Roman numeral

A numeral represented using a Roman system involving the letters I, V, X, L, C, D, and M.


fortnight

From Middle English fourtenyght, fourtene nyght, from Old English fēowertīene niht (“fourteen days”, literally “nights”), equivalent to fourteen + night. Compare sennight.

inh

The “lame duck” Johnson Administration, in its final fortnight in office, grappled last week with a diplomatic hot potato in the form of the latest Soviet proposal for a “just and lasting” Middle East peace settlement.

1969 January 12, Benjamin Welles, “A Hot Potato for Nixon”, in The New York Times, →ISSN

(chiefly UK, Ireland, Commonwealth, dated in North America) A period of 2 weeks.


dies

From Spanish diez and Portuguese dez and Kabuverdianu dés.


millennium

en-noun

millennium (plural millennia or millenniums)

From Late Latin mīllennium, from Latin mīllennis (“1000-year”) + -ium (“forming abstract nouns”).

milénium

year when a period of 1000 years ends and another begins

But these seekers, too, are saved - by virtue of the inherited symbolic aids of society, the rites of passage, the grace-yielding sacraments, given to mankind of old by the redeemers and handed down through millenniums.

1968, Joseph Campbell, The Hero with a Thousand Faces, 2nd edition, London: Fontana Press, published 1993, page 23

The first known man-made tools, including spear points and axes, were associated with a hunting and gathering pattern that lasted, according to anthropologists, almost 200 millennia.

2013, Al Gore, The Future: Six Drivers of Global Change, New York: Random House, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 37

Magnolias are some of the most primitive of our flowering trees, and fossils dating back millennia prove that they have had little need to evolve.

2013 March 24, Dan Pearson, The Guardian

A period of time consisting of one thousand years.

millénaire (continental Normandy; Jersey: millénaithe)


monotheism

monotheism (countable and uncountable, plural monotheisms)

/ˌmɑnoʊ̯ˈθiɪzm̩/

A learned 17th-century coinage, mono- + theism, from (μονός (monós, “one”)) and (θεός (theós, “god, deity”) + -ισμός (-ismós)) The term parallels the earlier polytheism, atheism (the simplex theism being slightly later).
The term was coined by Henry More, ca. 1660, in explicit juxtaposition with both atheism and polytheism. It was redefined through etymological fallacy by Daniel Webster ca. 1828.

(obsolete) Belief in the One True God, defined by More as personal, immaterial and trinitarian.


zwei

From Middle High German zwei, from Old High German zwei (neuter of zwēne).
Cognate with German zwei, Dutch twee, English two, Icelandic tveir.


zwei

From Middle High German zwei, from Old High German zwei (neuter of zwēne).
Compare Dutch twee, English two, twain. In Old High German, and still today in some dialects, distinct forms are used for the three grammatical genders. Zwei was originally the neuter form, now used for all genders. The Old High German masculine zwēne is found back in early modern German zween; the feminine zwō lives on in the variant zwo (but now without any gender distinction).

(cardinal number) two (numerical value represented by the Arabic numeral 2; or describing a set with two components)


December

December
December Murders
December Revolution
Decembrist Revolt

Bislama: desemba

Pitcairn-Norfolk: Disemba

Tok Pisin: Desemba

→ Bengali: ডিসেম্বর (ḍiśembor)

→ Burmese: ဒီဇင်ဘာ (dijangbha)

→ Chichewa: Disembala

→ Dari: دسمبر (desembar)

→ Dhivehi: ޑިސެމްބަރު (ḍisem̊baru)

→ Hausa: Disamba

→ Hawaiian: Kēkēmapa

→ Hindi: दिसंबर (disambar)

→ Malay: Disember

→ Maori: Tīhema

→ Marathi: डिसेंबर (ḍisembar)

→ Swahili: Desemba, Disemba

→ Tokelauan: Tēhema

From Middle English December, Decembre, from Old French decembre, from Latin december (“tenth month”), from Latin decem (“ten”); + Latin -ber, from -bris, an adjectival suffix; December was the tenth month in the Roman calendar.

But others were less than thrilled with this new gizmo, particularly its addictive qualities. There were reports of breakups threatened and consummated over it. “Our marriage or your Sony,” one woman told her husband, who duly sold the Walkman to a bachelor friend. A young woman named December Cole, a sales executive at a beauty magazine, recalled a trip to Atlantic City with "a basically rude" man who wouldn't stop "bopping around to his own music."

2017, Rebecca Tuhus-Dubrow, Personal Stereo, page 45

(rare) A female given name transferred from the month name [in turn from English].


October

Bislama: oktoba

Pitcairn-Norfolk: Oktoeba

Tok Pisin: Oktoba

→ Bengali: অক্টোবর (okṭōbor)

→ Burmese: အောက်တိုဘာ (auktuibha)

→ Chichewa: Okutobala

→ Dari: اکتوبر (oktôbar)

→ Hausa: Oktoba

→ Hawaiian: ʻOkakopa

desc

→ Hindi: अक्टूबर (akṭūbar), अक्तूबर (aktūbar)

→ Malay: Oktober

→ Maori: Oketopa

→ Marshallese: Oktoba

→ Niuean: Okitopa

→ Serer: Oktoba

→ Shughni: اکتوبر (oktobar)

→ Swahili: Oktoba

→ Tokelauan: Oketopa

→ Tongan: ʻOkatopa

→ Wallisian: ʻOkitopa

→ Xamtanga: Oktoobar

From Middle English, borrowed from Old French octobre, from Latin octōber (“eighth month”), from Latin octō (“eight”), from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw (“twice four”); + Latin -ber, from -bris, an adjectival suffix; October was the eighth month in the Roman calendar.

der

The tenth month of the Gregorian calendar, following September and preceding November. Abbreviation: Oct.

神無月

かんなづき, kannazuki, かみなづき, kaminazuki, かむなづき, kamunazuki

The other one [book] I just read is October Suite by Maxine Clair (Random House, $23.95). It's about a woman named October. She's a young black schoolteacher in the 1950s ...

2002 January, Cincinnati Magazine, volume 35, number 4, page 138

From somewhere in the distance came the screaming whine of an emergency vehicle's siren. Lance flipped open his phone. “Get me the address of a woman named October Guinness . . . That's right, October,” he said again, [...]

2009, C.S. Graham, The Archangel Project, page 31

(rare) A female given name transferred from the month name.


October

(now historical) A type of ale traditionally brewed in October.


centavo

Currency unit (hundredth of a peso) in Mexico.

A similar subdenomination of various other currencies (in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Cape Verde, Colombia, Cuba, Dominican Republic, East Timor, Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mozambique, Nicaragua, and the Philippines).

São Tomé and Príncipe
São Tomé and Príncipe

(historical) The former subdenomination of some other currencies (in Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique, Portugal, Puerto Rico, São Tomé and Príncipe, and Venezuela).


centavo

es-adj

centavo (feminine centava, masculine plural centavos, feminine plural centavas)

centava (feminine)
centavos (masculine plural)
centavas (feminine plural)

[θẽn̪ˈt̪a.β̞o]

una centava parte


centavo

→ Catalan: centau

→ Catalan: centavo

[θẽn̪ˈt̪a.β̞o]

siete centavos


November

Bislama: novemba

Pitcairn-Norfolk: Nowemba

Tok Pisin: Novemba

→ Bengali: নভেম্বর (nobhembor)

→ Burmese: နိုဝင်ဘာ (nuiwangbha)

→ Chichewa: Novembala

→ Dari: نومبر (novembar)

→ Dhivehi: ނޮވެމްބަރު (novem̊baru)

→ Hausa: Nuwamba

→ Hawaiian: Nowemapa

→ Hindi: नवंबर (navambar)

→ Malay: November

→ Maori: Noema

→ Marshallese: Nobōm̧ba

→ Swahili: Novemba

→ Tokelauan: Novema

→ Tongan: Nōvema

From Middle English Novembre, from Old French novembre, from Latin november (“ninth month”), from Latin novem, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥ (“nine”); + Latin -ber, from -bris, an adjectival suffix. November was the ninth month in the Roman calendar.
Displaced native Old English blōtmōnaþ (literally “sacrifice month”), so called because the Anglo-Saxons, when they were pagans, would sacrifice in this month before the winter set in.


een

From Dutch een, from Middle Dutch een, from Old Dutch ēn, ein, from Proto-West Germanic *ain, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos.


een

Berbice Creole Dutch: en

Jersey Dutch: êne, ên

Negerhollands: een, en

Skepi Creole Dutch: en

→ Trió: ein_me

From Middle Dutch êen, from Old Dutch ēn, ein, from Proto-West Germanic *ain, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos.


een

een (accusative attributive masculine nominative)
een (accusative attributive feminine nominative)
een (accusative attributive nominative)
eenem (attributive dative masculine)
eener (attributive dative feminine)
eenem (attributive dative)
enner (accusative masculine nominative)
enne (accusative feminine nominative)
ennes (accusative nominative)
ennem (dative masculine)
enner (dative feminine)
ennem (dative)

Inherited from Middle High German ein, from Old High German ein, from Proto-West Germanic *ain, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz, from Proto-Indo-European *óynos.
Cognate with German ein and Luxembourgish een.


een

From Old Dutch ēn, ein, from Proto-West Germanic *ain, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz, from Proto-Indo-European *óynos.


September

September
September Group
September Massacres

Bislama: septemba

Pitcairn-Norfolk: Septemba

Tok Pisin: Septemba

→ Bengali: সেপ্টেম্বর (śepṭembor)

→ Chichewa: Sepitembala

→ Dari: سپتمبر (septembar)

→ Hausa: Satumba

→ Hawaiian: Kepakemapa

→ Hindi: सितंबर (sitambar)

→ Malay: September

→ Maori: Hepetema

→ Marshallese: Jeptōm̧ba

→ Swahili: Septemba

→ Tokelauan: Hetema

→ Tongan: Sēpitema

From Middle English, from late Old English, from Old French septembre, Latin september (“seventh month”), from septem (“seven”), from Proto-Indo-European *septḿ̥ (“seven”); + Latin -ber, from -bris, an adjectival suffix; September was the seventh month in the Roman calendar.

For quotations using this term, see Citations:September.

(rare) A female or male given name transferred from the month name [in turn from English].


ik

Eastern Mari: ик (ik)

Western Mari: ик (ik)

From earlier *ikt, from Proto-Uralic *ükte. Cognates include Proto-Finnic *ükci and Proto-Samic *ëktë.


decade

From Middle English decade, from Old French decade, from Late Latin decādem (“(set of) ten”), from Ancient Greek δεκάς (dekás), from δέκα (déka, “ten”). In reference to a span of ten years, originally a clipping of the phrase decade of years. By surface analysis, deca- + -ade. Doublet of decad.

teens · twenties · thirties · forties · fifties · sixties · seventies · eighties · nineties

Gay Nineties · Naughty Nineties · Roaring Twenties · Dirty Thirties · Swinging Sixties

A group, set, or series of ten , particularly:

(Roman Catholicism) A series of prayers counted on a rosary, typically consisting of an Our Father, followed by ten Hail Marys, and concluding with a Glory Be and sometimes the Fatima Prayer.


trillion

→ Welsh: triliwn

From French trillion, from tri- (“three”) + -illion.

biljoen

a million million, 1012 — see also billion

تِرِيلِْيُون

a million million million, 1018 — see also quintillion

Javik: Stand in the ashes of a trillion dead souls and ask the ghosts if honor matters. Their silence is your answer.

2012, BioWare, Mass Effect 3: From Ashes (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, PC, scene: Normandy SR-2

(US, modern British, Australia, short scale) A million million: 1 followed by twelve zeros, 10¹².

