/ˌnjuːmə.nəʊ.ʌl.tɹə.maɪ.kɹəʊˌskɒ.pɪkˌsɪ.lɪ.kəʊ.vɒl.keɪ.nəʊ.kəʊ.niˈəʊ.sɪs/

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *plew-
Proto-Indo-European *-mṓ
Proto-Indo-European *pléwmō
Ancient Greek πλεύμων (pleúmōn)
Proto-Indo-European *pnew-
Ancient Greek πνέω (pnéō)influ.
Proto-Indo-European *pnew-
Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥
Proto-Indo-European *pnéwmn̥
Ancient Greek πνεῦμα (pneûma)influ.
Ancient Greek πνεύμων (pneúmōn)bor.
English pneumono-
Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-
Latin ūls
Proto-Indo-European *-teros?
Latin -ter
Latin -ā
Latin ultrālbor.
English ultra-
Proto-Indo-European *mey-der.?
Ancient Greek μῑκρός (mīkrós)
Proto-Indo-European *speḱ-
Proto-Indo-European *-yeti
Proto-Indo-European *spéḱyeti
Proto-Hellenic *sképťomai
Ancient Greek σκέπτομαι (sképtomai)
Proto-Hellenic *-os
Ancient Greek -ος (-os)
Ancient Greek -ός (-ós)
Ancient Greek σκοπός (skopós)
Proto-Indo-European *-eti
Proto-Indo-European *-eyéti
Proto-Indo-European *-esyéti
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti
Proto-Indo-European *-yeti
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti
Proto-Indo-European *-yeti
Proto-Indo-European *-éyeti
Ancient Greek -έω (-éō)
Ancient Greek σκοπέω (skopéō)
Proto-Indo-European *-yós
Old Latin -ios
Latin -ius
Latin -ium
Latin mīcroscopiumlbor.
Italian microscopiobor.
English microscope
Proto-Italic *-kos
Latin -cus
Latin -icuslbor.
Old French -iquebor.
Middle English -ik
English -ic
English microscopic
English silico-
English volcano
English coniosis
English pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis
Coined by Everett Monroe Smith (1894–1964), President of the National Puzzlers' League, at their convention in 1935 as a deliberately long word. From pneumono- (“lung”) + ultra- (“beyond”) + microscopic + silico- + volcano + coniosis (“dust”), as an extension of the medical term pneumonoconiosis.

af

Call it miner's asthma, silicosis, pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis, coal workers' pneumoconiosis, or black lung—they are all dust diseases with the same symptoms.

1980 March, Lorin E. Kerr, “Black Lung”, in Journal of Public Health Policy, volume 1, number 1, →JSTOR, page 50:

I say that it must be the silica dust
That we breathed through our mouths and our noses
That brought pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis.

1998 August 27, Smokey, “Lament for a Lung Disease”, in talk.bizarre (Usenet), message-ID <6s3r8o$brt$1@camel15.mindspring.com>:

It's either pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis, or a bad cough.

2002 December 18, Pod, “Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis”, in alt.fan.scarecrow (Usenet), message-ID <iHSL9.2091$h43.295898@stones>:

I still can't watch House M.D. and not have my mind wonder[…] Even I can fear of^([sic]) having Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis after watching it.

2011 April 28, Kurt D. Stradtman, Am I the Person My Mother Warned Me About?: A Four-year College Experience ... Only the Good Parts, Xlibris, →ISBN, →LCCN, page 90:

Regarding the lack of funding and attention do you agree that there should be parity of esteem between mental conditions such as body dysmorphia and physical conditions such as pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis.

2017 July 31, Michael Bryan, quotee, “Boy, 16, uses 'longest word' in Parliament”, in BBC News, archived from the original on 2017-08-03:

(nonce word) A disease of the lungs, allegedly caused by inhaling microscopic silicate particles originating from the eruption of a volcano.


AA

en-noun

AA (countable and uncountable, plural AAs)

(pathology) Initialism of acute appendicitis.

(pathology) Initialism of allergic asthma.

The existence of many autoimmune concurrent diseases supports that AA is an autoimmune disease. […] The incidence of type I diabetes in AA is intriguing; it is decreased in AA patients and increased in their relatives.

2012, Yoshihiro Kuwano, Manabu Fujimoto, “Alopecia areata and chemokine”, in Victor R. Preedy, editor, Handbook of Hair in Health and Disease, Wageningen Academic Publishers, →ISBN, page 203:

(pathology) Initialism of alopecia areata.

anaplastic astrocytoma
w:anaplastic astrocytoma

(pathology) Initialism of anaplastic astrocytoma.

This issue of Circulation has an interesting contribution from Reed et al,¹ who advance the point of view that aortic aneurysms (AAs) are “caused” by atherosclerosis. […] The authors propose two arguments in support of a “causal” relation between atherosclerotic risk factors and the development of AAs.

1992 January 1, M. David Tilson, “Aortic Aneurysms and Atherosclerosis”, in Circulation, volume 85, number 1, →DOI, page 378:

(pathology) Initialism of aortic aneurysm.

Aplastic anemia (AA) secondary to radiotherapy presents a difficult situation in the treatment of both the malignant tumor and AA itself. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of avatrombopag (AVA), a thrombopoietin receptor agonist, in patients with AA secondary to chemoradiotherapy.

2023 January, Yarong Chi, Qinglin Hu, Chen Yang, Miao Chen, Bing Han, “Avatrombopag is effective in patients with chemoradiotherapy-induced aplastic anemia: a single-center, retrospective study”, in Experimental Hematology, volume 117, →DOI, page 62:

(pathology) Initialism of aplastic anemia.


AIDS

→ Albanian: AIDS, aids

→ Czech: AIDS

→ Finnish: AIDS

→ Hindi: एड्स (eḍs), एड्ज़ (eḍz)

→ Hungarian: AIDS

→ Japanese: AIDS (AIDS)

→ Latvian: AIDS

→ Portuguese: AIDS

→ Swedish: aids

→ Telugu: ఎయిడ్స్ (eyiḍs)

desc

→ Urdu: ایڈس, ایڈز

→ Urdu: ایڈس, ایڈز

→ Yoruba: éèdì

Patients with AIDS become highly susceptible to infection by intracellular microbes normally contained by T cells (Fig. 4.8).

2007, Clinical Pathology, →ISBN, page 50:

acquired immune deficiency syndrome#English

(pathology, acronym) Acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

Vigs

acquired immune deficiency syndrome — see also acquired immune deficiency syndrome

atsʼíís yichʼą́ą́h naabaahii bąąh dah hazʼą́ yileehgo


AIDS

AIDS-ek (plural)
AIDS (nominative singular)
AIDS-ek (nominative plural)
AIDS-et (accusative singular)
AIDS-eket (accusative plural)
AIDS-nek (dative singular)
AIDS-eknek (dative plural)
AIDS-szel (instrumental singular)
AIDS-ekkel (instrumental plural)
AIDS-ért (causal-final singular)
AIDS-ekért (causal-final plural)
AIDS-szé (singular translative)
AIDS-ekké (plural translative)
AIDS-ig (singular terminative)
AIDS-ekig (plural terminative)
AIDS-ként (essive-formal singular)
AIDS-ekként (essive-formal plural)
AIDS-ben (inessive singular)
AIDS-ekben (inessive plural)
AIDS-en (singular superessive)
AIDS-eken (plural superessive)
AIDS-nél (adessive singular)
AIDS-eknél (adessive plural)
AIDS-be (illative singular)
AIDS-ekbe (illative plural)
AIDS-re (singular sublative)
AIDS-ekre (plural sublative)
AIDS-hez (allative singular)
AIDS-ekhez (allative plural)
AIDS-ből (elative singular)
AIDS-ekből (elative plural)
AIDS-ről (delative singular)
AIDS-ekről (delative plural)
AIDS-től (ablative singular)
AIDS-ektől (ablative plural)
AIDS-é (singular)
AIDS-eké (plural)
AIDS-éi (singular)
AIDS-ekéi (plural)
AIDS-em (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
AIDS-eim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
AIDS-ed (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
AIDS-eid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
AIDS-e (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
AIDS-ei (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
AIDS-ünk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
AIDS-eink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
AIDS-etek (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
AIDS-eitek (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
AIDS-ük (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
AIDS-eik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

From English AIDS, initialism of acquired immune deficiency syndrome.


AIDS

Unadapted borrowing from English AIDS, an acronym of acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

(pathology) AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome)


AIDS

後天性免疫不全症候群 後天性免疫不全症候群#Japanese

Synonym of 後天性免疫不全症候群 (kōtensei men'eki fuzen shōkōgun, “acquired immune deficiency syndrome”); AIDS


AIDS

pt-noun

AIDS f (usually uncountable, plural AIDS)

[ˈaɪ̯.d͡ʒiʃ]

(Brazil, pathology) AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome)


disease

en-noun

disease (countable and uncountable, plural diseases)

diseases (plural)
dis-ease (alternative)

From Middle English disese, from Anglo-Norman desese, disaise, from Old French desaise, from des- + aise. Displaced native Middle English adle, audle (“disease”) (from Old English ādl (“disease, sickness”), see adle), Middle English cothe, coathe (“disease”) (from Old English coþu (“disease”), see coath). By surface analysis, dis- + ease.

cog

See Wikipedia at Category:Diseases and disorders

Central Mississippi River Valley disease

National Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Surveillance Unit

neuronal intermediate filament inclusion disease

calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease

The tomato plants had some kind of disease that left their leaves splotchy and fruit withered.

[…] diſeaſes deſperate growne,
 By deſperate appliance are releeued,
 Or not at all.

c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii], page 272, column 2:

The instability, injustice, and confusion, introduced into the public councils, have, in truth, been the mortal diseases under which popular governments have every where perished; […]

November 22, 1787, James Madison Jr., Federalist No. 10

Of all the queer collections of humans outside of a crazy asylum, it seemed to me this sanitarium was the cup winner. […] When you're well enough off so's you don't have to fret about anything but your heft or your diseases you begin to get queer, I suppose.

1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter V, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y., London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:

[…] the awfully hearty sort of Christmas cards that people do send to other people that they don't know at all well. You know. The kind that have mottoes […] And then, when you see [the senders], you probably find that they are the most melancholy old folk with malignant diseases.

1922, Ben Travers, chapter 1, in A Cuckoo in the Nest, →OL:

Conditions were horrendous aboard most British naval vessels at the time. Scurvy and other diseases ran rampant, killing more seamen each year than all other causes combined, including combat.

2012 March 7, William E. Carter, Merri Sue Carter, “The British Longitude Act Reconsidered”, in American Scientist, volume 100, number 2, page 87:

(medicine) An abnormal condition of a human, animal or plant that causes discomfort or dysfunction; distinct from injury insofar as the latter is usually instantaneously acquired.

siekte

an abnormal condition of the body causing discomfort or dysfunction


HIV

ja-noun

HIV(エイチアイブイ) or HIV(エッチアイブイ) • (eichiaibui or etchiaibui)

HIV (canonical)
HIV (canonical)
eichiaibui (romanization)
etchiaibui (romanization)

人免疫不全ウイルス 人免疫不全ウイルス#Japanese

human immunodeficiency virus
human immunodeficiency virus#English

Synonym of 人免疫不全ウイルス (hito men'eki fuzen uirusu, “human immunodeficiency virus”); HIV


black

en-adj

black (comparative blacker or more black, superlative blackest or most black)

blacker (comparative)
more black (comparative)
blackest (superlative)
most black (superlative)
blacke (alternative)
Black (alternative)
blk (alternative)
blak (alternative)

Bislama: blak

Sranan Tongo: blaka

Aukan: baaka

→ Caribbean Hindustani: blaaka

Tok Pisin: blak

Torres Strait Creole: blaik

→ Dutch: black

→ French: black

→ Greek: μπλάκης (blákis)

From Middle English blak, black, blake, from Old English blæc (“black, dark", also "ink”), from Proto-West Germanic *blak, from Proto-Germanic *blakaz (“burnt”) (compare Dutch blaken (“to burn”), Low German blak, black (“blackness, black paint, (black) ink”), Old High German blah (“black”)), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleg- (“to burn, shine”) (compare Latin flagrāre (“to burn”), Ancient Greek φλόξ (phlóx, “flame”), Sanskrit भर्ग (bharga, “radiance”)).
Sense 20 is a semantic loan from Cantonese 黑面 (hak1 min6, “to pull a long face, to scowl”).

sort

of coffee or tea, without milk or other whitener

Then trip him, that his heeles may kicke at Heauen, / And that his Soule may be as damn'd aud blacke / As Hell, whereto it goes.

c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iii], page 270, column 2:


black

en-noun

black (countable and uncountable, plural blacks)

blacks (plural)
blacke (alternative)
Black (alternative)
blk (alternative)
blak (alternative)

→ Japanese: ブラック (burakku)

→ Volapük: bläg

(countable, informal) Short for blackcurrant.

