abaca

en-noun

abaca (countable and uncountable, plural abacas)

Norwegian Bokmål: abaca

The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles

Oxford University Press
w:Oxford University Press

Musa textilis, a species of banana tree native to the Philippines grown for its textile, rope- and papermaking fibre.

(uncountable) The fiber of this plant, used in rope, fibers, and cloth.


abaca

abacaen (definite singular)
abacaer (indefinite plural)
abacaene (definite plural)

NB - Pronunciation of Norwegian Bokmål «abaca».ogg

From English abaca, from Spanish abacá (“abaca, Manilla hemp”), from Tagalog abaka (“abaca, Manilla hemp”), from Arabic أَبَق (ʔabaq, “abaca”), from Classical Syriac ܐܳܦܰܩܬܳܐ (ʾāpaqtā), ܐܰܦܩܰܥܬܳܐ (ʾap̄qaʿtā, “de-seeded cotton”) from ܦܩܰܥ (pqaʿ, “to split, to reave, to crack”).

(botany) Musa textilis, a species of banana tree native to the Philippines grown for its textile, rope- and papermaking fibre.

abaca (the fiber of the abaca plant, used in rope)


alpaca

Borrowed from Spanish alpaca, from Aymara allpaqa.


alpaca

(uncountable) a fabric made out of a mixture of wool and cotton


alpaca

Vicugna pacos
Vicugna pacos#Translingual

alpaca (Vicugna pacos, a camelid of the Andes)


her

English: here

Scots: here, her

Yola: haar, here

Inherited from Old English hēr, from Proto-West Germanic *hēr, from Proto-Germanic *hē₂r.


haar

From Middle High German and Old High German hār, from Proto-West Germanic *hār. Compare German Haar, Dutch haar, English hair, Swedish hår.

(Formazza, anatomy) hair (the long hair on a person's head)


haar

From Middle High German hār, from Old High German hār, from Proto-West Germanic *hār, from Proto-Germanic *hērą (“hair”). Cognate with German Haar, English hair.

's haar stéet bòol gastréelt.


flaxen

English: flaxen

Yola: vlaxen

Inherited from Old English fleaxen; equivalent to flax + -en (“made of”).


wool

wool (usually uncountable, plural wools)

→ Japanese: ウール (ūru)

From Middle English wolle, from Old English wull, from Proto-West Germanic *wullu, from Proto-Germanic *wullō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wĺ̥h₁neh₂.
Cognates
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Wulle, German Low German Wull, Dutch wol, German Wolle, Norwegian ull; also Welsh gwlân, Latin lāna, Lithuanian vìlna, Russian во́лос (vólos), Slovak vlna, Bulgarian влас (vlas), Albanian lesh (“wool, hair, fleece”). Doublet of lana.
The vowel development u → o → oo is purely graphical. Modern English generally avoids the string ‹wu› in favour of ‹wo›, and the resulting woll was then altered to wool (as supposedly better representing the pronunciation).

(British, New Zealand) Yarn, including that made from synthetic fibers.


cable

Recorded since c.1205 as Middle English cable, from Old Northern French cable, from Late Latin capulum (“lasso, rope, halter”), from Latin capiō (“to take, seize”). Use of the term "cable" to refer to the USD/GBP exchange rate originated in the mid-19th century, when the exchange rate began to be transmitted across the Atlantic by a submarine communications cable.

der

(finance) The currency pair British Pound against United States Dollar.

կաբելային

communications system with coaxial or fiber optic


hair

en-noun

hair (countable and uncountable, plural hairs)

From Middle English her, heer, hær, from Old English hǣr, from Proto-West Germanic *hār, from Proto-Germanic *hērą (“hair”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Hier (“hair”), West Frisian hier (“hair”), Dutch haar (“hair”), German Low German Haar (“hair”), German Haar (“hair”), Swedish, Danish and Norwegian hår (“hair”), Icelandic hár (“hair”). Eclipsed non-native Middle English cheveler, chevelere (“hair”), borrowed from Old French chevelëure (“hair, head-hair, coiffure, wig”).
The modern spelling with ai is not a regular representation of the vowel developed from Middle English. Rather, it is from Middle English here (haircloth) influenced by Old French haire.

noncog

one hair of a woman can draw more than a hundred pair of oxen

Internal hairs occur in the flower stalk of the yellow frog lily (Nuphar).

(botany, countable) A cellular outgrowth of the epidermis, consisting of one or of several cells, whether pointed, hooked, knobbed, or stellated.

karva

botany: cellular outgrowth of the epidermis

(uncountable, by extension) The collection or mass of such outgrowths, filaments, or fibers growing or projecting from the surface of an object or organism.

(countable) Any slender, flexible outgrowth, filament, or fiber growing or projecting from the surface of an object or organism.

(countable, engineering, firearms) A locking spring or other safety device in the lock of a rifle, etc., capable of being released by a slight pressure on a hair-trigger.


hair

en-verb

hair (third-person singular simple present hairs, present participle hairing, simple past and past participle haired)

hairs (present singular third-person)
hairing (participle present)
haired (participle past)
haired (past)

He has haired up and healed over.

1863, Yankee-notions - Volume 12, page 312:

It has haired over nicely. There are no bad results from it in any way whatever that I can detect.

1887, National Stockman and Farmer - Volume 11, page 7:

The bald patch on his hip was hairing over and he no longer limped.

1992, Hugh Ruppersburg, Georgia Voices: Fiction, page 492:

(intransitive) To grow hair (where there was a bald spot).

karvoittua

to grow hair where there was a bald spot


string

en-noun

string (countable and uncountable, plural strings)

Tok Pisin: string

→ Dutch: string

→ Finnish: stringit

→ French: string

→ German: String

desc

מחרוז//מַחְרֹזֶת

→ Hebrew: מחרוז／מַחְרֹזֶת (makhrózet) (semantic loan)

→ Japanese: ストリング (sutoringu)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: streng (semantic loan)

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: streng (semantic loan)

→ Polish: stringi

→ Portuguese: estrém; string

→ Swedish: string

From Middle English string, streng, strynge, from Old English strenġ, from Proto-West Germanic *strangi, from Proto-Germanic *strangiz (“string”), from Proto-Indo-European *strengʰ- (“rope, cord, strand; to tighten”).
Cognate with Scots string (“string”), Dutch streng (“cord, strand”), Low German strenge (“strand, cord, rope”), German Strang (“strand, cord, rope”), Danish streng (“string”), Swedish sträng (“string, cord, wire”), Icelandic strengur (“string”), Latvian stringt (“to be tight, wither”), Latin stringō (“I tighten”), Ancient Greek στραγγαλόομαι (strangalóomai, “to strangle”), from στραγγάλη (strangálē, “halter”), Ancient Greek στραγγός (strangós, “tied together, entangled, twisted”).

cog

στραγγαλόομαι

弦

any similar long, thin and flexible object

弓弦

ゆづる, yuzuru, ゆみづる, yumizuru, ゆんづる, yunzuru


cloth

en-noun

cloth (countable and uncountable, plural cloths or (obsolete) clothes)

cloths (plural)
clothes (obsolete plural)

From Middle English cloth, clath, from Old English clāþ (“cloth, clothes, covering, sail”), from Proto-Germanic *klaiþą (“garment”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *gleyt- (“to cling to, cleave, stick”) (compare Albanian ngjit (“to stick, attach, glue”)), a form of *gleh₁y- (“to smear; to stick”). Cognate with Scots clath (“cloth”), North Frisian klaid (“dress, garment”), Saterland Frisian Klood (“dress, apparel”), West Frisian kleed (“cloth, article of clothing”), Dutch kleed (“robe, dress”), Low German kleed (“dress, garment”), German Kleid (“gown, dress”), Danish klæde (“cloth, dress”), Norwegian klede, Swedish kläde (“cloth”), Icelandic klæði (“cloth, dressing”), Old English clīþan (“to adhere, stick”).

cog

In trumpets for assisting the hearing, all reverbation of the trumpet must be avoided. It must be made thick, of the least elastic materials, and covered with cloth externally.

1820, Encyclopaedia Britannica; Or A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and Miscellaneous Literature, 6th edition, volume 20, Edinburgh: Archibald Constable and Company, page 501:

“It was last Saturday […] that two boys, playing in the little spinney just outside Wembley Park Station, came across three large parcels done up in American cloth.[…]”

1904–1905, Baroness Orczy [i.e., Emma Orczy], “The Lisson Grove Mystery”, in The Case of Miss Elliott, London: T[homas] Fisher Unwin, published 1905, →OCLC; republished as popular edition, London: Greening & Co., 1909, OCLC 11192831, quoted in The Case of Miss Elliott (ebook no. 2000141h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg of Australia, February 2020:

There were other types of looms for producing various specialised types of cloth, for example fustians and velvets, but there is not space here to discuss these.

2017, Roger Holden, Manufacturing the Cloth of the World, →ISBN, page 26:

(countable, uncountable) A fabric, usually made of woven, knitted, or felted fibres or filaments, such as used in dressing, decorating, cleaning or other practical use.


cotton

en-noun

cotton (usually uncountable, plural cottons)

From Middle English cotoun, from Anglo-Norman cotun, Old French coton, from (Genoese) Old Italian cotone, from Arabic قُطُن (quṭun).

pambuk

any plant yielding fiber like that of Gossypium

Now that she had rested and had fed from the luncheon tray Mrs. Broome had just removed, she had reverted to her normal gaiety. She looked cool in a grey tailored cotton dress with a terracotta scarf and shoes and her hair a black silk helmet.

1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 2, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:

(textiles) The textile made from the fiber harvested from a cotton plant, especially Gossypium.


棉

Variant of 綿 by replacing 糸 with 木 (裘錫圭：《文字學概要（修訂本）》, p222).
Attested late, in Tang dynasty; unless Shijing’s 綿蠻 (OC *men mroːn, “tiny, delicate”) (according to Mao Commentary) is derived from "cotton" (Schuessler, 2007).
Etymology unclear, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan (Schuessler, 2007)? Tibetan བལ། (bal) is cognate to either this or 蟠 (OC *baːn, *ban, “to coil, to curl”) (ibid.).

木棉 ― mùmián ― kapok

樹棉／树棉

棉衣

Qingyuan commandery: …, 285-li away from the Cotton-Field hamlet to the west.

Qīngyuán jùn...... Xī zhì Miántián cūn èrbǎi bāshí wǔ lǐ.

清源郡……西至棉田村二百八十五里。


毛

Second grade kyōiku kanji (romanization)


毛

From Old Japanese. Attested in the Man'yōshū of circa 759 CE. Ultimately from Proto-Japonic *kay. Cognate with Proto-Ryukyuan *ke (“hair, fur”).


毛

ja-noun

毛(もう) • (mō)

one thousandth of a 寸 (sun) (approximately 0.0303 mm)

one thousandth of a 匁 (monme) (exactly 3.75 mg)

one thousandth of a 割 (wari) (0.01 percent)


毛

From Proto-Ryukyuan *ke, from Proto-Japonic *kay. Cognate with Japanese 毛 (ke).


絲

qualifier

see <i class="Latn mention" lang="la">sēricus</i> for descendants of this

→ Ancient Greek: Σήρ (Sḗr, “Chinese; silkworm”)
→ Latin: Sēres
English: Seres
Portuguese: Seres
Spanish: Seres
 (see sēricus for descendants of this)

→ Aramaic:

desc

Classical Syriac: ܫܺܐܪܳܐ (šērā), ܫܺܐܪܳܝܳܐ (šērāyā), ܫܻܝܪܳܝܳܐ (šērāyā, “silk; silk garment”)

Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: שִׁירָאָה (šērāʾā), שִּׁירָא (šērā, “silk; silk garment”)

Mandaic: ࡔࡉ࡚ࡓࡀࡉࡀ (/šērāyā/)

→ Arabic: سِيرَاء (sīrāʔ, “a kind of silk garment”)

ሢራይ, ሥራይ, ሤራይ

→ Ge'ez: ሢራይ, ሥራይ, ሤራይ (śiray, śəray, śeray, “silk; silk garment”)

→? Old Korean: 糸利 (*SIli, “thread”)

Middle Korean: 실〯 (sǐl, “id.”)

Korean: 실 (sil, “id.”)

→ Vietnamese: tơ

Obsolete. 皮 is used for SI prefix pico-.

蠶絲

蚕丝

絲織品

丝织品

絲帶

丝带

絲綢之路

丝绸之路

絲竹

丝竹

(dated) the number 10⁻⁴; 1/10000th of certain units of measure

(Mainland China) traditional unit of length equal to 1/10000th of 寸 (cùn, “Chinese inch, ¹/₃ decimeter”) ≈ 3.3 micron

(Mainland China) traditional unit of weight equal to 1/10000th of 錢／钱 (qián, “mace”) = 1/1000000th of 斤 (jīn, “catty, 0.5 kilogram”) = 0.5 milligram

絲米

丝米


juta

juta (nominative singular)
juty (nominative plural)
juty (genitive singular)
jut (genitive plural)
jutě (dative singular)
jutám (dative plural)
jutu (accusative singular)
juty (accusative plural)
juto (singular vocative)
juty (plural vocative)
jutě (locative singular)
jutách (locative plural)
jutou (instrumental singular)
jutami (instrumental plural)


juta

jutowy (adjective)
juta (nominative singular)
juty (nominative plural)
juty (genitive singular)
jut (genitive plural)
jucie (dative singular)
jutom (dative plural)
jutę (accusative singular)
juty (accusative plural)
jutą (instrumental singular)
jutami (instrumental plural)
jucie (locative singular)
jutach (locative plural)
juto (singular vocative)
juty (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare Dutch jute, English jute, German Jute, ultimately from Bengali ঝুট (jhuṭ), from Sanskrit जूट (jūṭa).

