[
"分",
"わ"
],
[
"苦労",
"くろう"
]
],
"text": "分からせるのに苦労している。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to toil, to work hard"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to worry"
]
}
],
"word": "苦労"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.