"ブラック" meaning in All languages combined

See ブラック on Wiktionary

Adjective [Japanese]

IPA: [bɯ̟ᵝɾa̠k̚kɯ̟ᵝ] Forms: burakku [romanization]
Etymology: Borrowed from English black. Etymology templates: {{glossary|loanword|Borrowed}} Borrowed, {{bor|ja|en|black|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} English black, {{bor+|ja|en|black}} Borrowed from English black Head templates: {{ja-adj}} ブラック • (burakku)
  1. brutal, in the style of a ブラック企業 (burakku kigyō, literally “black company”)
    Sense id: en-ブラック-ja-adj-af19d0-d Categories (other): Japanese katakana Disambiguation of Japanese katakana: 12 12 22 24 15 16

Noun [Japanese]

IPA: [bɯ̟ᵝɾa̠k̚kɯ̟ᵝ] Forms: burakku [romanization]
Etymology: Borrowed from English black. Etymology templates: {{glossary|loanword|Borrowed}} Borrowed, {{bor|ja|en|black|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} English black, {{bor+|ja|en|black}} Borrowed from English black Head templates: {{ja-noun}} ブラック • (burakku)
  1. black (color) Synonyms: 黒い
    Sense id: en-ブラック-ja-noun-Z4W5Xj69 Categories (other): Japanese katakana Disambiguation of Japanese katakana: 12 12 22 24 15 16
  2. a black (person), black people (member of any of various ethnic groups typically having dark skin) Synonyms: 黒人
    Sense id: en-ブラック-ja-noun-kfAYerl9 Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese katakana, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 3 1 44 40 4 8 Disambiguation of Japanese katakana: 12 12 22 24 15 16 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 4 2 51 32 5 7 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 4 2 49 35 4 6
  3. Ellipsis of ブラックコーヒー (burakku kōhī, “black coffee”). Tags: abbreviation, alt-of, ellipsis Alternative form of: ブラックコーヒー (extra: burakku kōhī, “black coffee”)
    Sense id: en-ブラック-ja-noun-11E2OdrJ Categories (other): Japanese ellipses, Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese katakana Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 3 1 44 40 4 8 Disambiguation of Japanese katakana: 12 12 22 24 15 16
  4. Ellipsis of ブラック企業 (burakku kigyō, “exploitative company”, literally “black company”). Tags: abbreviation, alt-of, ellipsis Alternative form of: ブラック企業 (extra: burakku kigyō, “exploitative company”, literally “black company”)
    Sense id: en-ブラック-ja-noun-3Qv7OfLj Categories (other): Japanese ellipses, Japanese katakana Disambiguation of Japanese katakana: 12 12 22 24 15 16
  5. (finance, business) Ellipsis of ブラックリスト (burakkurisuto, literally “blacklist”). Tags: abbreviation, alt-of, ellipsis Alternative form of: ブラックリスト (extra: burakkurisuto, literally “blacklist”) Categories (topical): Business, Finance
    Sense id: en-ブラック-ja-noun-nT4cuZ2Q Categories (other): Japanese ellipses, Japanese katakana Disambiguation of Japanese katakana: 12 12 22 24 15 16 Topics: business, finance
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: ブラック校則 (burakku kōsoku) (ruby: (こう), (そく)), ブラック部活 (burakku bukatsu) (ruby: (), (かつ))

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for ブラック meaning in All languages combined (11.0kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "burakku kōsoku",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "校",
          "こう"
        ],
        [
          "則",
          "そく"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "ブラック校則"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "burakku bukatsu",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "部",
          "ぶ"
        ],
        [
          "活",
          "かつ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "ブラック部活"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "loanword",
        "2": "Borrowed"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "en",
        "3": "black",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "English black",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "en",
        "3": "black"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from English black",
      "name": "bor+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from English black.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "burakku",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ブラック • (burakku)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "12 12 22 24 15 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese katakana",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "black (color)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ブラック-ja-noun-Z4W5Xj69",
      "links": [
        [
          "black",
          "black"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "黒い"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "3 1 44 40 4 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 12 22 24 15 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese katakana",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 2 51 32 5 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 2 49 35 4 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "It’s like Dionne Farris says in her song “Human”: Before I am Black I am human. Because I am Black I am human. I think that both of these seemingly contradictory phrases are important to keep in mind.",
          "ref": "1995, Tsuji Shin'ichi, Buraku myūjikku saeareba [As long as there is Black music], page 218",