Corchorus olitorius
Corchorus olitorius#Translingual


textile

en-adj

textile (comparative more textile, superlative most textile)

more textile (comparative)
most textile (superlative)

Borrowed from Latin textile, substantive use of textilis (“woven”), from texō (“weave”).

a textile beach


linen

From English linen, from Middle English lynnen, lynen, from Old English līnen (“linen", "made of flax”), from Proto-Germanic *līnīnaz (“made of flax”), from Proto-Germanic *līną (“flax”), from Proto-Indo-European *līno- (“flax”). Superseded lino.

der

linen; thread or cloth made from flax fiber


rope

en-noun

rope (countable and uncountable, plural ropes)

→ Irish: rópa

Tok Pisin: rop

From Middle English rop, rope, from Old English rāp (“rope, cord, cable”), from Proto-West Germanic *raip, from Proto-Germanic *raipaz, *raipą (“rope, cord, band, ringlet”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁roypnós (“strap, band, rope”), from *h₁reyp- (“to peel off, tear; border, edge, strip”).
Cognates
Cognate with Scots rape, raip (“rope”), Saterland Frisian Roop (“rope”), West Frisian reap (“rope, cord”), Dutch roop, reep (“rope, cord, ring, strip, bar”), German Low German Reep (“rope”), Swedish rep (“rope”), Danish reb (“rope”), Icelandic reipi (“rope”), Albanian rrip (“belt, rope”).

der

give him enough rope and he'll hang himself

you'd complain if you were hung with a new rope

Nylon rope is usually stronger than similar rope made of plant fibers.

(uncountable) Thick strings, yarn, monofilaments, metal wires, or strands of other cordage that are twisted together to form a stronger line.

He hit a rope past third and into the corner.


rope

From Middle English rop (“gut, intestine”), from Old English rop, ropp; compare Middle Dutch rop, roppe (“fish guts”).
The modern pronunciation results from phonological assimilation to Etymology 1.

the ropes of birds


thread

From Middle English thred, þred, threed, from Old English þrǣd, from Proto-Germanic *þrēduz, from Proto-Indo-European *treh₁-tu-s, from *terh₁- (“rub, twist”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Träid (“thread, wire”), West Frisian tried, Dutch draad, German Draht, Norwegian, Danish and Swedish tråd, and Icelandic þráður. Non-Germanic cognates include Albanian dredh (“twist, turn”). More at throw.

cog

He walked. To the corner of Hamilton Place and Picadilly, and there stayed for a while, for it is a romantic station by night. The vague and careless rain looked like threads of gossamer silver passing across the light of the arc-lamps.

1922, Michael Arlen, “Ep./1/2”, in “Piracy”: A Romantic Chronicle of These Days:

A long, thin and flexible form of material, generally with a round cross-section, used in sewing, weaving or in the construction of string.

draad

(computing) A unit of execution, lighter in weight than a process, usually sharing memory and other resources with other threads executing concurrently.

(Internet) A series of messages, generally grouped by subject, in which all messages except the first are replies to previous messages in the thread.

A filament, as of a flower, or of any fibrous substance, as of bark.


top

English: top

→ French: top

→ German: Top

→ Vietnamese: tốp

Scots: tap

From Old English topp, toppa, from Proto-West Germanic *topp.

(rare) The tip or end of something; that which something terminates in.


tow

From Middle English towen, from Old English togian, from Proto-West Germanic *togōn, from Proto-Germanic *tugōną, from Proto-Indo-European *dewk-.
See also Middle High German zogen, German ziehen, Dutch tijgen, Old Norse toga.

On Saturday, Vettel was very unhappy with Leclerc's failure to work out a way through the traffic and give him a tow for the second runs in qualifying, as had been agreed.

2019 September 8, Andrew Benson, BBC Sport:

(motor racing) A speed increase given by driving in front of another car on a straight, which causes a slipstream for the car behind.


tow

en-noun

tow (countable and uncountable, plural tows)

rare, some parts of the UK and Australia

From Middle English touw, from Old English tow- (“spinning”) (in compounds, e.g. towcræft, towhūs, towlic), from Proto-Germanic *tawwą; compare Old Norse tó (“uncleansed wool”), Dutch touw (“rope”). Perhaps cognate with Old English tawian (“prepare for use”), Gothic 𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰𐌽 (taujan, “do, make”).

And the strong shall be as towe, and the maker of it as a sparke, and they shall both burne together, and none shall quench them.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Isaiah 1:31:

An untwisted bundle of fibres such as cellulose acetate, flax, hemp or jute.

(specifically) The short, coarse, less desirable fibres separated by hackling from the finer longer fibres (line).


catgut

catgut (countable and uncountable, plural catguts)

Possibly an abbreviation of the word cattlegut. Alternatively, it may derive by folk etymology from kitgut or kitstring — the word kit, meaning fiddle, having at some point been confused with the word kit for a young cat.

(uncountable) A sort of linen or canvas, with wide interstices.


aba

head

aba (possessable, IIa class pluriform, absolute taba, R1 raba, R2 saba)

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *rap, from Proto-Mawé-Guaraní *t͡sap, from Proto-Tupian *jap.
Cognate with Sateré-Mawé sap, Guaraní ague.


fabric

en-noun

fabric (countable and uncountable, plural fabrics)

→ Irish: fabraic

Borrowed from French fabrique, from Latin fabrica (“a workshop, art, trade, product of art, structure, fabric”), from faber (“artisan, workman”). Doublet of forge, borrowed from Old French.

der

cotton fabric

A material made of fibers, a textile or cloth.


mat

Tok Pisin: mat

→ Japanese: マット (matto)

→ Russian: мат (mat)

→ Spanish: mat

Inherited from Middle English matte, from Old English meatte, from Late Latin matta, from Punic or Phoenician (compare Hebrew מיטה \ מִטָּה (mitá, “bed, couch”)).

cog

מיטה \ מִטָּה

Wipe your feet on the mat before coming in.

A flat piece of coarse material used for wiping one’s feet, or as a decorative or protective floor covering.

A thin layer of woven, non-woven, or knitted fiber that serves as reinforcement to a material.


silk

en-noun

silk (countable and uncountable, plural silks)

From Middle English silk, sylk, selk, selc, from Old English sioloc, seoloc, seolc (“silk”). The immediate source is uncertain; it probably reached English via the Baltic trade routes (cognates in Old Norse silki (> Danish silke, Swedish silke (“silk”)), Russian шёлк (šolk), obsolete Lithuanian zilkaĩ), all ultimately from Late Latin sēricus, from Ancient Greek σηρικός (sērikós), ultimately from an Oriental language (represented now by e.g. Chinese 絲／丝 (sī, “silk”)). Compare Seres. Doublet of seric and serge.

you can't make a silk purse of a sow's ear

(colloquial) A Queen's Counsel, King's Counsel or Senior Counsel.


fiber

fiber (countable and uncountable, plural fibers)

From French fibre, from Old French fibre, from Latin fibra.

Fresh vegetables are a good source of fiber.


hemp

hemp (countable and uncountable, plural hemps)

From Middle English hemp, from Old English henep, from Proto-West Germanic *hanapi, from Proto-Germanic *hanapiz. Doublet of cannabis and canvas.

Cannabis sativa
Cannabis sativa#Translingual

A tall annual herb, Cannabis sativa, native to Asia.


hemp

English: hemp

Scots: hemp, hempt

From Old English henep, hænep (“hemp”), from Proto-West Germanic *hanapi, from Proto-Germanic *hanapiz; cognate to Ancient Greek κάνναβις (kánnabis).


raffia

raffia (countable and uncountable, plural raffias)

He was pressed against the canes and raffia of which this old house was built.

1958, Saul Bellow, Henderson the Rain King:

A fibrous material used for tying plants, originating from the leaves of raffia palm trees (genus Raphia).


kapok

kapok (countable and uncountable, plural kapoks)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-kapok.wav

Borrowed from Malay kapuk (“silky fibre from the silk-cotton tree; Ceiba pentandra”).

bor

The moon came out of hiding and for a moment Jerry forgot his anxiety as a little grey-clad figure, small and sturdy [...], in a kapok coat and bulging proletarian cap, lowered himself over the side and leapt for the waiting arms of the sampan's crew.

1977, John Le Carré, The Honourable Schoolboy, Folio Society, published 2010, page 492:

You can stuff them full of kapok to make a decent cushion and there is nothing better to carry frogs in.

1985, Peter Carey, Illywhacker, Faber & Faber, published 2003, page 39:

A still summer night a world away in a house that smells of cactus and dust and musty kapok.

2014 [1993], Tim Winton, Land's Edge, Picador, page 15:

Ceiba pentandra
Ceiba pentandra#Translingual

A silky fibre obtained from seed pods of the silk-cotton tree (Ceiba pentandra) used for insulation and stuffing for mattresses, pillows, etc.

加薄棉

ka-po̍k-mî, ka-po̍h-mî, ka-poah-mî, ka-poh-mî


kapok

(rare) the fiber obtained from this tree


kapok

pl-noun

kapok m inan (related adjective kapokowy)

kapokowy (adjective)
kapok (nominative singular)
kapoki (nominative plural)
kapoka (genitive singular)
kapoków (genitive plural)
kapokowi (dative singular)
kapokom (dative plural)
kapok (accusative singular)
kapoki (accusative plural)
kapokiem (instrumental singular)
kapokami (instrumental plural)
kapoku (locative singular)
kapokach (locative plural)
kapoku (singular vocative)
kapoki (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English kapok, French kapok, German Kapok, ultimately from Malay kapuk.

kapok (silky fiber obtained from seed pods of the silk-cotton tree (Ceiba pentandra) used for insulation and stuffing for mattresses, pillows, etc.)


flax

en-noun

flax (countable and uncountable, plural flaxes)

From Middle English flax, from Old English fleax, from Proto-Germanic *flahsą, from Proto-Indo-European *pleḱ- (“to plait”). Cognate with Old Frisian flax, Dutch vlas, Old High German flahs (German Flachs); the Northern Germanic (and most likely the Gothic too) stem is different.

Linum usitatissimum
Linum usitatissimum#Translingual

The fibers of Linum usitatissimum, grown to make linen and related textiles.


flax

English: flax

Inherited from Old English fleax, from Proto-West Germanic *flahs, from Proto-Germanic *flahsą, from Proto-Indo-European *plek-.


sisal

sisal (countable and uncountable, plural sisals)

A Central American plant, Agave sisalana, cultivated for its sword-shaped leaves that yield fibers used for rope.


jute

jute (countable and uncountable, plural jutes)

The coarse, strong fibre of the East Indian plants, Corchorus olitorius and Corchorus capsularis, used to make mats, paper, gunny cloth etc.


bombast

bombast (countable and uncountable, plural bombasts)

desctree

→ German: Bombast
→ Norwegian Bokmål: bombast

From Old French bombace (“cotton, cotton wadding”), from Late Latin bombax (“cotton”), a variant of bombyx (“silkworm”), from Ancient Greek βόμβυξ (bómbux, “silkworm”), possibly related to Middle Persian pmbk' (“cotton”), from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning “to twist, wind”.

der

SURBATING; a Diſtemper in a Horſe, who is ſaid to be ſurbated, when the Sole is worn, bruiſed or ſpoiled by travelling without Shoes, or with ill ſhoeing: [...] take Frankincenſe, and rolling it in a little fine Cotton Wool or Bombaſt, with a hot Iron melt it into the Foot betwixt the Shoe and the Toe, until the Orifice, where the Blood was taken away, is fill'd up; [...]

1725, [Noël] Chomel, “SURBATING”, in R[ichard] Bradley, editor, Dictionaire Oeconomique: Or, The Family Dictionary. […], volume II (I–Z), London: […] D[aniel] Midwinter, […], →OCLC, column 2:

This strange wool-bearing plant is of the mallow tribe. [...] Another name formerly given to the vegetable fleece was bombast. This word was in use before our ancestors were skilful enough to weave the cotton wool which was brought to them from the East in the merchant ships of Venice and Genoa. What they did not want for candle-wicks, they employed in stuffing and wadding their doublets and other articles of dress.

[[1874], S. W[arren], “The Wool-bearing Shrub”, in Cotton, London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge; New York, N.Y.: Pott, Young, & Co., →OCLC, page 14:

Bombaſt and Buffoonry, by Nature lofty and light, ſoar higheſt of all, [...]

1704, [Jonathan Swift], “Section I. The Introduction.”, in A Tale of a Tub. […], London: […] John Nutt, […], →OCLC, page 40:

And let burleſque in ballads be employ'd; / Yet noiſy bombaſt carefully avoid, / Nor think to raiſe, tho on Pharſalia's plain, "Millions of mourning mountains of the ſlain:" [...]

