"нахал" meaning in All languages combined

See нахал on Wiktionary

Noun [Bulgarian]

IPA: [nɐˈxaɫ]
Etymology: Ultimately from Proto-Slavic *naxalъ, possibly via Russian. Related either to неха́я (nehája, “not to care”) or to ха́лост (hálost, “vanity”). Etymology templates: {{inh|bg|sla-pro|*naxalъ}} Proto-Slavic *naxalъ Head templates: {{bg-noun|наха́л|m|adj=наха́лен}} наха́л • (nahál) m (relational adjective наха́лен), {{tlb|bg|colloquial}} (colloquial) Inflection templates: {{bg-ndecl|наха́л<(v)>}} Forms: наха́л [canonical], nahál [romanization], наха́лен [adjective, relational], no-table-tags [table-tags], наха́л [indefinite, singular], наха́ли [indefinite, plural], наха́лът [definite, singular, subjective], наха́лите [definite, plural, subjective], наха́ла [definite, objective, singular], наха́лите [definite, objective, plural], - [count-form, singular], наха́ла [count-form, plural], наха́ле [singular, vocative], наха́ли [plural, vocative]
  1. bugger, prick (an insolent and shameless person) Tags: colloquial Derived forms: наха́лник (nahálnik) [masculine], наха́лница (nahálnica) (english: secondary agent nouns) [feminine]
    Sense id: en-нахал-bg-noun-wg8Vb9yx Categories (other): Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries

Noun [Russian]