          "roman": "Sō ieba Dionnu Farisu mo “Hyūman” to iu uta no naka de kon na fū ni itteita nā. Burakku de aru mae ni watashi wa hyūman. Burakku de aru kara watashi wa hyūman. Kono ikken mujun shita futatsu no furēzu no ryōhō o boku mo daiji ni shiteikitai to omotteiru.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "歌",
              "うた"
            ],
            [
              "中",
              "なか"
            ],
            [
              "言",
              "い"
            ],
            [
              "前",
              "まえ"
            ],
            [
              "一",
              "いっ"
            ],
            [
              "見",
              "けん"
            ],
            [
              "矛",
              "む"
            ],
            [
              "盾",
              "じゅん"
            ],
            [
              "両",
              "りょう"
            ],
            [
              "方",
              "ほう"
            ],
            [
              "大",
              "だい"
            ],
            [
              "事",
              "じ"
            ],
            [
              "思",
              "おも"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "そういえばディオンヌ・ファリスも「ヒューマン」という歌の中でこんなふうに言っていたなあ。ブラックである前にわたしはヒューマン。ブラックであるからわたしはヒューマン。この一見矛盾したふたつのフレーズの両方をぼくも大事にしていきたいと思っている。"
        },
        {
          "english": "In this way there is a direct connection with racial discrimination between “black” and “white”. For Naosuke Ii, the Tokugawa clan and its executive retainers were “white”, and all other Japanese people were “black”.",
          "ref": "2008, Kobayashi Shin'ichi, Buraku? Howaito? [Black? White?], page 167",
          "roman": "Kono hashi o matomeruto, “burakku” to “howaito” no jinrui sabetsu ni chokketsu suru. Ī Naosuke ni totte, Tokugawa-ke to sono shikkō kikan koso ga “howaito” de ari, sore igai no subete no Nihonjin wa kotogotoku “burakku” nano de atta.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "橋",
              "はし"
            ],
            [
              "人",
              "じん"
            ],
            [
              "類",
              "るい"
            ],
            [
              "差",
              "さ"
            ],
            [
              "別",
              "べつ"
            ],
            [
              "直",
              "ちょっ"
            ],
            [
              "結",
              "けつ"
            ],
            [
              "井",
              "い"
            ],
            [
              "伊",
              "い"
            ],
            [
              "直",
              "なお"
            ],
            [
              "弼",
              "すけ"
            ],
            [
              "徳",
              "とく"
            ],
            [
              "川",
              "がわ"
            ],
            [
              "家",
              "け"
            ],
            [
              "執",
              "しっ"
            ],
            [
              "行",
              "こう"
            ],
            [
              "機",
              "き"
            ],
            [
              "関",
              "かん"
            ],
            [
              "以",
              "い"
            ],
            [
              "外",
              "がい"
            ],
            [
              "日",
              "に"
            ],
            [
              "本",
              "ほん"
            ],
            [
              "人",
              "じん"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "この橋をまとめると、「ブラック」と「ホワイト」の人類差別に直結する。井伊直弼にとって、徳川家とその執行機関こそが「ホワイト」であり、それ以外のすべての日本人はことごとく「ブラック」なのであった。"
        },
        {
          "english": "the republican nationalism of France’s Jacobins, the emancipatory nationalism of Haiti’s “Black Jacobins” who universalized the French Revolution, the romantic nationalism that swept Central and Eastern Europe during the 1848 revolution",
          "ref": "2022, Jie-Hyun Lim, translated by Sawada Katsumi, Giseisha ishiki nashonarizumu: kokkyō o koeru ‘kioku’ no sensō [Victimhood nationalism: ‘memory’ of the war across borders], translation of Victimhood Nationalism",
          "roman": "Furansu Jakoban-ha no kyōwa shugiteki minzoku shugi, Furansu kakumei o fuhenka shita 1791-nen no Haichi “Burakku Jakoban” no kaihō minzoku shugi, 1848-nen kakumei tōji no chūtōō o sekken shita minzokuteki roman shugi",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "派",
              "は"
            ],
            [
              "共",
              "きょう"
            ],
            [
              "和",
              "わ"
            ],
            [
              "主",
              "しゅ"
            ],
            [
              "義",
              "ぎ"
            ],
            [
              "的",
              "てき"
            ],
            [
              "民",
              "みん"
            ],
            [
              "族",
              "ぞく"
            ],
            [
              "主",
              "しゅ"
            ],
            [
              "義",
              "ぎ"
            ],
            [
              "革",
              "かく"
            ],
            [
              "命",
              "めい"
            ],
            [
              "普",
              "ふ"
            ],
            [
              "遍",
              "へん"
            ],
            [
              "化",
              "か"
            ],