(dated British, Australia, long scale) A million million million: 1 followed by eighteen zeros, 10¹⁸.


trillion

Coined by Harvey Pollack, because of the way the numbers read across a basketball box score

(basketball, slang) A statistic formed by a player playing some number of minutes, but recording no stats.


trillion

→ Catalan: trilió

From tri- (“three”) + -illion, from million; i.e. a million million million.
Coined by Jehan Adam in 1475 as trimillion.
Rendered as tryllion by Nicolas Chuquet in 1484, in his article “Triparty en la science des nombres”.


trillion

ung trillion vault mille milliers de billions

1520, Étienne de La Roche, L'arismethique novellement composee, page 6

a trillion is equivalent to a thousand thousands of billions


trillion

триллион (Cyrillic)
trillion (nominative)
trillionnıñ (genitive)
trillionga (dative)
trillionnı (accusative)
trillionda (locative)
trillionnan (ablative)


hund

From Old English hund (“hundred”), from Proto-Germanic *hundą.


century

/ˈsɛnt͡ʃʊɹi/

From Middle English centurie (“a count of one hundred (of anything); a division of the Roman army; century; a division of land”), from Old French centurie, from Latin centuria, from centum (“one hundred”). The most common modern use is a shortening of century of years.

inh

Hamilton reached his century 14 years after securing his maiden pole in the Canadian Grand Prix in 2007, which he went on to win to take the first step on the road to becoming Formula One's most successful driver.

2021 May 8, “'It's like my first' - history-maker Hamilton celebrates century of poles”, in France 24

A hundred things of the same kind; a hundred.


billion

→ Chichewa: biliyoni

→ Hausa: biliyan

→ Hawaiian: piliona

→ Maori: piriona

→ Niuean: piliona

→ Samoan: piliona

→ Shona: bhiriyoni

→ Somali: bilyan

→ Swahili: bilioni

→ Tongan: piliona

→ Welsh: biliwn

→ Xhosa: ibhiliyoni

→ Zulu: ibhiliyoni

From French billion, from bi- (“two”) + -illion.

At the last assessment it [the national debt] amounts to seven billion pounds (£7,000,000,000).

1921 January 24, “National Finances”, in Devon and Exeter Gazette, page 5

In America alone, people spent $170 billion on “direct marketing”—junk mail of both the physical and electronic varieties—last year. Yet of those who received unsolicited adverts through the post, only 3% bought anything as a result.

2013 May 25, “No hiding place”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8837, page 74

However, despite the prospect of HS2 being curtailed and the revelation that the programme is late and billions over budget, for now, at least, work on the scheme appears to be business as usual

2019 October, Dan Harvey, “HS2 costs rise as schedule slips”, in Modern Railways, page 9

The ChatGPT service which serves as Web front-end to GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 was the fastest-growing service in history to break the 100 million user milestone in January and had 1 billion visits by February 2023.

2023 October 30, Herbold et al., “A large-scale comparison of human-written versus ChatGPT-generated essays” (18617), in Scientific Reports, volume 13, page 1

(US, modern British & Australian, short scale) a thousand million (logic: 1,000 × 1,000²): 1 followed by nine zeros, 10⁹; a milliard

modern British & Australian; short scale; modern British & Australian; short scale

miljard

a thousand million (1,000,000,000); a milliard

n = 1,000,000,000,000, that is, = a billion, or the square of a million

1778, Francis Maseres, “A Method of Finding, by the Help of Sir Isaac Newton's Binomial Theorem, a Near Value of the very Slowly Converging Infinite Series …”, in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, volume lxviii, number xli

There is a bill to be picked up for cleaning the former Soviet countries of £1 billion. By that I mean a British billion, because when I was little I was told that a billion was a million million and then the Americans said that it was a thousand million. Well, I am talking about a million million pounds worth of clean-up to be done.

2000 November 8, Stephen Ladyman, “[Speech to the House of Commons]”, in Hansard

(dated, British & Australian, long scale) A million million (logic: 1,000,000²): a 1 followed by twelve zeros; 10¹²

British & Australian; long scale; British & Australian; long scale

երկիլիոն

a million million; 1,000,000,000,000 — see also trillion

There were billions of people at the concert.

(colloquial, hyperbolic) An unspecified very large number.


billion

→ Catalan: bilió

desc

→ Portuguese: bilião, bilhão (informal in Portugal)

From bi- (“two”) + -illion; i.e., a million million.
Coined by Jehan Adam in 1475 as by-million.
Rendered as byllion by Nicolas Chuquet in 1484, in his article “Triparty en la science des nombres”.


billion

ung billion vault mille milliers de millions

a billion is equivalent to a thousand thousands of millions


fa

From Proto-Polynesian *fa, from Proto-Oceanic *pat, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *pat, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *pat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əpat, from Proto-Austronesian *Səpat.


fa

From Proto-Oceanic *pat, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *pat, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *əpat, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əpat, from Proto-Austronesian *Səpat.


fa

Proto-Nuclear Polynesian:

Proto-Eastern Polynesian:

Marquesic:

Hawaiian: hā

South Marquesan: fa

Tahitic:

Maori: whā

Rarotongan: ā

Tahitian: maha

Rapa Nui: ha

Samoic-Outlier:

Elician:

Kapingamarangi: haa

Tuvaluan: fa

Futunic:

Anuta: pa

Rennellese: haa

Samoic:

Samoan: fā

Tokelauan: fā

Tongic:

Tongan: fā

From Proto-Oceanic *pat, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *pat, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian [Term?] from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əpat, from Proto-Austronesian *Səpat.


quarter

en-noun

quarter (countable and uncountable, plural quarters)

From Middle English quarter, from Anglo-Norman quarter, from Latin quartarius, from quartus. Compare Spanish cuarto (“room, quarters; quarter”). Doublet of quartier.

cog

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-quarter.wav

çerek

one of four equal parts — see also one-fourth

(time) A fourth part of an hour; a period of fifteen minutes, especially with reference to the quarter before or after the hour.

(Canada, US) A quarter-dollar, divided into 25 cents; the coin of that value minted in the United States or Canada.


quarter

a quarter hour; a quarter century; a quarter note; a quarter pound

(chiefly) Consisting of a fourth part, a quarter (¹⁄₄, 25%).


quarter

English: quarter

Scots: quarter, corter

Yola: curthere, cortere

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman quarter, from Latin quartārius.

One of the four divisions of the earth or sky.

A quarter (fourth part of something):
One of the moon's four phases.


minute

Tok Pisin: minit

→ Baluchi: منٹ (minaṭṭ)

→ Bengali: মিনিট (miniṭ)

→ Burmese: မိနစ် (mi.nac)

→ Central Dusun: minit

→ Chichewa: miniti

→ Fiji Hindi: minit

→ Fijian: miniti

→ Gujarati: મિનિટ (miniṭ)

→ Hausa: minti

→ Hindi: मिनट (minaṭ)

→ Indonesian: menit

→ Malay: minit

→ Malayalam: മിനിറ്റ് (miniṟṟŭ)

→ Maori: miniti

→ Marathi: मिनिट (miniṭ)

→ Nepali: मिनेट (mineṭ)

→ Odia: ମିନଟ (minaṭa)

→ Pashto: منټ (minëṭ)

→ Punjabi: ਮਿਨਟ (minaṭ)

→ Sinhalese: මිනිත්තුව (minittuwa)

→ Urdu: مِنَٹ (minaṭ)

From Middle English mynute, minute, mynet, from Old French minute, from Medieval Latin minūta (“60th of an hour; note”). Doublet of menu and menudo.

der

You have twenty minutes to complete the test.

A unit of time which is one sixtieth of an hour (sixty seconds).


f

Old English lower case letter f, from 7th century replacement by Latin lower case f of the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letter ᚠ (f, “fe”).

The ordinal number sixth, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called ef and written in the Latin script.


dick

From a Cumbric numeral corresponding to Welsh deg, from Proto-Brythonic *deg.

(Cumbria) Ten, in Cumbrian sheep counting.


seven

From Middle English seven, from Old English seofon (“seven”), from Proto-West Germanic *sebun (“seven”), from Proto-Germanic *sebun (“seven”), from Proto-Indo-European *septḿ̥ (“seven”).
Cognate with Scots seiven (“seven”), West Frisian sân (“seven”), Saterland Frisian soogen (“seven”), Low German söven (“seven”), Dutch zeven (“seven”), German sieben (“seven”), Danish syv (“seven”), Norwegian sju (“seven”), Icelandic sjö (“seven”), Latin septem (“seven”), Ancient Greek ἑπτά (heptá, “seven”), Russian семь (semʹ), Sanskrit सप्तन् (saptán).

see for numerical forms in other scripts

The cabbalism of the number seven is emphasized, for in hell seven judges at each of seven gates take one of these divine laws away from her.

1981, William Irwin Thompson, The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture, London: Rider/Hutchinson & Co., page 175

A numerical value equal to 7; the number following six and preceding eight. This many dots: (•••••••). Describing a group or set with seven elements.

Table of cardinal numbers 0 to 9 in various languages


seven

en-noun

seven (countable and uncountable, plural sevens)

He wrote three sevens on the paper.

The digit/figure 7 or an occurrence thereof.

(countable, card games) A card bearing seven pips.


seven

sēven (canonical)
sēven (infinitive)
sēvens (genitive infinitive)
sēvene (dative infinitive)
sēve (first-person present singular)
sēefs (present second-person singular)
sēves (present second-person singular)
sēeft (present singular third-person)
sēvet (present singular third-person)
sēven (first-person plural present)
sēeft (plural present second-person)
sēvet (plural present second-person)
sēven (plural present third-person)
sēve (present singular third-person)
sēef (present singular)
sēve (present singular)
sēeft (plural present)
sēvet (plural present)
sēvende (participle present)

Dutch: zeven


singular

en-adj

singular (comparative more singular, superlative most singular)

more singular (comparative)
most singular (superlative)

From Middle English singuler, Borrowed from Old French, from Latin singulāris (“alone of its kind”), from Latin singulus (“single”).

A singular experiment cannot be regarded as scientific proof of the existence of a phenomenon.

She has a singular personality.

(grammar) Referring to only one thing or person.

(obsolete) Engaged in by only one on a side; single.


singular

(grammar) A form of a word that refers to only one person or thing.

njëjës

grammar: form of a word that refers to only one thing


thou

Butch [Cassidy] gave him 3 thous in cash 1 thous for the lawyer another thous if the lawyer wins & 1 thous for Tom O'Day.

1977, Larry Pointer, “Belle Fourche”, in In Search of Butch Cassidy (Red River Books), Norman, Okla.: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1988, page 132

He has a few thou in the account, enough to make your everyday living expenses, not enough to keep current with the bigger bills.

1999, Don Winslow, chapter 58, in California Fire and Life, New York, N.Y.: Alfred A. Knopf; 1st Vintage Crime/Black Lizard edition, New York, N.Y.: Vintage Books, September 2007, page 169

Well, we'll need a few thou, Carlos. Got to get together a few thou first. For rent, you know. Rent and making contacts with artists, all that.

2000 November, Sheri S[tewart] Tepper, “Benita”, in The Fresco, New York, N.Y.: Eos, HarperCollins; 1st Eos paperback edition, New York, N.Y.: Eos, HarperCollins, February 2002, page 17

(slang) A thousand, especially a thousand of some currency (dollars, pounds sterling, etc.).


um

head

um m (feminine umha or uma, reintegrationist norm)


um

um (feminine uma, masculine plural uns, feminine plural umas)

uma (feminine)
uns (masculine plural)
umas (feminine plural)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese ũu (“one; a”), from Latin ūnum (“one”), from Old Latin oinos, from Proto-Italic *oinos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos (“one”). Doublet of uno.

inh+

Ontem de noite caiu uma chuva.

Estamos comendo um churrasco.

(usually in the feminine, pronounced slowly, emphatically and with a high intonation) indicates that what follows is exceptional; quite a; quite the

pronounced slowly; emphatically and with a high intonation; pronounced slowly; emphatically and with a high intonation


A

From Middle English and Old English upper case letter A and split of Middle English and Old English upper case letter Æ.
* The Old English letters A and Æ replaced the Anglo-Saxon Futhorc letters ᚪ (a, “āc”) and ᚫ (æ, “æsc”), derived from the Runic letter ᚫ (a, “Ansuz”), in the 7th century.

Item A is "foods", item B is "drinks".

The ordinal number first, derived from this letter of the English alphabet, called a and written in the Latin script.

first

Gregg shorthand versions Centennial, Series 90, DJS, Simplified, Anniversary, and Pre-Anniversary


bone

head

bone m (masc. plural bunibii, fem. boneko, fem. plural bonebee)

boneko (feminine)
bonebee (feminine plural)

Borrowed from Sukuma βũne (“four (class XIV)”).


secondo

it-adj

secondo (feminine seconda, masculine plural secondi, feminine plural seconde)

seconda (feminine)
secondi (masculine plural)
seconde (feminine plural)

From Latin secundus (“he who follows, second”), from sequor (“to follow”).