(chiefly UK) Blackcurrant as syrup or crème de cassis used for cocktails.


pip

From Middle English pippe, from Middle Dutch pip, from post-classical Latin pipita, from Latin pītuīta (“mucus, phlegm, head cold”). Doublet of pituita.

der

Any of various respiratory diseases in birds, especially infectious coryza.

1912, D. H. Lawrence, letter to Edward Garnett
I've got the pip horribly at present.

Fer, as the poit sez, me 'eart 'as got / The pip wiv yearnin' fer - I dunno wot.

1915, C.J. Dennis, The Songs of the Sentimental Bloke, published 1916, page 13:

With this deal Uncle Tom's got on with Homer Cream, it would be fatal to risk giving [Mrs Cream] the pip in any way.

1960, P. G. Wodehouse, Jeeves in the Offing, chapter IV:

So sorry that you caught the pip
On our most recent northward trip
But you'll be better soon I'm hopin'
Cause with the mornings I'm not copin'
Some nerve. Tell those nasty viruses to Bug off!

1980 August 16, “Mousie Mousie Wildflower (personal advertisement)”, in Gay Community News, volume 8, number 5, page 22:

“I frankly couldn't give a cat's knuckle about Gizmo. I mean, he's just kind of this fluttering lickspittle that is always bouncing about, always behind Nandor. But Nandor likes him.” “Oh, shut up, Colin Robinson. You're giving me the pip.”

2021 September 2, Paul Simms, “The Prisoner” (1:11 from the start), in What We Do in the Shadows, season 3, episode 1, spoken by Laszlo Cravensworth (Matt Berry):

(humorous, dated) Of humans, a disease, malaise or depression.


stye

First recorded in the 17th century; probably a back-formation from Middle English styanye (first recorded in the 15th century), which in turn comes from Old English stīgend (“a small tumour on the edge of the eyelid, stye”), from the verb stīgan (“to climb, ascend, rise”) + Middle English eie (“eye”). Equivalent to sty + eye.

have a stye

suffer from a stye

(pathology) A bacterial infection in the eyelash or eyelid.

ulcior

bacterial infection of the eyelash or eyelid


stye

Alternative form of sty (“shelter for pigs”)


lupus

Borrowed from Latin lupus. Doublet of the inherited llop.


lupus

Borrowed from Latin lupus. Doublet of lovo and the inherited lupo.


lupus

Borrowed from Latin lupus. Doublet of lobo.


gripe

Borrowed from French grippe, from gripper (“to seize”), of Germanic origin.

Tengo la gripe.


MC

en-noun

MC (countable and uncountable, plural MCs or MC's)


TB

TB (countable and uncountable, plural TBs)

(military, nautical) Initialism of torpedo boat.

(military, aviation) Initialism of torpedo bomber.

(military, aviation) Initialism of trainer bomber (“a bomber that also serves as a trainer aircraft”).


PBB

(pathology) Initialism of persisterande bakteriell bronkit (“protracted bacterial bronchitis”).


蛇

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (蛇):
* → Japanese: 蛇(じゃ) (ja); 蛇(だ) (da)
* → Okinawan: 蛇(じゃー) (jā)
* → Korean: 사(蛇) (sa)
* → Vietnamese: xà (蛇)

Wutunhua: shai

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *l̥ʰaːl, *ɦljaːl, *lal): semantic 虫 + phonetic 它 (OC *l̥ʰaːl). 它 was also the original pictographic form of this character.
Unclear. Various theories have been proposed:
* Starostin sets up Proto-Sino-Tibetan *lăj (“snake”), comparing this with Mizo hlai-ba (“a species of snake”) and Jingpho palai (“a species of iguana”). He also compares it to Proto-Kam-Sui *dzuːi² (“snake”). Schuessler (2007) considers these Tibeto-Burman forms to be unrelated.
* Matisoff (2003) relates it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-b/m-ruːl (“snake”), but this comparison is no longer held in STEDT.
* Sagart (2005) relates it to Proto-Loloish *lay¹/² (“python”), which STEDT derives from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-lja(ŋ/k) (“python”), as well as Proto-Austronesian *bulay (“snake”). Comparison with the Austronesian form has been challenged by Orlandi (2018).
* Schuessler (2007) notes similarity to Proto-Hlai *ljaːɦ (“snake”) (from Pre-Hlai *Cilaːɦ) as well as to Austronesian words, such as Rade ala (“snake”), but considers the Kra-Dai forms to be possible borrowings from Chinese. (He does not seem to address the Austronesian forms directly.) In his view, a more likely relationship is with the /-lé/ in Khmer រលេ (rɔlei, “sinuously, in a twisting or wiggling manner (as a snake swimming)”). In Old Chinese, this also provides the second syllable in 委蛇 (OC *qrol lal, “winding; compliant; graceful”). 蛇 (“the winding thing”) is then a euphemism for common Sino-Tibetan 虺 (OC *hŋlulʔ, “snake”) for taboo reasons.
* Zhengzhang (2011) relates it to Proto-Austronesian *SulaR (“snake”).

och-l

它
虵
𢕷
𣙛
𤜣
𥝀
𧉮

生蛇 [Cantonese] ― saang¹ se⁴ [Jyutping] ― to have shingles

蛇針／蛇针 [Cantonese] ― se⁴ zam¹ [Jyutping] ― shingles vaccine

(regional, pathology) herpes zoster; shingles


down

down (nominative singular)
downa (genitive singular)
downowi (dative singular)
downa (accusative singular)
downem (instrumental singular)
downie (locative singular)
downie (singular vocative)

Named after British physician John Langdon Down.

named-after

(informal, neurology) Down syndrome (genetic disorder caused by the presence of all or part of a third copy of chromosome 21 (a chromosomal excess), whereby the patients typically have a delay in cognitive ability and physical growth, as well as a small head and tilted eyelids)


Down syndrome

Named after John Langdon Haydon Down (1828–1896), an English physician who first described the condition as a distinct form of mental disability in the 1860s.

(neurology, medical genetics) A genetic disorder caused by the presence of all or part of a third copy of chromosome 21 (a chromosomal excess), whereby the patients typically have a delay in cognitive ability and physical growth, as well as a small head and tilted eyelids.

مُتَلَازِمَة دَاوْن

genetic disorder caused by a chromosomal excess

唐氏綜合症 /唐氏综合症

tong⁴ si⁶ zung³ hap⁶ zing³, tong⁴ si⁶ zung¹ hap⁶ zing³


cloth

clothes (plural)
close (plural)
clothe (alternative)
clooth (alternative)
clath (alternative)
clathe (alternative)
cloþ (alternative)
cloþe (alternative)
clooþ (alternative)
claþ (alternative)
claþe (alternative)
cloð (alternative)
clað (alternative)
kloth (alternative)
klathe (alternative)
clotȝ (alternative)
cloyth (alternative)
kloyt (alternative)

English: cloth

Scots: clath, clathe, claith

From Old English clāþ, from Proto-Germanic *klaiþą.

(Late Middle English, rare) An illness or medical condition evident from boils.


mildew

→ Catalan: míldiu

→ French: mildiou

→ Portuguese: míldio

→ Spanish: mildiu

From Middle English myldew, from Old English meledēaw, mildēaw, from Proto-West Germanic *milidauw, from *mili (“honey”) + *dauw (“dew”). Compare West Frisian moaldau, Dutch meeldauw, German Mehltau. More at dew.

(phytopathology) A growth of minute powdery or webby fungi, whitish or of different colors, found on various diseased or decaying substances.


偞

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *leb, *hleːb): semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 枼 (OC *leb).

Han compound

(historical dictionaries only, pathology) mild; not severe


淋

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ɡ·rɯm, *ɡ·rɯms): semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 林 (OC *ɡ·rɯm).
Related to 霖 (OC *ɡ·rɯm, “long rain”). Wang (1982) considers this cognate with 淫 (OC *lɯm, “to soak; to drench”). Also compare Hokkien 啉 (lim, “to drink”) and Teochew 啉 (lim¹, “to drink”).

Han compound

(pathology) gonorrhoea (i.e. “dripping”)


炎

炎 (canonical)
honoo (romanization)
fonofo (romanization)
ほのほ (hiragana historical)

⟨po no₂ po⟩ → */ponəpo/ → /ɸonoɸo/ → /ɸonowo/ → /honowo/ → /hono.o/
From Old Japanese 炎 (pono₂po).
Compound of 火 (ho, combining form of hi, “fire”) + の (no, possessive particle) + 穂 (ho, “ear, head”).

com

(figuratively) an intense emotion, passion


炎

Compound of 火 (ho, “fire”, combining form) + 群 (mura, “gathering, group”).


炎

/emʉ/ → /eɴ/
From Middle Chinese 炎 (MC hjem).


疝

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *sreːn, *sraːns): semantic 疒 (“illness”) + phonetic 山 (OC *sreːn).


癌

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声): semantic 疒 + phonetic 嵒 (OC *ŋrɯːm, *ŋjab); 嵒 /岩 (yán) is a variant of 岩 (yán).
From 岩 (yán, “cliff; rock, stone”), since some cancers present as lumps or outgrowths on the body.
In Mandarin, this character used to be pronounced identically as 岩 (yán). Its pronunciation was changed to ái in December 1962 to avoid the homophony between 癌 (yán, “cancer”) and 炎 (yán, “inflammation”) (compare 肺炎 (fèiyán, “pneumonia”) and 肺癌 (fèi'ái, “lung cancer”)). The new pronunciation ái stems from dialectal pronunciations of 岩 (“rock; cliff”) /ŋai/, influenced by 崖 (yá, yái, “cliff”).

癌症

致癌

肺癌

直男癌


癭

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *qeŋʔ): semantic 疒 + phonetic 嬰 (OC *qeŋ).


PHP

Originally an initialism of personal home page, used to describe a set of tools written by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1995. With the advent of PHP 3 which was no longer a limited language it was renamed to a recursive backronym: PHP: hypertext preprocessor.

(computer languages) A scripting language widely used to write Web applications.


ABC

en-noun

ABC (countable and uncountable, plural ABCs)

In the long bones, spine, and flat bones, the majority of aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are eccentrically located whereas in the short tubular bones they are usually central in location. […] About 15% of all giant cell tumors have cystic areas that resemble ABC, and in about one third of all ABCs a pre-existing lesion can be identified.

2013, Georges Y. El-Khoury, “Tumors/Miscellaneous: Aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC)”, in D. Lee Bennett, Georges Y. El-Khoury, editors, Pearls and Pitfalls in Musculoskeletal Imaging: Variants and Other Difficult Diagnoses, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 219:

aneurysmal bone cyst
w:aneurysmal bone cyst

(pathology) Initialism of aneurysmal bone cyst.

adenoid basal cell carcinoma
w:adenoid basal cell carcinoma

(pathology) Initialism of adenoid basal cell carcinoma.


rot

English: rot

rote (alternative)
root (alternative)
rotte (alternative)
rott (alternative)

Any disease which causes decaying and decomposition in humans.


FM

FM (countable and uncountable, plural FMs)

FMs (plural)
F.M. (alternative)
F. M. (alternative)


λύκος

head

λύκος • (lýkos) m (plural λύκοι, feminine λύκαινα)

lýkos (romanization)
λύκοι (plural)
λύκαινα (feminine)
λύκος (nominative singular)
λύκοι (nominative plural)
λύκου (genitive singular)
λύκων (genitive plural)
λύκο (accusative singular)
λύκους (accusative plural)
λύκε (singular vocative)
λύκοι (plural vocative)

στο στόμα του λύκου

into the lion's den; into the wolf's mouth-

o lýkos échei t’ ónoma ki i alepoú ti chári

ο λύκος έχει τ’ όνομα κι η αλεπού τη χάρη

o lýkos ki an egérase ki ásprise to mallí tou, míte ti gnómi állaxe, míte tin kefalí tou

ο λύκος κι αν εγέρασε κι άσπρισε το μαλλί του, μήτε τη γνώμη άλλαξε, μήτε την κεφαλή του


laryngitis

en-noun

laryngitis (usually uncountable, plural laryngites or laryngitides)

laryngites (plural)
laryngitides (plural)

/lɛɹɪnˈd͡ʒaɪtɪs/

/læɹɪnˈd͡ʒaɪtɪs/

Attested since 1822 C.E.. Learned borrowing from New Latin laryngitis, from larynx + -itis. By surface analysis, laryng- + -itis.

lbor

The moment had come for the honeyed word. I lowered my voice to a confidential murmur, but on her inquiring if I had laryngitis raised it again.

