Eskimo

en-noun

Eskimo (plural Eskimo or Eskimos or Eskimoes)

Eskimo (plural)
Eskimos (plural)
Eskimoes (plural)

Attested since 1584, ultimately from an Old Montagnais term. Ives Goddard's theory, accepted by most linguists today, is that it derives from Montagnais ayaškimew (“snowshoe-netter”). An older theory, defended by John Steckley due to its greater acceptance in Native oral traditions, but discredited by linguists, is that it derives from a term meaning "eater(s) of raw meat".
Details.
* The theory most accepted among linguists today is that it derives from ayaškimew (“snowshoe-netter”) (compare Montagnais assime·w (“she laces a snowshoe”), Ojibwe ashkime (“s/he nets snowshoes”)), a term applied to the Mi'kmaq and apparently later transferred to the Labrador Inuit.
* An older theory derives it from a term meaning "eaters of raw meat"; compare Cree askamiciw (“s/he eats it raw”) (Inuit are referred to in some Cree texts as askipiw, "eats something raw"). John Steckley argues in favor of this theory because of its greater acceptance in native oral traditions, and because the Huron, historical allies and trading partners of the Montagnais who loan-translated many names, also denote the Inuit using terms (e.g. Lorette Huron ok8ch iechronnon, Wyandot ok8chtronnon, both including -ok8ch- "to be raw") meaning "people of the raw", "people who eat something raw".
In 1978, Montagnais-speaking Quebec anthropologist Jose Mailhot alternatively suggested Eskimo meant "people who speak a different language", but Steckley considers her theory unlikely.
The term may have entered English via Spanish esquimao, esquimal (used by Basque fishermen in Labrador).

cog

(Canadian football, historical) A team member of the Canadian Football League's Edmonton Eskimos. (Obsolete as of 2020 with the team dropping this name in favour of Elks in 2021.)


rope

en-noun

rope (countable and uncountable, plural ropes)

→ Irish: rópa

Tok Pisin: rop

From Middle English rop, rope, from Old English rāp (“rope, cord, cable”), from Proto-West Germanic *raip, from Proto-Germanic *raipaz, *raipą (“rope, cord, band, ringlet”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁roypnós (“strap, band, rope”), from *h₁reyp- (“to peel off, tear; border, edge, strip”).
Cognates
Cognate with Scots rape, raip (“rope”), Saterland Frisian Roop (“rope”), West Frisian reap (“rope, cord”), Dutch roop, reep (“rope, cord, ring, strip, bar”), German Low German Reep (“rope”), Swedish rep (“rope”), Danish reb (“rope”), Icelandic reipi (“rope”), Albanian rrip (“belt, rope”).

der

give him enough rope and he'll hang himself

you'd complain if you were hung with a new rope

He hit a rope past third and into the corner.


IP

en-noun

IP (countable and uncountable, plural IPs)

(baseball, countable, invariant) Initialism of innings pitched (the statistic reporting the number of innings pitched by a pitcher.)


fair

en-adj

fair (comparative fairer, superlative fairest)

fairer (comparative)
fairest (superlative)

→ German: fair

→ Hebrew: פייר

→ Macedonian: фер (fer)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: фер

Latin script: fer

From Middle English fayr, feir, fager, from Old English fæġer (“beautiful”), from Proto-West Germanic *fagr, from Proto-Germanic *fagraz (“suitable, fitting, nice”), from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ḱ- (“to fasten, place”).
Cognate with Scots fayr, fare (“fair”), Danish feir, faver, fager (“fair, pretty”), Norwegian fager (“fair, pretty”), Swedish fager (“fair, pretty”), Icelandic fagur (“beautiful, fair”), Umbrian pacer (“gracious, merciful, kind”), Slovak pekný (“good-looking, handsome, nice”). See also peace.

cog

(rugby, of a catch) Taken direct from an opponent's foot, without the ball touching the ground or another player.

(cricket, of a ball delivered by the bowler) Not a no ball.


batman

batmani (plural)
batman (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
batmanul (accusative definite nominative singular)
batmani (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
batmanii (accusative definite nominative plural)
batman (indefinite singular)
batmanului (definite singular)
batmani (indefinite singular)
batmanilor (definite plural)
batmanule (singular vocative)
batmanilor (vocative)


keystone

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-keystone.wav

From key + stone.
Definition 4 (retail) possibly originated in the jewelry industry in the magazine called "Jewelers' Circular-Keystone".

(baseball) The combination of the shortstop and second baseman.


wag

en-verb

wag (third-person singular simple present wags, present participle wagging, simple past and past participle wagged)

wags (present singular third-person)
wagging (participle present)
wagged (participle past)
wagged (past)

From Middle English waggen, probably from Old English wagian (“to wag, wave, shake”) with reinforcement from Old Norse vaga (“to wag, waddle”); both from Proto-Germanic *wagōną (“to wag”). Related to English way.
The verb may be regarded as an iterative or emphatic form of waw (verb), which is often nearly synonymous; it was used, e.g., of a loose tooth. Parallel formations from the same root are the Old Norse vagga feminine, cradle (Swedish vagga, Danish vugge), Swedish vagga (“to rock a cradle”), Dutch wagen (“to move”), early modern German waggen (dialectal German wacken) to waver, totter. Compare waggle, verb

inh

The tail wagged.

(intransitive, cricket, slang) Of the tail (lower order of the batting lineup): to score more runs than expected.


diamond

en-noun

diamond (countable and uncountable, plural diamonds)

From Middle English dyamaunt, from Old French diamant, from Late Latin diamās, from Latin adamās, from Ancient Greek ἀδάμᾱς (adámās, “diamond”). Doublet of adamant. The printing sense is a calque of Dutch diamant, used by Dirck Voskens who first cut it around 1700; compare pearl, ruby (“size of type between pearl and nonpareil”).

der

(baseball) The entire field of play used in the game.

The teams met on the diamond.

(baseball) The infield of a baseball field.


lagarto

Guinea-Bissau Creole: lagártu

→ Hunsrik: Lagart

From Old Galician-Portuguese lagarto, from Vulgar Latin *lacartum, from Latin lacertus, of uncertain origin.

(Portugal, soccer, derogatory) a supporter, player or coach of Sporting Clube de Portugal


hutch

From Middle English hucche (“storage chest”), variation of whucce, from Old English hwiċe, hwiċċe (“box, chest”). Spelling influenced by Old French huche (“chest”), from Medieval Latin hūtica, from a different Germanic root, from Frankish *hutta, from Proto-Germanic *hudjō, *hudjǭ (“box, hut, hutch”). Akin to Old English hȳdan (“to conceal; hide”). More at hide, hut.
(cricket pavilion or dressing room): An extension of the rabbit metaphor.

(cricket, slang) The pavilion or dressing room.


passer

(sports) Someone who passes, someone who makes a pass.

(American football) A football player who makes a forward pass, who may be (but not limited to) the quarterback.


double

PIE word
 *dwóh₁
From Middle English double, from Old French doble, double, from Latin duplus (“twofold”). Doublet of doppio and duple.

The catcher hit a double to lead off the ninth.

(soccer) Two competitions, usually one league and one cup, won by the same team in a single season.

(cricket) The achievement of 1000 runs and 100 wickets taken in a single season.


double

en-verb

double (third-person singular simple present doubles, present participle doubling, simple past and past participle doubled)

doubles (present singular third-person)
doubling (participle present)
doubled (participle past)
doubled (past)

The batter doubled into the corner.


double

Inherited from Old French doble, from Latin duplus.


cannon

en-noun

cannon (countable and uncountable, plural cannons or (mainly UK) cannon)

cannons (plural)
cannon (UK mainly plural)

Attested from around 1400 as Middle English canon, canoun, from Old French canon, from Italian cannone, from Latin canna, from Ancient Greek κάννα (kánna, “reed”), from Akkadian 𒄀 (qanû, “reed”), from Sumerian 𒄀𒈾 (gi.na). Doublet of canyon. This spelling was not fixed until about 1800.

He’s got a cannon out in right.

(baseball, figuratively, informal) The arm of a player who can throw well.


ping pong

ping pong (countable and uncountable, plural ping pongs)

→ Chinese: 乒乓球 (pīngpāngqiú)

→ Greek: πινγκ πονγκ (pingk pongk)

→ Italian: ping pong

→ Japanese: ピンポン (pin pon)

→ Korean: 핑퐁 (pingpong)

→ Portuguese: pingue-pongue

→ Russian: пинг-понг (ping-pong)

→ Spanish: ping pong

Onomatopoeic. The name “ping-pong” was in wide use before British manufacturer J. Jaques & Son Ltd trademarked it in 1901. Jaques sold the rights to the “ping-pong” name in the United States to Parker Brothers. Registered in the United States in 1930, Ping-Pong (with dash) is still a registered wordmark of Parker Brothers, Inc. Contrary to a common misconception, the word does not originate from Chinese 乒乓 (pīngpāng), though there are possibilities that the coiners encountered Chinese themselves.

Our correspondent seems to hope that the unclean, playing Ping-Pong with the clean, will become unpleasantly conscious of his uncleanness and reform.

1900, Daily Chronicle, published 1905, May 8, page 6/6:


rouge

rouge (countable and uncountable, plural rouges)

Borrowed from French rouge, from Latin rubeus. Compare rare Middle English rouge, rouȝ (“red”); later borrowed again, as it is not attested until c. 1750. The game senses are of unknown origin according to the Oxford English Dictionary.

