See ἐπεί on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "epā́n",
"word": "ἐπᾱ́ν"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "epeidḗ",
"word": "ἐπειδή"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "epeidḗper",
"word": "ἐπειδήπερ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "epeíper",
"word": "ἐπείπερ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "epeíte",
"word": "ἐπείτε"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From ἐπί (epí, “on”) + εἰ (ei, “if”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "epeí",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "conjunction",
"cat2": "",
"head": "ἐπεί",
"head2": ""
},
"expansion": "ἐπεί • (epeí)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ἐπεί • (epeí)",
"name": "grc-conjunction"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"after, after that, since, when"
],
"id": "en-ἐπεί-grc-conj-7BTbH~4p",
"links": [
[
"after",
"after"
],
[
"since",
"since"
],
[
"when",
"when"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of time) after, after that, since, when",
"(with indicative)",
"(of a definite occurrence in past time, mostly with aorist)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a definite occurrence in past time",
"with aorist",
"of time",
"with indicative"
],
"tags": []
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 1.2"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 7.8"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 8.68"
},
{
"text": "458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 40"
},
{
"text": "442 BCE, Sophocles, Antigone 15"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.117"
}
],
"glosses": [
"after, after that, since, when"
],
"id": "en-ἐπεί-grc-conj-7BTbH~4p1",
"links": [
[
"after",
"after"
],
[
"since",
"since"
],
[
"when",
"when"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of time) after, after that, since, when",
"(with indicative)",
"(with implied reference to some later time)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with implied reference to some later time",
"of time",
"with indicative"
],
"tags": []
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.458"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 1.1.3"
},
{
"text": "423 BCE, Aristophanes, The Clouds 1354"
},
{
"text": "413 BCE, Euripides, Iphigenia in Tauris 260"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 1.1.1"
},
{
"text": "330 BCE, Demosthenes, On the Crown 42"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 6.5.27"
}
],
"glosses": [
"after, after that, since, when"
],
"id": "en-ἐπεί-grc-conj-7BTbH~4p1",
"links": [
[
"after",
"after"
],
[
"since",
"since"
],
[
"when",
"when"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of time) after, after that, since, when",
"(with indicative)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with indicative",
"of time"
],
"tags": []
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 4.238"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 11.764"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 17.23"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.153"
},
{
"text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Eubulides 16"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 2.3.29"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 6.412"
},
{
"text": "361 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Midias 34"
}
],
"glosses": [
"after, after that, since, when"
],
"id": "en-ἐπεί-grc-conj-7BTbH~4p1",
"links": [
[
"after",
"after"
],
[
"since",
"since"
],
[
"when",
"when"
],
[
"ἄν",
"ἄν#Ancient_Greek"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of time) after, after that, since, when",
"(with subjunctive, ἄν (án) often being added)",
"(referring to future time)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"referring to future time",
"of time"
],
"tags": [
"with-subjunctive"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 11.221"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 9.409"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.34"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 20.86"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 11.478"
},
{
"text": "406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 1225"
},
{
"text": "442 BCE, Sophocles, Antigone 1025"
}
],
"glosses": [
"after, after that, since, when",
"whenever, when once"
],
"id": "en-ἐπεί-grc-conj-MtX5bJwI",
"links": [
[
"after",
"after"
],
[
"since",
"since"
],
[
"when",
"when"
],
[
"ἄν",
"ἄν#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"whenever",
"whenever"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of time) after, after that, since, when",
"(with subjunctive, ἄν (án) often being added)",
"(referring generally to any one of a number of instances, with a present apodosis of repeated action) whenever, when once"
],
"raw_tags": [
"referring generally to any one of a number of instances",
"with a present apodosis of repeated action",
"of time"
],
"tags": [
"with-subjunctive"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "425 BCE, Aristophanes, Lysistrata 1175"
},
{
"text": "414 BCE, Aristophanes, The Birds 983"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.153"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates, On Fractures 6"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 6.412"
}
],
"glosses": [
"after, after that, since, when"
],
"id": "en-ἐπεί-grc-conj-7BTbH~4p1",
"links": [
[
"after",
"after"
],
[
"since",
"since"
],
[
"when",
"when"
],
[
"ἄν",
"ἄν#Ancient_Greek"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of time) after, after that, since, when",
"(with subjunctive, ἄν (án) often being added)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of time"
],
"tags": [
"with-subjunctive"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 516A"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 24.227"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 2.105"