1760, John Dryden, “The Art of Poetry”, in Samuel Derrick, editor, The Miscellaneous Works of John Dryden, Esq; Containing All His Original Poems, Tales, and Translations. […], volume I, London: […] J[acob] and R[ichard] Tonson […], →OCLC, canto I, pages 320–321:

Upon a little serious examination, the off-hand disposal of an important question of policy, by the declaration that Americans can do anything, proves to be only a silly piece of bombast, and, upon a little reflection, we find that our hands are quite full at home of problems, by the solution of which the peace and happiness of the American people could be greatly increased.

1899 January 16, William G[raham] Sumner, The Conquest of the United States by Spain: A Lecture before the Phi Beta Kappa Society of Yale University, January 16, 1899, Boston, Mass.: Dana Estes & Company, […], →OCLC, page 30:

At least for one night, Donald Trump put aside the bombast and bellicosity of a campaign that seemed to bleed into his presidency.

2017 March 1, Anthony Zurcher, “Trump addresses Congress: A kinder, gentler president”, in BBC News, archived from the original on 2017-06-05:

(figurative) High-sounding words; language above the dignity of the occasion; a pompous or ostentatious manner of writing or speaking.


bombast

en-verb

bombast (third-person singular simple present bombasts, present participle bombasting, simple past and past participle bombasted)

bombasts (present singular third-person)
bombasting (participle present)
bombasted (participle past)
bombasted (past)

Their doctrine is to be seen in Jacob Behmen's books by him that hath nothing else to do, than to bestow a great deal of time to understand him that was not willing to be easily understood, and to know that his bombasted words do signify nothing more than before was easily known by common familiar terms.

1820, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, “Notes on [Richard] Baxter’s Life of Himself”, in Henry Nelson Coleridge, editor, The Literary Remains of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, volume IV, London: William Pickering, published 1839, →OCLC, page 90:

To swell or fill out; to inflate, to pad.


bombast

bombasten (definite singular)
bombaster (indefinite plural)
bombastene (definite plural)

Borrowed from German Bombast (“bombast”), from English bombast, from Old French bombace (“cotton, cotton wadding”), from Late Latin bombax (“cotton”), a variant of bombyx (“silkworm”), from Ancient Greek βόμβυξ (bómbux, “silkworm”), of Anatolian origin.
Cognate with English bombast and German Bombast.

1951, Kristofer Visted, Hilmar Stigum, Vår gamle bondekultur I, page 251:

(archaic) bombast; cotton or cotton wool (raw fibers of cotton before being processed.)


lap

From Middle English lappen (“to fold, wrap”) from earlier wlappen (“to fold, wrap”), from Old English *wlappan, *wlæppan, *wlappian (“to wrap”), from Proto-Germanic *wlapp-, *wrapp- (“to wrap, fold, roll up, turn”), from Proto-Indo-European *werb- (“to bend, turn”).
Cognate with Middle Dutch lappen (“to wrap up, embrace”), dialectal Danish vravle (“to wind”), Old Italian goluppare (“to wrap, fold up”) (from Germanic). Doublet of wrap. Also related to envelop, develop.
The sense of "to get a lap ahead (of someone) on a track" is from 1847, on notion of "overlapping." The noun meaning "a turn around a track" (1861) is from this sense.

cog

A sheet, layer, or bat, of cotton fiber prepared for the carding machine.


pamuk

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish پاموق (pamuk).

bor+

mekim pasin pamuk


pamuk

head

pamuk (definite accusative pamuğu, plural pamuklar)

pamuğu (accusative definite)
pamuklar (plural)
pamuk (nominative singular)
pamuklar (nominative plural)
pamuğu (accusative definite singular)
pamukları (accusative definite plural)
pamuğa (dative singular)
pamuklara (dative plural)
pamukta (locative singular)
pamuklarda (locative plural)
pamuktan (ablative singular)
pamuklardan (ablative plural)
pamuğun (genitive singular)
pamukların (genitive plural)
pamuğum (first-person nominative singular)
pamuklarım (first-person nominative singular)
pamuğun (nominative second-person singular)
pamukların (nominative second-person singular)
pamuğu (nominative singular third-person)
pamukları (nominative singular third-person)
pamuğumuz (first-person nominative plural)
pamuklarımız (first-person nominative plural)
pamuğunuz (nominative plural second-person)
pamuklarınız (nominative plural second-person)
pamukları (nominative plural third-person)
pamuğumu (accusative definite first-person singular)
pamuklarımı (accusative definite first-person singular)
pamuğunu (accusative definite second-person singular)
pamuklarını (accusative definite second-person singular)
pamuğunu (accusative definite singular third-person)
pamuklarını (accusative definite singular third-person)
pamuğumuzu (accusative definite first-person plural)
pamuklarımızı (accusative definite first-person plural)
pamuğunuzu (accusative definite plural second-person)
pamuklarınızı (accusative definite plural second-person)
pamuklarını (accusative definite plural third-person)
pamuğuma (dative first-person singular)
pamuklarıma (dative first-person singular)
pamuğuna (dative second-person singular)
pamuklarına (dative second-person singular)
pamuğuna (dative singular third-person)
pamuklarına (dative singular third-person)
pamuğumuza (dative first-person plural)
pamuklarımıza (dative first-person plural)
pamuğunuza (dative plural second-person)
pamuklarınıza (dative plural second-person)
pamuklarına (dative plural third-person)
pamuğumda (first-person locative singular)
pamuklarımda (first-person locative singular)
pamuğunda (locative second-person singular)
pamuklarında (locative second-person singular)
pamuğunda (locative singular third-person)
pamuklarında (locative singular third-person)
pamuğumuzda (first-person locative plural)
pamuklarımızda (first-person locative plural)
pamuğunuzda (locative plural second-person)
pamuklarınızda (locative plural second-person)
pamuklarında (locative plural third-person)
pamuğumdan (ablative first-person singular)
pamuklarımdan (ablative first-person singular)
pamuğundan (ablative second-person singular)
pamuklarından (ablative second-person singular)
pamuğundan (ablative singular third-person)
pamuklarından (ablative singular third-person)
pamuğumuzdan (ablative first-person plural)
pamuklarımızdan (ablative first-person plural)
pamuğunuzdan (ablative plural second-person)
pamuklarınızdan (ablative plural second-person)
pamuklarından (ablative plural third-person)
pamuğumun (first-person genitive singular)
pamuklarımın (first-person genitive singular)
pamuğunun (genitive second-person singular)
pamuklarının (genitive second-person singular)
pamuğunun (genitive singular third-person)
pamuklarının (genitive singular third-person)
pamuğumuzun (first-person genitive plural)
pamuklarımızın (first-person genitive plural)
pamuğunuzun (genitive plural second-person)
pamuklarınızın (genitive plural second-person)
pamuklarının (genitive plural third-person)


asbestos

en-noun

asbestos (countable and uncountable, plural asbestoses or (rare) asbesti)

asbestoses (plural)
asbesti (plural rare)

From Old French abestos, from Latin asbestos, itself from Ancient Greek ἄσβεστος (ásbestos, “unquenchable, inextinguishable”), from ᾰ̓- (a-, “not”) + σβέννῡμῐ (sbénnūmi, “I quench, quell”).

der

All types of asbestos are potentially carcinogenic when inhaled.

Asbestos insulation was once ubiquitous.

Consul Baker, of Antung, China, states that valuable deposits of asbestos have been found in the vicinity of Kuantien, a small town lying about 45 miles northeast of Antung.[…]There are three mines now in operation, each employing about 30 workers. These workers, however, are mostly farmers who devote only their spare time to mining and use simply hammers and chisels and gather only the asbestos which lies near the surface.

1913 February, “Asbestos Mines in China”, in Mines and Minerals, volume XXXIII, number 7, Scranton, PA, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 398, column 3:

Insulation against sound and changes in external temperature is given by a thickness of asbestos on the inside of the panels.

1946 November and December, “New L.M.S.R. Royal Coaches”, in Railway Magazine, page 371:

(mineralogy) Any of several fibrous mineral forms of magnesium silicate, used for fireproofing, electrical insulation, building materials, brake linings, chemical filters, suits, fireman's gloves, etc.

asbes

any of several fibrous mineral forms of magnesium silicate

blue asbestos

(forms of magnesium silicate): serpentine: parachrysotile, amianthus, common asbestos, chrysotile; amphibole


yarn

en-noun

yarn (countable and uncountable, plural yarns)

From Middle English yarne, ȝern, yarn, from the Old English ġearn (“yarn, spun wool”), from Proto-West Germanic *garn, from Proto-Germanic *garną (“yarn”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰorn-, *ǵʰerH- (“tharm, guts, intestines”).
Cognates
Akin to West Frisian jern, Dutch garen (“yarn”), German Garn (“yarn”), Danish garn, Swedish garn (“yarn, thread”), Icelandic garn (“yarn”), Latin hernia (“rupture”), Ancient Greek χορδή (khordḗ, “string”), Sanskrit हिर (hira, “band”). Compare also the obsolete doublet garn.

(uncountable) A twisted strand of fiber used for knitting or weaving.


yarn

English: yarn

Scots: yairn

From Old English ġearn, from Proto-West Germanic *garn, from Proto-Germanic *garną. Doublet of garn.


uzi

thread, string, cord (long, thin structure)


cashmere

cashmere (usually uncountable, plural cashmeres)

a cashmere sweater

(chiefly uncountable) A soft fabric made of this wool.


coir

coir (countable and uncountable, plural coirs)

Borrowed from Tamil கயறு (kayaṟu), Malayalam കയർ (kayaṟ).

The fibre obtained from the husk of a coconut, used chiefly in making rope, matting and as a peat substitute.


qiviut

From Eastern Canadian Inuktitut ᕿᕕᐅᖅ, ᕿᕕᐅᑦ (qifioq, qifiot, “underwool”).

uder

She wants me to stay here and learn how to weave baskets and carve ivory and spin qiviut and die of boredom!

1992, Dana Stabenow, A Cold Day for Murder, →ISBN, page 77:

The underwool of the Arctic muskox, used as a fibre.


rayon

en-noun

rayon (countable and uncountable, plural rayons)

Name chosen by the National Retail Dry Goods Association of America, probably from French rayon (“beam of light, ray”) and so called because it is shiny; however, the Oxford English Dictionary states that it is apparently a blend of ray + cotton.

A manufactured regenerated cellulosic fiber.


corde

English: cord; chord (influenced by Latin spelling)

Scots: cord

From Old French corde, from Latin chorda, from Ancient Greek χορδή (khordḗ).

A sinew or the muscular material one is made out of.


пенька

ru-noun+

пенька́ • (penʹká) f inan (genitive пеньки́, uncountable, relational adjective пенько́вый)

пенька́ (canonical)
penʹká (romanization)
пеньки́ (genitive)
пенько́вый (adjective relational)
пенька́ (nominative singular)
пеньки́ (genitive singular)
пеньке́ (dative singular)
пеньку́ (accusative singular)
пенько́й (instrumental singular)
пенько́ю (instrumental singular)
пеньке́ (prepositional singular)
пенька́ (dated nominative singular)
пеньки́ (dated genitive singular)
пенькѣ́ (dated dative singular)
пеньку́ (accusative dated singular)
пенько́й (dated instrumental singular)
пенько́ю (dated instrumental singular)
пенькѣ́ (dated prepositional singular)

Via Azerbaijani bəng + -ка́ (-ká), from Persian بنگ (bang, “hemp, haschich”).

hemp fibre (for making into cloth or rope)


hoar

From Middle High German hār, from Old High German hār. Compare German Haar, Dutch haar, English hair, Swedish hår.

(Gressoney, anatomy) hair (the long hair on a person's head)


bast

en-noun

bast (countable and uncountable, plural basts)

From Middle English bast, from Old English bæst (“bast, inner bark of trees from which ropes were made”), from Proto-Germanic *bastaz (“bast, rope”) (compare the Swedish bast, Dutch bast, German Bast), perhaps an alteration of Proto-Indo-European *bʰask-, *bʰasḱ- (“bundle”) (compare Middle Irish basc (“necklace”), Latin fascis (“bundle”), Albanian bashkë (“tied, linked”)).

inh

[T]here would be seen his face, or that of his elder brother, peering down. A guttural sound, and the tip-tap of bast slippers beating the narrow wooden stairs, and he would stand before one without coat, a little bent, in leather apron, with sleeves turned back, blinking[…]

At the far end of the houses the head gardener stood waiting for his mistress, and he gave her strips of bass to tie up her nosegay. This she did slowly and laboriously, with knuckly old fingers that shook.

1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter XIX, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

I thought I saw Him in the Long Walk there, by the bed of Nelly Roche, tending a fallen flower with a wisp of bast.

1919, Ronald Firbank, Valmouth, Duckworth, hardback edition, page 87

He had taken along a long bast rope in his sleigh, since it was the custom on longer journeys to have a spare rope in case the reins needed mending.

1997, ‘Egil's Saga’, translated by Bernard Scudder, The Sagas of Icelanders, Penguin, published 2001, page 145:

Fibre made from the phloem of certain plants and used for matting and cord.

barmë

fibre made from the phloem of certain plants


bast

Borrowed from Old French bast (French bât), probably a back-formation from bastard.

