層 (Chinese character) 層/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Hong-Kong not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Beginning Mandarin", "Chinese classifiers", "Chinese entries with incorrect language header", "Chinese hanzi", "Chinese lemmas", "Chinese nouns", "Chinese terms spelled with 層", "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation", "Chinese verbs", "Eastern Min classifiers", "Eastern Min hanzi", "Eastern Min lemmas", "Eastern Min nouns", "Eastern Min verbs", "Middle Chinese classifiers", "Middle Chinese hanzi", "Middle Chinese lemmas", "Middle Chinese nouns", "Middle Chinese verbs", "Northern Min classifiers", "Northern Min hanzi", "Northern Min lemmas", "Northern Min nouns", "Northern Min verbs", "Old Chinese classifiers", "Old Chinese hanzi", "Old Chinese lemmas", "Old Chinese nouns", "Old Chinese verbs", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries"], "derived": [{"roman": "yīcéng", "word": "一層"}, {"roman": "yīcéng", "word": "一层"}, {"word": "一層天"}, {"word": "一层天"}, {"word": "三層"}, {"word": "三层"}, {"roman": "xiàcéng", "word": "下層"}, {"roman": "xiàcéng", "word": "下层"}, {"roman": "shàngcéng", "word": "上層"}, {"roman": "shàngcéng", "word": "上层"}, {"word": "三層仔"}, {"word": "三层仔"}, {"roman": "sāncéngròu", "word": "三層肉"}, {"roman": "sāncéngròu", "word": "三层肉"}, {"word": "下層階級"}, {"word": "下层阶级"}, {"roman": "zhōngcéng", "word": "中層"}, {"roman": "zhōngcéng", "word": "中层"}, {"word": "中氣層"}, {"word": "中气层"}, {"roman": "zhōngpēicéng", "word": "中胚層"}, {"roman": "zhōngpēicéng", "word": "中胚层"}, {"roman": "jiǔcéngtǎ", "word": "九層塔"}, {"roman": "jiǔcéngtǎ", "word": "九层塔"}, {"word": "傾移斷層"}, {"word": "倾移断层"}, {"word": "內層"}, {"word": "内层"}, {"word": "分層負責"}, {"word": "分层负责"}, {"word": "剝一層皮"}, {"word": "剥一层皮"}, {"roman": "qiāncénggāo", "word": "千層糕"}, {"roman": "qiāncénggāo", "word": "千层糕"}, {"roman": "qiāncéngmiàn", "word": "千層麵"}, {"roman": "qiāncéngmiàn", "word": "千层面"}, {"roman": "juǎncéngyún", "word": "卷層雲"}, {"roman": "juǎncéngyún", "word": "卷层云"}, {"word": "向斜層"}, {"word": "向斜层"}, {"word": "同斜層"}, {"word": "同斜层"}, {"roman": "tóngwēncéng", "word": "同溫層"}, {"roman": "tóngwēncéng", "word": "同温层"}, {"roman": "hánshuǐcéng", "word": "含水層"}, {"roman": "hánshuǐcéng", "word": "含水层"}, {"word": "單斜層"}, {"word": "单斜层"}, {"word": "土層"}, {"word": "土层"}, {"roman": "dìcéng", "word": "地層"}, {"roman": "dìcéng", "word": "地层"}, {"word": "地層下陷"}, {"word": "地层下陷"}, {"roman": "jīcéng", "word": "基層"}, {"roman": "jīcéng", "word": "基层"}, {"word": "基層建設"}, {"word": "基层建设"}, {"word": "基層組織"}, {"word": "基层组织"}, {"word": "基層行政"}, {"word": "基层行政"}, {"roman": "túcéng", "word": "塗層"}, {"roman": "túcéng", "word": "涂层"}, {"roman": "wàicéng", "word": "外層"}, {"roman": "wàicéng", "word": "外层"}, {"roman": "wàipēicéng", "word": "外胚層"}, {"roman": "wàipēicéng", "word": "外胚层"}, {"roman": "dàqìcéng", "word": "大氣層"}, {"roman": "dàqìcéng", "word": "大气层"}, {"word": "大腦皮層"}, {"word": "大脑皮层"}, {"word": "大陸礁層"}, {"word": "大陆礁层"}, {"roman": "jiācéng", "word": "夾層"}, {"roman": "jiācéng", "word": "夹层"}, {"word": "夾層屋"}, {"word": "夹层屋"}, {"word": "密密層層"}, {"word": "密密层层"}, {"word": "密層層"}, {"word": "密层层"}, {"roman": "duìliúcéng", "word": "對流層"}, {"roman": "duìliúcéng", "word": "对流层"}, {"roman": "céngchūbùqióng", "word": "層出不窮"}, {"roman": "céngchūbùqióng", "word": "层出不穷"}, {"roman": "céngchūdiéxiàn", "word": "層出疊見"}, {"roman": "céngchūdiéxiàn", "word": "层出叠见"}, {"roman": "céngbào", "word": "層報"}, {"roman": "céngbào", "word": "层报"}, {"word": "層壓"}, {"word": "层压"}, {"word": "層壓法"}, {"word": "层压法"}, {"word": "層密"}, {"word": "层密"}, {"roman": "céngcéng", "word": "層層"}, {"roman": "céngcéng", "word": "层层"}, {"word": "層層加碼"}, {"word": "层层加码"}, {"word": "層層深入"}, {"word": "层层深入"}, {"word": "層層疊疊"}, {"word": "层层叠叠"}, {"word": "層峰"}, {"word": "层峰"}, {"roman": "céngluán", "word": "層巒"}, {"roman": "céngluán", "word": "层峦"}, {"word": "層巒疊嶂"}, {"word": "层峦叠嶂"}, {"word": "層序分明"}, {"word": "层序分明"}, {"word": "層態"}, {"word": "层态"}, {"roman": "cénglín", "word": "層林"}, {"roman": "cénglín", "word": "层林"}, {"word": "層樓"}, {"word": "层楼"}, {"roman": "Céngtán", "word": "層檀"}, {"roman": "Céngtán", "word": "层檀"}, {"roman": "céngcì", "word": "層次"}, {"roman": "céngcì", "word": "层次"}, {"word": "層次井然"}, {"word": "层次井然"}, {"word": "層次分明"}, {"word": "层次分明"}, {"roman": "céngliú", "word": "層流"}, {"roman": "céngliú", "word": "层流"}, {"word": "層浪"}, {"word": "层浪"}, {"word": "層瀾"}, {"word": "层澜"}, {"word": "層理"}, {"word": "层理"}, {"word": "層甍"}, {"word": "层甍"}, {"roman": "céngdié", "word": "層疊"}, {"roman": "céngdié", "word": "层叠"}, {"word": "層積法"}, {"word": "层积法"}, {"roman": "céngjīyún", "word": "層積雲"}, {"roman": "céngjīyún", "word": "层积云"}, {"roman": "céngjí", "word": "層級"}, {"roman": "céngjí", "word": "层级"}, {"word": "層臺"}, {"word": "层台"}, {"roman": "céngxiàndiéchū", "word": "層見疊出"}, {"roman": "céngxiàndiéchū", "word": "层见叠出"}, {"word": "層遞"}, {"word": "层递"}, {"roman": "céngyún", "word": "層雲"}, {"roman": "céngyún", "word": "层云"}, {"roman": "céngmiàn", "word": "層面"}, {"roman": "céngmiàn", "word": "层面"}, {"word": "岩層"}, {"word": "岩层"}, {"word": "常溫層"}, {"word": "常温层"}, {"roman": "píngliúcéng", "word": "平流層"}, {"roman": "píngliúcéng", "word": "平流层"}, {"word": "平移斷層"}, {"word": "平移断层"}, {"word": "年齡層"}, {"word": "年龄层"}, {"roman": "dǐcéng", "word": "底層"}, {"roman": "dǐcéng", "word": "底层"}, {"roman": "xíngchéngcéng", "word": "形成層"}, {"roman": "xíngchéngcéng", "word": "形成层"}, {"word": "恆溫層"}, {"word": "恒温层"}, {"word": "文化層"}, {"word": "文化层"}, {"word": "斜溫層"}, {"word": "斜温层"}, {"roman": "duàncéng", "word": "斷層"}, {"roman": "duàncéng", "word": "断层"}, {"roman": "duàncéng sǎomiáo", "word": "斷層掃描"}, {"roman": "duàncéng sǎomiáo", "word": "断层扫描"}, {"roman": "gèngshàngyīcénglóu", "word": "更上一層樓"}, {"roman": "gèngshàngyīcénglóu", "word": "更上一层楼"}, {"word": "更上層樓"}, {"word": "更上层楼"}, {"word": "楞層"}, {"word": "楞层"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "楼层"}, {"word": "正斷層"}, {"word": "正断层"}, {"word": "氣密層"}, {"word": "气密层"}, {"word": "沖積層"}, {"word": "冲积层"}, {"word": "油層"}, {"word": "油层"}, {"word": "活斷層"}, {"word": "活断层"}, {"word": "洪積層"}, {"word": "洪积层"}, {"word": "海成層"}, {"word": "海成层"}, {"word": "混合層"}, {"word": "混合层"}, {"word": "游離層"}, {"word": "游离层"}, {"word": "炭層"}, {"word": "炭层"}, {"roman": "méicéng", "word": "煤層"}, {"roman": "méicéng", "word": "煤层"}, {"word": "熱氣層"}, {"word": "热气层"}, {"word": "特權階層"}, {"word": "特权阶层"}, {"word": "疊嶺層巒"}, {"word": "叠岭层峦"}, {"word": "白千層"}, {"word": "白千层"}, {"word": "皮層"}, {"word": "皮层"}, {"word": "矽鎂層"}, {"word": "矽镁层"}, {"word": "礦層"}, {"word": "矿层"}, {"word": "稜層"}, {"word": "棱层"}, {"word": "綠皮層"}, {"word": "绿皮层"}, {"roman": "pēicéng", "word": "胚層"}, {"roman": "pēicéng", "word": "胚层"}, {"word": "背斜層"}, {"word": "背斜层"}, {"word": "胞間層"}, {"word": "胞间层"}, {"roman": "chòuyǎngcéng", "word": "臭氧層"}, {"roman": "chòuyǎngcéng", "word": "臭氧层"}, {"word": "表土層"}, {"word": "表土层"}, {"roman": "biǎocéng", "word": "表層"}, {"roman": "biǎocéng", "word": "表层"}, {"roman": "jiǎozhìcéng", "word": "角質層"}, {"roman": "jiǎozhìcéng", "word": "角质层"}, {"word": "變溫層"}, {"word": "变温层"}, {"word": "逆溫層"}, {"word": "逆温层"}, {"roman": "jiēcéng", "word": "階層"}, {"roman": "jiēcéng", "word": "阶层"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng", "word": "雙層"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng", "word": "双层"}, {"word": "雙層公路"}, {"word": "双层公路"}, {"word": "雙層公車"}, {"word": "双层公车"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng bāshì", "word": "雙層巴士"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng bāshì", "word": "双层巴士"}, {"roman": "yǔcéngyún", "word": "雨層雲"}, {"roman": "yǔcéngyún", "word": "雨层云"}, {"roman": "yúncéng", "word": "雲層"}, {"roman": "yúncéng", "word": "云层"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng", "word": "頂層"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng", "word": "顶层"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng shèjì", "word": "頂層設計"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng shèjì", "word": "顶层设计"}, {"word": "高層人士"}, {"word": "高层人士"}, {"word": "高階層"}, {"word": "高阶层"}, {"word": "鳥糞層"}, {"word": "鸟粪层"}], "descendants": [{"depth": 0, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "層"}, "expansion": "層", "name": "lang"}, {"args": {"1": "ja", "2": "-", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Japanese:", "name": "desc"}, {"args": {"1": "層", "2": "そう", "gloss": ""}, "expansion": "層(そう) (sō)", "name": "ja-r"}, {"args": {"1": "ko", "2": "층(層)", "3": "", "4": "", "5": "", "bor": "1", "id": "層", "id2": "", "id3": "", "id4": "", "t": "", "t2": "", "t3": "", "t4": ""}, "expansion": "→ Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "desc"}, {"args": {"1": "層", "2": "そう", "3": "층", "4": "", "5": "", "6": "", "h": "層", "j2": "", "j2t": "", "j3": "", "j3t": "", "j4": "", "j4t": "", "jdesc": "", "jje2": "", "jje2t": "", "jje3": "", "jje3t": "", "jje4": "", "jje4t": "", "jjedesc": "", "jjet": "", "jt": "", "k2": "", "k2t": "", "k3": "", "k3t": "", "k4": "", "k4t": "", "kdesc": "", "kt": "", "o": "層", "o2": "", "o2t": "", "o3": "", "o3t": "", "o4": "", "o4t": "", "odesc": "", "ot": "", "s": "層", "v": "層", "v2": "", "v2t": "", "v3": "", "v3t": "", "v4": "", "v4t": "", "vdesc": "", "vt": ""}, "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "CJKV/code"}, {"args": {"1": "", "2": "そう", "3": "층"}, "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "CJKV"}], "text": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)"}, {"depth": 1, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "vi", "2": "tầng", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Vietnamese: tầng", "name": "desc"}], "text": "→ Vietnamese: tầng"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "Han phono-semantic compounds"}, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize"}, {"args": {"1": "psc", "adj": "", "nocap": "", "pron": "OC *zɯːŋ"}, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ)", "name": "liushu"}, {"args": {"1": "尸", "2": "曾", "c1": "s", "c2": "p", "ls": "psc"}, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ): semantic 尸 + phonetic 曾 (OC *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯːŋ)", "name": "Han compound"}, {"args": {"1": "Baxter and Sagart (2014)"}, "expansion": "Baxter and Sagart (2014)", "name": "zh-ref"}, {"args": {"1": "增", "2": "to increase, to expand, to add", "tr": "*s-tˤəŋ"}, "expansion": "增 (OC *s-tˤəŋ, “to increase, to expand, to add”)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "登", "2": "to go up, to climb", "tr": "*tˤəŋ"}, "expansion": "登 (OC *tˤəŋ, “to go up, to climb”)", "name": "och-l"}], "etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ): semantic 尸 + phonetic 曾 (OC *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯːŋ).\nThe Baxter and Sagart (2014) reconstruction suggests this word is derived from 增 (OC *s-tˤəŋ, “to increase, to expand, to add”), in turn derived from 登 (OC *tˤəŋ, “to go up, to climb”).", "forms": [{"form": "层", "raw_tags": ["Simplified Chinese"]}, {"form": "曾"}, {"form": "层", "raw_tags": ["Simplified Chinese"]}, {"form": "沿"}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "hanzi"}, "expansion": "層", "name": "head"}], "lang": "Chinese", "lang_code": "zh", "pos": "character", "senses": [{"glosses": ["to pile up; to overlap"], "links": [["pile up", "pile up"], ["overlap", "overlap"]]}, {"glosses": ["thing made of layers"], "links": [["layer", "layer"]]}, {"glosses": ["layer; storey; floor; stratum"], "links": [["layer", "layer"], ["storey", "storey"], ["floor", "floor"], ["stratum", "stratum"]]}, {"glosses": ["Classifier for things arranged in layers, storeys or levels."], "links": [["layer", "layer"], ["storey", "storey"], ["level", "level"]]}, {"categories": ["Southern Min Chinese"], "glosses": ["Classifier for events."], "links": [["event", "event"]], "raw_glosses": ["(Southern Min) Classifier for events."], "tags": ["Min", "Southern"]}], "sounds": [{"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin", "standard"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin", "standard"], "zh-pron": "ceng²"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "bopomofo", "standard"], "zh-pron": "ㄘㄥˊ"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "цын"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "cɨn"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "I"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "cang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su", "Sixian"], "zh-pron": "chhèn"}, {"zh-pron": "cǎing"}, {"zh-pron": "cèng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chn̂g"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chêng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chân"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chàn"}, {"tags": ["Peng'im", "Teochew"], "zh-pron": "zang⁵"}, {"zh-pron": "⁶zen"}, {"tags": ["Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "bopomofo"], "zh-pron": "ㄘㄥˊ"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Tongyong-Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Wade-Giles"], "zh-pron": "tsʻêng²"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "tséng"}, {"tags": ["Gwoyeu-Romatsyh", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "tserng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "цэн"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "cɛn"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/", "tags": ["Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰəŋ²⁴/", "tags": ["Dungan", "Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "cang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "chàhng"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "tsang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangdong-Romanization", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong"], "zh-pron": "ceng⁴"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/", "tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su"], "zh-pron": "chhèn"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Hakka-Romanization-System"], "zh-pron": "cen^ˇ"}, {"tags": ["Hagfa-Pinyim", "Hakka"], "zh-pron": "cen²"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰen¹¹/", "tags": ["Hakka", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Jian'ou", "Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"], "zh-pron": "cǎing"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saiŋ²¹/", "tags": ["Jian'ou", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Foochow-Romanized", "Fuzhou"], "zh-pron": "cèng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sɛiŋ⁵³/", "tags": ["Fuzhou", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsn̂g"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zngg"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sŋ̍²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Quanzhou"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsîng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zeeng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Xiamen"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ¹³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Zhangzhou"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsân"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zaan"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Kaohsiung"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Zhangzhou"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Quanzhou", "Taipei", "Xiamen"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsàn"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zaxn"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹¹/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Taipei"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²¹/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Kaohsiung"]}, {"tags": ["POJ", "Teochew"], "zh-pron": "tsâng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saŋ⁵⁵/", "tags": ["Sinological-IPA", "Teochew"]}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "⁶zen"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "zen^去"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "³zen"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "/zən²³/"}, {"tags": ["Middle-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "dzong"}, {"tags": ["Baxter-Sagart", "Old-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "/*N-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"tags": ["Baxter-Sagart", "Old-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "/*m-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"tags": ["Old-Chinese", "Zhengzhang"], "zh-pron": "/*zɯːŋ/"}, {"other": "/ chêng /"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰəŋ²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰen¹¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saiŋ²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sɛiŋ⁵³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sŋ̍²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ¹³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saŋ⁵⁵/"}, {"ipa": "/zən²³/"}, {"other": "/*N-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"other": "/*m-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"other": "/*zɯːŋ/"}], "synonyms": [{"roman": "lóu", "word": "樓／楼"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層／楼层"}, {"english": "more colloquial and more used", "roman": "lóu", "word": "樓"}, {"english": "more colloquial and more used", "roman": "lóu", "word": "楼"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "楼层"}, {"roman": "chàn", "sense": "storey", "tags": ["Hokkien"], "word": "棧"}, {"roman": "chàn", "sense": "storey", "tags": ["Hokkien"], "word": "栈"}], "word": "層"}
層 (Chinese character) 層/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Hong-Kong not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Beginning Mandarin", "Chinese classifiers", "Chinese entries with incorrect language header", "Chinese hanzi", "Chinese lemmas", "Chinese nouns", "Chinese terms spelled with 層", "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation", "Chinese verbs", "Eastern Min classifiers", "Eastern Min hanzi", "Eastern Min lemmas", "Eastern Min nouns", "Eastern Min verbs", "Middle Chinese classifiers", "Middle Chinese hanzi", "Middle Chinese lemmas", "Middle Chinese nouns", "Middle Chinese verbs", "Northern Min classifiers", "Northern Min hanzi", "Northern Min lemmas", "Northern Min nouns", "Northern Min verbs", "Old Chinese classifiers", "Old Chinese hanzi", "Old Chinese lemmas", "Old Chinese nouns", "Old Chinese verbs", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries"], "derived": [{"roman": "yīcéng", "word": "一層"}, {"roman": "yīcéng", "word": "一层"}, {"word": "一層天"}, {"word": "一层天"}, {"word": "三層"}, {"word": "三层"}, {"roman": "xiàcéng", "word": "下層"}, {"roman": "xiàcéng", "word": "下层"}, {"roman": "shàngcéng", "word": "上層"}, {"roman": "shàngcéng", "word": "上层"}, {"word": "三層仔"}, {"word": "三层仔"}, {"roman": "sāncéngròu", "word": "三層肉"}, {"roman": "sāncéngròu", "word": "三层肉"}, {"word": "下層階級"}, {"word": "下层阶级"}, {"roman": "zhōngcéng", "word": "中層"}, {"roman": "zhōngcéng", "word": "中层"}, {"word": "中氣層"}, {"word": "中气层"}, {"roman": "zhōngpēicéng", "word": "中胚層"}, {"roman": "zhōngpēicéng", "word": "中胚层"}, {"roman": "jiǔcéngtǎ", "word": "九層塔"}, {"roman": "jiǔcéngtǎ", "word": "九层塔"}, {"word": "傾移斷層"}, {"word": "倾移断层"}, {"word": "內層"}, {"word": "内层"}, {"word": "分層負責"}, {"word": "分层负责"}, {"word": "剝一層皮"}, {"word": "剥一层皮"}, {"roman": "qiāncénggāo", "word": "千層糕"}, {"roman": "qiāncénggāo", "word": "千层糕"}, {"roman": "qiāncéngmiàn", "word": "千層麵"}, {"roman": "qiāncéngmiàn", "word": "千层面"}, {"roman": "juǎncéngyún", "word": "卷層雲"}, {"roman": "juǎncéngyún", "word": "卷层云"}, {"word": "向斜層"}, {"word": "向斜层"}, {"word": "同斜層"}, {"word": "同斜层"}, {"roman": "tóngwēncéng", "word": "同溫層"}, {"roman": "tóngwēncéng", "word": "同温层"}, {"roman": "hánshuǐcéng", "word": "含水層"}, {"roman": "hánshuǐcéng", "word": "含水层"}, {"word": "單斜層"}, {"word": "单斜层"}, {"word": "土層"}, {"word": "土层"}, {"roman": "dìcéng", "word": "地層"}, {"roman": "dìcéng", "word": "地层"}, {"word": "地層下陷"}, {"word": "地层下陷"}, {"roman": "jīcéng", "word": "基層"}, {"roman": "jīcéng", "word": "基层"}, {"word": "基層建設"}, {"word": "基层建设"}, {"word": "基層組織"}, {"word": "基层组织"}, {"word": "基層行政"}, {"word": "基层行政"}, {"roman": "túcéng", "word": "塗層"}, {"roman": "túcéng", "word": "涂层"}, {"roman": "wàicéng", "word": "外層"}, {"roman": "wàicéng", "word": "外层"}, {"roman": "wàipēicéng", "word": "外胚層"}, {"roman": "wàipēicéng", "word": "外胚层"}, {"roman": "dàqìcéng", "word": "大氣層"}, {"roman": "dàqìcéng", "word": "大气层"}, {"word": "大腦皮層"}, {"word": "大脑皮层"}, {"word": "大陸礁層"}, {"word": "大陆礁层"}, {"roman": "jiācéng", "word": "夾層"}, {"roman": "jiācéng", "word": "夹层"}, {"word": "夾層屋"}, {"word": "夹层屋"}, {"word": "密密層層"}, {"word": "密密层层"}, {"word": "密層層"}, {"word": "密层层"}, {"roman": "duìliúcéng", "word": "對流層"}, {"roman": "duìliúcéng", "word": "对流层"}, {"roman": "céngchūbùqióng", "word": "層出不窮"}, {"roman": "céngchūbùqióng", "word": "层出不穷"}, {"roman": "céngchūdiéxiàn", "word": "層出疊見"}, {"roman": "céngchūdiéxiàn", "word": "层出叠见"}, {"roman": "céngbào", "word": "層報"}, {"roman": "céngbào", "word": "层报"}, {"word": "層壓"}, {"word": "层压"}, {"word": "層壓法"}, {"word": "层压法"}, {"word": "層密"}, {"word": "层密"}, {"roman": "céngcéng", "word": "層層"}, {"roman": "céngcéng", "word": "层层"}, {"word": "層層加碼"}, {"word": "层层加码"}, {"word": "層層深入"}, {"word": "层层深入"}, {"word": "層層疊疊"}, {"word": "层层叠叠"}, {"word": "層峰"}, {"word": "层峰"}, {"roman": "céngluán", "word": "層巒"}, {"roman": "céngluán", "word": "层峦"}, {"word": "層巒疊嶂"}, {"word": "层峦叠嶂"}, {"word": "層序分明"}, {"word": "层序分明"}, {"word": "層態"}, {"word": "层态"}, {"roman": "cénglín", "word": "層林"}, {"roman": "cénglín", "word": "层林"}, {"word": "層樓"}, {"word": "层楼"}, {"roman": "Céngtán", "word": "層檀"}, {"roman": "Céngtán", "word": "层檀"}, {"roman": "céngcì", "word": "層次"}, {"roman": "céngcì", "word": "层次"}, {"word": "層次井然"}, {"word": "层次井然"}, {"word": "層次分明"}, {"word": "层次分明"}, {"roman": "céngliú", "word": "層流"}, {"roman": "céngliú", "word": "层流"}, {"word": "層浪"}, {"word": "层浪"}, {"word": "層瀾"}, {"word": "层澜"}, {"word": "層理"}, {"word": "层理"}, {"word": "層甍"}, {"word": "层甍"}, {"roman": "céngdié", "word": "層疊"}, {"roman": "céngdié", "word": "层叠"}, {"word": "層積法"}, {"word": "层积法"}, {"roman": "céngjīyún", "word": "層積雲"}, {"roman": "céngjīyún", "word": "层积云"}, {"roman": "céngjí", "word": "層級"}, {"roman": "céngjí", "word": "层级"}, {"word": "層臺"}, {"word": "层台"}, {"roman": "céngxiàndiéchū", "word": "層見疊出"}, {"roman": "céngxiàndiéchū", "word": "层见叠出"}, {"word": "層遞"}, {"word": "层递"}, {"roman": "céngyún", "word": "層雲"}, {"roman": "céngyún", "word": "层云"}, {"roman": "céngmiàn", "word": "層面"}, {"roman": "céngmiàn", "word": "层面"}, {"word": "岩層"}, {"word": "岩层"}, {"word": "常溫層"}, {"word": "常温层"}, {"roman": "píngliúcéng", "word": "平流層"}, {"roman": "píngliúcéng", "word": "平流层"}, {"word": "平移斷層"}, {"word": "平移断层"}, {"word": "年齡層"}, {"word": "年龄层"}, {"roman": "dǐcéng", "word": "底層"}, {"roman": "dǐcéng", "word": "底层"}, {"roman": "xíngchéngcéng", "word": "形成層"}, {"roman": "xíngchéngcéng", "word": "形成层"}, {"word": "恆溫層"}, {"word": "恒温层"}, {"word": "文化層"}, {"word": "文化层"}, {"word": "斜溫層"}, {"word": "斜温层"}, {"roman": "duàncéng", "word": "斷層"}, {"roman": "duàncéng", "word": "断层"}, {"roman": "duàncéng sǎomiáo", "word": "斷層掃描"}, {"roman": "duàncéng sǎomiáo", "word": "断层扫描"}, {"roman": "gèngshàngyīcénglóu", "word": "更上一層樓"}, {"roman": "gèngshàngyīcénglóu", "word": "更上一层楼"}, {"word": "更上層樓"}, {"word": "更上层楼"}, {"word": "楞層"}, {"word": "楞层"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "楼层"}, {"word": "正斷層"}, {"word": "正断层"}, {"word": "氣密層"}, {"word": "气密层"}, {"word": "沖積層"}, {"word": "冲积层"}, {"word": "油層"}, {"word": "油层"}, {"word": "活斷層"}, {"word": "活断层"}, {"word": "洪積層"}, {"word": "洪积层"}, {"word": "海成層"}, {"word": "海成层"}, {"word": "混合層"}, {"word": "混合层"}, {"word": "游離層"}, {"word": "游离层"}, {"word": "炭層"}, {"word": "炭层"}, {"roman": "méicéng", "word": "煤層"}, {"roman": "méicéng", "word": "煤层"}, {"word": "熱氣層"}, {"word": "热气层"}, {"word": "特權階層"}, {"word": "特权阶层"}, {"word": "疊嶺層巒"}, {"word": "叠岭层峦"}, {"word": "白千層"}, {"word": "白千层"}, {"word": "皮層"}, {"word": "皮层"}, {"word": "矽鎂層"}, {"word": "矽镁层"}, {"word": "礦層"}, {"word": "矿层"}, {"word": "稜層"}, {"word": "棱层"}, {"word": "綠皮層"}, {"word": "绿皮层"}, {"roman": "pēicéng", "word": "胚層"}, {"roman": "pēicéng", "word": "胚层"}, {"word": "背斜層"}, {"word": "背斜层"}, {"word": "胞間層"}, {"word": "胞间层"}, {"roman": "chòuyǎngcéng", "word": "臭氧層"}, {"roman": "chòuyǎngcéng", "word": "臭氧层"}, {"word": "表土層"}, {"word": "表土层"}, {"roman": "biǎocéng", "word": "表層"}, {"roman": "biǎocéng", "word": "表层"}, {"roman": "jiǎozhìcéng", "word": "角質層"}, {"roman": "jiǎozhìcéng", "word": "角质层"}, {"word": "變溫層"}, {"word": "变温层"}, {"word": "逆溫層"}, {"word": "逆温层"}, {"roman": "jiēcéng", "word": "階層"}, {"roman": "jiēcéng", "word": "阶层"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng", "word": "雙層"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng", "word": "双层"}, {"word": "雙層公路"}, {"word": "双层公路"}, {"word": "雙層公車"}, {"word": "双层公车"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng bāshì", "word": "雙層巴士"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng bāshì", "word": "双层巴士"}, {"roman": "yǔcéngyún", "word": "雨層雲"}, {"roman": "yǔcéngyún", "word": "雨层云"}, {"roman": "yúncéng", "word": "雲層"}, {"roman": "yúncéng", "word": "云层"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng", "word": "頂層"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng", "word": "顶层"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng shèjì", "word": "頂層設計"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng shèjì", "word": "顶层设计"}, {"word": "高層人士"}, {"word": "高层人士"}, {"word": "高階層"}, {"word": "高阶层"}, {"word": "鳥糞層"}, {"word": "鸟粪层"}], "descendants": [{"depth": 0, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "層"}, "expansion": "層", "name": "lang"}, {"args": {"1": "ja", "2": "-", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Japanese:", "name": "desc"}, {"args": {"1": "層", "2": "そう", "gloss": ""}, "expansion": "層(そう) (sō)", "name": "ja-r"}, {"args": {"1": "ko", "2": "층(層)", "3": "", "4": "", "5": "", "bor": "1", "id": "層", "id2": "", "id3": "", "id4": "", "t": "", "t2": "", "t3": "", "t4": ""}, "expansion": "→ Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "desc"}, {"args": {"1": "層", "2": "そう", "3": "층", "4": "", "5": "", "6": "", "h": "層", "j2": "", "j2t": "", "j3": "", "j3t": "", "j4": "", "j4t": "", "jdesc": "", "jje2": "", "jje2t": "", "jje3": "", "jje3t": "", "jje4": "", "jje4t": "", "jjedesc": "", "jjet": "", "jt": "", "k2": "", "k2t": "", "k3": "", "k3t": "", "k4": "", "k4t": "", "kdesc": "", "kt": "", "o": "層", "o2": "", "o2t": "", "o3": "", "o3t": "", "o4": "", "o4t": "", "odesc": "", "ot": "", "s": "層", "v": "層", "v2": "", "v2t": "", "v3": "", "v3t": "", "v4": "", "v4t": "", "vdesc": "", "vt": ""}, "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "CJKV/code"}, {"args": {"1": "", "2": "そう", "3": "층"}, "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "CJKV"}], "text": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)"}, {"depth": 1, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "vi", "2": "tầng", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Vietnamese: tầng", "name": "desc"}], "text": "→ Vietnamese: tầng"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "Han phono-semantic compounds"}, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize"}, {"args": {"1": "psc", "adj": "", "nocap": "", "pron": "OC *zɯːŋ"}, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ)", "name": "liushu"}, {"args": {"1": "尸", "2": "曾", "c1": "s", "c2": "p", "ls": "psc"}, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ): semantic 尸 + phonetic 曾 (OC *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯːŋ)", "name": "Han compound"}, {"args": {"1": "Baxter and Sagart (2014)"}, "expansion": "Baxter and Sagart (2014)", "name": "zh-ref"}, {"args": {"1": "增", "2": "to increase, to expand, to add", "tr": "*s-tˤəŋ"}, "expansion": "增 (OC *s-tˤəŋ, “to increase, to expand, to add”)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "登", "2": "to go up, to climb", "tr": "*tˤəŋ"}, "expansion": "登 (OC *tˤəŋ, “to go up, to climb”)", "name": "och-l"}], "etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ): semantic 尸 + phonetic 曾 (OC *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯːŋ).\nThe Baxter and Sagart (2014) reconstruction suggests this word is derived from 增 (OC *s-tˤəŋ, “to increase, to expand, to add”), in turn derived from 登 (OC *tˤəŋ, “to go up, to climb”).", "forms": [{"form": "层", "raw_tags": ["Simplified Chinese"]}, {"form": "曾"}, {"form": "层", "raw_tags": ["Simplified Chinese"]}, {"form": "沿"}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "hanzi"}, "expansion": "層", "name": "head"}], "lang": "Chinese", "lang_code": "zh", "pos": "character", "senses": [{"glosses": ["to pile up; to overlap"], "links": [["pile up", "pile up"], ["overlap", "overlap"]]}, {"glosses": ["thing made of layers"], "links": [["layer", "layer"]]}, {"glosses": ["layer; storey; floor; stratum"], "links": [["layer", "layer"], ["storey", "storey"], ["floor", "floor"], ["stratum", "stratum"]]}, {"glosses": ["Classifier for things arranged in layers, storeys or levels."], "links": [["layer", "layer"], ["storey", "storey"], ["level", "level"]]}, {"categories": ["Southern Min Chinese"], "glosses": ["Classifier for events."], "links": [["event", "event"]], "raw_glosses": ["(Southern Min) Classifier for events."], "tags": ["Min", "Southern"]}], "sounds": [{"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin", "standard"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin", "standard"], "zh-pron": "ceng²"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "bopomofo", "standard"], "zh-pron": "ㄘㄥˊ"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "цын"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "cɨn"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "I"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "cang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su", "Sixian"], "zh-pron": "chhèn"}, {"zh-pron": "cǎing"}, {"zh-pron": "cèng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chn̂g"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chêng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chân"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chàn"}, {"tags": ["Peng'im", "Teochew"], "zh-pron": "zang⁵"}, {"zh-pron": "⁶zen"}, {"tags": ["Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "bopomofo"], "zh-pron": "ㄘㄥˊ"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Tongyong-Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Wade-Giles"], "zh-pron": "tsʻêng²"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "tséng"}, {"tags": ["Gwoyeu-Romatsyh", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "tserng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "цэн"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "cɛn"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/", "tags": ["Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰəŋ²⁴/", "tags": ["Dungan", "Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "cang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "chàhng"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "tsang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangdong-Romanization", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong"], "zh-pron": "ceng⁴"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/", "tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su"], "zh-pron": "chhèn"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Hakka-Romanization-System"], "zh-pron": "cen^ˇ"}, {"tags": ["Hagfa-Pinyim", "Hakka"], "zh-pron": "cen²"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰen¹¹/", "tags": ["Hakka", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Jian'ou", "Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"], "zh-pron": "cǎing"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saiŋ²¹/", "tags": ["Jian'ou", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Foochow-Romanized", "Fuzhou"], "zh-pron": "cèng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sɛiŋ⁵³/", "tags": ["Fuzhou", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsn̂g"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zngg"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sŋ̍²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Quanzhou"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsîng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zeeng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Xiamen"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ¹³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Zhangzhou"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsân"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zaan"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Kaohsiung"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Zhangzhou"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Quanzhou", "Taipei", "Xiamen"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsàn"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zaxn"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹¹/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Taipei"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²¹/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Kaohsiung"]}, {"tags": ["POJ", "Teochew"], "zh-pron": "tsâng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saŋ⁵⁵/", "tags": ["Sinological-IPA", "Teochew"]}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "⁶zen"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "zen^去"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "³zen"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "/zən²³/"}, {"tags": ["Middle-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "dzong"}, {"tags": ["Baxter-Sagart", "Old-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "/*N-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"tags": ["Baxter-Sagart", "Old-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "/*m-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"tags": ["Old-Chinese", "Zhengzhang"], "zh-pron": "/*zɯːŋ/"}, {"other": "/ chêng /"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰəŋ²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰen¹¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saiŋ²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sɛiŋ⁵³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sŋ̍²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ¹³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saŋ⁵⁵/"}, {"ipa": "/zən²³/"}, {"other": "/*N-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"other": "/*m-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"other": "/*zɯːŋ/"}], "synonyms": [{"roman": "lóu", "word": "樓／楼"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層／楼层"}, {"english": "more colloquial and more used", "roman": "lóu", "word": "樓"}, {"english": "more colloquial and more used", "roman": "lóu", "word": "楼"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "楼层"}, {"roman": "chàn", "sense": "storey", "tags": ["Hokkien"], "word": "棧"}, {"roman": "chàn", "sense": "storey", "tags": ["Hokkien"], "word": "栈"}], "word": "層"}
層 (Chinese character) 層/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Hong-Kong not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Beginning Mandarin", "Chinese classifiers", "Chinese entries with incorrect language header", "Chinese hanzi", "Chinese lemmas", "Chinese nouns", "Chinese terms spelled with 層", "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation", "Chinese verbs", "Eastern Min classifiers", "Eastern Min hanzi", "Eastern Min lemmas", "Eastern Min nouns", "Eastern Min verbs", "Middle Chinese classifiers", "Middle Chinese hanzi", "Middle Chinese lemmas", "Middle Chinese nouns", "Middle Chinese verbs", "Northern Min classifiers", "Northern Min hanzi", "Northern Min lemmas", "Northern Min nouns", "Northern Min verbs", "Old Chinese classifiers", "Old Chinese hanzi", "Old Chinese lemmas", "Old Chinese nouns", "Old Chinese verbs", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries"], "derived": [{"roman": "yīcéng", "word": "一層"}, {"roman": "yīcéng", "word": "一层"}, {"word": "一層天"}, {"word": "一层天"}, {"word": "三層"}, {"word": "三层"}, {"roman": "xiàcéng", "word": "下層"}, {"roman": "xiàcéng", "word": "下层"}, {"roman": "shàngcéng", "word": "上層"}, {"roman": "shàngcéng", "word": "上层"}, {"word": "三層仔"}, {"word": "三层仔"}, {"roman": "sāncéngròu", "word": "三層肉"}, {"roman": "sāncéngròu", "word": "三层肉"}, {"word": "下層階級"}, {"word": "下层阶级"}, {"roman": "zhōngcéng", "word": "中層"}, {"roman": "zhōngcéng", "word": "中层"}, {"word": "中氣層"}, {"word": "中气层"}, {"roman": "zhōngpēicéng", "word": "中胚層"}, {"roman": "zhōngpēicéng", "word": "中胚层"}, {"roman": "jiǔcéngtǎ", "word": "九層塔"}, {"roman": "jiǔcéngtǎ", "word": "九层塔"}, {"word": "傾移斷層"}, {"word": "倾移断层"}, {"word": "內層"}, {"word": "内层"}, {"word": "分層負責"}, {"word": "分层负责"}, {"word": "剝一層皮"}, {"word": "剥一层皮"}, {"roman": "qiāncénggāo", "word": "千層糕"}, {"roman": "qiāncénggāo", "word": "千层糕"}, {"roman": "qiāncéngmiàn", "word": "千層麵"}, {"roman": "qiāncéngmiàn", "word": "千层面"}, {"roman": "juǎncéngyún", "word": "卷層雲"}, {"roman": "juǎncéngyún", "word": "卷层云"}, {"word": "向斜層"}, {"word": "向斜层"}, {"word": "同斜層"}, {"word": "同斜层"}, {"roman": "tóngwēncéng", "word": "同溫層"}, {"roman": "tóngwēncéng", "word": "同温层"}, {"roman": "hánshuǐcéng", "word": "含水層"}, {"roman": "hánshuǐcéng", "word": "含水层"}, {"word": "單斜層"}, {"word": "单斜层"}, {"word": "土層"}, {"word": "土层"}, {"roman": "dìcéng", "word": "地層"}, {"roman": "dìcéng", "word": "地层"}, {"word": "地層下陷"}, {"word": "地层下陷"}, {"roman": "jīcéng", "word": "基層"}, {"roman": "jīcéng", "word": "基层"}, {"word": "基層建設"}, {"word": "基层建设"}, {"word": "基層組織"}, {"word": "基层组织"}, {"word": "基層行政"}, {"word": "基层行政"}, {"roman": "túcéng", "word": "塗層"}, {"roman": "túcéng", "word": "涂层"}, {"roman": "wàicéng", "word": "外層"}, {"roman": "wàicéng", "word": "外层"}, {"roman": "wàipēicéng", "word": "外胚層"}, {"roman": "wàipēicéng", "word": "外胚层"}, {"roman": "dàqìcéng", "word": "大氣層"}, {"roman": "dàqìcéng", "word": "大气层"}, {"word": "大腦皮層"}, {"word": "大脑皮层"}, {"word": "大陸礁層"}, {"word": "大陆礁层"}, {"roman": "jiācéng", "word": "夾層"}, {"roman": "jiācéng", "word": "夹层"}, {"word": "夾層屋"}, {"word": "夹层屋"}, {"word": "密密層層"}, {"word": "密密层层"}, {"word": "密層層"}, {"word": "密层层"}, {"roman": "duìliúcéng", "word": "對流層"}, {"roman": "duìliúcéng", "word": "对流层"}, {"roman": "céngchūbùqióng", "word": "層出不窮"}, {"roman": "céngchūbùqióng", "word": "层出不穷"}, {"roman": "céngchūdiéxiàn", "word": "層出疊見"}, {"roman": "céngchūdiéxiàn", "word": "层出叠见"}, {"roman": "céngbào", "word": "層報"}, {"roman": "céngbào", "word": "层报"}, {"word": "層壓"}, {"word": "层压"}, {"word": "層壓法"}, {"word": "层压法"}, {"word": "層密"}, {"word": "层密"}, {"roman": "céngcéng", "word": "層層"}, {"roman": "céngcéng", "word": "层层"}, {"word": "層層加碼"}, {"word": "层层加码"}, {"word": "層層深入"}, {"word": "层层深入"}, {"word": "層層疊疊"}, {"word": "层层叠叠"}, {"word": "層峰"}, {"word": "层峰"}, {"roman": "céngluán", "word": "層巒"}, {"roman": "céngluán", "word": "层峦"}, {"word": "層巒疊嶂"}, {"word": "层峦叠嶂"}, {"word": "層序分明"}, {"word": "层序分明"}, {"word": "層態"}, {"word": "层态"}, {"roman": "cénglín", "word": "層林"}, {"roman": "cénglín", "word": "层林"}, {"word": "層樓"}, {"word": "层楼"}, {"roman": "Céngtán", "word": "層檀"}, {"roman": "Céngtán", "word": "层檀"}, {"roman": "céngcì", "word": "層次"}, {"roman": "céngcì", "word": "层次"}, {"word": "層次井然"}, {"word": "层次井然"}, {"word": "層次分明"}, {"word": "层次分明"}, {"roman": "céngliú", "word": "層流"}, {"roman": "céngliú", "word": "层流"}, {"word": "層浪"}, {"word": "层浪"}, {"word": "層瀾"}, {"word": "层澜"}, {"word": "層理"}, {"word": "层理"}, {"word": "層甍"}, {"word": "层甍"}, {"roman": "céngdié", "word": "層疊"}, {"roman": "céngdié", "word": "层叠"}, {"word": "層積法"}, {"word": "层积法"}, {"roman": "céngjīyún", "word": "層積雲"}, {"roman": "céngjīyún", "word": "层积云"}, {"roman": "céngjí", "word": "層級"}, {"roman": "céngjí", "word": "层级"}, {"word": "層臺"}, {"word": "层台"}, {"roman": "céngxiàndiéchū", "word": "層見疊出"}, {"roman": "céngxiàndiéchū", "word": "层见叠出"}, {"word": "層遞"}, {"word": "层递"}, {"roman": "céngyún", "word": "層雲"}, {"roman": "céngyún", "word": "层云"}, {"roman": "céngmiàn", "word": "層面"}, {"roman": "céngmiàn", "word": "层面"}, {"word": "岩層"}, {"word": "岩层"}, {"word": "常溫層"}, {"word": "常温层"}, {"roman": "píngliúcéng", "word": "平流層"}, {"roman": "píngliúcéng", "word": "平流层"}, {"word": "平移斷層"}, {"word": "平移断层"}, {"word": "年齡層"}, {"word": "年龄层"}, {"roman": "dǐcéng", "word": "底層"}, {"roman": "dǐcéng", "word": "底层"}, {"roman": "xíngchéngcéng", "word": "形成層"}, {"roman": "xíngchéngcéng", "word": "形成层"}, {"word": "恆溫層"}, {"word": "恒温层"}, {"word": "文化層"}, {"word": "文化层"}, {"word": "斜溫層"}, {"word": "斜温层"}, {"roman": "duàncéng", "word": "斷層"}, {"roman": "duàncéng", "word": "断层"}, {"roman": "duàncéng sǎomiáo", "word": "斷層掃描"}, {"roman": "duàncéng sǎomiáo", "word": "断层扫描"}, {"roman": "gèngshàngyīcénglóu", "word": "更上一層樓"}, {"roman": "gèngshàngyīcénglóu", "word": "更上一层楼"}, {"word": "更上層樓"}, {"word": "更上层楼"}, {"word": "楞層"}, {"word": "楞层"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "楼层"}, {"word": "正斷層"}, {"word": "正断层"}, {"word": "氣密層"}, {"word": "气密层"}, {"word": "沖積層"}, {"word": "冲积层"}, {"word": "油層"}, {"word": "油层"}, {"word": "活斷層"}, {"word": "活断层"}, {"word": "洪積層"}, {"word": "洪积层"}, {"word": "海成層"}, {"word": "海成层"}, {"word": "混合層"}, {"word": "混合层"}, {"word": "游離層"}, {"word": "游离层"}, {"word": "炭層"}, {"word": "炭层"}, {"roman": "méicéng", "word": "煤層"}, {"roman": "méicéng", "word": "煤层"}, {"word": "熱氣層"}, {"word": "热气层"}, {"word": "特權階層"}, {"word": "特权阶层"}, {"word": "疊嶺層巒"}, {"word": "叠岭层峦"}, {"word": "白千層"}, {"word": "白千层"}, {"word": "皮層"}, {"word": "皮层"}, {"word": "矽鎂層"}, {"word": "矽镁层"}, {"word": "礦層"}, {"word": "矿层"}, {"word": "稜層"}, {"word": "棱层"}, {"word": "綠皮層"}, {"word": "绿皮层"}, {"roman": "pēicéng", "word": "胚層"}, {"roman": "pēicéng", "word": "胚层"}, {"word": "背斜層"}, {"word": "背斜层"}, {"word": "胞間層"}, {"word": "胞间层"}, {"roman": "chòuyǎngcéng", "word": "臭氧層"}, {"roman": "chòuyǎngcéng", "word": "臭氧层"}, {"word": "表土層"}, {"word": "表土层"}, {"roman": "biǎocéng", "word": "表層"}, {"roman": "biǎocéng", "word": "表层"}, {"roman": "jiǎozhìcéng", "word": "角質層"}, {"roman": "jiǎozhìcéng", "word": "角质层"}, {"word": "變溫層"}, {"word": "变温层"}, {"word": "逆溫層"}, {"word": "逆温层"}, {"roman": "jiēcéng", "word": "階層"}, {"roman": "jiēcéng", "word": "阶层"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng", "word": "雙層"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng", "word": "双层"}, {"word": "雙層公路"}, {"word": "双层公路"}, {"word": "雙層公車"}, {"word": "双层公车"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng bāshì", "word": "雙層巴士"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng bāshì", "word": "双层巴士"}, {"roman": "yǔcéngyún", "word": "雨層雲"}, {"roman": "yǔcéngyún", "word": "雨层云"}, {"roman": "yúncéng", "word": "雲層"}, {"roman": "yúncéng", "word": "云层"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng", "word": "頂層"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng", "word": "顶层"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng shèjì", "word": "頂層設計"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng shèjì", "word": "顶层设计"}, {"word": "高層人士"}, {"word": "高层人士"}, {"word": "高階層"}, {"word": "高阶层"}, {"word": "鳥糞層"}, {"word": "鸟粪层"}], "descendants": [{"depth": 0, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "層"}, "expansion": "層", "name": "lang"}, {"args": {"1": "ja", "2": "-", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Japanese:", "name": "desc"}, {"args": {"1": "層", "2": "そう", "gloss": ""}, "expansion": "層(そう) (sō)", "name": "ja-r"}, {"args": {"1": "ko", "2": "층(層)", "3": "", "4": "", "5": "", "bor": "1", "id": "層", "id2": "", "id3": "", "id4": "", "t": "", "t2": "", "t3": "", "t4": ""}, "expansion": "→ Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "desc"}, {"args": {"1": "層", "2": "そう", "3": "층", "4": "", "5": "", "6": "", "h": "層", "j2": "", "j2t": "", "j3": "", "j3t": "", "j4": "", "j4t": "", "jdesc": "", "jje2": "", "jje2t": "", "jje3": "", "jje3t": "", "jje4": "", "jje4t": "", "jjedesc": "", "jjet": "", "jt": "", "k2": "", "k2t": "", "k3": "", "k3t": "", "k4": "", "k4t": "", "kdesc": "", "kt": "", "o": "層", "o2": "", "o2t": "", "o3": "", "o3t": "", "o4": "", "o4t": "", "odesc": "", "ot": "", "s": "層", "v": "層", "v2": "", "v2t": "", "v3": "", "v3t": "", "v4": "", "v4t": "", "vdesc": "", "vt": ""}, "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "CJKV/code"}, {"args": {"1": "", "2": "そう", "3": "층"}, "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "CJKV"}], "text": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)"}, {"depth": 1, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "vi", "2": "tầng", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Vietnamese: tầng", "name": "desc"}], "text": "→ Vietnamese: tầng"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "Han phono-semantic compounds"}, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize"}, {"args": {"1": "psc", "adj": "", "nocap": "", "pron": "OC *zɯːŋ"}, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ)", "name": "liushu"}, {"args": {"1": "尸", "2": "曾", "c1": "s", "c2": "p", "ls": "psc"}, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ): semantic 尸 + phonetic 曾 (OC *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯːŋ)", "name": "Han compound"}, {"args": {"1": "Baxter and Sagart (2014)"}, "expansion": "Baxter and Sagart (2014)", "name": "zh-ref"}, {"args": {"1": "增", "2": "to increase, to expand, to add", "tr": "*s-tˤəŋ"}, "expansion": "增 (OC *s-tˤəŋ, “to increase, to expand, to add”)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "登", "2": "to go up, to climb", "tr": "*tˤəŋ"}, "expansion": "登 (OC *tˤəŋ, “to go up, to climb”)", "name": "och-l"}], "etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ): semantic 尸 + phonetic 曾 (OC *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯːŋ).\nThe Baxter and Sagart (2014) reconstruction suggests this word is derived from 增 (OC *s-tˤəŋ, “to increase, to expand, to add”), in turn derived from 登 (OC *tˤəŋ, “to go up, to climb”).", "forms": [{"form": "层", "raw_tags": ["Simplified Chinese"]}, {"form": "曾"}, {"form": "层", "raw_tags": ["Simplified Chinese"]}, {"form": "沿"}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "hanzi"}, "expansion": "層", "name": "head"}], "lang": "Chinese", "lang_code": "zh", "pos": "character", "senses": [{"glosses": ["to pile up; to overlap"], "links": [["pile up", "pile up"], ["overlap", "overlap"]]}, {"glosses": ["thing made of layers"], "links": [["layer", "layer"]]}, {"glosses": ["layer; storey; floor; stratum"], "links": [["layer", "layer"], ["storey", "storey"], ["floor", "floor"], ["stratum", "stratum"]]}, {"glosses": ["Classifier for things arranged in layers, storeys or levels."], "links": [["layer", "layer"], ["storey", "storey"], ["level", "level"]]}, {"categories": ["Southern Min Chinese"], "glosses": ["Classifier for events."], "links": [["event", "event"]], "raw_glosses": ["(Southern Min) Classifier for events."], "tags": ["Min", "Southern"]}], "sounds": [{"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin", "standard"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin", "standard"], "zh-pron": "ceng²"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "bopomofo", "standard"], "zh-pron": "ㄘㄥˊ"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "цын"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "cɨn"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "I"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "cang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su", "Sixian"], "zh-pron": "chhèn"}, {"zh-pron": "cǎing"}, {"zh-pron": "cèng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chn̂g"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chêng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chân"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chàn"}, {"tags": ["Peng'im", "Teochew"], "zh-pron": "zang⁵"}, {"zh-pron": "⁶zen"}, {"tags": ["Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "bopomofo"], "zh-pron": "ㄘㄥˊ"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Tongyong-Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Wade-Giles"], "zh-pron": "tsʻêng²"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "tséng"}, {"tags": ["Gwoyeu-Romatsyh", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "tserng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "цэн"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "cɛn"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/", "tags": ["Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰəŋ²⁴/", "tags": ["Dungan", "Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "cang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "chàhng"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "tsang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangdong-Romanization", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong"], "zh-pron": "ceng⁴"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/", "tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su"], "zh-pron": "chhèn"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Hakka-Romanization-System"], "zh-pron": "cen^ˇ"}, {"tags": ["Hagfa-Pinyim", "Hakka"], "zh-pron": "cen²"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰen¹¹/", "tags": ["Hakka", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Jian'ou", "Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"], "zh-pron": "cǎing"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saiŋ²¹/", "tags": ["Jian'ou", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Foochow-Romanized", "Fuzhou"], "zh-pron": "cèng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sɛiŋ⁵³/", "tags": ["Fuzhou", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsn̂g"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zngg"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sŋ̍²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Quanzhou"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsîng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zeeng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Xiamen"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ¹³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Zhangzhou"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsân"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zaan"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Kaohsiung"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Zhangzhou"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Quanzhou", "Taipei", "Xiamen"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsàn"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zaxn"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹¹/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Taipei"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²¹/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Kaohsiung"]}, {"tags": ["POJ", "Teochew"], "zh-pron": "tsâng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saŋ⁵⁵/", "tags": ["Sinological-IPA", "Teochew"]}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "⁶zen"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "zen^去"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "³zen"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "/zən²³/"}, {"tags": ["Middle-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "dzong"}, {"tags": ["Baxter-Sagart", "Old-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "/*N-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"tags": ["Baxter-Sagart", "Old-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "/*m-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"tags": ["Old-Chinese", "Zhengzhang"], "zh-pron": "/*zɯːŋ/"}, {"other": "/ chêng /"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰəŋ²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰen¹¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saiŋ²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sɛiŋ⁵³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sŋ̍²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ¹³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saŋ⁵⁵/"}, {"ipa": "/zən²³/"}, {"other": "/*N-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"other": "/*m-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"other": "/*zɯːŋ/"}], "synonyms": [{"roman": "lóu", "word": "樓／楼"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層／楼层"}, {"english": "more colloquial and more used", "roman": "lóu", "word": "樓"}, {"english": "more colloquial and more used", "roman": "lóu", "word": "楼"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "楼层"}, {"roman": "chàn", "sense": "storey", "tags": ["Hokkien"], "word": "棧"}, {"roman": "chàn", "sense": "storey", "tags": ["Hokkien"], "word": "栈"}], "word": "層"}