(Canadian football) A single point awarded when a team kicks the ball out of its opponent's end zone, or when a kicked ball becomes dead within the non-kicking team's end zone. Etymology uncertain; it is thought that in the early years of the sport, a red flag indicated that a single had been scored.


basketball

basketball (countable and uncountable, plural basketballs)

→ Catalan: basquetbol

→ Cebuano: basketbol

→ Crimean Tatar: basketbol

→ Czech: basketbal

→ French: basket-ball

→ Danish: basketball

→ Dutch: basketbal

→ German: Basketball

→ Gujarati: બાસ્કેટ બોલ (bāskeṭ bol)

desc

μπάσκετ-μπολ

→ Greek: μπάσκετ-μπολ (básket-bol)

→ Japanese: バスケットボール (basukettobōru)

→ Luxembourgish: Basketball

Norwegian:

→ Norwegian Bokmål: basketball

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: basketball

→ Persian: بسکتبال (basketbâl)

→ Portuguese: basquetebol

→ Russian: баскетбо́л (basketból) (see there for further descendants)

→ Spanish: básquetbol

→ Tagalog: básketból

→ Thai: บาสเกตบอล (báas-gét-bɔl)

→ Turkish: basketbol

→ Yiddish: באַסקעטבאָל (basketbol)

ܐܸܣܦܹܝܪ ܣܵܠܵܐ

→ Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܐܸܣܦܹܝܪ ܣܵܠܵܐ (ispēr sālā) (calque)

→ Asturian: baloncestu (calque)

→ Basque: saskibaloi (calque)

Chinese:

→ Mandarin: 籃球 /篮球 (lánqiú), 篮球 (lánqiú) (calque)

→ Estonian: korvpall (calque)

→ Faroese: kurvabóltur (calque)

→ Finnish: koripallo (calque)

→ Galician: baloncesto (calque)

כַּדּוּרְסַל

→ Hebrew: כַּדּוּרְסַל (calque)

→ Hungarian: kosárlabda (calque)

→ Icelandic: körfubolti (calque)

→ Italian: pallacanestro (calque)

→ Japanese: 籠球 (calque)

→ Korean: 농구(籠球) (nonggu) (calque)

→ Scottish Gaelic: ball-basgaid (calque)

→ Spanish: baloncesto (calque)

→ Swahili: mpira wa kikapu (calque)

→ Turkish: sepet topu (calque)

→ Venetan: bałacanestro (calque)

→ Vietnamese: bóng rổ (calque)

→ Yiddish: קוישבאָל (koyshbol) (calque)

ബാസ്ക്കറ്റ്ബോള്

bāskkaṟṟbōḷŭ

(countable) The particular kind of ball used in the sport of basketball.


batsman

batswoman

batsman; when is treated as both male and female

(cricket) A player of the batting side now on the field.

battitore

cricket: player of the batting side on the field

The batsman, Kathryn Leng, (who has played for quite a few years for England) asked the umpire dumbfounded if Charlie was going to bowl with a helmet on.

2001 June 19, Julia Price, “Julia's Ashes Diary 2001”, in Women's Cricket in Australia -Ashes Tour 2001, southernstars.org, archived from the original on 2015-03-22:

(cricket) The player now receiving strike; the striker.

(cricket) Any player selected for his or her team principally to bat, as opposed to a bowler.

lyöjä

cricket: player principally selected to bat


ton

→ Tokelauan: tone, tane

Variant of tun (“cask”), influenced by Old French tonne (“ton”).

ton

various units of mass notionally equivalent to a tun

(colloquial, chiefly UK) Synonym of hundred, particularly

Synonym of hundred, particularly
100 runs.


guard

From Middle English garde, from early Middle French or late Old French guarde (“a guardian, warden, keeper”) (whence modern French garde), from the verb guarder. Doublet of garda, which is from Irish.

der

(basketball) A relatively short player, playing farther from the basket than a forward or centre.

(cricket) The position on the popping crease where a batsman makes a mark to align himself with the wicket; see take guard.

(American football) Either of two offensive positions between the centre and each of the offensive tackles, whose main responsibilities are to protect the quarterback, and open up "holes" through which offensive players can run.


iso

en-noun

iso (countable and uncountable, plural isos)

“I can remember lining up against them and saying, ‘This is the 15th iso that you’re going to get.’ ”

2007 January 5, Pete Thamel, quoting Greg Mattison, “Scoreboard Shows This Isn't the Same Old Ohio State”, in New York Times:

(American football, basketball) An isolation play in basketball or American football.


three-point line

three-point line (plural three-point lines)

(basketball) An arc on the floor of a basketball court beyond which a successful shot is worth three points.


three-point shot

three-point shot (plural three-point shots)

(basketball) A shot attempted from beyond the three-point line.


roundball

From round + ball, to contrast with the elliptical ball in American football. Attested from the 1980s.

(US, slang, originally African-American) The sport of basketball.


decision

decision (countable and uncountable, plural decisions)

Derived from Middle French, from Latin dēcīsiō, dēcīsiōnis, from dēcīdō (“to decide”).

(baseball) A win or a loss awarded to a pitcher.


March Madness

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-March Madness.wav

From the month of March, during which most of the tournament matches take place. The "madness" part is probably an allusion to the phrase mad as a March hare.

(basketball, US) The NCAA Division I basketball championship tournaments.


Final Four

(basketball, US, informal) The four regional champions of the NCAA Division I tournament, one of whom will become the national champion.

(basketball, US, informal) The final two rounds of the NCAA Division I tournament.

These two teams have an amazing number of Final Fours between them.

(basketball, US, informal) An appearance in the Final Four.

(basketball, Europe) The final round of the continent-wide Euroleague club basketball competition, featuring four teams with one becoming champion.


free-throw line

free-throw line (plural free-throw lines)

(basketball) A line parallel to the baseline, fifteen feet from the plane of the backboard, from behind which a free throw may be taken.


shooting guard

(basketball) A guard who is usually the taller of the two guard positions, and sometimes specializes in shooting from outside, particular from beyond the three-point line.


hoops

Let's shoot some hoops!


free throw

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-free throw.wav

(basketball) A shot, worth one point, taken from the free-throw line and without opposition.


point guard

Many current NBA coaches are former point guards.

(basketball) A guard who is usually the shortest of the five basketball positions, and specializes in handling the ball, distributing it to the other players and generally running the team's offense.


poke

From Middle English poken, perhaps from Middle Dutch poken or Middle Low German poken, both from Proto-West Germanic *pukōn or similar, which is itself of uncertain origin, but may be from an imitative Proto-Germanic root *puk-. Doublet of poach.

onomatopoeic

imitative

better than a poke in the eye with a burnt stick

better than a poke in the eye with a rusty nail

better than a poke in the eye with a sharp stick

better than a poke in the eye with a shitty stick

(baseball, slang) A hit, especially an extra base hit.


backboard

(basketball) The flat vertical surface to which the basket is attached.

(tennis) A flat vertical wall with the image of a tennis net drawn or painted on it, designed to practice hitting against such that the ball rebounds.


main

→? English: main

→⇒ German: Lamäng

Haitian Creole: men

Louisiana Creole: men

⇒ Mauritian Creole: lame

Inherited from Middle French main, Old French main, mein, man, from Latin manus (“hand”), from Proto-Italic *manus, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *méh₂-r̥ ~ *mh₂-én-, derived from Proto-Indo-European *(s)meh₂- (“to beckon”), or perhaps from a Proto-Indo-European *mon-u- (see the Proto-Italic entry). Compare Spanish mano.


squeeze

en-verb

squeeze (third-person singular simple present squeezes, present participle squeezing, simple past squeezed or (nonstandard) squoze, past participle squeezed or (nonstandard) squozen)

squeezes (present singular third-person)
squeezing (participle present)
squeezed (past)
squoze (nonstandard past)
squeezed (participle past)
squozen (nonstandard participle past)

From earlier squize, squise (whence also dialectal English squizzen and squeege), first attested around 1600, further origin uncertain; probably an alteration of quease (which is attested since 1550), from Middle English queisen (“to squeeze”), from Old English cwēsan, cwȳsan (“to crush, squeeze”), itself also of unknown origin, perhaps imitative (compare Swedish qväsa, kväsa (“to squeeze, bruise, crush; quell”), Dutch kwetsen (“to injure, hurt”), German quetschen (“to squeeze”)). Or, a blend of obsolete squiss (“to squeeze”) (whence also squash and squish) with quease. Compare also French esquicher from Old Occitan esquichar (“to press, squeeze”).
The slang expression "to put the squeeze on (someone or something)", meaning "to exert influence", is from 1711. The baseball term "squeeze play" is first recorded 1905. "Main squeeze" ("most important person") is attested from 1896, the specific meaning "one's sweetheart, lover" is attested in 1970s.
The nonstandard strong forms squoze and squozen, attested dialectally since at least the mid-19th century, are by analogy with freeze.

cog

Jones squeezed in Smith with a perfect bunt.

(transitive, baseball) To attempt to score a runner from third by bunting.

ճզմրտուք

baseball: to attempt to score a runner from third by bunting


squeeze

The game ended in exciting fashion with a failed squeeze.

(baseball) The act of bunting in an attempt to score a runner from third.

スクイズ

baseball: the act of bunting in an attempt to score a runner from third


peg

From Middle English pegge, from Middle Dutch pegge (“pin, peg”), from Old Dutch *pigg-, *pegg-, from Proto-Germanic *pig-, *pag- (“peg, stake”), from Proto-Indo-European *bak-, *baḱ- (“club, pointed stick, peg”). Cognate with Dutch dialectal peg (“pin”), Low German pig, pigge (“peg, stick with a point”), Low German pegel (“post, stake”), Swedish pigg (“tooth, spike”), Danish pig (“spike”), Norwegian Bokmål pigg (“spike”), Irish bac (“stick, crook”), Latin baculum (“staff”), Latvian bakstît (“to poke”), Ancient Greek βάκτρον (báktron, “staff, walking stick”). Related to beak.
This is one of the very few English words that begin with a p and come from Proto-Germanic. Proto-Germanic *p, when not in a consonant cluster beginning with *s, developed by Grimm's law from the Proto-Indo-European consonant *b, which was very rare.
(To indicate or ascribe an attribute to):: Assumed to originate from the use of pegs or pins as markers on a bulletin board or a list.

sense

Lindy hit the pegs with five deliveries out of six.

