See πλήν on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for πλήν meaning in All languages combined (15.2kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pelh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pelh₂-",
"4": "",
"5": "to approach"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pelh₂- (“to approach”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πέλας"
},
"expansion": "πέλας (pélas)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πλησίος"
},
"expansion": "πλησίος (plēsíos)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἔμπλην",
"3": "",
"4": "near, close by"
},
"expansion": "ἔμπλην (émplēn, “near, close by”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "besides"
},
"expansion": "besides",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *pelh₂- (“to approach”). Cognate with πέλας (pélas), πλησίος (plēsíos), ἔμπλην (émplēn, “near, close by”) and many more in root page.\nCompare the meaning and history of English besides.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "plḗn",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gen"
},
"expansion": "πλήν • (plḗn) (governs the genitive)",
"name": "grc-preposition"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 8.207"
},
{
"text": "750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, The Shield of Heracles 74"
},
{
"text": "525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 914"
},
{
"text": "497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 909"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 5.71"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 4.54"
},
{
"text": "380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 469C"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 2.4.27"
}
],
"glosses": [
"except, save, besides"
],
"id": "en-πλήν-grc-prep-BT-X~ZT2",
"links": [
[
"except",
"except"
],
[
"save",
"save"
],
[
"besides",
"besides"
]
],
"tags": [
"with-genitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/plɛ̌ːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/plin/"
},
{
"ipa": "/plin/"
},
{
"ipa": "/plɛ̌ːn/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ple̝n/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/plin/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/plin/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/plin/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "plā́n",
"tags": [
"Doric"
],
"word": "πλᾱ́ν"
}
],
"word": "πλήν"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "émplēn",
"word": "ἔμπλην"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "πλην"
},
"expansion": "Greek: πλην (plin)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: πλην (plin)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pelh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pelh₂-",
"4": "",
"5": "to approach"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pelh₂- (“to approach”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πέλας"
},
"expansion": "πέλας (pélas)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πλησίος"
},
"expansion": "πλησίος (plēsíos)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἔμπλην",
"3": "",
"4": "near, close by"
},
"expansion": "ἔμπλην (émplēn, “near, close by”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "besides"
},
"expansion": "besides",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *pelh₂- (“to approach”). Cognate with πέλας (pélas), πλησίος (plēsíos), ἔμπλην (émplēn, “near, close by”) and many more in root page.\nCompare the meaning and history of English besides.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "plḗn",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "conjunction",
"cat2": "",
"head": "πλήν",
"head2": ""
},
"expansion": "πλήν • (plḗn)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "πλήν • (plḗn)",
"name": "grc-conjunction"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 1238"
},
{
"text": "406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 1161"
},
{
"text": "458 BCE, Euripides, Electra 752"
},
{
"text": "497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 414"
},
{
"text": "458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Eumenides 125"
},
{
"text": "442 BCE, Sophocles, Antigone 646"
},
{
"text": "458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Eumenides 737"
},
{
"text": "380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 529A"
},
{
"text": "409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 299"
},
{
"text": "436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, Panathenaicus 19"
},
{
"text": "409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 1053"
},
{
"text": "429 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus the King 118"
},
{
"text": "409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 100"
},
{
"text": "497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 125"
},
{
"text": "442 BCE, Sophocles, Antigone 236"
},
{
"text": "388 BCE, Aristophanes, Plutus 106"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 1.2.1"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 334B"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE, Euripides, Herakles' Children 231"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Minos 318E"
