See 安敦 on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_examples": [
{
"english": "In the ninth year of the Yanxi era of Emperor Huan of Han (166 C.E.), the king of Daqin (Rome) Andun sent an embassy from the frontiers of Rinan offering elephant tusks, rhinoceros horns, turtle shells […]",
"raw_tags": [
"Literary Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " The Book of the Later Han, circa 5ᵗʰ century CE",
"roman": "zhì Huándì Yán Xī jiǔ nián, Dàqín wáng Āndūn qiǎnshǐ zì Rìnán jiào wài xiàn xiàngyá, xījiǎo, dàimào",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "至桓帝延熹九年，大秦王安敦遣使自日南徼外獻象牙、犀角、玳瑁",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "In the ninth year of the Yanxi era of Emperor Huan of Han (166 C.E.), the king of Daqin (Rome) Andun sent an embassy from the frontiers of Rinan offering elephant tusks, rhinoceros horns, turtle shells […]",
"raw_tags": [
"Literary Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " The Book of the Later Han, circa 5ᵗʰ century CE",
"roman": "zhì Huándì Yán Xī jiǔ nián, Dàqín wáng Āndūn qiǎnshǐ zì Rìnán jiào wài xiàn xiàngyá, xījiǎo, dàimào",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "至桓帝延熹九年，大秦王安敦遣使自日南徼外献象牙、犀角、玳瑁",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "Unclear"
},
"expansion": "Unclear",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Pulleyblank, 1999"
},
"expansion": "Pulleyblank, 1999",
"name": "zh-ref"
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"args": {
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"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
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"args": {},
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{
"args": {
"1": "Baxter and Sagart, 2014"
},
"expansion": "Baxter and Sagart, 2014",
"name": "zh-ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unclear.\nGenerally believed to be a corrupted form of the name of one of the Antonines (Pulleyblank, 1999). According to the Hou Hanshu, in 166 CE an embassy from Rome supposedly arrived in China via what is now modern Vietnam:\nThe exact identity of this figure is disputed and the details about the embassy reported in the Hou Hanshu are quite controversial. The hypothesis that the name Andun was referred to Antoninus Pius is often rejected by most historians, mainly because he died several years before 166 C.E. (Clements, 2014). Therefore, is generally believed to be one of his successors, most likely Marcus Aurelius (Baxter and Sagart, 2014).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "安敦",
"name": "head"
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],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese terms with uncertain meaning",
"parents": [
"Terms with uncertain meaning",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include"
],
"id": "en-安敦-zh-name-~Mwf1bvk",
"raw_glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese terms with uncertain meaning",
"parents": [
"Terms with uncertain meaning",
"Terms by usage"
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"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "43 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 59",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 67",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 82",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Individuals",
"orig": "zh:Individuals",
"parents": [
"People",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:",
"Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus, Roman emperor (121–180 C.E.)"
],
"id": "en-安敦-zh-name-12ukBb2E"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Āndūn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄢ ㄉㄨㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "on¹ deon¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "Āndūn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Andun"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "An¹-tun¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "Ān-dwūn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "Anduen"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "Аньдунь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "Anʹdunʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀän⁵⁵ tu̯ən⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "ōn dēun"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "on¹ doen¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "on¹ dên¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɔːn⁵⁵ tɵn⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "'an twon"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*[ʔ]ˤa[n] tˤur/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*qaːn tuːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀän⁵⁵ tu̯ən⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɔːn⁵⁵ tɵn⁵⁵/"
},
{
"other": "[ʔ]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "/*qaːn tuːn/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Antoninus Pius",
"Daqin",
"Emperor Huan of Han",
"Hou Hanshu",
"Marcus Aurelius",
"Nerva–Antonine dynasty",
"Rinan"
],
"word": "安敦"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese proper nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 安",
"Chinese terms spelled with 敦",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese terms with unknown etymologies",
"Literary Chinese terms with quotations",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Middle Chinese proper nouns",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese proper nouns",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"zh:Individuals"
],
"etymology_examples": [
{
"english": "In the ninth year of the Yanxi era of Emperor Huan of Han (166 C.E.), the king of Daqin (Rome) Andun sent an embassy from the frontiers of Rinan offering elephant tusks, rhinoceros horns, turtle shells […]",
"raw_tags": [
"Literary Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"ref": " The Book of the Later Han, circa 5ᵗʰ century CE",
"roman": "zhì Huándì Yán Xī jiǔ nián, Dàqín wáng Āndūn qiǎnshǐ zì Rìnán jiào wài xiàn xiàngyá, xījiǎo, dàimào",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "至桓帝延熹九年，大秦王安敦遣使自日南徼外獻象牙、犀角、玳瑁",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "In the ninth year of the Yanxi era of Emperor Huan of Han (166 C.E.), the king of Daqin (Rome) Andun sent an embassy from the frontiers of Rinan offering elephant tusks, rhinoceros horns, turtle shells […]",
"raw_tags": [
"Literary Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"ref": " The Book of the Later Han, circa 5ᵗʰ century CE",
"roman": "zhì Huándì Yán Xī jiǔ nián, Dàqín wáng Āndūn qiǎnshǐ zì Rìnán jiào wài xiàn xiàngyá, xījiǎo, dàimào",
"tags": [
"Pinyin"
],
"text": "至桓帝延熹九年，大秦王安敦遣使自日南徼外献象牙、犀角、玳瑁",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
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"2": "Unclear"
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"name": "unk"
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"args": {
"1": "Baxter and Sagart, 2014"
},
"expansion": "Baxter and Sagart, 2014",
"name": "zh-ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unclear.\nGenerally believed to be a corrupted form of the name of one of the Antonines (Pulleyblank, 1999). According to the Hou Hanshu, in 166 CE an embassy from Rome supposedly arrived in China via what is now modern Vietnam:\nThe exact identity of this figure is disputed and the details about the embassy reported in the Hou Hanshu are quite controversial. The hypothesis that the name Andun was referred to Antoninus Pius is often rejected by most historians, mainly because he died several years before 166 C.E. (Clements, 2014). Therefore, is generally believed to be one of his successors, most likely Marcus Aurelius (Baxter and Sagart, 2014).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "安敦",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chinese terms with uncertain meaning"
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include"
],
"raw_glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese terms with uncertain meaning"
],
"glosses": [
"The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:",
"Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus, Roman emperor (121–180 C.E.)"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Āndūn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄢ ㄉㄨㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "on¹ deon¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "Āndūn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "Andun"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "An¹-tun¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "Ān-dwūn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "Anduen"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "Аньдунь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "Anʹdunʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀän⁵⁵ tu̯ən⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "ōn dēun"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "on¹ doen¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "on¹ dên¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɔːn⁵⁵ tɵn⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "'an twon"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*[ʔ]ˤa[n] tˤur/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*qaːn tuːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀän⁵⁵ tu̯ən⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɔːn⁵⁵ tɵn⁵⁵/"
},
{
"other": "[ʔ]"
},
{
"other": "[n]"
},
{
"other": "/*qaːn tuːn/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Antoninus Pius",
"Daqin",
"Emperor Huan of Han",
"Hou Hanshu",
"Marcus Aurelius",
"Nerva–Antonine dynasty",
"Rinan"
],
"word": "安敦"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 安敦 meaning in All languages combined (4.9kB)
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"安敦"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "安敦",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"安敦"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "安敦",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.