1961, Colin McCool, Cricket is a Game, page 123:


peg

peg (indefinite nominative singular)
pegs (genitive indefinite singular)
peggen (definite nominative singular)
peggens (definite genitive singular)
peggar (indefinite nominative plural)
peggars (genitive indefinite plural)
peggarna (definite nominative plural)
peggarnas (definite genitive plural)

(golf) a tee (peg on which the golf ball is placed)


battery

en-noun

battery (countable and uncountable, plural batteries)

Korean: 배터리 (baeteori)

Borrowed from Middle French batterie, from Old French baterie (“action of beating”), from batre (“battre”), from Latin battuō (“beat”), from Gaulish. Doublet of batterie.

der

(baseball) The catcher and the pitcher together


toss

From Middle English tossen (“to buffet about, agitate, toss; to sift or winnow”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps from Old Norse (compare dialectal Norwegian tossa, dialectal Swedish tossa (“to strew, spread”)), or perhaps from an alteration of Middle English tosen (“to tease, pull apart, shred; to wound, injure”). Compare also Dutch tassen (“to pile or heap up, stack”).
The Welsh tos (“a quick jerk”) and tosio (“to jerk, toss”) are probably borrowed from the English.

cog

(cricket, soccer) The coin toss before a cricket match in order to decide who bats first, or before a football match in order to decide the direction of play.


cricket

→ Afrikaans: krieket

→ Albanian: kriket

→ Arabic: الكريكت (al krīkit)

→ Assamese: ক্ৰিকেট (kriket)

→ Burmese: ကရစ်ကက် (ka.rackak)

→ Catalan: criquet

→ Czech: kriket

→ Danish: kricket, cricket

→ Dutch: cricket

→ French: cricket

→ Galician: crícket

→ German: Cricket

→ Greek: κρίκετ (kríket)

desc

→ Hebrew: קְרִיקֶט

→ Hebrew: קְרִיקֶט

→ Hindi: क्रिकेट (krikeṭ)

→ Hungarian: krikett

→ Icelandic: krikket

→ Irish: cruicéad

→ Italian: cricket

→ Japanese: クリケット (kuriketto)

→ Korean: 크리켓 (keuriket)

→ Malay: kriket

→ Pashto: کرکټ (krikiṭ)

→ Persian: کریکت (krekit)

→ Polish: krykiet

→ Portuguese: críquete

→ Russian: кри́кет (kríket) (see there for further descendants)

→ Scottish Gaelic: criogaid

→ Serbo-Croatian: krìket, крѝкет

→ Spanish: críquet, cricket

→ Swahili: kriketi

→ Swedish: cricket

→ Thai: คริกเก็ต (krík-gèt)

→ Urdu: کرکٹ (krikiṭ)

→ Welsh: criced

Perhaps from a Flemish dialect of Dutch met de krik ketsen (“to chase a ball with a curved stick”).

der

(sports) A game played outdoors with bats and a ball between two teams of eleven, popular in England and many Commonwealth countries.


layoff

(British, soccer) A short pass that has been rolled in front of another player for them to kick.


pea

From having the appearance of a pea (see English etymology 1), the edible seed of Pisum sativum, the pea plant.

(baseball) A ball travelling at high velocity.


halve

en-verb

halve (third-person singular simple present halves, present participle halving, simple past and past participle halved)

halves (present singular third-person)
halving (participle present)
halved (participle past)
halved (past)

From Middle English halven, helven, from Old English hilfan, helfan, *hielfan (“to halve, divide in two”), from Proto-West Germanic *halbijan, from Proto-Germanic *halbijaną (“to halve”), from Proto-Germanic *halbaz (“half”).
Cognate with Middle Dutch halven (“to halve”), Middle High German halben, helben (“to halve”). Compare also West Frisian helte (“to halve”), Dutch halveren (“to halve”), German Low German halberen (“to halve”), German halbieren (“to halve”), Danish halvere (“to halve”), Swedish halvera (“to halve”).

I, of course, had no difficulty in doing likewise, and we halved the hole; but the awkward fact remained that I must now gain every hole to win the match, for my opponent's score was "nine up," and there only remained ten holes to play.

1902, Robert Marshall Grade, The Haunted Major:

All that counts is whether you won, lost, or halved the match.

2005, Bill Elliott, The Golf Bag Buddy: The Essential On-Course Reference, page 67:

(golf, transitive) In match play, to achieve a tie or draw on.


cup

→ Farefare: kɔpɩ

→ Hebrew: קאפ (kap)

→ Japanese: カップ (kappu)

desc

→ Kashubian: kopsa (Canada, United States)

→ Korean: 컵 (keop)

→ Maori: kapu

Inherited from Middle English cuppe, coppe, from the merger of Old English cuppe (“cup”) and Old English copp (“cup, vessel”).
Old English cuppe is a borrowing from Late Latin cuppa, itself of obscure origin, but probably from earlier Latin cūpa (“tub, cask”), from Proto-Indo-European *kewp- (“a hollow”). Old English copp, however, is from Proto-West Germanic *kopp (“round object, bowl, vessel, knoll, summit, crown of the head”), from Proto-Germanic *kuppaz, from Proto-Indo-European *gew- (“to bend, curve, arch”) (whence also obsolete English cop (“top, summit, crown of the head”), German Kopf (“top, head”)).
The Middle English word was further reinforced by Anglo-Norman cupe and Old French cope, coupe, from Latin cuppa. Compare also Saterland Frisian Kop (“cup”), West Frisian kop (“cup”), Dutch kop (“cup”), German Low German Koppke, Köppke (“cup”), Danish kop (“cup”), Swedish kopp (“cup”). Doublet of coupe, hive, and keeve.

unk

obscure

cog

that and a dollar will get you a cup of coffee

that and a nickel will buy you a cup of coffee

that and twenty-five cents will get you a cup of coffee

there's many a slip between the cup and the lip

there's many a slip twixt the cup and the lip

Until it was disbanded in 1999, the European Cup-Winners Cup was contested annually by the winners of Europe's national cups.

2002, Rob Dimery, Peter Watts, Guinness world records, Gullane Children's Books, →ISBN:

Wallace had the unique distinction of being the only player ever to play in the English, Welsh and Scottish Cups in the same season.

2011, Michael Grant, Rob Robertson, The Management: Scotland's Great Football Bosses, Birlinn, →ISBN:

One week earlier, they had lost 5-2 to Borussia Dortmund in the DFB-Pokal [the German cup] final in Berlin.

2014, Martí Perarnau, Pep Confidential: Inside Pep Guardiola's First Season at Bayern Munich, Birlinn, →ISBN:

(soccer) The main knockout tournament in a country, organised alongside the league.

The ball just misses the cup.

(golf) A cup-shaped object placed in the target hole.

cassoleta

golf: cup-shaped object placed in the target hole


bos

head

bos f (genitive singular boise, nominative plural bosa)

boise (genitive singular)
bosa (nominative plural)
nominative (indefinite)
bos (indefinite singular)
bosa (indefinite plural)
vocative (indefinite)
a bhos (indefinite singular)
a bhosa (indefinite plural)
genitive (indefinite)
boise (indefinite singular)
bos (indefinite plural)
dative (indefinite)
bois (indefinite singular)
nominative (definite)
an bhos (definite singular)
na bosa (definite plural)
genitive (definite)
na boise (definite singular)
na mbos (definite plural)
dative (definite)
leis an mbois (definite singular)
don bhois (definite singular)
leis na bosa (definite plural)
bos
bhos
mbos

→ Yola: baush, bash

From Old Irish bas, bos (“palm”), from Proto-Celtic *bostā (“palm, fist”) (compare Breton boz (“hollow of the hand”)), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷosto-, *gʷosdʰo- (“branch”).

(hurling) the flattened, curved end of a hurley


goose-step

An intentionally disparaging alternative name for the "balance step" (German Stechschritt, "cut step") from a fancied resemblance to the waddling of geese.

(rugby) A deceptive step that breaks the normal flow of running and allows a player to accelerate and/or change direction quickly while simultaneously confusing the defender.


worm

From Middle English worm, werm, wurm, wirm, from Old English wyrm (“worm, snake”), from Proto-Germanic *wurmiz, from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥mis, possibly from *wer- (“to turn”). Doublet of vermin and wyrm, the latter of which is a fairly recent borrowing directly from the Old English.
(computing): First computer usage by John Brunner in his 1975 book The Shockwave Rider.
cognates
Germanic cognates include Dutch worm, West Frisian wjirm, German Wurm, Swedish orm (“snake”), Norwegian Nynorsk orm (“earthworm or snake”), Danish orm and Yiddish וואָרעם (vorem).
Indo-European cognates include Latin vermis (“worm”), Lithuanian var̃mas (“insect, midge”), Albanian rrime (“rainworm”), Ancient Greek ῥόμος (rhómos, “woodworm”).

шнек

something helical, especially the thread of a screw

(cricket) A graphical representation of the total runs scored across a number of overs.


top

en-noun

top (countable and uncountable, plural tops)

From Middle English top, toppe, from Old English top (“top, highest part; summit; crest; tassel, tuft; (spinning) top, ball; a tuft or ball at the highest point of anything”), from Proto-West Germanic *topp, from Proto-Germanic *tuppaz (“braid, pigtail, end”), of unknown ultimate origin.
Cognate with Scots tap (“top”), North Frisian top, tap, tup (“top”), Saterland Frisian Top (“top”), West Frisian top (“top”), Dutch top (“top, summit, peak”), Low German Topp (“top”), German Zopf (“braid, pigtail, plait, top”), Swedish topp (“top, peak, summit, tip”), Icelandic toppur (“top”).
The sense of a spinning toy is separated from this, obscurely related to Dutch top and dop in this sense, against Standard Dutch tol, and French toupie having this sense.

頂上

chōjō, ちょうじょう

suprulo

BDSM: dominant partner in a BDSM relationship or roleplay

主動 /主动

gay sexual slang: gay man who likes to penetrate in sex

one's elevator doesn't go all the way to the top

The highest or uppermost part of something.

(baseball) The first half of an inning, during which the home team fields and the visiting team bats.

(golf, cue sports, racquet sports) A stroke on the top of the ball.

What is wanted is just the reverse - i.e top or overspin, which causes the ball to revolve in the direction in which it is going.

