"九真" meaning in All languages combined

See 九真 on Wiktionary

Proper name [Chinese]

IPA: /t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA, standard], /kɐu̯³⁵ t͡sɐn⁵⁵/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/, /kɐu̯³⁵ t͡sɐn⁵⁵/ Chinese transliterations: Jiǔzhēn [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄓㄣ [Mandarin, bopomofo], gau² zan¹ [Cantonese, Jyutping], Jiǔzhēn [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin, standard], ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄓㄣ [Mandarin, bopomofo, standard], Jiǒujhen [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin, standard], Chiu³-chên¹ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles, standard], Jyǒu-jēn [Mandarin, Yale, standard], Jeoujen [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin, standard], Цзючжэнь [Mandarin, Palladius, standard], Czjučžɛnʹ [Mandarin, Palladius, standard], gáu jān [Cantonese, Yale], gau² dzan¹ [Cantonese, Pinyin], geo² zen¹ [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], kjuwX tsyin [Middle-Chinese], /*[k]uʔ ti[n]/ [Baxter-Sagart, Old-Chinese], /*kuʔ ʔljin/ [Old-Chinese, Zhengzhang]
Etymology: Ferlus (2012b) and Pain (2020) propose that 九真 (OC kuˀ-cin) transcribed *k.cin, a local autonym which is reflected in Puoc [script needed] (ksiːŋ muːl) & Thavung [script needed] (ktiːŋ²) meaning "human being, people", the latter from Proto-Vietic *kciːŋ, which consists of prefix *k- and *ciɲ (“leg, foot”); thus, "human beings" are "(those who are) on foot, those who stand on their feet." Pain further suggests that "Cửu Chân might therefore have been inhabited by some ancestors of the Southern Vietic Thavung - Aheu." Etymology templates: {{zh-ref|Ferlus (2012b)}} Ferlus (2012b), {{zh-ref|Pain (2020)}} Pain (2020), {{och-l|九真|tr=kuˀ-cin}} 九真 (OC kuˀ-cin), {{cog|puo|tr=ksiːŋ muːl}} Puoc [script needed] (ksiːŋ muːl), {{cog|thm|tr=ktiːŋ²}} Thavung [script needed] (ktiːŋ²), {{cog|mkh-vie-pro|*kciːŋ}} Proto-Vietic *kciːŋ Head templates: {{head|zh|proper noun}} 九真
  1. (~郡) Jiuzhen (an ancient commandery of China; located in modern-day Vietnam) Categories (place): Places in China, Places in Vietnam
    Sense id: en-九真-zh-name-4ItMACv~ Disambiguation of Places in Vietnam: 83 17 Categories (other): Former political divisions
  2. (~鎮) Jiuzhen (a town in Tianmen, Hubei, China) Categories (place): Places in China, Places in Hubei, China, Towns in China, Towns in Hubei, China
    Sense id: en-九真-zh-name-HzMRPinP Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 39 61 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 41 59 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 37 63

Proper name [Vietnamese]

