See ǵem- on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ǵm̥-rós (“son in law”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*dzanra",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Albanian: *dzanra",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "or from <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ine-pro\">*ǵem-tēr</i>"
},
"expansion": "(or from *ǵem-tēr)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Albanian: *dzanra (or from *ǵem-tēr)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "dhëndër",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: dhëndër, dhëndërr, dhandër — Gheg, dhândërr — Gheg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: dhëndër, dhëndërr, dhandër — Gheg, dhândërr — Gheg"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γαμβρός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: γαμβρός (gambrós), γαβρός (gabrós), γαμρός (gamrós), γαββρός (gabbrós), γαμερός (gamerós)\nGreek: γαμπρός (gamprós)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: γαμβρός (gambrós), γαβρός (gabrós), γαμρός (gamrós), γαββρός (gabbrós), γαμερός (gamerós)\nGreek: γαμπρός (gamprós)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*genros"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *genros",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *genros"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "gener"
},
"expansion": "Latin: gener",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: gener (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ǵém-ti-s ~ *ǵm̥-téy-s (“matrimony”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*ȷ́ā́mtiš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *ȷ́ā́mtiš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *ȷ́ā́mtiš"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬰𐬁𐬨𐬌𐬙𐬌",
"t": "child-birth"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬰𐬁𐬨𐬌𐬙𐬌 (zāmiti, “child-birth”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬰𐬁𐬨𐬌𐬙𐬌 (zāmiti, “child-birth”)"
},
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*źénˀtis",
"3": "*źénˀtas",
"t2": "son-in-law",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Balto-Slavic: *źénˀtis, *źénˀtas (“son-in-law”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Balto-Slavic: *źénˀtis, *źénˀtas (“son-in-law”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γᾰ́μος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: γᾰ́μος (gắmos)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: γᾰ́μος (gắmos) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γαμέω",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ γαμέω (gaméō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ γαμέω (gaméō)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*ȷ́ā́mātā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ȷ́ā́mātā",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ȷ́ā́mātā (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "जार",
"t": "paramour, lover, intimate companion",
"tr": "jā́ra, jārá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: जार (jā́ra, jārá, “paramour, lover, intimate companion”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: जार (jā́ra, jārá, “paramour, lover, intimate companion”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "जार्य",
"t": "intimacy; companionship",
"tr": "jāryá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: जार्य (jāryá, “intimacy; companionship”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: जार्य (jāryá, “intimacy; companionship”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "जाया",
"t": "wife",
"tr": "jāyā́"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: जाया (jāyā́, “wife”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: जाया (jāyā́, “wife”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "or from <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ine-pro\">*ǵenh₁-</i>"
},
"expansion": "(or from *ǵenh₁-)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Indo-Iranian: (or from *ǵenh₁-)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "जामि",
"t": "female relative; daughter-in-law; consanguinity",
"tr": "jāmí"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: जामि (jāmí, “female relative; daughter-in-law; consanguinity”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: जामि (jāmí, “female relative; daughter-in-law; consanguinity”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*ȷ́āmiš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *ȷ́āmiš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *ȷ́āmiš"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae-yng",
"2": "𐬵𐬎𐬰𐬁𐬨𐬌",
"der": "1",
"t": "good, easy birth"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Younger Avestan: 𐬵𐬎𐬰𐬁𐬨𐬌 (huzāmi, “good, easy birth”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+ <i class=\"Avst mention\" lang=\"ae\">𐬵𐬎-</i> (hu-)"
},
"expansion": "(+ 𐬵𐬎- (hu-))",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Younger Avestan: 𐬵𐬎𐬰𐬁𐬨𐬌 (huzāmi, “good, easy birth”) (+ 𐬵𐬎- (hu-))"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵem-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European CeR-shaped roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to marry"
],
"id": "en-ǵem--ine-pro-root-nshN-OtS",
"links": [
[
"marry",
"marry"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Vladimir Orel"
]
}
],
"word": "ǵem-"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ǵm̥-rós (“son in law”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*dzanra",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Albanian: *dzanra",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "or from <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ine-pro\">*ǵem-tēr</i>"