1886, E.T.Sachs, The Boys Own Annual: Lawn-Tennis of the Present, volume 9, page 778:

(golf, cue sports, racquet sports) A forward spin given to the ball by hitting it on or near the top; topspin.


top

en-verb

top (third-person singular simple present tops, present participle topping, simple past and past participle topped)

tops (present singular third-person)
topping (participle present)
topped (participle past)
topped (past)

(golf) To strike (the ball) above the centre; also, to make (a stroke, etc.) by hitting the ball in this way.


agricultural

en-adj

agricultural (comparative more agricultural, superlative most agricultural)

more agricultural (comparative)
most agricultural (superlative)

/ˌæɡɹɪˈkʌltjʊəɹəl/

/ˌæɡɹɪˈkʌlt͡ʃəɹəl/


address

Tok Pisin: adres

→ Bole: adireshi

→ Cebuano: adres

→ Sinhalese: ඇඩ්රස් (æḍras)

→ Tagalog: adres

From Middle English adressen (“to raise erect, adorn”), from Old French adrecier (“to straighten, address”) (modern French adresser), from a- (from Latin ad (“to”)) + drecier (modern French dresser (“to straighten, arrange”)), from Vulgar Latin *dīrectiō, from Latin dīrēctus (“straight or right”), from the verb dīrigō, itself from regō (“to govern, to rule”). Cognate with Spanish aderezar (“to garnish; dress (food); to add spices”).

osoite

property — see also location, property, premises, residence

valmistautuminen

(obsolete in English) act of getting ready — see also preparation

(golf, Scotland) The act of bringing the head of the club up to the ball in preparation for swinging.

The Dictionary of the Scots Language
w:Dictionary of the Scots Language

Scottish Language Dictionaries
w:Scottish Language Dictionaries


address

en-verb

address (third-person singular simple present addresses, present participle addressing, simple past and past participle addressed or (obsolete) addrest)

addresses (present singular third-person)
addressing (participle present)
addressed (participle past)
addressed (past)
addrest (obsolete participle past)
addrest (obsolete past)

(transitive, golf, Scotland) To get ready to hit (the ball on the tee).


hurry

en-noun

hurry (countable and uncountable, plural hurries)

From Middle English horien (“to rush, impel”), probably a variation of hurren (“to vibrate rapidly, buzz”), from Proto-Germanic *hurzaną (“to rush”) (compare Middle High German hurren (“to hasten”), Norwegian hurre (“to whirl around”)), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱers- (“to run”) (compare Latin currō (“I run”), Tocharian A kursär/Tocharian B kwarsär (“league; course”)). Related to hurr, horse, rush.
Alternative etymology derives hurry as a variant of harry.

inh

At Alabama, Jedrick Wills Jr. anchored the right side of the offensive line for two years, allowing only one sack and three-and-a-half quarterback hurries on 714 snaps last season.

2020 April 24, Ken Belson, Ben Shpigel, “Full Round 1 2020 N.F.L. Picks and Analysis”, in New York Time:

(American football) an incidence of a defensive player forcing the quarterback to act faster than the quarterback was prepared to, resulting in a failed offensive play.

press

American football: incidence of a defensive player forcing the quarterback to act faster than the quarterback was prepared to


advantage

en-noun

advantage (countable and uncountable, plural advantages)

From Middle English avantage, avauntage, from Old French avantage, from avant (“before”), from Late Latin ab ante. The spelling with d was a mistake, a- being supposed to be from Latin ad (see advance). For sense development, compare foredeal.

(tennis) The score where one player wins a point after deuce but needs the next to carry the game.

avantazh

the score where one player wins a point after deuce

Webb played an advantage that enabled Cazorla to supply a low cross from the left for Giroud to sweep home first time, despite Gallas and Vertonghen being in close attendance.

2012 November 17, “Arsenal 5-2 Tottenham”, in BBC Sport:

(soccer) The continuation of the game after a foul against the attacking team, because the attacking team are in an advantageous position.


width

width (countable and uncountable, plural widths)

→ Scots: width, wyth

PIE word
 *dwóh₁
From wide + -th, possibly by analogy with Old Norse vídd (“width”), though this is unlikely, as the word is not attested before the end of the 16th century and was historically unknown in Scots and the traditional dialect of Northern England, where one would expect Old Norse influence to be the strongest (these varieties traditionally employed wideness instead). Replaced Middle English wide, wyde (“width”).

(cricket) The horizontal distance between a batsman and the ball as it passes him.


turn

en-verb

turn (third-person singular simple present turns, present participle turning, simple past and past participle turned or (obsolete) turnt)

turns (present singular third-person)
turning (participle present)
turned (participle past)
turned (past)
turnt (obsolete participle past)
turnt (obsolete past)
turn (infinitive)

From Middle English turnen, from Old English turnian, tyrnan (“to turn, rotate, revolve”) and Old French torner (“to turn”), both from Latin tornāre (“to round off, turn in a lathe”), from tornus (“lathe”), from Ancient Greek τόρνος (tórnos, “turning-lathe: a tool used for making circles”), from Proto-Indo-European *terh₁- (“to rub, rub by turning, turn, twist, bore”). Cognate with Old English þrāwan (“to turn, twist, wind”), whence English throw. Displaced native Middle English wenden from Old English wendan (see wend), and Middle English trenden from Old English trendan (see trend), among several other terms.

lyödä kierre

in cricket, make the ball move sideways when it bounces

kiertää

of a cricket ball, move sideways when it bounces

-ul

e.g. “turn yellow”: sárga → sárgul, “turn brown”: barna → barnul

(transitive, cricket) Of a bowler, to make (the ball) move sideways off the pitch when it bounces.

(intransitive, cricket) Of a ball, to move sideways off the pitch when it bounces.

Liverpool introduced Carroll for Spearing and were rewarded after 64 minutes when he put them back in contention. Stewart Downing blocked Jose Bosingwa's attempted clearance, which fell into the path of Carroll. He turned John Terry superbly before firing high past Cech.

2012 May 5, Phil McNulty, “Chelsea 2-1 Liverpool”, in BBC Sport:

(transitive, soccer) Of a player, to go past an opposition player with the ball in one's control.

peipata

soccer: go past an opposition player with the ball in one's control


turn

→ Japanese: ターン (tān)

Partly from Anglo-Norman *torn, from Latin turnus, from Ancient Greek τόρνος (tórnos), and partly an action noun from the verb turn.

պտույտ

movement about an axis ending up with the same orientation

360° turn

movement about an axis returning to the original orientation

the first turn of the screw pays all debts

(cricket) A sideways movement of the ball when it bounces (caused by rotation in flight).

(soccer) An instance of going past an opposition player with the ball in one's control.

peippaus

soccer: instance of going past an opposition player with the ball in one's control


skinny

en-adj

skinny (comparative skinnier, superlative skinniest)

skinnier (comparative)
skinniest (superlative)

From Middle English skinny (“resembling skin”), equivalent to skin + -y. The meaning associated with lack of fat or muscle possibly derives from the phrase skin and bones; the meaning associated with nudity refers to the exposed skin.

inh

(golf) Synonym of thin (“type of shot where the ball is struck by the bottom part of the club head”)


interval

From Middle English interval, intervalle, from Old French intervalle, entreval, from Latin intervallum (“space between, interval, distance, interval of time, pause, difference; literally, space between two palisades or walls”), from inter (“between”) + vallum (“palisade, wall”).

com

(cricket) Either of the two breaks, at lunch and tea, between the three sessions of a day's play


jam

en-noun

jam (countable and uncountable, plural jams)

→ Armenian: ջեմ (ǰem)

→ Azerbaijani: cem

→ Belarusian: джэм (džem)

→ Bengali: জ্যাম (jêm)

→ Bulgarian: джем (džem)

→ Cantonese: 占 (zim1, zem1)

→ Czech: džem

→ Dutch: jam

→ Estonian: džemm

→ Finnish: jamit

→ French: jam

→ Georgian: ჯემი (ǯemi)

→ Hindi: जाम (jām)

→ Japanese: ジャム (jamu)

→ Kazakh: джем (djem)

→ Korean: 잼 (jaem)

→ Kyrgyz: джем (djem)

→ Macedonian: џем (džem)

→ Malay: jem

→ Polish: dżem

→ Romanian: gem

→ Russian: джем (džem)

→ Saanich: ĆÁM

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Latin script: džȅm

Cyrillic script: џе̏м

→ Sinhalese: ජෑම් (jǣm)

→ Slovak: džem

→ Swahili: jemu

→ Swedish: jam

→ Tajik: джем (džem)

→ Thai: แยม (yɛɛm)

→ Ukrainian: джем (džem)

→ Urdu: جام (jām)

→ Welsh: jam

First attested in the early 18th c. as a verb meaning “to press, be pressed, be wedged in”. Compare dialectal jammock (“to press, squeeze, crush into a soft mass, chew food"; also "a soft, pulpy substance”). Perhaps from Middle English chammen, champen ("to bite upon something, gnash the teeth"; whence modern champ, chomp), of uncertain origin; probably originally onomatopoeic.
The "performance" sense is first attested with regards to jazz in 1929, and its origin, though uncertain, is likely metaphorical, "something sweet made by the combination of many things", with influence from jamboree.

onomatopoeic

onomatopoeic

The pitcher's in a jam now, having walked the bases loaded with the cleanup hitter coming to bat.

(countable, baseball) A difficult situation for a pitcher or defending team.

(countable, basketball) A forceful dunk.


jam

en-verb

jam (third-person singular simple present jams, present participle jamming, simple past and past participle jammed)

jams (present singular third-person)
jamming (participle present)
jammed (participle past)
jammed (past)

onomatopoeic

onomatopoeic

Jones was jammed by the pitch.

(baseball) To throw a pitch at or near the batter's hands.

syöttää käsiä päin

baseball: to throw a pitch at or near the batter's hands


treble

PIE word
 *tréyes
From Middle English treble, from Old French treble, from Latin triplus. Doublet of triple.

(sports) Three goals, victories, awards etc. in a given match or season.

(soccer) A win in the top league, top national cup and top continental cup in the same season.


barn

From Middle English barn, bern, bærn, from Old English bearn, bern, contracted forms of Old English berern, bereærn (“barn, granary”), compound of bere (“barley”) and ærn, ræn (“dwelling, barn”), from Proto-West Germanic *raʀn, from Proto-Germanic *razną (compare Old Norse rann), from pre-Germanic *h₁rh̥₁-s-nó-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁erh₁- (“to rest”).
More at rest and barley.
For the use as a unit of surface area, see w:Barn (unit) § Etymology.

der

close the barn door after the horse has bolted

not be able to hit the broad side of a barn

Maple Leaf Gardens was a grand old barn.