Head templates: {{head|vi|proper noun|head=|tr=}} 九真, {{vi-proper noun|sc=Hani}} 九真
  1. chữ Hán form of Cửu Chân (“Jiuzhen Commandery”).
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Ferlus (2012b)"
      },
      "expansion": "Ferlus (2012b)",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Pain (2020)"
      },
      "expansion": "Pain (2020)",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "九真",
        "tr": "kuˀ-cin"
      },
      "expansion": "九真 (OC kuˀ-cin)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "puo",
        "tr": "ksiːŋ muːl"
      },
      "expansion": "Puoc [script needed] (ksiːŋ muːl)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "thm",
        "tr": "ktiːŋ²"
      },
      "expansion": "Thavung [script needed] (ktiːŋ²)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mkh-vie-pro",
        "2": "*kciːŋ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Vietic *kciːŋ",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Ferlus (2012b) and Pain (2020) propose that 九真 (OC kuˀ-cin) transcribed *k.cin, a local autonym which is reflected in Puoc [script needed] (ksiːŋ muːl) & Thavung [script needed] (ktiːŋ²) meaning \"human being, people\", the latter from Proto-Vietic *kciːŋ, which consists of prefix *k- and *ciɲ (“leg, foot”); thus, \"human beings\" are \"(those who are) on foot, those who stand on their feet.\"\nPain further suggests that \"Cửu Chân might therefore have been inhabited by some ancestors of the Southern Vietic Thavung - Aheu.\"",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "proper noun"
      },
      "expansion": "九真",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Former political divisions",
          "orig": "zh:Former political divisions",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Places in China",
          "orig": "zh:Places in China",
          "parents": [
            "Places"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "83 17",
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Places in Vietnam",
          "orig": "zh:Places in Vietnam",
          "parents": [
            "Places"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Jiuzhen (an ancient commandery of China; located in modern-day Vietnam)"
      ],
      "id": "en-九真-zh-name-4ItMACv~",
      "links": [
        [
          "郡",
          "郡#Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "Jiuzhen",
          "Jiuzhen#English"
        ],
        [
          "commandery",
          "commandery"
        ],
        [
          "China",
          "China#English"
        ],
        [
          "Vietnam",
          "Vietnam"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(~郡) Jiuzhen (an ancient commandery of China; located in modern-day Vietnam)"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Places in China",
          "orig": "zh:Places in China",
          "parents": [
            "Places"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Places in Hubei, China",
          "orig": "zh:Places in Hubei, China",
          "parents": [
            "Places"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Towns in China",
          "orig": "zh:Towns in China",
          "parents": [
            "Towns",
            "Places"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "place",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Towns in Hubei, China",
          "orig": "zh:Towns in Hubei, China",
          "parents": [
            "Towns",
            "Places"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "39 61",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "41 59",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 63",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Jiuzhen (a town in Tianmen, Hubei, China)"
      ],
      "id": "en-九真-zh-name-HzMRPinP",
      "links": [
        [
          "鎮",
          "鎮#Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "Jiuzhen",
          "Jiuzhen#English"
        ],
        [
          "town",
          "town"
        ],
        [
          "Tianmen",
          "Tianmen#English"
        ],
        [
          "Hubei",
          "Hubei#English"
        ],
        [
          "China",
          "China#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(~鎮) Jiuzhen (a town in Tianmen, Hubei, China)"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Jiǔzhēn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄓㄣ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gau² zan¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Jiǔzhēn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄓㄣ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Jiǒujhen"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Chiu³-chên¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Jyǒu-jēn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Jeoujen"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Цзючжэнь"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Czjučžɛnʹ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gáu jān"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gau² dzan¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "geo² zen¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɐu̯³⁵ t͡sɐn⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kjuwX tsyin"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*[k]uʔ ti[n]/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*kuʔ ʔljin/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɐu̯³⁵ t͡sɐn⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "other": "[k]"
    },
    {
      "other": "[n]"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*kuʔ ʔljin/"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Cửu Chân"
  ],
  "word": "九真"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "proper noun",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "九真",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "sc": "Hani"
      },
      "expansion": "九真",
      "name": "vi-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "chữ Hán form of Cửu Chân (“Jiuzhen Commandery”)."
      ],
      "id": "en-九真-vi-name-PFY~sdQj",
      "links": [
        [
          "chữ Hán",
          "chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
        ],
        [
          "Cửu Chân",
          "Cửu Chân#Vietnamese:_九真"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "九真"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese proper nouns",
    "Chinese terms spelled with 九",
    "Chinese terms spelled with 真",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Middle Chinese lemmas",
    "Middle Chinese proper nouns",
    "Old Chinese lemmas",
