See 挑戦 on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 挑戦 meaning in All languages combined (8.7kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "challenger",
"roman": "chōsensha",
"ruby": [
[
"挑",
"ちょう"
],
[
"戦者",
"せんしゃ"
]
],
"word": "挑戦者"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "挑戦",
"ruby": [
[
"挑",
"ちょう"
],
[
"戦",
"せん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "teusen",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "てうせん",
"roman": "teusen",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ちょうせん",
"hhira": "てうせん"
},
"expansion": "挑(ちょう)戦(せん) • (chōsen) ^(←てうせん (teusen)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "challenge from a newcomer",
"roman": "shinzanmono kara no chōsen",
"ruby": [
[
"新参者",
"しんざんもの"
],
[
"挑",
"ちょう"
],
[
"戦",
"せん"
]
],
"text": "新参者からの挑戦"
}
],
"glosses": [
"challenge (against authority or a higher-ranked person)"
],
"id": "en-挑戦-ja-noun-OHDnOeWA",
"links": [
[
"challenge",
"challenge"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "first time trying one's hand at being a voice actor",
"roman": "seiyū hatsu-chōsen／seiyū ni hatsu-chōsen",
"ruby": [
[
"声優初",
"せいゆうはつ"
],
[
"挑",
"ちょう"
],
[
"戦",
"せん"
],
[
"声優",
"せいゆう"
],
[
"初",
"はつ"
],
[
"挑",
"ちょう"
],
[
"戦",
"せん"
]
],
"text": "声優初挑戦／声優に初挑戦"
}
],
"glosses": [
"try at something"
],
"id": "en-挑戦-ja-noun-khuguVV~",
"links": [
[
"try",
"try"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) try at something"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ちょーせん"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕo̞ːsẽ̞ɴ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "charenji",
"word": "チャレンジ"
}
],
"word": "挑戦"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "挑戦する",
"ruby": [
[
"挑",
"ちょう"
],
[
"戦",
"せん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦し",
"roman": "chōsen shi",
"ruby": [
[
"挑",
"ちょう"
],
[
"戦",
"せん"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦した",
"roman": "chōsen shita",
"ruby": [
[
"挑",
"ちょう"
],
[
"戦",
"せん"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ちょうせんし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ちょうせんする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ちょうせんすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "ちょうせんせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "ちょうせんしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "ちょうせんされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ちょうせんさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ちょうせんさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "ちょうせんできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "ちょうせんしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ちょうせんしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ちょうせんせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "ちょうせんします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "ちょうせんした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ちょうせんして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "ちょうせんすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to challenge"
],
"id": "en-挑戦-ja-verb-OdIc6exv",
"links": [
[
"challenge",
"challenge"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 1 12 59",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 2 14 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 2 14 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 2 19 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 3 15 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "30 5 25 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Even if I try my hand at making sweets,\nI always end up burning them and never give them to you",
"ref": "2009, “恋はきっと急上昇☆”, のぼる↑ (lyrics)",
"roman": "itsumo kogashite watasezu jimai",
"ruby": [
[
"菓子作",
"かしつく"
],
[
"挑戦",
"ちょうせん"
],
[
"焦",
"こ"
],
[
"渡",
"わた"
]
],
"text": "お菓子作りに 挑戦しても\nいつも焦がして 渡せずじまい\nokashi-tsukuri ni chōsen shite mo"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to take on the challenge of doing something (especially something one has not done before); to try; to try one's hand at"
],
"id": "en-挑戦-ja-verb-gWGTYnOb",
"links": [
[
"take",
"take"
],
[
"challenge",
"challenge"
],
[
"do",
"do"
],
[
"something",
"something"
],
[
"try",
"try"
],
[
"try one's hand",
"try one's hand"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) to take on the challenge of doing something (especially something one has not done before); to try; to try one's hand at"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ちょーせん"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕo̞ːsẽ̞ɴ]"
}
],
"word": "挑戦"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "challenger",
"roman": "chōsensha",
"ruby": [
[
"挑",
"ちょう"
],
[
"戦者",
"せんしゃ"
]
],
"word": "挑戦者"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "挑戦",
"ruby": [
[
"挑",
"ちょう"
],
[
"戦",
