丂 (Chinese character) 丂/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Hong-Kong not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Chinese entries with incorrect language header", "Chinese hanzi", "Chinese lemmas", "Chinese nouns", "Chinese terms spelled with 丂", "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation", "Middle Chinese hanzi", "Middle Chinese lemmas", "Middle Chinese nouns", "Old Chinese hanzi", "Old Chinese lemmas", "Old Chinese nouns", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries"], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "Han pictograms"}, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize"}, {"args": {"1": "p"}, "expansion": "Pictogram (象形)", "name": "liushu"}, {"args": {"1": "柯"}, "expansion": "柯 (OC *kaːl)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "斤"}, "expansion": "斤 (jīn)", "name": "zh-l"}, {"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "Han pictograms"}, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize"}, {"args": {"1": "p"}, "expansion": "Pictogram (象形)", "name": "liushu"}, {"args": {"1": "杖"}, "expansion": "杖 (OC *daŋʔ)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "考"}, "expansion": "考 (OC *kʰluːʔ)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "于"}, "expansion": "于 (OC *ɢʷa)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "𠃑", "2": "一"}, "expansion": "𠃑 + 一", "name": "Han compound"}], "etymology_text": "Conflation of several characters:\n# Pictogram (象形) - axe handle; original character of 柯 (OC *kaːl) (漢語多功能字庫). Compare 斤 (jīn) which is a pictogram for the full axe.\n# Pictogram (象形) - cane; original character of 杖 (OC *daŋʔ) (李春桃.甲骨文中的“丂”字新釋.甲骨文與殷商史(新十輯),2020:253-264.)\n# Simplified from 考 (OC *kʰluːʔ), which is ideogrammic compound with cane (see above) as a component.\n# Variant of 于 (OC *ɢʷa) (exhaled air or an ancient wind instrument).\nThe definition of ‘appearance of air that is to be released’ is provided by Shuowen (treated as 𠃑 + 一) as an origin of the glyph, however this remains doubtful to modern linguists.", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "hanzi"}, "expansion": "丂", "name": "head"}], "lang": "Chinese", "lang_code": "zh", "pos": "character", "senses": [{"categories": ["Chinese terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["the appearance of air which is to be released"], "links": [["appearance", "appearance"], ["air", "air"], ["release", "release"]], "qualifier": "historical dictionaries only", "raw_glosses": ["(historical dictionaries only) the appearance of air which is to be released"]}], "sounds": [{"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "kǎo"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "kao³"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "bopomofo"], "zh-pron": "ㄎㄠˇ"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "haau²"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su", "Sixian"], "zh-pron": "kháu"}, {"tags": ["Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "kǎo"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Tongyong-Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "kǎo"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Wade-Giles"], "zh-pron": "kʻao³"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "kǎu"}, {"tags": ["Gwoyeu-Romatsyh", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "kao"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "као"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "kao"}, {"ipa": "/kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴/", "tags": ["Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "haau²"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "háau"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "haau²"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangdong-Romanization", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong"], "zh-pron": "hao²"}, {"ipa": "/haːu̯³⁵/", "tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su"], "zh-pron": "kháu"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Hakka-Romanization-System"], "zh-pron": "kau^ˋ"}, {"tags": ["Hagfa-Pinyim", "Hakka"], "zh-pron": "kau³"}, {"ipa": "/kʰau̯³¹/", "tags": ["Hakka", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Middle-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "khawX"}, {"tags": ["Baxter-Sagart", "Old-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "/*C.qʰˤuʔ/"}, {"tags": ["Old-Chinese", "Zhengzhang"], "zh-pron": "/*kʰluːʔ/"}, {"ipa": "/kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/haːu̯³⁵/"}, {"ipa": "/kʰau̯³¹/"}, {"other": "/*C.qʰˤuʔ/"}, {"other": "/*kʰluːʔ/"}], "wikipedia": ["Shuowen"], "word": "丂"}
丂 (Chinese character) 丂/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Hong-Kong not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Chinese entries with incorrect language header", "Chinese hanzi", "Chinese lemmas", "Chinese nouns", "Chinese terms spelled with 丂", "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation", "Middle Chinese hanzi", "Middle Chinese lemmas", "Middle Chinese nouns", "Old Chinese hanzi", "Old Chinese lemmas", "Old Chinese nouns", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries"], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "Han pictograms"}, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize"}, {"args": {"1": "p"}, "expansion": "Pictogram (象形)", "name": "liushu"}, {"args": {"1": "柯"}, "expansion": "柯 (OC *kaːl)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "斤"}, "expansion": "斤 (jīn)", "name": "zh-l"}, {"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "Han pictograms"}, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize"}, {"args": {"1": "p"}, "expansion": "Pictogram (象形)", "name": "liushu"}, {"args": {"1": "杖"}, "expansion": "杖 (OC *daŋʔ)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "考"}, "expansion": "考 (OC *kʰluːʔ)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "于"}, "expansion": "于 (OC *ɢʷa)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "𠃑", "2": "一"}, "expansion": "𠃑 + 一", "name": "Han compound"}], "etymology_text": "Conflation of several characters:\n# Pictogram (象形) - axe handle; original character of 柯 (OC *kaːl) (漢語多功能字庫). Compare 斤 (jīn) which is a pictogram for the full axe.