before (English adv) before/English/adv: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English adverbs", "English conjunctions", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English prepositions", "English sequence adverbs", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English uncomparable adverbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Requests for native script for Manchu terms", "Requests for review of Breton translations", "Requests for review of Ido translations", "Requests for review of Indonesian translations", "Requests for review of Interlingua translations", "Requests for review of Irish translations", "Requests for review of Manchu translations", "Requests for review of Old English translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)/2 syllables", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Ashkun translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dhivehi translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hausa translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ingrian translations", "Terms with Ingush translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kamkata-viri translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Kikai translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kunigami translations", "Terms with Ladin translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Low German translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maore Comorian translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Maranao translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Miyako translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Northern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Okinawan translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Old Irish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Pijin translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Southern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Southern Ohlone translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tokunoshima translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Waigali translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yaeyama translations", "Terms with Yonaguni translations", "Terms with Yoron translations", "en:Time"], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "Inherited"}, "expansion": "Inherited", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore", "4": "", "5": "", "g": "", "g2": "", "g3": "", "id": "", "lit": "", "nocat": "", "pos": "", "sc": "", "sort": "", "tr": "", "ts": ""}, "expansion": "Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore"}, "expansion": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh+"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "beforan"}, "expansion": "Old English beforan", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*furai"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *furai", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*per-", "4": "", "5": "front"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "befoar", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds-de", "2": "bevör", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German Low German bevör (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "bevor", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German bevor (“before”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore, from Old English beforan, from be- + foran (“before”), from fore, from Proto-Germanic *furai, from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”), German Low German bevör (“before”), German bevor (“before”).", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "-"}, "expansion": "before (not comparable)", "name": "en-adv"}], "hyphenation": ["be‧fore"], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adv", "senses": [{"antonyms": [{"word": "after"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "I've never done this before.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "This achievement far exceeded anything that had come before.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:", "text": "All this was extraordinarily distasteful to Churchill. It was ugly, gross. Never before had he felt such repulsion when the vicar displayed his characteristic bluntness or coarseness of speech. In the present connexion—or rather as a transition from the subject that started their conversation—such talk had been distressingly out of place.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["At an earlier time."], "synonyms": [{"word": "previously"}], "tags": ["not-comparable"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "We walked behind while they went before.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["In advance in position or sequence; ahead."], "raw_glosses": ["(chiefly literary or poetic) In advance in position or sequence; ahead."], "synonyms": [{"word": "ahead"}], "tags": ["literary", "not-comparable", "poetic"]}, {"antonyms": [{"word": "behind"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with uncommon senses", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1896, Hilaire Belloc, “The Elephant”, in The Bad Child’s Book of Beasts:", "text": "When people call this beast to mind,\nThey marvel more and more\nAt such a little tail behind,\nSo LARGE a trunk before.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["At the front end."], "raw_glosses": ["(uncommon) At the front end."], "synonyms": [{"word": "in front"}], "tags": ["not-comparable", "uncommon"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "bĭfôʹ", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfɔː/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "bəfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bēfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bəˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/biˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfōrʹ", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfo(ː)ɹ/", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoə/", "note": "non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"audio": "en-us-before.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg/En-us-before.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)"}], "synonyms": [{"word": "befo"}, {"english": "African-American Vernacular", "tags": ["pronunciation-spelling"], "word": "befo'"}, {"word": "b4"}, {"tags": ["Internet"], "word": "be4"}], "translations": [{"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙaǰ", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "առաջ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "naxkinum", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "նախկինում"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "ancʻyalum", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "անցյալում"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "qabaq"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "qabaqlar"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "əvvəl"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "əvvəllər"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predi", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "преди"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "abans"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "yǐqián", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "以前"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "aldında"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "før"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "tidligere"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "voordien"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "eerder"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "voorheen"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "vroeger"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "antaŭe"}, {"code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "fyrr"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "aikaisemmin"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "tags": ["colloquial"], "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "adre", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ადრე"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "uc̣in", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "უწინ"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣inad", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "წინად"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "zuvor"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "vorher"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lifnéi", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "לפני"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "fyrr"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "dahulu"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ennemoin"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "cheana"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "roimhe sin"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "prima"}, {"alt": "いぜん", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "izen", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "以前"}, {"alt": "まえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "mae ni", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "前に"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "mun", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "មុន"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "pii mun", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ពីមុន"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "jeone", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "전에"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "lemewpêş", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "لەمەوپێش"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "anteā"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "før"}, {"code": "oc", "lang": "Occitan", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "abans"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "antes"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "înainte"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "ránʹše", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ра́ньше"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "ráneje", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ра́нее"}, {"code": "sa", "lang": "Sanskrit", "roman": "purā", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "पुरा"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "roimhe"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "prije"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "pre"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "predtým"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "prej"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "kabla"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "awali"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "förr"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "förut"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "tidigare"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "mʉ̂ʉa-gɔ̀ɔn", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "เมื่อก่อน"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "gɔ̀ɔn", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ก่อน"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "raníše", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "рані́ше"}, {"code": "vec", "lang": "Venetan", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "avanti"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "trước đây"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "divant"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "o'r blaen"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "gynt"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ynghynt"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predvaritelno", "sense": "in advance", "word": "предварително"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "in advance", "word": "davant"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "forud"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in advance", "word": "op voorhand"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in advance", "word": "vooraf"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "in advance", "word": "antaŭe"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "aiemmin"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "etukäteen"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "manamde", "sense": "in advance", "word": "მანამდე"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in advance", "word": "eher"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in advance", "word": "im Voraus"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "in advance", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "in advance", "word": "fyrirfram"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "miri", "sense": "in advance", "word": "미리"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "in advance", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "in advance", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in advance", "word": "primeiro"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "in advance", "word": "în avans"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zaráneje", "sense": "in advance", "word": "зара́нее"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in advance", "word": "unaprijed"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in advance", "word": "unapred"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "före"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "zazdalehídʹ", "sense": "in advance", "word": "заздалегі́дь"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in advance", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in advance", "word": "đằng trước"}, {"code": "ce", "lang": "Chechen", "roman": "ḥʳalxa", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "хьалха"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "antaŭe"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "vorn"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "vorne"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "elöl"}, {"code": "inh", "lang": "Ingush", "roman": "ḥʳalxa", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "хьалха"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munnil", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "മുന്നിൽ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpil", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "മുമ്പിൽ"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "prězy"}], "word": "before"}