II

in names of monarchs and popes, the second

(ordinal number, before the noun) second


secondo

→ Switzerland German: Secondo

(fractional number) second (unit of time)


on

From Proto-Turkic *ōn (“ten”). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰆𐰣 (on, “ten”).


on

on (nominative singular)
onlar (nominative plural)
onu (accusative definite singular)
onları (accusative definite plural)
ona (dative singular)
onlara (dative plural)
onda (locative singular)
onlarda (locative plural)
ondan (ablative singular)
onlardan (ablative plural)
onun (genitive singular)
onların (genitive plural)

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish اون (on), from Proto-Turkic *ōn (“ten”). Compare Old Turkic 𐰆𐰣 (un¹ /on/, “ten”).


on

From Old Turkic 𐰆𐰣 (un¹ /on/, “ten”), from Proto-Turkic *ōn (“ten”).


de

From French deux (“two”), from Middle French deux, from Old French deus, from Latin duōs, masculine accusative plural of duo, from Proto-Italic *duō, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁.


de

From French deux, from Middle French deux, from Old French deus, from Latin duōs, masculine accusative plural of duo, from Proto-Italic *duō, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁.


prime number

composite number

antonym(s) of “natural number divisible only by itself and 1”

The fundamental theorem of arithmetic states that every natural number greater than 1 can be factorized into prime numbers in a way that is unique up to the order in which the factors are written.

2007, James Alfred Walker, Julian Francis Miller, Predicting Prime Numbers Using Cartesian Genetic Programming, Marc Ebner, Michael O'Neill, Anikó Ekárt, Anna Isabel Esparcia-Alcázar, Leonardo Vanneschi (editors), Genetic Programming: 10th European Conference, EuroGP 2007, Proceedings, Springer, LNCS 4445, page 215,
As the evolved solution for the first 16 prime numbers was capable of accepting inputs up to 31, we decided to extend the experiment to see how the solution generalised on 15 previously unseen inputs (just as we did with the integer-based approach). From the 15 unseen inputs, 7 of the predicted 15 outputs were prime numbers, which is just below 50%, indicating that the solution had learned something about "primeness" or favoured prime numbers.

The most common definition of a prime number used in school seems to be 'an integer whose only factors are one and itself', which unfortunately leaves open the question of whether one is itself a prime number. Until the nineteenth century, most mathematicians regarded one as a prime number – Henri Lebesgue (1875–1941) is often said to be the last professional mathematician to call one prime – so it is a little unfair to regard learners as silly for thinking this today, or for questioning why we do not now regard one as a prime number – it is still a good question.

2010, Colin Foster, Resources for Teaching Mathematics: 14-16, Continuum International Publishing Group, page 168

Some poems, echoing the purpose of early poetic treatises on scientific principles, attempt to elucidate the mathematical concepts that underlie prime numbers. Others play with primes’ cultural associations. Still others derive their structure from mathematical patterns involving primes.

2013 July-August, Sarah Glaz, “Ode to Prime Numbers”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 4

(number theory) Any natural number greater than 1 that cannot be formed by multiplying two smaller natural numbers.

(obsolete, number theory) Any natural number (including 1) that is divisible only by itself and 1.

prime

natural number >1 divisible only by itself and 1

Eisenstein prime number without imaginary part

Wedderburn-Etherington number prime number


ace

→ Italian: asso

→ Japanese: エース (ēsu)

→ Korean: 에이스 (eiseu)

→ Russian: эйс (ejs)

→ Swedish: ess

→ Sicilian: asu

(?) → Finnish: ässä

Inherited from Middle English as, from Old French as, from Latin as, assis (“unity, copper coin, the unit of coinage”). Doublet of as. Likely related or deriving ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs, or otherwise taking from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- (“sharp, pointed”) in the sense of "singular".

der

(dice games) A die face marked with a single dot, typically representing the number one.


hexahedron

en-noun

hexahedron (plural hexahedrons or hexahedra)

(geometry) A polyhedron with six faces. The regular hexahedron is the cube, and is one of the Platonic solids.


twenty two

The cardinal number occurring after twenty one and before twenty three, represented in Roman numerals as XXII and in Arabic numerals as 22. Ordinal: twenty-second.


two thousand

two thousand and one
two thousand and one

The cardinal number occurring after one thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine and before two thousand and one.


fourteen

From Middle English fourtene, from Old English fēowertīene, from Proto-Germanic *fedurtehun. Cognate with West Frisian fjirtjin, Dutch veertien, German vierzehn, Danish fjorten. Equivalent to four + -teen.

The cardinal number occurring after thirteen and before fifteen, represented in Roman numerals as XIV and in Arabic numerals as 14.

ዐስር ወአርበዕ

ʿäsr wäʾärbäʿ


tetrahedron

tetrahedron (plural tetrahedrons or tetrahedra)

tetrahedrons (plural)
tetrahedra (plural)

From Ancient Greek τετράεδρον (tetráedron, “triangle-based pyramid”), from τετράεδρος (tetráedros), from τετράς (tetrás, “four”) + ἕδρα (hédra, “seat”). By surface analysis, tetra- + -hedron.

uder

(geometry) A polyhedron with four faces; the regular tetrahedron, the faces of which are equal equilateral triangles, is one of the Platonic solids.


thirteen

From Middle English thirttene, variant (through metathesis) of thrittene, from Old English þrēotīene, from Proto-Germanic *þritehun, compound of *þrīz (“three”) + *tehun (“teen”). Cognate with West Frisian trettjin, Dutch dertien, German dreizehn, Danish tretten. Equivalent to three + -teen.

There are thirteen cards of each of the four suits in a deck of playing cards.

During the whole time of his abode in the university he generally spent thirteen hours of the day in study; by which assiduity besides an exact dispatch of the whole course of philosophy, he read over in a manner all classic authors that are extant[…]

1661, John Fell, The Life of the most learned, reverend and pious Dr. H. Hammond

In the spring of 1857, I, with several friends, left Hongkong for Shanghai, viâ Foochow, in the small coasting steamer Antelope. No noteworthy incident occurred until after leaving Foochow when, as we were enjoying our after dinner coffee and cigars, and by chance discussing the question of thirteen sitting down at table that had occurred at a dinner at which one of the party had shortly before been present, a violent thump and tremulous motion of the vessel announced the unpleasant fact that we had struck upon something. We rushed on deck and found the steamer hard and fast on a reef near Matsu Island. Fortunately the day was fine and there was no sea on.

1890 February 28, W. S. Wetmore, “RECOLLECTIONS OF LIFE IN CHINA IN THE FIFTIES.”, in North-China Herald and Supreme Court & Consular Gazette, volume XLIV, number 1178, Shanghai, →OCLC, page 256, column 1

The cardinal number occurring after twelve and before fourteen, represented in Roman numerals as XIII and in Arabic numerals as 13.

dertien

the cardinal number occurring after twelve and before fourteen


thirteen

Inherited from Middle Scots thretten, from Middle English thrittene, from Old English þrēotīene, þrēotēne, from Proto-Germanic *þritehun.


quine

American Philosophical Association
Epimenides
Kathleen Atkins
The Philosophical Lexicon
indirect self-referencing

From Quine, named after the American logician and philosopher Willard Van Orman Quine (1908–2000).
Verb sense 1 (“to append (a text) to a quotation of itself”) was coined by the American cognitive and computer scientist Douglas Hofstadter (born 1945) in his book Gödel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid (1979; see the quotation), referring to Quine’s study of indirect self-referencing and in particular Quine’s paradox, the following statement that produces a paradox: “‘Yields falsehood when preceded by its quotation’ yields falsehood when preceded by its quotation.” Hofstadter also referred to the concept of noun sense 1 (“program that produces its own source code as output”) in the book, but termed it a self-rep rather than a quine.
Verb sense 2 (“to deny the importance or significance of (something obviously real or important)”) was independently coined by the American cognitive scientist and philosopher Daniel Dennett (1942–2024) in September 1969 in the original version of his work The Philosophical Lexicon: see the 1987 quotation.

coinage

This has been bugging me recently. Any quines or pointers to relevant articles or web pages is appreciated. Thanks!

1996 October 10, John David Regehr, “[A] Quine in C++?”, in comp.lang.misc (Usenet)

Self-reproducing programs are commonly called quines. Do a web search, it should turn up lots of them. There was also a quine thread here in comp.lang.c just days ago, search deja.com (the thread's title was something about self-printing programs, I think).

1999 December 14, Gergo Barany, “CC Hack?”, in comp.lang.c (Usenet)

A quine is a program that can print its own source code. Most quines are notoriously difficult (and fiendish) to write. Perl can cheat, though. :)

2001 July, Clinton Pierce, “Advanced Perl”, in Perl Developer’s Dictionary, Indianapolis, Ind.: Sams Publishing, page 269

Why have a one-page chapter that doesn't say anything? At the least, you should present a quine program written in pure ISO C (I can send you one if you like); […] you might refer the interested reader to Ken Thompson's ACM lecture or to another good source of quine-related puzzles. Quines *are* a lot of fun, but why waste time with trivial ASCII-based examples when there are much more fundamental ways to create them?

2003 May 6, Arthur J. O’Dwyer, “‘A to Z of C’”, in comp.lang.c (Usenet)

A respectable quine—one that doesn't cheat—is not allowed to do anything as underhand or trivial as seeking the source file on the disk, opening it, and copying (or printing) its contents. Although writing a quine is not always easy, and in fact may seem impossible, it can always be done in any programming language that is Turing complete (see Turing machine), which includes every programming language actually in use.

2004, David [J.] Darling, “quine”, in The Universal Book of Mathematics: From Abracadabra to Zeno’s Paradoxes, Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley & Sons, page 264, column 2

SelfGOL can reproduce itself; it can turn other programs into a quine; it can display a scrolling banner; it plays the Game of Life; and it contains no (ordinary) loops, goto statements, or if statements. Control flow is done, well, interestingly.

2005, Simon Cozens, “Fun with Perl”, in Allison Randal, editor, Advanced Perl Programming, 2nd edition, Sebastopol, Calif.: O’Reilly Media, page 260

Yet from a different perspective, it [the semantics of a program] describes the process of producing this very code; in other words, it is because object- and meta-language interrelate that makes a quine difficult; in less reflective programs, where means and ends are more separate, this difficulty is not so obvious.

2008, Julian Rohrhuber, “Implications of Unfolding”, in Uwe Seifert, Jin-hyun Kim, Anthony Moore, editors, Paradoxes of Interactivity: Perspectives for Media Theory, Human-computer Interaction, and Artistic Investigations, Bielefeld, North Rhine-Westphalia: transcript Verlag, part II (Interplay between Art, Science, and Technology), page 179

Gee, last time I wrote a quine in Lisp it ended up being kind of difficult …

2009 July 31, Mike Ash, “‘--All You Zombies--’ Title”, in rec.arts.sf.written (Usenet)

The solution is to make a quine that is also a λ-expression (instead of a list of statements). This is possible, thanks to S-expressions. The way the quine works relies on the fact that its code is a list of statements and that the last one can take a list of the previous ones as arguments.

2011, Antoine Amarilli [et al.], “Can Code Polymorphism Limit Information Leakage?”, in Claudio Agostino Ardagna, Jianying Zhou, editors, Information Security Theory and Practice: Security and Privacy of Mobile Devices in Wireless Communication […] (Lecture Notes in Computer Science; 6633), Berlin: Springer, archived from the original on 2022-02-06, section 5 (Can Lisp-like Languages Help?), page 14

A Quine is a program that prints its own code. Quines exist for any programming language that is Turing complete and it is a common challenge for students to come up with a Quine in their language of choice. The Quine Page provides a comprehensive list of such programs in various languages.

2012, Thomas Meyer, Christian Tschudin, “Robust Network Services with Distributed Code Rewiring”, in Pietro Lio, Dinesh Verma, editors, Biologically Inspired Networking and Sensing: Algorithms and Architectures, Hershey, Pa.: Medical Information Science Reference, IGI Global, section I (New Biologically Inspired Architectures), page 37, column 1

Upon receiving a "QUINE" request by the client, the server will first send a 01 OK response, and will then provide the client with a quine in the programming language used to implement the server. This quine does not have to be original.

