See čášma on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬗𐬀𐬱𐬨𐬀𐬥"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬗𐬀𐬱𐬨𐬀𐬥 (cašman)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬗𐬀𐬱𐬨𐬀𐬥 (cašman)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northeastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xsc-pro",
"2": "*cašma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Scythian: *cašma\nOld Ossetic: *casm (“loop, noose”)\nOssetian:\nDigor Ossetian: цанс (cans)\nIron Ossetian: цасм (casm)\nProto-Saka-Wakhi: *cašma (“eye”)\nKhotanese: [script needed] (tcęimä)\nWakhi: č̣əẓ̌m",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Scythian: *cašma\nOld Ossetic: *casm (“loop, noose”)\nOssetian:\nDigor Ossetian: цанс (cans)\nIron Ossetian: цасм (casm)\nProto-Saka-Wakhi: *cašma (“eye”)\nKhotanese: [script needed] (tcęimä)\nWakhi: č̣əẓ̌m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sogdo-Bactrian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xco",
"2": "څم",
"tr": "cm",
"ts": "cam"
},
"expansion": "Khwarezmian: څم (cm /cam/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khwarezmian: څم (cm /cam/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "-",
"ts": "čašm"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian: (/čašm/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian: (/čašm/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "𐫝𐫢𐫖",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "cšm"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫝𐫢𐫖 (cšm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫝𐫢𐫖 (cšm)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "𐼿𐽁𐼺",
"sc": "Sogd",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "cšm"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian script: 𐼿𐽁𐼺 (cšm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian script: 𐼿𐽁𐼺 (cšm)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "ܨܫܡ",
"sc": "Syrc",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "cšm"
},
"expansion": "Syriac script: ܨܫܡ (cšm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Syriac script: ܨܫܡ (cšm)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southeastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-sgi-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sanglechi-Ishkashimi:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Sanglechi-Ishkashimi:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "isk",
"2": "",
"tr": "cām"
},
"expansion": "Ishkashimi: [script needed] (cām)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ishkashimi: [script needed] (cām)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sgy",
"2": "",
"tr": "cāṃ"
},
"expansion": "Sanglechi: [script needed] (cāṃ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanglechi: [script needed] (cāṃ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-sym-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-mny-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Munji-Yidgha:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Munji-Yidgha:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mnj",
"2": "",
"tr": "cam"
},
"expansion": "Munji: [script needed] (cam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Munji: [script needed] (cam)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ydg",
"2": "څم",
"3": "چم",
"tr": "cam",
"tr2": "čam"
},
"expansion": "Yidgha: څم (cam), چم (čam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yidgha: څم (cam), چم (čam)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-shy-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-shr-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Shughni-Roshani:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Shughni-Roshani:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srh",
"2": "cem"
},
"expansion": "Sarikoli: cem",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sarikoli: cem"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sgh",
"2": "цем",
"3": "цӣм",
"4": "ца̄м",
"q2": "Bartangi, Oroshori",
"q3": "Khufi"
},
"expansion": "Shughni: цем (cēm), (Bartangi, Oroshori) цӣм (cīm), (Khufi) ца̄м (cām)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shughni: цем (cēm), (Bartangi, Oroshori) цӣм (cīm), (Khufi) ца̄м (cām)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yah",
"2": "ча̄м"
},
"expansion": "Yazghulami: ча̄м (čām)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yazghulami: ча̄м (čām)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bal",
"2": "چم",
"tr": "čam"
},
"expansion": "Baluchi: چم (čam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Baluchi: چم (čam)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kurdish:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "چاو"
},
"expansion": "Central Kurdish: چاو (çaw)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Kurdish: چاو (çaw)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "çav"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: çav",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: çav"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sdh",
"2": "چاو"
},
"expansion": "Southern Kurdish: چاو (çaw)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Kurdish: چاو (çaw), چەو (çew)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lki",
"2": "چەم"
},
"expansion": "Laki: چەم (çem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Laki: چەم (çem)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Medo-Parthian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Caspian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "glk",
"2": "چشم",
"3": "چشم",
"4": "چوشم",
"5": "چوم",
"tr": "čəšm",
"tr2": "čašm",
"tr3": "čušm",
"tr4": "čum"
},
"expansion": "Gilaki: چشم (čəšm), چشم (čašm), چوشم (čušm), چوم (čum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gilaki: چشم (čəšm), چشم (čašm), چوشم (čušm), چوم (čum)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mzn",
"2": "چش",
"tr": "češ"
},
