"πτάρνυμαι" meaning in All languages combined

See πτάρνυμαι on Wiktionary

Verb [Ancient Greek]

IPA: /ptár.ny.mai̯/, /ˈptar.ny.mɛ/, /ˈptar.ni.me/, /ptár.ny.mai̯/ (note: 5ᵗʰ BCE Attic), /ˈptar.ny.mɛ/ (note: 1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian), /ˈptar.ny.mɛ/ (note: 4ᵗʰ CE Koine), /ˈptar.ny.me/ (note: 10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine), /ˈptar.ni.me/ (note: 15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan)
Etymology: Presumably imitative or from a Proto-Indo-European root connected to Polish kichać, Russian чихать (čixatʹ), Lithuanian čiáudėti, Sanskrit क्षु (kṣu), Breton strevia and Latin sternuo (“I sneeze”). Etymology templates: {{onomatopoeic|grc|title=imitative}} imitative, {{der|grc|ine-pro|-}} Proto-Indo-European, {{cog|pl|kichać}} Polish kichać, {{cog|ru|чихать}} Russian чихать (čixatʹ), {{cog|lt|čiáudėti}} Lithuanian čiáudėti, {{cog|sa|क्षु}} Sanskrit क्षु (kṣu), {{cog|br|strevia}} Breton strevia, {{cog|la|sternuo||I sneeze}} Latin sternuo (“I sneeze”) Head templates: {{grc-verb|πτᾰ́ρνῠμαι}} πτᾰ́ρνῠμαι • (ptárnumai) Inflection templates: {{grc-conj|pres-numi|πτᾰρ|form=mp}}, {{grc-conj|aor-2|ἐπτᾰρ|πτᾰρ|form=act}} Forms: πτᾰ́ρνῠμαι [canonical], ptárnumai [romanization], no-table-tags [table-tags], πτᾰ́ρνῠμαι [first-person, indicative, middle, passive, singular], πτᾰ́ρνῠσαι [indicative, middle, passive, second-person, singular], πτᾰ́ρνῠται [indicative, middle, passive, singular, third-person], πτᾰ́ρνῠσθον [dual, indicative, middle, passive, second-person], πτᾰ́ρνῠσθον [dual, indicative, middle, passive, third-person], πτᾰρνῠ́μεθα [first-person, indicative, middle, passive, plural], πτᾰ́ρνῠσθε [indicative, middle, passive, plural, second-person], πτᾰ́ρνῠνται [indicative, middle, passive, plural, third-person], πτᾰρνῠ́ωμαι [first-person, middle, passive, singular, subjunctive], πτᾰρνῠ́ῃ [middle, passive, second-person, singular, subjunctive], πτᾰρνῠ́ηται [middle, passive, singular, subjunctive, third-person], πτᾰρνῠ́ησθον [dual, middle, passive, second-person, subjunctive], πτᾰρνῠ́ησθον [dual, middle, passive, subjunctive, third-person], πτᾰρνῠώμεθᾰ [first-person, middle, passive, plural, subjunctive], πτᾰρνῠ́ησθε [middle, passive, plural, second-person, subjunctive], πτᾰρνῠ́ωνται [middle, passive, plural, subjunctive, third-person], πτᾰρνῠοίμην [first-person, middle, optative, passive, singular], πτᾰρνῠ́οιο [middle, optative, passive, second-person, singular], πτᾰρνῠ́οιτο [middle, optative, passive, singular, third-person], πτᾰρνῠ́οισθον [dual, middle, optative, passive, second-person], πτᾰρνῠοίσθην [dual, middle, optative, passive, third-person], πτᾰρνῠοίμεθᾰ [first-person, middle, optative, passive, plural], πτᾰρνῠ́οισθε [middle, optative, passive, plural, second-person], πτᾰρνῠ́οιντο [middle, optative, passive, plural, third-person], πτᾰ́ρνῠσο [imperative, middle, passive, second-person, singular], πτᾰρνῠ́σθω [imperative, middle, passive, singular, third-person], πτᾰ́ρνῠσθον [dual, imperative, middle, passive, second-person], πτᾰρνῠ́σθων [dual, imperative, middle, passive, third-person], πτᾰ́ρνῠσθε [imperative, middle, passive, plural, second-person], πτᾰρνῠ́σθων [imperative, middle, passive, plural, third-person], πτᾰ́ρνῠσθαι [infinitive, middle, passive, plural], πτᾰρνῠ́μενος [masculine, middle, participle, passive, plural], πτᾰρνῠμένη [feminine, middle, participle, passive, plural], πτᾰρνῠ́μενον [middle, neuter, participle, passive, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], ἔπτᾰρον [active, first-person, indicative, singular], ἔπτᾰρες [active, indicative, second-person, singular], ἔπτᾰρε [active, indicative, singular, third-person], ἔπτᾰρεν [active, indicative, singular, third-person], ἐπτᾰ́ρετον [active, dual, indicative, second-person], ἐπτᾰρέτην [active, dual, indicative, third-person], ἐπτᾰ́ρομεν [active, first-person, indicative, plural], ἐπτᾰ́ρετε [active, indicative, plural, second-person], ἔπτᾰρον [active, indicative, plural, third-person], πτᾰ́ρω [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], πτᾰ́ρῃς [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], πτᾰ́ρῃ [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], πτᾰ́ρητον [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], πτᾰ́ρητον [active, dual, subjunctive, third-person], πτᾰ́ρωμεν [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], πτᾰ́ρητε [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], πτᾰ́ρωσῐ [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], πτᾰ́ρωσῐν [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], πτᾰ́ροιμῐ [active, first-person, optative, singular], πτᾰ́ροις [active, optative, second-person, singular], πτᾰ́ροι [active, optative, singular, third-person], πτᾰ́ροιτον [active, dual, optative, second-person], πτᾰροίτην [active, dual, optative, third-person], πτᾰ́ροιμεν [active, first-person, optative, plural], πτᾰ́ροιτε [active, optative, plural, second-person], πτᾰ́ροιεν [active, optative, plural, third-person], πτᾰ́ρε [active, imperative, second-person, singular], πτᾰρέτω [active, imperative, singular, third-person], πτᾰ́ρετον [active, dual, imperative, second-person], πτᾰρέτων [active, dual, imperative, third-person], πτᾰ́ρετε [active, imperative, plural, second-person], πτᾰρόντων [active, imperative, plural, third-person], πτᾰρεῖν [active, infinitive, singular], πτᾰρών [active, masculine, participle, singular], πτᾰροῦσᾰ [active, feminine, participle, singular], πτᾰρόν [active, neuter, participle, singular]
  1. to sneeze Categories (topical): Bodily functions

Download JSON data for πτάρνυμαι meaning in All languages combined (11.7kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "title": "imitative"
      },
      "expansion": "imitative",
      "name": "onomatopoeic"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "kichać"
      },
      "expansion": "Polish kichać",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "чихать"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian чихать (čixatʹ)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "čiáudėti"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian čiáudėti",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "क्षु"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit क्षु (kṣu)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "br",
        "2": "strevia"
      },
      "expansion": "Breton strevia",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "sternuo",
        "3": "",
        "4": "I sneeze"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin sternuo (“I sneeze”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Presumably imitative or from a Proto-Indo-European root connected to Polish kichać, Russian чихать (čixatʹ), Lithuanian čiáudėti, Sanskrit क्षु (kṣu), Breton strevia and Latin sternuo (“I sneeze”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρνῠμαι",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ptárnumai",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρνῠμαι",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρνῠσαι",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρνῠται",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρνῠσθον",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρνῠσθον",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́μεθα",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρνῠσθε",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρνῠνται",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́ωμαι",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́ῃ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́ηται",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́ησθον",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́ησθον",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠώμεθᾰ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́ησθε",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́ωνται",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠοίμην",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "middle",