層 (Chinese character) 層/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Hong-Kong not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Beginning Mandarin", "Chinese classifiers", "Chinese entries with incorrect language header", "Chinese hanzi", "Chinese lemmas", "Chinese nouns", "Chinese terms spelled with 層", "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation", "Chinese verbs", "Eastern Min classifiers", "Eastern Min hanzi", "Eastern Min lemmas", "Eastern Min nouns", "Eastern Min verbs", "Middle Chinese classifiers", "Middle Chinese hanzi", "Middle Chinese lemmas", "Middle Chinese nouns", "Middle Chinese verbs", "Northern Min classifiers", "Northern Min hanzi", "Northern Min lemmas", "Northern Min nouns", "Northern Min verbs", "Old Chinese classifiers", "Old Chinese hanzi", "Old Chinese lemmas", "Old Chinese nouns", "Old Chinese verbs", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries"], "derived": [{"roman": "yīcéng", "word": "一層"}, {"roman": "yīcéng", "word": "一层"}, {"word": "一層天"}, {"word": "一层天"}, {"word": "三層"}, {"word": "三层"}, {"roman": "xiàcéng", "word": "下層"}, {"roman": "xiàcéng", "word": "下层"}, {"roman": "shàngcéng", "word": "上層"}, {"roman": "shàngcéng", "word": "上层"}, {"word": "三層仔"}, {"word": "三层仔"}, {"roman": "sāncéngròu", "word": "三層肉"}, {"roman": "sāncéngròu", "word": "三层肉"}, {"word": "下層階級"}, {"word": "下层阶级"}, {"roman": "zhōngcéng", "word": "中層"}, {"roman": "zhōngcéng", "word": "中层"}, {"word": "中氣層"}, {"word": "中气层"}, {"roman": "zhōngpēicéng", "word": "中胚層"}, {"roman": "zhōngpēicéng", "word": "中胚层"}, {"roman": "jiǔcéngtǎ", "word": "九層塔"}, {"roman": "jiǔcéngtǎ", "word": "九层塔"}, {"word": "傾移斷層"}, {"word": "倾移断层"}, {"word": "內層"}, {"word": "内层"}, {"word": "分層負責"}, {"word": "分层负责"}, {"word": "剝一層皮"}, {"word": "剥一层皮"}, {"roman": "qiāncénggāo", "word": "千層糕"}, {"roman": "qiāncénggāo", "word": "千层糕"}, {"roman": "qiāncéngmiàn", "word": "千層麵"}, {"roman": "qiāncéngmiàn", "word": "千层面"}, {"roman": "juǎncéngyún", "word": "卷層雲"}, {"roman": "juǎncéngyún", "word": "卷层云"}, {"word": "向斜層"}, {"word": "向斜层"}, {"word": "同斜層"}, {"word": "同斜层"}, {"roman": "tóngwēncéng", "word": "同溫層"}, {"roman": "tóngwēncéng", "word": "同温层"}, {"roman": "hánshuǐcéng", "word": "含水層"}, {"roman": "hánshuǐcéng", "word": "含水层"}, {"word": "單斜層"}, {"word": "单斜层"}, {"word": "土層"}, {"word": "土层"}, {"roman": "dìcéng", "word": "地層"}, {"roman": "dìcéng", "word": "地层"}, {"word": "地層下陷"}, {"word": "地层下陷"}, {"roman": "jīcéng", "word": "基層"}, {"roman": "jīcéng", "word": "基层"}, {"word": "基層建設"}, {"word": "基层建设"}, {"word": "基層組織"}, {"word": "基层组织"}, {"word": "基層行政"}, {"word": "基层行政"}, {"roman": "túcéng", "word": "塗層"}, {"roman": "túcéng", "word": "涂层"}, {"roman": "wàicéng", "word": "外層"}, {"roman": "wàicéng", "word": "外层"}, {"roman": "wàipēicéng", "word": "外胚層"}, {"roman": "wàipēicéng", "word": "外胚层"}, {"roman": "dàqìcéng", "word": "大氣層"}, {"roman": "dàqìcéng", "word": "大气层"}, {"word": "大腦皮層"}, {"word": "大脑皮层"}, {"word": "大陸礁層"}, {"word": "大陆礁层"}, {"roman": "jiācéng", "word": "夾層"}, {"roman": "jiācéng", "word": "夹层"}, {"word": "夾層屋"}, {"word": "夹层屋"}, {"word": "密密層層"}, {"word": "密密层层"}, {"word": "密層層"}, {"word": "密层层"}, {"roman": "duìliúcéng", "word": "對流層"}, {"roman": "duìliúcéng", "word": "对流层"}, {"roman": "céngchūbùqióng", "word": "層出不窮"}, {"roman": "céngchūbùqióng", "word": "层出不穷"}, {"roman": "céngchūdiéxiàn", "word": "層出疊見"}, {"roman": "céngchūdiéxiàn", "word": "层出叠见"}, {"roman": "céngbào", "word": "層報"}, {"roman": "céngbào", "word": "层报"}, {"word": "層壓"}, {"word": "层压"}, {"word": "層壓法"}, {"word": "层压法"}, {"word": "層密"}, {"word": "层密"}, {"roman": "céngcéng", "word": "層層"}, {"roman": "céngcéng", "word": "层层"}, {"word": "層層加碼"}, {"word": "层层加码"}, {"word": "層層深入"}, {"word": "层层深入"}, {"word": "層層疊疊"}, {"word": "层层叠叠"}, {"word": "層峰"}, {"word": "层峰"}, {"roman": "céngluán", "word": "層巒"}, {"roman": "céngluán", "word": "层峦"}, {"word": "層巒疊嶂"}, {"word": "层峦叠嶂"}, {"word": "層序分明"}, {"word": "层序分明"}, {"word": "層態"}, {"word": "层态"}, {"roman": "cénglín", "word": "層林"}, {"roman": "cénglín", "word": "层林"}, {"word": "層樓"}, {"word": "层楼"}, {"roman": "Céngtán", "word": "層檀"}, {"roman": "Céngtán", "word": "层檀"}, {"roman": "céngcì", "word": "層次"}, {"roman": "céngcì", "word": "层次"}, {"word": "層次井然"}, {"word": "层次井然"}, {"word": "層次分明"}, {"word": "层次分明"}, {"roman": "céngliú", "word": "層流"}, {"roman": "céngliú", "word": "层流"}, {"word": "層浪"}, {"word": "层浪"}, {"word": "層瀾"}, {"word": "层澜"}, {"word": "層理"}, {"word": "层理"}, {"word": "層甍"}, {"word": "层甍"}, {"roman": "céngdié", "word": "層疊"}, {"roman": "céngdié", "word": "层叠"}, {"word": "層積法"}, {"word": "层积法"}, {"roman": "céngjīyún", "word": "層積雲"}, {"roman": "céngjīyún", "word": "层积云"}, {"roman": "céngjí", "word": "層級"}, {"roman": "céngjí", "word": "层级"}, {"word": "層臺"}, {"word": "层台"}, {"roman": "céngxiàndiéchū", "word": "層見疊出"}, {"roman": "céngxiàndiéchū", "word": "层见叠出"}, {"word": "層遞"}, {"word": "层递"}, {"roman": "céngyún", "word": "層雲"}, {"roman": "céngyún", "word": "层云"}, {"roman": "céngmiàn", "word": "層面"}, {"roman": "céngmiàn", "word": "层面"}, {"word": "岩層"}, {"word": "岩层"}, {"word": "常溫層"}, {"word": "常温层"}, {"roman": "píngliúcéng", "word": "平流層"}, {"roman": "píngliúcéng", "word": "平流层"}, {"word": "平移斷層"}, {"word": "平移断层"}, {"word": "年齡層"}, {"word": "年龄层"}, {"roman": "dǐcéng", "word": "底層"}, {"roman": "dǐcéng", "word": "底层"}, {"roman": "xíngchéngcéng", "word": "形成層"}, {"roman": "xíngchéngcéng", "word": "形成层"}, {"word": "恆溫層"}, {"word": "恒温层"}, {"word": "文化層"}, {"word": "文化层"}, {"word": "斜溫層"}, {"word": "斜温层"}, {"roman": "duàncéng", "word": "斷層"}, {"roman": "duàncéng", "word": "断层"}, {"roman": "duàncéng sǎomiáo", "word": "斷層掃描"}, {"roman": "duàncéng sǎomiáo", "word": "断层扫描"}, {"roman": "gèngshàngyīcénglóu", "word": "更上一層樓"}, {"roman": "gèngshàngyīcénglóu", "word": "更上一层楼"}, {"word": "更上層樓"}, {"word": "更上层楼"}, {"word": "楞層"}, {"word": "楞层"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "楼层"}, {"word": "正斷層"}, {"word": "正断层"}, {"word": "氣密層"}, {"word": "气密层"}, {"word": "沖積層"}, {"word": "冲积层"}, {"word": "油層"}, {"word": "油层"}, {"word": "活斷層"}, {"word": "活断层"}, {"word": "洪積層"}, {"word": "洪积层"}, {"word": "海成層"}, {"word": "海成层"}, {"word": "混合層"}, {"word": "混合层"}, {"word": "游離層"}, {"word": "游离层"}, {"word": "炭層"}, {"word": "炭层"}, {"roman": "méicéng", "word": "煤層"}, {"roman": "méicéng", "word": "煤层"}, {"word": "熱氣層"}, {"word": "热气层"}, {"word": "特權階層"}, {"word": "特权阶层"}, {"word": "疊嶺層巒"}, {"word": "叠岭层峦"}, {"word": "白千層"}, {"word": "白千层"}, {"word": "皮層"}, {"word": "皮层"}, {"word": "矽鎂層"}, {"word": "矽镁层"}, {"word": "礦層"}, {"word": "矿层"}, {"word": "稜層"}, {"word": "棱层"}, {"word": "綠皮層"}, {"word": "绿皮层"}, {"roman": "pēicéng", "word": "胚層"}, {"roman": "pēicéng", "word": "胚层"}, {"word": "背斜層"}, {"word": "背斜层"}, {"word": "胞間層"}, {"word": "胞间层"}, {"roman": "chòuyǎngcéng", "word": "臭氧層"}, {"roman": "chòuyǎngcéng", "word": "臭氧层"}, {"word": "表土層"}, {"word": "表土层"}, {"roman": "biǎocéng", "word": "表層"}, {"roman": "biǎocéng", "word": "表层"}, {"roman": "jiǎozhìcéng", "word": "角質層"}, {"roman": "jiǎozhìcéng", "word": "角质层"}, {"word": "變溫層"}, {"word": "变温层"}, {"word": "逆溫層"}, {"word": "逆温层"}, {"roman": "jiēcéng", "word": "階層"}, {"roman": "jiēcéng", "word": "阶层"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng", "word": "雙層"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng", "word": "双层"}, {"word": "雙層公路"}, {"word": "双层公路"}, {"word": "雙層公車"}, {"word": "双层公车"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng bāshì", "word": "雙層巴士"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng bāshì", "word": "双层巴士"}, {"roman": "yǔcéngyún", "word": "雨層雲"}, {"roman": "yǔcéngyún", "word": "雨层云"}, {"roman": "yúncéng", "word": "雲層"}, {"roman": "yúncéng", "word": "云层"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng", "word": "頂層"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng", "word": "顶层"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng shèjì", "word": "頂層設計"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng shèjì", "word": "顶层设计"}, {"word": "高層人士"}, {"word": "高层人士"}, {"word": "高階層"}, {"word": "高阶层"}, {"word": "鳥糞層"}, {"word": "鸟粪层"}], "descendants": [{"depth": 0, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "層"}, "expansion": "層", "name": "lang"}, {"args": {"1": "ja", "2": "-", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Japanese:", "name": "desc"}, {"args": {"1": "層", "2": "そう", "gloss": ""}, "expansion": "層(そう) (sō)", "name": "ja-r"}, {"args": {"1": "ko", "2": "층(層)", "3": "", "4": "", "5": "", "bor": "1", "id": "層", "id2": "", "id3": "", "id4": "", "t": "", "t2": "", "t3": "", "t4": ""}, "expansion": "→ Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "desc"}, {"args": {"1": "層", "2": "そう", "3": "층", "4": "", "5": "", "6": "", "h": "層", "j2": "", "j2t": "", "j3": "", "j3t": "", "j4": "", "j4t": "", "jdesc": "", "jje2": "", "jje2t": "", "jje3": "", "jje3t": "", "jje4": "", "jje4t": "", "jjedesc": "", "jjet": "", "jt": "", "k2": "", "k2t": "", "k3": "", "k3t": "", "k4": "", "k4t": "", "kdesc": "", "kt": "", "o": "層", "o2": "", "o2t": "", "o3": "", "o3t": "", "o4": "", "o4t": "", "odesc": "", "ot": "", "s": "層", "v": "層", "v2": "", "v2t": "", "v3": "", "v3t": "", "v4": "", "v4t": "", "vdesc": "", "vt": ""}, "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "CJKV/code"}, {"args": {"1": "", "2": "そう", "3": "층"}, "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "CJKV"}], "text": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)"}, {"depth": 1, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "vi", "2": "tầng", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Vietnamese: tầng", "name": "desc"}], "text": "→ Vietnamese: tầng"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "Han phono-semantic compounds"}, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize"}, {"args": {"1": "psc", "adj": "", "nocap": "", "pron": "OC *zɯːŋ"}, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ)", "name": "liushu"}, {"args": {"1": "尸", "2": "曾", "c1": "s", "c2": "p", "ls": "psc"}, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ): semantic 尸 + phonetic 曾 (OC *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯːŋ)", "name": "Han compound"}, {"args": {"1": "Baxter and Sagart (2014)"}, "expansion": "Baxter and Sagart (2014)", "name": "zh-ref"}, {"args": {"1": "增", "2": "to increase, to expand, to add", "tr": "*s-tˤəŋ"}, "expansion": "增 (OC *s-tˤəŋ, “to increase, to expand, to add”)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "登", "2": "to go up, to climb", "tr": "*tˤəŋ"}, "expansion": "登 (OC *tˤəŋ, “to go up, to climb”)", "name": "och-l"}], "etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ): semantic 尸 + phonetic 曾 (OC *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯːŋ).\nThe Baxter and Sagart (2014) reconstruction suggests this word is derived from 增 (OC *s-tˤəŋ, “to increase, to expand, to add”), in turn derived from 登 (OC *tˤəŋ, “to go up, to climb”).", "forms": [{"form": "层", "raw_tags": ["Simplified Chinese"]}, {"form": "曾"}, {"form": "层", "raw_tags": ["Simplified Chinese"]}, {"form": "沿"}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "hanzi"}, "expansion": "層", "name": "head"}], "lang": "Chinese", "lang_code": "zh", "pos": "character", "senses": [{"glosses": ["to pile up; to overlap"], "links": [["pile up", "pile up"], ["overlap", "overlap"]]}, {"glosses": ["thing made of layers"], "links": [["layer", "layer"]]}, {"glosses": ["layer; storey; floor; stratum"], "links": [["layer", "layer"], ["storey", "storey"], ["floor", "floor"], ["stratum", "stratum"]]}, {"glosses": ["Classifier for things arranged in layers, storeys or levels."], "links": [["layer", "layer"], ["storey", "storey"], ["level", "level"]]}, {"categories": ["Southern Min Chinese"], "glosses": ["Classifier for events."], "links": [["event", "event"]], "raw_glosses": ["(Southern Min) Classifier for events."], "tags": ["Min", "Southern"]}], "sounds": [{"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin", "standard"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin", "standard"], "zh-pron": "ceng²"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "bopomofo", "standard"], "zh-pron": "ㄘㄥˊ"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "цын"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "cɨn"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "I"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "cang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su", "Sixian"], "zh-pron": "chhèn"}, {"zh-pron": "cǎing"}, {"zh-pron": "cèng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chn̂g"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chêng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chân"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chàn"}, {"tags": ["Peng'im", "Teochew"], "zh-pron": "zang⁵"}, {"zh-pron": "⁶zen"}, {"tags": ["Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "bopomofo"], "zh-pron": "ㄘㄥˊ"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Tongyong-Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Wade-Giles"], "zh-pron": "tsʻêng²"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "tséng"}, {"tags": ["Gwoyeu-Romatsyh", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "tserng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "цэн"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "cɛn"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/", "tags": ["Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰəŋ²⁴/", "tags": ["Dungan", "Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "cang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "chàhng"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "tsang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangdong-Romanization", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong"], "zh-pron": "ceng⁴"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/", "tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su"], "zh-pron": "chhèn"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Hakka-Romanization-System"], "zh-pron": "cen^ˇ"}, {"tags": ["Hagfa-Pinyim", "Hakka"], "zh-pron": "cen²"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰen¹¹/", "tags": ["Hakka", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Jian'ou", "Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"], "zh-pron": "cǎing"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saiŋ²¹/", "tags": ["Jian'ou", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Foochow-Romanized", "Fuzhou"], "zh-pron": "cèng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sɛiŋ⁵³/", "tags": ["Fuzhou", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsn̂g"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zngg"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sŋ̍²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Quanzhou"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsîng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zeeng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Xiamen"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ¹³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Zhangzhou"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsân"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zaan"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Kaohsiung"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Zhangzhou"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Quanzhou", "Taipei", "Xiamen"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsàn"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zaxn"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹¹/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Taipei"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²¹/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Kaohsiung"]}, {"tags": ["POJ", "Teochew"], "zh-pron": "tsâng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saŋ⁵⁵/", "tags": ["Sinological-IPA", "Teochew"]}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "⁶zen"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "zen^去"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "³zen"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "/zən²³/"}, {"tags": ["Middle-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "dzong"}, {"tags": ["Baxter-Sagart", "Old-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "/*N-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"tags": ["Baxter-Sagart", "Old-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "/*m-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"tags": ["Old-Chinese", "Zhengzhang"], "zh-pron": "/*zɯːŋ/"}, {"other": "/ chêng /"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰəŋ²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰen¹¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saiŋ²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sɛiŋ⁵³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sŋ̍²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ¹³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saŋ⁵⁵/"}, {"ipa": "/zən²³/"}, {"other": "/*N-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"other": "/*m-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"other": "/*zɯːŋ/"}], "synonyms": [{"roman": "lóu", "word": "樓／楼"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層／楼层"}, {"english": "more colloquial and more used", "roman": "lóu", "word": "樓"}, {"english": "more colloquial and more used", "roman": "lóu", "word": "楼"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "楼层"}, {"roman": "chàn", "sense": "storey", "tags": ["Hokkien"], "word": "棧"}, {"roman": "chàn", "sense": "storey", "tags": ["Hokkien"], "word": "栈"}], "word": "層"}
層 (Chinese character) 層/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Hong-Kong not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Beginning Mandarin", "Chinese classifiers", "Chinese entries with incorrect language header", "Chinese hanzi", "Chinese lemmas", "Chinese nouns", "Chinese terms spelled with 層", "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation", "Chinese verbs", "Eastern Min classifiers", "Eastern Min hanzi", "Eastern Min lemmas", "Eastern Min nouns", "Eastern Min verbs", "Middle Chinese classifiers", "Middle Chinese hanzi", "Middle Chinese lemmas", "Middle Chinese nouns", "Middle Chinese verbs", "Northern Min classifiers", "Northern Min hanzi", "Northern Min lemmas", "Northern Min nouns", "Northern Min verbs", "Old Chinese classifiers", "Old Chinese hanzi", "Old Chinese lemmas", "Old Chinese nouns", "Old Chinese verbs", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries"], "derived": [{"roman": "yīcéng", "word": "一層"}, {"roman": "yīcéng", "word": "一层"}, {"word": "一層天"}, {"word": "一层天"}, {"word": "三層"}, {"word": "三层"}, {"roman": "xiàcéng", "word": "下層"}, {"roman": "xiàcéng", "word": "下层"}, {"roman": "shàngcéng", "word": "上層"}, {"roman": "shàngcéng", "word": "上层"}, {"word": "三層仔"}, {"word": "三层仔"}, {"roman": "sāncéngròu", "word": "三層肉"}, {"roman": "sāncéngròu", "word": "三层肉"}, {"word": "下層階級"}, {"word": "下层阶级"}, {"roman": "zhōngcéng", "word": "中層"}, {"roman": "zhōngcéng", "word": "中层"}, {"word": "中氣層"}, {"word": "中气层"}, {"roman": "zhōngpēicéng", "word": "中胚層"}, {"roman": "zhōngpēicéng", "word": "中胚层"}, {"roman": "jiǔcéngtǎ", "word": "九層塔"}, {"roman": "jiǔcéngtǎ", "word": "九层塔"}, {"word": "傾移斷層"}, {"word": "倾移断层"}, {"word": "內層"}, {"word": "内层"}, {"word": "分層負責"}, {"word": "分层负责"}, {"word": "剝一層皮"}, {"word": "剥一层皮"}, {"roman": "qiāncénggāo", "word": "千層糕"}, {"roman": "qiāncénggāo", "word": "千层糕"}, {"roman": "qiāncéngmiàn", "word": "千層麵"}, {"roman": "qiāncéngmiàn", "word": "千层面"}, {"roman": "juǎncéngyún", "word": "卷層雲"}, {"roman": "juǎncéngyún", "word": "卷层云"}, {"word": "向斜層"}, {"word": "向斜层"}, {"word": "同斜層"}, {"word": "同斜层"}, {"roman": "tóngwēncéng", "word": "同溫層"}, {"roman": "tóngwēncéng", "word": "同温层"}, {"roman": "hánshuǐcéng", "word": "含水層"}, {"roman": "hánshuǐcéng", "word": "含水层"}, {"word": "單斜層"}, {"word": "单斜层"}, {"word": "土層"}, {"word": "土层"}, {"roman": "dìcéng", "word": "地層"}, {"roman": "dìcéng", "word": "地层"}, {"word": "地層下陷"}, {"word": "地层下陷"}, {"roman": "jīcéng", "word": "基層"}, {"roman": "jīcéng", "word": "基层"}, {"word": "基層建設"}, {"word": "基层建设"}, {"word": "基層組織"}, {"word": "基层组织"}, {"word": "基層行政"}, {"word": "基层行政"}, {"roman": "túcéng", "word": "塗層"}, {"roman": "túcéng", "word": "涂层"}, {"roman": "wàicéng", "word": "外層"}, {"roman": "wàicéng", "word": "外层"}, {"roman": "wàipēicéng", "word": "外胚層"}, {"roman": "wàipēicéng", "word": "外胚层"}, {"roman": "dàqìcéng", "word": "大氣層"}, {"roman": "dàqìcéng", "word": "大气层"}, {"word": "大腦皮層"}, {"word": "大脑皮层"}, {"word": "大陸礁層"}, {"word": "大陆礁层"}, {"roman": "jiācéng", "word": "夾層"}, {"roman": "jiācéng", "word": "夹层"}, {"word": "夾層屋"}, {"word": "夹层屋"}, {"word": "密密層層"}, {"word": "密密层层"}, {"word": "密層層"}, {"word": "密层层"}, {"roman": "duìliúcéng", "word": "對流層"}, {"roman": "duìliúcéng", "word": "对流层"}, {"roman": "céngchūbùqióng", "word": "層出不窮"}, {"roman": "céngchūbùqióng", "word": "层出不穷"}, {"roman": "céngchūdiéxiàn", "word": "層出疊見"}, {"roman": "céngchūdiéxiàn", "word": "层出叠见"}, {"roman": "céngbào", "word": "層報"}, {"roman": "céngbào", "word": "层报"}, {"word": "層壓"}, {"word": "层压"}, {"word": "層壓法"}, {"word": "层压法"}, {"word": "層密"}, {"word": "层密"}, {"roman": "céngcéng", "word": "層層"}, {"roman": "céngcéng", "word": "层层"}, {"word": "層層加碼"}, {"word": "层层加码"}, {"word": "層層深入"}, {"word": "层层深入"}, {"word": "層層疊疊"}, {"word": "层层叠叠"}, {"word": "層峰"}, {"word": "层峰"}, {"roman": "céngluán", "word": "層巒"}, {"roman": "céngluán", "word": "层峦"}, {"word": "層巒疊嶂"}, {"word": "层峦叠嶂"}, {"word": "層序分明"}, {"word": "层序分明"}, {"word": "層態"}, {"word": "层态"}, {"roman": "cénglín", "word": "層林"}, {"roman": "cénglín", "word": "层林"}, {"word": "層樓"}, {"word": "层楼"}, {"roman": "Céngtán", "word": "層檀"}, {"roman": "Céngtán", "word": "层檀"}, {"roman": "céngcì", "word": "層次"}, {"roman": "céngcì", "word": "层次"}, {"word": "層次井然"}, {"word": "层次井然"}, {"word": "層次分明"}, {"word": "层次分明"}, {"roman": "céngliú", "word": "層流"}, {"roman": "céngliú", "word": "层流"}, {"word": "層浪"}, {"word": "层浪"}, {"word": "層瀾"}, {"word": "层澜"}, {"word": "層理"}, {"word": "层理"}, {"word": "層甍"}, {"word": "层甍"}, {"roman": "céngdié", "word": "層疊"}, {"roman": "céngdié", "word": "层叠"}, {"word": "層積法"}, {"word": "层积法"}, {"roman": "céngjīyún", "word": "層積雲"}, {"roman": "céngjīyún", "word": "层积云"}, {"roman": "céngjí", "word": "層級"}, {"roman": "céngjí", "word": "层级"}, {"word": "層臺"}, {"word": "层台"}, {"roman": "céngxiàndiéchū", "word": "層見疊出"}, {"roman": "céngxiàndiéchū", "word": "层见叠出"}, {"word": "層遞"}, {"word": "层递"}, {"roman": "céngyún", "word": "層雲"}, {"roman": "céngyún", "word": "层云"}, {"roman": "céngmiàn", "word": "層面"}, {"roman": "céngmiàn", "word": "层面"}, {"word": "岩層"}, {"word": "岩层"}, {"word": "常溫層"}, {"word": "常温层"}, {"roman": "píngliúcéng", "word": "平流層"}, {"roman": "píngliúcéng", "word": "平流层"}, {"word": "平移斷層"}, {"word": "平移断层"}, {"word": "年齡層"}, {"word": "年龄层"}, {"roman": "dǐcéng", "word": "底層"}, {"roman": "dǐcéng", "word": "底层"}, {"roman": "xíngchéngcéng", "word": "形成層"}, {"roman": "xíngchéngcéng", "word": "形成层"}, {"word": "恆溫層"}, {"word": "恒温层"}, {"word": "文化層"}, {"word": "文化层"}, {"word": "斜溫層"}, {"word": "斜温层"}, {"roman": "duàncéng", "word": "斷層"}, {"roman": "duàncéng", "word": "断层"}, {"roman": "duàncéng sǎomiáo", "word": "斷層掃描"}, {"roman": "duàncéng sǎomiáo", "word": "断层扫描"}, {"roman": "gèngshàngyīcénglóu", "word": "更上一層樓"}, {"roman": "gèngshàngyīcénglóu", "word": "更上一层楼"}, {"word": "更上層樓"}, {"word": "更上层楼"}, {"word": "楞層"}, {"word": "楞层"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "楼层"}, {"word": "正斷層"}, {"word": "正断层"}, {"word": "氣密層"}, {"word": "气密层"}, {"word": "沖積層"}, {"word": "冲积层"}, {"word": "油層"}, {"word": "油层"}, {"word": "活斷層"}, {"word": "活断层"}, {"word": "洪積層"}, {"word": "洪积层"}, {"word": "海成層"}, {"word": "海成层"}, {"word": "混合層"}, {"word": "混合层"}, {"word": "游離層"}, {"word": "游离层"}, {"word": "炭層"}, {"word": "炭层"}, {"roman": "méicéng", "word": "煤層"}, {"roman": "méicéng", "word": "煤层"}, {"word": "熱氣層"}, {"word": "热气层"}, {"word": "特權階層"}, {"word": "特权阶层"}, {"word": "疊嶺層巒"}, {"word": "叠岭层峦"}, {"word": "白千層"}, {"word": "白千层"}, {"word": "皮層"}, {"word": "皮层"}, {"word": "矽鎂層"}, {"word": "矽镁层"}, {"word": "礦層"}, {"word": "矿层"}, {"word": "稜層"}, {"word": "棱层"}, {"word": "綠皮層"}, {"word": "绿皮层"}, {"roman": "pēicéng", "word": "胚層"}, {"roman": "pēicéng", "word": "胚层"}, {"word": "背斜層"}, {"word": "背斜层"}, {"word": "胞間層"}, {"word": "胞间层"}, {"roman": "chòuyǎngcéng", "word": "臭氧層"}, {"roman": "chòuyǎngcéng", "word": "臭氧层"}, {"word": "表土層"}, {"word": "表土层"}, {"roman": "biǎocéng", "word": "表層"}, {"roman": "biǎocéng", "word": "表层"}, {"roman": "jiǎozhìcéng", "word": "角質層"}, {"roman": "jiǎozhìcéng", "word": "角质层"}, {"word": "變溫層"}, {"word": "变温层"}, {"word": "逆溫層"}, {"word": "逆温层"}, {"roman": "jiēcéng", "word": "階層"}, {"roman": "jiēcéng", "word": "阶层"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng", "word": "雙層"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng", "word": "双层"}, {"word": "雙層公路"}, {"word": "双层公路"}, {"word": "雙層公車"}, {"word": "双层公车"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng bāshì", "word": "雙層巴士"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng bāshì", "word": "双层巴士"}, {"roman": "yǔcéngyún", "word": "雨層雲"}, {"roman": "yǔcéngyún", "word": "雨层云"}, {"roman": "yúncéng", "word": "雲層"}, {"roman": "yúncéng", "word": "云层"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng", "word": "頂層"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng", "word": "顶层"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng shèjì", "word": "頂層設計"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng shèjì", "word": "顶层设计"}, {"word": "高層人士"}, {"word": "高层人士"}, {"word": "高階層"}, {"word": "高阶层"}, {"word": "鳥糞層"}, {"word": "鸟粪层"}], "descendants": [{"depth": 0, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "層"}, "expansion": "層", "name": "lang"}, {"args": {"1": "ja", "2": "-", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Japanese:", "name": "desc"}, {"args": {"1": "層", "2": "そう", "gloss": ""}, "expansion": "層(そう) (sō)", "name": "ja-r"}, {"args": {"1": "ko", "2": "층(層)", "3": "", "4": "", "5": "", "bor": "1", "id": "層", "id2": "", "id3": "", "id4": "", "t": "", "t2": "", "t3": "", "t4": ""}, "expansion": "→ Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "desc"}, {"args": {"1": "層", "2": "そう", "3": "층", "4": "", "5": "", "6": "", "h": "層", "j2": "", "j2t": "", "j3": "", "j3t": "", "j4": "", "j4t": "", "jdesc": "", "jje2": "", "jje2t": "", "jje3": "", "jje3t": "", "jje4": "", "jje4t": "", "jjedesc": "", "jjet": "", "jt": "", "k2": "", "k2t": "", "k3": "", "k3t": "", "k4": "", "k4t": "", "kdesc": "", "kt": "", "o": "層", "o2": "", "o2t": "", "o3": "", "o3t": "", "o4": "", "o4t": "", "odesc": "", "ot": "", "s": "層", "v": "層", "v2": "", "v2t": "", "v3": "", "v3t": "", "v4": "", "v4t": "", "vdesc": "", "vt": ""}, "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "CJKV/code"}, {"args": {"1": "", "2": "そう", "3": "층"}, "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "CJKV"}], "text": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)"}, {"depth": 1, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "vi", "2": "tầng", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Vietnamese: tầng", "name": "desc"}], "text": "→ Vietnamese: tầng"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "Han phono-semantic compounds"}, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize"}, {"args": {"1": "psc", "adj": "", "nocap": "", "pron": "OC *zɯːŋ"}, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ)", "name": "liushu"}, {"args": {"1": "尸", "2": "曾", "c1": "s", "c2": "p", "ls": "psc"}, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ): semantic 尸 + phonetic 曾 (OC *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯːŋ)", "name": "Han compound"}, {"args": {"1": "Baxter and Sagart (2014)"}, "expansion": "Baxter and Sagart (2014)", "name": "zh-ref"}, {"args": {"1": "增", "2": "to increase, to expand, to add", "tr": "*s-tˤəŋ"}, "expansion": "增 (OC *s-tˤəŋ, “to increase, to expand, to add”)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "登", "2": "to go up, to climb", "tr": "*tˤəŋ"}, "expansion": "登 (OC *tˤəŋ, “to go up, to climb”)", "name": "och-l"}], "etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ): semantic 尸 + phonetic 曾 (OC *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯːŋ).\nThe Baxter and Sagart (2014) reconstruction suggests this word is derived from 增 (OC *s-tˤəŋ, “to increase, to expand, to add”), in turn derived from 登 (OC *tˤəŋ, “to go up, to climb”).", "forms": [{"form": "层", "raw_tags": ["Simplified Chinese"]}, {"form": "曾"}, {"form": "层", "raw_tags": ["Simplified Chinese"]}, {"form": "沿"}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "hanzi"}, "expansion": "層", "name": "head"}], "lang": "Chinese", "lang_code": "zh", "pos": "character", "senses": [{"glosses": ["to pile up; to overlap"], "links": [["pile up", "pile up"], ["overlap", "overlap"]]}, {"glosses": ["thing made of layers"], "links": [["layer", "layer"]]}, {"glosses": ["layer; storey; floor; stratum"], "links": [["layer", "layer"], ["storey", "storey"], ["floor", "floor"], ["stratum", "stratum"]]}, {"glosses": ["Classifier for things arranged in layers, storeys or levels."], "links": [["layer", "layer"], ["storey", "storey"], ["level", "level"]]}, {"categories": ["Southern Min Chinese"], "glosses": ["Classifier for events."], "links": [["event", "event"]], "raw_glosses": ["(Southern Min) Classifier for events."], "tags": ["Min", "Southern"]}], "sounds": [{"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin", "standard"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin", "standard"], "zh-pron": "ceng²"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "bopomofo", "standard"], "zh-pron": "ㄘㄥˊ"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "цын"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "cɨn"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "I"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "cang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su", "Sixian"], "zh-pron": "chhèn"}, {"zh-pron": "cǎing"}, {"zh-pron": "cèng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chn̂g"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chêng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chân"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chàn"}, {"tags": ["Peng'im", "Teochew"], "zh-pron": "zang⁵"}, {"zh-pron": "⁶zen"}, {"tags": ["Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "bopomofo"], "zh-pron": "ㄘㄥˊ"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Tongyong-Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Wade-Giles"], "zh-pron": "tsʻêng²"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "tséng"}, {"tags": ["Gwoyeu-Romatsyh", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "tserng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "цэн"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "cɛn"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/", "tags": ["Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰəŋ²⁴/", "tags": ["Dungan", "Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "cang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "chàhng"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "tsang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangdong-Romanization", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong"], "zh-pron": "ceng⁴"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/", "tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su"], "zh-pron": "chhèn"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Hakka-Romanization-System"], "zh-pron": "cen^ˇ"}, {"tags": ["Hagfa-Pinyim", "Hakka"], "zh-pron": "cen²"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰen¹¹/", "tags": ["Hakka", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Jian'ou", "Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"], "zh-pron": "cǎing"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saiŋ²¹/", "tags": ["Jian'ou", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Foochow-Romanized", "Fuzhou"], "zh-pron": "cèng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sɛiŋ⁵³/", "tags": ["Fuzhou", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsn̂g"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zngg"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sŋ̍²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Quanzhou"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsîng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zeeng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Xiamen"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ¹³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Zhangzhou"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsân"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zaan"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Kaohsiung"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Zhangzhou"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Quanzhou", "Taipei", "Xiamen"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsàn"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zaxn"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹¹/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Taipei"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²¹/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Kaohsiung"]}, {"tags": ["POJ", "Teochew"], "zh-pron": "tsâng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saŋ⁵⁵/", "tags": ["Sinological-IPA", "Teochew"]}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "⁶zen"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "zen^去"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "³zen"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "/zən²³/"}, {"tags": ["Middle-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "dzong"}, {"tags": ["Baxter-Sagart", "Old-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "/*N-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"tags": ["Baxter-Sagart", "Old-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "/*m-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"tags": ["Old-Chinese", "Zhengzhang"], "zh-pron": "/*zɯːŋ/"}, {"other": "/ chêng /"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰəŋ²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰen¹¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saiŋ²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sɛiŋ⁵³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sŋ̍²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ¹³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saŋ⁵⁵/"}, {"ipa": "/zən²³/"}, {"other": "/*N-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"other": "/*m-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"other": "/*zɯːŋ/"}], "synonyms": [{"roman": "lóu", "word": "樓／楼"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層／楼层"}, {"english": "more colloquial and more used", "roman": "lóu", "word": "樓"}, {"english": "more colloquial and more used", "roman": "lóu", "word": "楼"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "楼层"}, {"roman": "chàn", "sense": "storey", "tags": ["Hokkien"], "word": "棧"}, {"roman": "chàn", "sense": "storey", "tags": ["Hokkien"], "word": "栈"}], "word": "層"}
層 (Chinese character) 層/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Old-Chinese not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Beginning Mandarin", "Chinese classifiers", "Chinese entries with incorrect language header", "Chinese hanzi", "Chinese lemmas", "Chinese nouns", "Chinese terms spelled with 層", "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation", "Chinese verbs", "Eastern Min classifiers", "Eastern Min hanzi", "Eastern Min lemmas", "Eastern Min nouns", "Eastern Min verbs", "Middle Chinese classifiers", "Middle Chinese hanzi", "Middle Chinese lemmas", "Middle Chinese nouns", "Middle Chinese verbs", "Northern Min classifiers", "Northern Min hanzi", "Northern Min lemmas", "Northern Min nouns", "Northern Min verbs", "Old Chinese classifiers", "Old Chinese hanzi", "Old Chinese lemmas", "Old Chinese nouns", "Old Chinese verbs", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries"], "derived": [{"roman": "yīcéng", "word": "一層"}, {"roman": "yīcéng", "word": "一层"}, {"word": "一層天"}, {"word": "一层天"}, {"word": "三層"}, {"word": "三层"}, {"roman": "xiàcéng", "word": "下層"}, {"roman": "xiàcéng", "word": "下层"}, {"roman": "shàngcéng", "word": "上層"}, {"roman": "shàngcéng", "word": "上层"}, {"word": "三層仔"}, {"word": "三层仔"}, {"roman": "sāncéngròu", "word": "三層肉"}, {"roman": "sāncéngròu", "word": "三层肉"}, {"word": "下層階級"}, {"word": "下层阶级"}, {"roman": "zhōngcéng", "word": "中層"}, {"roman": "zhōngcéng", "word": "中层"}, {"word": "中氣層"}, {"word": "中气层"}, {"roman": "zhōngpēicéng", "word": "中胚層"}, {"roman": "zhōngpēicéng", "word": "中胚层"}, {"roman": "jiǔcéngtǎ", "word": "九層塔"}, {"roman": "jiǔcéngtǎ", "word": "九层塔"}, {"word": "傾移斷層"}, {"word": "倾移断层"}, {"word": "內層"}, {"word": "内层"}, {"word": "分層負責"}, {"word": "分层负责"}, {"word": "剝一層皮"}, {"word": "剥一层皮"}, {"roman": "qiāncénggāo", "word": "千層糕"}, {"roman": "qiāncénggāo", "word": "千层糕"}, {"roman": "qiāncéngmiàn", "word": "千層麵"}, {"roman": "qiāncéngmiàn", "word": "千层面"}, {"roman": "juǎncéngyún", "word": "卷層雲"}, {"roman": "juǎncéngyún", "word": "卷层云"}, {"word": "向斜層"}, {"word": "向斜层"}, {"word": "同斜層"}, {"word": "同斜层"}, {"roman": "tóngwēncéng", "word": "同溫層"}, {"roman": "tóngwēncéng", "word": "同温层"}, {"roman": "hánshuǐcéng", "word": "含水層"}, {"roman": "hánshuǐcéng", "word": "含水层"}, {"word": "單斜層"}, {"word": "单斜层"}, {"word": "土層"}, {"word": "土层"}, {"roman": "dìcéng", "word": "地層"}, {"roman": "dìcéng", "word": "地层"}, {"word": "地層下陷"}, {"word": "地层下陷"}, {"roman": "jīcéng", "word": "基層"}, {"roman": "jīcéng", "word": "基层"}, {"word": "基層建設"}, {"word": "基层建设"}, {"word": "基層組織"}, {"word": "基层组织"}, {"word": "基層行政"}, {"word": "基层行政"}, {"roman": "túcéng", "word": "塗層"}, {"roman": "túcéng", "word": "涂层"}, {"roman": "wàicéng", "word": "外層"}, {"roman": "wàicéng", "word": "外层"}, {"roman": "wàipēicéng", "word": "外胚層"}, {"roman": "wàipēicéng", "word": "外胚层"}, {"roman": "dàqìcéng", "word": "大氣層"}, {"roman": "dàqìcéng", "word": "大气层"}, {"word": "大腦皮層"}, {"word": "大脑皮层"}, {"word": "大陸礁層"}, {"word": "大陆礁层"}, {"roman": "jiācéng", "word": "夾層"}, {"roman": "jiācéng", "word": "夹层"}, {"word": "夾層屋"}, {"word": "夹层屋"}, {"word": "密密層層"}, {"word": "密密层层"}, {"word": "密層層"}, {"word": "密层层"}, {"roman": "duìliúcéng", "word": "對流層"}, {"roman": "duìliúcéng", "word": "对流层"}, {"roman": "céngchūbùqióng", "word": "層出不窮"}, {"roman": "céngchūbùqióng", "word": "层出不穷"}, {"roman": "céngchūdiéxiàn", "word": "層出疊見"}, {"roman": "céngchūdiéxiàn", "word": "层出叠见"}, {"roman": "céngbào", "word": "層報"}, {"roman": "céngbào", "word": "层报"}, {"word": "層壓"}, {"word": "层压"}, {"word": "層壓法"}, {"word": "层压法"}, {"word": "層密"}, {"word": "层密"}, {"roman": "céngcéng", "word": "層層"}, {"roman": "céngcéng", "word": "层层"}, {"word": "層層加碼"}, {"word": "层层加码"}, {"word": "層層深入"}, {"word": "层层深入"}, {"word": "層層疊疊"}, {"word": "层层叠叠"}, {"word": "層峰"}, {"word": "层峰"}, {"roman": "céngluán", "word": "層巒"}, {"roman": "céngluán", "word": "层峦"}, {"word": "層巒疊嶂"}, {"word": "层峦叠嶂"}, {"word": "層序分明"}, {"word": "层序分明"}, {"word": "層態"}, {"word": "层态"}, {"roman": "cénglín", "word": "層林"}, {"roman": "cénglín", "word": "层林"}, {"word": "層樓"}, {"word": "层楼"}, {"roman": "Céngtán", "word": "層檀"}, {"roman": "Céngtán", "word": "层檀"}, {"roman": "céngcì", "word": "層次"}, {"roman": "céngcì", "word": "层次"}, {"word": "層次井然"}, {"word": "层次井然"}, {"word": "層次分明"}, {"word": "层次分明"}, {"roman": "céngliú", "word": "層流"}, {"roman": "céngliú", "word": "层流"}, {"word": "層浪"}, {"word": "层浪"}, {"word": "層瀾"}, {"word": "层澜"}, {"word": "層理"}, {"word": "层理"}, {"word": "層甍"}, {"word": "层甍"}, {"roman": "céngdié", "word": "層疊"}, {"roman": "céngdié", "word": "层叠"}, {"word": "層積法"}, {"word": "层积法"}, {"roman": "céngjīyún", "word": "層積雲"}, {"roman": "céngjīyún", "word": "层积云"}, {"roman": "céngjí", "word": "層級"}, {"roman": "céngjí", "word": "层级"}, {"word": "層臺"}, {"word": "层台"}, {"roman": "céngxiàndiéchū", "word": "層見疊出"}, {"roman": "céngxiàndiéchū", "word": "层见叠出"}, {"word": "層遞"}, {"word": "层递"}, {"roman": "céngyún", "word": "層雲"}, {"roman": "céngyún", "word": "层云"}, {"roman": "céngmiàn", "word": "層面"}, {"roman": "céngmiàn", "word": "层面"}, {"word": "岩層"}, {"word": "岩层"}, {"word": "常溫層"}, {"word": "常温层"}, {"roman": "píngliúcéng", "word": "平流層"}, {"roman": "píngliúcéng", "word": "平流层"}, {"word": "平移斷層"}, {"word": "平移断层"}, {"word": "年齡層"}, {"word": "年龄层"}, {"roman": "dǐcéng", "word": "底層"}, {"roman": "dǐcéng", "word": "底层"}, {"roman": "xíngchéngcéng", "word": "形成層"}, {"roman": "xíngchéngcéng", "word": "形成层"}, {"word": "恆溫層"}, {"word": "恒温层"}, {"word": "文化層"}, {"word": "文化层"}, {"word": "斜溫層"}, {"word": "斜温层"}, {"roman": "duàncéng", "word": "斷層"}, {"roman": "duàncéng", "word": "断层"}, {"roman": "duàncéng sǎomiáo", "word": "斷層掃描"}, {"roman": "duàncéng sǎomiáo", "word": "断层扫描"}, {"roman": "gèngshàngyīcénglóu", "word": "更上一層樓"}, {"roman": "gèngshàngyīcénglóu", "word": "更上一层楼"}, {"word": "更上層樓"}, {"word": "更上层楼"}, {"word": "楞層"}, {"word": "楞层"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "楼层"}, {"word": "正斷層"}, {"word": "正断层"}, {"word": "氣密層"}, {"word": "气密层"}, {"word": "沖積層"}, {"word": "冲积层"}, {"word": "油層"}, {"word": "油层"}, {"word": "活斷層"}, {"word": "活断层"}, {"word": "洪積層"}, {"word": "洪积层"}, {"word": "海成層"}, {"word": "海成层"}, {"word": "混合層"}, {"word": "混合层"}, {"word": "游離層"}, {"word": "游离层"}, {"word": "炭層"}, {"word": "炭层"}, {"roman": "méicéng", "word": "煤層"}, {"roman": "méicéng", "word": "煤层"}, {"word": "熱氣層"}, {"word": "热气层"}, {"word": "特權階層"}, {"word": "特权阶层"}, {"word": "疊嶺層巒"}, {"word": "叠岭层峦"}, {"word": "白千層"}, {"word": "白千层"}, {"word": "皮層"}, {"word": "皮层"}, {"word": "矽鎂層"}, {"word": "矽镁层"}, {"word": "礦層"}, {"word": "矿层"}, {"word": "稜層"}, {"word": "棱层"}, {"word": "綠皮層"}, {"word": "绿皮层"}, {"roman": "pēicéng", "word": "胚層"}, {"roman": "pēicéng", "word": "胚层"}, {"word": "背斜層"}, {"word": "背斜层"}, {"word": "胞間層"}, {"word": "胞间层"}, {"roman": "chòuyǎngcéng", "word": "臭氧層"}, {"roman": "chòuyǎngcéng", "word": "臭氧层"}, {"word": "表土層"}, {"word": "表土层"}, {"roman": "biǎocéng", "word": "表層"}, {"roman": "biǎocéng", "word": "表层"}, {"roman": "jiǎozhìcéng", "word": "角質層"}, {"roman": "jiǎozhìcéng", "word": "角质层"}, {"word": "變溫層"}, {"word": "变温层"}, {"word": "逆溫層"}, {"word": "逆温层"}, {"roman": "jiēcéng", "word": "階層"}, {"roman": "jiēcéng", "word": "阶层"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng", "word": "雙層"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng", "word": "双层"}, {"word": "雙層公路"}, {"word": "双层公路"}, {"word": "雙層公車"}, {"word": "双层公车"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng bāshì", "word": "雙層巴士"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng bāshì", "word": "双层巴士"}, {"roman": "yǔcéngyún", "word": "雨層雲"}, {"roman": "yǔcéngyún", "word": "雨层云"}, {"roman": "yúncéng", "word": "雲層"}, {"roman": "yúncéng", "word": "云层"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng", "word": "頂層"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng", "word": "顶层"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng shèjì", "word": "頂層設計"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng shèjì", "word": "顶层设计"}, {"word": "高層人士"}, {"word": "高层人士"}, {"word": "高階層"}, {"word": "高阶层"}, {"word": "鳥糞層"}, {"word": "鸟粪层"}], "descendants": [{"depth": 0, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "層"}, "expansion": "層", "name": "lang"}, {"args": {"1": "ja", "2": "-", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Japanese:", "name": "desc"}, {"args": {"1": "層", "2": "そう", "gloss": ""}, "expansion": "層(そう) (sō)", "name": "ja-r"}, {"args": {"1": "ko", "2": "층(層)", "3": "", "4": "", "5": "", "bor": "1", "id": "層", "id2": "", "id3": "", "id4": "", "t": "", "t2": "", "t3": "", "t4": ""}, "expansion": "→ Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "desc"}, {"args": {"1": "層", "2": "そう", "3": "층", "4": "", "5": "", "6": "", "h": "層", "j2": "", "j2t": "", "j3": "", "j3t": "", "j4": "", "j4t": "", "jdesc": "", "jje2": "", "jje2t": "", "jje3": "", "jje3t": "", "jje4": "", "jje4t": "", "jjedesc": "", "jjet": "", "jt": "", "k2": "", "k2t": "", "k3": "", "k3t": "", "k4": "", "k4t": "", "kdesc": "", "kt": "", "o": "層", "o2": "", "o2t": "", "o3": "", "o3t": "", "o4": "", "o4t": "", "odesc": "", "ot": "", "s": "層", "v": "層", "v2": "", "v2t": "", "v3": "", "v3t": "", "v4": "", "v4t": "", "vdesc": "", "vt": ""}, "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "CJKV/code"}, {"args": {"1": "", "2": "そう", "3": "층"}, "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "CJKV"}], "text": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)"}, {"depth": 1, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "vi", "2": "tầng", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Vietnamese: tầng", "name": "desc"}], "text": "→ Vietnamese: tầng"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "Han phono-semantic compounds"}, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize"}, {"args": {"1": "psc", "adj": "", "nocap": "", "pron": "OC *zɯːŋ"}, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ)", "name": "liushu"}, {"args": {"1": "尸", "2": "曾", "c1": "s", "c2": "p", "ls": "psc"}, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ): semantic 尸 + phonetic 曾 (OC *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯːŋ)", "name": "Han compound"}, {"args": {"1": "Baxter and Sagart (2014)"}, "expansion": "Baxter and Sagart (2014)", "name": "zh-ref"}, {"args": {"1": "增", "2": "to increase, to expand, to add", "tr": "*s-tˤəŋ"}, "expansion": "增 (OC *s-tˤəŋ, “to increase, to expand, to add”)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "登", "2": "to go up, to climb", "tr": "*tˤəŋ"}, "expansion": "登 (OC *tˤəŋ, “to go up, to climb”)", "name": "och-l"}], "etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ): semantic 尸 + phonetic 曾 (OC *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯːŋ).\nThe Baxter and Sagart (2014) reconstruction suggests this word is derived from 增 (OC *s-tˤəŋ, “to increase, to expand, to add”), in turn derived from 登 (OC *tˤəŋ, “to go up, to climb”).", "forms": [{"form": "层", "raw_tags": ["Simplified Chinese"]}, {"form": "曾"}, {"form": "层", "raw_tags": ["Simplified Chinese"]}, {"form": "沿"}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "hanzi"}, "expansion": "層", "name": "head"}], "lang": "Chinese", "lang_code": "zh", "pos": "character", "senses": [{"glosses": ["to pile up; to overlap"], "links": [["pile up", "pile up"], ["overlap", "overlap"]]}, {"glosses": ["thing made of layers"], "links": [["layer", "layer"]]}, {"glosses": ["layer; storey; floor; stratum"], "links": [["layer", "layer"], ["storey", "storey"], ["floor", "floor"], ["stratum", "stratum"]]}, {"glosses": ["Classifier for things arranged in layers, storeys or levels."], "links": [["layer", "layer"], ["storey", "storey"], ["level", "level"]]}, {"categories": ["Southern Min Chinese"], "glosses": ["Classifier for events."], "links": [["event", "event"]], "raw_glosses": ["(Southern Min) Classifier for events."], "tags": ["Min", "Southern"]}], "sounds": [{"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin", "standard"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin", "standard"], "zh-pron": "ceng²"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "bopomofo", "standard"], "zh-pron": "ㄘㄥˊ"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "цын"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "cɨn"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "I"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "cang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su", "Sixian"], "zh-pron": "chhèn"}, {"zh-pron": "cǎing"}, {"zh-pron": "cèng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chn̂g"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chêng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chân"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chàn"}, {"tags": ["Peng'im", "Teochew"], "zh-pron": "zang⁵"}, {"zh-pron": "⁶zen"}, {"tags": ["Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "bopomofo"], "zh-pron": "ㄘㄥˊ"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Tongyong-Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Wade-Giles"], "zh-pron": "tsʻêng²"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "tséng"}, {"tags": ["Gwoyeu-Romatsyh", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "tserng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "цэн"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "cɛn"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/", "tags": ["Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰəŋ²⁴/", "tags": ["Dungan", "Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "cang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "chàhng"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "tsang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangdong-Romanization", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong"], "zh-pron": "ceng⁴"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/", "tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su"], "zh-pron": "chhèn"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Hakka-Romanization-System"], "zh-pron": "cen^ˇ"}, {"tags": ["Hagfa-Pinyim", "Hakka"], "zh-pron": "cen²"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰen¹¹/", "tags": ["Hakka", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Jian'ou", "Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"], "zh-pron": "cǎing"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saiŋ²¹/", "tags": ["Jian'ou", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Foochow-Romanized", "Fuzhou"], "zh-pron": "cèng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sɛiŋ⁵³/", "tags": ["Fuzhou", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsn̂g"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zngg"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sŋ̍²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Quanzhou"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsîng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zeeng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Xiamen"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ¹³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Zhangzhou"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsân"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zaan"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Kaohsiung"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Zhangzhou"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Quanzhou", "Taipei", "Xiamen"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsàn"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zaxn"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹¹/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Taipei"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²¹/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Kaohsiung"]}, {"tags": ["POJ", "Teochew"], "zh-pron": "tsâng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saŋ⁵⁵/", "tags": ["Sinological-IPA", "Teochew"]}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "⁶zen"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "zen^去"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "³zen"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "/zən²³/"}, {"tags": ["Middle-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "dzong"}, {"tags": ["Baxter-Sagart", "Old-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "/*N-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"tags": ["Baxter-Sagart", "Old-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "/*m-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"tags": ["Old-Chinese", "Zhengzhang"], "zh-pron": "/*zɯːŋ/"}, {"other": "/ chêng /"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰəŋ²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰen¹¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saiŋ²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sɛiŋ⁵³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sŋ̍²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ¹³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saŋ⁵⁵/"}, {"ipa": "/zən²³/"}, {"other": "/*N-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"other": "/*m-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"other": "/*zɯːŋ/"}], "synonyms": [{"roman": "lóu", "word": "樓／楼"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層／楼层"}, {"english": "more colloquial and more used", "roman": "lóu", "word": "樓"}, {"english": "more colloquial and more used", "roman": "lóu", "word": "楼"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "楼层"}, {"roman": "chàn", "sense": "storey", "tags": ["Hokkien"], "word": "棧"}, {"roman": "chàn", "sense": "storey", "tags": ["Hokkien"], "word": "栈"}], "word": "層"}