(informal, basketball, ice hockey) An arena.


spot

→ Catalan: espot

From Middle English spot, spotte, partially from Middle Dutch spotte (“spot, speck”), and partially merging with Middle English splot, from Old English splott (“spot, plot of land”), from Proto-West Germanic *splott, from Proto-Germanic *spluttaz (“segment”), from Proto-Indo-European *splt-no- (“an off-split, segment”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pel- (“to split”). Cognate with North Frisian spot (“speck, piece of ground”), Low German spot (“speck”), Old Norse spotti (“small piece”). See also splot, splotch.

cog

The Gunners dominated for long periods but, against the run of play, Denilson fouled Max Gradel and Robert Snodgrass put Leeds ahead from the spot.

2011 January 8, Chris Bevan, “Arsenal 1 - 1 Leeds”, in BBC:


pepper

en-noun

pepper (countable and uncountable, plural peppers)

Tok Pisin: pepa

→ Hawaiian: pepa

→ Marshallese: pepa

From Middle English peper, piper, from Old English piper, from Proto-West Germanic *pipar, from Latin piper, from an Indo-Aryan source; compare Sanskrit पिप्पलि (pippali, “long pepper”). The name was given to the capsicum fruit because of its unusual spicy taste, not unlike the Old World spice. Cognate with Scots pepar, Saterland Frisian Pieper, West Frisian piper, Dutch peper, German Low German Peper, German Pfeffer, Danish peber, Swedish peppar, Icelandic pipar. Doublet of falafel and peepul.

cog

Some ballparks have signs saying "No pepper games".

(baseball) A game used by baseball players to warm up where fielders standing close to a batter rapidly return the batted ball to be hit again


out

From Middle English out, oute, from a combination of Old English ūt (“out”, preposition & adverb), from Proto-West Germanic *ūt, from Proto-Germanic *ūt (“out”); and Old English ūte (“outside; without”, adverb), from Proto-Germanic *ūtai (“out; outside”); both from Proto-Indo-European *úd (“upwards, away”).
Cognate with Scots oot, out (“out”), Saterland Frisian uut, uute (“out”), West Frisian út (“out”), Dutch uit (“out”), German Low German ut (“out”), German aus (“out”), Norwegian/Swedish ut, ute (“out; outside”), Danish ud, ude (“out; outside”).

inh

There are numerous individual phrasal verbs

Wilson was bowled out for five runs.

First ball hit me on the 'and, second 'ad me on the knee, the third was in my eye, the fourth bowled me out.

1876, The School newspaper Vol. [2 issues of vols. 31 and 32]., page 66:

Hayes batted for Reed and grounded out, Murray unassisted.

1984, Official Baseball Guide, page 211:

So, first guy, Larry strikes him out, good fastball in on his hands.

2007, Philip R. Craig, William G. Tapply, Third Strike: A Brady Coyne/J. W. Jackson Mystery, page 27:

The striking batter is bowled out when the wicket is broken with the bowler's delivery. A batter is bowled out whether or not the ball is touched or deflected into the stumps by the batter.

2010, Mark Butcher, Paul Abraham, Learn to Play Cricket: Teach Yourself, page A-65:

(cricket, baseball) Of a player, so as to be disqualified from playing further by some action of a member of the opposing team (such as being stumped in cricket).


out

→ Greek: άουτ (áout)

→ Japanese: アウト (auto)

→ Korean: 아웃 (aut)

→ Spanish: out

The first time I saw Amity we were in front of her house playing work-up, a baseball variation where you move from position to position by outs until you get to bat.

2014, Tom Bentley, Flowering: And Other Stories:

(baseball) A state in which a member of the batting team is removed from play due to the application of various rules of the game such as striking out, hitting a fly ball which is caught by the fielding team before bouncing, etc.

(cricket) A dismissal; a state in which a member of the batting team finishes his turn at bat, due to the application of various rules of the game, such as the bowler knocking over the batsman's wicket with the ball.


goalkeeper

Krohn-Dehli took advantage of a lucky bounce of the ball after a battling run on the left flank by Simon Poulsen, dummied two defenders and shot low through goalkeeper Maarten Stekelenburg's legs after 24 minutes.

2012 June 9, Owen Phillips, “Euro 2012: Netherlands 0-1 Denmark”, in BBC Sport:

Handball is a team sport in which two teams of seven players each (six outcourt players and a goalkeeper) pass a ball using their hands with the aim of throwing it into the goal of the other team.

2018, Ace Banking And Static Awareness, page 273:

(sports) A designated player that attempts to prevent the opposing team from scoring by protecting a goal.

guardameta

journalistic and sports commentators usage


up

down

antonym(s) of “away from the centre of the Earth”

down

antonym(s) of “towards the principal terminus”

From Middle English up, from Old English upp, from Proto-Germanic *upp, see more there.

The bowler pitched the ball up.

(cricket) Relatively close to the batsman.


rubber

en-noun

rubber (usually uncountable, plural rubbers)

desc

→ Kashubian: roberk (Canada, United State)

→ Sikaiana: lapa

From rub + -er.
The sense of the substance comes from its ability to function as an eraser, displacing earlier caoutchouc. The senses not having to do with rubbing or erasing are secondarily derived from the name of the substance.

Jones toes the rubber and then fires to the plate.

(countable, baseball) The rectangular pad on the pitcher's mound from which the pitcher must pitch.


rounders

From round + -er + -s, presumably for the circuit that batters make around the field.

(UK, Ireland) A team sport played with bat and ball with one fielding side and one batting side. It is similar to softball and baseball.


AFC

American Football Conference
w:American Football Conference

(American football) Initialism of American Football Conference.

Australian rules football
Australian rules football

Adelaide Football Club
w:Adelaide Football Club

(Australian rules football) Initialism of Adelaide Football Club.

Asian Football Confederation
w:Asian Football Confederation

(soccer) Initialism of Asian Football Confederation.

Arsenal Football Club
w:Arsenal Football Club

(soccer) Initialism of Arsenal Football Club.


AFC

en-noun

AFC (countable and uncountable, plural AFCs)

Association Football Club
w:Association Football Club

(soccer) Initialism of Association Football Club.


RF

RF (countable and uncountable, plural RFs)

(baseball) Initialism of right field or right fielder.


inning

→ Japanese: イニング (iningu)

Back-formation from innings, mistaken to be plural of the time period, not the entries of the batters/batsmen.

It is a baseball tradition to sing "Take Me Out To the Ball Game" during the seventh inning stretch.

(baseball) A period of play in which members of a visiting baseball team attempt to hit a baseball pitched by the opposing home team until three players are called out, followed by a similar attempt by members of the home baseball team against the visiting team's pitching. There are nine or more innings in a regulation baseball game.

We batted around in our half of the inning.


sacrifice

sacrifice (countable and uncountable, plural sacrifices)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *seh₂k-
Proto-Italic *sakros
Latin sacer
Latin sacrum
Proto-Italic *fakjō
Latin facio
Proto-Indo-European *-yōs
Proto-Italic *-jōs
Old Latin -ios
Latin -ius
Latin -ium
Latin sacrificiumlbor.
Old French sacrifisebor.
Middle English sacrifice
English sacrifice
From Middle English sacrifice (“act of offering a life or object to a deity; the life or object so offered; (Christianity) act of consecrating the elements in the mass”), from Anglo-Norman sacrefiz, and Old French sacrifice, sacrifise (modern French sacrifice), from Latin sacrificium (“something offered to a deity, sacrifice”), from sacrum (“sacrifice, sacrificial rite”) + faciō (“to do, to make”) + -ium (suffix forming abstract nouns). The noun sacrum is the nominalized neuter of the adjective sacer (“devoted to a deity for sacrifice; holy, sacred”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂k- (“ceremony, ritual; to make sacred”), and the verb faciō is ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (“to do; to place, put”). Related Latin formations include sacrificus (“of or pertaining to sacrifice, sacrificial”) and sacrificō (“to make a sacrifice”).
cognates
* Italian sagrifizio
* Occitan sacrifici
* Portuguese sacrificio
* Spanish sacrificio

der

(baseball) Short for sacrifice bunt or sacrifice hit (“a play in which the batter intentionally hits the ball softly with a hands-spread batting stance at the cost of an out to advance one or more runners”).


sacrifice

en-verb

sacrifice (third-person singular simple present sacrifices, present participle sacrificing, simple past and past participle sacrificed)

sacrifices (present singular third-person)
sacrificing (participle present)
sacrificed (participle past)
sacrificed (past)
sacrifice (infinitive)

From Middle English sacrificen (“to offer a sacrifice to a deity”), from sacrifice (see etymology 1) + -en (suffix forming infinitives of verbs).

flijoj

(transitive) to offer (a human being or an animal, or an object) to a deity; (transitive) to offer a human being or an animal, or an object, to a deity

(baseball) Of a batter: to advance (one or more runners on base) by batting the ball so it can be fielded, placing the batter out but with insufficient time to put the runner(s) out.

sacrificar-se

(baseball, transitive) of a batter: to advance (one or more runners on base) by batting the ball so it can be fielded; (intransitive) to bat the ball so that it can be fielded

(baseball) Of a batter: to bat the ball so that it can be fielded, placing the batter out but allowing one or more runners on base to advance.


Celtic

en-proper noun

Celtic (countable and uncountable, plural Celtics)

Borrowed from French celtique or Latin celticus. First attested in the 17th century.

(soccer) Celtic F.C., a football club from Glasgow, Scotland.


driving

en-noun

driving (countable and uncountable, plural drivings)

From Middle English driving, drivinge, equivalent to drive + -ing. Compare Dutch drijving, German Treibung.

Heigh-ho! Sing heigh-ho! my Golf is most shocking; My driving is topping, my caddie's still mocking.

1899, L.P., “Blow, Blow, Thou Winter Wind”, in Golf Illustrated, volume 2, page 233:

Ever since I started talking to myself with this new attitude toward my driving and my performance on the first tee and the first few holes, I have experienced consistently better performance with my driver.