\n# Pictogram (象形) - cane; original character of 杖 (OC *daŋʔ) (李春桃.甲骨文中的“丂”字新釋.甲骨文與殷商史(新十輯),2020:253-264.)\n# Simplified from 考 (OC *kʰluːʔ), which is ideogrammic compound with cane (see above) as a component.\n# Variant of 于 (OC *ɢʷa) (exhaled air or an ancient wind instrument).\nThe definition of ‘appearance of air that is to be released’ is provided by Shuowen (treated as 𠃑 + 一) as an origin of the glyph, however this remains doubtful to modern linguists.", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "hanzi"}, "expansion": "丂", "name": "head"}], "lang": "Chinese", "lang_code": "zh", "pos": "character", "senses": [{"categories": ["Chinese terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["the appearance of air which is to be released"], "links": [["appearance", "appearance"], ["air", "air"], ["release", "release"]], "qualifier": "historical dictionaries only", "raw_glosses": ["(historical dictionaries only) the appearance of air which is to be released"]}], "sounds": [{"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "kǎo"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "kao³"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "bopomofo"], "zh-pron": "ㄎㄠˇ"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "haau²"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su", "Sixian"], "zh-pron": "kháu"}, {"tags": ["Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "kǎo"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Tongyong-Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "kǎo"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Wade-Giles"], "zh-pron": "kʻao³"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "kǎu"}, {"tags": ["Gwoyeu-Romatsyh", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "kao"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "као"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "kao"}, {"ipa": "/kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴/", "tags": ["Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "haau²"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "háau"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "haau²"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangdong-Romanization", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong"], "zh-pron": "hao²"}, {"ipa": "/haːu̯³⁵/", "tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su"], "zh-pron": "kháu"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Hakka-Romanization-System"], "zh-pron": "kau^ˋ"}, {"tags": ["Hagfa-Pinyim", "Hakka"], "zh-pron": "kau³"}, {"ipa": "/kʰau̯³¹/", "tags": ["Hakka", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Middle-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "khawX"}, {"tags": ["Baxter-Sagart", "Old-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "/*C.qʰˤuʔ/"}, {"tags": ["Old-Chinese", "Zhengzhang"], "zh-pron": "/*kʰluːʔ/"}, {"ipa": "/kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/haːu̯³⁵/"}, {"ipa": "/kʰau̯³¹/"}, {"other": "/*C.qʰˤuʔ/"}, {"other": "/*kʰluːʔ/"}], "wikipedia": ["Shuowen"], "word": "丂"}
丂 (Chinese character) 丂/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Hong-Kong not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Chinese entries with incorrect language header", "Chinese hanzi", "Chinese lemmas", "Chinese nouns", "Chinese terms spelled with 丂", "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation", "Middle Chinese hanzi", "Middle Chinese lemmas", "Middle Chinese nouns", "Old Chinese hanzi", "Old Chinese lemmas", "Old Chinese nouns", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries"], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "Han pictograms"}, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize"}, {"args": {"1": "p"}, "expansion": "Pictogram (象形)", "name": "liushu"}, {"args": {"1": "柯"}, "expansion": "柯 (OC *kaːl)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "斤"}, "expansion": "斤 (jīn)", "name": "zh-l"}, {"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "Han pictograms"}, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize"}, {"args": {"1": "p"}, "expansion": "Pictogram (象形)", "name": "liushu"}, {"args": {"1": "杖"}, "expansion": "杖 (OC *daŋʔ)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "考"}, "expansion": "考 (OC *kʰluːʔ)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "于"}, "expansion": "于 (OC *ɢʷa)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "𠃑", "2": "一"}, "expansion": "𠃑 + 一", "name": "Han compound"}], "etymology_text": "Conflation of several characters:\n# Pictogram (象形) - axe handle; original character of 柯 (OC *kaːl) (漢語多功能字庫). Compare 斤 (jīn) which is a pictogram for the full axe.\n# Pictogram (象形) - cane; original character of 杖 (OC *daŋʔ) (李春桃.甲骨文中的“丂”字新釋.甲骨文與殷商史(新十輯),2020:253-264.)\n# Simplified from 考 (OC *kʰluːʔ), which is ideogrammic compound with cane (see above) as a component.\n# Variant of 于 (OC *ɢʷa) (exhaled air or an ancient wind instrument).