2013 December 8, Brian Hodgert, “‘Mountains will be Mountains’”, in talk.religion.buddhism (Usenet)

(computing) A program that produces its own source code as output.

quine

program that outputs its own source code


quine

en-verb

quine (third-person singular simple present quines, present participle quining, simple past and past participle quined)

quines (present singular third-person)
quining (participle present)
quined (participle past)
quined (past)

Anyway, now I know how to quine a phrase. It's quite amusing. Here's a quined phrase: / "IS A SENTENCE FRAGMENT" IS A SENTENCE FRAGMENT. / It's silly but all the same I enjoy it. You take a sentence fragment, quine it, and lo and behold, you've made a sentence! A true sentence, in this case.

1979, Douglas R[ichard] Hofstadter, “Air on G’s String”, in Gödel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid, New York, N.Y.: Basic Books, part II (EGB), page 435

"Quining" is what I called it in my book. (He certainly didn't call it that!) Quining is an operation that I define on any string of English. […] Here is an example of a quined phrase: "is a sentence with no subject" is a sentence with no subject.

1984, Douglas R[ichard] Hofstadter, “Analogies and Metaphors to Explain Gödel’s Theorem”, in Douglas M. Campbell, John C. Higgins, editors, Mathematics: People, Problems, Results, Belmont, Calif.: Wadsworth International, page 274

Diamond arises in Gödelian meta-mathematics. In meta-math, sentences can refer to each other’s provability, and to quining. This yields self-reference: T = “‘is provable when quined’ is provable when quined.” / D = “‘is unprovable when quined’ is unprovable when quined.” […]

1997, N[athaniel] S. Hellerstein, “Metamathemics”, in Diamond: A Paradox Logic (Series on Knots and Everything; 14), Singapore: World Scientific, part 2 (Advanced Diamond Logic), page 183

In "Love And Theft", [Bob] Dylan quined the love and theft in his songs in the album's title, "Love And Theft". So the subtext, the meaning of the entire album, when preceded by its quotation, its symbol, yields a paradox.

2001 October 1, Howard Mirowitz, “Why is L&T in Quotation Marks?”, in rec.music.dylan (Usenet)

To append (a text) to a quotation of itself.

liittää lainauksena itseensä

to append (a text) to a quotation of itself


quine

PIE word
 *pénkʷe
Learned borrowing from Latin quīnī (“five at a time; five together”), a plural form of quīnus (“five at a time; five each”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe (“five; hand”).

der

(botany, obsolete, rare) Of leaves: arranged in whorls of five.


sixty

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-sixty.wav

From Middle English sixty, sexty, Old English sixtiġ, from Proto-Germanic *sehs tigiwiz (“sixty”), equivalent to six + -ty. Cognate with Scots sexty, saxty (“sixty”), Saterland Frisian säkstich (“sixty”), West Frisian sechstich (“sixty”), Dutch zestig (“sixty”), German Low German sesstig (“sixty”), German sechzig (“sixty”), Swedish sextio (“sixty”), Norwegian seksti (“sixty”), Icelandic sextíu (“sixty”). Compare also Sanskrit षष्टि (ṣaṣṭi).

The cardinal number occurring after fifty-nine and before sixty-one, represented in Roman numerals as LX and in Arabic numerals as 60.


sixty

English: sixty

Scots: sexty, saxty

From Old English sixtiġ, from Proto-Germanic *sehs tigiwiz; equivalent to six + -ty.


sixteen

From Middle English sextene, sixtene, from Old English sixtīene, from Proto-Germanic *sehstehun. Cognate with West Frisian sechstjin, Dutch zestien, German sechzehn, Danish seksten. Equivalent to six + -teen.

The cardinal number occurring after fifteen and before seventeen, represented in Arabic numerals as 16 and in Roman numerals as XVI.

ዓሰርተ ሽድሽተ

ʿasärtä šədšətä


eighty

From Middle English eiȝti, eyȝty, eiȝtety, aghty, from Old English hundeahtatiġ, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōutēhundą (“eighty”), equivalent to eight + -ty. Cognate with Scots hechty, auchty (“eighty”), Saterland Frisian tachentich (“eighty”), West Frisian tachtich (“eighty”), Dutch tachtig (“eighty”), Low German tachentig (“eighty”), German achtzig (“eighty”), Swedish åttio (“eighty”), Norwegian åtti (“eighty”), Icelandic áttatíu (“eighty”).

The cardinal number occurring after seventy-nine and before eighty-one, represented in Roman numerals as LXXX and in Arabic numerals as 80.

quatre-vingts

All French-speaking countries except part of Switzerland and Acadia


seventy

From Middle English seventy, sevynty, from Old English hundseofontiġ, from Proto-Germanic *sebuntēhundą (“seventy”), equivalent to seven + -ty. Cognate with Scots seiventy (“seventy”), Saterland Frisian soogentich (“seventy”), West Frisian santich (“seventy”), Dutch zeventig (“seventy”), German Low German söventig (“seventy”), German siebzig (“seventy”), Swedish sjuttio (“seventy”), Norwegian sytti (“seventy”), Icelandic sjötíu (“seventy”).

cog

The cardinal number occurring after sixty-nine and before seventy-one, represented in Roman numerals as LXX and in Arabic numerals as 70.


seventy

English: seventy

Scots: seiventy

From Old English seofontiġ, alteration of hundseofontiġ, itself a modification of Proto-Germanic *sebuntēhundą; equivalent to seven + -ty.


ninety

From Middle English nynty, nynety, from Old English hundniġontiġ, from Proto-Germanic *newuntēhundą (“ninety”), equivalent to nine + -ty. Cognate with Scots nynty, nynety (“ninety”), Saterland Frisian njuugentich (“ninety”), West Frisian njoggentich (“ninety”), Dutch negentig (“ninety”), German Low German negentig (“ninety”), German neunzig (“ninety”), Swedish nittio (“ninety”), Norwegian Bokmål nitti (“ninety”), Norwegian Nynorsk nitti (“ninety”), Icelandic níutíu (“ninety”).

The cardinal number occurring after eighty-nine and before ninety-one, represented in Roman numerals as XC and in Arabic numerals as 90.

九十

きゅうじゅう, kyūjū, くじゅう, kujū


ten

From Middle English ten, tene, from Old English tīen, from Proto-West Germanic *tehun, from Proto-Germanic *tehun, from Proto-Indo-European *déḱm̥. Cognate with Scots ten, tene (“ten”), West Frisian tsien (“ten”), Saterland Frisian tjoon (“ten”), North Frisian tiin (“ten”). See also teen.

The number occurring after nine and before eleven, represented in Arabic numerals (base ten) as 10 and in Roman numerals as X.

tammá

the cardinal number occurring after 9 and before 11

十

じゅう, jū; とお, tō


ten

English: ten

Scots: ten

Yola: dhen


nineteen

From Middle English nynetene, nintene, from Old English niġontīene, niġontēne, from Proto-Germanic *newuntehun. Cognate with Dutch negentien, Low German negenteihn, Hunsrik neinzen, German neunzehn, Danish nitten.
Equivalent to nine + -teen

She says groovy like it's nineteen sixty-nine.

1997, Swan Dive (lyrics and music), “Groovy Tuesday” (track 1), in Wintergreen, performed by Swan Dive

The cardinal number occurring after eighteen and before twenty, represented in Roman numerals as XIX and in Arabic numerals as 19. It is the last/largest of the "teens".

十九

じゅうきゅう, jūkyū, じゅうく, jūku

ዓሰርተ ትሽዓተ

ʿasärtä təšʿatä

decennoval

adj. of the number 19 or a 19-year period


seventeen

From Middle English seventene, from Old English seofontīene, from Proto-Germanic *sebuntehun. Cognate with Dutch zeventien, West Frisian santjin, German siebzehn, Danish sytten.
Equivalent to seven + -teen

The cardinal number occurring after sixteen and before eighteen, represented in Roman numerals as XVII and in Arabic numerals as 17.

ዓሰርተ ሸውዓተ

ʿasärtä šäwʿatä


nine

w:International Civil Aviation Organization

radiotelephony clear code
w:NATO phonetic alphabet

(international standards) NATO & ICAO radiotelephony clear code (spelling-alphabet name) for the digit 9.


nine

From Middle English nyne, nine, from Old English nigon (“nine”), from Proto-West Germanic *neun, from Proto-Germanic *newun (“nine”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁néwn̥ (“nine”). Cognate with Scots neen, nine (“nine”), Saterland Frisian njúgen (“nine”), West Frisian njoggen (“nine”), Dutch negen (“nine”), German Low German negen (“nine”), German neun (“nine”), Danish ni (“nine”), Swedish nio (“nine”), Icelandic níu (“nine”), Gothic 𐌽𐌹𐌿𐌽 (niun, “nine”), Latin novem (“nine”), Ancient Greek ἐννέα (ennéa, “nine”), Sanskrit नवन् (navan, “nine”).

A numerical value equal to 9; the number following eight and preceding ten.


nine

en:High availability#"Nines"
en:Nines (notation)
nine

my very educated mother just served us nine pizzas

my very educated mother just served us nine pumpkins

my very excellent mother just served us nine pizzas

nine thousand nine hundred and ninety-nine


nine

From Middle High German niun, from Old High German niun, from Proto-Germanic *newun. Cognate with German neun, Dutch negen, English nine, Icelandic níu.


first

From Middle English first, furst, ferst, fyrst, from Old English fyrest, from Proto-West Germanic *furist, from Proto-Germanic *furistaz (“foremost, first”), superlative of Proto-Germanic *fur, *fura, *furi (“before”), from Proto-Indo-European *per-, *pero- (“forward, beyond, around”), equivalent to fore + -est.
Cognate with North Frisian foarste (“first”), Dutch voorste (“foremost, first”), German Fürst (“chief, prince”, literally “first (born)”), Swedish först (“first”), Norwegian Nynorsk fyrst (“first”), Icelandic fyrstur (“first”).
Other cognates include Sanskrit पूर्व (pūrva, “first”) and Russian первый (pervyj).

cog

Hancock was first to arrive.

The dawn of the oil age was fairly recent. Although the stuff was used to waterproof boats in the Middle East 6,000 years ago, extracting it in earnest began only in 1859 after an oil strike in Pennsylvania. The first barrels of crude fetched $18 (around $450 at today’s prices).

2013 August 3, “Yesterday’s fuel”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8847

The first day of September 2013 was a Sunday.

I was the first runner to reach the finish line, and won the race.

Preceding all others of a series or kind; the ordinal of one; earliest.


first

I first witnessed a death when I was nine years old.


first

en-noun

first (countable and uncountable, plural firsts)

[Stephen Hawking] […] would go to Cambridge, he said, if they gave him a first, and stay at Oxford if they gave him a second. He got a first.

2004, William H. Cropper, Great Physicists, page 454

(countable, British, colloquial) A first-class honours degree.

เกียรตินิยมอันดับหนึ่ง

UK colloquial: first-class honours degree


first

Inherited from Middle English first, from Old English fyrest, from Proto-West Germanic *furist, from Proto-Germanic *furistaz.


eighteen

From Middle English eightetene, eiȝtene, ehtetene, from Old English eahtatīene, eahtatēne, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōutehun. Cognate with West Frisian achttjin, Dutch achttien, German achtzehn, Danish atten.
Equivalent to eight + -teen

The right of citizens of the United States, who are eighteen years of age or older, to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of age.

1971, Twenty-sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution

The cardinal number occurring after seventeen and before nineteen, represented in Roman numerals as XVIII and in Arabic numerals as 18.

Arabic numerals: 18. Roman symbols: XVIII


thousand

→ Hawaiian: kaukani, tausani

From Middle English thousend, thusand, from Old English þūsend (“thousand”), from Proto-West Germanic *þūsundi, from Proto-Germanic *þūsundī (“thousand”), (compare Scots thousand (“thousand”), Saterland Frisian duusend (“thousand”), West Frisian tûzen (“thousand”), Dutch duizend (“thousand”), German tausend (“thousand”), Danish tusind (“thousand”), Swedish tusen (“thousand”), Norwegian tusen (“thousand”), Icelandic þúsund (“thousand”), Faroese túsund (“thousand”)), from Proto-Indo-European *tuHsont-, *tuHsenti- (compare Lithuanian tūkstantis (“thousand”), Polish tysiąc, Russian ты́сяча (týsjača), Finnish tuhat, Estonian tuhat).

