See دخان on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mt",
"2": "duħħan"
},
"expansion": "Maltese: duħħan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Maltese: duħħan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "dûxan",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Northern Kurdish: dûxan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Northern Kurdish: dûxan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "دخان",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "duhan"
},
"expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: دخان (duhan)\n→ Albanian: duhan\n→ Bulgarian: духа́н (duhán) (rare)\n→ Hungarian: dohány\n→ Romanian: duhan\n→ Serbo-Croatian: ду̀ха̄н, ду̀ва̄н",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: دخان (duhan)\n→ Albanian: duhan\n→ Bulgarian: духа́н (duhán) (rare)\n→ Hungarian: dohány\n→ Romanian: duhan\n→ Serbo-Croatian: ду̀ха̄н, ду̀ва̄н"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "dohani",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swahili: dohani",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swahili: dohani"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "pal",
"3": "*dūd xān",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "borrowed from Middle Persian *dūd xān",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prs",
"2": "دود خانه",
"t": "smoke-room, the compartment of a house below a chimney; family, house, = <i class=\"Arab fa-Arab mention\" lang=\"fa\">دودمان</i> (dūdmān)",
"tr": "dūd-xāna"
},
"expansion": "Dari دود خانه (dūd-xāna, “smoke-room, the compartment of a house below a chimney; family, house, = دودمان (dūdmān)”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "د خ ن"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ar-rootbox"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Attested since 475 CE, according to the Doha Dictionary.\nHas been hypothesized to be borrowed from Middle Persian *dūd xān or *dūd xānag continued in Dari دود خانه (dūd-xāna, “smoke-room, the compartment of a house below a chimney; family, house, = دودمان (dūdmān)”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "دُخَان",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "دُخَّان",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "duḵān",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "duḵḵān",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "أَدْخِنَة",
"roman": "ʔadḵina",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِن",
"roman": "dawāḵin",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِين",
"roman": "dawāḵīn",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ar-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "دُخَان",
"roman": "duḵān",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الدُّخَان",
"roman": "ad-duḵān",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دُخَان",
"roman": "duḵān",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"construct",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دُخَانٌ",
"roman": "duḵānun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الدُّخَانُ",
"roman": "ad-duḵānu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دُخَانُ",
"roman": "duḵānu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"construct",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دُخَانًا",
"roman": "duḵānan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الدُّخَانَ",
"roman": "ad-duḵāna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دُخَانَ",
"roman": "duḵāna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"construct",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دُخَانٍ",
"roman": "duḵānin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الدُّخَانِ",
"roman": "ad-duḵāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دُخَانِ",
"roman": "duḵāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"construct",
"genitive",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دُخَانَيْن",
"roman": "duḵānayn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indefinite",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الدُّخَانَيْن",
"roman": "ad-duḵānayn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دُخَانَيْ",
"roman": "duḵānay",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"construct",
"dual",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دُخَانَانِ",
"roman": "duḵānāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الدُّخَانَانِ",
"roman": "ad-duḵānāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دُخَانَا",
"roman": "duḵānā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"construct",
"dual",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دُخَانَيْنِ",
"roman": "duḵānayni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الدُّخَانَيْنِ",
"roman": "ad-duḵānayni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"dual",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دُخَانَيْ",
"roman": "duḵānay",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"construct",
"dual",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دُخَانَيْنِ",
"roman": "duḵānayni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الدُّخَانَيْنِ",
"roman": "ad-duḵānayni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"genitive",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دُخَانَيْ",
"roman": "duḵānay",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"construct",
"dual",
"genitive",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "أَدْخِنَة",
"roman": "ʔadḵina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"diptote",
"indefinite",
"informal",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِن",
"roman": "dawāḵin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"diptote",
"indefinite",
"informal",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِين",
"roman": "dawāḵīn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"diptote",
"indefinite",
"informal",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْأَدْخِنَة",
"roman": "al-ʔadḵina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"definite",
"diptote",
"informal",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الدَّوَاخِن",
"roman": "ad-dawāḵin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"definite",
"diptote",
"informal",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الدَّوَاخِين",
"roman": "ad-dawāḵīn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"definite",
"diptote",
"informal",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "أَدْخِنَة",