}
],
"glosses": [
"after, after that, since, when"
],
"id": "en-ἐπεί-grc-conj-7BTbH~4p1",
"links": [
[
"after",
"after"
],
[
"since",
"since"
],
[
"when",
"when"
],
[
"ἄν",
"ἄν#Ancient_Greek"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of time) after, after that, since, when",
"(with optative, without ἄν (án))",
"(referring to future time)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"referring to future time",
"of time",
"with optative",
"without ἄν (án)"
],
"tags": []
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 24.14"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 4.5.9"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 5.3.55"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 8.38"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedo 59D"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 315B"
}
],
"glosses": [
"after, after that, since, when"
],
"id": "en-ἐπεί-grc-conj-7BTbH~4p1",
"links": [
[
"after",
"after"
],
[
"since",
"since"
],
[
"when",
"when"
],
[
"ἄν",
"ἄν#Ancient_Greek"
]
],
"qualifier": "more frequently",
"raw_glosses": [
"(of time) after, after that, since, when",
"(with optative, without ἄν (án))",
"(more frequently, referring generally to any one of a number of past instances, with a past apodosis of repeated action)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"referring generally to any one of a number of past instances",
"with a past apodosis of repeated action",
"of time",
"with optative",
"without ἄν (án)"
],
"tags": []
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 7.2.27"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 3.5.18"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 1.4.21"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 7.80"
}
],
"glosses": [
"after, after that, since, when"
],
"id": "en-ἐπεί-grc-conj-7BTbH~4p1",
"links": [
[
"after",
"after"
],
[
"since",
"since"
],
[
"when",
"when"
],
[
"ἄν",
"ἄν#Ancient_Greek"
]
],
"qualifier": "representing a subjunctive in direct speech",
"raw_glosses": [
"(of time) after, after that, since, when",
"(with optative, without ἄν (án))",
"(in indirect speech after past tenses, representing a subjunctive in direct speech)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in indirect speech after past tenses",
"of time",
"with optative",
"without ἄν (án)"
],
"tags": []
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 619C"
},
{
"text": "385 BCE – 380 BCE, Plato, Symposium 174D"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.10"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 7.150"
}
],
"glosses": [
"after, after that, since, when"
],
"id": "en-ἐπεί-grc-conj-7BTbH~4p1",
"links": [
[
"after",
"after"
],
[
"since",
"since"
],
[
"when",
"when"
]
],
"qualifier": "only be assimilation in indirect speech",
"raw_glosses": [
"(of time) after, after that, since, when",
"(with infinitive, only be assimilation in indirect speech)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of time"
],
"tags": [
"with-infinitive"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 7.2.6"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 3.3.22"
},
{
"text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Politics 1284A.40"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hellenica 3.2.4"
},
{
"text": "522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Nemean Ode 1.35"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 310C"
},
{
"text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Pantaenetus 41"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 325C"
}
],
"glosses": [
"after, after that, since, when"
],
"id": "en-ἐπεί-grc-conj-7BTbH~4p1",
"links": [
[
"after",
"after"
],
[
"since",
"since"
],
[
"when",
"when"
],
[
"τάχιστα",
"τάχιστα#Ancient_Greek"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of time) after, after that, since, when",
"(with other words)",
"(with τάχιστα (tákhista))"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with τάχιστα (tákhista)",
"of time",
"with other words"
],
"tags": []
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 6.426"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.57"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 3.4"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.9"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 9.90"
}
],
"glosses": [
"after, after that, since, when"
],
"id": "en-ἐπεί-grc-conj-7BTbH~4p1",
"links": [
[
"after",
"after"
],
[
"since",
"since"
],
[
"when",
"when"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of time) after, after that, since, when",
"(with other words)",
"(with various emphatic particles)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with various emphatic particles",
"of time",
"with other words"
],
"tags": []
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 12 12 12 12 12 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 15 15 15 15 15 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 15 15 15 15 15 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.119"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.153"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.278"
},
{
"text": "522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Olympian Ode 4.16"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Memorabilia 2.3.4"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 8.80"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 335C"
},
{
"text": "458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 854"
}
],
"glosses": [
"since, seeing that"
],
"id": "en-ἐπεί-grc-conj-5sVDhfFk",
"links": [
[
"since",
"since"
]
],
"qualifier": "causal",
"raw_glosses": [
"(causal) since, seeing that",
"(with indicative)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with indicative"
],
"tags": []