\nThe definition of ‘appearance of air that is to be released’ is provided by Shuowen (treated as 𠃑 + 一) as an origin of the glyph, however this remains doubtful to modern linguists.", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "hanzi"}, "expansion": "丂", "name": "head"}], "lang": "Chinese", "lang_code": "zh", "pos": "character", "senses": [{"categories": ["Chinese terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["the appearance of air which is to be released"], "links": [["appearance", "appearance"], ["air", "air"], ["release", "release"]], "qualifier": "historical dictionaries only", "raw_glosses": ["(historical dictionaries only) the appearance of air which is to be released"]}], "sounds": [{"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "kǎo"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "kao³"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "bopomofo"], "zh-pron": "ㄎㄠˇ"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "haau²"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su", "Sixian"], "zh-pron": "kháu"}, {"tags": ["Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "kǎo"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Tongyong-Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "kǎo"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Wade-Giles"], "zh-pron": "kʻao³"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "kǎu"}, {"tags": ["Gwoyeu-Romatsyh", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "kao"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "као"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "kao"}, {"ipa": "/kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴/", "tags": ["Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "haau²"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "háau"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "haau²"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangdong-Romanization", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong"], "zh-pron": "hao²"}, {"ipa": "/haːu̯³⁵/", "tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su"], "zh-pron": "kháu"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Hakka-Romanization-System"], "zh-pron": "kau^ˋ"}, {"tags": ["Hagfa-Pinyim", "Hakka"], "zh-pron": "kau³"}, {"ipa": "/kʰau̯³¹/", "tags": ["Hakka", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Middle-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "khawX"}, {"tags": ["Baxter-Sagart", "Old-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "/*C.qʰˤuʔ/"}, {"tags": ["Old-Chinese", "Zhengzhang"], "zh-pron": "/*kʰluːʔ/"}, {"ipa": "/kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/haːu̯³⁵/"}, {"ipa": "/kʰau̯³¹/"}, {"other": "/*C.qʰˤuʔ/"}, {"other": "/*kʰluːʔ/"}], "wikipedia": ["Shuowen"], "word": "丂"}
丂 (Chinese character) 丂/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Hong-Kong not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Chinese entries with incorrect language header", "Chinese hanzi", "Chinese lemmas", "Chinese nouns", "Chinese terms spelled with 丂", "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation", "Middle Chinese hanzi", "Middle Chinese lemmas", "Middle Chinese nouns", "Old Chinese hanzi", "Old Chinese lemmas", "Old Chinese nouns", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries"], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "Han pictograms"}, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize"}, {"args": {"1": "p"}, "expansion": "Pictogram (象形)", "name": "liushu"}, {"args": {"1": "柯"}, "expansion": "柯 (OC *kaːl)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "斤"}, "expansion": "斤 (jīn)", "name": "zh-l"}, {"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "Han pictograms"}, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize"}, {"args": {"1": "p"}, "expansion": "Pictogram (象形)", "name": "liushu"}, {"args": {"1": "杖"}, "expansion": "杖 (OC *daŋʔ)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "考"}, "expansion": "考 (OC *kʰluːʔ)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "于"}, "expansion": "于 (OC *ɢʷa)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "𠃑", "2": "一"}, "expansion": "𠃑 + 一", "name": "Han compound"}], "etymology_text": "Conflation of several characters:\n# Pictogram (象形) - axe handle; original character of 柯 (OC *kaːl) (漢語多功能字庫). Compare 斤 (jīn) which is a pictogram for the full axe.\n# Pictogram (象形) - cane; original character of 杖 (OC *daŋʔ) (李春桃.甲骨文中的“丂”字新釋.甲骨文與殷商史(新十輯),2020:253-264.)\n# Simplified from 考 (OC *kʰluːʔ), which is ideogrammic compound with cane (see above) as a component.\n# Variant of 于 (OC *ɢʷa) (exhaled air or an ancient wind instrument).\nThe definition of ‘appearance of air that is to be released’ is provided by Shuowen (treated as 𠃑 + 一) as an origin of the glyph, however this remains doubtful to modern linguists.", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "hanzi"}, "expansion": "丂", "name": "head"}], "lang": "Chinese", "lang_code": "zh", "pos": "character", "senses": [{"categories": ["Chinese terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["the appearance of air which is to be released"], "links": [["appearance", "appearance"], ["air", "air"], ["release", "release"]], "qualifier": "historical dictionaries only", "raw_glosses": ["(historical dictionaries only) the appearance of air which is to be released"]}], "sounds": [{"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "kǎo"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "kao³"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "bopomofo"], "zh-pron": "ㄎㄠˇ"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "haau²"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su", "Sixian"], "zh-pron": "kháu"}, {"tags": ["Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "kǎo"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Tongyong-Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "kǎo"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Wade-Giles"], "zh-pron": "kʻao³"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "kǎu"}, {"tags": ["Gwoyeu-Romatsyh", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "kao"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "као"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "kao"}, {"ipa": "/kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴/", "tags": ["Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "haau²"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "háau"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "haau²"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangdong-Romanization", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong"], "zh-pron": "hao²"}, {"ipa": "/haːu̯³⁵/", "tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su"], "zh-pron": "kháu"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Hakka-Romanization-System"], "zh-pron": "kau^ˋ"}, {"tags": ["Hagfa-Pinyim", "Hakka"], "zh-pron": "kau³"}, {"ipa": "/kʰau̯³¹/", "tags": ["Hakka", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Middle-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "khawX"}, {"tags": ["Baxter-Sagart", "Old-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "/*C.qʰˤuʔ/"}, {"tags": ["Old-Chinese", "Zhengzhang"], "zh-pron": "/*kʰluːʔ/"}, {"ipa": "/kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/haːu̯³⁵/"}, {"ipa": "/kʰau̯³¹/"}, {"other": "/*C.qʰˤuʔ/"}, {"other": "/*kʰluːʔ/"}], "wikipedia": ["Shuowen"], "word": "丂"}
丂 (Chinese character) 丂/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Hong-Kong not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Chinese entries with incorrect language header", "Chinese hanzi", "Chinese lemmas", "Chinese nouns", "Chinese terms spelled with 丂", "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation", "Middle Chinese hanzi", "Middle Chinese lemmas", "Middle Chinese nouns", "Old Chinese hanzi", "Old Chinese lemmas", "Old Chinese nouns", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries"], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "Han pictograms"}, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize"}, {"args": {"1": "p"}, "expansion": "Pictogram (象形)", "name": "liushu"}, {"args": {"1": "柯"}, "expansion": "柯 (OC *kaːl)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "斤"}, "expansion": "斤 (jīn)", "name": "zh-l"}, {"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "Han pictograms"}, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize"}, {"args": {"1": "p"}, "expansion": "Pictogram (象形)", "name": "liushu"}, {"args": {"1": "杖"}, "expansion": "杖 (OC *daŋʔ)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "考"}, "expansion": "考 (OC *kʰluːʔ)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "于"}, "expansion": "于 (OC *ɢʷa)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "𠃑", "2": "一"}, "expansion": "𠃑 + 一", "name": "Han compound"}], "etymology_text": "Conflation of several characters:\n# Pictogram (象形) - axe handle; original character of 柯 (OC *kaːl) (漢語多功能字庫). Compare 斤 (jīn) which is a pictogram for the full axe.\n# Pictogram (象形) - cane; original character of 杖 (OC *daŋʔ) (李春桃.甲骨文中的“丂”字新釋.甲骨文與殷商史(新十輯),2020:253-264.)\n# Simplified from 考 (OC *kʰluːʔ), which is ideogrammic compound with cane (see above) as a component.\n# Variant of 于 (OC *ɢʷa) (exhaled air or an ancient wind instrument).\nThe definition of ‘appearance of air that is to be released’ is provided by Shuowen (treated as 𠃑 + 一) as an origin of the glyph, however this remains doubtful to modern linguists.", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "hanzi"}, "expansion": "丂", "name": "head"}], "lang": "Chinese", "lang_code": "zh", "pos": "character", "senses": [{"categories": ["Chinese terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["the appearance of air which is to be released"], "links": [["appearance", "appearance"], ["air", "air"], ["release", "release"]], "qualifier": "historical dictionaries only", "raw_glosses": ["(historical dictionaries only) the appearance of air which is to be released"]}], "sounds": [{"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "kǎo"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "kao³"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "bopomofo"], "zh-pron": "ㄎㄠˇ"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "haau²"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su", "Sixian"], "zh-pron": "kháu"}, {"tags": ["Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "kǎo"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Tongyong-Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "kǎo"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Wade-Giles"], "zh-pron": "kʻao³"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "kǎu"}, {"tags": ["Gwoyeu-Romatsyh", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "kao"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "као"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "kao"}, {"ipa": "/kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴/", "tags": ["Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "haau²"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "háau"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "haau²"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangdong-Romanization", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong"], "zh-pron": "hao²"}, {"ipa": "/haːu̯³⁵/", "tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su"], "zh-pron": "kháu"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Hakka-Romanization-System"], "zh-pron": "kau^ˋ"}, {"tags": ["Hagfa-Pinyim", "Hakka"], "zh-pron": "kau³"}, {"ipa": "/kʰau̯³¹/", "tags": ["Hakka", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Middle-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "khawX"}, {"tags": ["Baxter-Sagart", "Old-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "/*C.qʰˤuʔ/"}, {"tags": ["Old-Chinese", "Zhengzhang"], "zh-pron": "/*kʰluːʔ/"}, {"ipa": "/kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/haːu̯³⁵/"}, {"ipa": "/kʰau̯³¹/"}, {"other": "/*C.qʰˤuʔ/"}, {"other": "/*kʰluːʔ/"}], "wikipedia": ["Shuowen"], "word": "丂"}