},
{
"text": "361 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Midias 179"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Constitution of the Athenians 3.5"
}
],
"glosses": [
"except, save"
],
"id": "en-πλήν-grc-conj-m98hhgR8",
"links": [
[
"except",
"except"
],
[
"save",
"save"
]
],
"qualifier": "especially when a negative precedes",
"raw_glosses": [
"except, save",
"(with single words and phrases, especially when a negative precedes)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with single words and phrases"
],
"tags": []
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "400 BCE – 387 BCE, Plato, Apology 18D"
},
{
"text": "366 BCE – 348 BCE, Plato, Theaetetus 177D"
},
{
"text": "349 BCE, Demosthenes, Third Olynthiac 18"
},
{
"text": "341 BCE, Demosthenes, Fourth Philippic 39"
},
{
"text": "525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 260"
},
{
"text": "497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 293"
},
{
"text": "64 BCE – 24 CE, Strabo, Geography 7.3.8"
},
{
"text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 554B.2"
}
],
"glosses": [
"except, save",
"(with εἰ (ei))"
],
"id": "en-πλήν-grc-conj-2f1GHkaX",
"links": [
[
"except",
"except"
],
[
"save",
"save"
],
[
"εἰ",
"εἰ#Ancient Greek"
]
],
"qualifier": "often joined with other particles",
"raw_glosses": [
"except, save",
"(often joined with other particles)",
"(with εἰ (ei))",
"(followed by a verb)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"followed by a verb"
],
"tags": []
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "414 BCE, Aristophanes, The Birds 601"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hellenica 4.2.21"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, The Statesman 286D"
},
{
"text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, On Generation and Corruption 323B.26"
},
{
"text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, On the Soul 406B"
},
{
"text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Prior Analytics 43A.39"
},
{
"text": "371 BCE – 287 BCE, Theophrastus, On the Causes of Plants 1.10.6"
},
{
"text": "60 BCE – 7 BCE, Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities 4.74"
},
{
"text": "125 CE – 200 CE, Lucian, Soloecista 7"
}
],
"glosses": [
"except, save",
"(with εἰ (ei))"
],
"id": "en-πλήν-grc-conj-2f1GHkaX1",
"links": [
[
"except",
"except"
],
[
"save",
"save"
],
[
"εἰ",
"εἰ#Ancient Greek"
]
],
"qualifier": "often joined with other particles",
"raw_glosses": [
"except, save",
"(often joined with other particles)",
"(with εἰ (ei))",
"(with a verb omitted)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with a verb omitted"
],
"tags": []
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "423 BCE, Aristophanes, The Clouds 361"
},
{
"text": "411 BCE, Aristophanes, Thesmophoriazusae 532"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.111"
},
{
"text": "400 BCE – 387 BCE, Plato, Apology 42A"
},
{
"text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Metaphysics 981A.18"
}
],
"glosses": [
"except, save",
"(with ἤ (ḗ))"
],
"id": "en-πλήν-grc-conj-MlHvxp96",
"links": [
[
"except",
"except"
],
[
"save",
"save"
],
[
"ἤ",
"ἤ#Ancient Greek"
]
],
"qualifier": "often joined with other particles",
"raw_glosses": [
"except, save",
"(often joined with other particles)",
"(with ἤ (ḗ))"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with ἤ (ḗ)"
],
"tags": []
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 5 5 5 10 5 16 19 15 5 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hiero 1.18"
},
{
"text": "330 BCE, Demosthenes, On the Crown 45"
},
{
"text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Dionysodorus 23"
}
],
"glosses": [
"except, save",
"(with οὐ (ou)) only not",
"only not"
],
"id": "en-πλήν-grc-conj-VPQOBhvV",
"links": [
[
"except",
"except"
],
[
"save",
"save"
],
[
"οὐ",
"οὐ#Ancient Greek"
]
],
"qualifier": "often joined with other particles",
"raw_glosses": [
"except, save",
"(often joined with other particles)",
"(with οὐ (ou)) only not"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with οὐ (ou)"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "423 BCE, Aristophanes, The Clouds 1429"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.189"
},
{
"text": "366 BCE – 348 BCE, Plato, Theaetetus 183A"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedo 57B"
},
{
"text": "46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Pelopidas 4"
}
],
"glosses": [
"except, save",
"(with ὅτι (hóti)) except that, save that",
"except that, save that"
],
"id": "en-πλήν-grc-conj-Sw4zV9Lj",
"links": [
[
"except",
"except"
],
[
"save",
"save"
],
[
"ὅτι",
"ὅτι#Ancient Greek"
]
],
"qualifier": "often joined with other particles",
"raw_glosses": [
"except, save",
"(often joined with other particles)",
"(with ὅτι (hóti)) except that, save that"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with ὅτι (hóti)"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 5 5 5 10 5 16 19 15 5 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 7 7 7 7 7 13 12 9 7 7 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek genitive prepositions",