            [
              "年",
              "ねん"
            ],
            [
              "解",
              "かい"
            ],
            [
              "放",
              "ほう"
            ],
            [
              "民",
              "みん"
            ],
            [
              "族",
              "ぞく"
            ],
            [
              "主",
              "しゅ"
            ],
            [
              "義",
              "ぎ"
            ],
            [
              "年",
              "ねん"
            ],
            [
              "革",
              "かく"
            ],
            [
              "命",
              "めい"
            ],
            [
              "当",
              "とう"
            ],
            [
              "時",
              "じ"
            ],
            [
              "中",
              "ちゅう"
            ],
            [
              "東",
              "とう"
            ],
            [
              "欧",
              "おう"
            ],
            [
              "席",
              "せっ"
            ],
            [
              "巻",
              "けん"
            ],
            [
              "民",
              "みん"
            ],
            [
              "族",
              "ぞく"
            ],
            [
              "的",
              "てき"
            ],
            [
              "主",
              "しゅ"
            ],
            [
              "義",
              "ぎ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "フランスジャコバン派の共和主義的民族主義、フランス革命を普遍化した 1791年のハイチ「ブラック・ジャコバン」の解放民族主義、 1848年革命当時の中東欧を席巻した民族的ロマン主義"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a black (person), black people (member of any of various ethnic groups typically having dark skin)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ブラック-ja-noun-kfAYerl9",
      "links": [
        [
          "black",
          "black#English:_ethnic"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "黒人"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "burakku kōhī, “black coffee”",
          "word": "ブラックコーヒー"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese ellipses",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 1 44 40 4 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 12 22 24 15 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese katakana",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Black, please.",
          "roman": "Burakku de o-negaishimasu.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "願",
              "ねが"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "ブラックでお願いします。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Ellipsis of ブラックコーヒー (burakku kōhī, “black coffee”)."
      ],
      "id": "en-ブラック-ja-noun-11E2OdrJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "ブラックコーヒー",
          "ブラックコーヒー#Japanese"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of",
        "ellipsis"
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "burakku kigyō, “exploitative company”, literally “black company”",
          "word": "ブラック企業"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese ellipses",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 12 22 24 15 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese katakana",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "work for an exploitative employer",
          "roman": "burakku ni shūshoku suru",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "就",
              "しゅう"
            ],
            [
              "職",
              "しょく"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "ブラックに就職する"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Ellipsis of ブラック企業 (burakku kigyō, “exploitative company”, literally “black company”)."
      ],
      "id": "en-ブラック-ja-noun-3Qv7OfLj",
      "links": [
        [
          "ブラック企業",
          "ブラック企業#Japanese"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of",
        "ellipsis"
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "burakkurisuto, literally “blacklist”",
          "word": "ブラックリスト"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese ellipses",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Business",
          "orig": "ja:Business",
          "parents": [
            "Economics",
            "Society",
            "Social sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Sciences",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "ja",
          "name": "Finance",
          "orig": "ja:Finance",
          "parents": [
            "Business",
            "Economics",
            "Society",
            "Social sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Sciences",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 12 22 24 15 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese katakana",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "携帯ブラックhttps://dot.asahi.com/dot/2020021900050.html?page=1",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "携",
              "けい"
            ],
            [
              "帯",
              "たい"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "keitai burakku\ncellphone blacklist → blacklisted by the industry and unable to sign up for new cellphone contracts"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Ellipsis of ブラックリスト (burakkurisuto, literally “blacklist”)."
