"ᚢᚦᛡᚱᛡᛒᛡ" meaning in All languages combined

See ᚢᚦᛡᚱᛡᛒᛡ on Wiktionary

Noun [Proto-Norse]

Forms: uþᴀrᴀbᴀ [romanization], ų̄þarᵃβa [romanization]
Etymology: From ᚢᚾ- (un-, “un-”) + *ᚦᚨᚱᛒᚢ (*þarbu, “something useful, wanted”), first from Proto-Germanic *un-, second from Proto-Germanic *þarbō. ᚢ- (u-) is a younger form of ᚢᚾ- (un-), and ᛡ (ᴀ) is the transitional a-rune, displacing earlier ᚨ (a) which instead comes to stand for a specifically nasal /ã/, a quality which it retains into the Younger Futhark. The second ᛡ (ᴀ) represents a svarabhakti (epenthetic) vowel; compare ᛒᛡᚱᛁᚢᛏᛁᚦ (bᴀriutiþ /⁠bᵃriutiþ⁠/), ᚺᚨᚱᚨᛒᚨᚾᚨᛉ (harabanaʀ /⁠hᵃrabᵃnaʀ⁠/). This word is only attested once, in a late inscription and in the genitive plural. Etymology templates: {{prefix|gmq-pro|ᚢᚾ-|*ᚦᚨᚱᛒᚢ|t1=un-|t2=something useful, wanted}} ᚢᚾ- (un-, “un-”) + *ᚦᚨᚱᛒᚢ (*þarbu, “something useful, wanted”), {{inh|gmq-pro|gem-pro|*un-}} Proto-Germanic *un-, {{inh|gmq-pro|gem-pro|*þarbō}} Proto-Germanic *þarbō Head templates: {{head|gmq-pro|noun|g=f|ts=ų̄þarᵃβa}} ᚢᚦᛡᚱᛡᛒᛡ (uþᴀrᴀbᴀ /ų̄þarᵃβa/) f, {{tlb|gmq-pro|Transitional}} (Transitional Period)
  1. misfortune, something harmful Wikipedia link: Younger Futhark Tags: feminine, genitive, plural