"parents": [
"Genitive prepositions",
"Prepositions",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 7 7 7 7 7 13 13 9 7 7 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.32"
},
{
"text": "60 BCE – 7 BCE, Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities 1.23"
},
{
"text": "380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 456A"
},
{
"text": "155 CE – 235 CE, Cassius Dio, Collected Works 72.19"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 6.88"
}
],
"glosses": [
"except, save",
"(with ὅσον (hóson)) except or save so far as",
"except or save so far as"
],
"id": "en-πλήν-grc-conj-Pqny-yY4",
"links": [
[
"except",
"except"
],
[
"save",
"save"
],
[
"ὅσον",
"ὅσον#Ancient Greek"
]
],
"qualifier": "often joined with other particles",
"raw_glosses": [
"except, save",
"(often joined with other particles)",
"(with ὅσον (hóson)) except or save so far as"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with ὅσον (hóson)"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 5 5 5 10 5 16 19 15 5 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 7 7 7 7 7 13 12 9 7 7 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek genitive prepositions",
"parents": [
"Genitive prepositions",
"Prepositions",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 7 7 7 7 7 13 13 9 7 7 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "429 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus the King 1509"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 7.23"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 670A"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 856D"
},
{
"text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics 1124B.30"
}
],
"glosses": [
"except, save",
"(with ὅσον (hóson)) except or save so far as",
"save so far as"
],
"id": "en-πλήν-grc-conj-Aj-QajAt",
"links": [
[
"except",
"except"
],
[
"save",
"save"
],
[
"ὅσον",
"ὅσον#Ancient Greek"
]
],
"qualifier": "often joined with other particles",
"raw_glosses": [
"except, save",
"(often joined with other particles)",
"(with ὅσον (hóson)) except or save so far as",
"(without a verb expressed) save so far as"
],
"raw_tags": [
"without a verb expressed"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 5 5 5 10 5 16 19 15 5 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 3 3 18 3 16 18 23 3 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 1.69.14"
},
{
"text": "200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 2.17.1"
},
{
"text": "53 CE – 55 CE, Paul the Apostle, First Epistle to the Corinthians 11:11"
},
{
"text": "200 BCE – 100 BCE, Diogenes of Oenoanda, Oenoandan Inscription 8"
},
{
"text": "46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Pericles 34"
},
{
"text": "46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Pyrrhus 5"
},
{
"text": "125 CE – 200 CE, Lucian, Prometheus 20"
},
{
"text": "125 CE – 200 CE, Lucian, Dialogues of the Dead 13.3"
},
{
"text": "125 CE – 200 CE, Lucian, Dialogues of the Dead 20.4"
},
{
"text": "125 CE – 200 CE, Lucian, A Professor of Public Speaking 24"
}
],
"glosses": [
"except, save",
"only"
],
"id": "en-πλήν-grc-conj-DRmIKT6b",
"links": [
[
"except",
"except"
],
[
"save",
"save"
],
[
"only",
"only"
]
],
"qualifier": "introducing a clause; to break off and pass to another subject; to break off and pass to another subject",
"raw_glosses": [
"except, save",
"(introducing a clause)",
"(to break off and pass to another subject) only"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "170 CE – 240 CE, Herodian, History of the Empire from the Death of Marcus 3.4.1"
},
{
"text": "200 CE – 400 CE, Heliodorus of Emesa, Aethiopica 6.7"
}
],
"glosses": [
"except, save"
],
"id": "en-πλήν-grc-conj-m98hhgR81",
"links": [
[
"except",
"except"
],
[
"save",
"save"
]
],
"qualifier": "introducing a clause; late prose; late prose",
"raw_glosses": [
"except, save",
"(introducing a clause)",
"(late prose)"
],
"tags": []
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "425 BCE, Aristophanes, Lysistrata 5"
},
{
"text": "497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Women of Trachis 41"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 1.8.20"
},
{
"text": "200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 1.18.2"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 7.32"
},
{
"text": "406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 1643"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 8.70"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 328E"
}
],
"glosses": [
"except, save"
],
"id": "en-πλήν-grc-conj-m98hhgR81",
"links": [
[
"except",
"except"
],
[
"save",
"save"
]
],
"qualifier": "introducing a clause",
"raw_glosses": [
"except, save",
"(introducing a clause)"
],
"tags": []
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/plɛ̌ːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/plin/"
},
{
"ipa": "/plin/"
},
{