"expansion": "Mazanderani: چش (češ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mazanderani: چش (češ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-old",
"2": "*čašma"
},
"expansion": "Old Median: *čašma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Median: *čašma"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-ker",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Kermanic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kermanic:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-yaz",
"2": "چم",
"tr": "čem"
},
"expansion": "Yazdi: چم (čem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yazdi: چم (čem)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gbz",
"2": "چم",
"tr": "čam"
},
"expansion": "Zoroastrian Dari: چم (čam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Zoroastrian Dari: چم (čam)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-ttc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tatic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tatic:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly",
"2": "-",
"ts": "čaš(m)"
},
"expansion": "Talysh: (/čaš(m)/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Talysh: (/čaš(m)/)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly",
"2": "چش",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Arabic script: چش",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Arabic script: چش, چشم"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly",
"2": "çəş",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: çəş",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: çəş, çəşm"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-ott",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Tati:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Tati:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-azr",
"2": "چشم",
"tr": "čušm, čašm"
},
"expansion": "Old Azari: چشم (čušm, čašm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Azari: چشم (čušm, čašm)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐫝𐫢𐫖",
"sc": "Mani",
"tr": "čšm",
"ts": "čašm"
},
"expansion": "Parthian: 𐫝𐫢𐫖 (čšm /čašm/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Parthian: 𐫝𐫢𐫖 (čšm /čašm/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Zaza-Gurani:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hac",
"2": "چەم",
"tr": "čam"
},
"expansion": "Gurani: چەم (čam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gurani: چەم (čam)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "çım"
},
"expansion": "Zazaki: çım",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Zazaki: çım"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎨𐏁𐎠𐎶𐎴",
"ts": "cašman-"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian: 𐎨𐏁𐎠𐎶𐎴 (c-š-a-m-n /cašman-/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Persian: 𐎨𐏁𐎠𐎶𐎴 (c-š-a-m-n /cašman-/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "-",
"ts": "čašm"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: (/čašm/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: (/čašm/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐫝𐫢𐫖",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "čšm"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫝𐫢𐫖 (čšm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫝𐫢𐫖 (čšm)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "AYNE"
},
"expansion": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (AYNE)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (AYNE), [script needed] (čšm)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐮀𐮈𐮌𐮇",
"sc": "Phlp",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "AYNH̠"
},
"expansion": "Psalter Pahlavi script: 𐮀𐮈𐮌𐮇 (AYNH̠)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Psalter Pahlavi script: 𐮀𐮈𐮌𐮇 (AYNH̠)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "جَحْمَة",
"bor": "1",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "→ Arabic: جَحْمَة f (jaḥma)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Yemen, obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(Yemen, obsolete)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Arabic: جَحْمَة f (jaḥma) (Yemen, obsolete)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*čáćšma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *čáćšma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*kʷéḱ-s-mn̥"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷéḱ-s-mn̥",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Iranian *čáćšma, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷéḱ-s-mn̥, from *kʷeḱ-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "*čášma n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Iranian",
"lang_code": "ira-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/čášma",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Gurani terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Harzani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Karingani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Persian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Parthian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Parthian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sogdian terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sogdian terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"eye"
],
"id": "en-čášma-ira-pro-noun-R8IVtfcO",
"links": [
[
"eye",
"eye"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "čášma"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Central Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬗𐬀𐬱𐬨𐬀𐬥"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬗𐬀𐬱𐬨𐬀𐬥 (cašman)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬗𐬀𐬱𐬨𐬀𐬥 (cašman)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northeastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xsc-pro",