        "optative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́οιο",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "middle",
        "optative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́οιτο",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "middle",
        "optative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́οισθον",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "middle",
        "optative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠοίσθην",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "middle",
        "optative",
        "passive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠοίμεθᾰ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "middle",
        "optative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́οισθε",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "middle",
        "optative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́οιντο",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "middle",
        "optative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρνῠσο",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́σθω",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρνῠσθον",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́σθων",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρνῠσθε",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́σθων",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρνῠσθαι",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́μενος",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "middle",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠμένη",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "middle",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́μενον",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "middle",
        "neuter",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἔπτᾰρον",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἔπτᾰρες",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἔπτᾰρε",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἔπτᾰρεν",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπτᾰ́ρετον",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπτᾰρέτην",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπτᾰ́ρομεν",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπτᾰ́ρετε",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἔπτᾰρον",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρω",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρῃς",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρῃ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρητον",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρητον",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρωμεν",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρητε",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρωσῐ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρωσῐν",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ροιμῐ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "optative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ροις",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "optative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ροι",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "optative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ροιτον",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "optative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰροίτην",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "optative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ροιμεν",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "optative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ροιτε",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "optative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ροιεν",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "optative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρε",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρέτω",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρετον",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρέτων",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρετε",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρόντων",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρεῖν",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "infinitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρών",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰροῦσᾰ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρόν",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "neuter",
        "participle",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "πτᾰ́ρνῠμαι"
      },
      "expansion": "πτᾰ́ρνῠμαι • (ptárnumai)",
      "name": "grc-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pres-numi",
        "2": "πτᾰρ",
        "form": "mp"
      },
      "name": "grc-conj"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "aor-2",
        "2": "ἐπτᾰρ",
        "3": "πτᾰρ",
        "form": "act"
      },
      "name": "grc-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek onomatopoeias",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "grc",
          "name": "Bodily functions",
          "orig": "grc:Bodily functions",
          "parents": [
            "Body",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to sneeze"
      ],
      "id": "en-πτάρνυμαι-grc-verb-ffaUr9QS",
      "links": [
        [
          "sneeze",
          "sneeze"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ptár.ny.mai̯/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈptar.ny.mɛ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈptar.ni.me/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ptár.ny.mai̯/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈptar.ny.mɛ/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈptar.ny.mɛ/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈptar.ny.me/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈptar.ni.me/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "πτάρνυμαι"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "title": "imitative"
      },
      "expansion": "imitative",
      "name": "onomatopoeic"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "kichać"
      },
      "expansion": "Polish kichać",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "чихать"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian чихать (čixatʹ)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "čiáudėti"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian čiáudėti",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "क्षु"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit क्षु (kṣu)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "br",
        "2": "strevia"
      },
      "expansion": "Breton strevia",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "sternuo",
        "3": "",