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 12 12 12 12 12 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 15 15 15 15 15 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 15 15 15 15 15 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 1037"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 15.228"
},
{
"text": "330 BCE, Demosthenes, On the Crown 49"
},
{
"text": "409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 948"
},
{
"text": "522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Olympian Ode 9.29"
},
{
"text": "429 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus the King 433"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Memorabilia 2.7.14"
},
{
"text": "497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 352"
},
{
"text": "406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 969"
},
{
"text": "429 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus the King 390"
},
{
"text": "422 BCE, Aristophanes, The Wasps 73"
},
{
"text": "380 BCE, Plato, Gorgias 473E"
},
{
"text": "423 BCE, Aristophanes, The Clouds 688"
},
{
"text": "522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Pythian Ode 7.5"
},
{
"text": "458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Libation Bearers 214"
},
{
"text": "497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Women of Trachis 139"
}
],
"glosses": [
"since, seeing that"
],
"id": "en-ἐπεί-grc-conj-5sVDhfFk1",
"links": [
[
"since",
"since"
]
],
"qualifier": "causal",
"raw_glosses": [
"(causal) since, seeing that",
"(in most of the constructions which are found in independent sentences)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in most of the constructions which are found in independent sentences"
],
"tags": []
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 12 12 12 12 12 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 15 15 15 15 15 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 15 15 15 15 15 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 353A"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 8.111"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.93"
}
],
"glosses": [
"since, seeing that"
],
"id": "en-ἐπεί-grc-conj-5sVDhfFk1",
"links": [
[
"since",
"since"
]
],
"qualifier": "causal",
"raw_glosses": [
"(causal) since, seeing that",
"(with infinitive in indirect speech)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in indirect speech"
],
"tags": [
"with-infinitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 12 12 12 12 12 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 15 15 15 15 15 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 15 15 15 15 15 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 335C"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 333C"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 317A"
},
{
"text": "400 BCE – 387 BCE, Plato, Apology 19E"
},
{
"text": "385 BCE – 380 BCE, Plato, Symposium 187A"
},
{
"text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics 1121A.19"
}
],
"glosses": [
"since, seeing that"
],
"id": "en-ἐπεί-grc-conj-5sVDhfFk1",
"links": [
[
"since",
"since"
]
],
"qualifier": "causal",
"raw_glosses": [
"(causal) since, seeing that",
"(in various elliptical expressions)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in various elliptical expressions"
],
"tags": []
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 12 12 12 12 12 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 15 15 15 15 15 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 15 15 15 15 15 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "399 BCE, Plato, Euthyphro 4C"
}
],
"glosses": [
"since, seeing that"
],
"id": "en-ἐπεί-grc-conj-5sVDhfFk1",
"links": [
[
"since",
"since"
],
[
"epexegetic",
"epexegetic"
]
],
"qualifier": "causal; sometimes epexegetic; introducing a narrative; sometimes epexegetic; introducing a narrative",
"raw_glosses": [
"(causal) since, seeing that",
"(sometimes epexegetic, introducing a narrative)"
],
"tags": []
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 12 12 12 12 12 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 15 15 15 15 15 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 15 15 15 15 15 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 17.185"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.352"
},
{
"text": "750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Theogony 171"
},
{
"text": "480 BCE – 406 BCE, Euripides, Cyclops 181"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE, Euripides, Hippolytus 955"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedo 77D"
},
{
"text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Conon 29"
},
{
"text": "497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 631"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedo 87C"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.9"
},
{
"text": "442 BCE, Sophocles, Antigone 923"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 6.18"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.169"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 9.276"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 13.447"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 20.181"
},
{
"text": "458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 822"
},
{
"text": "406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 75"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedo 114D"
},
{
"text": "446 BCE – 386 BCE, Aristophanes, The Acharnians 437"
},
{
"text": "446 BCE – 386 BCE, Aristophanes, The Acharnians 495"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 6.18"
},
{
"text": "406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 433"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 22.379"
},
{
"text": "409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 446"
}
],
"glosses": [
"since, seeing that"
],
"id": "en-ἐπεί-grc-conj-5sVDhfFk1",
"links": [
[
"since",
"since"
]
],
"qualifier": "causal",
"raw_glosses": [
"(causal) since, seeing that",
"(with other particles)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with other particles"