"2": "*cašma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Scythian: *cašma\nOld Ossetic: *casm (“loop, noose”)\nOssetian:\nDigor Ossetian: цанс (cans)\nIron Ossetian: цасм (casm)\nProto-Saka-Wakhi: *cašma (“eye”)\nKhotanese: [script needed] (tcęimä)\nWakhi: č̣əẓ̌m",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Scythian: *cašma\nOld Ossetic: *casm (“loop, noose”)\nOssetian:\nDigor Ossetian: цанс (cans)\nIron Ossetian: цасм (casm)\nProto-Saka-Wakhi: *cašma (“eye”)\nKhotanese: [script needed] (tcęimä)\nWakhi: č̣əẓ̌m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sogdo-Bactrian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xco",
"2": "څم",
"tr": "cm",
"ts": "cam"
},
"expansion": "Khwarezmian: څم (cm /cam/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khwarezmian: څم (cm /cam/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "-",
"ts": "čašm"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian: (/čašm/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian: (/čašm/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "𐫝𐫢𐫖",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "cšm"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫝𐫢𐫖 (cšm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫝𐫢𐫖 (cšm)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "𐼿𐽁𐼺",
"sc": "Sogd",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "cšm"
},
"expansion": "Sogdian script: 𐼿𐽁𐼺 (cšm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sogdian script: 𐼿𐽁𐼺 (cšm)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sog",
"2": "ܨܫܡ",
"sc": "Syrc",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "cšm"
},
"expansion": "Syriac script: ܨܫܡ (cšm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Syriac script: ܨܫܡ (cšm)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southeastern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-sgi-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sanglechi-Ishkashimi:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Sanglechi-Ishkashimi:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "isk",
"2": "",
"tr": "cām"
},
"expansion": "Ishkashimi: [script needed] (cām)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ishkashimi: [script needed] (cām)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sgy",
"2": "",
"tr": "cāṃ"
},
"expansion": "Sanglechi: [script needed] (cāṃ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sanglechi: [script needed] (cāṃ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-sym-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami-Munji:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-mny-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Munji-Yidgha:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Munji-Yidgha:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mnj",
"2": "",
"tr": "cam"
},
"expansion": "Munji: [script needed] (cam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Munji: [script needed] (cam)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ydg",
"2": "څم",
"3": "چم",
"tr": "cam",
"tr2": "čam"
},
"expansion": "Yidgha: څم (cam), چم (čam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yidgha: څم (cam), چم (čam)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-shy-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Shughni-Yazghulami:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-shr-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Shughni-Roshani:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Shughni-Roshani:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "srh",
"2": "cem"
},
"expansion": "Sarikoli: cem",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sarikoli: cem"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sgh",
"2": "цем",
"3": "цӣм",
"4": "ца̄м",
"q2": "Bartangi, Oroshori",
"q3": "Khufi"
},
"expansion": "Shughni: цем (cēm), (Bartangi, Oroshori) цӣм (cīm), (Khufi) ца̄м (cām)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Shughni: цем (cēm), (Bartangi, Oroshori) цӣм (cīm), (Khufi) ца̄м (cām)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yah",
"2": "ча̄м"
},
"expansion": "Yazghulami: ча̄м (čām)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yazghulami: ча̄м (čām)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bal",
"2": "چم",
"tr": "čam"
},
"expansion": "Baluchi: چم (čam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Baluchi: چم (čam)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kurdish:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ckb",
"2": "چاو"
},
"expansion": "Central Kurdish: چاو (çaw)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Kurdish: چاو (çaw)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "çav"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: çav",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: çav"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sdh",
"2": "چاو"
},
"expansion": "Southern Kurdish: چاو (çaw)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Kurdish: چاو (çaw), چەو (çew)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lki",
"2": "چەم"
},
"expansion": "Laki: چەم (çem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Laki: چەم (çem)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Medo-Parthian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Caspian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "glk",
"2": "چشم",
"3": "چشم",
"4": "چوشم",
"5": "چوم",
"tr": "čəšm",
"tr2": "čašm",
"tr3": "čušm",
"tr4": "čum"
},
"expansion": "Gilaki: چشم (čəšm), چشم (čašm), چوشم (čušm), چوم (čum)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gilaki: چشم (čəšm), چشم (čašm), چوشم (čušm), چوم (čum)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mzn",
"2": "چش",
"tr": "češ"
},
"expansion": "Mazanderani: چش (češ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Mazanderani: چش (češ)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-old",
"2": "*čašma"
},
"expansion": "Old Median: *čašma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Median: *čašma"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-ker",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Kermanic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kermanic:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-yaz",