before (English adv) before/English/adv: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English adverbs", "English conjunctions", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English prepositions", "English sequence adverbs", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English uncomparable adverbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Requests for native script for Manchu terms", "Requests for review of Breton translations", "Requests for review of Ido translations", "Requests for review of Indonesian translations", "Requests for review of Interlingua translations", "Requests for review of Irish translations", "Requests for review of Manchu translations", "Requests for review of Old English translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)/2 syllables", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Ashkun translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dhivehi translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hausa translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ingrian translations", "Terms with Ingush translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kamkata-viri translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Kikai translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kunigami translations", "Terms with Ladin translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Low German translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maore Comorian translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Maranao translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Miyako translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Northern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Okinawan translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Old Irish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Pijin translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Southern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Southern Ohlone translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tokunoshima translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Waigali translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yaeyama translations", "Terms with Yonaguni translations", "Terms with Yoron translations", "en:Time"], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "Inherited"}, "expansion": "Inherited", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore", "4": "", "5": "", "g": "", "g2": "", "g3": "", "id": "", "lit": "", "nocat": "", "pos": "", "sc": "", "sort": "", "tr": "", "ts": ""}, "expansion": "Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore"}, "expansion": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh+"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "beforan"}, "expansion": "Old English beforan", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*furai"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *furai", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*per-", "4": "", "5": "front"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "befoar", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds-de", "2": "bevör", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German Low German bevör (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "bevor", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German bevor (“before”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore, from Old English beforan, from be- + foran (“before”), from fore, from Proto-Germanic *furai, from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”), German Low German bevör (“before”), German bevor (“before”).", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "-"}, "expansion": "before (not comparable)", "name": "en-adv"}], "hyphenation": ["be‧fore"], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adv", "senses": [{"antonyms": [{"word": "after"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "I've never done this before.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "This achievement far exceeded anything that had come before.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:", "text": "All this was extraordinarily distasteful to Churchill. It was ugly, gross. Never before had he felt such repulsion when the vicar displayed his characteristic bluntness or coarseness of speech. In the present connexion—or rather as a transition from the subject that started their conversation—such talk had been distressingly out of place.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["At an earlier time."], "synonyms": [{"word": "previously"}], "tags": ["not-comparable"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "We walked behind while they went before.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["In advance in position or sequence; ahead."], "raw_glosses": ["(chiefly literary or poetic) In advance in position or sequence; ahead."], "synonyms": [{"word": "ahead"}], "tags": ["literary", "not-comparable", "poetic"]}, {"antonyms": [{"word": "behind"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with uncommon senses", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1896, Hilaire Belloc, “The Elephant”, in The Bad Child’s Book of Beasts:", "text": "When people call this beast to mind,\nThey marvel more and more\nAt such a little tail behind,\nSo LARGE a trunk before.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["At the front end."], "raw_glosses": ["(uncommon) At the front end."], "synonyms": [{"word": "in front"}], "tags": ["not-comparable", "uncommon"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "bĭfôʹ", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfɔː/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "bəfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bēfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bəˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/biˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfōrʹ", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfo(ː)ɹ/", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoə/", "note": "non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"audio": "en-us-before.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg/En-us-before.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)"}], "synonyms": [{"word": "befo"}, {"english": "African-American Vernacular", "tags": ["pronunciation-spelling"], "word": "befo'"}, {"word": "b4"}, {"tags": ["Internet"], "word": "be4"}], "translations": [{"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙaǰ", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "առաջ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "naxkinum", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "նախկինում"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "ancʻyalum", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "անցյալում"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "qabaq"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "qabaqlar"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "əvvəl"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "əvvəllər"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predi", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "преди"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "abans"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "yǐqián", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "以前"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "aldında"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "før"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "tidligere"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "voordien"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "eerder"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "voorheen"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "vroeger"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "antaŭe"}, {"code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "fyrr"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "aikaisemmin"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "tags": ["colloquial"], "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "adre", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ადრე"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "uc̣in", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "უწინ"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣inad", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "წინად"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "zuvor"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "vorher"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lifnéi", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "לפני"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "fyrr"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "dahulu"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ennemoin"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "cheana"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "roimhe sin"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "prima"}, {"alt": "いぜん", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "izen", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "以前"}, {"alt": "まえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "mae ni", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "前に"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "mun", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "មុន"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "pii mun", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ពីមុន"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "jeone", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "전에"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "lemewpêş", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "لەمەوپێش"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "anteā"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "før"}, {"code": "oc", "lang": "Occitan", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "abans"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "antes"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "înainte"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "ránʹše", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ра́ньше"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "ráneje", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ра́нее"}, {"code": "sa", "lang": "Sanskrit", "roman": "purā", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "पुरा"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "roimhe"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "prije"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "pre"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "predtým"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "prej"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "kabla"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "awali"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "förr"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "förut"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "tidigare"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "mʉ̂ʉa-gɔ̀ɔn", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "เมื่อก่อน"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "gɔ̀ɔn", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ก่อน"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "raníše", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "рані́ше"}, {"code": "vec", "lang": "Venetan", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "avanti"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "trước đây"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "divant"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "o'r blaen"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "gynt"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ynghynt"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predvaritelno", "sense": "in advance", "word": "предварително"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "in advance", "word": "davant"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "forud"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in advance", "word": "op voorhand"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in advance", "word": "vooraf"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "in advance", "word": "antaŭe"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "aiemmin"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "etukäteen"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "manamde", "sense": "in advance", "word": "მანამდე"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in advance", "word": "eher"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in advance", "word": "im Voraus"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "in advance", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "in advance", "word": "fyrirfram"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "miri", "sense": "in advance", "word": "미리"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "in advance", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "in advance", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in advance", "word": "primeiro"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "in advance", "word": "în avans"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zaráneje", "sense": "in advance", "word": "зара́нее"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in advance", "word": "unaprijed"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in advance", "word": "unapred"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "före"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "zazdalehídʹ", "sense": "in advance", "word": "заздалегі́дь"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in advance", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in advance", "word": "đằng trước"}, {"code": "ce", "lang": "Chechen", "roman": "ḥʳalxa", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "хьалха"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "antaŭe"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "vorn"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "vorne"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "elöl"}, {"code": "inh", "lang": "Ingush", "roman": "ḥʳalxa", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "хьалха"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munnil", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "മുന്നിൽ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpil", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "മുമ്പിൽ"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "prězy"}], "word": "before"}