丂 (Chinese character) 丂/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Old-Chinese not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Chinese entries with incorrect language header", "Chinese hanzi", "Chinese lemmas", "Chinese nouns", "Chinese terms spelled with 丂", "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation", "Middle Chinese hanzi", "Middle Chinese lemmas", "Middle Chinese nouns", "Old Chinese hanzi", "Old Chinese lemmas", "Old Chinese nouns", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries"], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "Han pictograms"}, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize"}, {"args": {"1": "p"}, "expansion": "Pictogram (象形)", "name": "liushu"}, {"args": {"1": "柯"}, "expansion": "柯 (OC *kaːl)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "斤"}, "expansion": "斤 (jīn)", "name": "zh-l"}, {"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "Han pictograms"}, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize"}, {"args": {"1": "p"}, "expansion": "Pictogram (象形)", "name": "liushu"}, {"args": {"1": "杖"}, "expansion": "杖 (OC *daŋʔ)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "考"}, "expansion": "考 (OC *kʰluːʔ)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "于"}, "expansion": "于 (OC *ɢʷa)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "𠃑", "2": "一"}, "expansion": "𠃑 + 一", "name": "Han compound"}], "etymology_text": "Conflation of several characters:\n# Pictogram (象形) - axe handle; original character of 柯 (OC *kaːl) (漢語多功能字庫). Compare 斤 (jīn) which is a pictogram for the full axe.\n# Pictogram (象形) - cane; original character of 杖 (OC *daŋʔ) (李春桃.甲骨文中的“丂”字新釋.甲骨文與殷商史(新十輯),2020:253-264.)\n# Simplified from 考 (OC *kʰluːʔ), which is ideogrammic compound with cane (see above) as a component.\n# Variant of 于 (OC *ɢʷa) (exhaled air or an ancient wind instrument).\nThe definition of ‘appearance of air that is to be released’ is provided by Shuowen (treated as 𠃑 + 一) as an origin of the glyph, however this remains doubtful to modern linguists.", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "hanzi"}, "expansion": "丂", "name": "head"}], "lang": "Chinese", "lang_code": "zh", "pos": "character", "senses": [{"categories": ["Chinese terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["the appearance of air which is to be released"], "links": [["appearance", "appearance"], ["air", "air"], ["release", "release"]], "qualifier": "historical dictionaries only", "raw_glosses": ["(historical dictionaries only) the appearance of air which is to be released"]}], "sounds": [{"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "kǎo"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "kao³"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "bopomofo"], "zh-pron": "ㄎㄠˇ"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "haau²"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su", "Sixian"], "zh-pron": "kháu"}, {"tags": ["Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "kǎo"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Tongyong-Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "kǎo"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Wade-Giles"], "zh-pron": "kʻao³"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "kǎu"}, {"tags": ["Gwoyeu-Romatsyh", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "kao"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "као"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "kao"}, {"ipa": "/kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴/", "tags": ["Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "haau²"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "háau"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "haau²"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangdong-Romanization", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong"], "zh-pron": "hao²"}, {"ipa": "/haːu̯³⁵/", "tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su"], "zh-pron": "kháu"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Hakka-Romanization-System"], "zh-pron": "kau^ˋ"}, {"tags": ["Hagfa-Pinyim", "Hakka"], "zh-pron": "kau³"}, {"ipa": "/kʰau̯³¹/", "tags": ["Hakka", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Middle-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "khawX"}, {"tags": ["Baxter-Sagart", "Old-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "/*C.qʰˤuʔ/"}, {"tags": ["Old-Chinese", "Zhengzhang"], "zh-pron": "/*kʰluːʔ/"}, {"ipa": "/kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/haːu̯³⁵/"}, {"ipa": "/kʰau̯³¹/"}, {"other": "/*C.qʰˤuʔ/"}, {"other": "/*kʰluːʔ/"}], "wikipedia": ["Shuowen"], "word": "丂"}
丂 (Chinese character) 丂/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Old-Chinese not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Chinese entries with incorrect language header", "Chinese hanzi", "Chinese lemmas", "Chinese nouns", "Chinese terms spelled with 丂", "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation", "Middle Chinese hanzi", "Middle Chinese lemmas", "Middle Chinese nouns", "Old Chinese hanzi", "Old Chinese lemmas", "Old Chinese nouns", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries"], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "Han pictograms"}, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize"}, {"args": {"1": "p"}, "expansion": "Pictogram (象形)", "name": "liushu"}, {"args": {"1": "柯"}, "expansion": "柯 (OC *kaːl)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "斤"}, "expansion": "斤 (jīn)", "name": "zh-l"}, {"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "Han pictograms"}, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize"}, {"args": {"1": "p"}, "expansion": "Pictogram (象形)", "name": "liushu"}, {"args": {"1": "杖"}, "expansion": "杖 (OC *daŋʔ)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "考"}, "expansion": "考 (OC *kʰluːʔ)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "于"}, "expansion": "于 (OC *ɢʷa)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "𠃑", "2": "一"}, "expansion": "𠃑 + 一", "name": "Han compound"}], "etymology_text": "Conflation of several characters:\n# Pictogram (象形) - axe handle; original character of 柯 (OC *kaːl) (漢語多功能字庫). Compare 斤 (jīn) which is a pictogram for the full axe.