"2": "چم",
"tr": "čem"
},
"expansion": "Yazdi: چم (čem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Yazdi: چم (čem)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gbz",
"2": "چم",
"tr": "čam"
},
"expansion": "Zoroastrian Dari: چم (čam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Zoroastrian Dari: چم (čam)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-ttc-pro"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tatic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Tatic:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly",
"2": "-",
"ts": "čaš(m)"
},
"expansion": "Talysh: (/čaš(m)/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Talysh: (/čaš(m)/)"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly",
"2": "چش",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Arabic script: چش",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Arabic script: چش, چشم"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tly",
"2": "çəş",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: çəş",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: çəş, çəşm"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-ott",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Tati:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Tati:"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xme-azr",
"2": "چشم",
"tr": "čušm, čašm"
},
"expansion": "Old Azari: چشم (čušm, čašm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Azari: چشم (čušm, čašm)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xpr",
"2": "𐫝𐫢𐫖",
"sc": "Mani",
"tr": "čšm",
"ts": "čašm"
},
"expansion": "Parthian: 𐫝𐫢𐫖 (čšm /čašm/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Parthian: 𐫝𐫢𐫖 (čšm /čašm/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Zaza-Gurani:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hac",
"2": "چەم",
"tr": "čam"
},
"expansion": "Gurani: چەم (čam)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gurani: چەم (čam)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zza",
"2": "çım"
},
"expansion": "Zazaki: çım",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Zazaki: çım"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southwestern Iranian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎨𐏁𐎠𐎶𐎴",
"ts": "cašman-"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian: 𐎨𐏁𐎠𐎶𐎴 (c-š-a-m-n /cašman-/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Persian: 𐎨𐏁𐎠𐎶𐎴 (c-š-a-m-n /cašman-/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "-",
"ts": "čašm"
},
"expansion": "Middle Persian: (/čašm/)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Persian: (/čašm/)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐫝𐫢𐫖",
"sc": "Mani",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "čšm"
},
"expansion": "Manichaean script: 𐫝𐫢𐫖 (čšm)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Manichaean script: 𐫝𐫢𐫖 (čšm)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"sc": "Phlv",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "AYNE"
},
"expansion": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (AYNE)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (AYNE), [script needed] (čšm)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pal",
"2": "𐮀𐮈𐮌𐮇",
"sc": "Phlp",
"sclb": "1",
"tr": "AYNH̠"
},
"expansion": "Psalter Pahlavi script: 𐮀𐮈𐮌𐮇 (AYNH̠)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Psalter Pahlavi script: 𐮀𐮈𐮌𐮇 (AYNH̠)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "جَحْمَة",
"bor": "1",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "→ Arabic: جَحْمَة f (jaḥma)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Yemen, obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(Yemen, obsolete)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Arabic: جَحْمَة f (jaḥma) (Yemen, obsolete)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*čáćšma"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *čáćšma",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*kʷéḱ-s-mn̥"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kʷéḱ-s-mn̥",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-Iranian *čáćšma, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷéḱ-s-mn̥, from *kʷeḱ-.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "*čášma n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Iranian",
"lang_code": "ira-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/čášma",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Gurani terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Harzani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Karingani terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Middle Persian term requests",
"Middle Persian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Middle Persian terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Parthian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Parthian terms with redundant script codes",
"Proto-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Iranian lemmas",
"Proto-Iranian neuter nouns",
"Proto-Iranian nouns",
"Proto-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Proto-Iranian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Iranian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Requests for Book Pahlavi script for Middle Persian terms",
"Requests for native script for Ishkashimi terms",
"Requests for native script for Khotanese terms",
"Requests for native script for Middle Persian terms",
"Requests for native script for Munji terms",
"Requests for native script for Sanglechi terms",
"Requests for native script for Tat terms",
"Sogdian term requests",
"Sogdian terms with redundant script codes",
"Sogdian terms with redundant transliterations",
"Talysh term requests",
"ira-pro:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"eye"
],
"links": [
[
"eye",
"eye"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "čášma"
}
Download raw JSONL data for čášma meaning in All languages combined (11.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.