2003, Daniel Stewart Acuff, Golf Talk, page 57:

There is no such being as a golfer uninterested in his driving.

2012, Jeff Silverman, Classic Golf Stories: 26 Incredible Tales from the Links:

(golf) The act of driving the ball; hitting the ball a long distance, especially from the tee to the putting green.


softball

pl-noun

softball m inan (related adjective softballowy)

softballowy (adjective)
softball (nominative singular)
softballa (genitive singular)
softballu (genitive singular)
softballowi (dative singular)
softballa (accusative singular)
softballu (accusative singular)
softballem (instrumental singular)
softballu (locative singular)
softballu (singular vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English softball.

ubor

softball (game similar to baseball but played with a larger and softer ball which can be thrown overhand or underhand)


centurion

Borrowed from Latin centuriō, centuriōnis, from centum (“a hundred”).

(cricket) A player who scores a century.


outside

en-adj

outside (comparative more outside, superlative most outside)

more outside (comparative)
most outside (superlative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Nattes à chat-outside.wav

արտաքին

pertaining to the outer surface or boundary

The first pitch is ... just a bit outside.

(baseball, of a pitch) Away (far) from the batter as it crosses home plate.


chip

→ Catalan: xip

→ Greek: τσιπ (tsip)

→ Italian: chip

→ Korean: 칩 (chip)

desc

→ Hebrew: צִ׳יפְּס, צִ׳יפּ

→ Hebrew: צִ׳יפְּס, צִ׳יפּ (chips, chip)

→ Hungarian: csip, csipsz

→ Turkish: cips, çip

→ Yiddish: טשיפּל (tshipl)

→ Welsh: tsip

Noun from Middle English chip, chippe, from Old English ċipp (“chip; small piece of wood, shaving”), from Old English *ċippian (“to cut; hew”) – attested in Old English forċippian (“to cut off”) –, from Proto-West Germanic *kippōn (“to cut; carve; hack; chop”), from Proto-Germanic *kippōną (“to chip, chop”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵeyb- (“to split; divide; germinate; sprout”). Related to Dutch kip, keep (“notch; nick; score”), Dutch kippen (“to hatch”), German Low German kippen (“to cut; clip; trim; shorten”), German kipfen (“to chop off the tip; snip”), Old Swedish kippa (“to chop”). Compare also chop.
The formally similar Old English ċipp, ċypp, ċyp (“a beam; log; stock; post”), from Proto-Germanic *kippaz (“log; beam”) (whence Old Saxon kip (“post”), Old High German kipfa, chipfa (“axle, stave”), Old Norse keppr (“cudgel, club”)) is a different, unrelated word either borrowed from Latin cippus (“stake; pale; post”) or borrowed from the same source language as the Latin.
Verb from Middle English chippen, from Old English *ċippian (“to cut; hew”) – attested in Old English forċippian (“to cut off”) – see above.

cog

(tennis) A light shot with a downward slice, usually played from close to the net.

(golf) A low shot, usually played at short range around and onto a green, intended to travel a short distance through the air and roll the remainder of the way towards the hole.


inside

From Middle English ynneside; equivalent to in- + side.
Compare German Innenseite (“inside”), Danish inderside (“inside”), Swedish insida (“inside”), Dutch binnenzijde (“inside”), German Low German Binnensied, Binnersied (“inside”), Saterland Frisian Binnersiede (“inside”).

The first pitch is ... just a bit inside.

(baseball, of a pitch) Toward the batter as it crosses home plate.


muuri

muuri (nominative singular)
muurit (nominative plural)
muuri (accusative nominative singular)
muurit (accusative nominative plural)
muurin (accusative genitive singular)
muurit (accusative genitive plural)
muurin (genitive singular)
muurien (genitive plural)
muuria (partitive singular)
muureja (partitive plural)
muurissa (inessive singular)
muureissa (inessive plural)
muurista (elative singular)
muureista (elative plural)
muuriin (illative singular)
muureihin (illative plural)
muurilla (adessive singular)
muureilla (adessive plural)
muurilta (ablative singular)
muureilta (ablative plural)
muurille (allative singular)
muureille (allative plural)
muurina (essive singular)
muureina (essive plural)
muuriksi (singular translative)
muureiksi (plural translative)
muuritta (abessive singular)
muureitta (abessive plural)
muurein (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
muurini (nominative singular)
muurini (nominative plural)
muurini (accusative nominative singular)
muurini (accusative nominative plural)
muurini (accusative genitive singular)
muurini (accusative genitive plural)
muurini (genitive singular)
muurieni (genitive plural)
muuriani (partitive singular)
muurejani (partitive plural)
muurissani (inessive singular)
muureissani (inessive plural)
muuristani (elative singular)
muureistani (elative plural)
muuriini (illative singular)
muureihini (illative plural)
muurillani (adessive singular)
muureillani (adessive plural)
muuriltani (ablative singular)
muureiltani (ablative plural)
muurilleni (allative singular)
muureilleni (allative plural)
muurinani (essive singular)
muureinani (essive plural)
muurikseni (singular translative)
muureikseni (plural translative)
muurittani (abessive singular)
muureittani (abessive plural)
muureineni (comitative plural)
muurisi (nominative singular)
muurisi (nominative plural)
muurisi (accusative nominative singular)
muurisi (accusative nominative plural)
muurisi (accusative genitive singular)
muurisi (accusative genitive plural)
muurisi (genitive singular)
muuriesi (genitive plural)
muuriasi (partitive singular)
muurejasi (partitive plural)
muurissasi (inessive singular)
muureissasi (inessive plural)
muuristasi (elative singular)
muureistasi (elative plural)
muuriisi (illative singular)
muureihisi (illative plural)
muurillasi (adessive singular)
muureillasi (adessive plural)
muuriltasi (ablative singular)
muureiltasi (ablative plural)
muurillesi (allative singular)
muureillesi (allative plural)
muurinasi (essive singular)
muureinasi (essive plural)
muuriksesi (singular translative)
muureiksesi (plural translative)
muurittasi (abessive singular)
muureittasi (abessive plural)
muureinesi (comitative plural)
muurimme (nominative singular)
muurimme (nominative plural)
muurimme (accusative nominative singular)
muurimme (accusative nominative plural)
muurimme (accusative genitive singular)
muurimme (accusative genitive plural)
muurimme (genitive singular)
muuriemme (genitive plural)
muuriamme (partitive singular)
muurejamme (partitive plural)
muurissamme (inessive singular)
muureissamme (inessive plural)
muuristamme (elative singular)
muureistamme (elative plural)
muuriimme (illative singular)
muureihimme (illative plural)
muurillamme (adessive singular)
muureillamme (adessive plural)
muuriltamme (ablative singular)
muureiltamme (ablative plural)
muurillemme (allative singular)
muureillemme (allative plural)
muurinamme (essive singular)
muureinamme (essive plural)
muuriksemme (singular translative)
muureiksemme (plural translative)
muurittamme (abessive singular)
muureittamme (abessive plural)
muureinemme (comitative plural)
muurinne (nominative singular)
muurinne (nominative plural)
muurinne (accusative nominative singular)
muurinne (accusative nominative plural)
muurinne (accusative genitive singular)
muurinne (accusative genitive plural)
muurinne (genitive singular)
muurienne (genitive plural)
muurianne (partitive singular)
muurejanne (partitive plural)
muurissanne (inessive singular)
muureissanne (inessive plural)
muuristanne (elative singular)
muureistanne (elative plural)
muuriinne (illative singular)
muureihinne (illative plural)
muurillanne (adessive singular)
muureillanne (adessive plural)
muuriltanne (ablative singular)
muureiltanne (ablative plural)
muurillenne (allative singular)
muureillenne (allative plural)
muurinanne (essive singular)
muureinanne (essive plural)
muuriksenne (singular translative)
muureiksenne (plural translative)
muurittanne (abessive singular)
muureittanne (abessive plural)
muureinenne (comitative plural)
muurinsa (nominative singular)
muurinsa (nominative plural)
muurinsa (accusative nominative singular)
muurinsa (accusative nominative plural)
muurinsa (accusative genitive singular)
muurinsa (accusative genitive plural)
muurinsa (genitive singular)
muuriensa (genitive plural)
muuriaan (partitive singular)
muuriansa (partitive singular)
muurejaan (partitive plural)
muurejansa (partitive plural)
muurissaan (inessive singular)
muurissansa (inessive singular)
muureissaan (inessive plural)
muureissansa (inessive plural)
muuristaan (elative singular)
muuristansa (elative singular)
muureistaan (elative plural)
muureistansa (elative plural)
muuriinsa (illative singular)
muureihinsa (illative plural)
muurillaan (adessive singular)
muurillansa (adessive singular)
muureillaan (adessive plural)
muureillansa (adessive plural)
muuriltaan (ablative singular)
muuriltansa (ablative singular)
muureiltaan (ablative plural)
muureiltansa (ablative plural)
muurilleen (allative singular)
muurillensa (allative singular)
muureilleen (allative plural)
muureillensa (allative plural)
muurinaan (essive singular)
muurinansa (essive singular)
muureinaan (essive plural)
muureinansa (essive plural)
muurikseen (singular translative)
muuriksensa (singular translative)
muureikseen (plural translative)
muureiksensa (plural translative)
muurittaan (abessive singular)
muurittansa (abessive singular)
muureittaan (abessive plural)
muureittansa (abessive plural)
muureineen (comitative plural)
muureinensa (comitative plural)

Borrowed from Swedish mur (compare German Mauer), ultimately from Latin murus.


walk

en-verb

walk (third-person singular simple present walks, present participle walking, simple past and past participle walked)

walks (present singular third-person)
walking (participle present)
walked (participle past)
walked (past)
walk (infinitive)

Chinese Pidgin English: walkee

From Middle English walken (“to move, walk, roll, turn, revolve, toss”), a conflation of Old English wealcan (“to move round, revolve, roll, turn, toss”) (ġewealcan (“to go, traverse”)) and Old English wealcian (“to curl, roll up”); both from Proto-West Germanic *walkan, from Proto-Germanic *walkaną, *walkōną (“to twist, turn, roll about, full”), from Proto-Indo-European *walg- (“to twist, turn, move”).
Cognate with Scots walk (“to walk”), Saterland Frisian walkje (“to full; drum; flex; mill”), West Frisian swalkje (“to wander, roam”), Dutch walken (“to full, work hair or felt”), Dutch zwalken (“to wander about”), German walken (“to flex, full, mill, drum”), Danish valke (“to waulk, full”), Latin valgus (“bandy-legged, bow-legged”), Sanskrit वल्गति (válgati, “amble, bound, leap, dance”). More at vagrant and whelk. Doublet of waulk.

cog

(intransitive, cricket, of a batsman) To walk off the field, as if given out, after the fielding side appeals and before the umpire has ruled; done as a matter of sportsmanship when the batsman believes he is out.