before (English adv) before/English/adv: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English adverbs", "English conjunctions", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English prepositions", "English sequence adverbs", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English uncomparable adverbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Requests for native script for Manchu terms", "Requests for review of Breton translations", "Requests for review of Ido translations", "Requests for review of Indonesian translations", "Requests for review of Interlingua translations", "Requests for review of Irish translations", "Requests for review of Manchu translations", "Requests for review of Old English translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)/2 syllables", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Ashkun translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dhivehi translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hausa translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ingrian translations", "Terms with Ingush translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kamkata-viri translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Kikai translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kunigami translations", "Terms with Ladin translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Low German translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maore Comorian translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Maranao translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Miyako translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Northern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Okinawan translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Old Irish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Pijin translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Southern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Southern Ohlone translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tokunoshima translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Waigali translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yaeyama translations", "Terms with Yonaguni translations", "Terms with Yoron translations", "en:Time"], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "Inherited"}, "expansion": "Inherited", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore", "4": "", "5": "", "g": "", "g2": "", "g3": "", "id": "", "lit": "", "nocat": "", "pos": "", "sc": "", "sort": "", "tr": "", "ts": ""}, "expansion": "Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore"}, "expansion": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh+"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "beforan"}, "expansion": "Old English beforan", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*furai"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *furai", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*per-", "4": "", "5": "front"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "befoar", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds-de", "2": "bevör", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German Low German bevör (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "bevor", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German bevor (“before”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore, from Old English beforan, from be- + foran (“before”), from fore, from Proto-Germanic *furai, from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”), German Low German bevör (“before”), German bevor (“before”).", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "-"}, "expansion": "before (not comparable)", "name": "en-adv"}], "hyphenation": ["be‧fore"], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adv", "senses": [{"antonyms": [{"word": "after"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "I've never done this before.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "This achievement far exceeded anything that had come before.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:", "text": "All this was extraordinarily distasteful to Churchill. It was ugly, gross. Never before had he felt such repulsion when the vicar displayed his characteristic bluntness or coarseness of speech. In the present connexion—or rather as a transition from the subject that started their conversation—such talk had been distressingly out of place.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["At an earlier time."], "synonyms": [{"word": "previously"}], "tags": ["not-comparable"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "We walked behind while they went before.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["In advance in position or sequence; ahead."], "raw_glosses": ["(chiefly literary or poetic) In advance in position or sequence; ahead."], "synonyms": [{"word": "ahead"}], "tags": ["literary", "not-comparable", "poetic"]}, {"antonyms": [{"word": "behind"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with uncommon senses", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1896, Hilaire Belloc, “The Elephant”, in The Bad Child’s Book of Beasts:", "text": "When people call this beast to mind,\nThey marvel more and more\nAt such a little tail behind,\nSo LARGE a trunk before.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["At the front end."], "raw_glosses": ["(uncommon) At the front end."], "synonyms": [{"word": "in front"}], "tags": ["not-comparable", "uncommon"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "bĭfôʹ", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfɔː/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "bəfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bēfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bəˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/biˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfōrʹ", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfo(ː)ɹ/", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoə/", "note": "non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"audio": "en-us-before.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg/En-us-before.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)"}], "synonyms": [{"word": "befo"}, {"english": "African-American Vernacular", "tags": ["pronunciation-spelling"], "word": "befo'"}, {"word": "b4"}, {"tags": ["Internet"], "word": "be4"}], "translations": [{"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙaǰ", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "առաջ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "naxkinum", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "նախկինում"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "ancʻyalum", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "անցյալում"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "qabaq"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "qabaqlar"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "əvvəl"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "əvvəllər"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predi", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "преди"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "abans"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "yǐqián", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "以前"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "aldında"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "før"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "tidligere"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "voordien"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "eerder"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "voorheen"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "vroeger"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "antaŭe"}, {"code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "fyrr"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "aikaisemmin"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "tags": ["colloquial"], "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "adre", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ადრე"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "uc̣in", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "უწინ"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣inad", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "წინად"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "zuvor"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "vorher"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lifnéi", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "לפני"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "fyrr"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "dahulu"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ennemoin"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "cheana"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "roimhe sin"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "prima"}, {"alt": "いぜん", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "izen", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "以前"}, {"alt": "まえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "mae ni", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "前に"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "mun", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "មុន"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "pii mun", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ពីមុន"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "jeone", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "전에"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "lemewpêş", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "لەمەوپێش"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "anteā"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "før"}, {"code": "oc", "lang": "Occitan", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "abans"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "antes"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "înainte"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "ránʹše", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ра́ньше"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "ráneje", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ра́нее"}, {"code": "sa", "lang": "Sanskrit", "roman": "purā", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "पुरा"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "roimhe"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "prije"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "pre"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "predtým"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "prej"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "kabla"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "awali"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "förr"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "förut"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "tidigare"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "mʉ̂ʉa-gɔ̀ɔn", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "เมื่อก่อน"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "gɔ̀ɔn", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ก่อน"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "raníše", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "рані́ше"}, {"code": "vec", "lang": "Venetan", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "avanti"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "trước đây"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "divant"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "o'r blaen"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "gynt"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ynghynt"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predvaritelno", "sense": "in advance", "word": "предварително"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "in advance", "word": "davant"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "forud"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in advance", "word": "op voorhand"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in advance", "word": "vooraf"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "in advance", "word": "antaŭe"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "aiemmin"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "etukäteen"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "manamde", "sense": "in advance", "word": "მანამდე"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in advance", "word": "eher"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in advance", "word": "im Voraus"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "in advance", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "in advance", "word": "fyrirfram"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "miri", "sense": "in advance", "word": "미리"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "in advance", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "in advance", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in advance", "word": "primeiro"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "in advance", "word": "în avans"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zaráneje", "sense": "in advance", "word": "зара́нее"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in advance", "word": "unaprijed"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in advance", "word": "unapred"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "före"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "zazdalehídʹ", "sense": "in advance", "word": "заздалегі́дь"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in advance", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in advance", "word": "đằng trước"}, {"code": "ce", "lang": "Chechen", "roman": "ḥʳalxa", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "хьалха"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "antaŭe"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "vorn"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "vorne"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "elöl"}, {"code": "inh", "lang": "Ingush", "roman": "ḥʳalxa", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "хьалха"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munnil", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "മുന്നിൽ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpil", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "മുമ്പിൽ"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "prězy"}], "word": "before"}