        "4": "I sneeze"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin sternuo (“I sneeze”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Presumably imitative or from a Proto-Indo-European root connected to Polish kichać, Russian чихать (čixatʹ), Lithuanian čiáudėti, Sanskrit क्षु (kṣu), Breton strevia and Latin sternuo (“I sneeze”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρνῠμαι",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ptárnumai",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρνῠμαι",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρνῠσαι",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρνῠται",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρνῠσθον",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρνῠσθον",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́μεθα",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρνῠσθε",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρνῠνται",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́ωμαι",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́ῃ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́ηται",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́ησθον",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́ησθον",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠώμεθᾰ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́ησθε",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́ωνται",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠοίμην",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "middle",
        "optative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́οιο",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "middle",
        "optative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́οιτο",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "middle",
        "optative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́οισθον",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "middle",
        "optative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠοίσθην",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "middle",
        "optative",
        "passive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠοίμεθᾰ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "middle",
        "optative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́οισθε",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "middle",
        "optative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́οιντο",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "middle",
        "optative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρνῠσο",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́σθω",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρνῠσθον",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́σθων",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρνῠσθε",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́σθων",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρνῠσθαι",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "middle",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́μενος",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "middle",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠμένη",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "middle",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρνῠ́μενον",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "middle",
        "neuter",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἔπτᾰρον",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἔπτᾰρες",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἔπτᾰρε",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἔπτᾰρεν",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπτᾰ́ρετον",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπτᾰρέτην",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπτᾰ́ρομεν",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἐπτᾰ́ρετε",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ἔπτᾰρον",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρω",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρῃς",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρῃ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρητον",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρητον",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρωμεν",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρητε",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρωσῐ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρωσῐν",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ροιμῐ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "optative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ροις",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "optative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ροι",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "optative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ροιτον",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "optative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰροίτην",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "optative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ροιμεν",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "optative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ροιτε",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "optative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ροιεν",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "optative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρε",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρέτω",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρετον",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρέτων",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰ́ρετε",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρόντων",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρεῖν",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "infinitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρών",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰροῦσᾰ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "πτᾰρόν",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "neuter",
        "participle",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "πτᾰ́ρνῠμαι"
      },
      "expansion": "πτᾰ́ρνῠμαι • (ptárnumai)",
      "name": "grc-verb"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pres-numi",
        "2": "πτᾰρ",
        "form": "mp"
      },
      "name": "grc-conj"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "aor-2",
        "2": "ἐπτᾰρ",
        "3": "πτᾰρ",
        "form": "act"
      },
      "name": "grc-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Ancient Greek 3-syllable words",
        "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
        "Ancient Greek lemmas",
        "Ancient Greek links with redundant alt parameters",
        "Ancient Greek onomatopoeias",
        "Ancient Greek proparoxytone terms",
        "Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
        "Ancient Greek verbs",
        "grc:Bodily functions"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to sneeze"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "sneeze",
          "sneeze"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ptár.ny.mai̯/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈptar.ny.mɛ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈptar.ni.me/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ptár.ny.mai̯/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈptar.ny.mɛ/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈptar.ny.mɛ/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈptar.ny.me/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈptar.ni.me/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "πτάρνυμαι"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.