"roman": "ʔadḵinat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"construct",
"diptote",
"informal",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِن",
"roman": "dawāḵin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"construct",
"diptote",
"informal",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِين",
"roman": "dawāḵīn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"construct",
"diptote",
"informal",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "أَدْخِنَةٌ",
"roman": "ʔadḵinatun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"diptote",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِنُ",
"roman": "dawāḵinu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"diptote",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِينُ",
"roman": "dawāḵīnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"diptote",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْأَدْخِنَةُ",
"roman": "al-ʔadḵinatu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"definite",
"diptote",
"nominative",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الدَّوَاخِنُ",
"roman": "ad-dawāḵinu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"definite",
"diptote",
"nominative",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الدَّوَاخِينُ",
"roman": "ad-dawāḵīnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"definite",
"diptote",
"nominative",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "أَدْخِنَةُ",
"roman": "ʔadḵinatu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"construct",
"diptote",
"nominative",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِنُ",
"roman": "dawāḵinu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"construct",
"diptote",
"nominative",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِينُ",
"roman": "dawāḵīnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"construct",
"diptote",
"nominative",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "أَدْخِنَةً",
"roman": "ʔadḵinatan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"diptote",
"indefinite",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِنَ",
"roman": "dawāḵina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"diptote",
"indefinite",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِينَ",
"roman": "dawāḵīna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"diptote",
"indefinite",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْأَدْخِنَةَ",
"roman": "al-ʔadḵinata",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"definite",
"diptote",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الدَّوَاخِنَ",
"roman": "ad-dawāḵina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"definite",
"diptote",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الدَّوَاخِينَ",
"roman": "ad-dawāḵīna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"definite",
"diptote",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "أَدْخِنَةَ",
"roman": "ʔadḵinata",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"construct",
"diptote",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِنَ",
"roman": "dawāḵina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"construct",
"diptote",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِينَ",
"roman": "dawāḵīna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"construct",
"diptote",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "أَدْخِنَةٍ",
"roman": "ʔadḵinatin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"diptote",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِنَ",
"roman": "dawāḵina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"diptote",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِينَ",
"roman": "dawāḵīna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"diptote",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْأَدْخِنَةِ",
"roman": "al-ʔadḵinati",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"definite",
"diptote",
"genitive",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الدَّوَاخِنِ",
"roman": "ad-dawāḵini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"definite",
"diptote",
"genitive",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الدَّوَاخِينِ",
"roman": "ad-dawāḵīni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"definite",
"diptote",
"genitive",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "أَدْخِنَةِ",
"roman": "ʔadḵinati",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"construct",
"diptote",
"genitive",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِنِ",
"roman": "dawāḵini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"construct",
"diptote",
"genitive",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِينِ",
"roman": "dawāḵīni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"construct",
"diptote",
"genitive",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "دُخَان",
"2": "m",
"head2": "دُخَّان",
"pl": "أَدْخِنَة",
"pl2": "دَوَاخِن",
"pl3": "دَوَاخِين"
},
"expansion": "دُخَان or دُخَّان • (duḵān or duḵḵān) m (plural أَدْخِنَة (ʔadḵina) or دَوَاخِن (dawāḵin) or دَوَاخِين (dawāḵīn))",
"name": "ar-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "دُخَان",
"pl": "أَدْخِنَة",
"pl2": "دَوَاخِن",
"pl3": "دَوَاخِين"
},
"name": "ar-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"smoke"
],
"id": "en-دخان-ar-noun-BNWIy0G4",
"links": [
[
"smoke",
"smoke"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"steam"
],
"id": "en-دخان-ar-noun-Px8pREwJ",
"links": [
[
"steam",
"steam"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 9 38 9 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic terms belonging to the root د خ ن",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 1 90 1 2",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ar",
"name": "Tobacco",
"orig": "ar:Tobacco",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tobacco"
],
"id": "en-دخان-ar-noun-2kPwbKoE",
"links": [
[
"tobacco",
"tobacco"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"evil, mischief"
],
"id": "en-دخان-ar-noun-HUGBpfrG",
"links": [
[
"evil",
"evil"
],
[
"mischief",