Illegitimacy; the state of being illegitimate.


Haar

From Middle High German and Old High German hār, from Proto-West Germanic *hār. Compare German Haar, Dutch haar, English hair, Swedish hår.


Tau

From Old Frisian tau, from Proto-West Germanic [Term?], from Proto-Germanic *tawwą. Cognates include West Frisian tou and German Tau.


manila

en-noun

manila (usually uncountable, plural manilas)

Fiber made from abaca (Manila hemp), used to make ropes and manila paper.


manila

manilowy (adjective)
manila (nominative singular)
manile (nominative plural)
manili (genitive singular)
manili (genitive plural)
manil (genitive plural)
manili (dative singular)
manilom (dative plural)
manilę (accusative singular)
manile (accusative plural)
manilą (instrumental singular)
manilami (instrumental plural)
manili (locative singular)
manilach (locative plural)
manilo (singular vocative)
manile (plural vocative)


бумага

ru-noun+

бума́га • (bumága) f inan (genitive бума́ги, nominative plural бума́ги, genitive plural бума́г, relational adjective бума́жный, diminutive бума́жка)

бума́га (canonical)
bumága (romanization)
бума́ги (genitive)
бума́ги (nominative plural)
бума́г (genitive plural)
бума́жный (adjective relational)
бума́жка (diminutive)
бума́га (nominative singular)
бума́ги (nominative plural)
бума́ги (genitive singular)
бума́г (genitive plural)
бума́ге (dative singular)
бума́гам (dative plural)
бума́гу (accusative singular)
бума́ги (accusative plural)
бума́гой (instrumental singular)
бума́гою (instrumental singular)
бума́гами (instrumental plural)
бума́ге (prepositional singular)
бума́гах (plural prepositional)
бума́га (dated nominative singular)
бума́ги (dated nominative plural)
бума́ги (dated genitive singular)
бума́гъ (dated genitive plural)
бума́гѣ (dated dative singular)
бума́гамъ (dated dative plural)
бума́гу (accusative dated singular)
бума́ги (accusative dated plural)
бума́гой (dated instrumental singular)
бума́гою (dated instrumental singular)
бума́гами (dated instrumental plural)
бума́гѣ (dated prepositional singular)
бума́гахъ (dated plural prepositional)

→ Ingrian: bumaga

→ Kildin Sami: пымме (pymmje)

Uncertain. Vasmer hypothesizes the existence of an earlier form, Old East Slavic *бубага (*bubaga), from which бума́га (bumága) formed through dissimilation, or perhaps a back-formation from бума́жный (bumážnyj). Believed to be ultimately from Middle Persian pmbk' (“cotton”) through the intermediary of some Mediterranean term for cotton wool and/or cloth (most probably Italian bambagia), since the first attestations of the root in the 15th and 16th centuries are mostly with a now obsolete sense, the only remnant of which in modern active vocabulary is хлопчатобума́жный (xlopčatobumážnyj, “made from cotton”). Paper was first imported into Russia from Italian states and the Byzantine Empire in the 14th century.


scheren

scheren (infinitive)
to scheren (infinitive)
schere (infinitive)
schern (infinitive)
schere (first-person present singular)
schar (first-person past singular)
scher (first-person past singular)
scherest (present second-person singular)
schere (past second-person singular)
schar (past second-person singular)
scher (past second-person singular)
schereth (present singular third-person)
schar (past singular third-person)
scher (past singular third-person)
schere (present singular subjunctive)
schere (past singular subjunctive)
schere (imperative present singular)
scheren (plural present)
schere (plural present)
schern (plural present)
scheren (past plural)
schere (past plural)
schereth (imperative plural present)
schere (imperative plural present)
scherynge (participle present)
scherende (participle present)
schoren (participle past)
schore (participle past)
schorn (participle past)
yschoren (participle past)
yschore (participle past)

English: shear

Scots: shear

Yola: shaure (preterite)

Inherited from Old English sċieran, from Proto-West Germanic *skeran, from Proto-Germanic *skeraną.

To cut; to slice with a sharp edge:
To shear; to remove hair, fur, or wool:
(rare) To shear or shave fabric.

To cut; to slice with a sharp edge:
To shear; to remove hair, fur, or wool:
To shear or shave fabric.


horsehair

en-noun

horsehair (countable and uncountable, plural horsehairs)

From Middle English hors her, horshere, hors-here, hors heer (also hors-hore), equivalent to horse + hair. Compare Old Norse hross-hár (“horsehair”).


runo

runo (nominative singular)
runa (nominative plural)
runa (genitive singular)
run (genitive plural)
runu (dative singular)
runom (dative plural)
runo (accusative singular)
runa (accusative plural)
runem (instrumental singular)
runami (instrumental plural)
runie (locative singular)
runach (locative plural)
runo (singular vocative)
runa (plural vocative)


runo

rȗno (canonical neuter)
ру̑но (Cyrillic)
runo (nominative singular)
runa (nominative plural)
runa (genitive singular)
runa (genitive plural)
runu (dative singular)
runima (dative plural)
runo (accusative singular)
runa (accusative plural)
runo (singular vocative)
runa (plural vocative)
runu (locative singular)
runima (locative plural)
runom (instrumental singular)
runima (instrumental plural)


runo

rūno (canonical neuter)
please help by adding the tonal marks.
rúno (nominative singular)
rúna (genitive singular)
rúnu (dative singular)
rúno (accusative singular)
rúnu (locative singular)
rúnom (instrumental singular)


har

From Middle High German hār, from Old High German hār, from Proto-West Germanic *hār, from Proto-Germanic *hērą (“hair”). Cognate with German Haar, English hair.


seta

Inherited from Classical Latin sēta, monophthongized alternative form of saeta (“bristle, hair; (Late Latin) silk”), from Proto-Italic *saitā, from Proto-Indo-European *séh₂it-o/eh₂-, *sh₂éyt-o/eh₂-, derived from the root *sh₂ey-, *seh₂i- (“to bind”).


sinew

From Middle English synwe, synewe (“tendon; ligament or other connective tissue; muscle; nerve; leaf vein”), from Old English sinu (“tendon, sinew; nerve”), from Proto-West Germanic *sinu, from Proto-Germanic *sinwō, *senawō (“sinew”), from Proto-Indo-European *snéh₁wr̥ (“sinew, tendon”), from *(s)neh₁- (“to twist (threads), spin, weave”).
The word is cognate with sinnow (“sinew”), Scots senon, sinnon, Saterland Frisian Siene (“sinew”), West Frisian senuw, sine (“sinew; nerve”), Dutch zenuw (“nerve, sinew”), German Sehne (“tendon, sinew; cord”), Icelandic sin (“tendon”), Swedish sena (“sinew”), Avestan 𐬯𐬥𐬁𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬭 (snāuuar, “tendon, sinew”), Ancient Greek νεῦρον (neûron, “tendon; nerve; cord”), Latin nervus (“tendon, sinew; nerve”), Sanskrit स्नावन् (snāván, “sinew, tendon; muscle”), Tocharian B ṣñor (“sinew”). Doublet of nerve and neuron.

cog

A cord or string, particularly (music) as of a musical instrument.

(figuratively) Muscular power, muscle; nerve, nervous energy; vigor, vigorous strength.

զորություն

muscular power, muscle; vigor, vigorous strength

[S]he loſt a noble and renowned brother, in his loue toward her, euer moſt kinde and naturall: with him the portion and ſinew of her fortune, her marriage dowry: with both, her combynate-husband, this well-ſeeming Angelo.

c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Measure for Measure”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i], page 72, column 2:

The Bodies of Men, Munition, and Mony may justly be called the ſinews of War, yet of them the two firſt are more neceſſary, for Men and Arms have means to find Mony and Meate: but Mony and Meate cannot ſo eaſily find Soldiers and ſwords.

1658, Walter Raleigh, “A Collection of Political Observations (Confirmed by Reason and Experience) Advertising Princes, Statesmen, and Private Persons how to Demean Themselves in All Fortunes and Events”, in The Cabinet-Council: Containing the Cheif^([sic]) Arts of Empire, and Mysteries of State; […], London: Published by John Milton; printed by Tho[mas] Newcomb for Tho[mas] Johnson […], →OCLC, page 101:

Good company and good discourse are the very sinews of virtue.

1653, Iz[aak] Wa[lton], The Compleat Angler or The Contemplative Man’s Recreation. Being a Discourse of Fish and Fishing, […], London: […] T. Maxey for Rich[ard] Marriot, […], →OCLC; reprinted as The Compleat Angler (Homo Ludens; 6), Nieuwkoop, South Holland, Netherlands: Miland Publishers, 1969, →ISBN:

(figuratively, often in the plural) That which gives strength or in which strength consists; a supporting factor or member; mainstay.

wilskracht

that which gives strength or in which strength consists


sinew

en-verb

sinew (third-person singular simple present sinews, present participle sinewing, simple past and past participle sinewed)

sinews (present singular third-person)
sinewing (participle present)
sinewed (participle past)
sinewed (past)

And now to London with Triumphant march, / There to be crowned Englands Royall King: / From whence, ſhall Warwicke cut the Sea to France, / And aske the Ladie Bona for thy Queene: / So ſhalt thou ſinow both theſe Lands together, / And hauing France thy Friend, thou ſhalt not dread / The ſcattred Foe, that hopes to riſe againe: […]

c. 1591–1592 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Third Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene vi], pages 157–158:

[I]t were to be wiſhed that we tried the restrictive arts of government, and made law the protector, but not the tyrant of the people. […] [W]e ſhould then find that wretches, now ſtuck up for long tortures, left luxury ſhould feel a momentary pang, might, if properly treated, ſerve to ſinew the ſtate in times of danger; […]

1766, [Oliver Goldsmith], “The Same Subject Continued”, in The Vicar of Wakefield: […], volume II, Salisbury, Wiltshire: […] B. Collins, for F[rancis] Newbery, […], →OCLC, page 123:

(transitive) To knit together or make strong with, or as if with, sinews.


oakum

en-noun

oakum (countable and uncountable, plural oakums)

From Late Middle English okom, okome (“oakum”) [and other forms], from Old English ācumba (“oakum”, literally “that which has been combed out, off-combings”) [and other forms], from ācemban (“to comb out”), from Proto-Germanic *uz- (from Proto-Indo-European *ud-s-, *ūd- (“out; up”), or *h₂ew- (“away from, off”)) + *kambijaną (“to comb”) (ultimately from *ǵómbʰos (“row of teeth; tooth; peg”), *ǵembʰ- (“nail; tooth; to gnaw through; to pierce”)). See also out and comb.

nb...

(Late Middle English) occome, ockom, ockombe, ocomb, okam, okcom, okem, okum, (Early Middle English) acuma

nb...

acuma, acumb, acumbe, æcumba, æcumbe, (Early Old English) æcembe, ecambe (Mercia)

since Adam was an oakum boy in Chatham Dockyard

when Adam was an oakum boy in Chatham Dockyard

Coarse fibres separated by hackling from flax or hemp when preparing the latter for spinning.

koudel

coarse fibres separated by hackling from flax or hemp when preparing the latter for spinning


lino

From Spanish lino, from Latin līnum, from Proto-Indo-European *līnom. Displaced balandan. Superseded by linen.

(archaic) linen; thread or cloth made from flax fiber


garn

English: garn (obsolete)

Borrowed from Old Norse garn, both from Proto-Germanic *garną. Doublet of yarn.


mohair

en-noun

mohair (countable and uncountable, plural mohairs)

→ French: moire (semi-learned), → mohair

desc

→ Italian: amoerro, amoerre, moerro, muerre (semi-learned), → moire

→ German: Mohair

→ Italian: mohair

→ Japanese: モヘア (mohea)

→ Portuguese: mohair

→ Russian: мохе́р (moxér)

→ Spanish: mohair

⇒ Chinese:

Mandarin: 馬海毛／马海毛 (mǎhǎimáo)/马海毛 (mǎhǎimáo)

Cantonese: 馬海毛／马海毛 (maa⁵ hoi² mou⁴)

Earlier mocayre, from Middle French mocayart and Italian mocaiardo, mocaiarro, both from Arabic مُخَيَّر (muḵayyar, “choice”), past participle of خَيَّرَ (ḵayyara, “to choose”). Form probably influenced by hair. Compare mockado, moire.

mohair goat, mohair kid


mohair

Borrowed from French mohair, itself a borrowing from English mohair, from Italian mocaiardo, mocaiarro, from Arabic مُخَيَّر (muḵayyar, “choice”).


burnet

English: burnet

Scots: burnet

Borrowed from Old French brunet, brunete (“brunette”).


harl

Cognate with Middle Low German herle, Low German harle, Saterland Frisian harrel (“hemp fibre”).

She pushed her fingers under the cream lace, into the ginger harl of spun glass.