1960, P. G. Wodehouse, Jeeves in the Offing, chapter XI:

An inflammation of the larynx, typically resulting in hoarseness.


NHL

non-Hodgkin lymphoma
non-Hodgkin lymphoma#English

(pathology) Initialism of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.


cerium

la-noun

cērium n (genitive cēriī or cērī); second declension

cērium (canonical neuter)
cēriī (genitive)
cērī (genitive)
cērium (nominative singular)
cēria (nominative plural)
cēriī (genitive singular)
cērī (genitive singular)
cēriōrum (genitive plural)
cēriō (dative singular)
cēriīs (dative plural)
cērium (accusative singular)
cēria (accusative plural)
cēriō (ablative singular)
cēriīs (ablative plural)
cērium (singular vocative)
cēria (plural vocative)


VL

en-noun

VL (countable and uncountable, plural VLs)

visceral leishmaniasis
visceral leishmaniasis#English

(pathology) Initialism of visceral leishmaniasis.


consumption

consumption (usually uncountable, plural consumptions)

From Middle English consumpcioun, from Old French consumpcion, from Latin cōnsūmptiō, from cōnsūmō + -tiō, from con- (“with, together”) + sūmō (“take; consume”). Equivalent to consume + -tion.

af

And then as to your ſcurvys, and gouts, rheumatiſms, conſumptions, coughs and catarrhs, tar-vvater and turpentine vvill make you as ſound as a roach.

1763 June 20 (first performance), Samuel Foote, The Mayor of Garret. A Comedy, […], London: […] P[aul] Vaillant, […], published 1764, →OCLC, Act I, scene i, page 4:

Pulmonary tuberculosis
pulmonary tuberculosis

(pathology, dated) Pulmonary tuberculosis and other diseases that cause wasting away, lung infection, etc.


clap

From Middle English clappen, from Old English clæppan, from Proto-Germanic *klappōną. Cognate with Dutch klappen, Icelandic klappa, Faroese klappa and Danish klappe.

“Oh! get some coo clap (cow dung), mix it wi’ fish oil (whale oil), put it on, and let it stop on all neet.”

1890, John Nicholson, Folk Lore of East Yorkshire, page 139:

(Yorkshire) A dropping of cow dung (presumably from the sound made as it hits the ground)


tuberculosis

en-noun

tuberculosis (countable and uncountable, plural tuberculoses)

To international scientific vocabulary from New Latin tūberculōsis, from Latin tūberculum (diminutive of tūber (“lump”)) + Latin -ōsis (“diseased condition”); by surface analysis, tubercul(um) + -osis; named for the encapsulated colonies of Mycobacterium tuberculosis within the lungs in pulmonary tuberculosis, which can look like small tubers (tubercles) on gross pathology. The disease has existed throughout human experience and had other names for millennia before scientific medicine renamed it with a New Latin term in the mid-19th century (1840s); in English it was called consumption because of the wasting away that consumed health and seemed even to consume flesh in some cases (for example, causing fistulas and tissue breakdown).

surf

With smallpox gone, tuberculosis is today the deadliest infectious disease on the planet.

2019, Bill Bryson, The Body: A Guide for Occupants, Black Swan (2020), page 380:

Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Mycobacterium tuberculosis#Translingual

(pathology) An infectious disease of humans and animals caused by a species of mycobacterium, usually Mycobacterium tuberculosis, mainly infecting the lungs where it causes tubercles characterized by the expectoration of mucus and sputum, fever, weight loss, and chest pain, and transmitted through inhalation or ingestion of bacteria.

gross pathology
international scientific vocabulary
tuberculosis
tuberculosis#Names


tuberculosis

From Scientific Latin tuberculosis, from tubercŭlum (“tiny tumor”) and + -osis.


pneumoconiosis

en-noun

pneumoconiosis (countable and uncountable, plural pneumoconioses)

From New Latin pneumoconiōsis, from Ancient Greek πνεῦμα (pneûma, “wind, breath, spirit”) + κόνις (kónis, “dust”) + -osis.

der

Zhang Haichao was twenty-eight when he got pneumoconiosis. He was fit and well before he started working at an abrasive-materials factory in Xinmi, not far from Zhengzhou, the capital of Henan, where he comes from. On the job, he inhaled a huge amount of dust every day. In the second half of 2007, he began to cough and felt short of breath.

2012, Hsiao-Hung Pai, Scattered Sand: The Story of China's Rural Migrants, Verso Books, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 86:

Wu Dengfan, a 40-year-old farmer from Gulang county in Gansu who worked at a gold mine close to the Mongolian border from 1996 to 2006, had a similar experience.
“We even preferred not to wear masks inside the mine, because it made breathing even more difficult,” said Wu, who has stage II pneumoconiosis. “When we finished our work and came out of the mine, each of us was completely covered in dust.”

2018 January 13, Alice Yan, “These migrant workers helped China prosper. Now they’re dying and not getting the help they need”, in South China Morning Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2018-01-13, People & Culture:

(pathology) A disease of the lungs caused by inhalation of particulate matter.


paralysis

en-noun

paralysis (countable and uncountable, plural paralyses)

/pəˈɹæləsəs/

Borrowed from Latin paralysis, from Ancient Greek παράλυσις (parálusis, “palsy”), from παραλύω (paralúō, “to disable on one side”). By surface analysis, para- + -lysis. Doublet of palsy.

der

(pathology) The complete loss of voluntary control of part of a person's body, such as one or more limbs.


bovine spongiform encephalopathy

en-noun

bovine spongiform encephalopathy (uncountable)

The outbreaks of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (mad cow disease) have limited some traditional uses of cattle for food, for example the eating of brains or spinal cords.

(pathology, neurology) A fatal, neurodegenerative disease of cattle, which is transmissible to humans through misshaped prion proteins, caused by eating infected tissues.

牛海綿状脳症

うしかいめんじょうのうしょう

gubčataja encefalopatija krupnovo rogatovo skota

губчатая энцефалопатия крупного рогатого скота


BSE

(pathology, neurology) Initialism of bovine spongiform encephalopathy.


BSE

bovine spongiform encephalopathy
bovine spongiform encephalopathy

(pathology, neurology) BSE, bovine spongiform encephalopathy


mad cow disease

(colloquial, veterinary, pathology) Synonym of bovine spongiform encephalopathy

جُنُون البَقَر

informal: bovine spongiform encephalopathy


Alzheimer's disease

Named after Alois Alzheimer (1864–1915), a German neurologist who described the disease in 1906.

(neurology, pathology) A disorder involving loss of mental functions resulting from brain tissue changes; senile dementia of the Alzheimer's type.

Alzheimersiekte

mental disorder from brain tissue changes


hernia

hernia (plural hernias or herniae or (dated) herniæ)

hernias (plural)
herniae (plural)
herniæ (dated plural)

Borrowed from Latin hernia (“protruded viscus”). See also yarn and cord.

give someone a hernia

have a hernia

(pathology) A disorder in which a part of the body protrudes abnormally through a tear or opening in an adjacent part, especially of the abdomen.

breuk

part of the body protruding abnormally through a tear or opening in an adjacent part


Parkinson's disease

Named after English physician James Parkinson (1755-1824).

(neurology, pathology) A chronic neurological disorder affecting movement, characterized by tremor, slowness of movement (bradykinesia), cogwheel or lead-pipe rigidity, and postural instability.


mange

mange (usually uncountable, plural manges)

From Middle English manjewe, manjeue, from Old French manjue, derived from mangier (“to eat”) (modern French manger (“to eat”)), from Latin manducare.

Coordinate term: (in humans) scabies

Not yet come! [the] worrying of wolves, biting of mad dogs, the manges, and the—

1621, William Rowley, Thomas Dekker, John Ford, The Witch of Edmonton:

(veterinary medicine) A skin disease of nonhuman mammals caused by parasitic mites (Sarcoptes spp., Demodecidae spp.).


ros

After German Rose, from Old High German rōsa, from Latin rosa. Doublet of rose.


Lyssa

Lyssa (genitive)
Lyssa (nominative singular)
Lyssa (genitive singular)
Lyssa (dative singular)
Lyssa (accusative singular)

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek λύσσα (lússa).


syphilis

From New Latin syphilis, originally the title of a poem by Girolamo Fracastoro concerning “Syphilus”, a shepherd boy who insulted the Greek god Apollo and was punished by that god with a horrible disease.

Treponema pallidum
Treponema pallidum#Translingual

(pathology) A disease spread via sexual activity, caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum.

زُهَرِيّ

sexual disease caused by Treponema pallidum


syphilis

la-noun

syphilis f (genitive syphilidis); third declension

syphilidis (genitive)
syphilis (nominative singular)
syphilidēs (nominative plural)
syphilidis (genitive singular)
syphilidum (genitive plural)
syphilidī (dative singular)
syphilidibus (dative plural)
syphilidem (accusative singular)
syphilidēs (accusative plural)
syphilide (ablative singular)
syphilidibus (ablative plural)
syphilis (singular vocative)
syphilidēs (plural vocative)

First used in 1530 by Girolamo Fracastoro, from the name of a mythical first sufferer of the disease, Syphilus.


hen

Cognate with Kuy [Salavan] hɛːn ("to cough").


cancer

en-noun

cancer (countable and uncountable, plural cancers)

→ Hindi: कैंसर (kainsar)

→ Punjabi:

Gurmukhi script: ਕੈਂਸਰ (kainsar)

Shahmukhi script: کینسر (kainsar)

→ Swahili: kansa

→ Urdu: کینسر (kainsar)

→ Welsh: canser

Borrowed from Latin cancer (“crab”), a calque of Ancient Greek καρκίνος (karkínos, “crab; ulcer; cancer”) (possibly cognate), applied to cancerous tumors because the enlarged veins resembled the legs of a crab. Doublet of canker and chancre.

calque

If successful, Edison and Ford—in 1914—would move society away from the[…]hazards of gasoline cars: air and water pollution, noise and noxiousness, constant coughing and the undeniable rise in cancers caused by smoke exhaust particulates.

2006, Edwin Black, chapter 1, in Internal Combustion:

Risk is everywhere. From tabloid headlines insisting that coffee causes cancer (yesterday, of course, it cured it) to stern government warnings about alcohol and driving, the world is teeming with goblins. For each one there is a frighteningly precise measurement of just how likely it is to jump from the shadows and get you.

2013 June 22, “Snakes and ladders”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8841, page 76:

Cancers are common diseases; in the aggregate, they are among the leading causes of death nationally and worldwide, and their incidence is increasing as the population ages.