層 (Chinese character) 層/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Old-Chinese not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Beginning Mandarin", "Chinese classifiers", "Chinese entries with incorrect language header", "Chinese hanzi", "Chinese lemmas", "Chinese nouns", "Chinese terms spelled with 層", "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation", "Chinese verbs", "Eastern Min classifiers", "Eastern Min hanzi", "Eastern Min lemmas", "Eastern Min nouns", "Eastern Min verbs", "Middle Chinese classifiers", "Middle Chinese hanzi", "Middle Chinese lemmas", "Middle Chinese nouns", "Middle Chinese verbs", "Northern Min classifiers", "Northern Min hanzi", "Northern Min lemmas", "Northern Min nouns", "Northern Min verbs", "Old Chinese classifiers", "Old Chinese hanzi", "Old Chinese lemmas", "Old Chinese nouns", "Old Chinese verbs", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries"], "derived": [{"roman": "yīcéng", "word": "一層"}, {"roman": "yīcéng", "word": "一层"}, {"word": "一層天"}, {"word": "一层天"}, {"word": "三層"}, {"word": "三层"}, {"roman": "xiàcéng", "word": "下層"}, {"roman": "xiàcéng", "word": "下层"}, {"roman": "shàngcéng", "word": "上層"}, {"roman": "shàngcéng", "word": "上层"}, {"word": "三層仔"}, {"word": "三层仔"}, {"roman": "sāncéngròu", "word": "三層肉"}, {"roman": "sāncéngròu", "word": "三层肉"}, {"word": "下層階級"}, {"word": "下层阶级"}, {"roman": "zhōngcéng", "word": "中層"}, {"roman": "zhōngcéng", "word": "中层"}, {"word": "中氣層"}, {"word": "中气层"}, {"roman": "zhōngpēicéng", "word": "中胚層"}, {"roman": "zhōngpēicéng", "word": "中胚层"}, {"roman": "jiǔcéngtǎ", "word": "九層塔"}, {"roman": "jiǔcéngtǎ", "word": "九层塔"}, {"word": "傾移斷層"}, {"word": "倾移断层"}, {"word": "內層"}, {"word": "内层"}, {"word": "分層負責"}, {"word": "分层负责"}, {"word": "剝一層皮"}, {"word": "剥一层皮"}, {"roman": "qiāncénggāo", "word": "千層糕"}, {"roman": "qiāncénggāo", "word": "千层糕"}, {"roman": "qiāncéngmiàn", "word": "千層麵"}, {"roman": "qiāncéngmiàn", "word": "千层面"}, {"roman": "juǎncéngyún", "word": "卷層雲"}, {"roman": "juǎncéngyún", "word": "卷层云"}, {"word": "向斜層"}, {"word": "向斜层"}, {"word": "同斜層"}, {"word": "同斜层"}, {"roman": "tóngwēncéng", "word": "同溫層"}, {"roman": "tóngwēncéng", "word": "同温层"}, {"roman": "hánshuǐcéng", "word": "含水層"}, {"roman": "hánshuǐcéng", "word": "含水层"}, {"word": "單斜層"}, {"word": "单斜层"}, {"word": "土層"}, {"word": "土层"}, {"roman": "dìcéng", "word": "地層"}, {"roman": "dìcéng", "word": "地层"}, {"word": "地層下陷"}, {"word": "地层下陷"}, {"roman": "jīcéng", "word": "基層"}, {"roman": "jīcéng", "word": "基层"}, {"word": "基層建設"}, {"word": "基层建设"}, {"word": "基層組織"}, {"word": "基层组织"}, {"word": "基層行政"}, {"word": "基层行政"}, {"roman": "túcéng", "word": "塗層"}, {"roman": "túcéng", "word": "涂层"}, {"roman": "wàicéng", "word": "外層"}, {"roman": "wàicéng", "word": "外层"}, {"roman": "wàipēicéng", "word": "外胚層"}, {"roman": "wàipēicéng", "word": "外胚层"}, {"roman": "dàqìcéng", "word": "大氣層"}, {"roman": "dàqìcéng", "word": "大气层"}, {"word": "大腦皮層"}, {"word": "大脑皮层"}, {"word": "大陸礁層"}, {"word": "大陆礁层"}, {"roman": "jiācéng", "word": "夾層"}, {"roman": "jiācéng", "word": "夹层"}, {"word": "夾層屋"}, {"word": "夹层屋"}, {"word": "密密層層"}, {"word": "密密层层"}, {"word": "密層層"}, {"word": "密层层"}, {"roman": "duìliúcéng", "word": "對流層"}, {"roman": "duìliúcéng", "word": "对流层"}, {"roman": "céngchūbùqióng", "word": "層出不窮"}, {"roman": "céngchūbùqióng", "word": "层出不穷"}, {"roman": "céngchūdiéxiàn", "word": "層出疊見"}, {"roman": "céngchūdiéxiàn", "word": "层出叠见"}, {"roman": "céngbào", "word": "層報"}, {"roman": "céngbào", "word": "层报"}, {"word": "層壓"}, {"word": "层压"}, {"word": "層壓法"}, {"word": "层压法"}, {"word": "層密"}, {"word": "层密"}, {"roman": "céngcéng", "word": "層層"}, {"roman": "céngcéng", "word": "层层"}, {"word": "層層加碼"}, {"word": "层层加码"}, {"word": "層層深入"}, {"word": "层层深入"}, {"word": "層層疊疊"}, {"word": "层层叠叠"}, {"word": "層峰"}, {"word": "层峰"}, {"roman": "céngluán", "word": "層巒"}, {"roman": "céngluán", "word": "层峦"}, {"word": "層巒疊嶂"}, {"word": "层峦叠嶂"}, {"word": "層序分明"}, {"word": "层序分明"}, {"word": "層態"}, {"word": "层态"}, {"roman": "cénglín", "word": "層林"}, {"roman": "cénglín", "word": "层林"}, {"word": "層樓"}, {"word": "层楼"}, {"roman": "Céngtán", "word": "層檀"}, {"roman": "Céngtán", "word": "层檀"}, {"roman": "céngcì", "word": "層次"}, {"roman": "céngcì", "word": "层次"}, {"word": "層次井然"}, {"word": "层次井然"}, {"word": "層次分明"}, {"word": "层次分明"}, {"roman": "céngliú", "word": "層流"}, {"roman": "céngliú", "word": "层流"}, {"word": "層浪"}, {"word": "层浪"}, {"word": "層瀾"}, {"word": "层澜"}, {"word": "層理"}, {"word": "层理"}, {"word": "層甍"}, {"word": "层甍"}, {"roman": "céngdié", "word": "層疊"}, {"roman": "céngdié", "word": "层叠"}, {"word": "層積法"}, {"word": "层积法"}, {"roman": "céngjīyún", "word": "層積雲"}, {"roman": "céngjīyún", "word": "层积云"}, {"roman": "céngjí", "word": "層級"}, {"roman": "céngjí", "word": "层级"}, {"word": "層臺"}, {"word": "层台"}, {"roman": "céngxiàndiéchū", "word": "層見疊出"}, {"roman": "céngxiàndiéchū", "word": "层见叠出"}, {"word": "層遞"}, {"word": "层递"}, {"roman": "céngyún", "word": "層雲"}, {"roman": "céngyún", "word": "层云"}, {"roman": "céngmiàn", "word": "層面"}, {"roman": "céngmiàn", "word": "层面"}, {"word": "岩層"}, {"word": "岩层"}, {"word": "常溫層"}, {"word": "常温层"}, {"roman": "píngliúcéng", "word": "平流層"}, {"roman": "píngliúcéng", "word": "平流层"}, {"word": "平移斷層"}, {"word": "平移断层"}, {"word": "年齡層"}, {"word": "年龄层"}, {"roman": "dǐcéng", "word": "底層"}, {"roman": "dǐcéng", "word": "底层"}, {"roman": "xíngchéngcéng", "word": "形成層"}, {"roman": "xíngchéngcéng", "word": "形成层"}, {"word": "恆溫層"}, {"word": "恒温层"}, {"word": "文化層"}, {"word": "文化层"}, {"word": "斜溫層"}, {"word": "斜温层"}, {"roman": "duàncéng", "word": "斷層"}, {"roman": "duàncéng", "word": "断层"}, {"roman": "duàncéng sǎomiáo", "word": "斷層掃描"}, {"roman": "duàncéng sǎomiáo", "word": "断层扫描"}, {"roman": "gèngshàngyīcénglóu", "word": "更上一層樓"}, {"roman": "gèngshàngyīcénglóu", "word": "更上一层楼"}, {"word": "更上層樓"}, {"word": "更上层楼"}, {"word": "楞層"}, {"word": "楞层"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "楼层"}, {"word": "正斷層"}, {"word": "正断层"}, {"word": "氣密層"}, {"word": "气密层"}, {"word": "沖積層"}, {"word": "冲积层"}, {"word": "油層"}, {"word": "油层"}, {"word": "活斷層"}, {"word": "活断层"}, {"word": "洪積層"}, {"word": "洪积层"}, {"word": "海成層"}, {"word": "海成层"}, {"word": "混合層"}, {"word": "混合层"}, {"word": "游離層"}, {"word": "游离层"}, {"word": "炭層"}, {"word": "炭层"}, {"roman": "méicéng", "word": "煤層"}, {"roman": "méicéng", "word": "煤层"}, {"word": "熱氣層"}, {"word": "热气层"}, {"word": "特權階層"}, {"word": "特权阶层"}, {"word": "疊嶺層巒"}, {"word": "叠岭层峦"}, {"word": "白千層"}, {"word": "白千层"}, {"word": "皮層"}, {"word": "皮层"}, {"word": "矽鎂層"}, {"word": "矽镁层"}, {"word": "礦層"}, {"word": "矿层"}, {"word": "稜層"}, {"word": "棱层"}, {"word": "綠皮層"}, {"word": "绿皮层"}, {"roman": "pēicéng", "word": "胚層"}, {"roman": "pēicéng", "word": "胚层"}, {"word": "背斜層"}, {"word": "背斜层"}, {"word": "胞間層"}, {"word": "胞间层"}, {"roman": "chòuyǎngcéng", "word": "臭氧層"}, {"roman": "chòuyǎngcéng", "word": "臭氧层"}, {"word": "表土層"}, {"word": "表土层"}, {"roman": "biǎocéng", "word": "表層"}, {"roman": "biǎocéng", "word": "表层"}, {"roman": "jiǎozhìcéng", "word": "角質層"}, {"roman": "jiǎozhìcéng", "word": "角质层"}, {"word": "變溫層"}, {"word": "变温层"}, {"word": "逆溫層"}, {"word": "逆温层"}, {"roman": "jiēcéng", "word": "階層"}, {"roman": "jiēcéng", "word": "阶层"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng", "word": "雙層"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng", "word": "双层"}, {"word": "雙層公路"}, {"word": "双层公路"}, {"word": "雙層公車"}, {"word": "双层公车"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng bāshì", "word": "雙層巴士"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng bāshì", "word": "双层巴士"}, {"roman": "yǔcéngyún", "word": "雨層雲"}, {"roman": "yǔcéngyún", "word": "雨层云"}, {"roman": "yúncéng", "word": "雲層"}, {"roman": "yúncéng", "word": "云层"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng", "word": "頂層"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng", "word": "顶层"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng shèjì", "word": "頂層設計"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng shèjì", "word": "顶层设计"}, {"word": "高層人士"}, {"word": "高层人士"}, {"word": "高階層"}, {"word": "高阶层"}, {"word": "鳥糞層"}, {"word": "鸟粪层"}], "descendants": [{"depth": 0, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "層"}, "expansion": "層", "name": "lang"}, {"args": {"1": "ja", "2": "-", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Japanese:", "name": "desc"}, {"args": {"1": "層", "2": "そう", "gloss": ""}, "expansion": "層(そう) (sō)", "name": "ja-r"}, {"args": {"1": "ko", "2": "층(層)", "3": "", "4": "", "5": "", "bor": "1", "id": "層", "id2": "", "id3": "", "id4": "", "t": "", "t2": "", "t3": "", "t4": ""}, "expansion": "→ Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "desc"}, {"args": {"1": "層", "2": "そう", "3": "층", "4": "", "5": "", "6": "", "h": "層", "j2": "", "j2t": "", "j3": "", "j3t": "", "j4": "", "j4t": "", "jdesc": "", "jje2": "", "jje2t": "", "jje3": "", "jje3t": "", "jje4": "", "jje4t": "", "jjedesc": "", "jjet": "", "jt": "", "k2": "", "k2t": "", "k3": "", "k3t": "", "k4": "", "k4t": "", "kdesc": "", "kt": "", "o": "層", "o2": "", "o2t": "", "o3": "", "o3t": "", "o4": "", "o4t": "", "odesc": "", "ot": "", "s": "層", "v": "層", "v2": "", "v2t": "", "v3": "", "v3t": "", "v4": "", "v4t": "", "vdesc": "", "vt": ""}, "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "CJKV/code"}, {"args": {"1": "", "2": "そう", "3": "층"}, "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "CJKV"}], "text": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)"}, {"depth": 1, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "vi", "2": "tầng", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Vietnamese: tầng", "name": "desc"}], "text": "→ Vietnamese: tầng"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "Han phono-semantic compounds"}, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize"}, {"args": {"1": "psc", "adj": "", "nocap": "", "pron": "OC *zɯːŋ"}, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ)", "name": "liushu"}, {"args": {"1": "尸", "2": "曾", "c1": "s", "c2": "p", "ls": "psc"}, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ): semantic 尸 + phonetic 曾 (OC *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯːŋ)", "name": "Han compound"}, {"args": {"1": "Baxter and Sagart (2014)"}, "expansion": "Baxter and Sagart (2014)", "name": "zh-ref"}, {"args": {"1": "增", "2": "to increase, to expand, to add", "tr": "*s-tˤəŋ"}, "expansion": "增 (OC *s-tˤəŋ, “to increase, to expand, to add”)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "登", "2": "to go up, to climb", "tr": "*tˤəŋ"}, "expansion": "登 (OC *tˤəŋ, “to go up, to climb”)", "name": "och-l"}], "etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ): semantic 尸 + phonetic 曾 (OC *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯːŋ).\nThe Baxter and Sagart (2014) reconstruction suggests this word is derived from 增 (OC *s-tˤəŋ, “to increase, to expand, to add”), in turn derived from 登 (OC *tˤəŋ, “to go up, to climb”).", "forms": [{"form": "层", "raw_tags": ["Simplified Chinese"]}, {"form": "曾"}, {"form": "层", "raw_tags": ["Simplified Chinese"]}, {"form": "沿"}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "hanzi"}, "expansion": "層", "name": "head"}], "lang": "Chinese", "lang_code": "zh", "pos": "character", "senses": [{"glosses": ["to pile up; to overlap"], "links": [["pile up", "pile up"], ["overlap", "overlap"]]}, {"glosses": ["thing made of layers"], "links": [["layer", "layer"]]}, {"glosses": ["layer; storey; floor; stratum"], "links": [["layer", "layer"], ["storey", "storey"], ["floor", "floor"], ["stratum", "stratum"]]}, {"glosses": ["Classifier for things arranged in layers, storeys or levels."], "links": [["layer", "layer"], ["storey", "storey"], ["level", "level"]]}, {"categories": ["Southern Min Chinese"], "glosses": ["Classifier for events."], "links": [["event", "event"]], "raw_glosses": ["(Southern Min) Classifier for events."], "tags": ["Min", "Southern"]}], "sounds": [{"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin", "standard"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin", "standard"], "zh-pron": "ceng²"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "bopomofo", "standard"], "zh-pron": "ㄘㄥˊ"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "цын"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "cɨn"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "I"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "cang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su", "Sixian"], "zh-pron": "chhèn"}, {"zh-pron": "cǎing"}, {"zh-pron": "cèng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chn̂g"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chêng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chân"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chàn"}, {"tags": ["Peng'im", "Teochew"], "zh-pron": "zang⁵"}, {"zh-pron": "⁶zen"}, {"tags": ["Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "bopomofo"], "zh-pron": "ㄘㄥˊ"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Tongyong-Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Wade-Giles"], "zh-pron": "tsʻêng²"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "tséng"}, {"tags": ["Gwoyeu-Romatsyh", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "tserng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "цэн"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "cɛn"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/", "tags": ["Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰəŋ²⁴/", "tags": ["Dungan", "Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "cang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "chàhng"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "tsang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangdong-Romanization", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong"], "zh-pron": "ceng⁴"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/", "tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su"], "zh-pron": "chhèn"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Hakka-Romanization-System"], "zh-pron": "cen^ˇ"}, {"tags": ["Hagfa-Pinyim", "Hakka"], "zh-pron": "cen²"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰen¹¹/", "tags": ["Hakka", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Jian'ou", "Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"], "zh-pron": "cǎing"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saiŋ²¹/", "tags": ["Jian'ou", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Foochow-Romanized", "Fuzhou"], "zh-pron": "cèng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sɛiŋ⁵³/", "tags": ["Fuzhou", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsn̂g"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zngg"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sŋ̍²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Quanzhou"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsîng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zeeng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Xiamen"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ¹³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Zhangzhou"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsân"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zaan"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Kaohsiung"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Zhangzhou"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Quanzhou", "Taipei", "Xiamen"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsàn"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zaxn"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹¹/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Taipei"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²¹/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Kaohsiung"]}, {"tags": ["POJ", "Teochew"], "zh-pron": "tsâng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saŋ⁵⁵/", "tags": ["Sinological-IPA", "Teochew"]}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "⁶zen"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "zen^去"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "³zen"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "/zən²³/"}, {"tags": ["Middle-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "dzong"}, {"tags": ["Baxter-Sagart", "Old-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "/*N-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"tags": ["Baxter-Sagart", "Old-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "/*m-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"tags": ["Old-Chinese", "Zhengzhang"], "zh-pron": "/*zɯːŋ/"}, {"other": "/ chêng /"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰəŋ²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰen¹¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saiŋ²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sɛiŋ⁵³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sŋ̍²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ¹³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saŋ⁵⁵/"}, {"ipa": "/zən²³/"}, {"other": "/*N-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"other": "/*m-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"other": "/*zɯːŋ/"}], "synonyms": [{"roman": "lóu", "word": "樓／楼"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層／楼层"}, {"english": "more colloquial and more used", "roman": "lóu", "word": "樓"}, {"english": "more colloquial and more used", "roman": "lóu", "word": "楼"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "楼层"}, {"roman": "chàn", "sense": "storey", "tags": ["Hokkien"], "word": "棧"}, {"roman": "chàn", "sense": "storey", "tags": ["Hokkien"], "word": "栈"}], "word": "層"}
層 (Chinese character) 層/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Old-Chinese not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Beginning Mandarin", "Chinese classifiers", "Chinese entries with incorrect language header", "Chinese hanzi", "Chinese lemmas", "Chinese nouns", "Chinese terms spelled with 層", "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation", "Chinese verbs", "Eastern Min classifiers", "Eastern Min hanzi", "Eastern Min lemmas", "Eastern Min nouns", "Eastern Min verbs", "Middle Chinese classifiers", "Middle Chinese hanzi", "Middle Chinese lemmas", "Middle Chinese nouns", "Middle Chinese verbs", "Northern Min classifiers", "Northern Min hanzi", "Northern Min lemmas", "Northern Min nouns", "Northern Min verbs", "Old Chinese classifiers", "Old Chinese hanzi", "Old Chinese lemmas", "Old Chinese nouns", "Old Chinese verbs", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries"], "derived": [{"roman": "yīcéng", "word": "一層"}, {"roman": "yīcéng", "word": "一层"}, {"word": "一層天"}, {"word": "一层天"}, {"word": "三層"}, {"word": "三层"}, {"roman": "xiàcéng", "word": "下層"}, {"roman": "xiàcéng", "word": "下层"}, {"roman": "shàngcéng", "word": "上層"}, {"roman": "shàngcéng", "word": "上层"}, {"word": "三層仔"}, {"word": "三层仔"}, {"roman": "sāncéngròu", "word": "三層肉"}, {"roman": "sāncéngròu", "word": "三层肉"}, {"word": "下層階級"}, {"word": "下层阶级"}, {"roman": "zhōngcéng", "word": "中層"}, {"roman": "zhōngcéng", "word": "中层"}, {"word": "中氣層"}, {"word": "中气层"}, {"roman": "zhōngpēicéng", "word": "中胚層"}, {"roman": "zhōngpēicéng", "word": "中胚层"}, {"roman": "jiǔcéngtǎ", "word": "九層塔"}, {"roman": "jiǔcéngtǎ", "word": "九层塔"}, {"word": "傾移斷層"}, {"word": "倾移断层"}, {"word": "內層"}, {"word": "内层"}, {"word": "分層負責"}, {"word": "分层负责"}, {"word": "剝一層皮"}, {"word": "剥一层皮"}, {"roman": "qiāncénggāo", "word": "千層糕"}, {"roman": "qiāncénggāo", "word": "千层糕"}, {"roman": "qiāncéngmiàn", "word": "千層麵"}, {"roman": "qiāncéngmiàn", "word": "千层面"}, {"roman": "juǎncéngyún", "word": "卷層雲"}, {"roman": "juǎncéngyún", "word": "卷层云"}, {"word": "向斜層"}, {"word": "向斜层"}, {"word": "同斜層"}, {"word": "同斜层"}, {"roman": "tóngwēncéng", "word": "同溫層"}, {"roman": "tóngwēncéng", "word": "同温层"}, {"roman": "hánshuǐcéng", "word": "含水層"}, {"roman": "hánshuǐcéng", "word": "含水层"}, {"word": "單斜層"}, {"word": "单斜层"}, {"word": "土層"}, {"word": "土层"}, {"roman": "dìcéng", "word": "地層"}, {"roman": "dìcéng", "word": "地层"}, {"word": "地層下陷"}, {"word": "地层下陷"}, {"roman": "jīcéng", "word": "基層"}, {"roman": "jīcéng", "word": "基层"}, {"word": "基層建設"}, {"word": "基层建设"}, {"word": "基層組織"}, {"word": "基层组织"}, {"word": "基層行政"}, {"word": "基层行政"}, {"roman": "túcéng", "word": "塗層"}, {"roman": "túcéng", "word": "涂层"}, {"roman": "wàicéng", "word": "外層"}, {"roman": "wàicéng", "word": "外层"}, {"roman": "wàipēicéng", "word": "外胚層"}, {"roman": "wàipēicéng", "word": "外胚层"}, {"roman": "dàqìcéng", "word": "大氣層"}, {"roman": "dàqìcéng", "word": "大气层"}, {"word": "大腦皮層"}, {"word": "大脑皮层"}, {"word": "大陸礁層"}, {"word": "大陆礁层"}, {"roman": "jiācéng", "word": "夾層"}, {"roman": "jiācéng", "word": "夹层"}, {"word": "夾層屋"}, {"word": "夹层屋"}, {"word": "密密層層"}, {"word": "密密层层"}, {"word": "密層層"}, {"word": "密层层"}, {"roman": "duìliúcéng", "word": "對流層"}, {"roman": "duìliúcéng", "word": "对流层"}, {"roman": "céngchūbùqióng", "word": "層出不窮"}, {"roman": "céngchūbùqióng", "word": "层出不穷"}, {"roman": "céngchūdiéxiàn", "word": "層出疊見"}, {"roman": "céngchūdiéxiàn", "word": "层出叠见"}, {"roman": "céngbào", "word": "層報"}, {"roman": "céngbào", "word": "层报"}, {"word": "層壓"}, {"word": "层压"}, {"word": "層壓法"}, {"word": "层压法"}, {"word": "層密"}, {"word": "层密"}, {"roman": "céngcéng", "word": "層層"}, {"roman": "céngcéng", "word": "层层"}, {"word": "層層加碼"}, {"word": "层层加码"}, {"word": "層層深入"}, {"word": "层层深入"}, {"word": "層層疊疊"}, {"word": "层层叠叠"}, {"word": "層峰"}, {"word": "层峰"}, {"roman": "céngluán", "word": "層巒"}, {"roman": "céngluán", "word": "层峦"}, {"word": "層巒疊嶂"}, {"word": "层峦叠嶂"}, {"word": "層序分明"}, {"word": "层序分明"}, {"word": "層態"}, {"word": "层态"}, {"roman": "cénglín", "word": "層林"}, {"roman": "cénglín", "word": "层林"}, {"word": "層樓"}, {"word": "层楼"}, {"roman": "Céngtán", "word": "層檀"}, {"roman": "Céngtán", "word": "层檀"}, {"roman": "céngcì", "word": "層次"}, {"roman": "céngcì", "word": "层次"}, {"word": "層次井然"}, {"word": "层次井然"}, {"word": "層次分明"}, {"word": "层次分明"}, {"roman": "céngliú", "word": "層流"}, {"roman": "céngliú", "word": "层流"}, {"word": "層浪"}, {"word": "层浪"}, {"word": "層瀾"}, {"word": "层澜"}, {"word": "層理"}, {"word": "层理"}, {"word": "層甍"}, {"word": "层甍"}, {"roman": "céngdié", "word": "層疊"}, {"roman": "céngdié", "word": "层叠"}, {"word": "層積法"}, {"word": "层积法"}, {"roman": "céngjīyún", "word": "層積雲"}, {"roman": "céngjīyún", "word": "层积云"}, {"roman": "céngjí", "word": "層級"}, {"roman": "céngjí", "word": "层级"}, {"word": "層臺"}, {"word": "层台"}, {"roman": "céngxiàndiéchū", "word": "層見疊出"}, {"roman": "céngxiàndiéchū", "word": "层见叠出"}, {"word": "層遞"}, {"word": "层递"}, {"roman": "céngyún", "word": "層雲"}, {"roman": "céngyún", "word": "层云"}, {"roman": "céngmiàn", "word": "層面"}, {"roman": "céngmiàn", "word": "层面"}, {"word": "岩層"}, {"word": "岩层"}, {"word": "常溫層"}, {"word": "常温层"}, {"roman": "píngliúcéng", "word": "平流層"}, {"roman": "píngliúcéng", "word": "平流层"}, {"word": "平移斷層"}, {"word": "平移断层"}, {"word": "年齡層"}, {"word": "年龄层"}, {"roman": "dǐcéng", "word": "底層"}, {"roman": "dǐcéng", "word": "底层"}, {"roman": "xíngchéngcéng", "word": "形成層"}, {"roman": "xíngchéngcéng", "word": "形成层"}, {"word": "恆溫層"}, {"word": "恒温层"}, {"word": "文化層"}, {"word": "文化层"}, {"word": "斜溫層"}, {"word": "斜温层"}, {"roman": "duàncéng", "word": "斷層"}, {"roman": "duàncéng", "word": "断层"}, {"roman": "duàncéng sǎomiáo", "word": "斷層掃描"}, {"roman": "duàncéng sǎomiáo", "word": "断层扫描"}, {"roman": "gèngshàngyīcénglóu", "word": "更上一層樓"}, {"roman": "gèngshàngyīcénglóu", "word": "更上一层楼"}, {"word": "更上層樓"}, {"word": "更上层楼"}, {"word": "楞層"}, {"word": "楞层"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "楼层"}, {"word": "正斷層"}, {"word": "正断层"}, {"word": "氣密層"}, {"word": "气密层"}, {"word": "沖積層"}, {"word": "冲积层"}, {"word": "油層"}, {"word": "油层"}, {"word": "活斷層"}, {"word": "活断层"}, {"word": "洪積層"}, {"word": "洪积层"}, {"word": "海成層"}, {"word": "海成层"}, {"word": "混合層"}, {"word": "混合层"}, {"word": "游離層"}, {"word": "游离层"}, {"word": "炭層"}, {"word": "炭层"}, {"roman": "méicéng", "word": "煤層"}, {"roman": "méicéng", "word": "煤层"}, {"word": "熱氣層"}, {"word": "热气层"}, {"word": "特權階層"}, {"word": "特权阶层"}, {"word": "疊嶺層巒"}, {"word": "叠岭层峦"}, {"word": "白千層"}, {"word": "白千层"}, {"word": "皮層"}, {"word": "皮层"}, {"word": "矽鎂層"}, {"word": "矽镁层"}, {"word": "礦層"}, {"word": "矿层"}, {"word": "稜層"}, {"word": "棱层"}, {"word": "綠皮層"}, {"word": "绿皮层"}, {"roman": "pēicéng", "word": "胚層"}, {"roman": "pēicéng", "word": "胚层"}, {"word": "背斜層"}, {"word": "背斜层"}, {"word": "胞間層"}, {"word": "胞间层"}, {"roman": "chòuyǎngcéng", "word": "臭氧層"}, {"roman": "chòuyǎngcéng", "word": "臭氧层"}, {"word": "表土層"}, {"word": "表土层"}, {"roman": "biǎocéng", "word": "表層"}, {"roman": "biǎocéng", "word": "表层"}, {"roman": "jiǎozhìcéng", "word": "角質層"}, {"roman": "jiǎozhìcéng", "word": "角质层"}, {"word": "變溫層"}, {"word": "变温层"}, {"word": "逆溫層"}, {"word": "逆温层"}, {"roman": "jiēcéng", "word": "階層"}, {"roman": "jiēcéng", "word": "阶层"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng", "word": "雙層"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng", "word": "双层"}, {"word": "雙層公路"}, {"word": "双层公路"}, {"word": "雙層公車"}, {"word": "双层公车"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng bāshì", "word": "雙層巴士"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng bāshì", "word": "双层巴士"}, {"roman": "yǔcéngyún", "word": "雨層雲"}, {"roman": "yǔcéngyún", "word": "雨层云"}, {"roman": "yúncéng", "word": "雲層"}, {"roman": "yúncéng", "word": "云层"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng", "word": "頂層"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng", "word": "顶层"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng shèjì", "word": "頂層設計"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng shèjì", "word": "顶层设计"}, {"word": "高層人士"}, {"word": "高层人士"}, {"word": "高階層"}, {"word": "高阶层"}, {"word": "鳥糞層"}, {"word": "鸟粪层"}], "descendants": [{"depth": 0, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "層"}, "expansion": "層", "name": "lang"}, {"args": {"1": "ja", "2": "-", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Japanese:", "name": "desc"}, {"args": {"1": "層", "2": "そう", "gloss": ""}, "expansion": "層(そう) (sō)", "name": "ja-r"}, {"args": {"1": "ko", "2": "층(層)", "3": "", "4": "", "5": "", "bor": "1", "id": "層", "id2": "", "id3": "", "id4": "", "t": "", "t2": "", "t3": "", "t4": ""}, "expansion": "→ Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "desc"}, {"args": {"1": "層", "2": "そう", "3": "층", "4": "", "5": "", "6": "", "h": "層", "j2": "", "j2t": "", "j3": "", "j3t": "", "j4": "", "j4t": "", "jdesc": "", "jje2": "", "jje2t": "", "jje3": "", "jje3t": "", "jje4": "", "jje4t": "", "jjedesc": "", "jjet": "", "jt": "", "k2": "", "k2t": "", "k3": "", "k3t": "", "k4": "", "k4t": "", "kdesc": "", "kt": "", "o": "層", "o2": "", "o2t": "", "o3": "", "o3t": "", "o4": "", "o4t": "", "odesc": "", "ot": "", "s": "層", "v": "層", "v2": "", "v2t": "", "v3": "", "v3t": "", "v4": "", "v4t": "", "vdesc": "", "vt": ""}, "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "CJKV/code"}, {"args": {"1": "", "2": "そう", "3": "층"}, "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "CJKV"}], "text": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)"}, {"depth": 1, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "vi", "2": "tầng", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Vietnamese: tầng", "name": "desc"}], "text": "→ Vietnamese: tầng"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "Han phono-semantic compounds"}, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize"}, {"args": {"1": "psc", "adj": "", "nocap": "", "pron": "OC *zɯːŋ"}, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ)", "name": "liushu"}, {"args": {"1": "尸", "2": "曾", "c1": "s", "c2": "p", "ls": "psc"}, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ): semantic 尸 + phonetic 曾 (OC *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯːŋ)", "name": "Han compound"}, {"args": {"1": "Baxter and Sagart (2014)"}, "expansion": "Baxter and Sagart (2014)", "name": "zh-ref"}, {"args": {"1": "增", "2": "to increase, to expand, to add", "tr": "*s-tˤəŋ"}, "expansion": "增 (OC *s-tˤəŋ, “to increase, to expand, to add”)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "登", "2": "to go up, to climb", "tr": "*tˤəŋ"}, "expansion": "登 (OC *tˤəŋ, “to go up, to climb”)", "name": "och-l"}], "etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ): semantic 尸 + phonetic 曾 (OC *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯːŋ).\nThe Baxter and Sagart (2014) reconstruction suggests this word is derived from 增 (OC *s-tˤəŋ, “to increase, to expand, to add”), in turn derived from 登 (OC *tˤəŋ, “to go up, to climb”).", "forms": [{"form": "层", "raw_tags": ["Simplified Chinese"]}, {"form": "曾"}, {"form": "层", "raw_tags": ["Simplified Chinese"]}, {"form": "沿"}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "hanzi"}, "expansion": "層", "name": "head"}], "lang": "Chinese", "lang_code": "zh", "pos": "character", "senses": [{"glosses": ["to pile up; to overlap"], "links": [["pile up", "pile up"], ["overlap", "overlap"]]}, {"glosses": ["thing made of layers"], "links": [["layer", "layer"]]}, {"glosses": ["layer; storey; floor; stratum"], "links": [["layer", "layer"], ["storey", "storey"], ["floor", "floor"], ["stratum", "stratum"]]}, {"glosses": ["Classifier for things arranged in layers, storeys or levels."], "links": [["layer", "layer"], ["storey", "storey"], ["level", "level"]]}, {"categories": ["Southern Min Chinese"], "glosses": ["Classifier for events."], "links": [["event", "event"]], "raw_glosses": ["(Southern Min) Classifier for events."], "tags": ["Min", "Southern"]}], "sounds": [{"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin", "standard"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin", "standard"], "zh-pron": "ceng²"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "bopomofo", "standard"], "zh-pron": "ㄘㄥˊ"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "цын"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "cɨn"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "I"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "cang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su", "Sixian"], "zh-pron": "chhèn"}, {"zh-pron": "cǎing"}, {"zh-pron": "cèng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chn̂g"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chêng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chân"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chàn"}, {"tags": ["Peng'im", "Teochew"], "zh-pron": "zang⁵"}, {"zh-pron": "⁶zen"}, {"tags": ["Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "bopomofo"], "zh-pron": "ㄘㄥˊ"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Tongyong-Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Wade-Giles"], "zh-pron": "tsʻêng²"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "tséng"}, {"tags": ["Gwoyeu-Romatsyh", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "tserng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "цэн"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "cɛn"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/", "tags": ["Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰəŋ²⁴/", "tags": ["Dungan", "Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "cang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "chàhng"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "tsang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangdong-Romanization", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong"], "zh-pron": "ceng⁴"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/", "tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su"], "zh-pron": "chhèn"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Hakka-Romanization-System"], "zh-pron": "cen^ˇ"}, {"tags": ["Hagfa-Pinyim", "Hakka"], "zh-pron": "cen²"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰen¹¹/", "tags": ["Hakka", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Jian'ou", "Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"], "zh-pron": "cǎing"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saiŋ²¹/", "tags": ["Jian'ou", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Foochow-Romanized", "Fuzhou"], "zh-pron": "cèng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sɛiŋ⁵³/", "tags": ["Fuzhou", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsn̂g"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zngg"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sŋ̍²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Quanzhou"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsîng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zeeng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Xiamen"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ¹³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Zhangzhou"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsân"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zaan"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Kaohsiung"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Zhangzhou"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Quanzhou", "Taipei", "Xiamen"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsàn"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zaxn"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹¹/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Taipei"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²¹/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Kaohsiung"]}, {"tags": ["POJ", "Teochew"], "zh-pron": "tsâng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saŋ⁵⁵/", "tags": ["Sinological-IPA", "Teochew"]}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "⁶zen"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "zen^去"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "³zen"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "/zən²³/"}, {"tags": ["Middle-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "dzong"}, {"tags": ["Baxter-Sagart", "Old-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "/*N-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"tags": ["Baxter-Sagart", "Old-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "/*m-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"tags": ["Old-Chinese", "Zhengzhang"], "zh-pron": "/*zɯːŋ/"}, {"other": "/ chêng /"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰəŋ²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰen¹¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saiŋ²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sɛiŋ⁵³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sŋ̍²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ¹³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saŋ⁵⁵/"}, {"ipa": "/zən²³/"}, {"other": "/*N-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"other": "/*m-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"other": "/*zɯːŋ/"}], "synonyms": [{"roman": "lóu", "word": "樓／楼"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層／楼层"}, {"english": "more colloquial and more used", "roman": "lóu", "word": "樓"}, {"english": "more colloquial and more used", "roman": "lóu", "word": "楼"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "楼层"}, {"roman": "chàn", "sense": "storey", "tags": ["Hokkien"], "word": "棧"}, {"roman": "chàn", "sense": "storey", "tags": ["Hokkien"], "word": "栈"}], "word": "層"}
層 (Chinese character) 層/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Baxter-Sagart not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Beginning Mandarin", "Chinese classifiers", "Chinese entries with incorrect language header", "Chinese hanzi", "Chinese lemmas", "Chinese nouns", "Chinese terms spelled with 層", "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation", "Chinese verbs", "Eastern Min classifiers", "Eastern Min hanzi", "Eastern Min lemmas", "Eastern Min nouns", "Eastern Min verbs", "Middle Chinese classifiers", "Middle Chinese hanzi", "Middle Chinese lemmas", "Middle Chinese nouns", "Middle Chinese verbs", "Northern Min classifiers", "Northern Min hanzi", "Northern Min lemmas", "Northern Min nouns", "Northern Min verbs", "Old Chinese classifiers", "Old Chinese hanzi", "Old Chinese lemmas", "Old Chinese nouns", "Old Chinese verbs", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries"], "derived": [{"roman": "yīcéng", "word": "一層"}, {"roman": "yīcéng", "word": "一层"}, {"word": "一層天"}, {"word": "一层天"}, {"word": "三層"}, {"word": "三层"}, {"roman": "xiàcéng", "word": "下層"}, {"roman": "xiàcéng", "word": "下层"}, {"roman": "shàngcéng", "word": "上層"}, {"roman": "shàngcéng", "word": "上层"}, {"word": "三層仔"}, {"word": "三层仔"}, {"roman": "sāncéngròu", "word": "三層肉"}, {"roman": "sāncéngròu", "word": "三层肉"}, {"word": "下層階級"}, {"word": "下层阶级"}, {"roman": "zhōngcéng", "word": "中層"}, {"roman": "zhōngcéng", "word": "中层"}, {"word": "中氣層"}, {"word": "中气层"}, {"roman": "zhōngpēicéng", "word": "中胚層"}, {"roman": "zhōngpēicéng", "word": "中胚层"}, {"roman": "jiǔcéngtǎ", "word": "九層塔"}, {"roman": "jiǔcéngtǎ", "word": "九层塔"}, {"word": "傾移斷層"}, {"word": "倾移断层"}, {"word": "內層"}, {"word": "内层"}, {"word": "分層負責"}, {"word": "分层负责"}, {"word": "剝一層皮"}, {"word": "剥一层皮"}, {"roman": "qiāncénggāo", "word": "千層糕"}, {"roman": "qiāncénggāo", "word": "千层糕"}, {"roman": "qiāncéngmiàn", "word": "千層麵"}, {"roman": "qiāncéngmiàn", "word": "千层面"}, {"roman": "juǎncéngyún", "word": "卷層雲"}, {"roman": "juǎncéngyún", "word": "卷层云"}, {"word": "向斜層"}, {"word": "向斜层"}, {"word": "同斜層"}, {"word": "同斜层"}, {"roman": "tóngwēncéng", "word": "同溫層"}, {"roman": "tóngwēncéng", "word": "同温层"}, {"roman": "hánshuǐcéng", "word": "含水層"}, {"roman": "hánshuǐcéng", "word": "含水层"}, {"word": "單斜層"}, {"word": "单斜层"}, {"word": "土層"}, {"word": "土层"}, {"roman": "dìcéng", "word": "地層"}, {"roman": "dìcéng", "word": "地层"}, {"word": "地層下陷"}, {"word": "地层下陷"}, {"roman": "jīcéng", "word": "基層"}, {"roman": "jīcéng", "word": "基层"}, {"word": "基層建設"}, {"word": "基层建设"}, {"word": "基層組織"}, {"word": "基层组织"}, {"word": "基層行政"}, {"word": "基层行政"}, {"roman": "túcéng", "word": "塗層"}, {"roman": "túcéng", "word": "涂层"}, {"roman": "wàicéng", "word": "外層"}, {"roman": "wàicéng", "word": "外层"}, {"roman": "wàipēicéng", "word": "外胚層"}, {"roman": "wàipēicéng", "word": "外胚层"}, {"roman": "dàqìcéng", "word": "大氣層"}, {"roman": "dàqìcéng", "word": "大气层"}, {"word": "大腦皮層"}, {"word": "大脑皮层"}, {"word": "大陸礁層"}, {"word": "大陆礁层"}, {"roman": "jiācéng", "word": "夾層"}, {"roman": "jiācéng", "word": "夹层"}, {"word": "夾層屋"}, {"word": "夹层屋"}, {"word": "密密層層"}, {"word": "密密层层"}, {"word": "密層層"}, {"word": "密层层"}, {"roman": "duìliúcéng", "word": "對流層"}, {"roman": "duìliúcéng", "word": "对流层"}, {"roman": "céngchūbùqióng", "word": "層出不窮"}, {"roman": "céngchūbùqióng", "word": "层出不穷"}, {"roman": "céngchūdiéxiàn", "word": "層出疊見"}, {"roman": "céngchūdiéxiàn", "word": "层出叠见"}, {"roman": "céngbào", "word": "層報"}, {"roman": "céngbào", "word": "层报"}, {"word": "層壓"}, {"word": "层压"}, {"word": "層壓法"}, {"word": "层压法"}, {"word": "層密"}, {"word": "层密"}, {"roman": "céngcéng", "word": "層層"}, {"roman": "céngcéng", "word": "层层"}, {"word": "層層加碼"}, {"word": "层层加码"}, {"word": "層層深入"}, {"word": "层层深入"}, {"word": "層層疊疊"}, {"word": "层层叠叠"}, {"word": "層峰"}, {"word": "层峰"}, {"roman": "céngluán", "word": "層巒"}, {"roman": "céngluán", "word": "层峦"}, {"word": "層巒疊嶂"}, {"word": "层峦叠嶂"}, {"word": "層序分明"}, {"word": "层序分明"}, {"word": "層態"}, {"word": "层态"}, {"roman": "cénglín", "word": "層林"}, {"roman": "cénglín", "word": "层林"}, {"word": "層樓"}, {"word": "层楼"}, {"roman": "Céngtán", "word": "層檀"}, {"roman": "Céngtán", "word": "层檀"}, {"roman": "céngcì", "word": "層次"}, {"roman": "céngcì", "word": "层次"}, {"word": "層次井然"}, {"word": "层次井然"}, {"word": "層次分明"}, {"word": "层次分明"}, {"roman": "céngliú", "word": "層流"}, {"roman": "céngliú", "word": "层流"}, {"word": "層浪"}, {"word": "层浪"}, {"word": "層瀾"}, {"word": "层澜"}, {"word": "層理"}, {"word": "层理"}, {"word": "層甍"}, {"word": "层甍"}, {"roman": "céngdié", "word": "層疊"}, {"roman": "céngdié", "word": "层叠"}, {"word": "層積法"}, {"word": "层积法"}, {"roman": "céngjīyún", "word": "層積雲"}, {"roman": "céngjīyún", "word": "层积云"}, {"roman": "céngjí", "word": "層級"}, {"roman": "céngjí", "word": "层级"}, {"word": "層臺"}, {"word": "层台"}, {"roman": "céngxiàndiéchū", "word": "層見疊出"}, {"roman": "céngxiàndiéchū", "word": "层见叠出"}, {"word": "層遞"}, {"word": "层递"}, {"roman": "céngyún", "word": "層雲"}, {"roman": "céngyún", "word": "层云"}, {"roman": "céngmiàn", "word": "層面"}, {"roman": "céngmiàn", "word": "层面"}, {"word": "岩層"}, {"word": "岩层"}, {"word": "常溫層"}, {"word": "常温层"}, {"roman": "píngliúcéng", "word": "平流層"}, {"roman": "píngliúcéng", "word": "平流层"}, {"word": "平移斷層"}, {"word": "平移断层"}, {"word": "年齡層"}, {"word": "年龄层"}, {"roman": "dǐcéng", "word": "底層"}, {"roman": "dǐcéng", "word": "底层"}, {"roman": "xíngchéngcéng", "word": "形成層"}, {"roman": "xíngchéngcéng", "word": "形成层"}, {"word": "恆溫層"}, {"word": "恒温层"}, {"word": "文化層"}, {"word": "文化层"}, {"word": "斜溫層"}, {"word": "斜温层"}, {"roman": "duàncéng", "word": "斷層"}, {"roman": "duàncéng", "word": "断层"}, {"roman": "duàncéng sǎomiáo", "word": "斷層掃描"}, {"roman": "duàncéng sǎomiáo", "word": "断层扫描"}, {"roman": "gèngshàngyīcénglóu", "word": "更上一層樓"}, {"roman": "gèngshàngyīcénglóu", "word": "更上一层楼"}, {"word": "更上層樓"}, {"word": "更上层楼"}, {"word": "楞層"}, {"word": "楞层"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "楼层"}, {"word": "正斷層"}, {"word": "正断层"}, {"word": "氣密層"}, {"word": "气密层"}, {"word": "沖積層"}, {"word": "冲积层"}, {"word": "油層"}, {"word": "油层"}, {"word": "活斷層"}, {"word": "活断层"}, {"word": "洪積層"}, {"word": "洪积层"}, {"word": "海成層"}, {"word": "海成层"}, {"word": "混合層"}, {"word": "混合层"}, {"word": "游離層"}, {"word": "游离层"}, {"word": "炭層"}, {"word": "炭层"}, {"roman": "méicéng", "word": "煤層"}, {"roman": "méicéng", "word": "煤层"}, {"word": "熱氣層"}, {"word": "热气层"}, {"word": "特權階層"}, {"word": "特权阶层"}, {"word": "疊嶺層巒"}, {"word": "叠岭层峦"}, {"word": "白千層"}, {"word": "白千层"}, {"word": "皮層"}, {"word": "皮层"}, {"word": "矽鎂層"}, {"word": "矽镁层"}, {"word": "礦層"}, {"word": "矿层"}, {"word": "稜層"}, {"word": "棱层"}, {"word": "綠皮層"}, {"word": "绿皮层"}, {"roman": "pēicéng", "word": "胚層"}, {"roman": "pēicéng", "word": "胚层"}, {"word": "背斜層"}, {"word": "背斜层"}, {"word": "胞間層"}, {"word": "胞间层"}, {"roman": "chòuyǎngcéng", "word": "臭氧層"}, {"roman": "chòuyǎngcéng", "word": "臭氧层"}, {"word": "表土層"}, {"word": "表土层"}, {"roman": "biǎocéng", "word": "表層"}, {"roman": "biǎocéng", "word": "表层"}, {"roman": "jiǎozhìcéng", "word": "角質層"}, {"roman": "jiǎozhìcéng", "word": "角质层"}, {"word": "變溫層"}, {"word": "变温层"}, {"word": "逆溫層"}, {"word": "逆温层"}, {"roman": "jiēcéng", "word": "階層"}, {"roman": "jiēcéng", "word": "阶层"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng", "word": "雙層"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng", "word": "双层"}, {"word": "雙層公路"}, {"word": "双层公路"}, {"word": "雙層公車"}, {"word": "双层公车"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng bāshì", "word": "雙層巴士"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng bāshì", "word": "双层巴士"}, {"roman": "yǔcéngyún", "word": "雨層雲"}, {"roman": "yǔcéngyún", "word": "雨层云"}, {"roman": "yúncéng", "word": "雲層"}, {"roman": "yúncéng", "word": "云层"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng", "word": "頂層"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng", "word": "顶层"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng shèjì", "word": "頂層設計"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng shèjì", "word": "顶层设计"}, {"word": "高層人士"}, {"word": "高层人士"}, {"word": "高階層"}, {"word": "高阶层"}, {"word": "鳥糞層"}, {"word": "鸟粪层"}], "descendants": [{"depth": 0, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "層"}, "expansion": "層", "name": "lang"}, {"args": {"1": "ja", "2": "-", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Japanese:", "name": "desc"}, {"args": {"1": "層", "2": "そう", "gloss": ""}, "expansion": "層(そう) (sō)", "name": "ja-r"}, {"args": {"1": "ko", "2": "층(層)", "3": "", "4": "", "5": "", "bor": "1", "id": "層", "id2": "", "id3": "", "id4": "", "t": "", "t2": "", "t3": "", "t4": ""}, "expansion": "→ Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "desc"}, {"args": {"1": "層", "2": "そう", "3": "층", "4": "", "5": "", "6": "", "h": "層", "j2": "", "j2t": "", "j3": "", "j3t": "", "j4": "", "j4t": "", "jdesc": "", "jje2": "", "jje2t": "", "jje3": "", "jje3t": "", "jje4": "", "jje4t": "", "jjedesc": "", "jjet": "", "jt": "", "k2": "", "k2t": "", "k3": "", "k3t": "", "k4": "", "k4t": "", "kdesc": "", "kt": "", "o": "層", "o2": "", "o2t": "", "o3": "", "o3t": "", "o4": "", "o4t": "", "odesc": "", "ot": "", "s": "層", "v": "層", "v2": "", "v2t": "", "v3": "", "v3t": "", "v4": "", "v4t": "", "vdesc": "", "vt": ""}, "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "CJKV/code"}, {"args": {"1": "", "2": "そう", "3": "층"}, "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "CJKV"}], "text": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)"}, {"depth": 1, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "vi", "2": "tầng", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Vietnamese: tầng", "name": "desc"}], "text": "→ Vietnamese: tầng"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "Han phono-semantic compounds"}, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize"}, {"args": {"1": "psc", "adj": "", "nocap": "", "pron": "OC *zɯːŋ"}, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ)", "name": "liushu"}, {"args": {"1": "尸", "2": "曾", "c1": "s", "c2": "p", "ls": "psc"}, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ): semantic 尸 + phonetic 曾 (OC *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯːŋ)", "name": "Han compound"}, {"args": {"1": "Baxter and Sagart (2014)"}, "expansion": "Baxter and Sagart (2014)", "name": "zh-ref"}, {"args": {"1": "增", "2": "to increase, to expand, to add", "tr": "*s-tˤəŋ"}, "expansion": "增 (OC *s-tˤəŋ, “to increase, to expand, to add”)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "登", "2": "to go up, to climb", "tr": "*tˤəŋ"}, "expansion": "登 (OC *tˤəŋ, “to go up, to climb”)", "name": "och-l"}], "etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ): semantic 尸 + phonetic 曾 (OC *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯːŋ).\nThe Baxter and Sagart (2014) reconstruction suggests this word is derived from 增 (OC *s-tˤəŋ, “to increase, to expand, to add”), in turn derived from 登 (OC *tˤəŋ, “to go up, to climb”).", "forms": [{"form": "层", "raw_tags": ["Simplified Chinese"]}, {"form": "曾"}, {"form": "层", "raw_tags": ["Simplified Chinese"]}, {"form": "沿"}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "hanzi"}, "expansion": "層", "name": "head"}], "lang": "Chinese", "lang_code": "zh", "pos": "character", "senses": [{"glosses": ["to pile up; to overlap"], "links": [["pile up", "pile up"], ["overlap", "overlap"]]}, {"glosses": ["thing made of layers"], "links": [["layer", "layer"]]}, {"glosses": ["layer; storey; floor; stratum"], "links": [["layer", "layer"], ["storey", "storey"], ["floor", "floor"], ["stratum", "stratum"]]}, {"glosses": ["Classifier for things arranged in layers, storeys or levels."], "links": [["layer", "layer"], ["storey", "storey"], ["level", "level"]]}, {"categories": ["Southern Min Chinese"], "glosses": ["Classifier for events."], "links": [["event", "event"]], "raw_glosses": ["(Southern Min) Classifier for events."], "tags": ["Min", "Southern"]}], "sounds": [{"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin", "standard"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin", "standard"], "zh-pron": "ceng²"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "bopomofo", "standard"], "zh-pron": "ㄘㄥˊ"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "цын"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "cɨn"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "I"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "cang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su", "Sixian"], "zh-pron": "chhèn"}, {"zh-pron": "cǎing"}, {"zh-pron": "cèng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chn̂g"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chêng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chân"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chàn"}, {"tags": ["Peng'im", "Teochew"], "zh-pron": "zang⁵"}, {"zh-pron": "⁶zen"}, {"tags": ["Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "bopomofo"], "zh-pron": "ㄘㄥˊ"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Tongyong-Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Wade-Giles"], "zh-pron": "tsʻêng²"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "tséng"}, {"tags": ["Gwoyeu-Romatsyh", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "tserng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "цэн"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "cɛn"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/", "tags": ["Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰəŋ²⁴/", "tags": ["Dungan", "Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "cang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "chàhng"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "tsang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangdong-Romanization", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong"], "zh-pron": "ceng⁴"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/", "tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su"], "zh-pron": "chhèn"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Hakka-Romanization-System"], "zh-pron": "cen^ˇ"}, {"tags": ["Hagfa-Pinyim", "Hakka"], "zh-pron": "cen²"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰen¹¹/", "tags": ["Hakka", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Jian'ou", "Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"], "zh-pron": "cǎing"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saiŋ²¹/", "tags": ["Jian'ou", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Foochow-Romanized", "Fuzhou"], "zh-pron": "cèng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sɛiŋ⁵³/", "tags": ["Fuzhou", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsn̂g"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zngg"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sŋ̍²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Quanzhou"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsîng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zeeng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Xiamen"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ¹³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Zhangzhou"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsân"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zaan"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Kaohsiung"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Zhangzhou"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Quanzhou", "Taipei", "Xiamen"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsàn"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zaxn"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹¹/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Taipei"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²¹/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Kaohsiung"]}, {"tags": ["POJ", "Teochew"], "zh-pron": "tsâng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saŋ⁵⁵/", "tags": ["Sinological-IPA", "Teochew"]}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "⁶zen"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "zen^去"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "³zen"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "/zən²³/"}, {"tags": ["Middle-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "dzong"}, {"tags": ["Baxter-Sagart", "Old-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "/*N-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"tags": ["Baxter-Sagart", "Old-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "/*m-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"tags": ["Old-Chinese", "Zhengzhang"], "zh-pron": "/*zɯːŋ/"}, {"other": "/ chêng /"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰəŋ²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰen¹¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saiŋ²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sɛiŋ⁵³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sŋ̍²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ¹³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saŋ⁵⁵/"}, {"ipa": "/zən²³/"}, {"other": "/*N-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"other": "/*m-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"other": "/*zɯːŋ/"}], "synonyms": [{"roman": "lóu", "word": "樓／楼"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層／楼层"}, {"english": "more colloquial and more used", "roman": "lóu", "word": "樓"}, {"english": "more colloquial and more used", "roman": "lóu", "word": "楼"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "楼层"}, {"roman": "chàn", "sense": "storey", "tags": ["Hokkien"], "word": "棧"}, {"roman": "chàn", "sense": "storey", "tags": ["Hokkien"], "word": "栈"}], "word": "層"}