The company earned fifty thousand dollars last month.

Many thousands of people came to the conference.

A numerical value equal to 1,000 = 10 × 100 = 10³ (1 E+3 exactly—in scientific E notation.)

miler or milenar

approximately, or a set of a size numbered in the thousands

a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step


thousand

Inherited from Middle English thousand, from Old English þūsend, from Proto-West Germanic *þūsundi.


can

From Middle Welsh and Old Welsh cant, from Proto-Brythonic *kant, from Proto-Celtic *kantom (“hundred”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm.

(cardinal number) Apocopic form of cant (“one hundred”)


seventh

From Middle English seventhe, sefte, from Old English seofoþa, from Proto-West Germanic *sebundō, from Proto-Germanic *sebundô.

Sozomenus who wrote above twelve hundred years agoe, in his Seaventh Book relates from his own knowledge, that in the Churches of Cyprus and Arabia (places neer to Jeruſalem, and with the firſt frequented by Apoſtles) they had Biſhops in every Village ; and what could thoſe be more then Preſbyters?

1644, Dudley Diggs, The Unlawfulnesse of Subjects Taking up Armes against their Soveraigne, in what Case ſoever, page 158

sewende

ordinal form of the number seven — see also 7th

sept

abbreviation VII;after the name;in names of monarchs and popes


fourteenth

/ˌfɔːˈtiːnθ/

/ˌfɔɹˈtiːnθ/

The ordinal form of the number fourteen.

veertiende

ordinal form of the number fourteen — see also 14th

quatorze

abbreviation XIV;after the name;in names of monarchs and popes


fourteenth

/ˌfɔːˈtiːnθ/

/ˌfɔɹˈtiːnθ/

(music) The interval comprising an octave and a seventh.

kvartdecima

the interval comprising an octave and a seventh


fifteenth

vyftiende

ordinal form of number fifteen — see also 15th

quinze

after the name;in names of monarchs and popes


deuce

From Middle English dewes (“two”), from Anglo-Norman, from Old French deus, from Latin duo. The word was used by Ford to describe a model of car they made in 1932 due to it being a two-seater.

(Canada, US, slang) A piece of excrement; number two.

The number two.
A piece of excrement; number two.

(Canada, slang) A two-year prison sentence.

The number two.
A two-year prison sentence.


thirteenth

/ˌθɜːˈtiːnθ/

The ordinal form of the number thirteen.

dertiende

ordinal form of thirteen — see also 13th

treize

abbreviation XIII;after the name;in names of monarchs and popes


thirteenth

/ˌθɜːˈtiːnθ/

(music) The interval comprising an octave and a sixth.

tredesiimi

the interval comprising an octave and a sixth


eleventh

From Middle English elleventhe, from elleven + -the, equivalent to eleven + -th. This re-formation replaced inherited forms such as endleft, ellefthe, from Old English endlefta, from Proto-Germanic *ainaliftô.

onze

abbreviation XI;after the name;in names of monarchs and popes


eight

(international standards) NATO & ICAO radiotelephony clear code (spelling-alphabet name) for the digit 8.


eight

Sranan Tongo: aiti

From Middle English eighte, aught, eahte, ahte, from Old English eahta, from Proto-West Germanic *ahtō, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu, from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw.
Cognate with Scots aucht (“eight”), West Frisian acht (“eight”), Dutch acht (“eight”), Low German acht (“eight”), German acht (“eight”), Norwegian åtte (“eight”), Swedish åtta (“eight”), Icelandic átta (“eight”), Latin octo (“eight”), Ancient Greek ὀκτώ (oktṓ), Irish ocht (“eight”).

2009, Stuart Heritage, Hecklerspray, Friday the 22nd of May in 2009 at 1 o’clock p.m., “Jon & Kate Latest: People You Don’t Know Do Crap You Don’t Care About”
Jon & Kate Plus 8 is a show based on two facts: 1) Jon and Kate Gosselin have eight children, and 2) the word ‘Kate’ rhymes with the word ‘eight’. One suspects that if Kate were ever to have another child, a shady network executive would urge her to put it in a binbag with a brick and drop it down a well. But this is just a horrifying tangent.

A numerical value equal to 8; the number occurring after seven and before nine.


eight

Sharp at eight we were waiting on the wharf where the Messagerie boats lie, and wondering what the deuce was going to happen.

1905, Guy Newell Boothby, “The Treasure of Sacramento Nick”, in A Crime of the Under-Seas, London: Ward Lock & Co Limited, →OCLC, →OL

Miranda showed him in at a quarter to eight, accompanied by a pretty young woman she introduced as Erin d'Angelo.

1997 February 1 [1981 April 12], John Dunning, Deadline, New York: Simon & Schuster, Inc., →OCLC, →OL, page 263


million

→ Hawaiian: miliona

→ Maori: miriona

→ Sinhalese: මිලියනය (miliyanaya)

→ Welsh: miliwn

→ Yoruba: mílíọ̀nù

From Old French, from Italian milione (“million”, from mille (“thousand”, from Latin mille) + -one). Compare -illion.

af

from Latin <i class="Latn mention" lang="la">mille</i>

der

(long and short scales) The cardinal number 1,000,000: 10⁶; a thousand thousand.


million

million (nominative)
millionnıñ (genitive)
millionğa (dative)
millionnı (accusative)
millionda (locative)
milliondan (ablative)


million

→ Crimean Tatar: million

Louisiana Creole: milyon

desc

→ Polish: milion, milon, milijon, milian (Middle Polish); miljon (pre-reform orthography (1936))

Inherited from Middle French million, from Italian milione.


million

French: million

→ Crimean Tatar: million

→ Catalan: milió

desctree

→ Dutch: miljoen, millioen (obsolete)
Afrikaans: miljoen
Negerhollands: millioon
→ Caribbean Hindustani: melyun
→ Caribbean Javanese: milyun

→ English: million

→ Hawaiian: miliona

→ Maori: miriona

→ Sinhalese: මිලියනය (miliyanaya)

→ Welsh: miliwn

→ Irish: milliún

From Old French million, probably borrowed from Italian milione.


six

(international standards) NATO & ICAO radiotelephony clear code (spelling-alphabet name) for the digit 6.


six

Sranan Tongo: siksi

Aukan: siksi

→ Wayana: siksi

Saramaccan: sigisi

From Middle English six, from Old English six, from Proto-West Germanic *sehs, from Proto-Germanic *sehs, from Proto-Indo-European *swéḱs. Compare West Frisian seis, Dutch zes, Low German söss, sess, German sechs, Norwegian and Danish seks, also Latin sex, Ancient Greek ἕξ (héx), Sanskrit षष् (ṣaṣ). Doublet of sice. Toilet sense predates military usage.

A numerical value equal to 6; the number following five and preceding seven. This many dots: (••••••).

it's better to be judged by twelve than to be carried by six


six

In Austria the prisoners rise at five, [...]. There are morning prayers at a quarter to six, after which the prisoners are conducted to work.

1838, Francis Bisset Hawkins, chapter XIII, in Germany: The Spirit of Her History, Literature, Social Condition and National Economy, Illustrated by Reference to Her Physical, Moral and Political Statistics, etc., →OCLC, page 228


six

Haitian Creole: sis

Louisiana Creole: sis

Mauritian Creole: sis

Inherited from Middle French six, from Old French sis, six, from Latin sex, from Proto-Indo-European *swéḱs.
The numbers six and dix (“ten”), as well as the pronoun tous (“all”), are remnants of the Old and Middle French pronunciation system where final -s or -x was silent before consonants, pronounced /z/ before vowels, and /s/ in pausa. The only change is that the pausal pronunciation is now invariably used when these words do not precede their referent.


six

English: six

Sranan Tongo: siksi

Aukan: siksi

→ Wayana: siksi

Saramaccan: sigisi

Scots: sax, sex, six

Yola: zeese

From Old English six, from Proto-West Germanic *sehs, from Proto-Germanic *sehs, from Proto-Indo-European *swéḱs.


six

French: six
Haitian Creole: sis
Louisiana Creole: sis
Mauritian Creole: sis

Norman: six


six

From Latin sex, from Proto-Indo-European *swéḱs.

Six s'maïnes avant Noué, et six s'maïnes après, les nits sont les pûs longues, et le jours les pûs freds.

1903, Edgar MacCulloch, “Proverbs, Weather Sayings, etc.”, in Guernsey Folk Lore, page 533

Six weeks before Christmas and six weeks after, the nights are the longest and the days the coldest.


six

Middle English: six, cex, sex; zix (Kent)
English: six
Sranan Tongo: siksi
Aukan: siksi
→ Wayana: siksi
Saramaccan: sigisi
Scots: sax, sex, six
Yola: zeese

Inherited from Proto-West Germanic *sehs, from Proto-Germanic *sehs, from Proto-Indo-European *swéḱs.


twelfth

From Middle English twelfthe, twelfte, from Old English twelfta (“twelfth”), from Proto-Germanic *twaliftô (“twelfth”), equivalent to twelve + -th. Cognate with Scots twalt (“twelfth”), Saterland Frisian tweelfte (“twelfth”), West Frisian tolfde (“twelfth”), Dutch twaalfde (“twelfth”), German Low German twalfde, twalvde (“twelfth”), German zwölfte (“twelfth”), Danish tolvte (“twelfth”),
Swedish tolfte (“twelfth”), Icelandic tólfta (“twelfth”).

twelfe

but the corresponding pronunciation /twɛlf/ is still widespread today

The answer appears on the twelfth page of the book.

She finished twelfth in the race.

The ordinal form of the number twelve, describing a person or thing in position number 12 of a sequence.


twelfth

A twelfth of 240 is 20.

Five twelfths of the population voted in support of the proposal.


triangle

/ˈtɹaɪəŋɡəl/

/ˈtɹaɪˌæŋɡəl/

/ˈtɹaɪˌæŋɡəl/

PIE word
 *tréyes
From Middle English triangle, from Old French triangle, from Latin triangulum, noun use of adjective triangulus (“three-cornered, having three angles”), from trēs (“three”) + angulus (“corner, angle”), equivalent to tri- + angle.

The wedge-shaped character was the triangle, the archaic Paleolithic sign of the vulva; the pubic triangle was at the end of the phallic stylus.

1981, William Irwin Thompson, The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture, London: Rider/Hutchinson & Co., page 22

(geometry) A polygon with three sides and three angles.

(systemics) The structure of systems composed with three interrelated objects.

A draughtsman's square in the form of a right-angled triangle.

But nothing is said as to what we are to do with the negro when we have cut him off from absolute dominion; we are not informed if we may spread him on the triangles as aforetime;

1868, “The Week”, in The Nation, volume 6, number 149

(historical, usually in the plural) A frame formed of three poles stuck in the ground and united at the top, to which people were bound when undergoing corporal punishment.

After turning on the triangle at Jeumont, we set off light engine back to Aulnoye.

1961 March, ""Balmore"", “Driving and firing modern French steam locomotives”, in Trains Illustrated, page 147

(rail transport) A triangular formation of railway tracks, with a curve on at least one side.


triangle

Borrowed from Latin triangulum. By surface analysis, tri- + angle.

triangle équilatéral

triangle isocèle

(music) triangle (percussion instrument)


millipede

From Latin millipeda (“wood louse”), from mille (“thousand”) + pedis (“foot”), equivalent to milli- + -pede.

With one or two exceptions, male millipedes make direct contact with the female and transfer sperm via a pair of modified front legs (gonopods) which have been charged with semen from the genitalia situated towards the rear of the body.

1993, Rod Preston-Mafham, The Encyclopedia of Land Invertebrate Behaviour, page 14

When alive, millipedes maintain tension in these muscles and are therefore difficult to straighten out when coiled.

2005, Thomas Eisner, For Love of Insects, page 276

Soil millipedes (Diplopoda) possess a specific gut microbiota that differs from microbial communities in soil and leaf litter.