Alternative forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "lang_code": "is",
          "word": "óþörf"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Old Swedish",
          "lang_code": "gmq-osw",
          "word": "otharf"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Norse",
      "lang_code": "non",
      "word": "óþǫrf"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "lang_code": "is",
          "word": "óþörf"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Old Swedish",
          "lang_code": "gmq-osw",
          "word": "otharf"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Norse",
      "lang_code": "non",
      "word": "úþǫrf"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "lang_code": "is",
          "word": "óþörf"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Old Swedish",
          "lang_code": "gmq-osw",
          "word": "otharf"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Norse",
      "lang_code": "non",
      "word": "óþarfa"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmq-pro",
        "2": "ᚢᚾ-",
        "3": "*ᚦᚨᚱᛒᚢ",
        "t1": "un-",
        "t2": "something useful, wanted"
      },
      "expansion": "ᚢᚾ- (un-, “un-”) + *ᚦᚨᚱᛒᚢ (*þarbu, “something useful, wanted”)",
      "name": "prefix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmq-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*un-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *un-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmq-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*þarbō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þarbō",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From ᚢᚾ- (un-, “un-”) + *ᚦᚨᚱᛒᚢ (*þarbu, “something useful, wanted”), first from Proto-Germanic *un-, second from Proto-Germanic *þarbō. ᚢ- (u-) is a younger form of ᚢᚾ- (un-), and ᛡ (ᴀ) is the transitional a-rune, displacing earlier ᚨ (a) which instead comes to stand for a specifically nasal /ã/, a quality which it retains into the Younger Futhark. The second ᛡ (ᴀ) represents a svarabhakti (epenthetic) vowel; compare ᛒᛡᚱᛁᚢᛏᛁᚦ (bᴀriutiþ /⁠bᵃriutiþ⁠/), ᚺᚨᚱᚨᛒᚨᚾᚨᛉ (harabanaʀ /⁠hᵃrabᵃnaʀ⁠/).\nThis word is only attested once, in a late inscription and in the genitive plural.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "uþᴀrᴀbᴀ",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ų̄þarᵃβa",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmq-pro",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "f",
        "ts": "ų̄þarᵃβa"
      },
      "expansion": "ᚢᚦᛡᚱᛡᛒᛡ (uþᴀrᴀbᴀ /ų̄þarᵃβa/) f",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmq-pro",
        "2": "Transitional"
      },
      "expansion": "(Transitional Period)",
      "name": "tlb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Norse",
  "lang_code": "gmq-pro",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Norse entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Norse terms prefixed with ᚢᚾ-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Transitional Proto-Norse",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "[a] prophecy of harmful things",
          "ref": "7th century, inscription on the Björketorp stone",
          "roman": "ūþarᵃβa spǭ",
          "text": "ᚢᚦᛡᚱᛡᛒᛡᛋᛒᛡ\nuþᴀrᴀbᴀsbᴀ",
          "translation": "[a] prophecy of harmful things",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "misfortune, something harmful"
      ],
      "id": "en-ᚢᚦᛡᚱᛡᛒᛡ-gmq-pro-noun-VXDnEYjK",
      "links": [
        [
          "misfortune",
          "misfortune"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Younger Futhark"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ᚢᚦᛡᚱᛡᛒᛡ"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "lang_code": "is",
          "word": "óþörf"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Old Swedish",
          "lang_code": "gmq-osw",
          "word": "otharf"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Norse",
      "lang_code": "non",
      "word": "óþǫrf"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "lang_code": "is",
          "word": "óþörf"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Old Swedish",
          "lang_code": "gmq-osw",
          "word": "otharf"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Norse",
      "lang_code": "non",
      "word": "úþǫrf"
    },
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "lang_code": "is",
          "word": "óþörf"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Old Swedish",
          "lang_code": "gmq-osw",
          "word": "otharf"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Old Norse",
      "lang_code": "non",
      "word": "óþarfa"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmq-pro",
        "2": "ᚢᚾ-",
        "3": "*ᚦᚨᚱᛒᚢ",
        "t1": "un-",
        "t2": "something useful, wanted"
      },
      "expansion": "ᚢᚾ- (un-, “un-”) + *ᚦᚨᚱᛒᚢ (*þarbu, “something useful, wanted”)",
      "name": "prefix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmq-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*un-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *un-",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmq-pro",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*þarbō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þarbō",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From ᚢᚾ- (un-, “un-”) + *ᚦᚨᚱᛒᚢ (*þarbu, “something useful, wanted”), first from Proto-Germanic *un-, second from Proto-Germanic *þarbō. ᚢ- (u-) is a younger form of ᚢᚾ- (un-), and ᛡ (ᴀ) is the transitional a-rune, displacing earlier ᚨ (a) which instead comes to stand for a specifically nasal /ã/, a quality which it retains into the Younger Futhark. The second ᛡ (ᴀ) represents a svarabhakti (epenthetic) vowel; compare ᛒᛡᚱᛁᚢᛏᛁᚦ (bᴀriutiþ /⁠bᵃriutiþ⁠/), ᚺᚨᚱᚨᛒᚨᚾᚨᛉ (harabanaʀ /⁠hᵃrabᵃnaʀ⁠/).\nThis word is only attested once, in a late inscription and in the genitive plural.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "uþᴀrᴀbᴀ",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ų̄þarᵃβa",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmq-pro",
        "2": "noun",
        "g": "f",
        "ts": "ų̄þarᵃβa"
      },
      "expansion": "ᚢᚦᛡᚱᛡᛒᛡ (uþᴀrᴀbᴀ /ų̄þarᵃβa/) f",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gmq-pro",
        "2": "Transitional"
      },
      "expansion": "(Transitional Period)",
      "name": "tlb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Norse",
  "lang_code": "gmq-pro",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Norse entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Norse feminine nouns",
        "Proto-Norse lemmas",
        "Proto-Norse nouns",
        "Proto-Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "Proto-Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
        "Proto-Norse terms prefixed with ᚢᚾ-",
        "Proto-Norse terms with quotations",
        "Proto-Norse ō-stem nouns",
        "Transitional Proto-Norse"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "[a] prophecy of harmful things",
          "ref": "7th century, inscription on the Björketorp stone",
          "roman": "ūþarᵃβa spǭ",
          "text": "ᚢᚦᛡᚱᛡᛒᛡᛋᛒᛡ\nuþᴀrᴀbᴀsbᴀ",
          "translation": "[a] prophecy of harmful things",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "misfortune, something harmful"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "misfortune",
          "misfortune"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Younger Futhark"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ᚢᚦᛡᚱᛡᛒᛡ"
}

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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (ddb1505 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.