層 (Chinese character) 層/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Baxter-Sagart not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Beginning Mandarin", "Chinese classifiers", "Chinese entries with incorrect language header", "Chinese hanzi", "Chinese lemmas", "Chinese nouns", "Chinese terms spelled with 層", "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation", "Chinese verbs", "Eastern Min classifiers", "Eastern Min hanzi", "Eastern Min lemmas", "Eastern Min nouns", "Eastern Min verbs", "Middle Chinese classifiers", "Middle Chinese hanzi", "Middle Chinese lemmas", "Middle Chinese nouns", "Middle Chinese verbs", "Northern Min classifiers", "Northern Min hanzi", "Northern Min lemmas", "Northern Min nouns", "Northern Min verbs", "Old Chinese classifiers", "Old Chinese hanzi", "Old Chinese lemmas", "Old Chinese nouns", "Old Chinese verbs", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries"], "derived": [{"roman": "yīcéng", "word": "一層"}, {"roman": "yīcéng", "word": "一层"}, {"word": "一層天"}, {"word": "一层天"}, {"word": "三層"}, {"word": "三层"}, {"roman": "xiàcéng", "word": "下層"}, {"roman": "xiàcéng", "word": "下层"}, {"roman": "shàngcéng", "word": "上層"}, {"roman": "shàngcéng", "word": "上层"}, {"word": "三層仔"}, {"word": "三层仔"}, {"roman": "sāncéngròu", "word": "三層肉"}, {"roman": "sāncéngròu", "word": "三层肉"}, {"word": "下層階級"}, {"word": "下层阶级"}, {"roman": "zhōngcéng", "word": "中層"}, {"roman": "zhōngcéng", "word": "中层"}, {"word": "中氣層"}, {"word": "中气层"}, {"roman": "zhōngpēicéng", "word": "中胚層"}, {"roman": "zhōngpēicéng", "word": "中胚层"}, {"roman": "jiǔcéngtǎ", "word": "九層塔"}, {"roman": "jiǔcéngtǎ", "word": "九层塔"}, {"word": "傾移斷層"}, {"word": "倾移断层"}, {"word": "內層"}, {"word": "内层"}, {"word": "分層負責"}, {"word": "分层负责"}, {"word": "剝一層皮"}, {"word": "剥一层皮"}, {"roman": "qiāncénggāo", "word": "千層糕"}, {"roman": "qiāncénggāo", "word": "千层糕"}, {"roman": "qiāncéngmiàn", "word": "千層麵"}, {"roman": "qiāncéngmiàn", "word": "千层面"}, {"roman": "juǎncéngyún", "word": "卷層雲"}, {"roman": "juǎncéngyún", "word": "卷层云"}, {"word": "向斜層"}, {"word": "向斜层"}, {"word": "同斜層"}, {"word": "同斜层"}, {"roman": "tóngwēncéng", "word": "同溫層"}, {"roman": "tóngwēncéng", "word": "同温层"}, {"roman": "hánshuǐcéng", "word": "含水層"}, {"roman": "hánshuǐcéng", "word": "含水层"}, {"word": "單斜層"}, {"word": "单斜层"}, {"word": "土層"}, {"word": "土层"}, {"roman": "dìcéng", "word": "地層"}, {"roman": "dìcéng", "word": "地层"}, {"word": "地層下陷"}, {"word": "地层下陷"}, {"roman": "jīcéng", "word": "基層"}, {"roman": "jīcéng", "word": "基层"}, {"word": "基層建設"}, {"word": "基层建设"}, {"word": "基層組織"}, {"word": "基层组织"}, {"word": "基層行政"}, {"word": "基层行政"}, {"roman": "túcéng", "word": "塗層"}, {"roman": "túcéng", "word": "涂层"}, {"roman": "wàicéng", "word": "外層"}, {"roman": "wàicéng", "word": "外层"}, {"roman": "wàipēicéng", "word": "外胚層"}, {"roman": "wàipēicéng", "word": "外胚层"}, {"roman": "dàqìcéng", "word": "大氣層"}, {"roman": "dàqìcéng", "word": "大气层"}, {"word": "大腦皮層"}, {"word": "大脑皮层"}, {"word": "大陸礁層"}, {"word": "大陆礁层"}, {"roman": "jiācéng", "word": "夾層"}, {"roman": "jiācéng", "word": "夹层"}, {"word": "夾層屋"}, {"word": "夹层屋"}, {"word": "密密層層"}, {"word": "密密层层"}, {"word": "密層層"}, {"word": "密层层"}, {"roman": "duìliúcéng", "word": "對流層"}, {"roman": "duìliúcéng", "word": "对流层"}, {"roman": "céngchūbùqióng", "word": "層出不窮"}, {"roman": "céngchūbùqióng", "word": "层出不穷"}, {"roman": "céngchūdiéxiàn", "word": "層出疊見"}, {"roman": "céngchūdiéxiàn", "word": "层出叠见"}, {"roman": "céngbào", "word": "層報"}, {"roman": "céngbào", "word": "层报"}, {"word": "層壓"}, {"word": "层压"}, {"word": "層壓法"}, {"word": "层压法"}, {"word": "層密"}, {"word": "层密"}, {"roman": "céngcéng", "word": "層層"}, {"roman": "céngcéng", "word": "层层"}, {"word": "層層加碼"}, {"word": "层层加码"}, {"word": "層層深入"}, {"word": "层层深入"}, {"word": "層層疊疊"}, {"word": "层层叠叠"}, {"word": "層峰"}, {"word": "层峰"}, {"roman": "céngluán", "word": "層巒"}, {"roman": "céngluán", "word": "层峦"}, {"word": "層巒疊嶂"}, {"word": "层峦叠嶂"}, {"word": "層序分明"}, {"word": "层序分明"}, {"word": "層態"}, {"word": "层态"}, {"roman": "cénglín", "word": "層林"}, {"roman": "cénglín", "word": "层林"}, {"word": "層樓"}, {"word": "层楼"}, {"roman": "Céngtán", "word": "層檀"}, {"roman": "Céngtán", "word": "层檀"}, {"roman": "céngcì", "word": "層次"}, {"roman": "céngcì", "word": "层次"}, {"word": "層次井然"}, {"word": "层次井然"}, {"word": "層次分明"}, {"word": "层次分明"}, {"roman": "céngliú", "word": "層流"}, {"roman": "céngliú", "word": "层流"}, {"word": "層浪"}, {"word": "层浪"}, {"word": "層瀾"}, {"word": "层澜"}, {"word": "層理"}, {"word": "层理"}, {"word": "層甍"}, {"word": "层甍"}, {"roman": "céngdié", "word": "層疊"}, {"roman": "céngdié", "word": "层叠"}, {"word": "層積法"}, {"word": "层积法"}, {"roman": "céngjīyún", "word": "層積雲"}, {"roman": "céngjīyún", "word": "层积云"}, {"roman": "céngjí", "word": "層級"}, {"roman": "céngjí", "word": "层级"}, {"word": "層臺"}, {"word": "层台"}, {"roman": "céngxiàndiéchū", "word": "層見疊出"}, {"roman": "céngxiàndiéchū", "word": "层见叠出"}, {"word": "層遞"}, {"word": "层递"}, {"roman": "céngyún", "word": "層雲"}, {"roman": "céngyún", "word": "层云"}, {"roman": "céngmiàn", "word": "層面"}, {"roman": "céngmiàn", "word": "层面"}, {"word": "岩層"}, {"word": "岩层"}, {"word": "常溫層"}, {"word": "常温层"}, {"roman": "píngliúcéng", "word": "平流層"}, {"roman": "píngliúcéng", "word": "平流层"}, {"word": "平移斷層"}, {"word": "平移断层"}, {"word": "年齡層"}, {"word": "年龄层"}, {"roman": "dǐcéng", "word": "底層"}, {"roman": "dǐcéng", "word": "底层"}, {"roman": "xíngchéngcéng", "word": "形成層"}, {"roman": "xíngchéngcéng", "word": "形成层"}, {"word": "恆溫層"}, {"word": "恒温层"}, {"word": "文化層"}, {"word": "文化层"}, {"word": "斜溫層"}, {"word": "斜温层"}, {"roman": "duàncéng", "word": "斷層"}, {"roman": "duàncéng", "word": "断层"}, {"roman": "duàncéng sǎomiáo", "word": "斷層掃描"}, {"roman": "duàncéng sǎomiáo", "word": "断层扫描"}, {"roman": "gèngshàngyīcénglóu", "word": "更上一層樓"}, {"roman": "gèngshàngyīcénglóu", "word": "更上一层楼"}, {"word": "更上層樓"}, {"word": "更上层楼"}, {"word": "楞層"}, {"word": "楞层"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "楼层"}, {"word": "正斷層"}, {"word": "正断层"}, {"word": "氣密層"}, {"word": "气密层"}, {"word": "沖積層"}, {"word": "冲积层"}, {"word": "油層"}, {"word": "油层"}, {"word": "活斷層"}, {"word": "活断层"}, {"word": "洪積層"}, {"word": "洪积层"}, {"word": "海成層"}, {"word": "海成层"}, {"word": "混合層"}, {"word": "混合层"}, {"word": "游離層"}, {"word": "游离层"}, {"word": "炭層"}, {"word": "炭层"}, {"roman": "méicéng", "word": "煤層"}, {"roman": "méicéng", "word": "煤层"}, {"word": "熱氣層"}, {"word": "热气层"}, {"word": "特權階層"}, {"word": "特权阶层"}, {"word": "疊嶺層巒"}, {"word": "叠岭层峦"}, {"word": "白千層"}, {"word": "白千层"}, {"word": "皮層"}, {"word": "皮层"}, {"word": "矽鎂層"}, {"word": "矽镁层"}, {"word": "礦層"}, {"word": "矿层"}, {"word": "稜層"}, {"word": "棱层"}, {"word": "綠皮層"}, {"word": "绿皮层"}, {"roman": "pēicéng", "word": "胚層"}, {"roman": "pēicéng", "word": "胚层"}, {"word": "背斜層"}, {"word": "背斜层"}, {"word": "胞間層"}, {"word": "胞间层"}, {"roman": "chòuyǎngcéng", "word": "臭氧層"}, {"roman": "chòuyǎngcéng", "word": "臭氧层"}, {"word": "表土層"}, {"word": "表土层"}, {"roman": "biǎocéng", "word": "表層"}, {"roman": "biǎocéng", "word": "表层"}, {"roman": "jiǎozhìcéng", "word": "角質層"}, {"roman": "jiǎozhìcéng", "word": "角质层"}, {"word": "變溫層"}, {"word": "变温层"}, {"word": "逆溫層"}, {"word": "逆温层"}, {"roman": "jiēcéng", "word": "階層"}, {"roman": "jiēcéng", "word": "阶层"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng", "word": "雙層"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng", "word": "双层"}, {"word": "雙層公路"}, {"word": "双层公路"}, {"word": "雙層公車"}, {"word": "双层公车"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng bāshì", "word": "雙層巴士"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng bāshì", "word": "双层巴士"}, {"roman": "yǔcéngyún", "word": "雨層雲"}, {"roman": "yǔcéngyún", "word": "雨层云"}, {"roman": "yúncéng", "word": "雲層"}, {"roman": "yúncéng", "word": "云层"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng", "word": "頂層"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng", "word": "顶层"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng shèjì", "word": "頂層設計"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng shèjì", "word": "顶层设计"}, {"word": "高層人士"}, {"word": "高层人士"}, {"word": "高階層"}, {"word": "高阶层"}, {"word": "鳥糞層"}, {"word": "鸟粪层"}], "descendants": [{"depth": 0, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "層"}, "expansion": "層", "name": "lang"}, {"args": {"1": "ja", "2": "-", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Japanese:", "name": "desc"}, {"args": {"1": "層", "2": "そう", "gloss": ""}, "expansion": "層(そう) (sō)", "name": "ja-r"}, {"args": {"1": "ko", "2": "층(層)", "3": "", "4": "", "5": "", "bor": "1", "id": "層", "id2": "", "id3": "", "id4": "", "t": "", "t2": "", "t3": "", "t4": ""}, "expansion": "→ Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "desc"}, {"args": {"1": "層", "2": "そう", "3": "층", "4": "", "5": "", "6": "", "h": "層", "j2": "", "j2t": "", "j3": "", "j3t": "", "j4": "", "j4t": "", "jdesc": "", "jje2": "", "jje2t": "", "jje3": "", "jje3t": "", "jje4": "", "jje4t": "", "jjedesc": "", "jjet": "", "jt": "", "k2": "", "k2t": "", "k3": "", "k3t": "", "k4": "", "k4t": "", "kdesc": "", "kt": "", "o": "層", "o2": "", "o2t": "", "o3": "", "o3t": "", "o4": "", "o4t": "", "odesc": "", "ot": "", "s": "層", "v": "層", "v2": "", "v2t": "", "v3": "", "v3t": "", "v4": "", "v4t": "", "vdesc": "", "vt": ""}, "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "CJKV/code"}, {"args": {"1": "", "2": "そう", "3": "층"}, "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "CJKV"}], "text": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)"}, {"depth": 1, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "vi", "2": "tầng", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Vietnamese: tầng", "name": "desc"}], "text": "→ Vietnamese: tầng"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "Han phono-semantic compounds"}, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize"}, {"args": {"1": "psc", "adj": "", "nocap": "", "pron": "OC *zɯːŋ"}, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ)", "name": "liushu"}, {"args": {"1": "尸", "2": "曾", "c1": "s", "c2": "p", "ls": "psc"}, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ): semantic 尸 + phonetic 曾 (OC *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯːŋ)", "name": "Han compound"}, {"args": {"1": "Baxter and Sagart (2014)"}, "expansion": "Baxter and Sagart (2014)", "name": "zh-ref"}, {"args": {"1": "增", "2": "to increase, to expand, to add", "tr": "*s-tˤəŋ"}, "expansion": "增 (OC *s-tˤəŋ, “to increase, to expand, to add”)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "登", "2": "to go up, to climb", "tr": "*tˤəŋ"}, "expansion": "登 (OC *tˤəŋ, “to go up, to climb”)", "name": "och-l"}], "etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ): semantic 尸 + phonetic 曾 (OC *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯːŋ).\nThe Baxter and Sagart (2014) reconstruction suggests this word is derived from 增 (OC *s-tˤəŋ, “to increase, to expand, to add”), in turn derived from 登 (OC *tˤəŋ, “to go up, to climb”).", "forms": [{"form": "层", "raw_tags": ["Simplified Chinese"]}, {"form": "曾"}, {"form": "层", "raw_tags": ["Simplified Chinese"]}, {"form": "沿"}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "hanzi"}, "expansion": "層", "name": "head"}], "lang": "Chinese", "lang_code": "zh", "pos": "character", "senses": [{"glosses": ["to pile up; to overlap"], "links": [["pile up", "pile up"], ["overlap", "overlap"]]}, {"glosses": ["thing made of layers"], "links": [["layer", "layer"]]}, {"glosses": ["layer; storey; floor; stratum"], "links": [["layer", "layer"], ["storey", "storey"], ["floor", "floor"], ["stratum", "stratum"]]}, {"glosses": ["Classifier for things arranged in layers, storeys or levels."], "links": [["layer", "layer"], ["storey", "storey"], ["level", "level"]]}, {"categories": ["Southern Min Chinese"], "glosses": ["Classifier for events."], "links": [["event", "event"]], "raw_glosses": ["(Southern Min) Classifier for events."], "tags": ["Min", "Southern"]}], "sounds": [{"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin", "standard"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin", "standard"], "zh-pron": "ceng²"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "bopomofo", "standard"], "zh-pron": "ㄘㄥˊ"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "цын"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "cɨn"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "I"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "cang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su", "Sixian"], "zh-pron": "chhèn"}, {"zh-pron": "cǎing"}, {"zh-pron": "cèng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chn̂g"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chêng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chân"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chàn"}, {"tags": ["Peng'im", "Teochew"], "zh-pron": "zang⁵"}, {"zh-pron": "⁶zen"}, {"tags": ["Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "bopomofo"], "zh-pron": "ㄘㄥˊ"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Tongyong-Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Wade-Giles"], "zh-pron": "tsʻêng²"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "tséng"}, {"tags": ["Gwoyeu-Romatsyh", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "tserng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "цэн"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "cɛn"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/", "tags": ["Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰəŋ²⁴/", "tags": ["Dungan", "Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "cang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "chàhng"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "tsang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangdong-Romanization", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong"], "zh-pron": "ceng⁴"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/", "tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su"], "zh-pron": "chhèn"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Hakka-Romanization-System"], "zh-pron": "cen^ˇ"}, {"tags": ["Hagfa-Pinyim", "Hakka"], "zh-pron": "cen²"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰen¹¹/", "tags": ["Hakka", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Jian'ou", "Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"], "zh-pron": "cǎing"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saiŋ²¹/", "tags": ["Jian'ou", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Foochow-Romanized", "Fuzhou"], "zh-pron": "cèng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sɛiŋ⁵³/", "tags": ["Fuzhou", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsn̂g"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zngg"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sŋ̍²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Quanzhou"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsîng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zeeng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Xiamen"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ¹³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Zhangzhou"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsân"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zaan"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Kaohsiung"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Zhangzhou"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Quanzhou", "Taipei", "Xiamen"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsàn"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zaxn"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹¹/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Taipei"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²¹/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Kaohsiung"]}, {"tags": ["POJ", "Teochew"], "zh-pron": "tsâng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saŋ⁵⁵/", "tags": ["Sinological-IPA", "Teochew"]}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "⁶zen"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "zen^去"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "³zen"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "/zən²³/"}, {"tags": ["Middle-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "dzong"}, {"tags": ["Baxter-Sagart", "Old-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "/*N-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"tags": ["Baxter-Sagart", "Old-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "/*m-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"tags": ["Old-Chinese", "Zhengzhang"], "zh-pron": "/*zɯːŋ/"}, {"other": "/ chêng /"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰəŋ²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰen¹¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saiŋ²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sɛiŋ⁵³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sŋ̍²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ¹³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saŋ⁵⁵/"}, {"ipa": "/zən²³/"}, {"other": "/*N-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"other": "/*m-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"other": "/*zɯːŋ/"}], "synonyms": [{"roman": "lóu", "word": "樓／楼"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層／楼层"}, {"english": "more colloquial and more used", "roman": "lóu", "word": "樓"}, {"english": "more colloquial and more used", "roman": "lóu", "word": "楼"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "楼层"}, {"roman": "chàn", "sense": "storey", "tags": ["Hokkien"], "word": "棧"}, {"roman": "chàn", "sense": "storey", "tags": ["Hokkien"], "word": "栈"}], "word": "層"}
層 (Chinese character) 層/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Hanyu-Pinyin not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Beginning Mandarin", "Chinese classifiers", "Chinese entries with incorrect language header", "Chinese hanzi", "Chinese lemmas", "Chinese nouns", "Chinese terms spelled with 層", "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation", "Chinese verbs", "Eastern Min classifiers", "Eastern Min hanzi", "Eastern Min lemmas", "Eastern Min nouns", "Eastern Min verbs", "Middle Chinese classifiers", "Middle Chinese hanzi", "Middle Chinese lemmas", "Middle Chinese nouns", "Middle Chinese verbs", "Northern Min classifiers", "Northern Min hanzi", "Northern Min lemmas", "Northern Min nouns", "Northern Min verbs", "Old Chinese classifiers", "Old Chinese hanzi", "Old Chinese lemmas", "Old Chinese nouns", "Old Chinese verbs", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries"], "derived": [{"roman": "yīcéng", "word": "一層"}, {"roman": "yīcéng", "word": "一层"}, {"word": "一層天"}, {"word": "一层天"}, {"word": "三層"}, {"word": "三层"}, {"roman": "xiàcéng", "word": "下層"}, {"roman": "xiàcéng", "word": "下层"}, {"roman": "shàngcéng", "word": "上層"}, {"roman": "shàngcéng", "word": "上层"}, {"word": "三層仔"}, {"word": "三层仔"}, {"roman": "sāncéngròu", "word": "三層肉"}, {"roman": "sāncéngròu", "word": "三层肉"}, {"word": "下層階級"}, {"word": "下层阶级"}, {"roman": "zhōngcéng", "word": "中層"}, {"roman": "zhōngcéng", "word": "中层"}, {"word": "中氣層"}, {"word": "中气层"}, {"roman": "zhōngpēicéng", "word": "中胚層"}, {"roman": "zhōngpēicéng", "word": "中胚层"}, {"roman": "jiǔcéngtǎ", "word": "九層塔"}, {"roman": "jiǔcéngtǎ", "word": "九层塔"}, {"word": "傾移斷層"}, {"word": "倾移断层"}, {"word": "內層"}, {"word": "内层"}, {"word": "分層負責"}, {"word": "分层负责"}, {"word": "剝一層皮"}, {"word": "剥一层皮"}, {"roman": "qiāncénggāo", "word": "千層糕"}, {"roman": "qiāncénggāo", "word": "千层糕"}, {"roman": "qiāncéngmiàn", "word": "千層麵"}, {"roman": "qiāncéngmiàn", "word": "千层面"}, {"roman": "juǎncéngyún", "word": "卷層雲"}, {"roman": "juǎncéngyún", "word": "卷层云"}, {"word": "向斜層"}, {"word": "向斜层"}, {"word": "同斜層"}, {"word": "同斜层"}, {"roman": "tóngwēncéng", "word": "同溫層"}, {"roman": "tóngwēncéng", "word": "同温层"}, {"roman": "hánshuǐcéng", "word": "含水層"}, {"roman": "hánshuǐcéng", "word": "含水层"}, {"word": "單斜層"}, {"word": "单斜层"}, {"word": "土層"}, {"word": "土层"}, {"roman": "dìcéng", "word": "地層"}, {"roman": "dìcéng", "word": "地层"}, {"word": "地層下陷"}, {"word": "地层下陷"}, {"roman": "jīcéng", "word": "基層"}, {"roman": "jīcéng", "word": "基层"}, {"word": "基層建設"}, {"word": "基层建设"}, {"word": "基層組織"}, {"word": "基层组织"}, {"word": "基層行政"}, {"word": "基层行政"}, {"roman": "túcéng", "word": "塗層"}, {"roman": "túcéng", "word": "涂层"}, {"roman": "wàicéng", "word": "外層"}, {"roman": "wàicéng", "word": "外层"}, {"roman": "wàipēicéng", "word": "外胚層"}, {"roman": "wàipēicéng", "word": "外胚层"}, {"roman": "dàqìcéng", "word": "大氣層"}, {"roman": "dàqìcéng", "word": "大气层"}, {"word": "大腦皮層"}, {"word": "大脑皮层"}, {"word": "大陸礁層"}, {"word": "大陆礁层"}, {"roman": "jiācéng", "word": "夾層"}, {"roman": "jiācéng", "word": "夹层"}, {"word": "夾層屋"}, {"word": "夹层屋"}, {"word": "密密層層"}, {"word": "密密层层"}, {"word": "密層層"}, {"word": "密层层"}, {"roman": "duìliúcéng", "word": "對流層"}, {"roman": "duìliúcéng", "word": "对流层"}, {"roman": "céngchūbùqióng", "word": "層出不窮"}, {"roman": "céngchūbùqióng", "word": "层出不穷"}, {"roman": "céngchūdiéxiàn", "word": "層出疊見"}, {"roman": "céngchūdiéxiàn", "word": "层出叠见"}, {"roman": "céngbào", "word": "層報"}, {"roman": "céngbào", "word": "层报"}, {"word": "層壓"}, {"word": "层压"}, {"word": "層壓法"}, {"word": "层压法"}, {"word": "層密"}, {"word": "层密"}, {"roman": "céngcéng", "word": "層層"}, {"roman": "céngcéng", "word": "层层"}, {"word": "層層加碼"}, {"word": "层层加码"}, {"word": "層層深入"}, {"word": "层层深入"}, {"word": "層層疊疊"}, {"word": "层层叠叠"}, {"word": "層峰"}, {"word": "层峰"}, {"roman": "céngluán", "word": "層巒"}, {"roman": "céngluán", "word": "层峦"}, {"word": "層巒疊嶂"}, {"word": "层峦叠嶂"}, {"word": "層序分明"}, {"word": "层序分明"}, {"word": "層態"}, {"word": "层态"}, {"roman": "cénglín", "word": "層林"}, {"roman": "cénglín", "word": "层林"}, {"word": "層樓"}, {"word": "层楼"}, {"roman": "Céngtán", "word": "層檀"}, {"roman": "Céngtán", "word": "层檀"}, {"roman": "céngcì", "word": "層次"}, {"roman": "céngcì", "word": "层次"}, {"word": "層次井然"}, {"word": "层次井然"}, {"word": "層次分明"}, {"word": "层次分明"}, {"roman": "céngliú", "word": "層流"}, {"roman": "céngliú", "word": "层流"}, {"word": "層浪"}, {"word": "层浪"}, {"word": "層瀾"}, {"word": "层澜"}, {"word": "層理"}, {"word": "层理"}, {"word": "層甍"}, {"word": "层甍"}, {"roman": "céngdié", "word": "層疊"}, {"roman": "céngdié", "word": "层叠"}, {"word": "層積法"}, {"word": "层积法"}, {"roman": "céngjīyún", "word": "層積雲"}, {"roman": "céngjīyún", "word": "层积云"}, {"roman": "céngjí", "word": "層級"}, {"roman": "céngjí", "word": "层级"}, {"word": "層臺"}, {"word": "层台"}, {"roman": "céngxiàndiéchū", "word": "層見疊出"}, {"roman": "céngxiàndiéchū", "word": "层见叠出"}, {"word": "層遞"}, {"word": "层递"}, {"roman": "céngyún", "word": "層雲"}, {"roman": "céngyún", "word": "层云"}, {"roman": "céngmiàn", "word": "層面"}, {"roman": "céngmiàn", "word": "层面"}, {"word": "岩層"}, {"word": "岩层"}, {"word": "常溫層"}, {"word": "常温层"}, {"roman": "píngliúcéng", "word": "平流層"}, {"roman": "píngliúcéng", "word": "平流层"}, {"word": "平移斷層"}, {"word": "平移断层"}, {"word": "年齡層"}, {"word": "年龄层"}, {"roman": "dǐcéng", "word": "底層"}, {"roman": "dǐcéng", "word": "底层"}, {"roman": "xíngchéngcéng", "word": "形成層"}, {"roman": "xíngchéngcéng", "word": "形成层"}, {"word": "恆溫層"}, {"word": "恒温层"}, {"word": "文化層"}, {"word": "文化层"}, {"word": "斜溫層"}, {"word": "斜温层"}, {"roman": "duàncéng", "word": "斷層"}, {"roman": "duàncéng", "word": "断层"}, {"roman": "duàncéng sǎomiáo", "word": "斷層掃描"}, {"roman": "duàncéng sǎomiáo", "word": "断层扫描"}, {"roman": "gèngshàngyīcénglóu", "word": "更上一層樓"}, {"roman": "gèngshàngyīcénglóu", "word": "更上一层楼"}, {"word": "更上層樓"}, {"word": "更上层楼"}, {"word": "楞層"}, {"word": "楞层"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "楼层"}, {"word": "正斷層"}, {"word": "正断层"}, {"word": "氣密層"}, {"word": "气密层"}, {"word": "沖積層"}, {"word": "冲积层"}, {"word": "油層"}, {"word": "油层"}, {"word": "活斷層"}, {"word": "活断层"}, {"word": "洪積層"}, {"word": "洪积层"}, {"word": "海成層"}, {"word": "海成层"}, {"word": "混合層"}, {"word": "混合层"}, {"word": "游離層"}, {"word": "游离层"}, {"word": "炭層"}, {"word": "炭层"}, {"roman": "méicéng", "word": "煤層"}, {"roman": "méicéng", "word": "煤层"}, {"word": "熱氣層"}, {"word": "热气层"}, {"word": "特權階層"}, {"word": "特权阶层"}, {"word": "疊嶺層巒"}, {"word": "叠岭层峦"}, {"word": "白千層"}, {"word": "白千层"}, {"word": "皮層"}, {"word": "皮层"}, {"word": "矽鎂層"}, {"word": "矽镁层"}, {"word": "礦層"}, {"word": "矿层"}, {"word": "稜層"}, {"word": "棱层"}, {"word": "綠皮層"}, {"word": "绿皮层"}, {"roman": "pēicéng", "word": "胚層"}, {"roman": "pēicéng", "word": "胚层"}, {"word": "背斜層"}, {"word": "背斜层"}, {"word": "胞間層"}, {"word": "胞间层"}, {"roman": "chòuyǎngcéng", "word": "臭氧層"}, {"roman": "chòuyǎngcéng", "word": "臭氧层"}, {"word": "表土層"}, {"word": "表土层"}, {"roman": "biǎocéng", "word": "表層"}, {"roman": "biǎocéng", "word": "表层"}, {"roman": "jiǎozhìcéng", "word": "角質層"}, {"roman": "jiǎozhìcéng", "word": "角质层"}, {"word": "變溫層"}, {"word": "变温层"}, {"word": "逆溫層"}, {"word": "逆温层"}, {"roman": "jiēcéng", "word": "階層"}, {"roman": "jiēcéng", "word": "阶层"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng", "word": "雙層"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng", "word": "双层"}, {"word": "雙層公路"}, {"word": "双层公路"}, {"word": "雙層公車"}, {"word": "双层公车"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng bāshì", "word": "雙層巴士"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng bāshì", "word": "双层巴士"}, {"roman": "yǔcéngyún", "word": "雨層雲"}, {"roman": "yǔcéngyún", "word": "雨层云"}, {"roman": "yúncéng", "word": "雲層"}, {"roman": "yúncéng", "word": "云层"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng", "word": "頂層"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng", "word": "顶层"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng shèjì", "word": "頂層設計"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng shèjì", "word": "顶层设计"}, {"word": "高層人士"}, {"word": "高层人士"}, {"word": "高階層"}, {"word": "高阶层"}, {"word": "鳥糞層"}, {"word": "鸟粪层"}], "descendants": [{"depth": 0, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "層"}, "expansion": "層", "name": "lang"}, {"args": {"1": "ja", "2": "-", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Japanese:", "name": "desc"}, {"args": {"1": "層", "2": "そう", "gloss": ""}, "expansion": "層(そう) (sō)", "name": "ja-r"}, {"args": {"1": "ko", "2": "층(層)", "3": "", "4": "", "5": "", "bor": "1", "id": "層", "id2": "", "id3": "", "id4": "", "t": "", "t2": "", "t3": "", "t4": ""}, "expansion": "→ Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "desc"}, {"args": {"1": "層", "2": "そう", "3": "층", "4": "", "5": "", "6": "", "h": "層", "j2": "", "j2t": "", "j3": "", "j3t": "", "j4": "", "j4t": "", "jdesc": "", "jje2": "", "jje2t": "", "jje3": "", "jje3t": "", "jje4": "", "jje4t": "", "jjedesc": "", "jjet": "", "jt": "", "k2": "", "k2t": "", "k3": "", "k3t": "", "k4": "", "k4t": "", "kdesc": "", "kt": "", "o": "層", "o2": "", "o2t": "", "o3": "", "o3t": "", "o4": "", "o4t": "", "odesc": "", "ot": "", "s": "層", "v": "層", "v2": "", "v2t": "", "v3": "", "v3t": "", "v4": "", "v4t": "", "vdesc": "", "vt": ""}, "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "CJKV/code"}, {"args": {"1": "", "2": "そう", "3": "층"}, "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "CJKV"}], "text": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)"}, {"depth": 1, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "vi", "2": "tầng", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Vietnamese: tầng", "name": "desc"}], "text": "→ Vietnamese: tầng"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "Han phono-semantic compounds"}, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize"}, {"args": {"1": "psc", "adj": "", "nocap": "", "pron": "OC *zɯːŋ"}, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ)", "name": "liushu"}, {"args": {"1": "尸", "2": "曾", "c1": "s", "c2": "p", "ls": "psc"}, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ): semantic 尸 + phonetic 曾 (OC *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯːŋ)", "name": "Han compound"}, {"args": {"1": "Baxter and Sagart (2014)"}, "expansion": "Baxter and Sagart (2014)", "name": "zh-ref"}, {"args": {"1": "增", "2": "to increase, to expand, to add", "tr": "*s-tˤəŋ"}, "expansion": "增 (OC *s-tˤəŋ, “to increase, to expand, to add”)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "登", "2": "to go up, to climb", "tr": "*tˤəŋ"}, "expansion": "登 (OC *tˤəŋ, “to go up, to climb”)", "name": "och-l"}], "etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ): semantic 尸 + phonetic 曾 (OC *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯːŋ).\nThe Baxter and Sagart (2014) reconstruction suggests this word is derived from 增 (OC *s-tˤəŋ, “to increase, to expand, to add”), in turn derived from 登 (OC *tˤəŋ, “to go up, to climb”).", "forms": [{"form": "层", "raw_tags": ["Simplified Chinese"]}, {"form": "曾"}, {"form": "层", "raw_tags": ["Simplified Chinese"]}, {"form": "沿"}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "hanzi"}, "expansion": "層", "name": "head"}], "lang": "Chinese", "lang_code": "zh", "pos": "character", "senses": [{"glosses": ["to pile up; to overlap"], "links": [["pile up", "pile up"], ["overlap", "overlap"]]}, {"glosses": ["thing made of layers"], "links": [["layer", "layer"]]}, {"glosses": ["layer; storey; floor; stratum"], "links": [["layer", "layer"], ["storey", "storey"], ["floor", "floor"], ["stratum", "stratum"]]}, {"glosses": ["Classifier for things arranged in layers, storeys or levels."], "links": [["layer", "layer"], ["storey", "storey"], ["level", "level"]]}, {"categories": ["Southern Min Chinese"], "glosses": ["Classifier for events."], "links": [["event", "event"]], "raw_glosses": ["(Southern Min) Classifier for events."], "tags": ["Min", "Southern"]}], "sounds": [{"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin", "standard"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin", "standard"], "zh-pron": "ceng²"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "bopomofo", "standard"], "zh-pron": "ㄘㄥˊ"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "цын"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "cɨn"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "I"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "cang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su", "Sixian"], "zh-pron": "chhèn"}, {"zh-pron": "cǎing"}, {"zh-pron": "cèng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chn̂g"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chêng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chân"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chàn"}, {"tags": ["Peng'im", "Teochew"], "zh-pron": "zang⁵"}, {"zh-pron": "⁶zen"}, {"tags": ["Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "bopomofo"], "zh-pron": "ㄘㄥˊ"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Tongyong-Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Wade-Giles"], "zh-pron": "tsʻêng²"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "tséng"}, {"tags": ["Gwoyeu-Romatsyh", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "tserng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "цэн"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "cɛn"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/", "tags": ["Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰəŋ²⁴/", "tags": ["Dungan", "Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "cang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "chàhng"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "tsang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangdong-Romanization", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong"], "zh-pron": "ceng⁴"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/", "tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su"], "zh-pron": "chhèn"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Hakka-Romanization-System"], "zh-pron": "cen^ˇ"}, {"tags": ["Hagfa-Pinyim", "Hakka"], "zh-pron": "cen²"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰen¹¹/", "tags": ["Hakka", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Jian'ou", "Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"], "zh-pron": "cǎing"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saiŋ²¹/", "tags": ["Jian'ou", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Foochow-Romanized", "Fuzhou"], "zh-pron": "cèng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sɛiŋ⁵³/", "tags": ["Fuzhou", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsn̂g"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zngg"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sŋ̍²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Quanzhou"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsîng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zeeng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Xiamen"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ¹³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Zhangzhou"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsân"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zaan"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Kaohsiung"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Zhangzhou"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Quanzhou", "Taipei", "Xiamen"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsàn"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zaxn"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹¹/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Taipei"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²¹/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Kaohsiung"]}, {"tags": ["POJ", "Teochew"], "zh-pron": "tsâng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saŋ⁵⁵/", "tags": ["Sinological-IPA", "Teochew"]}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "⁶zen"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "zen^去"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "³zen"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "/zən²³/"}, {"tags": ["Middle-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "dzong"}, {"tags": ["Baxter-Sagart", "Old-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "/*N-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"tags": ["Baxter-Sagart", "Old-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "/*m-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"tags": ["Old-Chinese", "Zhengzhang"], "zh-pron": "/*zɯːŋ/"}, {"other": "/ chêng /"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰəŋ²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰen¹¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saiŋ²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sɛiŋ⁵³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sŋ̍²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ¹³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saŋ⁵⁵/"}, {"ipa": "/zən²³/"}, {"other": "/*N-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"other": "/*m-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"other": "/*zɯːŋ/"}], "synonyms": [{"roman": "lóu", "word": "樓／楼"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層／楼层"}, {"english": "more colloquial and more used", "roman": "lóu", "word": "樓"}, {"english": "more colloquial and more used", "roman": "lóu", "word": "楼"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "楼层"}, {"roman": "chàn", "sense": "storey", "tags": ["Hokkien"], "word": "棧"}, {"roman": "chàn", "sense": "storey", "tags": ["Hokkien"], "word": "栈"}], "word": "層"}
層 (Chinese character) 層/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Middle-Chinese not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Beginning Mandarin", "Chinese classifiers", "Chinese entries with incorrect language header", "Chinese hanzi", "Chinese lemmas", "Chinese nouns", "Chinese terms spelled with 層", "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation", "Chinese verbs", "Eastern Min classifiers", "Eastern Min hanzi", "Eastern Min lemmas", "Eastern Min nouns", "Eastern Min verbs", "Middle Chinese classifiers", "Middle Chinese hanzi", "Middle Chinese lemmas", "Middle Chinese nouns", "Middle Chinese verbs", "Northern Min classifiers", "Northern Min hanzi", "Northern Min lemmas", "Northern Min nouns", "Northern Min verbs", "Old Chinese classifiers", "Old Chinese hanzi", "Old Chinese lemmas", "Old Chinese nouns", "Old Chinese verbs", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries"], "derived": [{"roman": "yīcéng", "word": "一層"}, {"roman": "yīcéng", "word": "一层"}, {"word": "一層天"}, {"word": "一层天"}, {"word": "三層"}, {"word": "三层"}, {"roman": "xiàcéng", "word": "下層"}, {"roman": "xiàcéng", "word": "下层"}, {"roman": "shàngcéng", "word": "上層"}, {"roman": "shàngcéng", "word": "上层"}, {"word": "三層仔"}, {"word": "三层仔"}, {"roman": "sāncéngròu", "word": "三層肉"}, {"roman": "sāncéngròu", "word": "三层肉"}, {"word": "下層階級"}, {"word": "下层阶级"}, {"roman": "zhōngcéng", "word": "中層"}, {"roman": "zhōngcéng", "word": "中层"}, {"word": "中氣層"}, {"word": "中气层"}, {"roman": "zhōngpēicéng", "word": "中胚層"}, {"roman": "zhōngpēicéng", "word": "中胚层"}, {"roman": "jiǔcéngtǎ", "word": "九層塔"}, {"roman": "jiǔcéngtǎ", "word": "九层塔"}, {"word": "傾移斷層"}, {"word": "倾移断层"}, {"word": "內層"}, {"word": "内层"}, {"word": "分層負責"}, {"word": "分层负责"}, {"word": "剝一層皮"}, {"word": "剥一层皮"}, {"roman": "qiāncénggāo", "word": "千層糕"}, {"roman": "qiāncénggāo", "word": "千层糕"}, {"roman": "qiāncéngmiàn", "word": "千層麵"}, {"roman": "qiāncéngmiàn", "word": "千层面"}, {"roman": "juǎncéngyún", "word": "卷層雲"}, {"roman": "juǎncéngyún", "word": "卷层云"}, {"word": "向斜層"}, {"word": "向斜层"}, {"word": "同斜層"}, {"word": "同斜层"}, {"roman": "tóngwēncéng", "word": "同溫層"}, {"roman": "tóngwēncéng", "word": "同温层"}, {"roman": "hánshuǐcéng", "word": "含水層"}, {"roman": "hánshuǐcéng", "word": "含水层"}, {"word": "單斜層"}, {"word": "单斜层"}, {"word": "土層"}, {"word": "土层"}, {"roman": "dìcéng", "word": "地層"}, {"roman": "dìcéng", "word": "地层"}, {"word": "地層下陷"}, {"word": "地层下陷"}, {"roman": "jīcéng", "word": "基層"}, {"roman": "jīcéng", "word": "基层"}, {"word": "基層建設"}, {"word": "基层建设"}, {"word": "基層組織"}, {"word": "基层组织"}, {"word": "基層行政"}, {"word": "基层行政"}, {"roman": "túcéng", "word": "塗層"}, {"roman": "túcéng", "word": "涂层"}, {"roman": "wàicéng", "word": "外層"}, {"roman": "wàicéng", "word": "外层"}, {"roman": "wàipēicéng", "word": "外胚層"}, {"roman": "wàipēicéng", "word": "外胚层"}, {"roman": "dàqìcéng", "word": "大氣層"}, {"roman": "dàqìcéng", "word": "大气层"}, {"word": "大腦皮層"}, {"word": "大脑皮层"}, {"word": "大陸礁層"}, {"word": "大陆礁层"}, {"roman": "jiācéng", "word": "夾層"}, {"roman": "jiācéng", "word": "夹层"}, {"word": "夾層屋"}, {"word": "夹层屋"}, {"word": "密密層層"}, {"word": "密密层层"}, {"word": "密層層"}, {"word": "密层层"}, {"roman": "duìliúcéng", "word": "對流層"}, {"roman": "duìliúcéng", "word": "对流层"}, {"roman": "céngchūbùqióng", "word": "層出不窮"}, {"roman": "céngchūbùqióng", "word": "层出不穷"}, {"roman": "céngchūdiéxiàn", "word": "層出疊見"}, {"roman": "céngchūdiéxiàn", "word": "层出叠见"}, {"roman": "céngbào", "word": "層報"}, {"roman": "céngbào", "word": "层报"}, {"word": "層壓"}, {"word": "层压"}, {"word": "層壓法"}, {"word": "层压法"}, {"word": "層密"}, {"word": "层密"}, {"roman": "céngcéng", "word": "層層"}, {"roman": "céngcéng", "word": "层层"}, {"word": "層層加碼"}, {"word": "层层加码"}, {"word": "層層深入"}, {"word": "层层深入"}, {"word": "層層疊疊"}, {"word": "层层叠叠"}, {"word": "層峰"}, {"word": "层峰"}, {"roman": "céngluán", "word": "層巒"}, {"roman": "céngluán", "word": "层峦"}, {"word": "層巒疊嶂"}, {"word": "层峦叠嶂"}, {"word": "層序分明"}, {"word": "层序分明"}, {"word": "層態"}, {"word": "层态"}, {"roman": "cénglín", "word": "層林"}, {"roman": "cénglín", "word": "层林"}, {"word": "層樓"}, {"word": "层楼"}, {"roman": "Céngtán", "word": "層檀"}, {"roman": "Céngtán", "word": "层檀"}, {"roman": "céngcì", "word": "層次"}, {"roman": "céngcì", "word": "层次"}, {"word": "層次井然"}, {"word": "层次井然"}, {"word": "層次分明"}, {"word": "层次分明"}, {"roman": "céngliú", "word": "層流"}, {"roman": "céngliú", "word": "层流"}, {"word": "層浪"}, {"word": "层浪"}, {"word": "層瀾"}, {"word": "层澜"}, {"word": "層理"}, {"word": "层理"}, {"word": "層甍"}, {"word": "层甍"}, {"roman": "céngdié", "word": "層疊"}, {"roman": "céngdié", "word": "层叠"}, {"word": "層積法"}, {"word": "层积法"}, {"roman": "céngjīyún", "word": "層積雲"}, {"roman": "céngjīyún", "word": "层积云"}, {"roman": "céngjí", "word": "層級"}, {"roman": "céngjí", "word": "层级"}, {"word": "層臺"}, {"word": "层台"}, {"roman": "céngxiàndiéchū", "word": "層見疊出"}, {"roman": "céngxiàndiéchū", "word": "层见叠出"}, {"word": "層遞"}, {"word": "层递"}, {"roman": "céngyún", "word": "層雲"}, {"roman": "céngyún", "word": "层云"}, {"roman": "céngmiàn", "word": "層面"}, {"roman": "céngmiàn", "word": "层面"}, {"word": "岩層"}, {"word": "岩层"}, {"word": "常溫層"}, {"word": "常温层"}, {"roman": "píngliúcéng", "word": "平流層"}, {"roman": "píngliúcéng", "word": "平流层"}, {"word": "平移斷層"}, {"word": "平移断层"}, {"word": "年齡層"}, {"word": "年龄层"}, {"roman": "dǐcéng", "word": "底層"}, {"roman": "dǐcéng", "word": "底层"}, {"roman": "xíngchéngcéng", "word": "形成層"}, {"roman": "xíngchéngcéng", "word": "形成层"}, {"word": "恆溫層"}, {"word": "恒温层"}, {"word": "文化層"}, {"word": "文化层"}, {"word": "斜溫層"}, {"word": "斜温层"}, {"roman": "duàncéng", "word": "斷層"}, {"roman": "duàncéng", "word": "断层"}, {"roman": "duàncéng sǎomiáo", "word": "斷層掃描"}, {"roman": "duàncéng sǎomiáo", "word": "断层扫描"}, {"roman": "gèngshàngyīcénglóu", "word": "更上一層樓"}, {"roman": "gèngshàngyīcénglóu", "word": "更上一层楼"}, {"word": "更上層樓"}, {"word": "更上层楼"}, {"word": "楞層"}, {"word": "楞层"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "楼层"}, {"word": "正斷層"}, {"word": "正断层"}, {"word": "氣密層"}, {"word": "气密层"}, {"word": "沖積層"}, {"word": "冲积层"}, {"word": "油層"}, {"word": "油层"}, {"word": "活斷層"}, {"word": "活断层"}, {"word": "洪積層"}, {"word": "洪积层"}, {"word": "海成層"}, {"word": "海成层"}, {"word": "混合層"}, {"word": "混合层"}, {"word": "游離層"}, {"word": "游离层"}, {"word": "炭層"}, {"word": "炭层"}, {"roman": "méicéng", "word": "煤層"}, {"roman": "méicéng", "word": "煤层"}, {"word": "熱氣層"}, {"word": "热气层"}, {"word": "特權階層"}, {"word": "特权阶层"}, {"word": "疊嶺層巒"}, {"word": "叠岭层峦"}, {"word": "白千層"}, {"word": "白千层"}, {"word": "皮層"}, {"word": "皮层"}, {"word": "矽鎂層"}, {"word": "矽镁层"}, {"word": "礦層"}, {"word": "矿层"}, {"word": "稜層"}, {"word": "棱层"}, {"word": "綠皮層"}, {"word": "绿皮层"}, {"roman": "pēicéng", "word": "胚層"}, {"roman": "pēicéng", "word": "胚层"}, {"word": "背斜層"}, {"word": "背斜层"}, {"word": "胞間層"}, {"word": "胞间层"}, {"roman": "chòuyǎngcéng", "word": "臭氧層"}, {"roman": "chòuyǎngcéng", "word": "臭氧层"}, {"word": "表土層"}, {"word": "表土层"}, {"roman": "biǎocéng", "word": "表層"}, {"roman": "biǎocéng", "word": "表层"}, {"roman": "jiǎozhìcéng", "word": "角質層"}, {"roman": "jiǎozhìcéng", "word": "角质层"}, {"word": "變溫層"}, {"word": "变温层"}, {"word": "逆溫層"}, {"word": "逆温层"}, {"roman": "jiēcéng", "word": "階層"}, {"roman": "jiēcéng", "word": "阶层"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng", "word": "雙層"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng", "word": "双层"}, {"word": "雙層公路"}, {"word": "双层公路"}, {"word": "雙層公車"}, {"word": "双层公车"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng bāshì", "word": "雙層巴士"}, {"roman": "shuāngcéng bāshì", "word": "双层巴士"}, {"roman": "yǔcéngyún", "word": "雨層雲"}, {"roman": "yǔcéngyún", "word": "雨层云"}, {"roman": "yúncéng", "word": "雲層"}, {"roman": "yúncéng", "word": "云层"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng", "word": "頂層"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng", "word": "顶层"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng shèjì", "word": "頂層設計"}, {"roman": "dǐngcéng shèjì", "word": "顶层设计"}, {"word": "高層人士"}, {"word": "高层人士"}, {"word": "高階層"}, {"word": "高阶层"}, {"word": "鳥糞層"}, {"word": "鸟粪层"}], "descendants": [{"depth": 0, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "層"}, "expansion": "層", "name": "lang"}, {"args": {"1": "ja", "2": "-", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Japanese:", "name": "desc"}, {"args": {"1": "層", "2": "そう", "gloss": ""}, "expansion": "層(そう) (sō)", "name": "ja-r"}, {"args": {"1": "ko", "2": "층(層)", "3": "", "4": "", "5": "", "bor": "1", "id": "層", "id2": "", "id3": "", "id4": "", "t": "", "t2": "", "t3": "", "t4": ""}, "expansion": "→ Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "desc"}, {"args": {"1": "層", "2": "そう", "3": "층", "4": "", "5": "", "6": "", "h": "層", "j2": "", "j2t": "", "j3": "", "j3t": "", "j4": "", "j4t": "", "jdesc": "", "jje2": "", "jje2t": "", "jje3": "", "jje3t": "", "jje4": "", "jje4t": "", "jjedesc": "", "jjet": "", "jt": "", "k2": "", "k2t": "", "k3": "", "k3t": "", "k4": "", "k4t": "", "kdesc": "", "kt": "", "o": "層", "o2": "", "o2t": "", "o3": "", "o3t": "", "o4": "", "o4t": "", "odesc": "", "ot": "", "s": "層", "v": "層", "v2": "", "v2t": "", "v3": "", "v3t": "", "v4": "", "v4t": "", "vdesc": "", "vt": ""}, "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "CJKV/code"}, {"args": {"1": "", "2": "そう", "3": "층"}, "expansion": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)", "name": "CJKV"}], "text": "Sino-Xenic (層):\n* → Japanese: 層(そう) (sō)\n* → Korean: 층(層) (cheung)"}, {"depth": 1, "templates": [{"args": {"1": "vi", "2": "tầng", "bor": "1"}, "expansion": "→ Vietnamese: tầng", "name": "desc"}], "text": "→ Vietnamese: tầng"}], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "Han phono-semantic compounds"}, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize"}, {"args": {"1": "psc", "adj": "", "nocap": "", "pron": "OC *zɯːŋ"}, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ)", "name": "liushu"}, {"args": {"1": "尸", "2": "曾", "c1": "s", "c2": "p", "ls": "psc"}, "expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ): semantic 尸 + phonetic 曾 (OC *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯːŋ)", "name": "Han compound"}, {"args": {"1": "Baxter and Sagart (2014)"}, "expansion": "Baxter and Sagart (2014)", "name": "zh-ref"}, {"args": {"1": "增", "2": "to increase, to expand, to add", "tr": "*s-tˤəŋ"}, "expansion": "增 (OC *s-tˤəŋ, “to increase, to expand, to add”)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "登", "2": "to go up, to climb", "tr": "*tˤəŋ"}, "expansion": "登 (OC *tˤəŋ, “to go up, to climb”)", "name": "och-l"}], "etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *zɯːŋ): semantic 尸 + phonetic 曾 (OC *ʔsɯːŋ, *zɯːŋ).\nThe Baxter and Sagart (2014) reconstruction suggests this word is derived from 增 (OC *s-tˤəŋ, “to increase, to expand, to add”), in turn derived from 登 (OC *tˤəŋ, “to go up, to climb”).", "forms": [{"form": "层", "raw_tags": ["Simplified Chinese"]}, {"form": "曾"}, {"form": "层", "raw_tags": ["Simplified Chinese"]}, {"form": "沿"}], "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "hanzi"}, "expansion": "層", "name": "head"}], "lang": "Chinese", "lang_code": "zh", "pos": "character", "senses": [{"glosses": ["to pile up; to overlap"], "links": [["pile up", "pile up"], ["overlap", "overlap"]]}, {"glosses": ["thing made of layers"], "links": [["layer", "layer"]]}, {"glosses": ["layer; storey; floor; stratum"], "links": [["layer", "layer"], ["storey", "storey"], ["floor", "floor"], ["stratum", "stratum"]]}, {"glosses": ["Classifier for things arranged in layers, storeys or levels."], "links": [["layer", "layer"], ["storey", "storey"], ["level", "level"]]}, {"categories": ["Southern Min Chinese"], "glosses": ["Classifier for events."], "links": [["event", "event"]], "raw_glosses": ["(Southern Min) Classifier for events."], "tags": ["Min", "Southern"]}], "sounds": [{"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin", "standard"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin", "standard"], "zh-pron": "ceng²"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "bopomofo", "standard"], "zh-pron": "ㄘㄥˊ"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "цын"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "cɨn"}, {"tags": ["Cyrillic", "Dungan", "Mandarin", "Wiktionary-specific"], "zh-pron": "I"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "cang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su", "Sixian"], "zh-pron": "chhèn"}, {"zh-pron": "cǎing"}, {"zh-pron": "cèng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chn̂g"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chêng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chân"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "POJ"], "zh-pron": "chàn"}, {"tags": ["Peng'im", "Teochew"], "zh-pron": "zang⁵"}, {"zh-pron": "⁶zen"}, {"tags": ["Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "bopomofo"], "zh-pron": "ㄘㄥˊ"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Tongyong-Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "céng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Wade-Giles"], "zh-pron": "tsʻêng²"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "tséng"}, {"tags": ["Gwoyeu-Romatsyh", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "tserng"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "цэн"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "cɛn"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/", "tags": ["Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰəŋ²⁴/", "tags": ["Dungan", "Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "cang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "chàhng"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "tsang⁴"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangdong-Romanization", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong"], "zh-pron": "ceng⁴"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/", "tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su"], "zh-pron": "chhèn"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Hakka-Romanization-System"], "zh-pron": "cen^ˇ"}, {"tags": ["Hagfa-Pinyim", "Hakka"], "zh-pron": "cen²"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰen¹¹/", "tags": ["Hakka", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Jian'ou", "Kienning-Colloquial-Romanized"], "zh-pron": "cǎing"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saiŋ²¹/", "tags": ["Jian'ou", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Foochow-Romanized", "Fuzhou"], "zh-pron": "cèng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sɛiŋ⁵³/", "tags": ["Fuzhou", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsn̂g"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zngg"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sŋ̍²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Quanzhou"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsîng"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zeeng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Xiamen"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ¹³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Zhangzhou"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsân"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zaan"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Kaohsiung"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹³/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Zhangzhou"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²⁴/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Quanzhou", "Taipei", "Xiamen"]}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Tai-lo"], "zh-pron": "tsàn"}, {"tags": ["Hokkien", "Phofsit-Daibuun"], "zh-pron": "zaxn"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹¹/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Taipei"]}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²¹/", "tags": ["Hokkien", "Kaohsiung"]}, {"tags": ["POJ", "Teochew"], "zh-pron": "tsâng"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saŋ⁵⁵/", "tags": ["Sinological-IPA", "Teochew"]}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "⁶zen"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "zen^去"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "³zen"}, {"tags": ["Northern", "Wu"], "zh-pron": "/zən²³/"}, {"tags": ["Middle-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "dzong"}, {"tags": ["Baxter-Sagart", "Old-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "/*N-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"tags": ["Baxter-Sagart", "Old-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "/*m-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"tags": ["Old-Chinese", "Zhengzhang"], "zh-pron": "/*zɯːŋ/"}, {"other": "/ chêng /"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɤŋ³⁵/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰəŋ²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰɐŋ²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sʰen¹¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saiŋ²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sɛiŋ⁵³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡sŋ̍²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡siɪŋ¹³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹³/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san¹¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡san²¹/"}, {"ipa": "/t͡saŋ⁵⁵/"}, {"ipa": "/zən²³/"}, {"other": "/*N-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"other": "/*m-s-tˤəŋ/"}, {"other": "/*zɯːŋ/"}], "synonyms": [{"roman": "lóu", "word": "樓／楼"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層／楼层"}, {"english": "more colloquial and more used", "roman": "lóu", "word": "樓"}, {"english": "more colloquial and more used", "roman": "lóu", "word": "楼"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "樓層"}, {"roman": "lóucéng", "word": "楼层"}, {"roman": "chàn", "sense": "storey", "tags": ["Hokkien"], "word": "棧"}, {"roman": "chàn", "sense": "storey", "tags": ["Hokkien"], "word": "栈"}], "word": "層"}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (ce0be54 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.