2006, Boris A. Byzov, “4: Intestinal Microbiota of Millipedes”, in Helmut König, Ajit Varma, editors, Intestinal Microorganisms of Termites and Other Invertebrates, page 89

Any of many elongated arthropods, of the class Diplopoda, with cylindrical bodies that have two pairs of legs for each one of their 20 to 100 or more body segments.


new

From Proto-Iranian *Hnáwa, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hnáwa. Related to Persian نه (noh).


twelve

→ Japanese: トゥエルブ (tuerubu)

Southern US, African-American Vernacular, dated

From Middle English twelve, from Old English twelf (“twelve”), from Proto-Germanic *twalif, an old compound of *twa- (“two”) and *-lif (“left over”) (i.e., two left over after having already counted to ten), from Proto-Indo-European *leyp- (“leave, remain”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian tweelf, tweelif, tweelich (“twelve”), West Frisian tolve (“twelve”), Dutch twaalf (“twelve”), German Low German twalf, twalv (“twelve”), German zwölf (“twelve”), Danish, Swedish and Norwegian tolv (“twelve”), Icelandic tólf (“twelve”).

der

There are twelve months in a year.

The cardinal number occurring after eleven and before thirteen, represented in Arabic numerals as 12 and in Roman numerals as XII.


twelve

English: twelve

Scots: twal, twol (obsolete twelf, twalf, tuelf)

From inflected froms of Old English twelf, from Proto-West Germanic *twalif, in turn from Proto-Germanic *twalif.


five

PIE word
 *pénkʷe
From Middle English five, vif, fif, from Old English fīf (“five”), from Proto-West Germanic *fimf (“five”), from Proto-Germanic *fimf (“five”), from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe.
See also West Frisian fiif, Dutch vijf, German fünf, Norwegian and Swedish fem, Icelandic fimm; also Welsh pump, Latin quinque, Tocharian A päñ, Tocharian B piś, Lithuanian penki, Russian пять (pjatʹ), Albanian pesë, pêsë, Ancient Greek πέντε (pénte), Armenian հինգ (hing), Persian پنج (panj), Sanskrit पञ्च (páñca). Doublet of cinque, pimp (“five”), ponzu, punch (“beverage”), and sengi and related to Pompeii.
The nasal *m in Proto-Germanic *fimf was lost through a sound change known as the Ingvaeonic nasal spirant law.

doublet

The r-stems had apparently been reduced to the five nuclear kinship terms that still survive in Modern English.

2006, Donald Ringe, From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1), Oxford: Oxford University Press, page 197

A numerical value equal to 5; the number following four and preceding six.


five

put two and two together and come up with five

that and twenty-five cents will get you a cup of coffee

See you at five.


five

English: five

Scots: five, fif, fife, fyve

Yola: veeve

From Old English fīf, from Proto-West Germanic *fimf, from Proto-Germanic *fimf, from Proto-Indo-European *pénkʷe.
Though Old English fīf was usually indeclinable, inflected forms of it are far from unknown. Forms with final -v- originate from intervocalic voicing in these inflected forms.


five

From Middle English five, from Old English fīf.


five hundred

The cardinal number occurring after four hundred ninety-nine and before five hundred one, represented in Arabic numerals as 500. Ordinal: five-hundredth.


cardinal number

en-noun

cardinal number (plural cardinal numbers)

The smallest cardinal numbers are 0, 1, 2, and 3.

The cardinal number “three” can be represented as “3” or “three”.

A number used to denote quantity; a counting number; a cardinal.

This cardinal number is the smallest of the infinite cardinal numbers; it is the one to which Cantor has appropriated the Hebrew Aleph with the suffix 0, to distinguish it from larger infinite cardinals. Thus the name of the smallest of infinite cardinals is ℵ₀.

1920, Bertrand Russell, Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy, page 83

(mathematics) A generalized kind of number used to denote the size of a set, including infinite sets.

“Three” is a cardinal number, while “third” is an ordinal number.

(grammar) A word that expresses a countable quantity; a cardinal numeral.


fourth

non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger

Inherited from Middle English fourthe, an alteration (due to four) of ferthe, from Old English fēorþa, fēowerþa, from Proto-West Germanic *feurþō, from Proto-Germanic *fedurþô, equivalent to four + -th.
cognates
Compare West Frisian fjirde, Saterland Frisian fjädde, fjoode, Dutch vierde, German Low German feerde, feerd, German vierte, Danish fjerde, Icelandic fjórði.

The fourth model is called the enlightment model: Actors are seen to be responsible for problems but unable or unwilling to provide solutions. They are believed to need discipline provided by authoritative guidance. The Alcoholic Anonymous groups are considered prototypical for this model.

2013 June 29, Leo Montada, “Coping with Life Stress”, in Herman Steensma, Riël Vermunt, editors, Social Justice in Human Relations Volume 2: Societal and Psychological Consequences of Justice and Injustice, Springer Science & Business Media, page 26

vierde

ordinal form of the number four — see also 4th

quatre

abbreviation IV;after the name;in names of monarchs, popes, and formal names in English

vierte

abbreviation IV. (in names of monarchs and popes)


tenth

From Middle English tenth, tenthe. Old English had tēoþa (origin of Modern English tithe), but the force of analogy to the cardinal number "ten" caused Middle English speakers to recreate the regular ordinal and re-insert the nasal consonant. Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *tehundô. Equivalent to ten (numeral) + -th (suffix forming ordinals).

affix

My dear young lady, here I am for the tenth time.

a. 1776, Joseph Baretti, “Dialogue the Fortieth”, in Easy Phraseology for the Use of Those Persons Who Intend to Learn the Colloquial Part of the Italian Language, 1835 edition, Turin: Joseph Bocca, page 221

The ordinal numeral form of ten; next in order after that which is ninth.

dix

abbreviation X;after the name;in names of monarchs and popes


ordinal number

In the expression a₃, the "3" is an ordinal number.

(arithmetic) A natural number used to denote position in a sequence.

nombre ordinal

grammar: word used to denote relative position in a sequence

序數

arithmetic: number used to denote position in a sequence

ordinální číslo

generalized kind of number to denote the length of a well-order on a set


myriad

From French myriade, from Late Latin mȳriadem (accusative of mȳrias), from Ancient Greek μυριάς (muriás, “number of 10,000”), from μυρίος (muríos, “numberless, countless, infinite”).


myriad

Earth hosts myriad animals.

Driven by a perceived political need to adopt a hard-line stance, Mr. Cameron’s coalition government has imposed myriad new restrictions, the aim of which is to reduce net migration to Britain to below 100,000.

2013 September 28, Kenan Malik, “London Is Special, but Not That Special”, in New York Times, retrieved 2013-09-28

(modifying a plural noun) Great in number; innumerable, multitudinous


second

From Middle English secunde, second, secound, secund, borrowed from Old French second, seond, from Latin secundus (“following, next in order”), from root of sequor (“I follow”), from Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- (“to follow”). Doublet of secundo. Displaced native twoth and partially displaced native other (from Old English ōþer (“other; next; second”)).

noncog

perpetual motion machine of the second kind

He lives on Second Street.

The second volume in "The Lord of the Rings" series is called "The Two Towers".

You take the first one, and I'll have the second.

Number-two; following after the first one with nothing between them. The ordinal number corresponding to the cardinal number two.


second

Something that is number two in a series.

Many packs have a sixer's council where the sixers, and sometimes the seconds, meet with Akela and some of the other leaders.

1995, Boy Scouts of Canada. National Council, The Cub Book

A Cub Scout appointed to assist the sixer.


second

From Middle English secunde, seconde, borrowed from Old French seconde, from Medieval Latin secunda, short for secunda pars minuta (“second diminished part (of the hour)”).

A unit of time historically and commonly defined as a sixtieth of a minute which the International System of Units more precisely defines as the duration of 9,192,631,770 periods of radiation corresponding to the transition between two hyperfine levels of caesium-133 in a ground state at a temperature of absolute zero and at rest.

асекунда

one-sixtieth of a minute; SI unit of time


second

head

second m (oblique and nominative feminine singular seconde)

seconde (feminine nominative oblique singular)
seconds (masculine singular subjective)
seconde (feminine singular subjective)
second (neuter singular subjective)
second (masculine oblique singular)
seconde (feminine oblique singular)
second (neuter oblique singular)
seconde (oblique singular)
second (oblique singular)
second (masculine plural subjective)
secondes (feminine plural subjective)
second (neuter plural subjective)
second (plural subjective)
seconds (masculine oblique plural)
secondes (feminine oblique plural)
second (neuter oblique plural)
secondes (oblique plural)
second (oblique plural)

Middle English: secunde

English: second

Scots: second

French: second


second

From Middle English secunde, second, secound, secund, borrowed from Old French second, seond, from Latin secundus (“following, next in order”), from root of sequor (“I follow”), from Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- (“to follow”).


four one one

The number 411 dialed in North America reaches directory assistance.

Can you give me the four one one on their next concert?


dual

PIE word
 *dwóh₁
Borrowed from Latin dualis (“two”), from duo (“two”) + adjective suffix -alis.

مُثَنَّى

grammatical number of a noun marking two of something


eleven

ITU
w:International Telecommunication Union

IMO
w:International Maritime Organization

(international standards) NATO, ICAO, ITU & IMO radiotelephony code for 11, used only with o'clock to indicate direction


eleven

From Middle English elleven, enleven, eleven, from Old English endleofan; from Proto-Germanic *ainalif (“one left”) (i.e., one left over after having already counted to ten), a compound of *ainaz and *-lif, from Proto-Indo-European *leyp- (“leave, remain”). Compare West Frisian alve, Low German ölven, Dutch elf, German elf, Icelandic ellefu, Danish and Norwegian elleve.

The cardinal number occurring after ten and before twelve. Represented as 11 in Arabic digits.

elf

the cardinal number occurring after ten and before twelve


eleven

A: SUM1 Hl3p ME im alwyz L0ziN!!?!

B: y d0nt u just g0 away l0zer!!1!!one!!one!!eleven!!1!

(Internet, slang, sarcastic) Deliberate misspelling of !!. Used to amplify an exclamation, imitating someone who forgets to press the shift key while typing exclamation points.

(countable, US, slang) A number off the charts of a hypothetical scale of one to ten.

An exceptional specimen, (particularly) a physically attractive person.


four

desc

Antigua and Barbuda Creole English: fuar, fua

Aukan: fo

Australian Kriol: fo

Belizean Creole: foa, foar

Bislama: fo

Cameroon Pidgin: fo̱

Grenadian Creole English: fo

Gullah: fo

Krio: fo

Nigerian Pidgin: fo̱r

Pichinglis: fo

Pijin: foa

Saramaccan: fɔ́

Sranan Tongo: fo

Tok Pisin: foa

Torres Strait Creole: po

non-rhotic, dough–door merger, African-American Vernacular

From Middle English four, from Old English fēower, from Proto-West Germanic *feuwar, from Proto-Germanic *fedwōr, from previous pre-Grimm *petwṓr, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷetwṓr, the neuter form of *kʷetwóres. Doublet of cuatro and quatre.
Cognates include Scots fower, Saterland Frisian fjauer, West Frisian fjouwer, Dutch vier, German Low German veer, German vier, Norwegian Bokmål and Danish fire, Swedish fyra, Gothic 𐍆𐌹𐌳𐍅𐍉𐍂 (fidwōr) and, more distantly, Latin quattuor (whence Spanish cuatro, French quatre), Ancient Greek τέσσαρες (téssares), Irish ceathair, Armenian չորս (čʻors), Lithuanian keturi, Albanian katër, Sanskrit चतुर् (catur).

There are four seasons: winter, spring, summer and autumn.

A numerical value equal to 4; the number after three and before five; two plus two. This many dots (••••)


four

en-noun

four (countable and uncountable, plural fours)

Arabic numerals
Chinese numerals
Greek numerals
Roman numerals
four

четворка

rowing: four-man sweep racing shell or its crew

Letters to Sheffield are despatched every morning at six, and arrive every afternoon at ten minutes past four.

1828, Pigot and Co.'s National Commercial Directory for 1828-9, Comprising a Directory of the Merchants, Bankers, Professional Gentleman … in the Counties of Cheshire, Cumberland …, London, Manchester: J. Pigot & Co., page 767

The larger ships picked up the low lying atoll on their radar about four in the morning at distances from 16 to 26 miles.

