"ḏd-mdw" meaning in All languages combined

See ḏd-mdw on Wiktionary

Noun [Egyptian]

IPA: /ˌcʼaːtʼ maˈtʼuww/ (note: reconstructed), /ˌt͡ʃʼaːʔ maˈtʼuww/ (note: reconstructed), /t͡ʃʼəməˈtʼuww/ (note: reconstructed), /t͡ʃʼəməˈtʼøww/ (note: reconstructed), /ˌcʼaːtʼ maˈtʼuww/ (note: Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE), /ˌt͡ʃʼaːʔ maˈtʼuww/ (note: Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE), /t͡ʃʼəməˈtʼuww/ (note: Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE), /t͡ʃʼəməˈtʼøww/ (note: latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE), /d͡ʒɛd mɛduː/ (note: modern Egyptological) Forms: D&d-md-Z1:Z2ss [canonical, masculine]
Etymology: ḏd (“to say”) + mdw (“speech, words”), with ḏd in the infinitive. Etymology templates: {{compound|egy|ḏd|mdw|gloss1=to say|gloss2=speech, words}} ḏd (“to say”) + mdw (“speech, words”), {{m|egy|ḏd}} ḏd Head templates: {{head|egy|nouns|head=<hiero>D&d-md-Z1:Z2ss</hiero>|head2=}} D&d-md-Z1:Z2ss, {{egy-noun|m|head=<hiero>D&d-md-Z1:Z2ss</hiero>}} D&d-md-Z1:Z2ss m
  1. (singular only) recitation (+ jn or (since the 19th Dynasty) n: by; + ḥr: about; + ḫft: when doing); used as a title to introduce various kinds of text to be recited
    introduces the words spoken by a particular god in temple inscriptions, monuments, and old religious texts
    Tags: singular, singular-only
    Sense id: en-ḏd-mdw-egy-noun-w3bxAdEK Categories (other): Egyptian singularia tantum
  2. (singular only) recitation (+ jn or (since the 19th Dynasty) n: by; + ḥr: about; + ḫft: when doing); used as a title to introduce various kinds of text to be recited
    introduces the main bulk of a religious spell or utterance, after any prologues
    Tags: singular, singular-only
    Sense id: en-ḏd-mdw-egy-noun-1IqLpX0- Categories (other): Egyptian singularia tantum
  3. (singular only) recitation (+ jn or (since the 19th Dynasty) n: by; + ḥr: about; + ḫft: when doing); used as a title to introduce various kinds of text to be recited
    introduces a line of text in general in some collections of religious utterances
    Tags: singular, singular-only
    Sense id: en-ḏd-mdw-egy-noun-n~wSV0fi Categories (other): Egyptian singularia tantum
  4. introduces the name of a god, without any following text to be recited
    Sense id: en-ḏd-mdw-egy-noun--g5Yjavx
  5. (uncommon) written in place of omitted text; ‘the usual (words to recite)’ Tags: uncommon
    Sense id: en-ḏd-mdw-egy-noun-XrHhhihG Categories (other): Egyptian entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Egyptian entries with incorrect language header: 15 15 15 11 30 12 1
  6. (rare, only attested in a single manuscript) introduces explanatory glosses to a text Tags: rare
    Sense id: en-ḏd-mdw-egy-noun-NKfr9RAP
  7. Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see ḏd, mdw.