"ipa": "/plɛ̌ːn/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ple̝n/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/plin/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/plin/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/plin/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "plā́n",
"tags": [
"Doric"
],
"word": "πλᾱ́ν"
}
],
"word": "πλήν"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek 1-syllable words",
"Ancient Greek conjunctions",
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek genitive prepositions",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek oxytone terms",
"Ancient Greek prepositions",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pelh₂-",
"Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ancient Greek terms with redundant head parameter",
"Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pelh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pelh₂-",
"4": "",
"5": "to approach"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pelh₂- (“to approach”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πέλας"
},
"expansion": "πέλας (pélas)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πλησίος"
},
"expansion": "πλησίος (plēsíos)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἔμπλην",
"3": "",
"4": "near, close by"
},
"expansion": "ἔμπλην (émplēn, “near, close by”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "besides"
},
"expansion": "besides",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *pelh₂- (“to approach”). Cognate with πέλας (pélas), πλησίος (plēsíos), ἔμπλην (émplēn, “near, close by”) and many more in root page.\nCompare the meaning and history of English besides.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "plḗn",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gen"
},
"expansion": "πλήν • (plḗn) (governs the genitive)",
"name": "grc-preposition"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 8.207"
},
{
"text": "750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, The Shield of Heracles 74"
},
{
"text": "525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 914"
},
{
"text": "497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 909"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 5.71"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 4.54"
},
{
"text": "380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 469C"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 2.4.27"
}
],
"glosses": [
"except, save, besides"
],
"links": [
[
"except",
"except"
],
[
"save",
"save"
],
[
"besides",
"besides"
]
],
"tags": [
"with-genitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/plɛ̌ːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/plin/"
},
{
"ipa": "/plin/"
},
{
"ipa": "/plɛ̌ːn/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ple̝n/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/plin/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/plin/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/plin/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "plā́n",
"tags": [
"Doric"
],
"word": "πλᾱ́ν"
}
],
"word": "πλήν"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek 1-syllable words",
"Ancient Greek conjunctions",
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek genitive prepositions",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek oxytone terms",
"Ancient Greek prepositions",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pelh₂-",
"Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ancient Greek terms with redundant head parameter",
"Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "émplēn",
"word": "ἔμπλην"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "πλην"
},
"expansion": "Greek: πλην (plin)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Greek: πλην (plin)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pelh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pelh₂-",
"4": "",
"5": "to approach"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pelh₂- (“to approach”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πέλας"
},
"expansion": "πέλας (pélas)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πλησίος"
},
"expansion": "πλησίος (plēsíos)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἔμπλην",
"3": "",
"4": "near, close by"
},
"expansion": "ἔμπλην (émplēn, “near, close by”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "besides"
},
"expansion": "besides",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *pelh₂- (“to approach”). Cognate with πέλας (pélas), πλησίος (plēsíos), ἔμπλην (émplēn, “near, close by”) and many more in root page.\nCompare the meaning and history of English besides.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "plḗn",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "conjunction",
"cat2": "",
"head": "πλήν",
"head2": ""
},
"expansion": "πλήν • (plḗn)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "πλήν • (plḗn)",
"name": "grc-conjunction"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 1238"
},
{
"text": "406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 1161"
},
{
"text": "458 BCE, Euripides, Electra 752"
},
{
"text": "497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 414"