"mischief"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) evil, mischief"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 5 22 5 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 17 9 57",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic nouns with basic diptote broken plural",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 13 26 13 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic nouns with basic triptote singular",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 16 8 60",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic nouns with broken plural",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 10 20 10 51",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic nouns with triptote broken plural in -a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 9 38 9 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Arabic terms belonging to the root د خ ن",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 5 18 5 44 18 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 13 4 59 13 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dearth, drought, sterility, unfruitfulness, hunger"
],
"id": "en-دخان-ar-noun-m4LIptnx",
"links": [
[
"dearth",
"dearth"
],
[
"drought",
"drought"
],
[
"sterility",
"sterility"
],
[
"unfruitfulness",
"unfruitfulness"
],
[
"hunger",
"hunger"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) dearth, drought, sterility, unfruitfulness, hunger"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/du.xaːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/dux.xaːn/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"es:Federico Corriente Córdoba"
],
"word": "دخان"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "duhan",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: duhan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: duhan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "духа́н",
"bor": "1",
"qq1": "rare"
},
"expansion": "→ Bulgarian: духа́н (duhán) (rare)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Bulgarian: духа́н (duhán) (rare)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "dohány",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hungarian: dohány",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hungarian: dohány"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "duhan",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: duhan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: duhan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ду̀ха̄н",
"3": "ду̀ва̄н",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Serbo-Croatian: ду̀ха̄н, ду̀ва̄н",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Serbo-Croatian: ду̀ха̄н, ду̀ва̄н"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "ar",
"3": "دُخَان"
},
"expansion": "Arabic دُخَان (duḵān)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Arabic دُخَان (duḵān).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "duhan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f2tr": "",
"ftr": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "duhan"
},
"expansion": "دخان • (duhan)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "duhan"
},
"expansion": "دخان • (duhan)",
"name": "ota-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "82 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ottoman Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "93 7",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "ota",
"name": "Tobacco",
"orig": "ota:Tobacco",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tobacco"
],
"id": "en-دخان-ota-noun-2kPwbKoE",
"links": [
[
"tobacco",
"tobacco"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "توتون"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"smoke"
],
"id": "en-دخان-ota-noun-BNWIy0G4",
"links": [
[
"smoke",
"smoke"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "توتون"
},
{
"word": "دومان"
}
]
}
],
"word": "دخان"
}
{
"categories": [
"Arabic 2-syllable words",
"Arabic entries with incorrect language header",
"Arabic lemmas",
"Arabic masculine nouns",
"Arabic nouns",
"Arabic nouns with basic diptote broken plural",
"Arabic nouns with basic triptote singular",
"Arabic nouns with broken plural",
"Arabic nouns with triptote broken plural in -a",
"Arabic terms belonging to the root د خ ن",
"Arabic terms borrowed from Middle Persian",
"Arabic terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ar:Tobacco",
"ota:Tobacco"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mt",
"2": "duħħan"
},
"expansion": "Maltese: duħħan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Maltese: duħħan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "dûxan",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Northern Kurdish: dûxan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Northern Kurdish: dûxan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "دخان",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "duhan"
},
"expansion": "→ Ottoman Turkish: دخان (duhan)\n→ Albanian: duhan\n→ Bulgarian: духа́н (duhán) (rare)\n→ Hungarian: dohány\n→ Romanian: duhan\n→ Serbo-Croatian: ду̀ха̄н, ду̀ва̄н",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Ottoman Turkish: دخان (duhan)\n→ Albanian: duhan\n→ Bulgarian: духа́н (duhán) (rare)\n→ Hungarian: dohány\n→ Romanian: duhan\n→ Serbo-Croatian: ду̀ха̄н, ду̀ва̄н"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sw",
"2": "dohani",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swahili: dohani",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swahili: dohani"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "pal",
"3": "*dūd xān",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "borrowed from Middle Persian *dūd xān",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "prs",
"2": "دود خانه",
"t": "smoke-room, the compartment of a house below a chimney; family, house, = <i class=\"Arab fa-Arab mention\" lang=\"fa\">دودمان</i> (dūdmān)",
"tr": "dūd-xāna"
},
"expansion": "Dari دود خانه (dūd-xāna, “smoke-room, the compartment of a house below a chimney; family, house, = دودمان (dūdmān)”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "د خ ن"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ar-rootbox"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Attested since 475 CE, according to the Doha Dictionary.\nHas been hypothesized to be borrowed from Middle Persian *dūd xān or *dūd xānag continued in Dari دود خانه (dūd-xāna, “smoke-room, the compartment of a house below a chimney; family, house, = دودمان (dūdmān)”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "دُخَان",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "دُخَّان",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "duḵān",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "duḵḵān",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "أَدْخِنَة",
"roman": "ʔadḵina",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِن",