    Sense id: en-ḏd-mdw-egy-noun-PfxVsI7d
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: md*D, D, D&d-md-Z1:Z2ss, md-D:Z2ss, md-D:Z1:Z2ss, [since the Pyramid Texts], [Pyramid Texts], [since the Medical papyri], [since the Book of the Dead], usual form, rare, D:d-md-d:w-A2-Z3, D:d-md-d:t-Z3, D:d-md-d:t*Z1-A2, «H18»md, «H18»md-md-md, ḏd-mdwt, [Greco-Roman Period]

Download JSON data for ḏd-mdw meaning in All languages combined (6.9kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "egx-dem",
            "2": "ḏd-mdt",
            "3": "ḏd-md"
          },
          "expansion": "Demotic: ḏd-mdt, ḏd-md",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Demotic: ḏd-mdt, ḏd-md"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cop-boh",
            "2": "ϫⲉⲙⲧⲁⲩ"
          },
          "expansion": "Bohairic Coptic: ϫⲉⲙⲧⲁⲩ (čemtau)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bohairic Coptic: ϫⲉⲙⲧⲁⲩ (čemtau)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "egy",
        "2": "ḏd",
        "3": "mdw",
        "gloss1": "to say",
        "gloss2": "speech, words"
      },
      "expansion": "ḏd (“to say”) + mdw (“speech, words”)",
      "name": "compound"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "egy",
        "2": "ḏd"
      },
      "expansion": "ḏd",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "ḏd (“to say”) + mdw (“speech, words”), with ḏd in the infinitive.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "D&d-md-Z1:Z2ss",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "egy",
        "2": "nouns",
        "head": "<hiero>D&d-md-Z1:Z2ss</hiero>",
        "head2": ""
      },
      "expansion": "D&d-md-Z1:Z2ss",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "head": "<hiero>D&d-md-Z1:Z2ss</hiero>"
      },
      "expansion": "D&d-md-Z1:Z2ss m",
      "name": "egy-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Egyptian",
  "lang_code": "egy",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Egyptian singularia tantum",
          "parents": [
            "Singularia tantum",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "A recitation by Amun-Ra, Lord of the Thrones of the Two Lands.",
          "ref": "c. 1450 BCE, The Poetical Stela of Thutmose III: Part I, Cairo Museum 34010",
          "roman": "ḏd-mdw jn jmn-rꜥ nb-nswt-tꜣwj",
          "text": "md-D*i-N-i-mn:n:ra*Z1-nb:W11*W11*W11:N17:N17-N21:N21",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "recitation (+ jn or (since the 19th Dynasty) n: by; + ḥr: about; + ḫft: when doing); used as a title to introduce various kinds of text to be recited",
        "introduces the words spoken by a particular god in temple inscriptions, monuments, and old religious texts"
      ],
      "id": "en-ḏd-mdw-egy-noun-w3bxAdEK",
      "links": [
        [
          "recitation",
          "recitation"
        ],
        [
          "jn",
          "jn#Egyptian"
        ],
        [
          "n",
          "n#Egyptian"
        ],
        [
          "ḥr",
          "ḥr#Egyptian"
        ],
        [
          "ḫft",
          "ḫft#Egyptian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(singular only) recitation (+ jn or (since the 19th Dynasty) n: by; + ḥr: about; + ḫft: when doing); used as a title to introduce various kinds of text to be recited",
        "introduces the words spoken by a particular god in temple inscriptions, monuments, and old religious texts"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Egyptian singularia tantum",
          "parents": [
            "Singularia tantum",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "recitation (+ jn or (since the 19th Dynasty) n: by; + ḥr: about; + ḫft: when doing); used as a title to introduce various kinds of text to be recited",
        "introduces the main bulk of a religious spell or utterance, after any prologues"
      ],
      "id": "en-ḏd-mdw-egy-noun-1IqLpX0-",
      "links": [
        [
          "recitation",
          "recitation"
        ],
        [
          "jn",
          "jn#Egyptian"
        ],
        [
          "n",
          "n#Egyptian"
        ],
        [
          "ḥr",
          "ḥr#Egyptian"
        ],
        [
          "ḫft",
          "ḫft#Egyptian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(singular only) recitation (+ jn or (since the 19th Dynasty) n: by; + ḥr: about; + ḫft: when doing); used as a title to introduce various kinds of text to be recited",
        "introduces the main bulk of a religious spell or utterance, after any prologues"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Egyptian singularia tantum",
          "parents": [
            "Singularia tantum",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "recitation (+ jn or (since the 19th Dynasty) n: by; + ḥr: about; + ḫft: when doing); used as a title to introduce various kinds of text to be recited",
        "introduces a line of text in general in some collections of religious utterances"
      ],
      "id": "en-ḏd-mdw-egy-noun-n~wSV0fi",
      "links": [
        [
          "recitation",
          "recitation"
        ],
        [
          "jn",
          "jn#Egyptian"
        ],
        [
          "n",
          "n#Egyptian"
        ],
        [
          "ḥr",
          "ḥr#Egyptian"
        ],
        [
          "ḫft",
          "ḫft#Egyptian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(singular only) recitation (+ jn or (since the 19th Dynasty) n: by; + ḥr: about; + ḫft: when doing); used as a title to introduce various kinds of text to be recited",
        "introduces a line of text in general in some collections of religious utterances"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "introduces the name of a god, without any following text to be recited"
      ],
      "id": "en-ḏd-mdw-egy-noun--g5Yjavx"
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "15 15 15 11 30 12 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Egyptian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "written in place of omitted text; ‘the usual (words to recite)’"
      ],
      "id": "en-ḏd-mdw-egy-noun-XrHhhihG",
      "links": [
        [
          "usual",
          "usual"
        ],
        [
          "word",
          "word"
        ],
        [
          "recite",
          "recite"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncommon) written in place of omitted text; ‘the usual (words to recite)’"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncommon"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "introduces explanatory glosses to a text"
      ],
      "id": "en-ḏd-mdw-egy-noun-NKfr9RAP",
      "qualifier": "only attested in a single manuscript",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare, only attested in a single manuscript) introduces explanatory glosses to a text"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see ḏd, mdw."