(transitive, baseball) To allow a batter to reach base by pitching four balls.

aya

baseball: to allow to advance after four balls

(intransitive, baseball, of a batter) To reach base by being pitched four balls.


walk

From Middle English walk, walke, walc, from Old English *wealc (as in Old English wealcspinl) and ġewealc (“a rolling motion, attack”), from Proto-Germanic *walką. Cognate with Icelandic válk (“a rolling around, a tossing to and fro, trouble, distress”).

The pitcher now has two walks in this inning alone.

(baseball) An award of first base to a batter following four balls being thrown by the pitcher; known in the rules as a "base on balls".


pennant

From Middle English penon, penoun, pynoun, Old French penon, French pennon, from Latin penna (“feather”). See pen (“a feather”), and compare pennon, pinion.

вимпел

flag on ship to represent special condition

A sandstone between coal measures in parts of South Wales


rauta

rauta (nominative singular)
raudat (nominative plural)
rauta (accusative nominative singular)
raudat (accusative nominative plural)
raudan (accusative genitive singular)
raudat (accusative genitive plural)
raudan (genitive singular)
rautojen (genitive plural)
rautain (genitive plural rare)
rautaa (partitive singular)
rautoja (partitive plural)
raudassa (inessive singular)
raudoissa (inessive plural)
raudasta (elative singular)
raudoista (elative plural)
rautaan (illative singular)
rautoihin (illative plural)
raudalla (adessive singular)
raudoilla (adessive plural)
raudalta (ablative singular)
raudoilta (ablative plural)
raudalle (allative singular)
raudoille (allative plural)
rautana (essive singular)
rautoina (essive plural)
raudaksi (singular translative)
raudoiksi (plural translative)
raudatta (abessive singular)
raudoitta (abessive plural)
raudoin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
rautani (nominative singular)
rautani (nominative plural)
rautani (accusative nominative singular)
rautani (accusative nominative plural)
rautani (accusative genitive singular)
rautani (accusative genitive plural)
rautani (genitive singular)
rautojeni (genitive plural)
rautaini (genitive plural rare)
rautaani (partitive singular)
rautojani (partitive plural)
raudassani (inessive singular)
raudoissani (inessive plural)
raudastani (elative singular)
raudoistani (elative plural)
rautaani (illative singular)
rautoihini (illative plural)
raudallani (adessive singular)
raudoillani (adessive plural)
raudaltani (ablative singular)
raudoiltani (ablative plural)
raudalleni (allative singular)
raudoilleni (allative plural)
rautanani (essive singular)
rautoinani (essive plural)
raudakseni (singular translative)
raudoikseni (plural translative)
raudattani (abessive singular)
raudoittani (abessive plural)
rautoineni (comitative plural)
rautasi (nominative singular)
rautasi (nominative plural)
rautasi (accusative nominative singular)
rautasi (accusative nominative plural)
rautasi (accusative genitive singular)
rautasi (accusative genitive plural)
rautasi (genitive singular)
rautojesi (genitive plural)
rautaisi (genitive plural rare)
rautaasi (partitive singular)
rautojasi (partitive plural)
raudassasi (inessive singular)
raudoissasi (inessive plural)
raudastasi (elative singular)
raudoistasi (elative plural)
rautaasi (illative singular)
rautoihisi (illative plural)
raudallasi (adessive singular)
raudoillasi (adessive plural)
raudaltasi (ablative singular)
raudoiltasi (ablative plural)
raudallesi (allative singular)
raudoillesi (allative plural)
rautanasi (essive singular)
rautoinasi (essive plural)
raudaksesi (singular translative)
raudoiksesi (plural translative)
raudattasi (abessive singular)
raudoittasi (abessive plural)
rautoinesi (comitative plural)
rautamme (nominative singular)
rautamme (nominative plural)
rautamme (accusative nominative singular)
rautamme (accusative nominative plural)
rautamme (accusative genitive singular)
rautamme (accusative genitive plural)
rautamme (genitive singular)
rautojemme (genitive plural)
rautaimme (genitive plural rare)
rautaamme (partitive singular)
rautojamme (partitive plural)
raudassamme (inessive singular)
raudoissamme (inessive plural)
raudastamme (elative singular)
raudoistamme (elative plural)
rautaamme (illative singular)
rautoihimme (illative plural)
raudallamme (adessive singular)
raudoillamme (adessive plural)
raudaltamme (ablative singular)
raudoiltamme (ablative plural)
raudallemme (allative singular)
raudoillemme (allative plural)
rautanamme (essive singular)
rautoinamme (essive plural)
raudaksemme (singular translative)
raudoiksemme (plural translative)
raudattamme (abessive singular)
raudoittamme (abessive plural)
rautoinemme (comitative plural)
rautanne (nominative singular)
rautanne (nominative plural)
rautanne (accusative nominative singular)
rautanne (accusative nominative plural)
rautanne (accusative genitive singular)
rautanne (accusative genitive plural)
rautanne (genitive singular)
rautojenne (genitive plural)
rautainne (genitive plural rare)
rautaanne (partitive singular)
rautojanne (partitive plural)
raudassanne (inessive singular)
raudoissanne (inessive plural)
raudastanne (elative singular)
raudoistanne (elative plural)
rautaanne (illative singular)
rautoihinne (illative plural)
raudallanne (adessive singular)
raudoillanne (adessive plural)
raudaltanne (ablative singular)
raudoiltanne (ablative plural)
raudallenne (allative singular)
raudoillenne (allative plural)
rautananne (essive singular)
rautoinanne (essive plural)
raudaksenne (singular translative)
raudoiksenne (plural translative)
raudattanne (abessive singular)
raudoittanne (abessive plural)
rautoinenne (comitative plural)
rautansa (nominative singular)
rautansa (nominative plural)
rautansa (accusative nominative singular)
rautansa (accusative nominative plural)
rautansa (accusative genitive singular)
rautansa (accusative genitive plural)
rautansa (genitive singular)
rautojensa (genitive plural)
rautainsa (genitive plural rare)
rautaansa (partitive singular)
rautojaan (partitive plural)
rautojansa (partitive plural)
raudassaan (inessive singular)
raudassansa (inessive singular)
raudoissaan (inessive plural)
raudoissansa (inessive plural)
raudastaan (elative singular)
raudastansa (elative singular)
raudoistaan (elative plural)
raudoistansa (elative plural)
rautaansa (illative singular)
rautoihinsa (illative plural)
raudallaan (adessive singular)
raudallansa (adessive singular)
raudoillaan (adessive plural)
raudoillansa (adessive plural)
raudaltaan (ablative singular)
raudaltansa (ablative singular)
raudoiltaan (ablative plural)
raudoiltansa (ablative plural)
raudalleen (allative singular)
raudallensa (allative singular)
raudoilleen (allative plural)
raudoillensa (allative plural)
rautanaan (essive singular)
rautanansa (essive singular)
rautoinaan (essive plural)
rautoinansa (essive plural)
raudakseen (singular translative)
raudaksensa (singular translative)
raudoikseen (plural translative)
raudoiksensa (plural translative)
raudattaan (abessive singular)
raudattansa (abessive singular)
raudoittaan (abessive plural)
raudoittansa (abessive plural)
rautoineen (comitative plural)
rautoinensa (comitative plural)

[ˈrɑ̝u̯t̪ɑ̝]

From Proto-Finnic *rauta, borrowed from either Proto-Germanic *raudą (compare Old Norse rauði (“hematite”)) or Proto-Balto-Slavic [Term?] (compare Latvian rūda (“ore”)), but in either case ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”).


drain

en-verb

drain (third-person singular simple present drains, present participle draining, simple past and past participle drained)

drains (present singular third-person)
draining (participle present)
drained (participle past)
drained (past)

→ French: drainer (see there for further descendants)

From Middle English dreinen, from Old English drēahnian (“to drain, strain, filter”), from Proto-Germanic *drauhnōną (“to strain, sieve”), from Proto-Germanic *draugiz (“dry, parched”). Akin to Old English drūgian (“to dry up”), Old English drūgaþ (“dryness, drought”), Old English drȳġe (“dry”). More at dry.

der

(transitive, basketball, slang) To make a shot.


baseball

It was not very wonderful that Catherine, who had nothing heroic about her, should prefer cricket, base-ball, riding on horseback, and running about the country at the age of fourteen, to books.

1803 (date written), [Jane Austen], Northanger Abbey; published in Northanger Abbey: And Persuasion. […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: John Murray, […], 20 December 1817 (indicated as 1818), →OCLC:

“Your father was the best baseball player anyone had ever seen.” Excited but halting, her voice ran on past all obstacles. “We watched him play shortstop, and my father said he was the best, and my brothers too. The Cardinals sent a man down to talk to him about one of their teams.” Like an ancient marineress, she would not let go. She meant the St. Louis Cardinals’ farm teams.