before (English adv) before/English/adv: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English adverbs", "English conjunctions", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English prepositions", "English sequence adverbs", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English uncomparable adverbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Requests for native script for Manchu terms", "Requests for review of Breton translations", "Requests for review of Ido translations", "Requests for review of Indonesian translations", "Requests for review of Interlingua translations", "Requests for review of Irish translations", "Requests for review of Manchu translations", "Requests for review of Old English translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)/2 syllables", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Ashkun translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dhivehi translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hausa translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ingrian translations", "Terms with Ingush translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kamkata-viri translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Kikai translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kunigami translations", "Terms with Ladin translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Low German translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maore Comorian translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Maranao translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Miyako translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Northern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Okinawan translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Old Irish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Pijin translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Southern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Southern Ohlone translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tokunoshima translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Waigali translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yaeyama translations", "Terms with Yonaguni translations", "Terms with Yoron translations", "en:Time"], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "Inherited"}, "expansion": "Inherited", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore", "4": "", "5": "", "g": "", "g2": "", "g3": "", "id": "", "lit": "", "nocat": "", "pos": "", "sc": "", "sort": "", "tr": "", "ts": ""}, "expansion": "Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore"}, "expansion": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh+"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "beforan"}, "expansion": "Old English beforan", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*furai"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *furai", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*per-", "4": "", "5": "front"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "befoar", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds-de", "2": "bevör", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German Low German bevör (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "bevor", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German bevor (“before”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore, from Old English beforan, from be- + foran (“before”), from fore, from Proto-Germanic *furai, from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”), German Low German bevör (“before”), German bevor (“before”).", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "-"}, "expansion": "before (not comparable)", "name": "en-adv"}], "hyphenation": ["be‧fore"], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adv", "senses": [{"antonyms": [{"word": "after"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "I've never done this before.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "This achievement far exceeded anything that had come before.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:", "text": "All this was extraordinarily distasteful to Churchill. It was ugly, gross. Never before had he felt such repulsion when the vicar displayed his characteristic bluntness or coarseness of speech. In the present connexion—or rather as a transition from the subject that started their conversation—such talk had been distressingly out of place.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["At an earlier time."], "synonyms": [{"word": "previously"}], "tags": ["not-comparable"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "We walked behind while they went before.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["In advance in position or sequence; ahead."], "raw_glosses": ["(chiefly literary or poetic) In advance in position or sequence; ahead."], "synonyms": [{"word": "ahead"}], "tags": ["literary", "not-comparable", "poetic"]}, {"antonyms": [{"word": "behind"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with uncommon senses", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1896, Hilaire Belloc, “The Elephant”, in The Bad Child’s Book of Beasts:", "text": "When people call this beast to mind,\nThey marvel more and more\nAt such a little tail behind,\nSo LARGE a trunk before.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["At the front end."], "raw_glosses": ["(uncommon) At the front end."], "synonyms": [{"word": "in front"}], "tags": ["not-comparable", "uncommon"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "bĭfôʹ", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfɔː/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "bəfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bēfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bəˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/biˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfōrʹ", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfo(ː)ɹ/", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoə/", "note": "non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"audio": "en-us-before.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg/En-us-before.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)"}], "synonyms": [{"word": "befo"}, {"english": "African-American Vernacular", "tags": ["pronunciation-spelling"], "word": "befo'"}, {"word": "b4"}, {"tags": ["Internet"], "word": "be4"}], "translations": [{"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙaǰ", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "առաջ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "naxkinum", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "նախկինում"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "ancʻyalum", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "անցյալում"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "qabaq"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "qabaqlar"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "əvvəl"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "əvvəllər"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predi", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "преди"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "abans"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "yǐqián", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "以前"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "aldında"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "før"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "tidligere"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "voordien"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "eerder"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "voorheen"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "vroeger"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "antaŭe"}, {"code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "fyrr"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "aikaisemmin"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "tags": ["colloquial"], "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "adre", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ადრე"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "uc̣in", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "უწინ"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣inad", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "წინად"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "zuvor"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "vorher"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lifnéi", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "לפני"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "fyrr"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "dahulu"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ennemoin"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "cheana"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "roimhe sin"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "prima"}, {"alt": "いぜん", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "izen", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "以前"}, {"alt": "まえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "mae ni", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "前に"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "mun", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "មុន"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "pii mun", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ពីមុន"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "jeone", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "전에"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "lemewpêş", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "لەمەوپێش"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "anteā"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "før"}, {"code": "oc", "lang": "Occitan", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "abans"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "antes"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "înainte"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "ránʹše", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ра́ньше"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "ráneje", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ра́нее"}, {"code": "sa", "lang": "Sanskrit", "roman": "purā", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "पुरा"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "roimhe"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "prije"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "pre"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "predtým"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "prej"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "kabla"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "awali"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "förr"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "förut"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "tidigare"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "mʉ̂ʉa-gɔ̀ɔn", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "เมื่อก่อน"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "gɔ̀ɔn", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ก่อน"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "raníše", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "рані́ше"}, {"code": "vec", "lang": "Venetan", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "avanti"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "trước đây"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "divant"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "o'r blaen"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "gynt"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ynghynt"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predvaritelno", "sense": "in advance", "word": "предварително"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "in advance", "word": "davant"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "forud"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in advance", "word": "op voorhand"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in advance", "word": "vooraf"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "in advance", "word": "antaŭe"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "aiemmin"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "etukäteen"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "manamde", "sense": "in advance", "word": "მანამდე"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in advance", "word": "eher"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in advance", "word": "im Voraus"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "in advance", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "in advance", "word": "fyrirfram"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "miri", "sense": "in advance", "word": "미리"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "in advance", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "in advance", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in advance", "word": "primeiro"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "in advance", "word": "în avans"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zaráneje", "sense": "in advance", "word": "зара́нее"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in advance", "word": "unaprijed"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in advance", "word": "unapred"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "före"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "zazdalehídʹ", "sense": "in advance", "word": "заздалегі́дь"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in advance", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in advance", "word": "đằng trước"}, {"code": "ce", "lang": "Chechen", "roman": "ḥʳalxa", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "хьалха"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "antaŭe"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "vorn"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "vorne"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "elöl"}, {"code": "inh", "lang": "Ingush", "roman": "ḥʳalxa", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "хьалха"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munnil", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "മുന്നിൽ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpil", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "മുമ്പിൽ"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "prězy"}], "word": "before"}