},
{
"text": "458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Eumenides 125"
},
{
"text": "442 BCE, Sophocles, Antigone 646"
},
{
"text": "458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Eumenides 737"
},
{
"text": "380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 529A"
},
{
"text": "409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 299"
},
{
"text": "436 BCE – 338 BCE, Isocrates, Panathenaicus 19"
},
{
"text": "409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 1053"
},
{
"text": "429 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus the King 118"
},
{
"text": "409 BCE, Sophocles, Philoctetes 100"
},
{
"text": "497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 125"
},
{
"text": "442 BCE, Sophocles, Antigone 236"
},
{
"text": "388 BCE, Aristophanes, Plutus 106"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 1.2.1"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 334B"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE, Euripides, Herakles' Children 231"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Minos 318E"
},
{
"text": "361 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Midias 179"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Constitution of the Athenians 3.5"
}
],
"glosses": [
"except, save"
],
"links": [
[
"except",
"except"
],
[
"save",
"save"
]
],
"qualifier": "especially when a negative precedes",
"raw_glosses": [
"except, save",
"(with single words and phrases, especially when a negative precedes)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with single words and phrases"
],
"tags": []
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "400 BCE – 387 BCE, Plato, Apology 18D"
},
{
"text": "366 BCE – 348 BCE, Plato, Theaetetus 177D"
},
{
"text": "349 BCE, Demosthenes, Third Olynthiac 18"
},
{
"text": "341 BCE, Demosthenes, Fourth Philippic 39"
},
{
"text": "525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 260"
},
{
"text": "497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 293"
},
{
"text": "64 BCE – 24 CE, Strabo, Geography 7.3.8"
},
{
"text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, History of Animals 554B.2"
}
],
"glosses": [
"except, save",
"(with εἰ (ei))"
],
"links": [
[
"except",
"except"
],
[
"save",
"save"
],
[
"εἰ",
"εἰ#Ancient Greek"
]
],
"qualifier": "often joined with other particles",
"raw_glosses": [
"except, save",
"(often joined with other particles)",
"(with εἰ (ei))",
"(followed by a verb)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"followed by a verb"
],
"tags": []
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "414 BCE, Aristophanes, The Birds 601"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hellenica 4.2.21"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, The Statesman 286D"
},
{
"text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, On Generation and Corruption 323B.26"
},
{
"text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, On the Soul 406B"
},
{
"text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Prior Analytics 43A.39"
},
{
"text": "371 BCE – 287 BCE, Theophrastus, On the Causes of Plants 1.10.6"
},
{
"text": "60 BCE – 7 BCE, Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities 4.74"
},
{
"text": "125 CE – 200 CE, Lucian, Soloecista 7"
}
],
"glosses": [
"except, save",
"(with εἰ (ei))"
],
"links": [
[
"except",
"except"
],
[
"save",
"save"
],
[
"εἰ",
"εἰ#Ancient Greek"
]
],
"qualifier": "often joined with other particles",
"raw_glosses": [
"except, save",
"(often joined with other particles)",
"(with εἰ (ei))",
"(with a verb omitted)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with a verb omitted"
],
"tags": []
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "423 BCE, Aristophanes, The Clouds 361"
},
{
"text": "411 BCE, Aristophanes, Thesmophoriazusae 532"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.111"
},
{
"text": "400 BCE – 387 BCE, Plato, Apology 42A"
},
{
"text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Metaphysics 981A.18"
}
],
"glosses": [
"except, save",
"(with ἤ (ḗ))"
],
"links": [
[
"except",
"except"
],
[
"save",
"save"
],
[
"ἤ",
"ἤ#Ancient Greek"
]
],
"qualifier": "often joined with other particles",
"raw_glosses": [
"except, save",
"(often joined with other particles)",
"(with ἤ (ḗ))"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with ἤ (ḗ)"
],
"tags": []
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hiero 1.18"
},
{
"text": "330 BCE, Demosthenes, On the Crown 45"
},
{
"text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Dionysodorus 23"
}
],
"glosses": [
"except, save",
"(with οὐ (ou)) only not",
"only not"
],
"links": [
[
"except",
"except"
],
[
"save",
"save"
],
[
"οὐ",
"οὐ#Ancient Greek"
]
],
"qualifier": "often joined with other particles",
"raw_glosses": [
"except, save",
"(often joined with other particles)",
"(with οὐ (ou)) only not"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with οὐ (ou)"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "423 BCE, Aristophanes, The Clouds 1429"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 4.189"
},
{