2015 February 26, Francis S. Collins, Harold Varmus, “A New Initiative on Precision Medicine”, in The New England Journal of Medicine, volume 372, number 9, →DOI, pages 793–794:

(medicine, oncology, pathology) A disease in which the cells of a tissue undergo uncontrolled (and often rapid) proliferation.

kanker

disease of uncontrolled cellular proliferation


cancer

→ Romanian: cancer

→ Turkish: kanser

Borrowed from Latin cancer. Doublet of chancre, which was inherited, and cancre.


cancer

la-noun

cancer m (genitive cancrī); second declension

cancrī (genitive)
cancer (nominative singular)
cancrī (nominative plural)
cancrī (genitive singular)
cancrōrum (genitive plural)
cancrō (dative singular)
cancrīs (dative plural)
cancrum (accusative singular)
cancrōs (accusative plural)
cancrō (ablative singular)
cancrīs (ablative plural)
cancer (singular vocative)
cancrī (plural vocative)

desc

Asturian: cáncanu, cancru, cangru (“crab louse”)

→ Old English: cancer

Middle English: canker

English: canker

→ Irish: cancar

→ Welsh: cancr

Old French: chancre

desctree

Middle French: chancre
French: chancre
→ English: chancre
Norman: chancre

Walloon: crantche

Friulian: cancar (from a dialectal variant *cáncaro),
 granç (via Late Latin cancrus)

desc

Galician: cáncaro, cángaro, cancro, cangrio

→ Middle Irish: cainncer

q

Italian: granchio (via metathesis of Late Latin cancrulus > *cranclus)

Old Occitan:

Catalan: cranc, carranc

Occitan: cranc

Portuguese: carango (“crab louse”)

Sicilian: garanciu

→ Maltese: granċ

Old Spanish: cangro

desctree

⇒ Spanish: cangrejo
→ Asturian: cangrexu
→ Galician: cangrexo, caranguexo
→ Portuguese: caranguejo

Venetan: cancaro (from a dialectal variant *cáncaro), granso (via Late Latin cancrus)

→ Proto-Brythonic: *krank

Asturian: cáncer

Catalan: càncer

English: cancer

French: cancer
→ Romanian: cancer
→ Turkish: kanser
, cancre

Middle Dutch: canker

Dutch: kanker
Afrikaans: kanker
→ Caribbean Javanese: kangker
→ Indonesian: kanker
→ Minangkabau: kangker
→ Papiamentu: kanker
→ Sranan Tongo: kanker

Italian: cancro

Norman: cancèr

Occitan: càncer

Portuguese: cancro, câncer

Spanish: cáncer, cancro

Walloon: cancer

From Proto-Italic *kankros, dissimilation of Proto-Italic *karkros (“enclosure”) (because the pincers of a crab form a circle), from Proto-Indo-European *kr-kr- (“circular”), reduplication of Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to turn, bend”) in the sense of "enclosure", and as such a doublet of carcer. Cognate with curvus. The medical sense, found in Celsus, seems likely to be a calque of Ancient Greek καρκίνος (karkínos, “crab; ulcer; cancer”), which is possibly cognate.


cancer

cancer (nominative singular)
cancras (nominative plural)
cancer (accusative singular)
cancras (accusative plural)
cancres (genitive singular)
cancra (genitive plural)
cancre (dative singular)
cancrum (dative plural)
cancor (alternative)

desc

Middle English: canker, cancre, cancer, cankre, cankyr, kankir, kanker (partially from Old French cancre)

English: canker

→ Welsh: cancr


cancer

cancere (plural)
cancer (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
cancerul (accusative definite nominative singular)
cancere (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
cancerele (accusative definite nominative plural)
cancer (indefinite singular)
cancerului (definite singular)
cancere (indefinite singular)
cancerelor (definite plural)
cancerule (singular vocative)
cancerelor (vocative)

Borrowed from French cancer, from Latin cancer.


cancer

cancer (indefinite nominative singular)
cancers (genitive indefinite singular)
cancern (definite nominative singular)
cancerns (definite genitive singular)
cancrar (indefinite nominative plural)
cancrars (genitive indefinite plural)
cancrarna (definite nominative plural)
cancrarnas (definite genitive plural)


pestis

pestisek (plural)
pestis (nominative singular)
pestisek (nominative plural)
pestist (accusative singular)
pestiseket (accusative plural)
pestisnek (dative singular)
pestiseknek (dative plural)
pestissel (instrumental singular)
pestisekkel (instrumental plural)
pestisért (causal-final singular)
pestisekért (causal-final plural)
pestissé (singular translative)
pestisekké (plural translative)
pestisig (singular terminative)
pestisekig (plural terminative)
pestisként (essive-formal singular)
pestisekként (essive-formal plural)
pestisben (inessive singular)
pestisekben (inessive plural)
pestisen (singular superessive)
pestiseken (plural superessive)
pestisnél (adessive singular)
pestiseknél (adessive plural)
pestisbe (illative singular)
pestisekbe (illative plural)
pestisre (singular sublative)
pestisekre (plural sublative)
pestishez (allative singular)
pestisekhez (allative plural)
pestisből (elative singular)
pestisekből (elative plural)
pestisről (delative singular)
pestisekről (delative plural)
pestistől (ablative singular)
pestisektől (ablative plural)
pestisé (singular)
pestiseké (plural)
pestiséi (singular)
pestisekéi (plural)
pestisem (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
pestiseim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
pestised (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
pestiseid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
pestise (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
pestisei (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
pestisünk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
pestiseink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
pestisetek (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
pestiseitek (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
pestisük (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
pestiseik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

Borrowed from Latin pestis (“disease, plague”).


pestis

la-noun

pestis f (genitive pestis); third declension

pestis (genitive)
pestis (nominative singular)
pestēs (nominative plural)
pestis (genitive singular)
pestium (genitive plural)
pestī (dative singular)
pestibus (dative plural)
pestem (accusative singular)
pestēs (accusative plural)
pestīs (accusative plural)
peste (ablative singular)
pestibus (ablative plural)
pestis (singular vocative)
pestēs (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: pesta

→ Hungarian: pestis

→ Italian: peste

→ Middle French: peste

French: peste

→ Danish: pest

→ German: Pest

→ Norwegian: pest

→ Romanian: pestă

→ Swedish: pest

→ Dutch: pest

→ English: pest

→ Portuguese: peste

desctree

→ Spanish: peste
→ Cebuano: pisti
→ Tagalog: peste

[ˈpɛs̠t̪ɪs̠]

Of uncertain origin. Equated with a supposed second element of Younger Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬞𐬀𐬯𐬙𐬌𐬱 (kapastiš), the name of an illness, which beside ka-pastiš has its morphological boundaries also rendered kap-astiš and been identified with Persian کبست (kabast, “colocynth; deadly poison”), with seemingly the suffix as Persian دهمست (dahmast, “laurel”) if not اسپست (aspest, “lucerne”).

cog

Quam simul ac tālī persēnsit peste tenērī ….

And as soon as [Juno] sensed that [Dido was now] gripped by such a plague [of passion] ….
(Erotic passion here is likened to a deadly disease.)

Ēripite hanc pestem perniciemque mihi!

c. 84 BCE – 54 BCE, Catullus, Carmina 76.20


thrush

Uncertain, though likely not related to the "bird" sense of Etymology 1; perhaps compare Icelandic þröstur, Danish torsk, Norwegian trøske. Perhaps also related to Old French fourchette (“frog of a horse's hoof”).

Cervical cancer and recurrent vaginal thrush are both strongly linked to the presence of HIV in women.

1991 August 24, Dawn Schmitz, “AIDS Redefined In 1992?”, in Gay Community News, volume 19, number 6, page 6:

A fungal infection caused by species of genus Candida, affecting the mouth or vagina; candidiasis.


Quarzstaublungenerkrankung

de-noun

Quarzstaublungenerkrankung f (genitive Quarzstaublungenerkrankung, no plural)

Quarzstaublungenerkrankung (genitive)
Quarzstaublungenerkrankung (nominative singular)
Quarzstaublungenerkrankung (genitive singular)
Quarzstaublungenerkrankung (dative singular)
Quarzstaublungenerkrankung (accusative singular)

Literally, “quartz dust lung illness”. Quarz + Staub + Lungen + Erkrankung

silicosis or silico-tuberculosis (cancer of the lungs due to the effect of crystalline silicon dioxide (SiO₂))


influenza

en-noun

influenza (countable and uncountable, plural influenzas or influenze)

desc

ইনফ্লুয়েঞ্জা

→ Bengali: ইনফ্লুয়েঞ্জা (inphluẏenja)

→ Korean: 인플루엔자 (inpeulluenja)

→ Zulu: imfuluwenza

From Italian influenza (“influence”), from Latin influentia. Doublet of influence.

In early 1919 the Board also issued a film, Dr Wise on Influenza, in which a character called 'Brown' spreads the disease by enacting poor behaviours.
This did address transport - by boarding a crowded omnibus, "Brown may be scattering germs throughout the carriage and giving influenza to a number of people".

2020 April 8, Dr David Turner, “How railway staff were conduits and victims of a pandemic”, in Rail, page 32:

(pathology) An acute contagious disease of the upper airways and lungs, caused by a virus, which rapidly spreads around the world in seasonal epidemics.

إِنْفْلُوَنْزَا

an acute contagious disease of the upper airways and lungs


influenza

head

influenza c (singular definite influenzaen, plural indefinite influenzaer)

influenzaen (definite singular)
influenzaer (indefinite plural)
influenza (indefinite nominative singular)
influenzaen (definite nominative singular)
influenzaer (indefinite nominative plural)
influenzaerne (definite nominative plural)
influenzas (genitive indefinite singular)
influenzaens (definite genitive singular)
influenzaers (genitive indefinite plural)
influenzaernes (definite genitive plural)

From Italian influenza, from Latin influentia.


influenza

influenzák (plural)
influenza (nominative singular)
influenzák (nominative plural)
influenzát (accusative singular)
influenzákat (accusative plural)
influenzának (dative singular)
influenzáknak (dative plural)
influenzával (instrumental singular)
influenzákkal (instrumental plural)
influenzáért (causal-final singular)
influenzákért (causal-final plural)
influenzává (singular translative)
influenzákká (plural translative)
influenzáig (singular terminative)
influenzákig (plural terminative)
influenzaként (essive-formal singular)
influenzákként (essive-formal plural)
influenzában (inessive singular)
influenzákban (inessive plural)
influenzán (singular superessive)
influenzákon (plural superessive)
influenzánál (adessive singular)
influenzáknál (adessive plural)
influenzába (illative singular)
influenzákba (illative plural)
influenzára (singular sublative)
influenzákra (plural sublative)
influenzához (allative singular)
influenzákhoz (allative plural)
influenzából (elative singular)
influenzákból (elative plural)
influenzáról (delative singular)
influenzákról (delative plural)
influenzától (ablative singular)
influenzáktól (ablative plural)
influenzáé (singular)
influenzáké (plural)
influenzáéi (singular)
influenzákéi (plural)
influenzám (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
influenzáim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
influenzád (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
influenzáid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
influenzája (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
influenzái (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
influenzánk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
influenzáink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
influenzátok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
influenzáitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
influenzájuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
influenzáik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)


influenza

Borrowed from Italian influenza, from Latin īnfluentia. Doublet of influencia.


Fuchs

de-noun

Fuchs m (strong, genitive Fuchses, plural Füchse, diminutive Füchslein n or Füchschen n, feminine Füchsin)

Fuchses (genitive)
Füchse (plural)
Füchslein (diminutive neuter)
Füchschen (diminutive neuter)
Füchsin (feminine)
Fuchs (nominative singular)
Füchse (definite nominative plural)
Fuchses (genitive singular)
Füchse (definite genitive plural)
Fuchs (dative singular)
Fuchse (dative singular)
Füchsen (dative definite plural)
Fuchs (accusative singular)
Füchse (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German vuhs, from Old High German fuhs, from Proto-West Germanic *fuhs, from Proto-Germanic *fuhsaz, from Proto-Indo-European *púḱsos (“the tailed one”), from *puḱ- (“tail”). Cognate with English fox, Sanskrit पुच्छ (púccha).


كلب

كَلَب (canonical)
kalab (romanization)
كَلَب (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْكَلَب (definite informal singular triptote)
كَلَب (construct informal singular triptote)
كَلَبٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْكَلَبُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
كَلَبُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
كَلَبًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الْكَلَبَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
كَلَبَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
كَلَبٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْكَلَبِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
كَلَبِ (construct genitive singular triptote)

Likely derived from كَلْب (kalb, “dog”).