],
"tags": []
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/e.pěː/"
},
{
"ipa": "/eˈpi/"
},
{
"ipa": "/eˈpi/"
},
{
"ipa": "/e.pěː/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/eˈpi/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/eˈpi/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/eˈpi/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/eˈpi/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "ἐπεί"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
"Ancient Greek conjunctions",
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ancient Greek terms with redundant head parameter",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "epā́n",
"word": "ἐπᾱ́ν"
},
{
"roman": "epeidḗ",
"word": "ἐπειδή"
},
{
"roman": "epeidḗper",
"word": "ἐπειδήπερ"
},
{
"roman": "epeíper",
"word": "ἐπείπερ"
},
{
"roman": "epeíte",
"word": "ἐπείτε"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From ἐπί (epí, “on”) + εἰ (ei, “if”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "epeí",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "conjunction",
"cat2": "",
"head": "ἐπεί",
"head2": ""
},
"expansion": "ἐπεί • (epeí)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ἐπεί • (epeí)",
"name": "grc-conjunction"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"after, after that, since, when"
],
"links": [
[
"after",
"after"
],
[
"since",
"since"
],
[
"when",
"when"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of time) after, after that, since, when",
"(with indicative)",
"(of a definite occurrence in past time, mostly with aorist)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of a definite occurrence in past time",
"with aorist",
"of time",
"with indicative"
],
"tags": []
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 1.2"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 7.8"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 8.68"
},
{
"text": "458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 40"
},
{
"text": "442 BCE, Sophocles, Antigone 15"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.117"
}
],
"glosses": [
"after, after that, since, when"
],
"links": [
[
"after",
"after"
],
[
"since",
"since"
],
[
"when",
"when"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of time) after, after that, since, when",
"(with indicative)",
"(with implied reference to some later time)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with implied reference to some later time",
"of time",
"with indicative"
],
"tags": []
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.458"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 1.1.3"
},
{
"text": "423 BCE, Aristophanes, The Clouds 1354"
},
{
"text": "413 BCE, Euripides, Iphigenia in Tauris 260"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 1.1.1"
},
{
"text": "330 BCE, Demosthenes, On the Crown 42"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 6.5.27"
}
],
"glosses": [
"after, after that, since, when"
],
"links": [
[
"after",
"after"
],
[
"since",
"since"
],
[
"when",
"when"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of time) after, after that, since, when",
"(with indicative)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with indicative",
"of time"
],
"tags": []
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 4.238"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 11.764"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 17.23"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.153"
},
{
"text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Eubulides 16"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 2.3.29"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 6.412"
},
{
"text": "361 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Midias 34"
}
],
"glosses": [
"after, after that, since, when"
],
"links": [
[
"after",
"after"
],
[
"since",
"since"
],
[
"when",
"when"
],
[
"ἄν",
"ἄν#Ancient_Greek"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of time) after, after that, since, when",
"(with subjunctive, ἄν (án) often being added)",
"(referring to future time)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"referring to future time",
"of time"
],
"tags": [
"with-subjunctive"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 11.221"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 9.409"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.34"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 20.86"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 11.478"
},
{
"text": "406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 1225"
},
{
"text": "442 BCE, Sophocles, Antigone 1025"
}
],
"glosses": [
"after, after that, since, when",
"whenever, when once"
],
"links": [
[
"after",
"after"
],
[
"since",
"since"
],
[
"when",
"when"
],
[
"ἄν",
"ἄν#Ancient_Greek"
],
[
"whenever",
"whenever"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of time) after, after that, since, when",
"(with subjunctive, ἄν (án) often being added)",
"(referring generally to any one of a number of instances, with a present apodosis of repeated action) whenever, when once"
],
"raw_tags": [
"referring generally to any one of a number of instances",
"with a present apodosis of repeated action",
"of time"
],
"tags": [
"with-subjunctive"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "425 BCE, Aristophanes, Lysistrata 1175"
},
{
"text": "414 BCE, Aristophanes, The Birds 983"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.153"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates, On Fractures 6"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 6.412"
}
],
"glosses": [
"after, after that, since, when"
],
"links": [
[
"after",
"after"
],
[
"since",
"since"
],
[
"when",
"when"
],
[
"ἄν",
"ἄν#Ancient_Greek"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of time) after, after that, since, when",
"(with subjunctive, ἄν (án) often being added)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of time"