      ],
      "id": "en-ブラック-ja-noun-nT4cuZ2Q",
      "links": [
        [
          "finance",
          "finance#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "business",
          "business"
        ],
        [
          "ブラックリスト",
          "ブラックリスト#Japanese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(finance, business) Ellipsis of ブラックリスト (burakkurisuto, literally “blacklist”)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of",
        "ellipsis"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "business",
        "finance"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "ブラック"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[bɯ̟ᵝɾa̠k̚kɯ̟ᵝ]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Daijisen#Online_search_engines",
    "ja:ブラック"
  ],
  "word": "ブラック"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "loanword",
        "2": "Borrowed"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "en",
        "3": "black",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "English black",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "en",
        "3": "black"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from English black",
      "name": "bor+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from English black.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "burakku",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ブラック • (burakku)",
      "name": "ja-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "12 12 22 24 15 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese katakana",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "miserable working conditions",
          "roman": "burakku na rōdō kankyō",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "労",
              "ろう"
            ],
            [
              "働",
              "どう"
            ],
            [
              "環",
              "かん"
            ],
            [
              "境",
              "きょう"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "ブラックな労働環境"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "brutal, in the style of a ブラック企業 (burakku kigyō, literally “black company”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ブラック-ja-adj-af19d0-d",
      "links": [
        [
          "brutal",
          "brutal"
        ],
        [
          "ブラック企業",
          "ブラック企業#Japanese"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "ブラック"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[bɯ̟ᵝɾa̠k̚kɯ̟ᵝ]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Daijisen#Online_search_engines",
    "ja:ブラック"
  ],
  "word": "ブラック"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese adjectives",
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese katakana",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese terms borrowed from English",
    "Japanese terms derived from English",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "burakku kōsoku",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "校",
          "こう"
        ],
        [
          "則",
          "そく"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "ブラック校則"
    },
    {
      "roman": "burakku bukatsu",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "部",
          "ぶ"
        ],
        [
          "活",
          "かつ"
        ]
      ],
      "word": "ブラック部活"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "loanword",
        "2": "Borrowed"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "en",
        "3": "black",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "English black",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "en",
        "3": "black"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from English black",
      "name": "bor+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from English black.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "burakku",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ブラック • (burakku)",
      "name": "ja-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "black (color)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "black",
          "black"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "黒い"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "It’s like Dionne Farris says in her song “Human”: Before I am Black I am human. Because I am Black I am human. I think that both of these seemingly contradictory phrases are important to keep in mind.",
          "ref": "1995, Tsuji Shin'ichi, Buraku myūjikku saeareba [As long as there is Black music], page 218",
          "roman": "Sō ieba Dionnu Farisu mo “Hyūman” to iu uta no naka de kon na fū ni itteita nā. Burakku de aru mae ni watashi wa hyūman. Burakku de aru kara watashi wa hyūman. Kono ikken mujun shita futatsu no furēzu no ryōhō o boku mo daiji ni shiteikitai to omotteiru.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "歌",
              "うた"
            ],
            [
              "中",
              "なか"
            ],
            [
              "言",
              "い"
            ],
            [
              "前",
              "まえ"
            ],
            [
              "一",
              "いっ"
            ],
            [
              "見",
              "けん"
            ],
            [
              "矛",
              "む"
            ],
            [
              "盾",
              "じゅん"
            ],
            [
              "両",
              "りょう"
            ],
            [
              "方",
              "ほう"
            ],
            [
              "大",
              "だい"
            ],
            [
              "事",
              "じ"
            ],