before (English adv) before/English/adv: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English adverbs", "English conjunctions", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English prepositions", "English sequence adverbs", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English uncomparable adverbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Requests for native script for Manchu terms", "Requests for review of Breton translations", "Requests for review of Ido translations", "Requests for review of Indonesian translations", "Requests for review of Interlingua translations", "Requests for review of Irish translations", "Requests for review of Manchu translations", "Requests for review of Old English translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)/2 syllables", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Ashkun translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dhivehi translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hausa translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ingrian translations", "Terms with Ingush translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kamkata-viri translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Kikai translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kunigami translations", "Terms with Ladin translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Low German translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maore Comorian translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Maranao translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Miyako translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Northern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Okinawan translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Old Irish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Pijin translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Southern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Southern Ohlone translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tokunoshima translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Waigali translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yaeyama translations", "Terms with Yonaguni translations", "Terms with Yoron translations", "en:Time"], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "Inherited"}, "expansion": "Inherited", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore", "4": "", "5": "", "g": "", "g2": "", "g3": "", "id": "", "lit": "", "nocat": "", "pos": "", "sc": "", "sort": "", "tr": "", "ts": ""}, "expansion": "Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore"}, "expansion": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh+"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "beforan"}, "expansion": "Old English beforan", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*furai"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *furai", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*per-", "4": "", "5": "front"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "befoar", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds-de", "2": "bevör", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German Low German bevör (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "bevor", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German bevor (“before”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore, from Old English beforan, from be- + foran (“before”), from fore, from Proto-Germanic *furai, from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”), German Low German bevör (“before”), German bevor (“before”).", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "-"}, "expansion": "before (not comparable)", "name": "en-adv"}], "hyphenation": ["be‧fore"], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adv", "senses": [{"antonyms": [{"word": "after"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "I've never done this before.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "This achievement far exceeded anything that had come before.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:", "text": "All this was extraordinarily distasteful to Churchill. It was ugly, gross. Never before had he felt such repulsion when the vicar displayed his characteristic bluntness or coarseness of speech. In the present connexion—or rather as a transition from the subject that started their conversation—such talk had been distressingly out of place.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["At an earlier time."], "synonyms": [{"word": "previously"}], "tags": ["not-comparable"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "We walked behind while they went before.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["In advance in position or sequence; ahead."], "raw_glosses": ["(chiefly literary or poetic) In advance in position or sequence; ahead."], "synonyms": [{"word": "ahead"}], "tags": ["literary", "not-comparable", "poetic"]}, {"antonyms": [{"word": "behind"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with uncommon senses", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1896, Hilaire Belloc, “The Elephant”, in The Bad Child’s Book of Beasts:", "text": "When people call this beast to mind,\nThey marvel more and more\nAt such a little tail behind,\nSo LARGE a trunk before.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["At the front end."], "raw_glosses": ["(uncommon) At the front end."], "synonyms": [{"word": "in front"}], "tags": ["not-comparable", "uncommon"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "bĭfôʹ", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfɔː/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "bəfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bēfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bəˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/biˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfōrʹ", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfo(ː)ɹ/", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoə/", "note": "non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"audio": "en-us-before.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg/En-us-before.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)"}], "synonyms": [{"word": "befo"}, {"english": "African-American Vernacular", "tags": ["pronunciation-spelling"], "word": "befo'"}, {"word": "b4"}, {"tags": ["Internet"], "word": "be4"}], "translations": [{"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙaǰ", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "առաջ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "naxkinum", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "նախկինում"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "ancʻyalum", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "անցյալում"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "qabaq"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "qabaqlar"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "əvvəl"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "əvvəllər"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predi", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "преди"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "abans"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "yǐqián", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "以前"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "aldında"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "før"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "tidligere"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "voordien"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "eerder"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "voorheen"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "vroeger"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "antaŭe"}, {"code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "fyrr"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "aikaisemmin"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "tags": ["colloquial"], "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "adre", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ადრე"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "uc̣in", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "უწინ"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣inad", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "წინად"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "zuvor"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "vorher"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lifnéi", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "לפני"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "fyrr"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "dahulu"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ennemoin"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "cheana"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "roimhe sin"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "prima"}, {"alt": "いぜん", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "izen", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "以前"}, {"alt": "まえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "mae ni", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "前に"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "mun", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "មុន"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "pii mun", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ពីមុន"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "jeone", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "전에"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "lemewpêş", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "لەمەوپێش"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "anteā"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "før"}, {"code": "oc", "lang": "Occitan", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "abans"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "antes"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "înainte"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "ránʹše", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ра́ньше"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "ráneje", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ра́нее"}, {"code": "sa", "lang": "Sanskrit", "roman": "purā", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "पुरा"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "roimhe"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "prije"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "pre"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "predtým"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "prej"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "kabla"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "awali"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "förr"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "förut"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "tidigare"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "mʉ̂ʉa-gɔ̀ɔn", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "เมื่อก่อน"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "gɔ̀ɔn", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ก่อน"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "raníše", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "рані́ше"}, {"code": "vec", "lang": "Venetan", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "avanti"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "trước đây"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "divant"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "o'r blaen"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "gynt"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ynghynt"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predvaritelno", "sense": "in advance", "word": "предварително"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "in advance", "word": "davant"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "forud"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in advance", "word": "op voorhand"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in advance", "word": "vooraf"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "in advance", "word": "antaŭe"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "aiemmin"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "etukäteen"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "manamde", "sense": "in advance", "word": "მანამდე"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in advance", "word": "eher"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in advance", "word": "im Voraus"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "in advance", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "in advance", "word": "fyrirfram"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "miri", "sense": "in advance", "word": "미리"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "in advance", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "in advance", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in advance", "word": "primeiro"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "in advance", "word": "în avans"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zaráneje", "sense": "in advance", "word": "зара́нее"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in advance", "word": "unaprijed"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in advance", "word": "unapred"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "före"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "zazdalehídʹ", "sense": "in advance", "word": "заздалегі́дь"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in advance", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in advance", "word": "đằng trước"}, {"code": "ce", "lang": "Chechen", "roman": "ḥʳalxa", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "хьалха"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "antaŭe"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "vorn"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "vorne"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "elöl"}, {"code": "inh", "lang": "Ingush", "roman": "ḥʳalxa", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "хьалха"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munnil", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "മുന്നിൽ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpil", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "മുമ്പിൽ"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "prězy"}], "word": "before"}
before (English adv) before/English/adv: invalid uppercase tag General-American not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English adverbs", "English conjunctions", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English prepositions", "English sequence adverbs", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English uncomparable adverbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Requests for native script for Manchu terms", "Requests for review of Breton translations", "Requests for review of Ido translations", "Requests for review of Indonesian translations", "Requests for review of Interlingua translations", "Requests for review of Irish translations", "Requests for review of Manchu translations", "Requests for review of Old English translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)/2 syllables", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Ashkun translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dhivehi translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hausa translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ingrian translations", "Terms with Ingush translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kamkata-viri translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Kikai translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kunigami translations", "Terms with Ladin translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Low German translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maore Comorian translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Maranao translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Miyako translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Northern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Okinawan translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Old Irish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Pijin translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Southern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Southern Ohlone translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tokunoshima translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Waigali translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yaeyama translations", "Terms with Yonaguni translations", "Terms with Yoron translations", "en:Time"], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "Inherited"}, "expansion": "Inherited", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore", "4": "", "5": "", "g": "", "g2": "", "g3": "", "id": "", "lit": "", "nocat": "", "pos": "", "sc": "", "sort": "", "tr": "", "ts": ""}, "expansion": "Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore"}, "expansion": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh+"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "beforan"}, "expansion": "Old English beforan", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*furai"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *furai", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*per-", "4": "", "5": "front"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "befoar", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds-de", "2": "bevör", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German Low German bevör (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "bevor", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German bevor (“before”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore, from Old English beforan, from be- + foran (“before”), from fore, from Proto-Germanic *furai, from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”), German Low German bevör (“before”), German bevor (“before”).", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "-"}, "expansion": "before (not comparable)", "name": "en-adv"}], "hyphenation": ["be‧fore"], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adv", "senses": [{"antonyms": [{"word": "after"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "I've never done this before.