"roman": "dawāḵin",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِين",
"roman": "dawāḵīn",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ar-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "دُخَان",
"roman": "duḵān",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الدُّخَان",
"roman": "ad-duḵān",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دُخَان",
"roman": "duḵān",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"construct",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دُخَانٌ",
"roman": "duḵānun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الدُّخَانُ",
"roman": "ad-duḵānu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دُخَانُ",
"roman": "duḵānu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"construct",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دُخَانًا",
"roman": "duḵānan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الدُّخَانَ",
"roman": "ad-duḵāna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دُخَانَ",
"roman": "duḵāna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"construct",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دُخَانٍ",
"roman": "duḵānin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الدُّخَانِ",
"roman": "ad-duḵāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دُخَانِ",
"roman": "duḵāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"construct",
"genitive",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دُخَانَيْن",
"roman": "duḵānayn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indefinite",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الدُّخَانَيْن",
"roman": "ad-duḵānayn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دُخَانَيْ",
"roman": "duḵānay",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"construct",
"dual",
"informal",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دُخَانَانِ",
"roman": "duḵānāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الدُّخَانَانِ",
"roman": "ad-duḵānāni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دُخَانَا",
"roman": "duḵānā",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"construct",
"dual",
"nominative",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دُخَانَيْنِ",
"roman": "duḵānayni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الدُّخَانَيْنِ",
"roman": "ad-duḵānayni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"dual",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دُخَانَيْ",
"roman": "duḵānay",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"construct",
"dual",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دُخَانَيْنِ",
"roman": "duḵānayni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الدُّخَانَيْنِ",
"roman": "ad-duḵānayni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"dual",
"genitive",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دُخَانَيْ",
"roman": "duḵānay",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"construct",
"dual",
"genitive",
"singular",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "أَدْخِنَة",
"roman": "ʔadḵina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"diptote",
"indefinite",
"informal",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِن",
"roman": "dawāḵin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"diptote",
"indefinite",
"informal",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِين",
"roman": "dawāḵīn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"diptote",
"indefinite",
"informal",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْأَدْخِنَة",
"roman": "al-ʔadḵina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"definite",
"diptote",
"informal",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الدَّوَاخِن",
"roman": "ad-dawāḵin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"definite",
"diptote",
"informal",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الدَّوَاخِين",
"roman": "ad-dawāḵīn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"definite",
"diptote",
"informal",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "أَدْخِنَة",
"roman": "ʔadḵinat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"construct",
"diptote",
"informal",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِن",
"roman": "dawāḵin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"construct",
"diptote",
"informal",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِين",
"roman": "dawāḵīn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"construct",
"diptote",
"informal",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "أَدْخِنَةٌ",
"roman": "ʔadḵinatun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"diptote",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِنُ",
"roman": "dawāḵinu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"diptote",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِينُ",
"roman": "dawāḵīnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"diptote",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْأَدْخِنَةُ",
"roman": "al-ʔadḵinatu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"definite",
"diptote",
"nominative",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الدَّوَاخِنُ",
"roman": "ad-dawāḵinu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"definite",
"diptote",
"nominative",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الدَّوَاخِينُ",
"roman": "ad-dawāḵīnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"definite",
"diptote",
"nominative",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "أَدْخِنَةُ",
"roman": "ʔadḵinatu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"construct",
"diptote",
"nominative",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِنُ",
"roman": "dawāḵinu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"construct",
"diptote",
"nominative",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِينُ",
"roman": "dawāḵīnu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"construct",
"diptote",
"nominative",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "أَدْخِنَةً",
"roman": "ʔadḵinatan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"diptote",
"indefinite",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِنَ",
"roman": "dawāḵina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"diptote",
"indefinite",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِينَ",
"roman": "dawāḵīna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"diptote",
"indefinite",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْأَدْخِنَةَ",