"text": "366 BCE – 348 BCE, Plato, Theaetetus 183A"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Phaedo 57B"
},
{
"text": "46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Pelopidas 4"
}
],
"glosses": [
"except, save",
"(with ὅτι (hóti)) except that, save that",
"except that, save that"
],
"links": [
[
"except",
"except"
],
[
"save",
"save"
],
[
"ὅτι",
"ὅτι#Ancient Greek"
]
],
"qualifier": "often joined with other particles",
"raw_glosses": [
"except, save",
"(often joined with other particles)",
"(with ὅτι (hóti)) except that, save that"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with ὅτι (hóti)"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 2.32"
},
{
"text": "60 BCE – 7 BCE, Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities 1.23"
},
{
"text": "380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 456A"
},
{
"text": "155 CE – 235 CE, Cassius Dio, Collected Works 72.19"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 6.88"
}
],
"glosses": [
"except, save",
"(with ὅσον (hóson)) except or save so far as",
"except or save so far as"
],
"links": [
[
"except",
"except"
],
[
"save",
"save"
],
[
"ὅσον",
"ὅσον#Ancient Greek"
]
],
"qualifier": "often joined with other particles",
"raw_glosses": [
"except, save",
"(often joined with other particles)",
"(with ὅσον (hóson)) except or save so far as"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with ὅσον (hóson)"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "429 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus the King 1509"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 7.23"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 670A"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 856D"
},
{
"text": "384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics 1124B.30"
}
],
"glosses": [
"except, save",
"(with ὅσον (hóson)) except or save so far as",
"save so far as"
],
"links": [
[
"except",
"except"
],
[
"save",
"save"
],
[
"ὅσον",
"ὅσον#Ancient Greek"
]
],
"qualifier": "often joined with other particles",
"raw_glosses": [
"except, save",
"(often joined with other particles)",
"(with ὅσον (hóson)) except or save so far as",
"(without a verb expressed) save so far as"
],
"raw_tags": [
"without a verb expressed"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 1.69.14"
},
{
"text": "200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 2.17.1"
},
{
"text": "53 CE – 55 CE, Paul the Apostle, First Epistle to the Corinthians 11:11"
},
{
"text": "200 BCE – 100 BCE, Diogenes of Oenoanda, Oenoandan Inscription 8"
},
{
"text": "46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Pericles 34"
},
{
"text": "46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Pyrrhus 5"
},
{
"text": "125 CE – 200 CE, Lucian, Prometheus 20"
},
{
"text": "125 CE – 200 CE, Lucian, Dialogues of the Dead 13.3"
},
{
"text": "125 CE – 200 CE, Lucian, Dialogues of the Dead 20.4"
},
{
"text": "125 CE – 200 CE, Lucian, A Professor of Public Speaking 24"
}
],
"glosses": [
"except, save",
"only"
],
"links": [
[
"except",
"except"
],
[
"save",
"save"
],
[
"only",
"only"
]
],
"qualifier": "introducing a clause; to break off and pass to another subject; to break off and pass to another subject",
"raw_glosses": [
"except, save",
"(introducing a clause)",
"(to break off and pass to another subject) only"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "170 CE – 240 CE, Herodian, History of the Empire from the Death of Marcus 3.4.1"
},
{
"text": "200 CE – 400 CE, Heliodorus of Emesa, Aethiopica 6.7"
}
],
"glosses": [
"except, save"
],
"links": [
[
"except",
"except"
],
[
"save",
"save"
]
],
"qualifier": "introducing a clause; late prose; late prose",
"raw_glosses": [
"except, save",
"(introducing a clause)",
"(late prose)"
],
"tags": []
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "425 BCE, Aristophanes, Lysistrata 5"
},
{
"text": "497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Women of Trachis 41"
},
{
"text": "430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 1.8.20"
},
{
"text": "200 BCE – 118 BCE, Polybius, The Histories 1.18.2"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 7.32"
},
{
"text": "406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 1643"
},
{
"text": "460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 8.70"
},
{
"text": "428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Protagoras 328E"
}
],
"glosses": [
"except, save"
],
"links": [
[
"except",
"except"
],
[
"save",
"save"
]
],
"qualifier": "introducing a clause",
"raw_glosses": [
"except, save",
"(introducing a clause)"
],
"tags": []
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/plɛ̌ːn/"
},
{
"ipa": "/plin/"
},
{
"ipa": "/plin/"
},
{
"ipa": "/plɛ̌ːn/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ple̝n/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/plin/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/plin/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/plin/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "plā́n",
"tags": [
"Doric"
],
"word": "πλᾱ́ν"
}
],
"word": "πλήν"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.