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "This achievement far exceeded anything that had come before.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:", "text": "All this was extraordinarily distasteful to Churchill. It was ugly, gross. Never before had he felt such repulsion when the vicar displayed his characteristic bluntness or coarseness of speech. In the present connexion—or rather as a transition from the subject that started their conversation—such talk had been distressingly out of place.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["At an earlier time."], "synonyms": [{"word": "previously"}], "tags": ["not-comparable"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "We walked behind while they went before.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["In advance in position or sequence; ahead."], "raw_glosses": ["(chiefly literary or poetic) In advance in position or sequence; ahead."], "synonyms": [{"word": "ahead"}], "tags": ["literary", "not-comparable", "poetic"]}, {"antonyms": [{"word": "behind"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with uncommon senses", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1896, Hilaire Belloc, “The Elephant”, in The Bad Child’s Book of Beasts:", "text": "When people call this beast to mind,\nThey marvel more and more\nAt such a little tail behind,\nSo LARGE a trunk before.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["At the front end."], "raw_glosses": ["(uncommon) At the front end."], "synonyms": [{"word": "in front"}], "tags": ["not-comparable", "uncommon"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "bĭfôʹ", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfɔː/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "bəfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bēfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bəˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/biˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfōrʹ", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfo(ː)ɹ/", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoə/", "note": "non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"audio": "en-us-before.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg/En-us-before.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)"}], "synonyms": [{"word": "befo"}, {"english": "African-American Vernacular", "tags": ["pronunciation-spelling"], "word": "befo'"}, {"word": "b4"}, {"tags": ["Internet"], "word": "be4"}], "translations": [{"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙaǰ", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "առաջ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "naxkinum", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "նախկինում"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "ancʻyalum", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "անցյալում"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "qabaq"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "qabaqlar"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "əvvəl"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "əvvəllər"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predi", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "преди"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "abans"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "yǐqián", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "以前"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "aldında"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "før"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "tidligere"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "voordien"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "eerder"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "voorheen"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "vroeger"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "antaŭe"}, {"code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "fyrr"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "aikaisemmin"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "tags": ["colloquial"], "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "adre", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ადრე"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "uc̣in", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "უწინ"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣inad", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "წინად"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "zuvor"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "vorher"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lifnéi", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "לפני"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "fyrr"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "dahulu"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ennemoin"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "cheana"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "roimhe sin"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "prima"}, {"alt": "いぜん", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "izen", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "以前"}, {"alt": "まえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "mae ni", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "前に"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "mun", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "មុន"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "pii mun", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ពីមុន"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "jeone", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "전에"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "lemewpêş", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "لەمەوپێش"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "anteā"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "før"}, {"code": "oc", "lang": "Occitan", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "abans"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "antes"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "înainte"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "ránʹše", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ра́ньше"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "ráneje", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ра́нее"}, {"code": "sa", "lang": "Sanskrit", "roman": "purā", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "पुरा"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "roimhe"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "prije"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "pre"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "predtým"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "prej"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "kabla"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "awali"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "förr"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "förut"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "tidigare"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "mʉ̂ʉa-gɔ̀ɔn", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "เมื่อก่อน"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "gɔ̀ɔn", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ก่อน"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "raníše", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "рані́ше"}, {"code": "vec", "lang": "Venetan", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "avanti"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "trước đây"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "divant"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "o'r blaen"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "gynt"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ynghynt"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predvaritelno", "sense": "in advance", "word": "предварително"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "in advance", "word": "davant"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "forud"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in advance", "word": "op voorhand"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in advance", "word": "vooraf"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "in advance", "word": "antaŭe"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "aiemmin"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "etukäteen"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "manamde", "sense": "in advance", "word": "მანამდე"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in advance", "word": "eher"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in advance", "word": "im Voraus"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "in advance", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "in advance", "word": "fyrirfram"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "miri", "sense": "in advance", "word": "미리"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "in advance", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "in advance", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in advance", "word": "primeiro"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "in advance", "word": "în avans"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zaráneje", "sense": "in advance", "word": "зара́нее"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in advance", "word": "unaprijed"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in advance", "word": "unapred"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "före"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "zazdalehídʹ", "sense": "in advance", "word": "заздалегі́дь"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in advance", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in advance", "word": "đằng trước"}, {"code": "ce", "lang": "Chechen", "roman": "ḥʳalxa", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "хьалха"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "antaŭe"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "vorn"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "vorne"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "elöl"}, {"code": "inh", "lang": "Ingush", "roman": "ḥʳalxa", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "хьалха"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munnil", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "മുന്നിൽ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpil", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "മുമ്പിൽ"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "prězy"}], "word": "before"}
before (English adv) before/English/adv: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English adverbs", "English conjunctions", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English prepositions", "English sequence adverbs", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English uncomparable adverbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Requests for native script for Manchu terms", "Requests for review of Breton translations", "Requests for review of Ido translations", "Requests for review of Indonesian translations", "Requests for review of Interlingua translations", "Requests for review of Irish translations", "Requests for review of Manchu translations", "Requests for review of Old English translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)/2 syllables", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Ashkun translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dhivehi translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hausa translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ingrian translations", "Terms with Ingush translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kamkata-viri translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Kikai translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kunigami translations", "Terms with Ladin translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Low German translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maore Comorian translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Maranao translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Miyako translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Northern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Okinawan translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Old Irish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Pijin translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Southern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Southern Ohlone translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tokunoshima translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Waigali translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yaeyama translations", "Terms with Yonaguni translations", "Terms with Yoron translations", "en:Time"], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "Inherited"}, "expansion": "Inherited", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore", "4": "", "5": "", "g": "", "g2": "", "g3": "", "id": "", "lit": "", "nocat": "", "pos": "", "sc": "", "sort": "", "tr": "", "ts": ""}, "expansion": "Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore"}, "expansion": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh+"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "beforan"}, "expansion": "Old English beforan", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*furai"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *furai", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*per-", "4": "", "5": "front"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "befoar", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds-de", "2": "bevör", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German Low German bevör (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "bevor", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German bevor (“before”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore, from Old English beforan, from be- + foran (“before”), from fore, from Proto-Germanic *furai, from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”), German Low German bevör (“before”), German bevor (“before”).", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "-"}, "expansion": "before (not comparable)", "name": "en-adv"}], "hyphenation": ["be‧fore"], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adv", "senses": [{"antonyms": [{"word": "after"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "I've never done this before.