IPA: [nɐˈxaɫ]
Rhymes: -al Etymology: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *naxalъ. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|ru|sla-pro|*naxalъ|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Proto-Slavic *naxalъ, {{inh+|ru|sla-pro|*naxalъ}} Inherited from Proto-Slavic *naxalъ Head templates: {{ru-noun+|наха́л|a=an|f=наха́лка}} наха́л • (naxál) m anim (genitive наха́ла, nominative plural наха́лы, genitive plural наха́лов, feminine наха́лка) Forms: наха́л [canonical], naxál [romanization], наха́ла [genitive], наха́лы [nominative, plural], наха́лов [genitive, plural], наха́лка [feminine], no-table-tags [table-tags], наха́л [nominative, singular], наха́лы [nominative, plural], наха́ла [genitive, singular], наха́лов [genitive, plural], наха́лу [dative, singular], наха́лам [dative, plural], наха́ла [accusative, singular], наха́лов [accusative, plural], наха́лом [instrumental, singular], наха́лами [instrumental, plural], наха́ле [prepositional, singular], наха́лах [plural, prepositional]
  1. an impudent or insolent person
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bg",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*naxalъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *naxalъ",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Ultimately from Proto-Slavic *naxalъ, possibly via Russian. Related either to неха́я (nehája, “not to care”) or to ха́лост (hálost, “vanity”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "наха́л",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nahál",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́лен",
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "relational"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bg-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́л",
      "roman": "nahál",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́ли",
      "roman": "naháli",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́лът",
      "roman": "nahálǎt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "singular",
        "subjective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́лите",
      "roman": "nahálite",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "plural",
        "subjective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́ла",
      "roman": "nahála",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "objective",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́лите",
      "roman": "nahálite",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "objective",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "count-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́ла",
      "roman": "nahála",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "count-form",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́ле",
      "roman": "nahále",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́ли",
      "roman": "naháli",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "наха́л",
        "2": "m",
        "adj": "наха́лен"
      },
      "expansion": "наха́л • (nahál) m (relational adjective наха́лен)",
      "name": "bg-noun"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bg",
        "2": "colloquial"
      },
      "expansion": "(colloquial)",
      "name": "tlb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "наха́л<(v)>"
      },
      "name": "bg-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Bulgarian",
  "lang_code": "bg",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "roman": "nahálnik",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "наха́лник"
        },
        {
          "english": "secondary agent nouns",
          "roman": "nahálnica",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "наха́лница"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "bugger, prick (an insolent and shameless person)"
      ],
      "id": "en-нахал-bg-noun-wg8Vb9yx",
      "links": [
        [
          "bugger",
          "bugger"
        ],
        [
          "prick",
          "prick"
        ],
        [
          "insolent",
          "insolent#English"
        ],
        [
          "shameless",
          "shameless#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[nɐˈxaɫ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "нахал"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*naxalъ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *naxalъ",
      "name": "inh"
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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*naxalъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *naxalъ",
      "name": "inh+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *naxalъ.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "наха́л",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "naxál",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́ла",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́лы",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́лов",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́лка",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-noun-table",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hard-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "accent-a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́л",
      "roman": "naxál",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́лы",
      "roman": "naxály",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́ла",
      "roman": "naxála",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́лов",
      "roman": "naxálov",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́лу",
      "roman": "naxálu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́лам",
      "roman": "naxálam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́ла",
      "roman": "naxála",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́лов",
      "roman": "naxálov",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́лом",
      "roman": "naxálom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́лами",
      "roman": "naxálami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́ле",
      "roman": "naxále",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "prepositional",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́лах",
      "roman": "naxálax",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "prepositional"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "наха́л",
        "a": "an",
        "f": "наха́лка"
      },
      "expansion": "наха́л • (naxál) m anim (genitive наха́ла, nominative plural наха́лы, genitive plural наха́лов, feminine наха́лка)",
      "name": "ru-noun+"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "On the other hand, Pavel Petrovich had grown to hate Bazarov with all the strength of his soul; he regarded him as conceited, impudent, cynical and vulgar, he suspected that Bazarov had no respect for him, that he all but despised him--him, Pavel Kirsanov!",
          "ref": "1862, Иван Тургенев [Ivan Turgenev], “Глава 10”, in Отцы и дети; English translation from Richard Hare, transl., Fathers and Sons, 1947:",
          "roman": "Zató Pável Petróvič vsémi sílami duší svojéj voznenavídel Bazárova: on sčitál jevó gordecóm, naxálom, cínikom, plebéjem; on podozrevál, što Bazárov ne uvažájet jevó, što on jedvá li ne prezirájet jevó — jevó, Pávla Kirsánova!",
          "text": "Зато́ Па́вел Петро́вич все́ми си́лами души́ свое́й возненави́дел База́рова: он счита́л его́ гордецо́м, наха́лом, ци́ником, плебе́ем; он подозрева́л, что База́ров не уважа́ет его́, что он едва́ ли не презира́ет его́ — его́, Па́вла Кирса́нова!",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "an impudent or insolent person"
      ],
      "id": "en-нахал-ru-noun-~VhjSLdg",
      "links": [
        [
          "impudent",
          "impudent"
        ],
        [
          "insolent",
          "insolent"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[nɐˈxaɫ]"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-al"
    }
  ],
  "word": "нахал"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "nahálnik",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "наха́лник"
    },
    {
      "english": "secondary agent nouns",
      "roman": "nahálnica",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "наха́лница"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bg",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*naxalъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *naxalъ",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Ultimately from Proto-Slavic *naxalъ, possibly via Russian. Related either to неха́я (nehája, “not to care”) or to ха́лост (hálost, “vanity”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "наха́л",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nahál",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́лен",
      "tags": [
        "adjective",
        "relational"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bg-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́л",
      "roman": "nahál",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́ли",
      "roman": "naháli",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́лът",
      "roman": "nahálǎt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "singular",
        "subjective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́лите",
      "roman": "nahálite",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "plural",
        "subjective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́ла",
      "roman": "nahála",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "objective",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́лите",
      "roman": "nahálite",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "objective",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "count-form",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́ла",
      "roman": "nahála",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "count-form",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́ле",
      "roman": "nahále",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́ли",
      "roman": "naháli",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "наха́л",
        "2": "m",
        "adj": "наха́лен"
      },
      "expansion": "наха́л • (nahál) m (relational adjective наха́лен)",
      "name": "bg-noun"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bg",
        "2": "colloquial"
      },
      "expansion": "(colloquial)",
      "name": "tlb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "наха́л<(v)>"
      },
      "name": "bg-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Bulgarian",
  "lang_code": "bg",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Bulgarian colloquialisms",
        "Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Bulgarian lemmas",
        "Bulgarian masculine nouns",
        "Bulgarian nouns",
        "Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
        "Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
        "Bulgarian terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "bugger, prick (an insolent and shameless person)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bugger",
          "bugger"
        ],
        [
          "prick",
          "prick"
        ],
        [
          "insolent",
          "insolent#English"
        ],
        [
          "shameless",
          "shameless#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[nɐˈxaɫ]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "нахал"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*naxalъ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *naxalъ",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*naxalъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *naxalъ",
      "name": "inh+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *naxalъ.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "наха́л",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "naxál",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́ла",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́лы",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́лов",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́лка",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ru-noun-table",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hard-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "accent-a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́л",
      "roman": "naxál",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́лы",
      "roman": "naxály",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́ла",
      "roman": "naxála",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́лов",
      "roman": "naxálov",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́лу",
      "roman": "naxálu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́лам",
      "roman": "naxálam",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́ла",
      "roman": "naxála",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́лов",
      "roman": "naxálov",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́лом",
      "roman": "naxálom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́лами",
      "roman": "naxálami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́ле",
      "roman": "naxále",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "prepositional",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "наха́лах",
      "roman": "naxálax",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "prepositional"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "наха́л",
        "a": "an",
        "f": "наха́лка"
      },
      "expansion": "наха́л • (naxál) m anim (genitive наха́ла, nominative plural наха́лы, genitive plural наха́лов, feminine наха́лка)",
      "name": "ru-noun+"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Russian",
  "lang_code": "ru",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Rhymes:Russian/al",
        "Rhymes:Russian/al/2 syllables",
        "Russian 2-syllable words",
        "Russian animate nouns",
        "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
        "Russian hard-stem masculine-form accent-a nouns",
        "Russian hard-stem masculine-form nouns",
        "Russian lemmas",
        "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
        "Russian masculine nouns",
        "Russian nouns",
        "Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
        "Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
        "Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
        "Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Russian terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "On the other hand, Pavel Petrovich had grown to hate Bazarov with all the strength of his soul; he regarded him as conceited, impudent, cynical and vulgar, he suspected that Bazarov had no respect for him, that he all but despised him--him, Pavel Kirsanov!",
          "ref": "1862, Иван Тургенев [Ivan Turgenev], “Глава 10”, in Отцы и дети; English translation from Richard Hare, transl., Fathers and Sons, 1947:",
          "roman": "Zató Pável Petróvič vsémi sílami duší svojéj voznenavídel Bazárova: on sčitál jevó gordecóm, naxálom, cínikom, plebéjem; on podozrevál, što Bazárov ne uvažájet jevó, što on jedvá li ne prezirájet jevó — jevó, Pávla Kirsánova!",
          "text": "Зато́ Па́вел Петро́вич все́ми си́лами души́ свое́й возненави́дел База́рова: он счита́л его́ гордецо́м, наха́лом, ци́ником, плебе́ем; он подозрева́л, что База́ров не уважа́ет его́, что он едва́ ли не презира́ет его́ — его́, Па́вла Кирса́нова!",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "an impudent or insolent person"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "impudent",
          "impudent"
        ],
        [
          "insolent",
          "insolent"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[nɐˈxaɫ]"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-al"
    }
  ],
  "word": "нахал"
}

Download raw JSONL data for нахал meaning in All languages combined (7.6kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.