"せん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "teusen",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "てうせん",
"roman": "teusen",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ちょうせん",
"hhira": "てうせん"
},
"expansion": "挑(ちょう)戦(せん) • (chōsen) ^(←てうせん (teusen)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "challenge from a newcomer",
"roman": "shinzanmono kara no chōsen",
"ruby": [
[
"新参者",
"しんざんもの"
],
[
"挑",
"ちょう"
],
[
"戦",
"せん"
]
],
"text": "新参者からの挑戦"
}
],
"glosses": [
"challenge (against authority or a higher-ranked person)"
],
"links": [
[
"challenge",
"challenge"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "first time trying one's hand at being a voice actor",
"roman": "seiyū hatsu-chōsen／seiyū ni hatsu-chōsen",
"ruby": [
[
"声優初",
"せいゆうはつ"
],
[
"挑",
"ちょう"
],
[
"戦",
"せん"
],
[
"声優",
"せいゆう"
],
[
"初",
"はつ"
],
[
"挑",
"ちょう"
],
[
"戦",
"せん"
]
],
"text": "声優初挑戦／声優に初挑戦"
}
],
"glosses": [
"try at something"
],
"links": [
[
"try",
"try"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) try at something"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ちょーせん"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕo̞ːsẽ̞ɴ]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "charenji",
"word": "チャレンジ"
}
],
"word": "挑戦"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with fourth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "挑戦する",
"ruby": [
[
"挑",
"ちょう"
],
[
"戦",
"せん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦し",
"roman": "chōsen shi",
"ruby": [
[
"挑",
"ちょう"
],
[
"戦",
"せん"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦した",
"roman": "chōsen shita",
"ruby": [
[
"挑",
"ちょう"
],
[
"戦",
"せん"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ちょうせんし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ちょうせんする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "ちょうせんすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "ちょうせんせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "ちょうせんしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "ちょうせんされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ちょうせんさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "ちょうせんさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "ちょうせんできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "ちょうせんしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ちょうせんしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "ちょうせんせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "ちょうせんします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "ちょうせんした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "ちょうせんして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "挑戦すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "ちょうせんすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "chōsen sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to challenge"
],
"links": [
[
"challenge",
"challenge"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Even if I try my hand at making sweets,\nI always end up burning them and never give them to you",
"ref": "2009, “恋はきっと急上昇☆”, のぼる↑ (lyrics)",
"roman": "itsumo kogashite watasezu jimai",
"ruby": [
[
"菓子作",
"かしつく"
],
[
"挑戦",
"ちょうせん"
],
[
"焦",
"こ"
],
[
"渡",
"わた"
]
],
"text": "お菓子作りに 挑戦しても\nいつも焦がして 渡せずじまい\nokashi-tsukuri ni chōsen shite mo"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to take on the challenge of doing something (especially something one has not done before); to try; to try one's hand at"
],
"links": [
[
"take",
"take"
],
[
"challenge",
"challenge"
],
[
"do",
"do"
],
[
"something",
"something"
],
[
"try",
"try"
],
[
"try one's hand",
"try one's hand"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figuratively) to take on the challenge of doing something (especially something one has not done before); to try; to try one's hand at"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "ちょーせん"
},
{
"ipa": "[t͡ɕo̞ːsẽ̞ɴ]"
}
],
"word": "挑戦"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"挑戦"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "挑戦",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"挑戦"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "挑戦",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"挑戦"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "挑戦",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"挑戦"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "挑戦",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"挑戦"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "挑戦",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"挑戦"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "挑戦",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"挑戦"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "挑戦",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"挑戦"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "挑戦",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.