],
"tags": [
"with-subjunctive"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 516A"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 24.227"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 2.105"
}
],
"glosses": [
"after, after that, since, when"
],
"links": [
[
"after",
"after"
],
[
"since",
"since"
],
[
"when",
"when"
],
[
"ἄν",
"ἄν#Ancient_Greek"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of time) after, after that, since, when",
"(with optative, without ἄν (án))",
"(referring to future time)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"referring to future time",
"of time",
"with optative",
"without ἄν (án)"
],
"tags": []
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 24.14"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 4.5.9"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 5.3.55"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 8.38"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedo 59D"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 315B"
}
],
"glosses": [
"after, after that, since, when"
],
"links": [
[
"after",
"after"
],
[
"since",
"since"
],
[
"when",
"when"
],
[
"ἄν",
"ἄν#Ancient_Greek"
]
],
"qualifier": "more frequently",
"raw_glosses": [
"(of time) after, after that, since, when",
"(with optative, without ἄν (án))",
"(more frequently, referring generally to any one of a number of past instances, with a past apodosis of repeated action)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"referring generally to any one of a number of past instances",
"with a past apodosis of repeated action",
"of time",
"with optative",
"without ἄν (án)"
],
"tags": []
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 7.2.27"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 3.5.18"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 1.4.21"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 7.80"
}
],
"glosses": [
"after, after that, since, when"
],
"links": [
[
"after",
"after"
],
[
"since",
"since"
],
[
"when",
"when"
],
[
"ἄν",
"ἄν#Ancient_Greek"
]
],
"qualifier": "representing a subjunctive in direct speech",
"raw_glosses": [
"(of time) after, after that, since, when",
"(with optative, without ἄν (án))",
"(in indirect speech after past tenses, representing a subjunctive in direct speech)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in indirect speech after past tenses",
"of time",
"with optative",
"without ἄν (án)"
],
"tags": []
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 619C"
},
{
"text": "385 BCE – 380 BCE, Plato, Symposium 174D"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.10"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 7.150"
}
],
"glosses": [
"after, after that, since, when"
],
"links": [
[
"after",
"after"
],
[
"since",
"since"
],
[
"when",
"when"
]
],
"qualifier": "only be assimilation in indirect speech",
"raw_glosses": [
"(of time) after, after that, since, when",
"(with infinitive, only be assimilation in indirect speech)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of time"
],
"tags": [
"with-infinitive"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 7.2.6"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 3.3.22"
},
{
"text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Politics 1284A.40"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hellenica 3.2.4"
},
{
"text": "522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Nemean Ode 1.35"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 310C"
},
{
"text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Pantaenetus 41"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 325C"
}
],
"glosses": [
"after, after that, since, when"
],
"links": [
[
"after",
"after"
],
[
"since",
"since"
],
[
"when",
"when"
],
[
"τάχιστα",
"τάχιστα#Ancient_Greek"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of time) after, after that, since, when",
"(with other words)",
"(with τάχιστα (tákhista))"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with τάχιστα (tákhista)",
"of time",
"with other words"
],
"tags": []
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 6.426"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.57"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 3.4"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.9"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 9.90"
}
],
"glosses": [
"after, after that, since, when"
],
"links": [
[
"after",
"after"
],
[
"since",
"since"
],
[
"when",
"when"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(of time) after, after that, since, when",
"(with other words)",
"(with various emphatic particles)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with various emphatic particles",
"of time",
"with other words"
],
"tags": []
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.119"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.153"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.278"
},
{
"text": "522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Olympian Ode 4.16"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Memorabilia 2.3.4"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 8.80"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 335C"
},
{
"text": "458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 854"
}
],
"glosses": [
"since, seeing that"
],
"links": [
[
"since",
"since"
]
],
"qualifier": "causal",
"raw_glosses": [
"(causal) since, seeing that",
"(with indicative)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with indicative"
],
"tags": []
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 1037"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 15.228"
},
{
"text": "330 BCE, Demosthenes, On the Crown 49"
},
{
"text": "409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 948"
},
{
"text": "522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Olympian Ode 9.29"
},
{