    "Old Chinese proper nouns",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Requests for native script for Puoc terms",
    "Requests for native script for Thavung terms",
    "zh:Places in Vietnam"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Ferlus (2012b)"
      },
      "expansion": "Ferlus (2012b)",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Pain (2020)"
      },
      "expansion": "Pain (2020)",
      "name": "zh-ref"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "九真",
        "tr": "kuˀ-cin"
      },
      "expansion": "九真 (OC kuˀ-cin)",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "puo",
        "tr": "ksiːŋ muːl"
      },
      "expansion": "Puoc [script needed] (ksiːŋ muːl)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "thm",
        "tr": "ktiːŋ²"
      },
      "expansion": "Thavung [script needed] (ktiːŋ²)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mkh-vie-pro",
        "2": "*kciːŋ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Vietic *kciːŋ",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Ferlus (2012b) and Pain (2020) propose that 九真 (OC kuˀ-cin) transcribed *k.cin, a local autonym which is reflected in Puoc [script needed] (ksiːŋ muːl) & Thavung [script needed] (ktiːŋ²) meaning \"human being, people\", the latter from Proto-Vietic *kciːŋ, which consists of prefix *k- and *ciɲ (“leg, foot”); thus, \"human beings\" are \"(those who are) on foot, those who stand on their feet.\"\nPain further suggests that \"Cửu Chân might therefore have been inhabited by some ancestors of the Southern Vietic Thavung - Aheu.\"",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zh",
        "2": "proper noun"
      },
      "expansion": "九真",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "zh:Former political divisions",
        "zh:Places in China"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Jiuzhen (an ancient commandery of China; located in modern-day Vietnam)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "郡",
          "郡#Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "Jiuzhen",
          "Jiuzhen#English"
        ],
        [
          "commandery",
          "commandery"
        ],
        [
          "China",
          "China#English"
        ],
        [
          "Vietnam",
          "Vietnam"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(~郡) Jiuzhen (an ancient commandery of China; located in modern-day Vietnam)"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "zh:Places in China",
        "zh:Places in Hubei, China",
        "zh:Towns in China",
        "zh:Towns in Hubei, China"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Jiuzhen (a town in Tianmen, Hubei, China)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "鎮",
          "鎮#Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "Jiuzhen",
          "Jiuzhen#English"
        ],
        [
          "town",
          "town"
        ],
        [
          "Tianmen",
          "Tianmen#English"
        ],
        [
          "Hubei",
          "Hubei#English"
        ],
        [
          "China",
          "China#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(~鎮) Jiuzhen (a town in Tianmen, Hubei, China)"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Jiǔzhēn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄓㄣ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gau² zan¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Jiǔzhēn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄡˇ ㄓㄣ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Jiǒujhen"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Chiu³-chên¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Jyǒu-jēn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Jeoujen"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Цзючжэнь"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius",
        "standard"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "Czjučžɛnʹ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "standard"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gáu jān"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "gau² dzan¹"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "geo² zen¹"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɐu̯³⁵ t͡sɐn⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "kjuwX tsyin"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Baxter-Sagart",
        "Old-Chinese"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*[k]uʔ ti[n]/"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Old-Chinese",
        "Zhengzhang"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/*kuʔ ʔljin/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂən⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɐu̯³⁵ t͡sɐn⁵⁵/"
    },
    {
      "other": "[k]"
    },
    {
      "other": "[n]"
    },
    {
      "other": "/*kuʔ ʔljin/"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Cửu Chân"
  ],
  "word": "九真"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "proper noun",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "九真",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "sc": "Hani"
      },
      "expansion": "九真",
      "name": "vi-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
        "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Vietnamese lemmas",
        "Vietnamese proper nouns",
        "Vietnamese proper nouns in Han script"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "chữ Hán form of Cửu Chân (“Jiuzhen Commandery”)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "chữ Hán",
          "chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
        ],
        [
          "Cửu Chân",
          "Cửu Chân#Vietnamese:_九真"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "九真"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 九真 meaning in All languages combined (4.9kB)

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "九真"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "九真",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ~郡",
  "path": [
    "九真"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "proper noun",
  "title": "九真",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ~郡",
  "path": [
    "九真"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "proper noun",
  "title": "九真",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ~鎮",
  "path": [
    "九真"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "proper noun",
  "title": "九真",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ~鎮",
  "path": [
    "九真"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "proper noun",
  "title": "九真",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.