A fibre, especially a fibre of hemp or flax, or an individual fibre of a feather.


kangas

kangas (nominative singular)
kankaat (nominative plural)
kankaan (genitive singular)
kankain (genitive plural)
kangasta (partitive singular)
kangast (partitive singular)
kankaita (partitive plural)
kankaja (partitive plural)
kankaasse (illative singular)
kankaisse (illative plural)
kankaas (inessive singular)
kankais (inessive plural)
kankaast (elative singular)
kankaist (elative plural)
kankaalle (allative singular)
kankaille (allative plural)
kankaal (adessive singular)
kankail (adessive plural)
kankaalt (ablative singular)
kankailt (ablative plural)
kankaaks (singular translative)
kankaiks (plural translative)
kankaanna (essive singular)
kankaan (essive singular)
kankainna (essive plural)
kankain (essive plural)
kankaant (exessive singular)
kankaint (exessive plural)

From Proto-Finnic *kangas. Cognates include Finnish kangas and Estonian kangas.

Mamalle osti kangaste.

1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 44:


памук

bg-noun

паму́к • (pamúk) m

паму́к (canonical)
pamúk (romanization)
паму́к (indefinite singular)
паму́ци (indefinite plural)
паму́кът (definite singular subjective)
паму́ците (definite plural subjective)
паму́ка (definite objective singular)
паму́ците (definite objective plural)
паму́ка (count-form plural)

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish پاموق (pamuk).


памук

mk-noun

памук • (pamuk) m (relational adjective памучен, diminutive памуче)

pamuk (romanization)
памучен (adjective relational)
памуче (diminutive)
памук (indefinite singular)
памуци (indefinite plural)
памукот (definite singular unspecified)
памуците (definite plural unspecified)
памуков (definite proximal singular)
памуциве (definite plural proximal)
памукон (definite distal singular)
памуцине (definite distal plural)
памуку (singular vocative)
памуци (plural vocative)
памука (count-form plural)


памук

па̀мук (canonical masculine)
pàmuk (romanization)
памук (nominative singular)
памука (genitive singular)
памуку (dative singular)
памук (accusative singular)
памуку (singular vocative)
памуче (singular vocative)
памуку (locative singular)
памуком (instrumental singular)

sh-decl-noun-unc

памуку / памуче


len

len (nominative singular)
lny (nominative plural)
lnu (genitive singular)
lnů (genitive plural)
lnu (dative singular)
lnům (dative plural)
len (accusative singular)
lny (accusative plural)
lne (singular vocative)
lny (plural vocative)
lnu (locative singular)
lnech (locative plural)
lnem (instrumental singular)
lny (instrumental plural)

Inherited from Old Czech len, from Proto-Slavic *lьnъ from Proto-Indo-European *lino-.


kaz

head

kaz (definite accusative kazı, plural kazlar)

kazı (accusative definite)
kazlar (plural)
kaz (nominative singular)
kazlar (nominative plural)
kazı (accusative definite singular)
kazları (accusative definite plural)
kaza (dative singular)
kazlara (dative plural)
kazda (locative singular)
kazlarda (locative plural)
kazdan (ablative singular)
kazlardan (ablative plural)
kazın (genitive singular)
kazların (genitive plural)
kazım (first-person nominative singular)
kazlarım (first-person nominative singular)
kazın (nominative second-person singular)
kazların (nominative second-person singular)
kazı (nominative singular third-person)
kazları (nominative singular third-person)
kazımız (first-person nominative plural)
kazlarımız (first-person nominative plural)
kazınız (nominative plural second-person)
kazlarınız (nominative plural second-person)
kazları (nominative plural third-person)
kazımı (accusative definite first-person singular)
kazlarımı (accusative definite first-person singular)
kazını (accusative definite second-person singular)
kazlarını (accusative definite second-person singular)
kazını (accusative definite singular third-person)
kazlarını (accusative definite singular third-person)
kazımızı (accusative definite first-person plural)
kazlarımızı (accusative definite first-person plural)
kazınızı (accusative definite plural second-person)
kazlarınızı (accusative definite plural second-person)
kazlarını (accusative definite plural third-person)
kazıma (dative first-person singular)
kazlarıma (dative first-person singular)
kazına (dative second-person singular)
kazlarına (dative second-person singular)
kazına (dative singular third-person)
kazlarına (dative singular third-person)
kazımıza (dative first-person plural)
kazlarımıza (dative first-person plural)
kazınıza (dative plural second-person)
kazlarınıza (dative plural second-person)
kazlarına (dative plural third-person)
kazımda (first-person locative singular)
kazlarımda (first-person locative singular)
kazında (locative second-person singular)
kazlarında (locative second-person singular)
kazında (locative singular third-person)
kazlarında (locative singular third-person)
kazımızda (first-person locative plural)
kazlarımızda (first-person locative plural)
kazınızda (locative plural second-person)
kazlarınızda (locative plural second-person)
kazlarında (locative plural third-person)
kazımdan (ablative first-person singular)
kazlarımdan (ablative first-person singular)
kazından (ablative second-person singular)
kazlarından (ablative second-person singular)
kazından (ablative singular third-person)
kazlarından (ablative singular third-person)
kazımızdan (ablative first-person plural)
kazlarımızdan (ablative first-person plural)
kazınızdan (ablative plural second-person)
kazlarınızdan (ablative plural second-person)
kazlarından (ablative plural third-person)
kazımın (first-person genitive singular)
kazlarımın (first-person genitive singular)
kazının (genitive second-person singular)
kazlarının (genitive second-person singular)
kazının (genitive singular third-person)
kazlarının (genitive singular third-person)
kazımızın (first-person genitive plural)
kazlarımızın (first-person genitive plural)
kazınızın (genitive plural second-person)
kazlarınızın (genitive plural second-person)
kazlarının (genitive plural third-person)
kazım (first-person singular)
kazlarım (first-person singular)
kazsın (second-person singular)
kazlarsın (second-person singular)
kaz (singular third-person)
kazdır (singular third-person)
kazlar (singular third-person)
kazlardır (singular third-person)
kazız (first-person plural)
kazlarız (first-person plural)
kazsınız (plural second-person)
kazlarsınız (plural second-person)
kazlar (plural third-person)
kazlardır (plural third-person)

From Ottoman Turkish قز (kazz, kaz, “silk, raw silk”), from Arabic قَزّ (qazz, “silk; silkware”).


pashmina

en-noun

pashmina (countable and uncountable, plural pashminas)

From Persian پشمینه (pašmine). Compare پشمین (pašmin).


volna

vółna (canonical feminine)
please help by adding the tonal marks.
vôlna (nominative singular)
vôlni (dual nominative)
vôlne (nominative plural)
vôlne (genitive singular)
vôln (dual genitive)
vôln (genitive plural)
vôlni (dative singular)
vôlnama (dative dual)
vôlnam (dative plural)
vôlno (accusative singular)
vôlni (accusative dual)
vôlne (accusative plural)
vôlni (locative singular)
vôlnah (dual locative)
vôlnah (locative plural)
vôlno (instrumental singular)
vôlnama (dual instrumental)
vôlnami (instrumental plural)

From Proto-Slavic *vьlna (“wool”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wĺ̥h₁neh₂ (“wool”).


vuna

vȕna (canonical feminine)
ву̏на (Cyrillic)
vuna (nominative singular)
vune (nominative plural)
vune (genitive singular)
vuna (genitive plural)
vuni (dative singular)
vunama (dative plural)
vunu (accusative singular)
vune (accusative plural)
vuno (singular vocative)
vune (plural vocative)
vuni (locative singular)
vunama (locative plural)
vunom (instrumental singular)
vunama (instrumental plural)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vьlna, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wílˀnāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wĺ̥h₁neh₂.


buli

fiber extracted from the leaves of this plant


byssus

byssus (usually uncountable, plural byssi or byssuses)

From New Latin byssus (“sea silk”), from Latin byssus (“fine cotton or cotton stuff, silk”), from Ancient Greek βύσσος (bússos, “a very fine yellowish flax and the linen woven from it”), from Hebrew בּוּץ (búts), Aramaic בּוּצָא (būṣā).

der

Aramaic בּוּצָא (būṣā)

Sea silk manufactured from these filaments.


byssus

la-noun

byssus f (genitive byssī); second declension

byssī (genitive)
byssus (nominative singular)
byssī (nominative plural)
byssī (genitive singular)
byssōrum (genitive plural)
byssō (dative singular)
byssīs (dative plural)
byssum (accusative singular)
byssōs (accusative plural)
byssō (ablative singular)
byssīs (ablative plural)
bysse (singular vocative)
byssī (plural vocative)

Translingual: Byssus

From Ancient Greek βύσσος (bússos, “a very fine yellowish flax and the linen woven from it”), from Biblical Hebrew בּוּץ (búts), Aramaic בּוש (bus).


vlas

→? Mahican: pnax

From Middle Dutch vlas, from Old Dutch *flas, from earlier *flahs, from Proto-Germanic *flahsą, from Proto-Indo-European *pleḱ- (“to fold, plait, weave”); thus distantly related to vlechten.


spinnen

spinnen (infinitive)
to spinnen (infinitive)
spinne (infinitive)
spinne (first-person present singular)
span (first-person past singular)
spinnest (present second-person singular)
spunne (past second-person singular)
spanne (past second-person singular)
span (past second-person singular)
spinneth (present singular third-person)
span (past singular third-person)
spinne (present singular subjunctive)
spunne (past singular subjunctive)
spanne (past singular subjunctive)
spinne (imperative present singular)
spinnen (plural present)
spinne (plural present)
spunnen (past plural)
spunne (past plural)
spannen (past plural)
spanne (past plural)
spinneth (imperative plural present)
spinne (imperative plural present)
spinnynge (participle present)
spinnende (participle present)
spunnen (participle past)
spunne (participle past)

English: spin

Scots: spin

To make fabric or fabric garments out of fibre.


