ⵜ- -ⵜ in All languages combined

IPA: /t- -t/, [θ- -θ] [Ayt-Ndhir] Forms: ⵜ- [canonical], t- -t [romanization] [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Etymology: From Proto-Berber *-t, from Proto-Afroasiatic *-t. Cognate with Kabyle t- -t. By surface analysis, ⵜ- (t-) + -ⵜ (-t). Etymology templates: {{inh|tzm|ber-pro|*-t}} Proto-Berber *-t, {{der|tzm|afa-pro|*-t}} Proto-Afroasiatic *-t, {{cog|kab|t- -t}} Kabyle t- -t, {{surf|tzm|ⵜ-|-ⵜ}} By surface analysis, ⵜ- (t-) + -ⵜ (-t)

Alternative forms

[Show JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▼] [Hide JSON for postprocessed kaikki.org data shown on this page ▲]

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tzm",
        "2": "ber-pro",
        "3": "*-t"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Berber *-t",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tzm",
        "2": "afa-pro",
        "3": "*-t"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Afroasiatic *-t",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kab",
        "2": "t- -t"
      },
      "expansion": "Kabyle t- -t",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tzm",
        "2": "ⵜ-",
        "3": "-ⵜ"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, ⵜ- (t-) + -ⵜ (-t)",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Berber *-t, from Proto-Afroasiatic *-t. Cognate with Kabyle t- -t. By surface analysis, ⵜ- (t-) + -ⵜ (-t).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ⵜ-",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "t- -t",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Central Atlas Tamazight",
  "lang_code": "tzm",
  "pos": "circumfix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "49 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "feminine circumfix"
      ],
      "id": "en-ⵜ-_-ⵜ-tzm-circumfix-x~nbt0qR",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "47 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "49 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "diminutive circumfix"
      ],
      "id": "en-ⵜ-_-ⵜ-tzm-circumfix-klGiVoxV",
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t- -t/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[θ- -θ]",
      "tags": [
        "Ayt-Ndhir"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ⵜ- -ⵜ"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages using catfix",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tzm",
        "2": "ber-pro",
        "3": "*-t"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Berber *-t",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tzm",
        "2": "afa-pro",
        "3": "*-t"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Afroasiatic *-t",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kab",
        "2": "t- -t"
      },
      "expansion": "Kabyle t- -t",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tzm",
        "2": "ⵜ-",
        "3": "-ⵜ"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, ⵜ- (t-) + -ⵜ (-t)",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Berber *-t, from Proto-Afroasiatic *-t. Cognate with Kabyle t- -t. By surface analysis, ⵜ- (t-) + -ⵜ (-t).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ⵜ-",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "t- -t",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Central Atlas Tamazight",
  "lang_code": "tzm",
  "pos": "circumfix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "feminine circumfix"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "diminutive circumfix"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t- -t/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[θ- -θ]",
      "tags": [
        "Ayt-Ndhir"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ⵜ- -ⵜ"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-11-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-11-01 using wiktextract (22806f4 and a050b89). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"ⵜ- -ⵜ" meaning in All languages combined

Circumfix [Central Atlas Tamazight]

Alternative forms