دَاء الْكَلَب


MBD

en-noun

MBD (countable and uncountable, plural MBDs)

(pathology) Initialism of minimal brain damage.


pest

head

pest c (uncountable, singular definite pesten)

From French peste, from Latin pestis (“disease, plague, pest, destruction”).


pest

pesta (definite singular)
pesten (definite singular)
pester (indefinite plural)
pestene (definite plural)

sky (noe/noen) som pesten

avoid (something/someone) like the plague

velge mellom pest og kolera


pest

pesten (definite singular)
pestar (indefinite plural)
pestane (definite plural)
pesta (definite singular)
pester (indefinite plural)
pestene (definite plural)

sky (noko/nokon) som pesten

velje mellom pest og kolera


PSP

en-noun

PSP (countable and uncountable, plural PSPs)

progressive supranuclear palsy
w:progressive supranuclear palsy

(pathology) Initialism of progressive supranuclear palsy.


malina

Semi-learned borrowing from Latin maligna.

slbor

(dated, pathology) typhoid fever (a deadly disease characterised by severe fever)


感冒

/kän²¹⁴⁻²¹ mɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/kam²⁴⁻³³ mo³³/

/kæ̃⁵³ mau⁴⁵/

/kaŋ³³⁻⁵⁵ mɔ²⁴²/

/kam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ mɔ̃²²/

/kam⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ mɔ̃⁴¹/

/kam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ mɔ̃²²/

/kam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ mɔ̃³³/

/kam⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ mɔ̃³³/

/kän²¹⁴⁻²¹ mɑʊ̯⁵¹/

/kam²⁴⁻³³ mo³³/

/kæ̃⁵³ mau⁴⁵/

/kaŋ³³⁻⁵⁵ mɔ²⁴²/

/kam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ mɔ̃²²/

/kam⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ mɔ̃⁴¹/

/kam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ mɔ̃²²/

/kam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ mɔ̃³³/

/kam⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ mɔ̃³³/

Attested since the Song dynasty.
冒 (mào) probably refers to “to emit; to manifest”, with 感冒 literally meaning “affected [by the wind] and [the symptoms have] manifested”.

細菌性感冒

细菌性感冒

病毒性感冒

(pathology) cold (common viral illness); common cold


ala

az-noun

ala (definite accusative alanı, plural alalar)

alanı (accusative definite)
alalar (plural)
alam (first-person nominative possessive singular)
alalarım (first-person nominative possessive singular)
alan (nominative possessive second-person singular)
alaların (nominative possessive second-person singular)
alası (nominative possessive singular third-person)
alaları (nominative possessive singular third-person)
alamız (first-person nominative plural possessive)
alalarımız (first-person nominative plural possessive)
alanız (nominative plural possessive second-person)
alalarınız (nominative plural possessive second-person)
alası (nominative plural possessive third-person)
alaları (nominative plural possessive third-person)
alamı (accusative first-person possessive singular)
alalarımı (accusative first-person possessive singular)
alanı (accusative possessive second-person singular)
alalarını (accusative possessive second-person singular)
alasını (accusative possessive singular third-person)
alalarını (accusative possessive singular third-person)
alamızı (accusative first-person plural possessive)
alalarımızı (accusative first-person plural possessive)
alanızı (accusative plural possessive second-person)
alalarınızı (accusative plural possessive second-person)
alasını (accusative plural possessive third-person)
alalarını (accusative plural possessive third-person)
alama (dative first-person possessive singular)
alalarıma (dative first-person possessive singular)
alana (dative possessive second-person singular)
alalarına (dative possessive second-person singular)
alasına (dative possessive singular third-person)
alalarına (dative possessive singular third-person)
alamıza (dative first-person plural possessive)
alalarımıza (dative first-person plural possessive)
alanıza (dative plural possessive second-person)
alalarınıza (dative plural possessive second-person)
alasına (dative plural possessive third-person)
alalarına (dative plural possessive third-person)
alamda (first-person locative possessive singular)
alalarımda (first-person locative possessive singular)
alanda (locative possessive second-person singular)
alalarında (locative possessive second-person singular)
alasında (locative possessive singular third-person)
alalarında (locative possessive singular third-person)
alamızda (first-person locative plural possessive)
alalarımızda (first-person locative plural possessive)
alanızda (locative plural possessive second-person)
alalarınızda (locative plural possessive second-person)
alasında (locative plural possessive third-person)
alalarında (locative plural possessive third-person)
alamdan (ablative first-person possessive singular)
alalarımdan (ablative first-person possessive singular)
alandan (ablative possessive second-person singular)
alalarından (ablative possessive second-person singular)
alasından (ablative possessive singular third-person)
alalarından (ablative possessive singular third-person)
alamızdan (ablative first-person plural possessive)
alalarımızdan (ablative first-person plural possessive)
alanızdan (ablative plural possessive second-person)
alalarınızdan (ablative plural possessive second-person)
alasından (ablative plural possessive third-person)
alalarından (ablative plural possessive third-person)
alamın (first-person genitive possessive singular)
alalarımın (first-person genitive possessive singular)
alanın (genitive possessive second-person singular)
alalarının (genitive possessive second-person singular)
alasının (genitive possessive singular third-person)
alalarının (genitive possessive singular third-person)
alamızın (first-person genitive plural possessive)
alalarımızın (first-person genitive plural possessive)
alanızın (genitive plural possessive second-person)
alalarınızın (genitive plural possessive second-person)
alasının (genitive plural possessive third-person)
alalarının (genitive plural possessive third-person)

vitiligo (the patchy loss of skin pigmentation.)


cataract

nl-noun

cataract f (plural cataracten, diminutive cataractje n)

cataracten (plural)
cataractje (diminutive neuter)
katarakt (alternative)

Afrikaans: katarak

→ Indonesian: katarak

From Middle Dutch cataracte, from Latin cataracta, from Ancient Greek καταρράκτης (katarrháktēs).


mono

Shortenings, ultimately from the prefix mono- (“one, single”).

(category theory) Clipping of monomorphism.


aba

Borrowed from Spanish haba (“bean; bump, nodule; equine palatitis”), from Latin faba (“bean”).

bor

equine palatitis
equine palatitis#English


brand

From Middle English brand, from Old English brand (“fire; flame; burning; torch; sword”), from Proto-West Germanic *brand, from Proto-Germanic *brandaz (“flame; flaming; fire-brand; torch; sword”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrenu- (“to bubble forth; brew; spew forth; burn”).
Cognate with Scots brand, West Frisian brân (“fire”), Dutch brand, German Brand, Swedish brand (“blaze, fire”), Icelandic brandur, French brand (< Germanic). More distantly cognate with Proto-Slavic *gorěti (“to burn”).


chaser

From chase (“groove; decorate metal”) + -er.

bow chaser; stern chaser


pancreatitis

en-noun

pancreatitis (plural pancreatitises or pancreatitides)

pancreatitises (plural)
pancreatitides (plural)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-pancreatitis.wav


wilk

wilk (nominative singular)
wilki (nominative plural)
wilku (genitive singular)
wilków (genitive plural)
wilkowi (dative singular)
wilkom (dative plural)
wilk (accusative singular)
wilki (accusative plural)
wilkiem (instrumental singular)
wilkami (instrumental plural)
wilku (locative singular)
wilkach (locative plural)
wilku (singular vocative)
wilki (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vьlkъ. Sense 2 is a semantic loan from Latin lupus. For the sense “meatgrinder,” compare German Fleischwolf.


parch

parch (nominative singular)
parchu (genitive singular)
parchowi (dative singular)
parch (accusative singular)
parchem (instrumental singular)
parchu (locative singular)
parchu (singular vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pь̑rxъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *piršas, from Proto-Indo-European *pŕ̥s-o-s, from *pers-.

scab (fungal disease of plants and the lesions it causes)


hydrophobia

en-noun

hydrophobia (countable and uncountable, plural hydrophobias)

/ˌhʌɪ.dɹə(ʊ)ˈfəʊ.bɪ.ə/

From Middle English idroforbia (“hydrophobia”), from Latin hydrophobia, from Ancient Greek ὑδροφοβία (hudrophobía), from ὑδρο- (hudro-), combining form of ῠ̔́δωρ (hŭ́dōr, “water”), + φοβία (phobía, “phobia”). The word is analysable as hydro- + -phobia.

inh

[…] Cato, who ſcorned both death and fortune, could not abide the ſight of a looking glaſſe or of water; overcome with horrour, and quelled with amazement, if by the contagion of a mad dog he had falne into that ſickneſſe which Phiſitians call Hydroforbia, or feare of waters.

1603, Michel de Montaigne, “An Apologie of Raymond Sebond”, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC, page 319:

Now that I have breathed a little, I am anxious to know your opinion of the nature of that affection in the throat, which deprives a patient of the power of ſwallowing in conſequence of hydrophobia.

1796 April, “Art. 27. Dialogues between a Pupil of the Late John Hunter and Jesse Foot, including Passages in Darwin’s Zoonomia. 8vo. pp. 102. 3s. sewed. Becket. 1795. [book review]”, in The Monthly Review; or, Literary Journal, Enlarged, volume XIX, London: Printed for R[alph] Griffiths; and sold by T[homas] Becket, […], →OCLC, page 451:

I myself knew a boy whose face was licked by a dog that was going mad, and who died of hydrophobia.

1851, Samuel Hahnemann, R. E. Dudgeon, compiler and transl., “The Bite of Mad Dogs”, in The Lesser Writings of Samuel Hahnemann: Collected and Translated, London: W. Headland, […], →OCLC, page 198:

Hydrophobia may, without risk, be applied to the disease in mankind, and serve to distinguish it; but it would be most injudicious to retain it as a designation for the madness or rabies of the lower animals. […] "Hydrophobia" is not even a proper designation for the malady in him [man], inasmuch as authors have described a spontaneous hydrophobia in the human species, or certain symptoms resembling those of hydrophobia, which certainly were not the same as those produced by the bite of a rabid animal, neither was the presence of a transmissible virus proved to exist.

1872, George Fleming, “Introduction”, in Rabies and Hydrophobia: Their History, Nature, Causes, Symptoms, and Prevention, London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, pages 5–6:

The Christian philosophy nominally attributes all natural evils, including sickness and death, to sin. But it has lost the connecting link between the moral disorders and the physical disorders which afflict us. […] It cannot understand […] how there are cancers and plagues and hydrophobias of the soul, the secret causes of those horrible diseases in the body.

1875, William H[enry] Holcombe, “Why Did They Die?”, in Our Children in Heaven, new edition, Philadelphia, Pa.: J. B. Lippincott & Co., →OCLC, page 286:

A young man, 24 years of age, employed as a clerk in a dry goods store, was bitten on a Saturday morning bu a watchdog belonging to the proprietor. […] [H]e stated that he had been reading about rabies and the symptoms which would develop in man from the bite of a rabid dog, and insisted that he was developing hydrophobia as a result of having been bitten by the watchdog. […] Two days later the young man was in a very hysterical state and kept insisting that the dog that bit him was rabid. […] Here was a typical case of lyssophobia or pseudo-rabies, a figment of an overworked imagination, […]

1911 May 12, John R[obbins] Mohler, “Differential Diagnosis”, in Rabies or Hydrophobia (U.S. Department of Agriculture Farmers’ Bulletin; 449), Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, →OCLC, pages 14–15:

Thus not only should be diluted and dynamised the "known" morbid agents (as for example Scabby of Sheeps,^([sic]) Tinea of animals, itch (psora) of man, the blood of the spleen of animals suffering from Anthrax, pus of syphilis, serum taken out of vesicles of Marochetti in hydrophobias, lympth^([sic]) of Anthrax and of plague even of the contagion of cholera) but also all sorts of products from secretions and excretions of men and of animals […]

1985, Marc Haffen, “History of Isopathy”, in O. A. Julian, translated by Rajkumar Mukherji, Julian’s Materia Medica of Nosodes with Repertory: […] Translated from the Original French, 2nd revised Indian edition, New Delhi: Published by Kuldeep Jain for B. Jain Publishers, published 2005, →ISBN, page 34:

(pathology) An aversion to water, as a symptom of rabies; the disease of rabies itself.


סרטן

he-noun

סַרְטָן • (sartán) m (plural indefinite סַרְטָנִים, singular construct סַרְטַן־, plural construct סַרְטְנֵי־)

סַרְטָן (canonical)
sartán (romanization)
סַרְטָנִים (indefinite plural)
סַרְטַן־ (construct singular)
סַרְטְנֵי־ (construct plural)

Compare Arabic سَرَطَان (saraṭān) and Classical Syriac ܣܲܪܛܵܢܵܐ (sarṭānā).

(medicine, oncology, pathology) cancer (a disease in which the cells of a tissue undergo uncontrolled (and often rapid) proliferation)


crab

en-noun

crab (countable and uncountable, plural crabs)

From Middle English crabbe, from Old English crabba (“crab; crayfish; cancer”), from Proto-West Germanic *krabbō, from Proto-Germanic *krabbô, from *krabbōną (“to creep, crawl”), from Proto-Indo-European *grobʰeh₂yéti (“scratch, claw at”), a metathesised o-grade of *gerbʰ-. More at carve.
Cognates
See also Dutch krab, Low German Krabb, Danish krabbe, Swedish krabba.
Further cognates with frequentative-infix are Saterland Frisian krabbelje (“to creep, crawl”), Dutch krabbelen (“to scratch”) and German krabbeln (“to crawl”). Possibly related to English creep and Swedish krypa (“to creep, crawl”) etc.

cog

Although crabs themselves are an easily treated inconvenience, the patient and his partner(s) clearly run major STD risks.