си

śi (romanization)
си (nominative singular)
сияс (nominative plural)
си (accusative accusative-i singular)
сияс (accusative accusative-i plural)
сиӧс (accusative accusative-ii singular)
сиясӧс (accusative accusative-ii plural)
сиӧн (instrumental singular)
сиясӧн (instrumental plural)
сикӧд (comitative singular)
сияскӧд (comitative plural)
ситӧг (caritive singular)
сиястӧг (caritive plural)
сила (consecutive singular)
сиясла (consecutive plural)
силӧн (genitive singular)
сияслӧн (genitive plural)
силысь (ablative singular)
сияслысь (ablative plural)
силы (dative singular)
сияслы (dative plural)
сиын (inessive singular)
сиясын (inessive plural)
сиысь (elative singular)
сиясысь (elative plural)
сиӧ (illative singular)
сиясӧ (illative plural)
сисянь (egressive singular)
сияссянь (egressive plural)
силань (approximative singular)
сияслань (approximative plural)
сиӧдз (singular terminative)
сиясӧдз (plural terminative)
сиӧд (prolative prolative-i singular)
сиясӧд (plural prolative prolative-i)
ситі (prolative prolative-ii singular)
сиясті (plural prolative prolative-ii)
сиӧй (nominative singular)
сиясӧй (nominative plural)
сиӧй (accusative accusative-i singular)
сиясӧй (accusative accusative-i plural)
сиӧс (accusative accusative-ii singular)
сиясӧс (accusative accusative-ii plural)
синам (instrumental singular)
сияснам (instrumental plural)
сиӧйкӧд (comitative singular)
сиясӧйкӧд (comitative plural)
ситӧгым (caritive singular)
сиястӧгым (caritive plural)
сиӧйла (consecutive singular)
сиясӧйла (consecutive plural)
сиӧйлӧн (genitive singular)
сиясӧйлӧн (genitive plural)
сиӧйлысь (ablative singular)
сиясӧйлысь (ablative plural)
сиӧйлы (dative singular)
сиясӧйлы (dative plural)
сиам (inessive singular)
сиясам (inessive plural)
сисьым (elative singular)
сияссьым (elative plural)
сиам (illative singular)
сиясам (illative plural)
сисяньым (egressive singular)
сияссяньым (egressive plural)
силаньым (approximative singular)
сиясланьым (approximative plural)
сиӧдзым (singular terminative)
сиясӧдзым (plural terminative)
сиӧдым (prolative prolative-i singular)
сиясӧдым (plural prolative prolative-i)
ситіым (prolative prolative-ii singular)
сиястіым (plural prolative prolative-ii)
сиыд (nominative singular)
сиясыд (nominative plural)
сиыд (accusative accusative-i singular)
сиясыд (accusative accusative-i plural)
ситӧ (accusative accusative-ii singular)
сиястӧ (accusative accusative-ii plural)
синад (instrumental singular)
сияснад (instrumental plural)
сиыдкӧд (comitative singular)
сиясыдкӧд (comitative plural)
ситӧгыд (caritive singular)
сиястӧгыд (caritive plural)
сиыдла (consecutive singular)
сиясыдла (consecutive plural)
сиыдлӧн (genitive singular)
сиясыдлӧн (genitive plural)
сиыдлысь (ablative singular)
сиясыдлысь (ablative plural)
сиыдлы (dative singular)
сиясыдлы (dative plural)
сиад (inessive singular)
сиясад (inessive plural)
сисьыд (elative singular)
сияссьыд (elative plural)
сиад (illative singular)
сиясад (illative plural)
сисяньыд (egressive singular)
сияссяньыд (egressive plural)
силаньыд (approximative singular)
сиясланьыд (approximative plural)
сиӧдзыд (singular terminative)
сиясӧдзыд (plural terminative)
сиӧдыд (prolative prolative-i singular)
сиясӧдыд (plural prolative prolative-i)
ситіыд (prolative prolative-ii singular)
сиястіыд (plural prolative prolative-ii)
сиыс (nominative singular)
сиясыс (nominative plural)
сиыс (accusative accusative-i singular)
сиясыс (accusative accusative-i plural)
сисӧ (accusative accusative-ii singular)
сияссӧ (accusative accusative-ii plural)
синас (instrumental singular)
сияснас (instrumental plural)
сиыскӧд (comitative singular)
сиясыскӧд (comitative plural)
ситӧгыс (caritive singular)
сиястӧгыс (caritive plural)
сиысла (consecutive singular)
сиясысла (consecutive plural)
сиыслӧн (genitive singular)
сиясыслӧн (genitive plural)
сиыслысь (ablative singular)
сиясыслысь (ablative plural)
сиыслы (dative singular)
сиясыслы (dative plural)
сиас (inessive singular)
сиясас (inessive plural)
сисьыс (elative singular)
сияссьыс (elative plural)
сиас (illative singular)
сиясас (illative plural)
сисяньыс (egressive singular)
сияссяньыс (egressive plural)
силаньыс (approximative singular)
сиясланьыс (approximative plural)
сиӧдзыс (singular terminative)
сиясӧдзыс (plural terminative)
сиӧдыс (prolative prolative-i singular)
сиясӧдыс (plural prolative prolative-i)
ситіыс (prolative prolative-ii singular)
сиястіыс (plural prolative prolative-ii)
синым (nominative singular)
сиясным (nominative plural)
синым (accusative accusative-i singular)
сиясным (accusative accusative-i plural)
синымӧ (accusative accusative-ii singular)
сияснымӧ (accusative accusative-ii plural)
синаным (instrumental singular)
сияснаным (instrumental plural)
синымкӧд (comitative singular)
сияснымкӧд (comitative plural)
ситӧгным (caritive singular)
сиястӧгным (caritive plural)
синымла (consecutive singular)
сияснымла (consecutive plural)
синымлӧн (genitive singular)
сияснымлӧн (genitive plural)
синымлысь (ablative singular)
сияснымлысь (ablative plural)
синымлы (dative singular)
сияснымлы (dative plural)
сианым (inessive singular)
сиясаным (inessive plural)
сисьыным (elative singular)
сияссьыным (elative plural)
сианым (illative singular)
сиясаным (illative plural)
сисяньным (egressive singular)
сияссяньным (egressive plural)
силаньным (approximative singular)
сиясланьным (approximative plural)
сиӧдзным (singular terminative)
сиясӧдзным (plural terminative)
сиӧдным (prolative prolative-i singular)
сиясӧдным (plural prolative prolative-i)
ситіным (prolative prolative-ii singular)
сиястіным (plural prolative prolative-ii)
синыд (nominative singular)
сиясныд (nominative plural)
синыд (accusative accusative-i singular)
сиясныд (accusative accusative-i plural)
синытӧ (accusative accusative-ii singular)
сияснытӧ (accusative accusative-ii plural)
синаныд (instrumental singular)
сияснаныд (instrumental plural)
синыдкӧд (comitative singular)
сиясныдкӧд (comitative plural)
ситӧгныд (caritive singular)
сиястӧгныд (caritive plural)
синыдла (consecutive singular)
сиясныдла (consecutive plural)
синыдлӧн (genitive singular)
сиясныдлӧн (genitive plural)
синыдлысь (ablative singular)
сиясныдлысь (ablative plural)
синыдлы (dative singular)
сиясныдлы (dative plural)
сианыд (inessive singular)
сиясаныд (inessive plural)
сисьыныд (elative singular)
сияссьыныд (elative plural)
сианыд (illative singular)
сиясаныд (illative plural)
сисяньныд (egressive singular)
сияссяньныд (egressive plural)
силаньныд (approximative singular)
сиясланьныд (approximative plural)
сиӧдзныд (singular terminative)
сиясӧдзныд (plural terminative)
сиӧдныд (prolative prolative-i singular)
сиясӧдныд (plural prolative prolative-i)
ситіныд (prolative prolative-ii singular)
сиястіныд (plural prolative prolative-ii)
синыс (nominative singular)
сиясныс (nominative plural)
синыс (accusative accusative-i singular)
сиясныс (accusative accusative-i plural)
синысӧ (accusative accusative-ii singular)
сияснысӧ (accusative accusative-ii plural)
синаныс (instrumental singular)
сияснаныс (instrumental plural)
синымкӧс (comitative singular)
сияснымкӧс (comitative plural)
ситӧгныс (caritive singular)
сиястӧгныс (caritive plural)
синысла (consecutive singular)
сияснысла (consecutive plural)
синыслӧн (genitive singular)
сиясныслӧн (genitive plural)
синыслысь (ablative singular)
сиясныслысь (ablative plural)
синыслы (dative singular)
сиясныслы (dative plural)
сианыс (inessive singular)
сиясаныс (inessive plural)
сисьыныс (elative singular)
сияссьыныс (elative plural)
сианыс (illative singular)
сиясаныс (illative plural)
сисяньныс (egressive singular)
сияссяньныс (egressive plural)
силаньныс (approximative singular)
сиясланьныс (approximative plural)
сиӧдзныс (singular terminative)
сиясӧдзныс (plural terminative)
сиӧдныс (prolative prolative-i singular)
сиясӧдныс (plural prolative prolative-i)
ситіныс (prolative prolative-ii singular)
сиястіныс (plural prolative prolative-ii)

From Proto-Permic *śi, from Proto-Uralic *säŋä. Cognates include Finnish sää (“thread”) and Hungarian sző (“to weave”).


ramie

en-noun

ramie (countable and uncountable, plural ramies)

(usually uncountable) The fibre extracted from this plant known especially for its ability to hold shape, reduce wrinkling, and introduce a silky lustre used to make textiles, fishing nets, upholstery, etc.


canapa

From Late Latin canapa, from Latin cannabis, from Ancient Greek κάνναβις (kánnabis); see there for more. Doublet of the borrowing cannabis. Compare Sicilian cànnavu and English canvas.

(collective) the fibers of the hemp plant


大麻

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (大麻):
* → Japanese: 大(たい)麻(ま) (taima)
* → Korean: 대마(大麻) (daema)

/taːi̯²² maː²¹/

/tua²²⁻²¹ muã²⁴/

/tua⁴¹⁻²² muã²⁴/

/tua²²⁻²¹ muã¹³/

/tua³³⁻¹¹ muã²⁴/

/tua³³⁻²¹ muã²³/

/taːi̯²² maː²¹/

/tua²²⁻²¹ muã²⁴/

/tua⁴¹⁻²² muã²⁴/

/tua²²⁻²¹ muã¹³/

/tua³³⁻¹¹ muã²⁴/

/tua³³⁻²¹ muã²³/

/taːi̯²² maː²¹/


pó

Poquîgâ.

1622, anonymous author, “Çuja cousa ser como quer .s. da 1.ª maneira”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica, volume 1 (overall work in Old Tupi and Portuguese), Piratininga, page 87; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, São Paulo: USP, 1953:


麻布

/muã²⁴⁻²² pɔ²¹/

/muã²⁴⁻²² pɔ⁴¹/

/muã¹³⁻²² pɔ²¹/

/muã²⁴⁻¹¹ pɔ¹¹/

/muã²³⁻³³ pɔ²¹/

/muã²⁴⁻²² pɔ²¹/

/muã²⁴⁻²² pɔ⁴¹/

/muã¹³⁻²² pɔ²¹/

/muã²⁴⁻¹¹ pɔ¹¹/

/muã²³⁻³³ pɔ²¹/


hoor

From Old High German hār, from Proto-Germanic *hērą. Compare German Haar, Dutch haar, English hair, Swedish hår.

(Carcoforo, anatomy) hair (the long hair on a person's head)


burlap

en-noun

burlap (countable and uncountable, plural burlaps)

Uncertain. Attested since about 1695 in the spelling bore-lap, borelapp. Likely from burel (“a coarse woollen cloth”) + lap (“flap of a garment”), where the first element is from Middle English burel, borel. Others feel that "its character and time of appearance makes a Dutch origin very likely" (and the earliest references as to its importation from the Netherlands); the NED suggests derivation from Dutch boenlap (“coarse, rubbing linen or cloth”) with the first element perhaps confused with boer; Bense instead suggests derivation from an unattested Dutch *boerenlap, where *boeren supposedly has an extended sense of "coarse" as in Dutch boerenkost (“coarse, heavy food as is eaten by farmers”) and boerengoed (from Dutch boer (“farmer, peasant”); compare English boor), though this word is not attested.

cog

“A ranger responded and found two whole chickens in a burlap sack in a hot spring,” she said. A cooking pot was also found nearby.

2020 November 11, Johnny Diaz, Concepción de León, “3 Visitors Banned From Yellowstone After Cooking Chickens in Hot Spring”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(US) A very strong, coarse cloth, made from jute, flax, or hemp, and used to make sacks, etc.


hempen

English: hempen

Scots: hempen

Possibly from an Old English *hænepen; however this word is attested relatively late and was probably formed anew in Middle English. Equivalent to hemp + -en (“made of”).


bagasse

en-noun

bagasse (countable and uncountable, plural bagasses)

From French bagasse, from Spanish bagazo, from baga (“berry”).

The residue from processing sugar cane after the juice is extracted.

সিটা

the residue from processing sugar cane after the juice is extracted


flees

English: fleece

→ Finnish: fliisi

→ German: Fleece

Scots: fleis

Yola: flaase

From Old English flēos, from Proto-West Germanic *fleus, from Proto-Germanic *fleusaz.

A sheepskin or fleece; the skin of a sheep.


svila

svíla (canonical feminine)
сви́ла (Cyrillic)
svila (nominative singular)
svile (nominative plural)
svile (genitive singular)
svila (genitive plural)
svili (dative singular)
svilama (dative plural)
svilu (accusative singular)
svile (accusative plural)
svilo (singular vocative)
svile (plural vocative)
svili (locative singular)
svilama (locative plural)
svilom (instrumental singular)
svilama (instrumental plural)


svila

svȋla (canonical feminine)
please help by adding the tonal marks.
svíla (nominative singular)
svíle (genitive singular)
svíli (dative singular)
svílo (accusative singular)
svíli (locative singular)
svílo (instrumental singular)


свила

bg-noun

сви́ла • (svíla) f (relational adjective сви́лен)

сви́ла (canonical)
svíla (romanization)
сви́лен (adjective relational)
сви́ла (indefinite singular)
сви́лата (definite singular)


свила

сви́ла (canonical feminine)
svíla (romanization)
свила (nominative singular)
свиле (nominative plural)
свиле (genitive singular)
свила (genitive plural)
свили (dative singular)
свилама (dative plural)
свилу (accusative singular)
свиле (accusative plural)
свило (singular vocative)
свиле (plural vocative)
свили (locative singular)
свилама (locative plural)
свилом (instrumental singular)
свилама (instrumental plural)


lín

lín (nominative singular)
lín (dual nominative)
lín (nominative plural)
lína (nominative plural)
lín (singular vocative)
lín (dual vocative)
lín (plural vocative)
lína (plural vocative)
lín (accusative singular)
lín (accusative dual)
lín (accusative plural)
lína (accusative plural)
lín (genitive singular)
lín (dual genitive)
lín (genitive plural)
lín (dative singular)
línaib (dative dual)
línaib (dative plural)
lín
also llín after a proclitic
ending in a vowel

Irish: líon (“flax”)

Scottish Gaelic: lìon (“net”)


camelhair

en-noun

camelhair (countable and uncountable, plural camelhairs)


buhok

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buhək, from Proto-Austronesian *bukəS.
First attested in Antonio Pigafetta's Relazione del primo viaggio intorno al mondo—detailing the first circumnavigation of the world between 1519 and 1522.

