"оздоровлять" meaning in All languages combined

See оздоровлять on Wiktionary

Verb [Russian]

IPA: [ɐzdərɐˈvlʲætʲ]
Etymology: оздорови́ть (ozdorovítʹ) + -я́ть (-játʹ) Etymology templates: {{af|ru|оздорови́ть|-я́ть}} оздорови́ть (ozdorovítʹ) + -я́ть (-játʹ) Head templates: {{ru-verb|оздоровля́ть|impf|pf=оздорови́ть}} оздоровля́ть • (ozdorovljátʹ) impf (perfective оздорови́ть) Inflection templates: {{ru-conj|impf|1a|оздоровля́ть}} Forms: оздоровля́ть [canonical], ozdorovljátʹ [romanization], оздорови́ть [perfective], imperfective transitive [table-tags], оздоровля́ть [imperfective, infinitive], оздоровля́ющий [active, participle, present], оздоровля́вший [active, participle, past], оздоровля́емый [participle, passive, present], - [participle, passive, past], оздоровля́я [adverbial, participle, present], оздоровля́в [adverbial, participle, past], оздоровля́вши [adverbial, participle, past], оздоровля́ю [first-person, present, singular], бу́ду оздоровля́ть [first-person, future, singular], оздоровля́ешь [present, second-person, singular], бу́дешь оздоровля́ть [future, second-person, singular], оздоровля́ет [present, singular, third-person], бу́дет оздоровля́ть [future, singular, third-person], оздоровля́ем [first-person, plural, present], бу́дем оздоровля́ть [first-person, future, plural], оздоровля́ете [plural, present, second-person], бу́дете оздоровля́ть [future, plural, second-person], оздоровля́ют [plural, present, third-person], бу́дут оздоровля́ть [future, plural, third-person], оздоровля́й [imperative, singular], оздоровля́йте [imperative, plural], оздоровля́л [masculine, past, singular], оздоровля́ли [masculine, past, plural], оздоровля́ла [feminine, past, singular], оздоровля́ли [feminine, past, plural], оздоровля́ло [neuter, past, singular], оздоровля́ли [neuter, past, plural]
  1. to make healthier
    Sense id: en-оздоровлять-ru-verb-VgDfjmhY Categories (other): Russian entries with incorrect language header, Russian terms suffixed with -ять Disambiguation of Russian entries with incorrect language header: 92 8 Disambiguation of Russian terms suffixed with -ять: 72 28
  2. to improve
    Sense id: en-оздоровлять-ru-verb-Aw0bxo3s
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: оздоровле́ние (ozdorovlénije) [neuter], оздорови́тельный (ozdorovítelʹnyj), здоро́вый (zdoróvyj), здоро́во (zdoróvo), здоро́вье (zdoróvʹje) [neuter], здорове́ть (zdorovétʹ) [imperfective], поздорове́ть (pozdorovétʹ) [perfective], здорове́нный (zdorovénnyj), здоровя́к (zdorovják) [masculine], здра́вый (zdrávyj), здра́во (zdrávo), здра́вствовать (zdrávstvovatʹ) [imperfective], здра́вствуйте (zdrávstvujte), здо́рово (zdórovo), здоро́ваться (zdoróvatʹsja) [imperfective], поздоро́ваться (pozdoróvatʹsja) [perfective]