Pthirus pubis
Pthirus pubis#Translingual

(in plural crabs, informal) An infestation of pubic lice (Pthirus pubis).


pinta

A human skin disease endemic to Mexico, Central America, and South America, caused by infection with a spirochete, Treponema pallidum carateum, which is morphologically and serologically indistinguishable from the organism that causes syphilis.


pinta

pinta (nominative singular)
pinty (nominative plural)
pinty (genitive singular)
pint (genitive plural)
pincie (dative singular)
pintom (dative plural)
pintę (accusative singular)
pinty (accusative plural)
pintą (instrumental singular)
pintami (instrumental plural)
pincie (locative singular)
pintach (locative plural)
pinto (singular vocative)
pinty (plural vocative)

pinta (disease endemic to Central America)


Kienbock's disease

Named after Dr. Robert Kienböck, a radiologist in Vienna who discovered it in 1910.

(pathology) A painful disease of the wrist that results from loss of circulation to the lunate bone.


scab

en-noun

scab (countable and uncountable, plural scabs)

From Middle English scabb, scabbe (also as shabbe, schabbe > English shab), from Old English sċeabb and Old Norse skabb, both from Proto-Germanic *skabbaz (“scab, scabies”), from Proto-Indo-European *skabʰ- (“to cut, split, carve, shape”). Doublet of shab. Cognate with German Schabe (“scabies”), Danish skab (“scab, scabies”), Swedish skabb (“scab, scabies”), Latin scabies (“scab, itch, mange”). Related also to Old English scafan (“to scrape, shave”), Latin scabere (“to scratch”), English shabby.

der

(phytopathology) Any one of various more or less destructive fungal diseases that attack cultivated plants, forming dark-colored crustlike spots.


acne

en-noun

acne (usually uncountable, plural acnes)

From New Latin acnē, probably a corruption of Ancient Greek ἀκμή (akmḗ, “point, top”).

(pathology) A skin condition, usually of the face, that is common in adolescents. It is characterised by red pimples, and is caused by the inflammation of sebaceous glands through bacterial infection.


enteritis

From Ancient Greek ἔντερον (énteron, “intestine”) + -itis, equivalent to entero- + -itis.


phlegmon

en-noun

phlegmon (countable and uncountable, plural phlegmons)

From Latin phlegmōn, phlegmonē (“inflammation beneath the skin”), from Ancient Greek φλεγμονή (phlegmonḗ, “inflammation, fiery heat”), from φλέγω (phlégō, “burn”).

uder

A solid mass formed by inflamed connective tissue, such as forms around an appendix in appendicitis.

فَلْغَمُون

non collected inflammation of connective tissue


malaria

en-noun

malaria (countable and uncountable, plural malarias)

/məˈlɛəɹi.ə/

Borrowed from Italian malaria, formed from mal- (“bad”) and aria (“air”). Displaced native Old English unlyft (literally “bad air”).

ncog

(pathology) A disease spread by mosquito, in which a protozoan, Plasmodium, multiplies in blood every few days.


malaria

head

malaria c (singular definite malariaen, not used in plural form)


malaria

sw-noun

malaria class IX (plural malaria class X)

malaria class IX (canonical)
malaria class X (plural)


lateral

en-adj

lateral (comparative more lateral, superlative most lateral)

more lateral (comparative)
most lateral (superlative)

Borrowed from Latin laterālis (“belonging to the side”), from latus (“the side or flank”) + -ālis (“-al”, adjectival suffix).

af

To the side; of or pertaining to the side.

(pathology) Affecting the side or sides of the body, or confined to one side of the body.

lateral

pertaining to the left or right of the body


rage

→ German: Rage

Inherited from Middle French rage, from Old French rage, from Late Latin rabia, from Classical Latin rabiēs.

Les chauves-souris Desmodus Rotundus infectéés naturellement transmettent la rage aux animaux.

1935, Revista da produção animal, Instituto de Biologia Animal, page 47:

The naturally infected bats Desmodus rotundus transmit rabies to animals.


rage

Inherited from Old French rage, from Late Latin rabia, from Classical Latin rabiēs (“anger, fury”).


脚気

脚気 (canonical)
kakke (romanization)
kakuke (romanization)
かくけ (hiragana historical)

(pathology) beriberi (condition of thiamine deficiency)


canker

en-noun

canker (countable and uncountable, plural cankers)

From Middle English canker, cancre, from Old English cancer, akin to Dutch kanker, Old High German chanchar. Ultimately from Latin cancer (“a cancer”). Doublet of cancer, a later borrowing from Latin, and chancre, which came through French.

(phytopathology) A plant disease marked by gradual decay.


paro

Puros paros para no trabajar

Hazme un paro, no le digas que estoy aquí

Protect me, do not tell him/her that I am here

Hazle un paro a Juan, tiene que meter todas esas cajas

Help Juan, he must store all those boxes

(Mexico) a favour, help, cover-up, (preceded by hacerle un, hacerme un, to indicate "to do someone a favour", "to help someone", "to protect someone by lying")


bunt

en-verb

bunt (third-person singular simple present bunts, present participle bunting, simple past and past participle bunted)

bunts (present singular third-person)
bunting (participle present)
bunted (participle past)
bunted (past)

Unknown. Perhaps a nasalised variant of butt.

We had heard that there was an elite group of three or four pilots in Jodhpur called the “Bunt Club”, who had successfully bunted their aircraft—that is, carried out the second half of an outside loop. In the Bunt, you pushed the nose down, past the vertical and still further, until you were in horizontal inverted flight, and came out on the other side and rolled it out.

(intransitive, aviation) To perform (the second half of) an outside loop.


corona

en-noun

corona (countable and uncountable, plural coronas)

A clipping of coronavirus, ultimately from etymology 1.

corona

(informal) disease caused by a coronavirus

She caught corona last week.

The MERS outbreak in the hospital created widespread fear and panic among healthcare providers and other employees. […] For example, participants’ traumatic experience is illustrated by the quote below: / “Neglect is pain … prejudice is there, it hurts, also … unbelievable human ignorance. There was one person who is in administration here, who was scared to call me because she might get Corona over the phone.”

2018 March–April, Adel F. Almutairi, Abdallah A. Adlan, Hanan H. Balkhy, Oraynab A. Abbas, Alexander M. Clark, “‘It feels like I’m the dirtiest person in the world.’: Exploring the Experiences of Healthcare Providers who Survived MERS-CoV in Saudi Arabia”, in Journal of Infection and Public Health, volume 11, number 2, Amsterdam: Elsevier, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 188, column 2:

His wife, Varda, told Geo News: “Tariq passed away in the blessed month of Ramadan in the line of duty. Even after he had developed symptoms of corona and isolated at home, he continued to do telephone clinics.”

2020 May 8, Nazia Parveen, “Six-week-old baby believed to be England’s youngest coronavirus victim”, in Katharine Viner, editor, The Guardian, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2021-03-09:

(informal, also attributively) A disease caused by a coronavirus, especially COVID-19.


cowpox

cowpox (usually uncountable, plural cowpoxes)

A pustular, eruptive skin disease of cattle caused by an Orthopoxvirus, with lesions occurring principally on the udder and teats. Human infection may occur from touching cows, and gives immunity to smallpox.


gala

gall (abnormal swelling growth on a plant)


gall

From Middle English galle, from Old French galle, from Latin galla (“oak-apple”).

Even so, Redi retained a belief that in certain other cases—the origin of parasites inside the human or animal body or of grubs inside of oak galls—there must be spontaneous generation. Bit by bit the evidence grew against such views. In 1670 Jan Swammerdam, painstaking student of the insect’s life cycle, suggested that the grubs in galls were enclosed in them for the sake of nourishment and must come from insects that had inserted their semen or their eggs into the plants.

1974, Philip P. Wiener, editor, Dictionary of the History of Ideas:

(phytopathology) A blister or tumor-like growth found on the surface of plants, caused by various pathogens, especially the burrowing of insect larvae into the living tissues, such as that of the common oak gall wasp (Cynips quercusfolii).


gout

After a time, however, he became more sensible of the reviving influence proceeding from renewed energy; luxurious indolence had for ever lost to him its goût;[…]

1838, [Letitia Elizabeth] Landon (indicated as editor), chapter XVIII, in Duty and Inclination: […], volume III, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 232:

A modern refinement is to put laver in the dripping-pan, which, in basting, imparts a high gout: or a large saddle may be served over a pound and a half of laver, stewed in brown sauce with catsup […]

1870, The Cook and Housewife's Manual, 5th edition:


grippe

Haitian Creole: grip

→ Albanian: grip

→ Alemannic German: Grippi

→ Armenian: գրիպ (grip)

→ Azerbaijani: qrip

→ Belarusian: грып (hryp)

→ Bulgarian: грип (grip)

→ Catalan: grip

→ Dutch: griep
Afrikaans: griep

→ English: grippe

→ Esperanto: gripo

→ Estonian: gripp

→ Galician: gripe

→ Georgian: გრიპი (griṗi)

→ German: Grippe

→ Greek: γρίπη (grípi) and Greek dialect of Cyprus (Cypriot Greek): γρίππη (pronounced with a geminate /ph:/)

→ Kildin Sami: грӣбп (grībp)

→ Kyrgyz: грипп (gripp)

→ Ladino: grip

→ Latvian: gripa

→ Lithuanian: gripas

→ Luxembourgish: Gripp

→ Macedonian: грип (grip)

i

→ Norman: grippe (possibly also descended from Old French)

→ Polish: grypa

→ Portuguese: gripe

→ Romanian: gripă

→ Russian: грипп (gripp)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: грип

Latin script: gripa

→ Slovene: gripa

desc

→ Spanish: gripe, gripa (Colombia, Mexico)

→ Tajik: грипп (gripp)

→ Tatar: грипп (gripp)

→ Turkish: grip

→ Laz: გრიფი (gripi)

→ Turkmen: grip

→ Ukrainian: грип (hryp)

→ Uzbek: gripp

Sophie a eu une mauvaise grippe l’hiver dernier.

Sophie had a bad case of the flu last winter.

Comment savoir si vous avez la grippe ou un rhume?

How do you know if you have the flu or a cold?


measle

From Middle English mesel, from Old French mesel (“leprous”), from Latin misellus (“wretched", "unfortunate”), diminutive of miser (“wretched, sick”), of unknown ultimate origin.

der

A red spot of the kind that appears on the skin of someone suffering from measles.


wisp

en-noun

wisp (countable and uncountable, plural wisps)

From Middle English wispe, wyspe, wips, wipse, perhaps from an unrecorded Old English *wisp, *wips. Cognate with West Frisian wisp, Dutch wisp (“bundle of hay or straw”), Norwegian bokmål/Swedish/Bornholm Danish visp (“handful or bundle of grass, hay, etc.”). Akin also to Middle Dutch/Middle Low German wispel (“measure of grain”).

cog

A wisp of smoke rose from the candle for a few moments after he blew it out.

A wisp of hair escaped her barrette and whipped wildly in the wind.

in a small basket, on a wisp of hay

1693, Decimus Junius Juvenalis, John Dryden, transl., “[The Satires of Decimus Junius Juvenalis.] The Third Satyr”, in The Satires of Decimus Junius Juvenalis. Translated into English Verse. […] Together with the Satires of Aulus Persius Flaccus. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson […], →OCLC:

A small bundle, as of straw or other like substance; any slender, flexible structure or group.

خُصْلَة

a small bundle, as of straw or other like substance

(uncountable) A disease affecting the feet of cattle.


yaws

Uncertain. Attested since the 1670s, perhaps from an English creole (or other language) of the Caribbean.

yous (some non-rhotic accents, especially with the pour–poor merger)

Other threats came from organisms co-evolving with humans, including tapeworms and such spirochaetes as Treponema, the agent of syphilis, and the similar skin infection, yaws.