            [
              "思",
              "おも"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "そういえばディオンヌ・ファリスも「ヒューマン」という歌の中でこんなふうに言っていたなあ。ブラックである前にわたしはヒューマン。ブラックであるからわたしはヒューマン。この一見矛盾したふたつのフレーズの両方をぼくも大事にしていきたいと思っている。"
        },
        {
          "english": "In this way there is a direct connection with racial discrimination between “black” and “white”. For Naosuke Ii, the Tokugawa clan and its executive retainers were “white”, and all other Japanese people were “black”.",
          "ref": "2008, Kobayashi Shin'ichi, Buraku? Howaito? [Black? White?], page 167",
          "roman": "Kono hashi o matomeruto, “burakku” to “howaito” no jinrui sabetsu ni chokketsu suru. Ī Naosuke ni totte, Tokugawa-ke to sono shikkō kikan koso ga “howaito” de ari, sore igai no subete no Nihonjin wa kotogotoku “burakku” nano de atta.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "橋",
              "はし"
            ],
            [
              "人",
              "じん"
            ],
            [
              "類",
              "るい"
            ],
            [
              "差",
              "さ"
            ],
            [
              "別",
              "べつ"
            ],
            [
              "直",
              "ちょっ"
            ],
            [
              "結",
              "けつ"
            ],
            [
              "井",
              "い"
            ],
            [
              "伊",
              "い"
            ],
            [
              "直",
              "なお"
            ],
            [
              "弼",
              "すけ"
            ],
            [
              "徳",
              "とく"
            ],
            [
              "川",
              "がわ"
            ],
            [
              "家",
              "け"
            ],
            [
              "執",
              "しっ"
            ],
            [
              "行",
              "こう"
            ],
            [
              "機",
              "き"
            ],
            [
              "関",
              "かん"
            ],
            [
              "以",
              "い"
            ],
            [
              "外",
              "がい"
            ],
            [
              "日",
              "に"
            ],
            [
              "本",
              "ほん"
            ],
            [
              "人",
              "じん"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "この橋をまとめると、「ブラック」と「ホワイト」の人類差別に直結する。井伊直弼にとって、徳川家とその執行機関こそが「ホワイト」であり、それ以外のすべての日本人はことごとく「ブラック」なのであった。"
        },
        {
          "english": "the republican nationalism of France’s Jacobins, the emancipatory nationalism of Haiti’s “Black Jacobins” who universalized the French Revolution, the romantic nationalism that swept Central and Eastern Europe during the 1848 revolution",
          "ref": "2022, Jie-Hyun Lim, translated by Sawada Katsumi, Giseisha ishiki nashonarizumu: kokkyō o koeru ‘kioku’ no sensō [Victimhood nationalism: ‘memory’ of the war across borders], translation of Victimhood Nationalism",
          "roman": "Furansu Jakoban-ha no kyōwa shugiteki minzoku shugi, Furansu kakumei o fuhenka shita 1791-nen no Haichi “Burakku Jakoban” no kaihō minzoku shugi, 1848-nen kakumei tōji no chūtōō o sekken shita minzokuteki roman shugi",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "派",
              "は"
            ],
            [
              "共",
              "きょう"
            ],
            [
              "和",
              "わ"
            ],
            [
              "主",
              "しゅ"
            ],
            [
              "義",
              "ぎ"
            ],
            [
              "的",
              "てき"
            ],
            [
              "民",
              "みん"
            ],
            [
              "族",
              "ぞく"
            ],
            [
              "主",
              "しゅ"
            ],
            [
              "義",
              "ぎ"
            ],
            [
              "革",
              "かく"
            ],
            [
              "命",
              "めい"
            ],
            [
              "普",
              "ふ"
            ],
            [
              "遍",
              "へん"
            ],
            [
              "化",
              "か"
            ],
            [
              "年",
              "ねん"
            ],
            [
              "解",
              "かい"
            ],
            [
              "放",
              "ほう"
            ],
            [
              "民",
              "みん"
            ],
            [
              "族",
              "ぞく"
            ],
            [
              "主",
              "しゅ"
            ],
            [
              "義",
              "ぎ"
            ],
            [
              "年",
              "ねん"
            ],
            [
              "革",
              "かく"
            ],
            [
              "命",
              "めい"
            ],
            [
              "当",
              "とう"
            ],
            [
              "時",
              "じ"
            ],
            [
              "中",
              "ちゅう"
            ],
            [
              "東",
              "とう"
            ],
            [
              "欧",
              "おう"
            ],
            [
              "席",
              "せっ"
            ],
            [
              "巻",
              "けん"
            ],
            [
              "民",
              "みん"
            ],
            [
              "族",
              "ぞく"
            ],
            [
              "的",
              "てき"
            ],
            [
              "主",