"roman": "al-ʔadḵinata",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"definite",
"diptote",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الدَّوَاخِنَ",
"roman": "ad-dawāḵina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"definite",
"diptote",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الدَّوَاخِينَ",
"roman": "ad-dawāḵīna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"definite",
"diptote",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "أَدْخِنَةَ",
"roman": "ʔadḵinata",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"construct",
"diptote",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِنَ",
"roman": "dawāḵina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"construct",
"diptote",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِينَ",
"roman": "dawāḵīna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"construct",
"diptote",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "أَدْخِنَةٍ",
"roman": "ʔadḵinatin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"diptote",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِنَ",
"roman": "dawāḵina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"diptote",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِينَ",
"roman": "dawāḵīna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"diptote",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الْأَدْخِنَةِ",
"roman": "al-ʔadḵinati",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"definite",
"diptote",
"genitive",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الدَّوَاخِنِ",
"roman": "ad-dawāḵini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"definite",
"diptote",
"genitive",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "الدَّوَاخِينِ",
"roman": "ad-dawāḵīni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"definite",
"diptote",
"genitive",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "أَدْخِنَةِ",
"roman": "ʔadḵinati",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"construct",
"diptote",
"genitive",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِنِ",
"roman": "dawāḵini",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"construct",
"diptote",
"genitive",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
},
{
"form": "دَوَاخِينِ",
"roman": "dawāḵīni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ar-infl-a",
"broken-form",
"construct",
"diptote",
"genitive",
"plural",
"triptote"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "دُخَان",
"2": "m",
"head2": "دُخَّان",
"pl": "أَدْخِنَة",
"pl2": "دَوَاخِن",
"pl3": "دَوَاخِين"
},
"expansion": "دُخَان or دُخَّان • (duḵān or duḵḵān) m (plural أَدْخِنَة (ʔadḵina) or دَوَاخِن (dawāḵin) or دَوَاخِين (dawāḵīn))",
"name": "ar-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "دُخَان",
"pl": "أَدْخِنَة",
"pl2": "دَوَاخِن",
"pl3": "دَوَاخِين"
},
"name": "ar-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Arabic",
"lang_code": "ar",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"smoke"
],
"links": [
[
"smoke",
"smoke"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"steam"
],
"links": [
[
"steam",
"steam"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"tobacco"
],
"links": [
[
"tobacco",
"tobacco"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Arabic terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"evil, mischief"
],
"links": [
[
"evil",
"evil"
],
[
"mischief",
"mischief"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) evil, mischief"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Arabic terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"dearth, drought, sterility, unfruitfulness, hunger"
],
"links": [
[
"dearth",
"dearth"
],
[
"drought",
"drought"
],
[
"sterility",
"sterility"
],
[
"unfruitfulness",
"unfruitfulness"
],
[
"hunger",
"hunger"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) dearth, drought, sterility, unfruitfulness, hunger"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/du.xaːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/dux.xaːn/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"es:Federico Corriente Córdoba"
],
"word": "دخان"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ottoman Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Ottoman Turkish lemmas",
"Ottoman Turkish nouns",
"Ottoman Turkish terms borrowed from Arabic",
"Ottoman Turkish terms derived from Arabic",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ota:Tobacco"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "duhan",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Albanian: duhan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Albanian: duhan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "духа́н",
"bor": "1",
"qq1": "rare"
},
"expansion": "→ Bulgarian: духа́н (duhán) (rare)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Bulgarian: духа́н (duhán) (rare)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hu",
"2": "dohány",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hungarian: dohány",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hungarian: dohány"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "duhan",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: duhan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: duhan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ду̀ха̄н",
"3": "ду̀ва̄н",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Serbo-Croatian: ду̀ха̄н, ду̀ва̄н",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Serbo-Croatian: ду̀ха̄н, ду̀ва̄н"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "ar",
"3": "دُخَان"
},
"expansion": "Arabic دُخَان (duḵān)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Arabic دُخَان (duḵān).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "duhan",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"f2tr": "",
"ftr": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "duhan"
},
"expansion": "دخان • (duhan)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"tr": "duhan"
},
"expansion": "دخان • (duhan)",
"name": "ota-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"tobacco"
],
"links": [
[
"tobacco",
"tobacco"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "توتون"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"smoke"
],
"links": [
[
"smoke",
"smoke"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "توتون"
},
{
"word": "دومان"
}
]
}
],
"word": "دخان"
}
Download raw JSONL data for دخان meaning in All languages combined (16.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.