Pigafetta

Antonio Pigafetta
Magellan's circumnavigation


liina

liina (nominative singular)
liinat (nominative plural)
liinan (genitive singular)
liinoin (genitive plural)
liinaa (partitive singular)
liinoja (partitive plural)
liinaa (illative singular)
liinoi (illative plural)
liinaas (inessive singular)
liinois (inessive plural)
liinast (elative singular)
liinoist (elative plural)
liinalle (allative singular)
liinoille (allative plural)
liinaal (adessive singular)
liinoil (adessive plural)
liinalt (ablative singular)
liinoilt (ablative plural)
liinaks (singular translative)
liinoiks (plural translative)
liinanna (essive singular)
liinaan (essive singular)
liinoinna (essive plural)
liinoin (essive plural)
liinant (exessive singular)
liinoint (exessive plural)

From Proto-Finnic *liina. Cognates include Finnish liina and Veps lin.


kabel

kabellar (plural)
kabel (nominative singular)
kabellar (nominative plural)
kabelning (genitive singular)
kabellarning (genitive plural)
kabelga (dative singular)
kabellarga (dative plural)
kabelni (accusative definite singular)
kabellarni (accusative definite plural)
kabelda (locative singular)
kabellarda (locative plural)
kabeldan (ablative singular)
kabellardan (ablative plural)
kabeldek (singular)
kabellardek (plural)
kabelim (nominative possessive singular)
kabellarim (nominative plural possessive)
kabelimning (genitive possessive singular)
kabellarimning (genitive plural possessive)
kabelimga (dative possessive singular)
kabellarimga (dative plural possessive)
kabelimni (accusative definite possessive singular)
kabellarimni (accusative definite plural possessive)
kabelimda (locative possessive singular)
kabellarimda (locative plural possessive)
kabelimdan (ablative possessive singular)
kabellarimdan (ablative plural possessive)
kabelimdek (possessive singular)
kabellarimdek (plural possessive)
kabeling (nominative possessive singular)
kabellaring (nominative plural possessive)
kabelingning (genitive possessive singular)
kabellaringning (genitive plural possessive)
kabelingga (dative possessive singular)
kabellaringga (dative plural possessive)
kabelingni (accusative definite possessive singular)
kabellaringni (accusative definite plural possessive)
kabelingda (locative possessive singular)
kabellaringda (locative plural possessive)
kabelingdan (ablative possessive singular)
kabellaringdan (ablative plural possessive)
kabelingdek (possessive singular)
kabellaringdek (plural possessive)
kabeli (nominative possessive singular)
kabellari (nominative plural possessive)
kabelining (genitive possessive singular)
kabellarining (genitive plural possessive)
kabeliga (dative possessive singular)
kabellariga (dative plural possessive)
kabelini (accusative definite possessive singular)
kabellarini (accusative definite plural possessive)
kabelida (locative possessive singular)
kabellarida (locative plural possessive)
kabelidan (ablative possessive singular)
kabellaridan (ablative plural possessive)
kabelidek (possessive singular)
kabellaridek (plural possessive)
kabelimiz (nominative possessive singular)
kabellarimiz (nominative plural possessive)
kabelimizning (genitive possessive singular)
kabellarimizning (genitive plural possessive)
kabelimizga (dative possessive singular)
kabellarimizga (dative plural possessive)
kabelimizni (accusative definite possessive singular)
kabellarimizni (accusative definite plural possessive)
kabelimizda (locative possessive singular)
kabellarimizda (locative plural possessive)
kabelimizdan (ablative possessive singular)
kabellarimizdan (ablative plural possessive)
kabelimizdek (possessive singular)
kabellarimizdek (plural possessive)
kabelingiz (nominative possessive singular)
kabellaringiz (nominative plural possessive)
kabelingizning (genitive possessive singular)
kabellaringizning (genitive plural possessive)
kabelingizga (dative possessive singular)
kabellaringizga (dative plural possessive)
kabelingizni (accusative definite possessive singular)
kabellaringizni (accusative definite plural possessive)
kabelingizda (locative possessive singular)
kabellaringizda (locative plural possessive)
kabelingizdan (ablative possessive singular)
kabellaringizdan (ablative plural possessive)
kabelingizdek (possessive singular)
kabellaringizdek (plural possessive)
kabelidek (possessive)
kabellaridek (possessive)

Borrowed from Russian ка́бель (kábelʹ), from German Kabel or Dutch kabel.


puuvilla

puuvilla (nominative singular)
puuvillat (nominative plural)
puuvillan (genitive singular)
puuvilloin (genitive plural)
puuvillaa (partitive singular)
puuvilloja (partitive plural)
puuvillaa (illative singular)
puuvilloihe (illative plural)
puuvillaas (inessive singular)
puuvillois (inessive plural)
puuvillast (elative singular)
puuvilloist (elative plural)
puuvillalle (allative singular)
puuvilloille (allative plural)
puuvillaal (adessive singular)
puuvilloil (adessive plural)
puuvillalt (ablative singular)
puuvilloilt (ablative plural)
puuvillaks (singular translative)
puuvilloiks (plural translative)
puuvillanna (essive singular)
puuvillaan (essive singular)
puuvilloinna (essive plural)
puuvilloin (essive plural)
puuvillant (exessive singular)
puuvilloint (exessive plural)

/ˈpuːˌʋilːɑ/

/ˈpuːˌʋilːɑ/

[ˈpuːˌʋiɫːɑ]

From puu (“tree”) + villa (“wool”), ultimately a calque of German Baumwolle. Akin to Finnish puuvilla and Estonian puuvill.


synthetic fiber

en-noun

synthetic fiber (countable and uncountable, plural synthetic fibers)

Any fiber made by extruding a synthetic substance through spinnerets to make a thread.


asbest

→ Indonesian: asbès

→ Papiamentu: asbèst

From Middle Dutch asbeston, from Latin asbestos, from Ancient Greek ἄσβεστος (ásbestos).


vlákno

vlákno (nominative singular)
vlákna (nominative plural)
vlákna (genitive singular)
vláken (genitive plural)
vláknu (dative singular)
vláknům (dative plural)
vlákno (accusative singular)
vlákna (accusative plural)
vlákno (singular vocative)
vlákna (plural vocative)
vlákně (locative singular)
vláknu (locative singular)
vláknech (locative plural)
vláknem (instrumental singular)
vlákny (instrumental plural)

Inherited from Old Czech vlákno, from Proto-Slavic *volkno.


vlákno

sk-noun

vlákno n (genitive singular vlákna, nominative plural vlákna, genitive plural vláken, vlákien, declension pattern of mesto)

vlákna (genitive singular)
vlákna (nominative plural)
vláken (genitive plural)
vlákien (genitive plural)
mesto (declension-pattern-of)
vlákno (nominative singular)
vlákna (nominative plural)
vlákna (genitive singular)
vláken (genitive plural)
vlákien (genitive plural)
vláknu (dative singular)
vláknam (dative plural)
vlákno (accusative singular)
vlákna (accusative plural)
vlákne (locative singular)
vláknach (locative plural)
vláknom (instrumental singular)
vláknami (instrumental plural)


abacá

Manila hemp (a fibre extracted from the abaca)


hius

hius (nominative singular)
hiukset (nominative plural)
hiuksen (genitive singular)
hiuksiin (genitive plural)
hiusta (partitive singular)
hiust (partitive singular)
hiuksia (partitive plural)
hiuksee (illative singular)
hiuksii (illative plural)
hiuksees (inessive singular)
hiuksiis (inessive plural)
hiuksest (elative singular)
hiuksist (elative plural)
hiukselle (allative singular)
hiuksille (allative plural)
hiukseel (adessive singular)
hiuksiil (adessive plural)
hiukselt (ablative singular)
hiuksilt (ablative plural)
hiukseks (singular translative)
hiuksiks (plural translative)
hiuksenna (essive singular)
hiukseen (essive singular)
hiuksinna (essive plural)
hiuksiin (essive plural)
hiuksent (exessive singular)
hiuksint (exessive plural)

From Proto-Finnic *hibus. Cognates include Finnish hius and Estonian juus.


tuut

túut (canonical masculine)
túut (absolutive)
túutu (predicative)
túut (subjective)
túut (genitive)
túutul (l-case with-postposition)
túutuk (k-case with-postposition)
túutut (t-case with-postposition)
túutuh (h-case with-postposition)


حشيش

حَشِيش (canonical)
ḥašīš (romanization)
حَشِيشَة (feminine singulative)
حَشَائِش (plural)
حَشِيش (collective indefinite informal triptote)
الْحَشِيش (collective definite informal triptote)
حَشِيش (collective construct informal triptote)
حَشِيشٌ (collective indefinite nominative triptote)
الْحَشِيشُ (collective definite nominative triptote)
حَشِيشُ (collective construct nominative triptote)
حَشِيشًا (accusative collective indefinite triptote)
الْحَشِيشَ (accusative collective definite triptote)
حَشِيشَ (accusative collective construct triptote)
حَشِيشٍ (collective genitive indefinite triptote)
الْحَشِيشِ (collective definite genitive triptote)
حَشِيشِ (collective construct genitive triptote)
حَشِيشَة (ar-infl-a collective indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْحَشِيشَة (ar-infl-a collective definite informal singulative triptote)
حَشِيشَة (ar-infl-a collective construct informal singulative triptote)
حَشِيشَةٌ (ar-infl-a collective indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْحَشِيشَةُ (ar-infl-a collective definite nominative singulative triptote)
حَشِيشَةُ (ar-infl-a collective construct nominative singulative triptote)
حَشِيشَةً (accusative ar-infl-a collective indefinite singulative triptote)
الْحَشِيشَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite singulative triptote)
حَشِيشَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct singulative triptote)
حَشِيشَةٍ (ar-infl-a collective genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْحَشِيشَةِ (ar-infl-a collective definite genitive singulative triptote)
حَشِيشَةِ (ar-infl-a collective construct genitive singulative triptote)
حَشِيشَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite informal singulative triptote)
الْحَشِيشَتَيْن (ar-infl-a collective definite dual informal singulative triptote)
حَشِيشَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual informal singulative triptote)
حَشِيشَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite nominative singulative triptote)
الْحَشِيشَتَانِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual nominative singulative triptote)
حَشِيشَتَا (ar-infl-a collective construct dual nominative singulative triptote)
حَشِيشَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective dual indefinite singulative triptote)
الْحَشِيشَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a collective definite dual singulative triptote)
حَشِيشَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a collective construct dual singulative triptote)
حَشِيشَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective dual genitive indefinite singulative triptote)
الْحَشِيشَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a collective definite dual genitive singulative triptote)
حَشِيشَتَيْ (ar-infl-a collective construct dual genitive singulative triptote)
حَشِيشَات (feminine indefinite informal paucal sound-form)
الْحَشِيشَات (definite feminine informal paucal sound-form)
حَشِيشَات (construct feminine informal paucal sound-form)
حَشِيشَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative paucal sound-form)
الْحَشِيشَاتُ (definite feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
حَشِيشَاتُ (construct feminine nominative paucal sound-form)
حَشِيشَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْحَشِيشَاتِ (accusative definite feminine paucal sound-form)
حَشِيشَاتِ (accusative construct feminine paucal sound-form)
حَشِيشَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite paucal sound-form)
الْحَشِيشَاتِ (definite feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
حَشِيشَاتِ (construct feminine genitive paucal sound-form)
حَشَائِش (broken-form diptote feminine indefinite informal paucal plural sound-form)
الْحَشَائِش (broken-form definite diptote feminine informal paucal plural sound-form)
حَشَائِش (broken-form construct diptote feminine informal paucal plural sound-form)
حَشَائِشُ (broken-form diptote feminine indefinite nominative paucal plural sound-form)
الْحَشَائِشُ (broken-form definite diptote feminine nominative paucal plural sound-form)
حَشَائِشُ (broken-form construct diptote feminine nominative paucal plural sound-form)
حَشَائِشَ (accusative broken-form diptote feminine indefinite paucal plural sound-form)
الْحَشَائِشَ (accusative broken-form definite diptote feminine paucal plural sound-form)
حَشَائِشَ (accusative broken-form construct diptote feminine paucal plural sound-form)
حَشَائِشَ (broken-form diptote feminine genitive indefinite paucal plural sound-form)
الْحَشَائِشِ (broken-form definite diptote feminine genitive paucal plural sound-form)
حَشَائِشِ (broken-form construct diptote feminine genitive paucal plural sound-form)

Maltese: ħaxix

Borrowings

→ Dutch: hasjiesj

→ Armenian: հաշիշ (hašiš)

→ Catalan: haixix

→ Czech: hašiš

→ English: hashish

→ Georgian: ჰაშიში (hašiši)

desctree

→ German: Haschisch, Hasch (clipping)
→ Estonian: hašiš
→ Ukrainian: гаши́ш (hašýš)

→ French: haschich
→ Romanian: hașiș
→ Ukrainian: гаши́ш (hašýš)

→ Finnish: hasis

→ Hebrew: חשיש (khashísh)

→ Hungarian: hasis

→ Indonesian: hasyis

→ Irish: haisis

→ Italian: hashish

→ Ottoman Turkish: حشیش (haşiş)

Turkish: haşiş

→ Greek: χασίς (chasís)

→ Serbo-Croatian: hašiš / хашиш

→ Persian: حشیش (hašiš)

→ Polish: haszysz

→ Portuguese: haxixe

→ Russian: гашиш (gašiš)

→ Slovak: hašiš

→ Slovene: hašiš

→ Spanish: hachís

→ Swahili: hashishi

→ Swedish: haschisch


bông

head

芃, 葻, 𥟌, 𣒾, 𣜳

vi-noun

芃, 葻, 𥟌, 𣒾, 𣜳

From Proto-Vietic *poːŋ (“flower”). Cognate with Muong pông and Thavung โปง.
This word had been tentatively proposed as being connected etymologically with Hmong-Mien (Proto-Hmong-Mien *bi̯aŋ, whence Iu Mien biangh, White Hmong paj) or Austronesian (Proto-Austronesian *buŋa, whence Malay bunga etc.) (for examples, Hsiu, 2017; H. Hayes, 1999, Hoàng Thị Châu, 2009). Ratliff (2017) connected the Hmong-Mien and Austronesian terms, but did not mention any Austroasiatic comparanda. In any case, the connection is not certain and might just be look-alikes.