1972, George Carroll Dyer, chapter XVII, in The Amphibians Came to Conquer: The Story of Admiral Richmond Kelly Turner, volume 2, U.S. Marine Corps, →OL, page 657


four

English: four

Geordie English: fower

Scots: fower

Yola: vour, voure, vowre

University of Michigan
w:University of Michigan


quadruped

Borrowed from French quadrupède, from Middle French, from Latin stem of quadrupēs (“four-footed, a four-footed animal”), from quadri- (“four-”) + stem of pes (“foot”). Alternatively analyzable as quadru- + -ped.


quadrant

From Middle English quadrant, from Old French cadran, quadrant and its etymon Latin quadrāns, -antis (“fourth part of something, quarter”). Doublet of quadrans.

(mathematics) One of the four regions of the Cartesian plane bounded by the x-axis and y-axis.


three

PIE word
 *tréyes
From Middle English thre, threo, thrie, thri, from Old English þrī, from Proto-West Germanic *þrīʀ, from Proto-Germanic *þrīz, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes. Doublet of tres and trey.
Cognate with German drei, Albanian tre, Armenian երեք (erekʻ), Latin trēs, Latvian trīs, Lithuanian trỹs, Greek τρεῖς (treîs), Old Church Slavonic трьѥ (trĭje), and others.

Okay, on three, we open the door and jump on the rope. One, two…
Wait, wait! Do we go on three? Or do we go on “go”?
Three! Who said anything about “go”?

2003 April 7, Michelle Lamoreaux, Robert Lamoreaux, “A Spy is Born Part II”, in Totally Spies!, season 2, episode 1, spoken by Clover (Jennifer Hale as Samantha “Sam” and Andrea Taylor), Marathon Media, via Teletoon

Why should she care? One…two…
Do we shoot on three?
Yes on three. Like one, two, three, shoot.

2011 October 18, Paul Dini, Paul Crocker, Sefton Hill, Batman: Arkham City, spoken by Joker thugs, Warner Bros. Interactive Entertainment, via Rocksteady Studios

A numerical value after two and before four. Represented in Arabic digits as 3; this many dots (•••).


three

shirtsleeves to shirtsleeves in three generations


three

From Middle English thre, from Old English þriē, þrī, þreō, from Proto-West Germanic *þrīʀ, from Proto-Germanic *þrīz, from Proto-Indo-European *tréyes.


centipede

From French centipède, from Latin centipeda, centipēs, from centi- (“hundred”) + pēs (“foot”); equivalent to centi- + -pede.

Centipedes differ from millipedes by having a single pair of legs on each body segment.

1993, Gordon M. Nishida, JoAnn M. Tenorio, What Bit Me?: Identifying Hawai'i's Stinging and Biting Insects and Their Kin, page 29

The existence of millipedes, centipedes, insects, and spiders along-side the first tetrapods sustained a robust ecosystem in which most animals were predators or scavengers.

2008, Thom Holmes, March Onto Land: The Silurian Period to the Middle Triassic Epoch, page 58

All centipedes (Chilopoda) and spiders (Aranea) are predatory and although they are often found on corpses their impact on the other fauna is not known.

2011, Alan Gunn, Essential Forensic Biology, 2nd edition, unnumbered page

Any arthropod of class Chilopoda, which have a segmented body with one pair of legs per segment and from about 20 to 300 legs in total.

limpeuën

a segmented arthropod of class Chilopoda


forty

From Middle English fourti, feortiȝ, from Old English fēowertiġ, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *fedwōr tigiwiz (“forty”).

inh

'Tis forty years this very day,
Since you and I, old girl, were married.

1825, unknown, Harrison's Amusing Picture and Poetry Book, page 35

The cardinal number occurring after thirty-nine and before forty-one.

veertig

the cardinal number occurring after thirty-nine


third

PIE word
 *tréyes
From Middle English thirde, thridde, from Old English þridda, from Proto-Germanic *þridjô, from Pre-Germanic *tretyós, a remodeling of Proto-Indo-European *tr̥tyós.

The third tree from the left is my favorite.

The second and third quarters of the shield are indecipherable on the stone but clearer in two other representations of the arms, a painted wooden funeral hatchment for Mary Davie[…]

2012 October 8, Daniel W. Patterson, The True Image: Gravestone Art and the Culture of Scotch Irish Settlers in the Pennsylvania and Carolina Backcountry, UNC Press Books, page 141

The ordinal form of the cardinal number three; Coming after the second.

derde

the ordinal form of the cardinal number three — see also 3rd

trois

in names of monarchs and popes; after the name; abbreviation III

𐰇𐰲𐰨

üčnč /üčünč/


third

en-noun

third (countable and uncountable, plural thirds)

Jones came in third.

The person or thing in the third position.

Now put it into third.

(uncountable) The third gear of a gearbox.

They sing in thirds.

(music) An interval consisting of the first and third notes in a scale.

(archaic) One sixtieth of a second, i.e., the third in a series of fractional parts in a sexagesimal number system. Also formerly known as a tierce.


third

From Middle English thirde, thridde, from Old English þridda, from Proto-Germanic *þridjô, from Pre-Germanic *tretyós, a remodeling of Proto-Indo-European *tr̥tyós.


ninth

From Middle English nynthe, nynte, from Old English niġoþa, from Proto-Germanic *newundô; the -n- was reinserted by analogy with nine.

neuf

abbreviation IX;after the name;in names of monarchs and popes


ninth

(music) The compound interval between any tone and the tone represented on the ninth degree of the staff above it, as between one of the scale and two of the octave above; the octave of the second, consisting of 13 or 14 semitones (called minor and major ninth).


percent

From New Latin per centum (“by the hundred”).

Diane Watson has had a distinguished career in education and politics, and last year was elected to the House of Representatives, winning 75 percent of the vote in her Congressional district.

In Sichuan the rates were much higher. In Kaixian county, a close examination by a team sent by the provincial party committee at the time concluded that in Fengle commune, where 17 per cent of the population had perished in less than a year, up to 65 per cent of the victims had died because they were beaten, punished with food deprivation or forced into committing suicide.

2011, Frank Dikötter, Mao's Great Famine, Bloomsbury, →OCLC, →OL, pages 297–298

Twelve percent of the world’s population now relies directly or indirectly on the fisheries industry.

2016 July 7, Arthur Neslen, The Guardian

For every hundred (used with preceding numeral to form a noun phrase expressing a proportion).


percent

And from 1966, under Regulation Q, there was a ceiling of 5.5 per cent on their deposit rates, a quarter of a per cent more than banks were allowed to pay.

2008, Niall Ferguson, The Ascent of Money, Penguin, page 254

One part per hundred; one percent, hundredth.

百分之……

the number follows it, e.g. 30%: 百分之三十 baak3 fan6 zi1 saam1 sap6

巴仙

unit follows the number with qualifier 個/个

百分之……

the number follows it, e.g. 30%: 百分之三十 pah-hun-chi saⁿ-cha̍p

百分之……

the number follows it, e.g. 30%: 百分之三十 bǎi fēn zhī sānshí


percent

By how many percent did the cancer survival rate for breast cancer increase by 2008?

2014, Alan Tussy, Diane Koenig, Basic Mathematics for College Students with Early Integers, page 637


eighth

From Middle English eiȝtthe, from Old English eahtoþa, from Proto-Germanic *ahtudô.

agste

ordinal form of the number eight — see also 8th

huit

abbreviation VIII;after the name;in names of monarchs and popes


en

From Old Norse einn, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz (“one, some”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos (“one”).


en

From French un (“one”), from Latin ūnus (“one”).


en

ēn (masculine nominative)
ēn (neuter nominative)
ēn (feminine nominative)
ēnana (accusative masculine)
ēn (accusative neuter)
ēna (accusative feminine)
ēnes (genitive masculine)
ēnes (genitive neuter)
ēnaro (feminine genitive)
ēnumu (dative masculine)
ēnumu (dative neuter)
ēnaro (dative feminine)

Middle Low German: ên, ein

Low German:

German Low German: een (Hamburgisch)

Westphalian:

Lippisch: eun

Ravensbergisch: åine

Sauerländisch: ên

Westmünsterländisch: een, eene, ne

Plautdietsch: een


en

From Old Norse einn, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos.


en

ȅn (canonical)
én (masculine nominative singular)
éna (feminine nominative singular)
éno (neuter nominative singular)
énega (genitive masculine singular)
éne (feminine genitive singular)
énega (genitive neuter singular)
énemu (dative masculine singular)
éni (dative feminine singular)
énemu (dative neuter singular)
nom (accusative masculine singular)
gen (accusative masculine singular)
éno (accusative feminine singular)
éno (accusative neuter singular)
énem (locative masculine singular)
énemu (locative masculine singular)
éni (feminine locative singular)
énem (locative neuter singular)
énemu (locative neuter singular)
énim (instrumental masculine singular)
éno (feminine instrumental singular)
énim (instrumental neuter singular)
ȇn (masculine singular vocative)
ȇna (feminine singular vocative)
ȇno (neuter singular vocative)
éna (dual masculine nominative)
éni (dual feminine nominative)
éni (dual neuter nominative)
énih (dual genitive masculine)
énih (dual feminine genitive)
énih (dual genitive neuter)
énima (dative dual masculine)
énima (dative dual feminine)
énima (dative dual neuter)
éna (accusative dual masculine)
éni (accusative dual feminine)
éni (accusative dual neuter)
énih (dual locative masculine)
énih (dual feminine locative)
énih (dual locative neuter)
énima (dual instrumental masculine)
énima (dual feminine instrumental)
énima (dual instrumental neuter)
ȇna (dual masculine vocative)
éni (dual feminine vocative)
éni (dual neuter vocative)
éni (masculine nominative plural)
éne (feminine nominative plural)
éna (neuter nominative plural)
énih (genitive masculine plural)
énih (feminine genitive plural)
énih (genitive neuter plural)
énim (dative masculine plural)
énim (dative feminine plural)
énim (dative neuter plural)
éne (accusative masculine plural)
éne (accusative feminine plural)
éna (accusative neuter plural)
énih (locative masculine plural)
énih (feminine locative plural)
énih (locative neuter plural)
énimi (instrumental masculine plural)
énimi (feminine instrumental plural)
énimi (instrumental neuter plural)
ȇni (masculine plural vocative)
ȇne (feminine plural vocative)
ȇna (neuter plural vocative)
éni (definite masculine nominative positive singular)
éna (definite feminine nominative positive singular)
éno (definite neuter nominative positive singular)
énega (definite genitive masculine positive singular)
éne (definite feminine genitive positive singular)
énega (definite genitive neuter positive singular)
énemu (dative definite masculine positive singular)
éni (dative definite feminine positive singular)
énemu (dative definite neuter positive singular)
nom (accusative definite masculine positive singular)
gen (accusative definite masculine positive singular)
éno (accusative definite feminine positive singular)
éno (accusative definite neuter positive singular)
énem (definite locative masculine positive singular)
énemu (definite locative masculine positive singular)
éni (definite feminine locative positive singular)
énem (definite locative neuter positive singular)
énemu (definite locative neuter positive singular)
énim (definite instrumental masculine positive singular)
éno (definite feminine instrumental positive singular)
énim (definite instrumental neuter positive singular)
ȇni (definite masculine positive singular vocative)
ȇna (definite feminine positive singular vocative)
ȇno (definite neuter positive singular vocative)
éna (definite dual masculine nominative positive)
éni (definite dual feminine nominative positive)
éni (definite dual neuter nominative positive)
énih (definite dual genitive masculine positive)
énih (definite dual feminine genitive positive)
énih (definite dual genitive neuter positive)
énima (dative definite dual masculine positive)
énima (dative definite dual feminine positive)
énima (dative definite dual neuter positive)
éna (accusative definite dual masculine positive)
éni (accusative definite dual feminine positive)
éni (accusative definite dual neuter positive)
énih (definite dual locative masculine positive)
énih (definite dual feminine locative positive)
énih (definite dual locative neuter positive)
énima (definite dual instrumental masculine positive)
énima (definite dual feminine instrumental positive)
énima (definite dual instrumental neuter positive)
ȇna (definite dual masculine positive vocative)
ȇni (definite dual feminine positive vocative)
ȇni (definite dual neuter positive vocative)
éni (definite masculine nominative plural positive)
éne (definite feminine nominative plural positive)
éna (definite neuter nominative plural positive)
énih (definite genitive masculine plural positive)
énih (definite feminine genitive plural positive)
énih (definite genitive neuter plural positive)
énim (dative definite masculine plural positive)
énim (dative definite feminine plural positive)
énim (dative definite neuter plural positive)
éne (accusative definite masculine plural positive)
éne (accusative definite feminine plural positive)
éna (accusative definite neuter plural positive)
énih (definite locative masculine plural positive)
énih (definite feminine locative plural positive)
énih (definite locative neuter plural positive)
énimi (definite instrumental masculine plural positive)
énimi (definite feminine instrumental plural positive)
énimi (definite instrumental neuter plural positive)
ȇni (definite masculine plural positive vocative)
ȇne (definite feminine plural positive vocative)
ȇna (definite neuter plural positive vocative)
énega (positive)
éno (positive)

First declension (hard), fixed accent

Contraction of earlier êden, from Proto-Slavic *(j)edinъ.