1997, Roy Porter, The Greatest Benefit to Mankind, Folio Society, published 2016, page 16:

(pathology) A contagious tropical disease, caused by the spirochete Treponema pertenue, characterized by yellowish or reddish tumors, which often resemble berries.

puko

a contagious tropical disease caused by the spirochete Treponema pertenue


diabetes

From Latin diabētēs (“siphon”), from Ancient Greek διαβήτης (diabḗtēs), from Ancient Greek διαβαίνω (diabaínō, “to pass through”).

der

In the UK, one in 10 people over 40 live with type 2 diabetes, while one in four have high blood pressure, a condition described as a “silent killer” because it increases the risk of heart attack and stroke but rarely causes symptoms beforehand.

2020 September 7, Ian Sample, The Guardian:

(pathology) Diabetes mellitus; any of a group of metabolic diseases whereby a person (or other animal) has high blood sugar due to an inability to produce, or inability to metabolize, sufficient quantities of the hormone insulin.

atsʼíístah áshįįh łikan nanitʼąʼ silį́į́ʼ


diabetes

head

diabetes c (singular definite diabetesen, not used in plural form)

diabetesen (definite singular)
diabetes (indefinite nominative singular)
diabetesen (definite nominative singular)
diabetes' (genitive indefinite singular)
diabetesens (definite genitive singular)


diabetes

→ Indonesian: diabetes

From New Latin diabetes mellitus, from Ancient Greek διαβαίνω (diabaínō, “to pass through”), via the agent noun διαβήτης (diabḗtēs, “passing through”). This refers to the excessive amounts of urine produced by sufferers.


diabetes

la-noun

diabētēs m (genitive diabētae); first declension

diabētēs (canonical masculine)
diabētae (genitive)
diabētēs (nominative singular)
diabētae (nominative plural)
diabētae (genitive singular)
diabētārum (genitive plural)
diabētae (dative singular)
diabētīs (dative plural)
diabētēn (accusative singular)
diabētās (accusative plural)
diabētē (ablative singular)
diabētīs (ablative plural)
diabētē (singular vocative)
diabētae (plural vocative)

→ English: diabetes

Borrowing from Ancient Greek δῐᾰβήτης (dĭăbḗtēs, “siphon; diabetes”), from δῐᾰβαίνω (dĭăbaínō, “to step across, pass over”) + -της (-tēs, “-er, -or”, agent noun suffix).


diabetes

diabetes (plural)
diábetes (alternative)


sty

en-verb

sty (third-person singular simple present sties, present participle stying, simple past and past participle stied)

sties (present singular third-person)
stying (participle present)
stied (participle past)
stied (past)
stee (alternative)
stie (alternative)
stigh (alternative)
stye (alternative)

From Middle English stien, stiȝen, stighen, from Old English stīgan (“to go; ascend, mount”), from Proto-West Germanic *stīgan, from Proto-Germanic *stīganą, from Proto-Indo-European *steygʰ-.
Cognate with Dutch stijgen, German steigen, Danish stige, Norwegian Bokmål stige, Norwegian Nynorsk and Swedish stiga, Old Norse stíga.

inh

The beast impatient of his smarting wound, / And of so fierce and forcible despight, / Thought with his wings to stye aboue the ground [...].

1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book I, Canto IX”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:

From this lower tract he dared to stie up to the clowdes.

1591, Ed[mund] Sp[enser], “Muiopotmos, or The Fate of the Butterflie”, in Complaints. Containing Sundrie Small Poemes of the Worlds Vanitie. […], London: […] William Ponsonbie, […], →OCLC:

Led along, as some Creatures are, by the Noses, and voluntarily hood-winked; or like seeled Doves, sty up, you know not whither, nor how far.

1621, Richard Montague, Diatribae upon the first part of the late History of Tithes:

That she might sty to the seat of Beatifick Mirth.

1652, Edward Benlowes, Theophila, or Love's Sacrifice:


sty

From Middle English styanye, mistaken as "sty on eye" yet composed of Old English stīġend (“sty”, literally “riser”), agent noun from stīgan (“to rise”) + Middle English yë (“eye”).

der

(pathology) An inflammation of the eyelid.


black lung

Thousands of miners have given their lives and their health. They've got black lung, they can't work. The Pittston company is trying to cut off their health benefits by various means. That's what the strike is about.

1989 December 3, Pam Mitchell, Ronnie Gilbert, “Carrying On The Honorable Tradition Of 'Protest Music'”, in Gay Community News, volume 17, number 21, page 9:

(pathology) A chronic disease of the lungs caused by the long-term inhalation of coal dust.


Addison's disease

Named from Thomas Addison (1793-1860), M. D., of London, who first described it.

Nearly thirty years before the date of Addison's discovery, his eminent colleague, Dr. Bright, had observed and recorded, in his celebrated 'Reports of Medical Cases,' a case of Addison's disease.

1875, Edward Headlam Greenhow, Addison's Disease, Lindsay and Blackston, page 6:

(pathology) A disorder in which the adrenal glands fail to produce a sufficient quantity of steroids, causing hypocortisolemia and a resultant brownish discoloration of the skin.


arrhythmia

en-noun

arrhythmia (countable and uncountable, plural arrhythmias)

Borrowed from New Latin arrhythmia, from Ancient Greek ἀρρυθμία (arrhuthmía).

An irregular heartbeat; a lack of a regular pulse


bulimia nervosa

From Latin bulimia, from Ancient Greek βουλῑμία (boulīmía, “ravenous hunger”), from βοῦς (boûs, “ox”) + λῑμός (līmós, “hunger, famine”) and Latin nervosa.

der

An eating disorder characterized by a binge-and-purge cycle: extreme overeating followed by self-induced vomiting; bulimia.


bulimia nervosa

bulimia (eating disorder characterised by a binge-and-purge cycle)


anorexia nervosa

From the scientific term anorexia nervosa (1957), from the symptom anorexia (“loss of appetite”), from Ancient Greek ἀν- (an-, “without”) + ὄρεξις (órexis, “appetite, desire”), and Latin nervōsa (“nervous”).

An eating disorder characterized by self-starvation due to an irrational fear of gaining weight.


anorexia nervosa

anorexia nervosa (nominative singular)
anorexia nervosa (accusative nominative singular)
anorexia nervosan (accusative genitive singular)
anorexia nervosan (genitive singular)
anorexia nervosaa (partitive singular)
anorexia nervosassa (inessive singular)
anorexia nervosasta (elative singular)
anorexia nervosaan (illative singular)
anorexia nervosalla (adessive singular)
anorexia nervosalta (ablative singular)
anorexia nervosalle (allative singular)
anorexia nervosana (essive singular)
anorexia nervosaksi (singular translative)
anorexia nervosatta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
anorexia nervosani (nominative singular)
anorexia nervosani (accusative nominative singular)
anorexia nervosani (accusative genitive singular)
anorexia nervosani (genitive singular)
anorexia nervosaani (partitive singular)
anorexia nervosassani (inessive singular)
anorexia nervosastani (elative singular)
anorexia nervosaani (illative singular)
anorexia nervosallani (adessive singular)
anorexia nervosaltani (ablative singular)
anorexia nervosalleni (allative singular)
anorexia nervosanani (essive singular)
anorexia nervosakseni (singular translative)
anorexia nervosattani (abessive singular)
anorexia nervosasi (nominative singular)
anorexia nervosasi (accusative nominative singular)
anorexia nervosasi (accusative genitive singular)
anorexia nervosasi (genitive singular)
anorexia nervosaasi (partitive singular)
anorexia nervosassasi (inessive singular)
anorexia nervosastasi (elative singular)
anorexia nervosaasi (illative singular)
anorexia nervosallasi (adessive singular)
anorexia nervosaltasi (ablative singular)
anorexia nervosallesi (allative singular)
anorexia nervosanasi (essive singular)
anorexia nervosaksesi (singular translative)
anorexia nervosattasi (abessive singular)
anorexia nervosamme (nominative singular)
anorexia nervosamme (accusative nominative singular)
anorexia nervosamme (accusative genitive singular)
anorexia nervosamme (genitive singular)
anorexia nervosaamme (partitive singular)
anorexia nervosassamme (inessive singular)
anorexia nervosastamme (elative singular)
anorexia nervosaamme (illative singular)
anorexia nervosallamme (adessive singular)
anorexia nervosaltamme (ablative singular)
anorexia nervosallemme (allative singular)
anorexia nervosanamme (essive singular)
anorexia nervosaksemme (singular translative)
anorexia nervosattamme (abessive singular)
anorexia nervosanne (nominative singular)
anorexia nervosanne (accusative nominative singular)
anorexia nervosanne (accusative genitive singular)
anorexia nervosanne (genitive singular)
anorexia nervosaanne (partitive singular)
anorexia nervosassanne (inessive singular)
anorexia nervosastanne (elative singular)
anorexia nervosaanne (illative singular)
anorexia nervosallanne (adessive singular)
anorexia nervosaltanne (ablative singular)
anorexia nervosallenne (allative singular)
anorexia nervosananne (essive singular)
anorexia nervosaksenne (singular translative)
anorexia nervosattanne (abessive singular)
anorexia nervosansa (nominative singular)
anorexia nervosansa (accusative nominative singular)
anorexia nervosansa (accusative genitive singular)
anorexia nervosansa (genitive singular)
anorexia nervosaansa (partitive singular)
anorexia nervosassaan (inessive singular)
anorexia nervosassansa (inessive singular)
anorexia nervosastaan (elative singular)
anorexia nervosastansa (elative singular)
anorexia nervosaansa (illative singular)
anorexia nervosallaan (adessive singular)
anorexia nervosallansa (adessive singular)
anorexia nervosaltaan (ablative singular)
anorexia nervosaltansa (ablative singular)
anorexia nervosalleen (allative singular)
anorexia nervosallensa (allative singular)
anorexia nervosanaan (essive singular)
anorexia nervosanansa (essive singular)
anorexia nervosakseen (singular translative)
anorexia nervosaksensa (singular translative)
anorexia nervosattaan (abessive singular)
anorexia nervosattansa (abessive singular)

(pathology) anorexia nervosa (serious eating disorder)


rabies

→ Cebuano: rabis

→ Danish: rabies

→ Malay: rabies

→ Indonesian: rabies

→ Norwegian: rabies

→ Swedish: rabies

→ Tagalog: rabis

Learned borrowing from Latin rabiēs (“rage, madness, fury”). Doublet of rage.

lbor

(pathology) An infectious disease caused by species of Lyssavirus that causes acute encephalitis in warm-blooded animals and people, characterised by abnormal behaviour such as biting, excitement, aggressiveness, and dementia, followed by paralysis and death.


アルツハイマー病

ja-noun

^アルツハイマー-びょう

アルツハイマー病 (canonical)
Arutsuhaimā-byō (romanization)

[a̠ɾɯ̟t͡sɨha̠ima̠ː bʲo̞ː]

アルツハイマー (Arutsuhaimā, from German Alzheimer) + 病 (byō, “illness”)

compound

from German <i class="Latn mention" lang="de">Alzheimer</i>

(pathology, neurology) Alzheimer's disease


plague

en-noun

plague (countable and uncountable, plural plagues)

From Middle English plage, borrowed from Old French plage, from Latin plāga (“blow, wound”), from plangō (“to strike”). Cognate with Middle Dutch plāghe (> Dutch plaag), plāghen (> Dutch plagen); Middle Low German plāge; Middle High German plāge, pflāge (> German Plage); plāgen (> German plagen); Swedish plåga; French plaie, Occitan plaga. Doublet of plaga. Displaced native Old English wōl.

It was about the beginning of September, 1664, that I, among the rest of my neighbours, heard in ordinary discourse that the plague was returned again in Holland[…] It mattered not from whence it came; but all agreed it was come into Holland again.

1722, Daniel Defoe, A Journal of the Plague Year:

Yersinia pestis
Yersinia pestis#Translingual

(often used with the, sometimes capitalized: the Plague) The bubonic plague, the pestilent disease caused by the virulent bacterium Yersinia pestis.

(pathology) An epidemic or pandemic caused by any pestilence, but specifically by the above disease.

طَاعُون

an epidemic or pandemic caused by any pestilence

Ten Biblical plagues over Egypt, ranging from locusts to the death of the crown prince, finally forced Pharaoh to let Moses's people go.

A plague a both the Houſes, I am sped: / Is he gone and hath nothing?

c. 1591–1595 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Romeo and Ivliet”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i], page 64:

A widespread affliction, calamity, or destructive influx, especially when seen as divine retribution.