      ],
      "id": "en-ḏd-mdw-egy-noun-PfxVsI7d",
      "links": [
        [
          "ḏd",
          "ḏd#Egyptian"
        ],
        [
          "mdw",
          "mdw#Egyptian"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌcʼaːtʼ maˈtʼuww/",
      "note": "reconstructed"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌt͡ʃʼaːʔ maˈtʼuww/",
      "note": "reconstructed"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃʼəməˈtʼuww/",
      "note": "reconstructed"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃʼəməˈtʼøww/",
      "note": "reconstructed"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌcʼaːtʼ maˈtʼuww/",
      "note": "Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌt͡ʃʼaːʔ maˈtʼuww/",
      "note": "Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃʼəməˈtʼuww/",
      "note": "Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃʼəməˈtʼøww/",
      "note": "latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/d͡ʒɛd mɛduː/",
      "note": "modern Egyptological"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "md*D"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "D"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "D&d-md-Z1:Z2ss"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "md-D:Z2ss"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "md-D:Z1:Z2ss"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "[since the Pyramid Texts]"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "[Pyramid Texts]"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "[since the Medical papyri]"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "[since the Book of the Dead]"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "usual form"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "rare"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "D:d-md-d:w-A2-Z3"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "D:d-md-d:t-Z3"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "D:d-md-d:t*Z1-A2"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "«H18»md"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "«H18»md-md-md"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "ḏd-mdwt"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "[Greco-Roman Period]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ḏd-mdw"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Egyptian compound terms",
    "Egyptian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Egyptian lemmas",
    "Egyptian masculine nouns",
    "Egyptian multiword terms",
    "Egyptian nouns",
    "Egyptian terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "egx-dem",
            "2": "ḏd-mdt",
            "3": "ḏd-md"
          },
          "expansion": "Demotic: ḏd-mdt, ḏd-md",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Demotic: ḏd-mdt, ḏd-md"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cop-boh",
            "2": "ϫⲉⲙⲧⲁⲩ"
          },
          "expansion": "Bohairic Coptic: ϫⲉⲙⲧⲁⲩ (čemtau)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bohairic Coptic: ϫⲉⲙⲧⲁⲩ (čemtau)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "egy",
        "2": "ḏd",
        "3": "mdw",
        "gloss1": "to say",
        "gloss2": "speech, words"
      },
      "expansion": "ḏd (“to say”) + mdw (“speech, words”)",
      "name": "compound"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "egy",
        "2": "ḏd"
      },
      "expansion": "ḏd",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "ḏd (“to say”) + mdw (“speech, words”), with ḏd in the infinitive.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "D&d-md-Z1:Z2ss",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "egy",
        "2": "nouns",
        "head": "<hiero>D&d-md-Z1:Z2ss</hiero>",
        "head2": ""
      },
      "expansion": "D&d-md-Z1:Z2ss",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "head": "<hiero>D&d-md-Z1:Z2ss</hiero>"
      },
      "expansion": "D&d-md-Z1:Z2ss m",
      "name": "egy-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Egyptian",
  "lang_code": "egy",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Egyptian singularia tantum",
        "Egyptian terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "A recitation by Amun-Ra, Lord of the Thrones of the Two Lands.",
          "ref": "c. 1450 BCE, The Poetical Stela of Thutmose III: Part I, Cairo Museum 34010",
          "roman": "ḏd-mdw jn jmn-rꜥ nb-nswt-tꜣwj",
          "text": "md-D*i-N-i-mn:n:ra*Z1-nb:W11*W11*W11:N17:N17-N21:N21",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "recitation (+ jn or (since the 19th Dynasty) n: by; + ḥr: about; + ḫft: when doing); used as a title to introduce various kinds of text to be recited",
        "introduces the words spoken by a particular god in temple inscriptions, monuments, and old religious texts"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "recitation",
          "recitation"
        ],
        [
          "jn",
          "jn#Egyptian"
        ],
        [
          "n",
          "n#Egyptian"
        ],
        [
          "ḥr",
          "ḥr#Egyptian"
        ],
        [
          "ḫft",
          "ḫft#Egyptian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(singular only) recitation (+ jn or (since the 19th Dynasty) n: by; + ḥr: about; + ḫft: when doing); used as a title to introduce various kinds of text to be recited",