(colloquial, also unstressed) some (someone/something arbitrary – unspecified determiner)


en

numeral and article when used before g in close syntactic connection

From Old Swedish ēn, æn, from Old Norse einn, from Proto-Germanic *ainaz (“one, some”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óynos (“one”).


two

Solombala English: ту (tu)

PIE word
 *dwóh₁
From Middle English two, twa, from Old English twā, feminine and neuter of twēġen (whence twain), from Proto-West Germanic *twai-, from Proto-Germanic *twai, from Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁.
Cognate with Scots twa (“two”); North Frisian tou, tuu (“two”); Saterland Frisian twäin, two (“two”); West Frisian twa (“two”); Dutch twee (“two”); Low German twee, twei (“two”); German zwei, zwo (“two”); Danish and Norwegian to (“two”); Swedish två, tu (“two”); Icelandic tvö (“two”); Faroese tvey (“two”); Latin duō (“two”); Ancient Greek δύο (dúo, “two”); Irish dhá (“two”); Lithuanian dù (“two”); Russian два (dva, “two”); Albanian dy (“two”); Old Armenian երկու (erku, “two”); Sanskrit द्व (dvá, “two”); Tocharian A wu, Tocharian B wi. Doublet of duo. See also twain.

a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush

one can't carry two watermelons under one arm

one can't hold two watermelons in one hand

Table of cardinal numbers 0 to 9 in various languages

A numerical value equal to 2; this many dots (••).


two

→ Russian: туз (tuz, “two-oar dinghy”)


two

desctree

English: two, twain (dated); twey (archaic)
Solombala English: ту (tu)

Geordie English: twe

Scots: twa, twae

From Old English twā, feminine of twēġen.


sieve

Inherited from Central Franconian sivve, from Middle High German siben, from Old High German sibun, from Proto-West Germanic *sebun, from Proto-Germanic *sebun.
Cognate with German sieben and Luxembourgish siwen.

Das sin schun sieve Uher.


X

From the Etruscan letter 𐌗 (x, “ex”), from the Ancient Greek letter Χ (Kh, “chi”), created ex nihilo.

(especially in the names of aristocracy) the tenth.


X

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Χ (Kh, “chi”), which represented /ks/ in the dialects of most of the Greek mainland and Euboea.


fifty

PIE word
 *pénkʷe
From Middle English fifty, from Old English fīftiġ, from Proto-Germanic *fimf tigiwiz (“five tens”).

inh

The cardinal number occurring after forty-nine and before fifty-one.


fifty

English: fifty

Scots: fifty, fyfty

From Old English fīftiġ, from Proto-Germanic *fimf tigiwiz; equivalent to five + -ty.


octuplet

A group of eight things, particularly
An eight-part multiplet.

A group of eight children born together.

otteling

one of eight babies born at the same birth

(music) A group of eight notes played in the time of six.


septuplet

Lady (Alyson Levy): Where are my babies? Where are my babies?
Xavier (Vernon Chatman): Keep it down, lady, we got families around here.
Lady: Aaaah, have you seen my babies?
Xavier: I'm poppin' a peek at a smokin' babe right now.
Lady: I lost seven of my babies!
Xavier: Tragic, I've got septuplets myself. I don't know what I'd do if I lost them. Good thing I'm a responsible parent. You should try it sometime.

2007, Xavier: Renegade Angel, season 1, episode 4

One of a group of seven, particularly one of seven babies born at the same birth.


sextuplet

One of a group of six persons or animals born from the same mother during the same birth.

(music) A group of six notes played in the time of four.

(music, proscribed) A group of six notes played in the time of four, with accents on the first, third and fifth notes.

(music, proscribed) A group of six notes played in the time of four, with accents on the first and fourth notes; a double triplet.

(music, proscribed) A group of six notes played in the time of four, with an accent only on the first note.


quadruplet

One of a group of four, particularly one of four babies born from the same mother during the same birth.


quintuplet

From quintuple + -et, from Middle French quintuple.

One of a group of five, particularly babies born from the same mother during the same birth.

quintigemin

one of a group of five babies born from the same mother during the same birth


fifth

PIE word
 *pénkʷe
From Middle English fifthe, fifte, fift, from Old English fīfta (“fifth”), from Proto-Germanic *fimftô (“fifth”) or *femftô, equivalent to five + -th. Cognate with Scots fift, fyft (“fifth”), North Frisian fyfde (“fifth”), West Frisian fyfde (“fifth”), Dutch vijfde (“fifth”), Low German fifte, föfte, füfte (“fifth”), German fünfte (“fifth”), Danish femte (“fifth”), Swedish femte (“fifth”), Icelandic fimmta (“fifth”).

vyfde

Ordinal form of the number 5 — see also 5th

cinq

abbreviation V;after the name;in names of monarchs and popes


sixth

six (frequent reduced form before a consonant)

From earlier sixt, from Middle English sixte, from Old English siexta, from Proto-Germanic *sehstô.

Dr. Ridpath, in his usual happy manner, thanked the Executive Committee and the various members of the Association who had so earnestly cooperated with him in the work of the Sixth Annual Meeting now drawing to a close.

1892, Western Association of Writers, Sayings and Doings of the Sixth General Meeting, Jones Brothers Publishing Company, pages 271–272

As this sixth edition is published in 2011, it is exactly 25 years since the publication of the first edition in 1986. That, in itself, is a very sobering thought, for all kinds of reasons.

2011 February 25, Peter Dicken, Global Shift, Sixth Edition: Mapping the Changing Contours of the World Economy, Guilford Press, page xi

sesde

ordinal form of the number six — see also 6th

six

abbreviation VI;after the name;in names of monarchs and popes


sixth

(music) The interval between one note and another, five notes higher in the scale, for example C to A, a major sixth, or C to A flat, a minor sixth. (Note that the interval covers six notes counting inclusively, for example C-D-E-F-G-A.)


sixth

en-verb

sixth (third-person singular simple present sixths, present participle sixthing, simple past and past participle sixthed)

sixths (present singular third-person)
sixthing (participle present)
sixthed (participle past)
sixthed (past)

Why would anyone use sixthing when any (N − a²) divisible by 6 would also be divisible by 3? The answer is that sometimes the numerator and/or the denominator is simpler in sixthing,

1993, Dead Reckoning: Calculating Without Instruments, page 102

to divide by six, which also means multiplying a denominator by six


zero

→ Tokelauan: helo

From French zéro, from Italian zero, from Medieval Latin zephirum, from Arabic صِفْر (ṣifr, “nothing, cipher”), itself calqued from Sanskrit शून्य (śūnya, “void, nothingness”). Doublet of cipher and chiffre.

der

The conductor waited until the passenger count was zero.

A cheque for zero dollars and zero cents crashed the computers on division by zero.

The cardinal number occurring before one and that denotes no quantity or amount at all, represented in Arabic numerals as 0.

nul

cardinal number before 1, denoting nothing


zero

en-noun

zero (countable and uncountable, plural zeros or zeroes)

pole

antonym(s) of “value of a function's variables at zero”

They rudely treated him like a zero.

(slang) A person of little or no importance.

The visit to Townsville was filled with nostalgia for me. I remembered very well staying there on June 8, 1942. I shared a room with a brave and friendly officer, Colonel Francis Stevens. Early the next morning we flew to Port Moresby in New Guinea, and from there we took off in separate planes. Colonel Stevens never returned from that flight; his plane was shot down by a Japanese Zero.

1971, Lyndon Johnson, “The New Age of Regionalism”, in The Vantage Point, Holt, Reinhart & Winston, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 361

(military, usually capitalized) A Mitsubishi A6M Zero, a long range fighter aircraft operated by the Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service from 1940 to 1945.


zero

zero (absolutive indefinite)
zeroa (absolutive indefinite singular)
zeroak (absolutive indefinite plural)
zerok (ergative indefinite)
zeroak (ergative indefinite singular)
zeroek (ergative indefinite plural)
zerori (dative indefinite)
zeroari (dative indefinite singular)
zeroei (dative indefinite plural)
zeroren (genitive indefinite)
zeroaren (genitive indefinite singular)
zeroen (genitive indefinite plural)
zerorekin (comitative indefinite)
zeroarekin (comitative indefinite singular)
zeroekin (comitative indefinite plural)
zerorengatik (causative indefinite)
zeroarengatik (causative indefinite singular)
zeroengatik (causative indefinite plural)
zerorentzat (benefactive indefinite)
zeroarentzat (benefactive indefinite singular)
zeroentzat (benefactive indefinite plural)
zeroz (indefinite instrumental)
zeroaz (indefinite instrumental singular)
zeroez (indefinite instrumental plural)
zerorengan (animate indefinite inessive)
zeroarengan (animate indefinite inessive singular)
zeroengan (animate indefinite inessive plural)
zerotan (inanimate indefinite inessive)
zeroan (inanimate indefinite inessive singular)
zeroetan (inanimate indefinite inessive plural)
zerotako (inanimate indefinite locative)
zeroko (inanimate indefinite locative singular)
zeroetako (inanimate indefinite locative plural)
zerorengana (allative animate indefinite)
zeroarengana (allative animate indefinite singular)
zeroengana (allative animate indefinite plural)
zerotara (allative inanimate indefinite)
zerora (allative inanimate indefinite singular)
zeroetara (allative inanimate indefinite plural)
zerorenganaino (animate indefinite terminative)
zeroarenganaino (animate indefinite singular terminative)
zeroenganaino (animate indefinite plural terminative)
zerotaraino (inanimate indefinite terminative)
zeroraino (inanimate indefinite singular terminative)
zeroetaraino (inanimate indefinite plural terminative)
zerorenganantz (animate directive indefinite)
zeroarenganantz (animate directive indefinite singular)
zeroenganantz (animate directive indefinite plural)
zerotarantz (directive inanimate indefinite)
zerorantz (directive inanimate indefinite singular)
zeroetarantz (directive inanimate indefinite plural)
zerorenganako (animate destinative indefinite)
zeroarenganako (animate destinative indefinite singular)
zeroenganako (animate destinative indefinite plural)
zerotarako (destinative inanimate indefinite)
zerorako (destinative inanimate indefinite singular)
zeroetarako (destinative inanimate indefinite plural)
zerorengandik (ablative animate indefinite)
zeroarengandik (ablative animate indefinite singular)
zeroengandik (ablative animate indefinite plural)
zerotatik (ablative inanimate indefinite)
zerotik (ablative inanimate indefinite singular)
zeroetatik (ablative inanimate indefinite plural)
zerorik (indefinite partitive)
zerotzat (indefinite prolative)

From Spanish cero, from Medieval Latin zephirum, ultimately from Arabic صِفْر (ṣifr, “zero, nothing, empty, void”).


zero

From Italian zero, from Medieval Latin zephirum, from Arabic صِفْر (ṣifr, “nothing, cipher”).


zero

Borrowed from English zero, French zéro, Italian zero, Spanish cero.


zero

From New Latin zerum, from Medieval Latin zephirum, from Arabic صِفْر (ṣifr, “nothing”, “cipher”). Doublet of cifra.


zero

zerowy (adjective)
zero (nominative singular)
zera (nominative plural)
zera (genitive singular)
zer (genitive plural)
zeru (dative singular)
zerom (dative plural)
zero (accusative singular)
zera (accusative plural)
zerem (instrumental singular)
zerami (instrumental plural)
zerze (locative singular)
zerach (locative plural)
zero (singular vocative)
zera (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French zéro. First attested in 1781. Doublet of cyfra and szyfr.

ref

Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “zero”, in Słownik języka polskiego

zero (numeric symbol that represents the cardinal number zero)