\n# Pictogram (象形) - cane; original character of 杖 (OC *daŋʔ) (李春桃.甲骨文中的“丂”字新釋.甲骨文與殷商史(新十輯),2020:253-264.)\n# Simplified from 考 (OC *kʰluːʔ), which is ideogrammic compound with cane (see above) as a component.\n# Variant of 于 (OC *ɢʷa) (exhaled air or an ancient wind instrument).\nThe definition of ‘appearance of air that is to be released’ is provided by Shuowen (treated as 𠃑 + 一) as an origin of the glyph, however this remains doubtful to modern linguists.", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "hanzi"}, "expansion": "丂", "name": "head"}], "lang": "Chinese", "lang_code": "zh", "pos": "character", "senses": [{"categories": ["Chinese terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["the appearance of air which is to be released"], "links": [["appearance", "appearance"], ["air", "air"], ["release", "release"]], "qualifier": "historical dictionaries only", "raw_glosses": ["(historical dictionaries only) the appearance of air which is to be released"]}], "sounds": [{"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "kǎo"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "kao³"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "bopomofo"], "zh-pron": "ㄎㄠˇ"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "haau²"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su", "Sixian"], "zh-pron": "kháu"}, {"tags": ["Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "kǎo"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Tongyong-Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "kǎo"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Wade-Giles"], "zh-pron": "kʻao³"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "kǎu"}, {"tags": ["Gwoyeu-Romatsyh", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "kao"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "као"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "kao"}, {"ipa": "/kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴/", "tags": ["Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "haau²"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "háau"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "haau²"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangdong-Romanization", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong"], "zh-pron": "hao²"}, {"ipa": "/haːu̯³⁵/", "tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su"], "zh-pron": "kháu"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Hakka-Romanization-System"], "zh-pron": "kau^ˋ"}, {"tags": ["Hagfa-Pinyim", "Hakka"], "zh-pron": "kau³"}, {"ipa": "/kʰau̯³¹/", "tags": ["Hakka", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Middle-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "khawX"}, {"tags": ["Baxter-Sagart", "Old-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "/*C.qʰˤuʔ/"}, {"tags": ["Old-Chinese", "Zhengzhang"], "zh-pron": "/*kʰluːʔ/"}, {"ipa": "/kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/haːu̯³⁵/"}, {"ipa": "/kʰau̯³¹/"}, {"other": "/*C.qʰˤuʔ/"}, {"other": "/*kʰluːʔ/"}], "wikipedia": ["Shuowen"], "word": "丂"}
丂 (Chinese character) 丂/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Baxter-Sagart not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Chinese entries with incorrect language header", "Chinese hanzi", "Chinese lemmas", "Chinese nouns", "Chinese terms spelled with 丂", "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation", "Middle Chinese hanzi", "Middle Chinese lemmas", "Middle Chinese nouns", "Old Chinese hanzi", "Old Chinese lemmas", "Old Chinese nouns", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries"], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "Han pictograms"}, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize"}, {"args": {"1": "p"}, "expansion": "Pictogram (象形)", "name": "liushu"}, {"args": {"1": "柯"}, "expansion": "柯 (OC *kaːl)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "斤"}, "expansion": "斤 (jīn)", "name": "zh-l"}, {"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "Han pictograms"}, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize"}, {"args": {"1": "p"}, "expansion": "Pictogram (象形)", "name": "liushu"}, {"args": {"1": "杖"}, "expansion": "杖 (OC *daŋʔ)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "考"}, "expansion": "考 (OC *kʰluːʔ)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "于"}, "expansion": "于 (OC *ɢʷa)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "𠃑", "2": "一"}, "expansion": "𠃑 + 一", "name": "Han compound"}], "etymology_text": "Conflation of several characters:\n# Pictogram (象形) - axe handle; original character of 柯 (OC *kaːl) (漢語多功能字庫). Compare 斤 (jīn) which is a pictogram for the full axe.\n# Pictogram (象形) - cane; original character of 杖 (OC *daŋʔ) (李春桃.甲骨文中的“丂”字新釋.甲骨文與殷商史(新十輯),2020:253-264.)\n# Simplified from 考 (OC *kʰluːʔ), which is ideogrammic compound with cane (see above) as a component.\n# Variant of 于 (OC *ɢʷa) (exhaled air or an ancient wind instrument).