        "introduces the words spoken by a particular god in temple inscriptions, monuments, and old religious texts"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Egyptian singularia tantum"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "recitation (+ jn or (since the 19th Dynasty) n: by; + ḥr: about; + ḫft: when doing); used as a title to introduce various kinds of text to be recited",
        "introduces the main bulk of a religious spell or utterance, after any prologues"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "recitation",
          "recitation"
        ],
        [
          "jn",
          "jn#Egyptian"
        ],
        [
          "n",
          "n#Egyptian"
        ],
        [
          "ḥr",
          "ḥr#Egyptian"
        ],
        [
          "ḫft",
          "ḫft#Egyptian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(singular only) recitation (+ jn or (since the 19th Dynasty) n: by; + ḥr: about; + ḫft: when doing); used as a title to introduce various kinds of text to be recited",
        "introduces the main bulk of a religious spell or utterance, after any prologues"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Egyptian singularia tantum"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "recitation (+ jn or (since the 19th Dynasty) n: by; + ḥr: about; + ḫft: when doing); used as a title to introduce various kinds of text to be recited",
        "introduces a line of text in general in some collections of religious utterances"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "recitation",
          "recitation"
        ],
        [
          "jn",
          "jn#Egyptian"
        ],
        [
          "n",
          "n#Egyptian"
        ],
        [
          "ḥr",
          "ḥr#Egyptian"
        ],
        [
          "ḫft",
          "ḫft#Egyptian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(singular only) recitation (+ jn or (since the 19th Dynasty) n: by; + ḥr: about; + ḫft: when doing); used as a title to introduce various kinds of text to be recited",
        "introduces a line of text in general in some collections of religious utterances"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "singular-only"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "introduces the name of a god, without any following text to be recited"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Egyptian terms with uncommon senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "written in place of omitted text; ‘the usual (words to recite)’"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "usual",
          "usual"
        ],
        [
          "word",
          "word"
        ],
        [
          "recite",
          "recite"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(uncommon) written in place of omitted text; ‘the usual (words to recite)’"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncommon"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Egyptian terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "introduces explanatory glosses to a text"
      ],
      "qualifier": "only attested in a single manuscript",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare, only attested in a single manuscript) introduces explanatory glosses to a text"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Used other than figuratively or idiomatically: see ḏd, mdw."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ḏd",
          "ḏd#Egyptian"
        ],
        [
          "mdw",
          "mdw#Egyptian"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌcʼaːtʼ maˈtʼuww/",
      "note": "reconstructed"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌt͡ʃʼaːʔ maˈtʼuww/",
      "note": "reconstructed"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃʼəməˈtʼuww/",
      "note": "reconstructed"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃʼəməˈtʼøww/",
      "note": "reconstructed"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌcʼaːtʼ maˈtʼuww/",
      "note": "Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌt͡ʃʼaːʔ maˈtʼuww/",
      "note": "Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃʼəməˈtʼuww/",
      "note": "Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ʃʼəməˈtʼøww/",
      "note": "latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/d͡ʒɛd mɛduː/",
      "note": "modern Egyptological"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "md*D"
    },
    {
      "word": "D"
    },
    {
      "word": "D&d-md-Z1:Z2ss"
    },
    {
      "word": "md-D:Z2ss"
    },
    {
      "word": "md-D:Z1:Z2ss"
    },
    {
      "word": "[since the Pyramid Texts]"
    },
    {
      "word": "[Pyramid Texts]"
    },
    {
      "word": "[since the Medical papyri]"
    },
    {
      "word": "[since the Book of the Dead]"
    },
    {
      "word": "usual form"
    },
    {
      "word": "rare"
    },
    {
      "word": "D:d-md-d:w-A2-Z3"
    },
    {
      "word": "D:d-md-d:t-Z3"
    },
    {
      "word": "D:d-md-d:t*Z1-A2"
    },
    {
      "word": "«H18»md"
    },
    {
      "word": "«H18»md-md-md"
    },
    {
      "word": "ḏd-mdwt"
    },
    {
      "word": "[Greco-Roman Period]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ḏd-mdw"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.