              "しゅ"
            ],
            [
              "義",
              "ぎ"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "フランスジャコバン派の共和主義的民族主義、フランス革命を普遍化した 1791年のハイチ「ブラック・ジャコバン」の解放民族主義、 1848年革命当時の中東欧を席巻した民族的ロマン主義"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a black (person), black people (member of any of various ethnic groups typically having dark skin)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "black",
          "black#English:_ethnic"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "黒人"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "burakku kōhī, “black coffee”",
          "word": "ブラックコーヒー"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Japanese ellipses",
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Black, please.",
          "roman": "Burakku de o-negaishimasu.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "願",
              "ねが"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "ブラックでお願いします。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Ellipsis of ブラックコーヒー (burakku kōhī, “black coffee”)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ブラックコーヒー",
          "ブラックコーヒー#Japanese"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of",
        "ellipsis"
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "burakku kigyō, “exploitative company”, literally “black company”",
          "word": "ブラック企業"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Japanese ellipses",
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "work for an exploitative employer",
          "roman": "burakku ni shūshoku suru",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "就",
              "しゅう"
            ],
            [
              "職",
              "しょく"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "ブラックに就職する"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Ellipsis of ブラック企業 (burakku kigyō, “exploitative company”, literally “black company”)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ブラック企業",
          "ブラック企業#Japanese"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of",
        "ellipsis"
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "extra": "burakkurisuto, literally “blacklist”",
          "word": "ブラックリスト"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Japanese ellipses",
        "Japanese terms with usage examples",
        "ja:Business",
        "ja:Finance"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "携帯ブラックhttps://dot.asahi.com/dot/2020021900050.html?page=1",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "携",
              "けい"
            ],
            [
              "帯",
              "たい"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "keitai burakku\ncellphone blacklist → blacklisted by the industry and unable to sign up for new cellphone contracts"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Ellipsis of ブラックリスト (burakkurisuto, literally “blacklist”)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "finance",
          "finance#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "business",
          "business"
        ],
        [
          "ブラックリスト",
          "ブラックリスト#Japanese"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(finance, business) Ellipsis of ブラックリスト (burakkurisuto, literally “blacklist”)."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of",
        "ellipsis"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "business",
        "finance"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "ブラック"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[bɯ̟ᵝɾa̠k̚kɯ̟ᵝ]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Daijisen#Online_search_engines",
    "ja:ブラック"
  ],
  "word": "ブラック"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese adjectives",
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese katakana",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese nouns",
    "Japanese terms borrowed from English",
    "Japanese terms derived from English",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "loanword",
        "2": "Borrowed"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "en",
        "3": "black",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "English black",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "en",
        "3": "black"
      },
      "expansion": "Borrowed from English black",
      "name": "bor+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from English black.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "burakku",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ブラック • (burakku)",
      "name": "ja-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "miserable working conditions",
          "roman": "burakku na rōdō kankyō",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "労",
              "ろう"
            ],
            [
              "働",
              "どう"
            ],
            [
              "環",
              "かん"
            ],
            [
              "境",
              "きょう"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "ブラックな労働環境"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "brutal, in the style of a ブラック企業 (burakku kigyō, literally “black company”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "brutal",
          "brutal"
        ],
        [
          "ブラック企業",
          "ブラック企業#Japanese"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "ブラック"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[bɯ̟ᵝɾa̠k̚kɯ̟ᵝ]"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Daijisen#Online_search_engines",
    "ja:ブラック"
  ],
  "word": "ブラック"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.