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "This achievement far exceeded anything that had come before.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:", "text": "All this was extraordinarily distasteful to Churchill. It was ugly, gross. Never before had he felt such repulsion when the vicar displayed his characteristic bluntness or coarseness of speech. In the present connexion—or rather as a transition from the subject that started their conversation—such talk had been distressingly out of place.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["At an earlier time."], "synonyms": [{"word": "previously"}], "tags": ["not-comparable"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "We walked behind while they went before.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["In advance in position or sequence; ahead."], "raw_glosses": ["(chiefly literary or poetic) In advance in position or sequence; ahead."], "synonyms": [{"word": "ahead"}], "tags": ["literary", "not-comparable", "poetic"]}, {"antonyms": [{"word": "behind"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with uncommon senses", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1896, Hilaire Belloc, “The Elephant”, in The Bad Child’s Book of Beasts:", "text": "When people call this beast to mind,\nThey marvel more and more\nAt such a little tail behind,\nSo LARGE a trunk before.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["At the front end."], "raw_glosses": ["(uncommon) At the front end."], "synonyms": [{"word": "in front"}], "tags": ["not-comparable", "uncommon"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "bĭfôʹ", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfɔː/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "bəfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bēfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bəˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/biˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfōrʹ", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfo(ː)ɹ/", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoə/", "note": "non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"audio": "en-us-before.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg/En-us-before.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)"}], "synonyms": [{"word": "befo"}, {"english": "African-American Vernacular", "tags": ["pronunciation-spelling"], "word": "befo'"}, {"word": "b4"}, {"tags": ["Internet"], "word": "be4"}], "translations": [{"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙaǰ", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "առաջ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "naxkinum", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "նախկինում"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "ancʻyalum", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "անցյալում"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "qabaq"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "qabaqlar"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "əvvəl"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "əvvəllər"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predi", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "преди"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "abans"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "yǐqián", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "以前"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "aldında"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "før"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "tidligere"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "voordien"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "eerder"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "voorheen"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "vroeger"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "antaŭe"}, {"code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "fyrr"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "aikaisemmin"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "tags": ["colloquial"], "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "adre", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ადრე"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "uc̣in", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "უწინ"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣inad", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "წინად"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "zuvor"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "vorher"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lifnéi", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "לפני"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "fyrr"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "dahulu"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ennemoin"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "cheana"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "roimhe sin"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "prima"}, {"alt": "いぜん", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "izen", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "以前"}, {"alt": "まえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "mae ni", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "前に"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "mun", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "មុន"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "pii mun", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ពីមុន"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "jeone", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "전에"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "lemewpêş", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "لەمەوپێش"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "anteā"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "før"}, {"code": "oc", "lang": "Occitan", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "abans"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "antes"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "înainte"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "ránʹše", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ра́ньше"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "ráneje", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ра́нее"}, {"code": "sa", "lang": "Sanskrit", "roman": "purā", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "पुरा"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "roimhe"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "prije"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "pre"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "predtým"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "prej"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "kabla"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "awali"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "förr"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "förut"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "tidigare"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "mʉ̂ʉa-gɔ̀ɔn", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "เมื่อก่อน"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "gɔ̀ɔn", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ก่อน"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "raníše", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "рані́ше"}, {"code": "vec", "lang": "Venetan", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "avanti"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "trước đây"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "divant"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "o'r blaen"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "gynt"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ynghynt"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predvaritelno", "sense": "in advance", "word": "предварително"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "in advance", "word": "davant"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "forud"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in advance", "word": "op voorhand"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in advance", "word": "vooraf"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "in advance", "word": "antaŭe"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "aiemmin"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "etukäteen"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "manamde", "sense": "in advance", "word": "მანამდე"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in advance", "word": "eher"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in advance", "word": "im Voraus"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "in advance", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "in advance", "word": "fyrirfram"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "miri", "sense": "in advance", "word": "미리"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "in advance", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "in advance", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in advance", "word": "primeiro"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "in advance", "word": "în avans"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zaráneje", "sense": "in advance", "word": "зара́нее"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in advance", "word": "unaprijed"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in advance", "word": "unapred"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "före"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "zazdalehídʹ", "sense": "in advance", "word": "заздалегі́дь"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in advance", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in advance", "word": "đằng trước"}, {"code": "ce", "lang": "Chechen", "roman": "ḥʳalxa", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "хьалха"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "antaŭe"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "vorn"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "vorne"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "elöl"}, {"code": "inh", "lang": "Ingush", "roman": "ḥʳalxa", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "хьалха"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munnil", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "മുന്നിൽ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpil", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "മുമ്പിൽ"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "prězy"}], "word": "before"}
before (English adv) before/English/adv: invalid uppercase tag Received-Pronunciation not in or uppercase_tags: {"categories": ["English adverbs", "English conjunctions", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English locatives", "English nouns", "English prepositions", "English sequence adverbs", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English uncomparable adverbs", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 1 entry", "Pages with entries", "Requests for native script for Manchu terms", "Requests for review of Breton translations", "Requests for review of Ido translations", "Requests for review of Indonesian translations", "Requests for review of Interlingua translations", "Requests for review of Irish translations", "Requests for review of Manchu translations", "Requests for review of Old English translations", "Requests for review of Spanish translations", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)", "Rhymes:English/ɔː(ɹ)/2 syllables", "Terms with Albanian translations", "Terms with Ancient Greek translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Aromanian translations", "Terms with Ashkun translations", "Terms with Azerbaijani translations", "Terms with Bashkir translations", "Terms with Basque translations", "Terms with Belarusian translations", "Terms with Breton translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Central Kurdish translations", "Terms with Chechen translations", "Terms with Cornish translations", "Terms with Crimean Tatar translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Danish translations", "Terms with Dhivehi translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Faroese translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Georgian translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Gothic translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hausa translations", "Terms with Hebrew translations", "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations", "Terms with Hindi translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Icelandic translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Indonesian translations", "Terms with Ingrian translations", "Terms with Ingush translations", "Terms with Interlingua translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Japanese translations", "Terms with Kamkata-viri translations", "Terms with Khmer translations", "Terms with Kikai translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Kunigami translations", "Terms with Ladin translations", "Terms with Latin translations", "Terms with Low German translations", "Terms with Lower Sorbian translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Malay translations", "Terms with Malayalam translations", "Terms with Maltese translations", "Terms with Manchu translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Maore Comorian translations", "Terms with Maori translations", "Terms with Maranao translations", "Terms with Marathi translations", "Terms with Miyako translations", "Terms with Mongolian translations", "Terms with Moroccan Arabic translations", "Terms with Norman translations", "Terms with Northern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Northern Kurdish translations", "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations", "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations", "Terms with Norwegian translations", "Terms with Occitan translations", "Terms with Okinawan translations", "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations", "Terms