\nThe definition of ‘appearance of air that is to be released’ is provided by Shuowen (treated as 𠃑 + 一) as an origin of the glyph, however this remains doubtful to modern linguists.", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "hanzi"}, "expansion": "丂", "name": "head"}], "lang": "Chinese", "lang_code": "zh", "pos": "character", "senses": [{"categories": ["Chinese terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["the appearance of air which is to be released"], "links": [["appearance", "appearance"], ["air", "air"], ["release", "release"]], "qualifier": "historical dictionaries only", "raw_glosses": ["(historical dictionaries only) the appearance of air which is to be released"]}], "sounds": [{"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "kǎo"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "kao³"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "bopomofo"], "zh-pron": "ㄎㄠˇ"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "haau²"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su", "Sixian"], "zh-pron": "kháu"}, {"tags": ["Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "kǎo"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Tongyong-Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "kǎo"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Wade-Giles"], "zh-pron": "kʻao³"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "kǎu"}, {"tags": ["Gwoyeu-Romatsyh", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "kao"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "као"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "kao"}, {"ipa": "/kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴/", "tags": ["Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "haau²"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "háau"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "haau²"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangdong-Romanization", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong"], "zh-pron": "hao²"}, {"ipa": "/haːu̯³⁵/", "tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su"], "zh-pron": "kháu"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Hakka-Romanization-System"], "zh-pron": "kau^ˋ"}, {"tags": ["Hagfa-Pinyim", "Hakka"], "zh-pron": "kau³"}, {"ipa": "/kʰau̯³¹/", "tags": ["Hakka", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Middle-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "khawX"}, {"tags": ["Baxter-Sagart", "Old-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "/*C.qʰˤuʔ/"}, {"tags": ["Old-Chinese", "Zhengzhang"], "zh-pron": "/*kʰluːʔ/"}, {"ipa": "/kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/haːu̯³⁵/"}, {"ipa": "/kʰau̯³¹/"}, {"other": "/*C.qʰˤuʔ/"}, {"other": "/*kʰluːʔ/"}], "wikipedia": ["Shuowen"], "word": "丂"}
丂 (Chinese character) 丂/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Hanyu-Pinyin not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Chinese entries with incorrect language header", "Chinese hanzi", "Chinese lemmas", "Chinese nouns", "Chinese terms spelled with 丂", "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation", "Middle Chinese hanzi", "Middle Chinese lemmas", "Middle Chinese nouns", "Old Chinese hanzi", "Old Chinese lemmas", "Old Chinese nouns", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries"], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "Han pictograms"}, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize"}, {"args": {"1": "p"}, "expansion": "Pictogram (象形)", "name": "liushu"}, {"args": {"1": "柯"}, "expansion": "柯 (OC *kaːl)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "斤"}, "expansion": "斤 (jīn)", "name": "zh-l"}, {"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "Han pictograms"}, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize"}, {"args": {"1": "p"}, "expansion": "Pictogram (象形)", "name": "liushu"}, {"args": {"1": "杖"}, "expansion": "杖 (OC *daŋʔ)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "考"}, "expansion": "考 (OC *kʰluːʔ)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "于"}, "expansion": "于 (OC *ɢʷa)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "𠃑", "2": "一"}, "expansion": "𠃑 + 一", "name": "Han compound"}], "etymology_text": "Conflation of several characters:\n# Pictogram (象形) - axe handle; original character of 柯 (OC *kaːl) (漢語多功能字庫). Compare 斤 (jīn) which is a pictogram for the full axe.\n# Pictogram (象形) - cane; original character of 杖 (OC *daŋʔ) (李春桃.甲骨文中的“丂”字新釋.甲骨文與殷商史(新十輯),2020:253-264.)\n# Simplified from 考 (OC *kʰluːʔ), which is ideogrammic compound with cane (see above) as a component.\n# Variant of 于 (OC *ɢʷa) (exhaled air or an ancient wind instrument).\nThe definition of ‘appearance of air that is to be released’ is provided by Shuowen (treated as 𠃑 + 一) as an origin of the glyph, however this remains doubtful to modern linguists.", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "hanzi"}, "expansion": "丂", "name": "head"}], "lang": "Chinese", "lang_code": "zh", "pos": "character", "senses": [{"categories": ["Chinese terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["the appearance of air which is to be released"], "links": [["appearance", "appearance"], ["air", "air"], ["release", "release"]], "qualifier": "historical dictionaries only", "raw_glosses": ["(historical dictionaries only) the appearance of air which is to be released"]}], "sounds": [{"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "kǎo"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "kao³"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "bopomofo"], "zh-pron": "ㄎㄠˇ"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "haau²"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su", "Sixian"], "zh-pron": "kháu"}, {"tags": ["Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "kǎo"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Tongyong-Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "kǎo"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Wade-Giles"], "zh-pron": "kʻao³"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "kǎu"}, {"tags": ["Gwoyeu-Romatsyh", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "kao"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "као"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "kao"}, {"ipa": "/kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴/", "tags": ["Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "haau²"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "háau"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "haau²"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangdong-Romanization", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong"], "zh-pron": "hao²"}, {"ipa": "/haːu̯³⁵/", "tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su"], "zh-pron": "kháu"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Hakka-Romanization-System"], "zh-pron": "kau^ˋ"}, {"tags": ["Hagfa-Pinyim", "Hakka"], "zh-pron": "kau³"}, {"ipa": "/kʰau̯³¹/", "tags": ["Hakka", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Middle-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "khawX"}, {"tags": ["Baxter-Sagart", "Old-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "/*C.qʰˤuʔ/"}, {"tags": ["Old-Chinese", "Zhengzhang"], "zh-pron": "/*kʰluːʔ/"}, {"ipa": "/kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/haːu̯³⁵/"}, {"ipa": "/kʰau̯³¹/"}, {"other": "/*C.qʰˤuʔ/"}, {"other": "/*kʰluːʔ/"}], "wikipedia": ["Shuowen"], "word": "丂"}
丂 (Chinese character) 丂/Chinese/character: invalid uppercase tag Middle-Chinese not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["Chinese entries with incorrect language header", "Chinese hanzi", "Chinese lemmas", "Chinese nouns", "Chinese terms spelled with 丂", "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation", "Middle Chinese hanzi", "Middle Chinese lemmas", "Middle Chinese nouns", "Old Chinese hanzi", "Old Chinese lemmas", "Old Chinese nouns", "Pages with 5 entries", "Pages with entries"], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "Han pictograms"}, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize"}, {"args": {"1": "p"}, "expansion": "Pictogram (象形)", "name": "liushu"}, {"args": {"1": "柯"}, "expansion": "柯 (OC *kaːl)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "斤"}, "expansion": "斤 (jīn)", "name": "zh-l"}, {"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "Han pictograms"}, "expansion": "", "name": "categorize"}, {"args": {"1": "p"}, "expansion": "Pictogram (象形)", "name": "liushu"}, {"args": {"1": "杖"}, "expansion": "杖 (OC *daŋʔ)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "考"}, "expansion": "考 (OC *kʰluːʔ)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "于"}, "expansion": "于 (OC *ɢʷa)", "name": "och-l"}, {"args": {"1": "𠃑", "2": "一"}, "expansion": "𠃑 + 一", "name": "Han compound"}], "etymology_text": "Conflation of several characters:\n# Pictogram (象形) - axe handle; original character of 柯 (OC *kaːl) (漢語多功能字庫). Compare 斤 (jīn) which is a pictogram for the full axe.\n# Pictogram (象形) - cane; original character of 杖 (OC *daŋʔ) (李春桃.甲骨文中的“丂”字新釋.甲骨文與殷商史(新十輯),2020:253-264.)\n# Simplified from 考 (OC *kʰluːʔ), which is ideogrammic compound with cane (see above) as a component.\n# Variant of 于 (OC *ɢʷa) (exhaled air or an ancient wind instrument).\nThe definition of ‘appearance of air that is to be released’ is provided by Shuowen (treated as 𠃑 + 一) as an origin of the glyph, however this remains doubtful to modern linguists.", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "zh", "2": "hanzi"}, "expansion": "丂", "name": "head"}], "lang": "Chinese", "lang_code": "zh", "pos": "character", "senses": [{"categories": ["Chinese terms with obsolete senses"], "glosses": ["the appearance of air which is to be released"], "links": [["appearance", "appearance"], ["air", "air"], ["release", "release"]], "qualifier": "historical dictionaries only", "raw_glosses": ["(historical dictionaries only) the appearance of air which is to be released"]}], "sounds": [{"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "kǎo"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "kao³"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "bopomofo"], "zh-pron": "ㄎㄠˇ"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "haau²"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su", "Sixian"], "zh-pron": "kháu"}, {"tags": ["Hanyu-Pinyin", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "kǎo"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Tongyong-Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "kǎo"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Wade-Giles"], "zh-pron": "kʻao³"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "kǎu"}, {"tags": ["Gwoyeu-Romatsyh", "Mandarin"], "zh-pron": "kao"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "као"}, {"tags": ["Mandarin", "Palladius"], "zh-pron": "kao"}, {"ipa": "/kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴/", "tags": ["Mandarin", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Jyutping"], "zh-pron": "haau²"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Yale"], "zh-pron": "háau"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Pinyin"], "zh-pron": "haau²"}, {"tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangdong-Romanization", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong"], "zh-pron": "hao²"}, {"ipa": "/haːu̯³⁵/", "tags": ["Cantonese", "Guangzhou", "Hong-Kong", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Phak-fa-su"], "zh-pron": "kháu"}, {"tags": ["Hakka", "Hakka-Romanization-System"], "zh-pron": "kau^ˋ"}, {"tags": ["Hagfa-Pinyim", "Hakka"], "zh-pron": "kau³"}, {"ipa": "/kʰau̯³¹/", "tags": ["Hakka", "Sinological-IPA"]}, {"tags": ["Middle-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "khawX"}, {"tags": ["Baxter-Sagart", "Old-Chinese"], "zh-pron": "/*C.qʰˤuʔ/"}, {"tags": ["Old-Chinese", "Zhengzhang"], "zh-pron": "/*kʰluːʔ/"}, {"ipa": "/kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴/"}, {"ipa": "/haːu̯³⁵/"}, {"ipa": "/kʰau̯³¹/"}, {"other": "/*C.qʰˤuʔ/"}, {"other": "/*kʰluːʔ/"}], "wikipedia": ["Shuowen"], "word": "丂"}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (1c4b89b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.