"text": "429 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus the King 433"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Memorabilia 2.7.14"
},
{
"text": "497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 352"
},
{
"text": "406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 969"
},
{
"text": "429 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus the King 390"
},
{
"text": "422 BCE, Aristophanes, The Wasps 73"
},
{
"text": "380 BCE, Plato, Gorgias 473E"
},
{
"text": "423 BCE, Aristophanes, The Clouds 688"
},
{
"text": "522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Pythian Ode 7.5"
},
{
"text": "458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Libation Bearers 214"
},
{
"text": "497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Women of Trachis 139"
}
],
"glosses": [
"since, seeing that"
],
"links": [
[
"since",
"since"
]
],
"qualifier": "causal",
"raw_glosses": [
"(causal) since, seeing that",
"(in most of the constructions which are found in independent sentences)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in most of the constructions which are found in independent sentences"
],
"tags": []
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 353A"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 8.111"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 2.93"
}
],
"glosses": [
"since, seeing that"
],
"links": [
[
"since",
"since"
]
],
"qualifier": "causal",
"raw_glosses": [
"(causal) since, seeing that",
"(with infinitive in indirect speech)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in indirect speech"
],
"tags": [
"with-infinitive"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 335C"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 333C"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 317A"
},
{
"text": "400 BCE – 387 BCE, Plato, Apology 19E"
},
{
"text": "385 BCE – 380 BCE, Plato, Symposium 187A"
},
{
"text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics 1121A.19"
}
],
"glosses": [
"since, seeing that"
],
"links": [
[
"since",
"since"
]
],
"qualifier": "causal",
"raw_glosses": [
"(causal) since, seeing that",
"(in various elliptical expressions)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"in various elliptical expressions"
],
"tags": []
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "399 BCE, Plato, Euthyphro 4C"
}
],
"glosses": [
"since, seeing that"
],
"links": [
[
"since",
"since"
],
[
"epexegetic",
"epexegetic"
]
],
"qualifier": "causal; sometimes epexegetic; introducing a narrative; sometimes epexegetic; introducing a narrative",
"raw_glosses": [
"(causal) since, seeing that",
"(sometimes epexegetic, introducing a narrative)"
],
"tags": []
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 17.185"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.352"
},
{
"text": "750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Theogony 171"
},
{
"text": "480 BCE – 406 BCE, Euripides, Cyclops 181"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE, Euripides, Hippolytus 955"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedo 77D"
},
{
"text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Conon 29"
},
{
"text": "497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 631"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedo 87C"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 3.9"
},
{
"text": "442 BCE, Sophocles, Antigone 923"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 6.18"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.169"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 9.276"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 13.447"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 20.181"
},
{
"text": "458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 822"
},
{
"text": "406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 75"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedo 114D"
},
{
"text": "446 BCE – 386 BCE, Aristophanes, The Acharnians 437"
},
{
"text": "446 BCE – 386 BCE, Aristophanes, The Acharnians 495"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 6.18"
},
{
"text": "406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 433"
},
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 22.379"
},
{
"text": "409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 446"
}
],
"glosses": [
"since, seeing that"
],
"links": [
[
"since",
"since"
]
],
"qualifier": "causal",
"raw_glosses": [
"(causal) since, seeing that",
"(with other particles)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with other particles"
],
"tags": []
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/e.pěː/"
},
{
"ipa": "/eˈpi/"
},
{
"ipa": "/eˈpi/"
},
{
"ipa": "/e.pěː/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/eˈpi/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/eˈpi/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/eˈpi/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/eˈpi/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "ἐπεί"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ἐπεί meaning in All languages combined (14.7kB)
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "'''[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"ἐπεί"
],
"section": "Ancient Greek",
"subsection": "conjunction",
"title": "ἐπεί",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: with subjunctive, ἄν (án) often being added",
"path": [
"ἐπεί"
],
"section": "Ancient Greek",
"subsection": "conjunction",
"title": "ἐπεί",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "page/1498/20230118",
"msg": "'''[...]' gloss has examples we want to keep, but there are subglosses.",
"path": [
"ἐπεί"
],
"section": "Ancient Greek",
"subsection": "conjunction",
"title": "ἐπεί",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: with subjunctive, ἄν (án) often being added",
"path": [
"ἐπεί"
],
"section": "Ancient Greek",
"subsection": "conjunction",
"title": "ἐπεί",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.