(ornithology) A group of common grackles.


plague

en-verb

plague (third-person singular simple present plagues, present participle plaguing, simple past and past participle plagued)

plagues (present singular third-person)
plaguing (participle present)
plagued (participle past)
plagued (past)

Natural catastrophes plagued the colonists till they abandoned the pestilent marshland.

(transitive) To afflict with a disease or other calamity.


CV

en-noun

CV (countable and uncountable, plural CVs)

CVs (plural)
C.V. (alternative)
C. V. (alternative)

Abbreviation
* (anime, Japanimation): From Japanese CV (CV), from English character+voice
* (aircraft carrier): Initialism of cruiser (“croiseur”) + French voler (“to fly”).

initialism of

(pathology) Initialism of cytolytic vaginosis.


STD

en-noun

STD (countable and uncountable, plural STDs)

Some studies estimate that as many as one out of every two people might contract an STD at some point in their lives.

1999, Dr. Ruth's Pregnancy Guide for Couples: Love, Sex, and Medical Facts, →ISBN:

sexually transmitted disease
sexually transmitted disease#English

(pathology) Initialism of sexually transmitted disease.

MTS

sexually transmitted disease — see also sexually transmitted disease

SÜK

though attested, one normally speaks and writes out a full term


lockjaw

lockjaw (usually uncountable, plural lockjaws)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-lockjaw.wav

(pathology) A spasmodic, nervous system disease brought on by the tetanus bacteria, causing muscles to seize up and may cause death by suffocation.


psoriasis

psoriasis (countable and uncountable, plural psoriases)

From Late Latin psōriasis (“mange, scurvy, psoriasis”), from Koine Greek ψωρίασις (psōríasis), from Ancient Greek ψώρα (psṓra, “itch”) + -σις (-sis, “-sis: forming nouns of action & medical disorders”). Cognate with psora.

bor

He suffers from a skin complaint, psoriasis, which has rendered his hands scaly, hard and red.

2016, Ian McEwan, Nutshell, Vintage, page 11:

(pathology) A noncontagious disease whose main symptom is gray or silvery flaky patches on the skin which are red and inflamed underneath when scratched.


psoriasis

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ψωρίασις (psōríasis), from ψώρα (psṓra, “itch”) + -σις (-sis, “action, process”).


IBM

en-noun

IBM (countable and uncountable, plural IBMs)

inclusion body myositis
w:inclusion body myositis

(pathology) Initialism of inclusion body myositis.


blackleg

blackleg (countable and uncountable, plural blacklegs)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-blackleg.wav

(uncountable, agriculture, veterinary medicine) A fatal cattle disease caused by the soil-borne bacterium Clostridium chauvoei; symptomatic anthrax.

(uncountable) A disease of potato crops caused by pectolytic bacteria, characterized by blackening and decay of the lower stem portion.

In the autumn there was a row at some cement works about the unskilled labour men. A union had just been started for them and all but a few joined. One of these blacklegs was laid for by a picket and knocked out of time.

1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XLIV, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC, pages 364–365:

It's in the evening after dark when the blackleg miner creeps to work. With his moleskin pants and his dirty shirt, there goes the blackleg miner.

1970 June 7, traditional (lyrics and music), “The Blackleg Miner” (track 4), in Hark! The Village Wait, performed by Steeleye Span:

(countable) A person who takes the place of striking workers.


mumps

Circa 1600, from mump (“grimace”, noun), compare mump (verb), most likely referring to the painful difficulty in swallowing.

(pathology) A contagious disease caused by the Mumps virus of the genus Rubulavirus, mostly occurring in childhood, which causes swelling of glands in the face and neck.

流行性耳下腺炎

りゅうこうせいじかせんえん


diarrhea

diarrhea (countable and uncountable, plural diarrheas)

diarrheas (plural)
diarrhoea (alternative)
diarrhœa (alternative)

Australian Kriol: daiyariya

→ Hiri Motu: dairia

Tok Pisin: dairia

/ˌdaɪ.əˈɹiː.ə/

From Middle English diaria, from Middle French diarrie (French diarrhée), from Late Latin diarrhoea, from Ancient Greek διάρροια (diárrhoia, “through-flowing”), from διά (diá, “through”) + ῥέω (rhéō, “flow”). By surface analysis, dia- + -rrhea. Spelling later altered to resemble the word's Latin and Greek roots.
Displaced native Old English ūtsiht (literally “straining out”).

ncog

My Pampers bill is higher than your paycheck, my hands are raw from washing them every six minutes, and I do eight loads of laundry a day because everything we own is covered in diarrhea, and you want me to "plug him up" and wait another three weeks?

2008, Danna Korn and Connie Sarros, Gluten-Free Cooking for Dummies, Chapter 1

I looked and saw that she and her hammock were covered in diarrhea.

2009, Daniel Everett, Don't Sleep, There Are Snakes, page 47:

Why was she covered in diarrhea?

2014, L. A. Knight, Dog Training the American Male, page 221:

The watery or very soft excrement that comes from such bowel movements.


haemorrhoids

hæmorrhoids (alternative)
hemorrhoids (alternative)

/ˈhɛməɹɔɪdz/

"I hope the worst is behind me". - France's midfielder Florent Malouds reveals he had an operation for haemorrhoids shortly after arriving in Germany for the World Cup" Argus 17 June 2006 p.14

A pathological condition caused by painful masses of dilated veins in swollen anal tissue.


vaccine

en-noun

vaccine (countable and uncountable, plural vaccines)

The noun is probably partly:
* derived from vaccine (adjective) (see etymology 1); and
* borrowed from French vaccine (“cowpox (short for variole vaccine); vaccination against smallpox using material from cowpox”), vaccin (“cowpox material used for smallpox vaccination”), both noun uses of vaccin (adjective), from Latin vaccīnus (see etymology 1).
The verb is derived from the noun.
Cognates
* Italian vaccina
* Portuguese vacina
* Spanish vacuna

bor

I am much inclined to the vaccine. My friend, Mr. L—, has had all his children vaccined, and I just wait to see the effect.

1804, Maria Edgeworth, “To-morrow. Chapter VII. Moral Habits Seldom Changed by Change of Fortune.”, in Popular Tales, volume III, London: Printed for J[oseph] Johnson, […], [b]y C. Mercier and Co., […], →OCLC, page 387:

But he really ought to know the difference between a vaccine and an anti-toxin. Stimulate the phagocytes! The vaccine doesnt affect the phagocytes at all.

1906 (date written), [George] Bernard Shaw, “The Doctor’s Dilemma”, in The Doctor’s Dilemma, Getting Married, & The Shewing-Up of Blanco Posnet, London: Constable and Company, published 1911, →OCLC, Act I, page 28:

South Korea is willing to cooperate with the North to tackle the disease outbreak, but Pyongyang remains unresponsive to any offers for dialogue, including Seoul's earlier proposal to provide COVID vaccines, said another official at the unification ministry.
South Hwanghae Province, where Haeju is located, is North Korea's key agricultural region, raising concerns over possible impacts on the country's already dire food shortage.

2022 June 16, Soo-Hyang Choi, Hyonhee Shin, “North Korea faces infectious disease outbreak amid COVID battle”, in Lincoln Feast, editor, Reuters, archived from the original on 2022-06-16:

A substance given to stimulate a body's production of antibodies and provide immunity against a disease without causing the disease itself in the treatment, prepared from the agent that causes the disease (or a derivative of it; or a related, also effective, but safer disease), or a synthetic substitute; also, a dose of such a substance.

vaksine

substance given to stimulate a body’s production of antibodies and provide immunity against a disease


fireship

Fireships were famously used by Sir Francis Drake when fighting the Spanish Armada of 1588.

His attempt in 208 to cross the Yangtse was frustrated in the famous battle of Ch'ih-pi, in which his immense fleet was destroyed by his enemies' fireships, and most of his army slain.

1984, Witold Rodzinksi, The Walled Kingdom: A History of China from 2000 BC to the Present, London: Fontana Paperbacks, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 69:

(nautical, historical) A wooden ship set alight and then sent floating into an enemy flotilla, with the aim of spreading the fire among them.


Black Death

Following the Black Death in the mid-fourteenth century, and the weakening of Mongol rule, the closing of overland routes between Europe and Asia once again created a bottleneck that flowed through the Middle East, trade flows that were largely controlled by Venice and Egypt.

2013, Al Gore, “Earth Inc.”, in The Future: Six Drivers of Global Change, New York: Random House, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 18:

(pathology, historical) A pandemic outbreak of bubonic plague throughout Europe and most of Asia in the 14th century that killed nearly half the population of Europe and Asia.


acromegaly

/ˌækɹoʊˈmɛɡəli/

From French acromégalie, from New Latin acromegalia, from Ancient Greek ἄκρον (ákron, “tip, extremity”) and μέγας (mégas, “large”). By surface analysis, acro- + -megaly.

der

Tania is a fever, too—les voies urinaires, Café de la Liberté, Place des Vosges, bright neckties on the Boulevard Montpamasse, dark bathrooms, Porto Sec, Abdullah cigarettes, the adagio sonata Pathétique, aural amplificators, anecdotal seances, burnt sienna breasts, heavy garters, what time is it, golden pheasants stuffed with chestnuts, taffeta fingers, vaporish twilights turning to ilex, acromegaly, cancer and delirium, warm veils, poker chips, carpets of blood and soft thighs.

1934, Henry Miller, Tropic of Cancer, Grove Press, published 1961, page 5:

(pathology) A chronic disease marked by enlargement of the bones of the extremities, face, and jaw that is caused by over-activity of the pituitary gland.


leprosy

en-noun

leprosy (usually uncountable, plural leprosies)

From Norman leprosie, from Middle French leprosie (“leprosy & similar skin diseases”), probably from leprous (“leprous”) + -ie (“-y”) but possibly from Medieval Latin leprōsia (leprōsus + -ia) although this only historically attested in reference to leprosariums.
The shift of sense from psoriasis to Hansen's disease occurred in large part from the use of λέπρα (lépra) to translate Hebrew צרעת (“tzaraath”) in the Septuagint and its subsequent use in the New Testament and Late Latin.

der

Then is it surely a leprosy

The great London doctors knew nothing about leprosy and cared less.

1925, Frank Harris, My Life and Loves, volume III, page 183:

The new drug—diaminodiphenylsulphone... offers the first certain cure... and leprosy can be cured in six months

1954, Elspeth J. Huxley, Four Guineas, page 267:

Leprosy seems to have spread from India to the Middle East by early antiquity and from there to Europe during the time of the Roman Empire.

Mycobacterium leprae
Mycobacterium leprae#Translingual

(pathology, medicine) An infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium leprae, gradually producing nerve damage and patches of skin necrosis and historically handled by permanently quarantining its sufferers.

(medicine, now usually proscribed) Similar contagious skin diseases causing light patches of scaly skin, particularly psoriasis, syphilis, vitiligo, scabies, and (biblical) the various diseases considered "tzaraath" in the Old Testament.

Mycobacterium lepraemurium
Mycobacterium lepraemurium

(veterenary medicine) A contagious disease causing similar effects in animals, particularly

Ellipsis of murine leprosy. and feline leprosy, diseases caused in rodents and cats by Mycobacterium lepraemurium.

(obsolete) Synonym of mange and glanders in horses.


chlamydia

en-noun

chlamydia (countable and uncountable, plural chlamydias or chlamydiae)

From New Latin chlamydia, from Ancient Greek χλαμύδιον (khlamúdion, “small cloak”), from χλαμύς (khlamús, “cloak”).

der

That makes sense, because we’re all looking for flowery language from our physicians. “Like the sunlight shines upon the hidden grassy meadow, so does chlamydia cast a warm glow upon your private parts.”

2014, Tim Carvell [et al.], “Dr. Oz and Nutritional Supplements”, in Last Week Tonight with John Oliver, season 1, episode 8, John Oliver (actor), Warner Bros. Television, via HBO:

sexually transmitted disease
sexually transmitted disease

(uncountable) Any of several common, often asymptomatic, sexually transmitted diseases caused by the microorganism Chlamydia trachomatis.


melanoma

en-noun

melanoma (plural melanomas or melanomata)

(oncology, pathology) A dark-pigmented, usually malignant tumor arising from a melanocyte and occurring most commonly in the skin.

black cancer

see A Comprehensive Medical Dictionary citation from 1880

Melanome

see The Washington Post citation from 1904