Download JSON data for оздоровлять meaning in All languages combined (7.4kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "ozdorovlénije",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "оздоровле́ние"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "ozdorovítelʹnyj",
      "word": "оздорови́тельный"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "zdoróvyj",
      "word": "здоро́вый"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "zdoróvo",
      "word": "здоро́во"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "zdoróvʹje",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "здоро́вье"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "zdorovétʹ",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "здорове́ть"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "pozdorovétʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "поздорове́ть"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "zdorovénnyj",
      "word": "здорове́нный"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "zdorovják",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "здоровя́к"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "zdrávyj",
      "word": "здра́вый"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "zdrávo",
      "word": "здра́во"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "zdrávstvovatʹ",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "здра́вствовать"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "zdrávstvujte",
      "word": "здра́вствуйте"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "zdórovo",
      "word": "здо́рово"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "zdoróvatʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "здоро́ваться"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "pozdoróvatʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "поздоро́ваться"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "оздорови́ть",
        "3": "-я́ть"
      },
      "expansion": "оздорови́ть (ozdorovítʹ) + -я́ть (-játʹ)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "оздорови́ть (ozdorovítʹ) + -я́ть (-játʹ)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́ть",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ozdorovljátʹ",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздорови́ть",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "1a imperfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́ть",
      "roman": "ozdorovljátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́ющий",
      "roman": "ozdorovljájuščij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́вший",
      "roman": "ozdorovljávšij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́емый",
      "roman": "ozdorovljájemyj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́я",
      "roman": "ozdorovljája",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́в",
      "roman": "ozdorovljáv",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́вши",
      "roman": "ozdorovljávši",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́ю",
      "roman": "ozdorovljáju",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́ду оздоровля́ть",
      "roman": "búdu ozdorovljátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́ешь",
      "roman": "ozdorovljáješʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дешь оздоровля́ть",
      "roman": "búdešʹ ozdorovljátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́ет",
      "roman": "ozdorovljájet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дет оздоровля́ть",
      "roman": "búdet ozdorovljátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́ем",
      "roman": "ozdorovljájem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дем оздоровля́ть",
      "roman": "búdem ozdorovljátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́ете",
      "roman": "ozdorovljájete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дете оздоровля́ть",
      "roman": "búdete ozdorovljátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́ют",
      "roman": "ozdorovljájut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дут оздоровля́ть",
      "roman": "búdut ozdorovljátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́й",
      "roman": "ozdorovljáj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́йте",
      "roman": "ozdorovljájte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́л",
      "roman": "ozdorovljál",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́ли",
      "roman": "ozdorovljáli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́ла",
      "roman": "ozdorovljála",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́ли",
      "roman": "ozdorovljáli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́ло",
      "roman": "ozdorovljálo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́ли",
      "roman": "ozdorovljáli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "оздоровля́ть",
        "2": "impf",
        "pf": "оздорови́ть"
      },
      "expansion": "оздоровля́ть • (ozdorovljátʹ) impf (perfective оздорови́ть)",
      "name": "ru-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "impf",
        "2": "1a",
        "3": "оздоровля́ть"
      },
      "name": "ru-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "92 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "72 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian terms suffixed with -ять",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to make healthier"
      ],
      "id": "en-оздоровлять-ru-verb-VgDfjmhY",
      "links": [
        [
          "make",
          "make"
        ],
        [
          "healthier",
          "healthier"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to improve the local environment",
          "roman": "ozdorovljátʹ méstnostʹ",
          "text": "оздоровля́ть ме́стность",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to create a healthier atmosphere among fellow workers/employees; improve the work environment",
          "roman": "ozdorovljátʹ obstanóvku v trudovóm kollektíve",
          "text": "оздоровля́ть обстано́вку в трудово́м коллекти́ве",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to improve"
      ],
      "id": "en-оздоровлять-ru-verb-Aw0bxo3s",
      "links": [
        [
          "improve",
          "improve"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ɐzdərɐˈvlʲætʲ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "оздоровлять"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Russian 4-syllable words",
    "Russian class 1 verbs",
    "Russian class 1a verbs",
    "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Russian imperfective verbs",
    "Russian lemmas",
    "Russian terms suffixed with -ять",
    "Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Russian transitive verbs",
    "Russian verbs"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "ozdorovlénije",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "оздоровле́ние"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ozdorovítelʹnyj",
      "word": "оздорови́тельный"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zdoróvyj",
      "word": "здоро́вый"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zdoróvo",
      "word": "здоро́во"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zdoróvʹje",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "здоро́вье"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zdorovétʹ",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "здорове́ть"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pozdorovétʹ",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "поздорове́ть"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zdorovénnyj",
      "word": "здорове́нный"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zdorovják",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "здоровя́к"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zdrávyj",
      "word": "здра́вый"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zdrávo",
      "word": "здра́во"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zdrávstvovatʹ",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "здра́вствовать"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zdrávstvujte",
      "word": "здра́вствуйте"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zdórovo",
      "word": "здо́рово"
    },
    {
      "roman": "zdoróvatʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "здоро́ваться"
    },
    {
      "roman": "pozdoróvatʹsja",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "поздоро́ваться"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "оздорови́ть",
        "3": "-я́ть"
      },
      "expansion": "оздорови́ть (ozdorovítʹ) + -я́ть (-játʹ)",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "оздорови́ть (ozdorovítʹ) + -я́ть (-játʹ)",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́ть",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ozdorovljátʹ",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздорови́ть",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "1a imperfective transitive",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́ть",
      "roman": "ozdorovljátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́ющий",
      "roman": "ozdorovljájuščij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́вший",
      "roman": "ozdorovljávšij",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́емый",
      "roman": "ozdorovljájemyj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́я",
      "roman": "ozdorovljája",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́в",
      "roman": "ozdorovljáv",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́вши",
      "roman": "ozdorovljávši",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́ю",
      "roman": "ozdorovljáju",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́ду оздоровля́ть",
      "roman": "búdu ozdorovljátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́ешь",
      "roman": "ozdorovljáješʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дешь оздоровля́ть",
      "roman": "búdešʹ ozdorovljátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́ет",
      "roman": "ozdorovljájet",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дет оздоровля́ть",
      "roman": "búdet ozdorovljátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́ем",
      "roman": "ozdorovljájem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дем оздоровля́ть",
      "roman": "búdem ozdorovljátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́ете",
      "roman": "ozdorovljájete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дете оздоровля́ть",
      "roman": "búdete ozdorovljátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́ют",
      "roman": "ozdorovljájut",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "бу́дут оздоровля́ть",
      "roman": "búdut ozdorovljátʹ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́й",
      "roman": "ozdorovljáj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́йте",
      "roman": "ozdorovljájte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́л",
      "roman": "ozdorovljál",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́ли",
      "roman": "ozdorovljáli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́ла",
      "roman": "ozdorovljála",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́ли",
      "roman": "ozdorovljáli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́ло",
      "roman": "ozdorovljálo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "оздоровля́ли",
      "roman": "ozdorovljáli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "оздоровля́ть",
        "2": "impf",
        "pf": "оздорови́ть"
      },
      "expansion": "оздоровля́ть • (ozdorovljátʹ) impf (perfective оздорови́ть)",
      "name": "ru-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "impf",
        "2": "1a",
        "3": "оздоровля́ть"
      },
      "name": "ru-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to make healthier"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "make",
          "make"
        ],
        [
          "healthier",
          "healthier"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Russian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "to improve the local environment",
          "roman": "ozdorovljátʹ méstnostʹ",
          "text": "оздоровля́ть ме́стность",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "to create a healthier atmosphere among fellow workers/employees; improve the work environment",
          "roman": "ozdorovljátʹ obstanóvku v trudovóm kollektíve",
          "text": "оздоровля́ть обстано́вку в трудово́м коллекти́ве",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to improve"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "improve",
          "improve"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ɐzdərɐˈvlʲætʲ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "оздоровлять"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.