with Old English translations", "Terms with Old Irish translations", "Terms with Persian translations", "Terms with Pijin translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Romanian translations", "Terms with Romansch translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Sanskrit translations", "Terms with Scots translations", "Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations", "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations", "Terms with Sinhalese translations", "Terms with Slovak translations", "Terms with Slovene translations", "Terms with Southern Amami Ōshima translations", "Terms with Southern Ohlone translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swahili translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Telugu translations", "Terms with Thai translations", "Terms with Tokunoshima translations", "Terms with Turkish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "Terms with Urdu translations", "Terms with Venetan translations", "Terms with Vietnamese translations", "Terms with Waigali translations", "Terms with Walloon translations", "Terms with Welsh translations", "Terms with West Frisian translations", "Terms with Yaeyama translations", "Terms with Yonaguni translations", "Terms with Yoron translations", "en:Time"], "etymology_templates": [{"args": {"1": "Inherited"}, "expansion": "Inherited", "name": "glossary"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore", "4": "", "5": "", "g": "", "g2": "", "g3": "", "id": "", "lit": "", "nocat": "", "pos": "", "sc": "", "sort": "", "tr": "", "ts": ""}, "expansion": "Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "before//bifore"}, "expansion": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore", "name": "inh+"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "beforan"}, "expansion": "Old English beforan", "name": "inh"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*furai"}, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *furai", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*per-", "4": "", "5": "front"}, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”)", "name": "der"}, {"args": {"1": "stq", "2": "befoar", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "nds-de", "2": "bevör", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German Low German bevör (“before”)", "name": "cog"}, {"args": {"1": "de", "2": "bevor", "t": "before"}, "expansion": "German bevor (“before”)", "name": "cog"}], "etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English before /bifore, from Old English beforan, from be- + foran (“before”), from fore, from Proto-Germanic *furai, from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“front”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian befoar (“before”), German Low German bevör (“before”), German bevor (“before”).", "head_templates": [{"args": {"1": "-"}, "expansion": "before (not comparable)", "name": "en-adv"}], "hyphenation": ["be‧fore"], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adv", "senses": [{"antonyms": [{"word": "after"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "I've never done this before.", "type": "example"}, {"text": "This achievement far exceeded anything that had come before.", "type": "example"}, {"ref": "1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:", "text": "All this was extraordinarily distasteful to Churchill. It was ugly, gross. Never before had he felt such repulsion when the vicar displayed his characteristic bluntness or coarseness of speech. In the present connexion—or rather as a transition from the subject that started their conversation—such talk had been distressingly out of place.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["At an earlier time."], "synonyms": [{"word": "previously"}], "tags": ["not-comparable"]}, {"categories": ["English terms with usage examples"], "examples": [{"text": "We walked behind while they went before.", "type": "example"}], "glosses": ["In advance in position or sequence; ahead."], "raw_glosses": ["(chiefly literary or poetic) In advance in position or sequence; ahead."], "synonyms": [{"word": "ahead"}], "tags": ["literary", "not-comparable", "poetic"]}, {"antonyms": [{"word": "behind"}], "categories": ["English terms with quotations", "English terms with uncommon senses", "Quotation templates to be cleaned"], "examples": [{"ref": "1896, Hilaire Belloc, “The Elephant”, in The Bad Child’s Book of Beasts:", "text": "When people call this beast to mind,\nThey marvel more and more\nAt such a little tail behind,\nSo LARGE a trunk before.", "type": "quote"}], "glosses": ["At the front end."], "raw_glosses": ["(uncommon) At the front end."], "synonyms": [{"word": "in front"}], "tags": ["not-comparable", "uncommon"]}], "sounds": [{"enpr": "bĭfôʹ", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfɔː/", "tags": ["Received-Pronunciation"]}, {"enpr": "bəfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bēfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfôrʹ", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bəˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/biˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoɹ/", "tags": ["General-American"]}, {"enpr": "bĭfōrʹ", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfo(ː)ɹ/", "note": "rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"ipa": "/bɪˈfoə/", "note": "non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger"}, {"audio": "en-us-before.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg/En-us-before.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8e/En-us-before.ogg"}, {"rhymes": "-ɔː(ɹ)"}], "synonyms": [{"word": "befo"}, {"english": "African-American Vernacular", "tags": ["pronunciation-spelling"], "word": "befo'"}, {"word": "b4"}, {"tags": ["Internet"], "word": "be4"}], "translations": [{"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "aṙaǰ", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "առաջ"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "naxkinum", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "նախկինում"}, {"code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "ancʻyalum", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "անցյալում"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "qabaq"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "qabaqlar"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "əvvəl"}, {"code": "az", "lang": "Azerbaijani", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "əvvəllər"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predi", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "преди"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "abans"}, {"code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "roman": "yǐqián", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "以前"}, {"code": "crh", "lang": "Crimean Tatar", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "aldında"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "før"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "tidligere"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "voordien"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "eerder"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "voorheen"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "vroeger"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "antaŭe"}, {"code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "fo", "lang": "Faroese", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "fyrr"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "aikaisemmin"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "tags": ["colloquial"], "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "avant"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "adre", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ადრე"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "uc̣in", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "უწინ"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "c̣inad", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "წინად"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "zuvor"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "vorher"}, {"code": "he", "lang": "Hebrew", "roman": "lifnéi", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "לפני"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "fyrr"}, {"code": "id", "lang": "Indonesian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "dahulu"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ennen"}, {"code": "izh", "lang": "Ingrian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ennemoin"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "cheana"}, {"code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "roimhe sin"}, {"code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "prima"}, {"alt": "いぜん", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "izen", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "以前"}, {"alt": "まえに", "code": "ja", "lang": "Japanese", "roman": "mae ni", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "前に"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "mun", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "មុន"}, {"code": "km", "lang": "Khmer", "roman": "pii mun", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ពីមុន"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "jeone", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "전에"}, {"code": "ckb", "lang": "Central Kurdish", "roman": "lemewpêş", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "لەمەوپێش"}, {"code": "la", "lang": "Latin", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "anteā"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "no", "lang": "Norwegian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "før"}, {"code": "oc", "lang": "Occitan", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "abans"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "antes"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "înainte"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "ránʹše", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ра́ньше"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "ráneje", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ра́нее"}, {"code": "sa", "lang": "Sanskrit", "roman": "purā", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "पुरा"}, {"code": "gd", "lang": "Scottish Gaelic", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "roimhe"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "prije"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "pre"}, {"code": "sk", "lang": "Slovak", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "predtým"}, {"code": "sl", "lang": "Slovene", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "prej"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "kabla"}, {"code": "sw", "lang": "Swahili", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "awali"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "förr"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "förut"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "tidigare"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "mʉ̂ʉa-gɔ̀ɔn", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "เมื่อก่อน"}, {"code": "th", "lang": "Thai", "roman": "gɔ̀ɔn", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ก่อน"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "raníše", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "рані́ше"}, {"code": "vec", "lang": "Venetan", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "avanti"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "trước đây"}, {"code": "wa", "lang": "Walloon", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "divant"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "o'r blaen"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "gynt"}, {"code": "cy", "lang": "Welsh", "sense": "at an earlier time", "word": "ynghynt"}, {"code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "predvaritelno", "sense": "in advance", "word": "предварително"}, {"code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "in advance", "word": "davant"}, {"code": "da", "lang": "Danish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "forud"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in advance", "word": "op voorhand"}, {"code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "in advance", "word": "vooraf"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "in advance", "word": "antaŭe"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "aiemmin"}, {"code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "etukäteen"}, {"code": "ka", "lang": "Georgian", "roman": "manamde", "sense": "in advance", "word": "მანამდე"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in advance", "word": "eher"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "in advance", "word": "im Voraus"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "in advance", "word": "áður"}, {"code": "is", "lang": "Icelandic", "sense": "in advance", "word": "fyrirfram"}, {"code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "miri", "sense": "in advance", "word": "미리"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munne", "sense": "in advance", "word": "മുന്നെ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpŭ", "sense": "in advance", "word": "മുമ്പ്"}, {"code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "in advance", "word": "primeiro"}, {"code": "ro", "lang": "Romanian", "sense": "in advance", "word": "în avans"}, {"code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "zaráneje", "sense": "in advance", "word": "зара́нее"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in advance", "word": "unaprijed"}, {"code": "sh", "lang": "Serbo-Croatian", "sense": "in advance", "word": "unapred"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "framför"}, {"code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "in advance", "word": "före"}, {"code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "zazdalehídʹ", "sense": "in advance", "word": "заздалегі́дь"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in advance", "word": "trước"}, {"code": "vi", "lang": "Vietnamese", "sense": "in advance", "word": "đằng trước"}, {"code": "ce", "lang": "Chechen", "roman": "ḥʳalxa", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "хьалха"}, {"code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "antaŭe"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "vorn"}, {"code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "vorne"}, {"code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "elöl"}, {"code": "inh", "lang": "Ingush", "roman": "ḥʳalxa", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "хьалха"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "munnil", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "മുന്നിൽ"}, {"code": "ml", "lang": "Malayalam", "roman": "mumpil", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "മുമ്പിൽ"}, {"code": "dsb", "lang": "Lower Sorbian", "sense": "at the front end", "word": "prězy"}], "word": "before"}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (1c4b89b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.