},
"expansion": "(or from *ǵem-tēr)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Albanian: *dzanra (or from *ǵem-tēr)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "dhëndër",
"alts": "1"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: dhëndër, dhëndërr, dhandër — Gheg, dhândërr — Gheg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: dhëndër, dhëndërr, dhandër — Gheg, dhândërr — Gheg"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γαμβρός"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: γαμβρός (gambrós), γαβρός (gabrós), γαμρός (gamrós), γαββρός (gabbrós), γαμερός (gamerós)\nGreek: γαμπρός (gamprós)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: γαμβρός (gambrós), γαβρός (gabrós), γαμρός (gamrós), γαββρός (gabbrós), γαμερός (gamerós)\nGreek: γαμπρός (gamprós)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*genros"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic: *genros",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic: *genros"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "gener"
},
"expansion": "Latin: gener",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: gener (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "*ǵém-ti-s ~ *ǵm̥-téy-s (“matrimony”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*ȷ́ā́mtiš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *ȷ́ā́mtiš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *ȷ́ā́mtiš"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬰𐬁𐬨𐬌𐬙𐬌",
"t": "child-birth"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬰𐬁𐬨𐬌𐬙𐬌 (zāmiti, “child-birth”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬰𐬁𐬨𐬌𐬙𐬌 (zāmiti, “child-birth”)"
},
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*źénˀtis",
"3": "*źénˀtas",
"t2": "son-in-law",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Balto-Slavic: *źénˀtis, *źénˀtas (“son-in-law”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Balto-Slavic: *źénˀtis, *źénˀtas (“son-in-law”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γᾰ́μος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: γᾰ́μος (gắmos)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: γᾰ́μος (gắmos) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "γαμέω",
"der": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ γαμέω (gaméō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ γαμέω (gaméō)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*ȷ́ā́mātā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ȷ́ā́mātā",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *ȷ́ā́mātā (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "जार",
"t": "paramour, lover, intimate companion",
"tr": "jā́ra, jārá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: जार (jā́ra, jārá, “paramour, lover, intimate companion”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: जार (jā́ra, jārá, “paramour, lover, intimate companion”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "जार्य",
"t": "intimacy; companionship",
"tr": "jāryá"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: जार्य (jāryá, “intimacy; companionship”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: जार्य (jāryá, “intimacy; companionship”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Indo-Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "जाया",
"t": "wife",
"tr": "jāyā́"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: जाया (jāyā́, “wife”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: जाया (jāyā́, “wife”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Proto-Indo-Iranian:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "or from <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ine-pro\">*ǵenh₁-</i>"
},
"expansion": "(or from *ǵenh₁-)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": ">? Proto-Indo-Iranian: (or from *ǵenh₁-)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "inc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Aryan:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "जामि",
"t": "female relative; daughter-in-law; consanguinity",
"tr": "jāmí"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit: जामि (jāmí, “female relative; daughter-in-law; consanguinity”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanskrit: जामि (jāmí, “female relative; daughter-in-law; consanguinity”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*ȷ́āmiš"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *ȷ́āmiš",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *ȷ́āmiš"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae-yng",
"2": "𐬵𐬎𐬰𐬁𐬨𐬌",
"der": "1",
"t": "good, easy birth"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Younger Avestan: 𐬵𐬎𐬰𐬁𐬨𐬌 (huzāmi, “good, easy birth”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "+ <i class=\"Avst mention\" lang=\"ae\">𐬵𐬎-</i> (hu-)"
},
"expansion": "(+ 𐬵𐬎- (hu-))",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Younger Avestan: 𐬵𐬎𐬰𐬁𐬨𐬌 (huzāmi, “good, easy birth”) (+ 𐬵𐬎- (hu-))"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵem-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Indo-European CeR-shaped roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"glosses": [
"to marry"
],
"links": [
[
"marry",
"marry"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Vladimir Orel"
]
}
],
"word": "ǵem-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ǵem- meaning in All languages combined (6.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-20 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.