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-bông.wav

(Central Vietnam, Southern Vietnam) bloom; flower


koir

koir (nominative singular)
koiry (nominative plural)
koiru (genitive singular)
koirů (genitive plural)
koiru (dative singular)
koirům (dative plural)
koir (accusative singular)
koiry (accusative plural)
koire (singular vocative)
koiry (plural vocative)
koiru (locative singular)
koirech (locative plural)
koirem (instrumental singular)
koiry (instrumental plural)


石棉

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ mi̯ɛn³⁵/

/sɛːk̚² miːn²¹/

/suoʔ⁵⁻³³ mieŋ⁵³/

/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ mĩ²⁴/

/t͡sio(ʔ)²⁴⁻² mĩ²⁴/

/t͡sio(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ mĩ¹³/

/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ mĩ²⁴/

/t͡siɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ mĩ²³/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ mi̯ɛn³⁵/

/sɛːk̚² miːn²¹/

/suoʔ⁵⁻³³ mieŋ⁵³/

/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ mĩ²⁴/

/t͡sio(ʔ)²⁴⁻² mĩ²⁴/

/t͡sio(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ mĩ¹³/

/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ mĩ²⁴/

/t͡siɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ mĩ²³/

Dating back to the early 20th century – see below for citations.
Previous names include: 石絨 [since 13th century], 石麻, 不灰木, 不盡木, 不燼木, 火浣布.

石棉肺

(It) has gold, copper and asbestos deposits, and is also rich in forests.

Yǒu jīn, tóng, shímián zhū kuàng, línmù yì fù.

有金、銅、石棉諸礦，林木亦富。

有金、铜、石棉诸矿，林木亦富。

Asbestos: produced in the inland mountains of Eastern Taiwan.

石棉：臺東內山有產。

石棉：台东内山有产。


石棉

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ mi̯ɛn³⁵/

/sɛːk̚² miːn²¹/

/suoʔ⁵⁻³³ mieŋ⁵³/

/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ mĩ²⁴/

/t͡sio(ʔ)²⁴⁻² mĩ²⁴/

/t͡sio(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ mĩ¹³/

/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ mĩ²⁴/

/t͡siɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ mĩ²³/

/ʂʐ̩³⁵ mi̯ɛn³⁵/

/sɛːk̚² miːn²¹/

/suoʔ⁵⁻³³ mieŋ⁵³/

/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ mĩ²⁴/

/t͡sio(ʔ)²⁴⁻² mĩ²⁴/

/t͡sio(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ mĩ¹³/

/t͡sio(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ mĩ²⁴/

/t͡siɤ(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ mĩ²³/

(～縣) Shimian County (a county of Ya'an, Sichuan, China)


纖維

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ weɪ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰiːm⁵⁵ wɐi̯²¹/

/t͡sʰiam⁴⁴⁻²² bi²⁴/

/t͡sʰiam⁴⁴⁻²² ui¹³/

/t͡sʰiam⁴⁴⁻³³ ui²⁴/

/t͡sʰiam⁴⁴⁻³³ ui²³/

/t͡sʰiam⁴⁴⁻³³ i²⁴/

/t͡sʰiam⁴⁴⁻³³ i²³/

/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ vi²¹/

/ɕi̯ɛn⁵⁵ weɪ̯³⁵/

/t͡sʰiːm⁵⁵ wɐi̯²¹/

/t͡sʰiam⁴⁴⁻²² bi²⁴/

/t͡sʰiam⁴⁴⁻²² ui¹³/

/t͡sʰiam⁴⁴⁻³³ ui²⁴/

/t͡sʰiam⁴⁴⁻³³ ui²³/

/t͡sʰiam⁴⁴⁻³³ i²⁴/

/t͡sʰiam⁴⁴⁻³³ i²³/

/t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ vi²¹/


pređa

prȅđa (canonical feminine)
пре̏ђа (Cyrillic)
prȅđa (nominative singular)
pređe (nominative plural)
pređe (genitive singular)
prȇđā (genitive plural)
pređi (dative singular)
pređama (dative plural)
pređu (accusative singular)
pređe (accusative plural)
pređo (singular vocative)
pređe (plural vocative)
pređi (locative singular)
pređama (locative plural)
pređom (instrumental singular)
pređama (instrumental plural)


konop

konop (nominative singular)
konopi (dual nominative)
konopje (nominative plural)
konopje (genitive singular)
konopjow (dual genitive)
konopjow (genitive plural)
konopi (dative singular)
konopjomaj (dative dual)
konopjam (dative plural)
konop (accusative singular)
konopi (accusative dual)
konopje (accusative plural)
konopju (instrumental singular)
konopjomaj (dual instrumental)
konopjemi (instrumental plural)
konopi (locative singular)
konopjomaj (dual locative)
konopjach (locative plural)
konop (singular vocative)
konopi (dual vocative)
konopje (plural vocative)


motouz

motouz (nominative singular)
motouzy (nominative plural)
motouzu (genitive singular)
motouzů (genitive plural)
motouzu (dative singular)
motouzům (dative plural)
motouz (accusative singular)
motouzy (accusative plural)
motouze (singular vocative)
motouzy (plural vocative)
motouze (locative singular)
motouzu (locative singular)
motouzech (locative plural)
motouzem (instrumental singular)
motouzy (instrumental plural)

Inherited from Old Czech motovúz. Related to motat, vázat, uzel.


provázek

provázek (nominative singular)
provázky (nominative plural)
provázku (genitive singular)
provázků (genitive plural)
provázku (dative singular)
provázkům (dative plural)
provázek (accusative singular)
provázky (accusative plural)
provázku (singular vocative)
provázky (plural vocative)
provázku (locative singular)
provázcích (locative plural)
provázkách (locative plural)
provázkem (instrumental singular)
provázky (instrumental plural)


rouno

rouno (nominative singular)
rouna (nominative plural)
rouna (genitive singular)
roun (genitive plural)
rounu (dative singular)
rounům (dative plural)
rouno (accusative singular)
rouna (accusative plural)
rouno (singular vocative)
rouna (plural vocative)
rouně (locative singular)
rounu (locative singular)
rounech (locative plural)
rounem (instrumental singular)
rouny (instrumental plural)

Inherited from Old Czech rúno, from Proto-Slavic *runo.

fleece (insulating skin with the wool attached)


våuno

From Proto-Slavic *vь̀lna, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wílˀnāˀ.


slub

en-noun

slub (countable and uncountable, plural slubs)


příze

příze (nominative singular)
příze (nominative plural)
příze (genitive singular)
přízí (genitive plural)
přízi (dative singular)
přízím (dative plural)
přízi (accusative singular)
příze (accusative plural)
příze (singular vocative)
příze (plural vocative)
přízi (locative singular)
přízích (locative plural)
přízí (instrumental singular)
přízemi (instrumental plural)

yarn (fiber strand for knitting or weaving)


коноп

bg-noun

коно́п • (konóp) m (relational adjective коно́пен)

коно́п (canonical)
konóp (romanization)
коно́пен (adjective relational)
коно́п (indefinite singular)
коно́пи (indefinite plural)
коно́път (definite singular subjective)
коно́пите (definite plural subjective)
коно́па (definite objective singular)
коно́пите (definite objective plural)
коно́па (count-form plural)

In the form кана́п (kanáp) and partially semantically borrowed from Ottoman Turkish قنب (kınnap), from Arabic قِنَّب (qinnab, “hemp”), else inherited from Proto-Slavic *konopь.


коноп

mk-noun

коноп • (konop) m or f (relational adjective конопен or конопов, diminutive конопче, augmentative конопиште)

konop (romanization)
конопен (adjective relational)
конопов (adjective relational)
конопче (diminutive)
конопиште (augmentative)
коноп (indefinite singular)
конопот (definite singular unspecified)
конопов (definite proximal singular)
конопон (definite distal singular)
конопу (singular vocative)
коноп (indefinite singular)
конопта (definite singular unspecified)
конопва (definite proximal singular)
конопна (definite distal singular)
коноп (singular vocative)

In the form канап (kanap) and partially semantically borrowed from Ottoman Turkish قنب (kınnap), from Arabic قِنَّب (qinnab, “hemp”), else inherited from Proto-Slavic *konopь.


rop

desctree

English: rope, roap, roape
→ Irish: rópa
Tok Pisin: rop

Scots: raip

→ Old French: rap

Inherited from Old English rāp, from Proto-West Germanic *raip, from Proto-Germanic *raipaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reyp-.

A cord or string:
(rare) A Franciscan corded belt.

A cord or string:
A Franciscan corded belt.


вуна

ву̏на (canonical feminine)
vȕna (romanization)
вуна (nominative singular)
вуне (nominative plural)
вуне (genitive singular)
вуна (genitive plural)
вуни (dative singular)
вунама (dative plural)
вуну (accusative singular)
вуне (accusative plural)
вуно (singular vocative)
вуне (plural vocative)
вуни (locative singular)
вунама (locative plural)
вуном (instrumental singular)
вунама (instrumental plural)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vьlna (“wool”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wílˀnāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wĺ̥h₁neh₂ (“wool”).


руно

bg-noun

ру́но • (rúno) n

ру́но (canonical)
rúno (romanization)
ру́но (indefinite singular)
руна́ (indefinite plural)
ру́ното (definite singular)
руна́та (definite plural)


руно

runo (romanization)
руно (indefinite singular)
руна (indefinite plural)
руното (definite singular unspecified)
руната (definite plural unspecified)
руново (definite proximal singular)
рунава (definite plural proximal)
руноно (definite distal singular)
рунана (definite distal plural)
руно (singular vocative)
руна (plural vocative)


руно

ru-noun+

руно́ • (runó) n inan (genitive руна́, nominative plural ру́на, genitive plural рун, relational adjective ру́нный)

руно́ (canonical)
runó (romanization)
руна́ (genitive)
ру́на (nominative plural)
рун (genitive plural)
ру́нный (adjective relational)
руно́ (nominative singular)
ру́на (nominative plural)
руна́ (genitive singular)
ру́н (genitive plural)
руну́ (dative singular)
ру́нам (dative plural)
руно́ (accusative singular)
ру́на (accusative plural)
руно́м (instrumental singular)
ру́нами (instrumental plural)
руне́ (prepositional singular)
ру́нах (plural prepositional)
руно́ (dated nominative singular)
ру́на (dated nominative plural)
руна́ (dated genitive singular)
ру́нъ (dated genitive plural)
руну́ (dated dative singular)
ру́намъ (dated dative plural)
руно́ (accusative dated singular)
ру́на (accusative dated plural)
руно́мъ (dated instrumental singular)
ру́нами (dated instrumental plural)
рунѣ́ (dated prepositional singular)
ру́нахъ (dated plural prepositional)


руно

ру̑но (canonical neuter)
rȗno (romanization)
руно (nominative singular)
руна (nominative plural)
руна (genitive singular)
руна (genitive plural)
руну (dative singular)
рунима (dative plural)
руно (accusative singular)
руна (accusative plural)
руно (singular vocative)
руна (plural vocative)
руну (locative singular)
рунима (locative plural)
руном (instrumental singular)
рунима (instrumental plural)


вълна

bg-noun

въ́лна • (vǎ́lna) f (relational adjective въ́лнен or вълна́т)

въ́лна (canonical)
vǎ́lna (romanization)
въ́лнен (adjective relational)
вълна́т (adjective relational)
въ́лна (indefinite singular)
въ́лната (definite singular)

From Proto-Slavic *vьlna (“wool”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wĺ̥h₁neh₂ (“wool”).

(by extension) textile or yarn made of wool


вълна

вълна́ • (vǎlná) f (relational adjective въ́лнов)

вълна́ (canonical)
vǎlná (romanization)
въ́лнов (adjective relational)
вълна́ (indefinite singular)
вълни́ (indefinite plural)
вълна́та (definite singular)
вълни́те (definite plural)
въ́лно (singular vocative)
вълни́ (plural vocative)

From Proto-Slavic *vьlna (“wave”), formally a resultant/action noun of an unattested *вля (Proto-Slavic *vьlti, *vьlati whence Old Church Slavonic вьлати (vĭlati, “to undulate”)), from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“to twist, to revolve”) + -на (-na).

cog

радиовълна́

електромагни́тна вълна́


abaka

Cebu hemp (Musa textilis); a species of banana tree native to the Philippines


abaka

ms-noun

abaka (Jawi spelling اباک, plural abaka-abaka, informal 1st possessive abakaku, 2nd possessive abakamu, 3rd possessive abakanya)

اباک (Jawi)
abaka-abaka (plural)
abakaku (first-person informal possessive)
abakamu (possessive second-person)
abakanya (possessive third-person)


abaka

abaka (nominative singular)
abaki (nominative plural)
abaki (genitive singular)
abak (genitive plural)
abace (dative singular)
abakom (dative plural)
abakę (accusative singular)
abaki (accusative plural)
abaką (instrumental singular)
abakami (instrumental plural)
abace (locative singular)
abakach (locative plural)
abako (singular vocative)
abaki (plural vocative)


abaka

sk-noun

abaka f (genitive singular abaky, declension pattern of žena)

abaky (genitive singular)
žena (declension-pattern-of)