2016, Mike Westphal, Cloud of Expectation; Book One: The In America Series, Xlibris, →ISBN:

A sport common in North America, the Caribbean, and Japan, in which the object is to strike a ball so that one of a nine-person team can run counter-clockwise among four bases, resulting in the scoring of a run. The team with the most runs after termination of play, usually nine innings, wins.


baseball

baseball (nominative singular)
baseballe (nominative plural)
baseballa (genitive singular)
baseballu (genitive singular)
baseballi (genitive plural)
baseballów (genitive plural)
baseballowi (dative singular)
baseballom (dative plural)
baseballa (accusative singular)
baseballu (accusative singular)
baseballe (accusative plural)
baseballem (instrumental singular)
baseballami (instrumental plural)
baseballu (locative singular)
baseballach (locative plural)
baseballu (singular vocative)
baseballe (plural vocative)

Unadapted borrowing from English baseball.

ubor

(sports, uncountable) baseball (ball game)


edge

From Middle English egge, from Old English eċġ, from Proto-West Germanic *aggju, from Proto-Germanic *agjō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- (“sharp”).
See also Dutch egge, German Ecke, Swedish egg, Norwegian egg; also Welsh hogi (“to sharpen, hone”), Latin aciēs (“sharp”), acus (“needle”), Latvian ašs, ass (“sharp”), Ancient Greek ἀκίς (akís, “needle”), ἀκμή (akmḗ, “point”), and Persian آس (âs, “grinding stone”)).

2004 March 29, R. Bharat Rao Short report: Ind-Pak T1D2 Session 1 in rec.sports.cricket, Usenet
Finally another edge for 4, this time dropped by the keeper

(cricket) A shot where the ball comes off the edge of the bat, often unintentionally.


edge

en-verb

edge (third-person singular simple present edges, present participle edging, simple past and past participle edged)

edges (present singular third-person)
edging (participle present)
edged (participle past)
edged (past)

(cricket, transitive) To hit the ball with an edge of the bat, causing a fine deflection.


trigon

la-noun

trigōn m (genitive trigōnis); third declension

trigōn (canonical masculine)
trigōnis (genitive)
trigōn (nominative singular)
trigōnēs (nominative plural)
trigōnis (genitive singular)
trigōnum (genitive plural)
trigōnī (dative singular)
trigōnibus (dative plural)
trigōnem (accusative singular)
trigōnēs (accusative plural)
trigōne (ablative singular)
trigōnibus (ablative plural)
trigōn (singular vocative)
trigōnēs (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek τρίγων (trígōn), related to τρίγωνον (trígōnon, “triangle”).

bor+

a Roman ball game involving three people standing in a triangle


manager

→ Albanian: menaxher

→ Burmese: မန်နေဂျာ (mannegya)

→ Catalan: mànager

→ Dutch: manager

→ French: manager
→ Turkish: menajer

→ German: Manager

→ Greek: μάνατζερ (mánatzer)

→ Hungarian: menedzser

→ Italian: manager

→ Japanese: マネージャー (manējā)

→ Korean: 매니저 (maenijeo)

→ Polish: menedżer

→ Romanian: manager

→ Russian: ме́неджер (ménedžer)

→ Scottish Gaelic: manaidsear

→ Spanish: mánager

→ Swahili: meneja

→ Ukrainian: ме́неджер (ménedžer)


tee

First attested in the 17th century as teaz, later reanalyzed as a plural.

(golf) A flat area of ground from which players hit their first shots on a golf hole.


tee

en-verb

tee (third-person singular simple present tees, present participle teeing, simple past and past participle teed)

tees (present singular third-person)
teeing (participle present)
teed (participle past)
teed (past)

If at any hole a competitor play his first stroke from outside the limits of the teeing-ground, he shall count that stroke, tee a ball, and play his second stroke from within these limits.


tee

tee-en (definite singular)
tee-er (indefinite plural)
tee-ene (definite plural)


tee

tee-en (definite singular)
tee-ar (indefinite plural)
tee-ane (definite plural)


tee

(golf) tee, teeing ground (area from which the first shot on a hole is hit)


expensive

en-adj

expensive (comparative more expensive, superlative most expensive)

more expensive (comparative)
most expensive (superlative)

From Latin *expēnsīvus, from expendō (“to weigh out (money), to pay out”) (whence English expend). By surface analysis, expense + -ive. In the sense of "high-priced" has largely displaced dear.


Quidditch

Coined by British author J. K. Rowling in her 1997 book Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone. In Quidditch Through the Ages, Rowling gives some etymological information, hinting that the word evolved from Queerditch (compound of queer + ditch), with some spelling variation as would be expected in real life Middle English, namely Kwidditch, Kweerditch.

Maybe you wish your parents were smarter or funnier or richer or better looking, but you might as well wish for a spot on the local Quidditch team.

2003, “Universal Lifts the Veil on a Harry Potter Park”, in New York Times:

Turn to the south, and you see the Central Acropolis, a five-story palace where the nobles might have sat to watch plaza ceremonies or the famous Quidditch-like Mayan ball games.

2007 December 16, Ethan Todras-Whitehill, “In Tikal, Temples in the Mist”, in New York Times:

Whichever team gets Yegor holds the edge. This is like Quidditch in hell.

2007, Roger Ebert, Roger Ebert's Movie Yearbook 2007:

Eton’s playing fields are famous, not least because of the Eton Field Game. It’s played only there. It’s sort of like Quidditch for real people.

2010 May 8, Brooks Barnes, “Wait, Wait... Don’t Tell Me!”, in National Public Radio:

A fictional ball game played between two teams of seven players riding flying broomsticks, using four balls and six elevated ring-shaped goals.


submarine

When Peterson saw the unusual pitching motion of Kent Tekulve—the submarine pitcher who threw baseballs as though they were coming right out of the rubber slab on the mound—he was the first of many who tried to change Tekulve's delivery.

2005, John McCollister, Tales from the 1979 Pittsburgh Pirates: Remembering "The Fam-A-Lee", →ISBN, page 109:

(baseball) Of a pitch, thrown with the hand lower than the elbow.


submarine

(baseball) A pitch delivered with an underhand motion.


appeal

en-noun

appeal (countable and uncountable, plural appeals)

From Middle English apel, appel (“formal accusation brought in court; a challenge to trial by combat; an appeal to a higher court or authority; plea (for mercy, protection, etc.); pealing (of bells)”) [and other forms], from Old French apel (“a call”) (modern French appel (“a call; an appeal”)), from apeler (“to call; to call out”), from Latin appellāre (“to address as, call by name; to drive, move to; to land or put ashore”), alternative form adpellāre, from ad- (prefix meaning ‘to; towards’) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd (“at; to”)) + pellere (“to drive, impel, push; to hurl, propel; to banish, expel; to eject, thrust out”) + -āre, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pelh₂- (“to approach”), from *pel- (“to beat; to drive; to push”). Doublet of appel.

çağırış

call to a person or an authority for a decision, help, or proof — see also entreaty

A call to a person or an authority for a decision, help, or proof; an entreaty, an invocation.

(cricket) The act, by the fielding side, of asking an umpire for a decision on whether a batsman is out or not.


appeal

en-verb

appeal (third-person singular simple present appeals, present participle appealing, simple past and past participle appealed)

appeals (present singular third-person)
appealing (participle present)
appealed (participle past)
appealed (past)

From Middle English apelen, appelen (“to accuse; to make a formal charge before a court, etc., impeach; to challenge to trial by combat; to apply to a higher court or authority for review of a decision; to call upon for a decision, favour, help, etc.; to call by a name”) [and other forms], from Old French apeler (“to call; to call out”); see further at etymology 1.

nb...

apeal, apeale, apeele, apele, appel, appele

اِسْتَأْنَفَ

(intransitive) to apply to a superior court or judge for a decision or order by an inferior court or judge to be reviewed and overturned

apelovat

to call upon a person or an authority to corroborate a statement, to decide a controverted question, or to vindicate one’s rights — see also entreat, invoke

appeal from Philip drunk to Philip sober

(intransitive) To call upon a person or an authority to corroborate a statement, to decide a controverted question, or to vindicate one's rights; to entreat, to invoke.

(intransitive, cricket) Of a fielding side; to ask an umpire for a decision on whether a batsman is out or not, usually by saying "How's that?" or "Howzat?".

appeleren

(cricket) of a fielding side: to ask an umpire for a decision on whether a batsman is out or not


hooker

Hooker Dylan Hartley was sent to the sin-bin after yet another infringement at the breakdown and, on the stroke of half-time, Georgia's territorial advantage finally told when number eight Basilaia surged over from the base of the scrum for a try next to the posts.

2011 September 18, Ben Dirs, “Rugby World Cup 2011: England 41-10 Georgia”, in BBC Sport:

(rugby) A player who hooks the ball out of the scrum with his foot.

I once saw Hassett drop England opening batsman and compulsive hooker, Cyril Washbrook, twice in succession at deep fine leg.

1990, Ashes: Battles and Bellylaughs, Byron Bay: Swan Publishing, page 32:

(cricket) A batsman or batswoman adept at or fond of playing hook shots.


step

head

step (definite accusative stepi, plural stepler)

stepi (accusative definite)
stepler (plural)
step (nominative singular)
stepler (nominative plural)
stepi (accusative definite singular)
stepleri (accusative definite plural)
stepe (dative singular)
steplere (dative plural)
stepte (locative singular)
steplerde (locative plural)
stepten (ablative singular)
steplerden (ablative plural)
stepin (genitive singular)
steplerin (genitive plural)
stepim (first-person nominative singular)
steplerim (first-person nominative singular)
stepin (nominative second-person singular)
steplerin (nominative second-person singular)
stepi (nominative singular third-person)
stepleri (nominative singular third-person)
stepimiz (first-person nominative plural)
steplerimiz (first-person nominative plural)
stepiniz (nominative plural second-person)
stepleriniz (nominative plural second-person)
stepleri (nominative plural third-person)
stepimi (accusative definite first-person singular)
steplerimi (accusative definite first-person singular)
stepini (accusative definite second-person singular)
steplerini (accusative definite second-person singular)
stepini (accusative definite singular third-person)
steplerini (accusative definite singular third-person)
stepimizi (accusative definite first-person plural)
steplerimizi (accusative definite first-person plural)
stepinizi (accusative definite plural second-person)
steplerinizi (accusative definite plural second-person)
steplerini (accusative definite plural third-person)
stepime (dative first-person singular)
steplerime (dative first-person singular)
stepine (dative second-person singular)
steplerine (dative second-person singular)
stepine (dative singular third-person)
steplerine (dative singular third-person)
stepimize (dative first-person plural)
steplerimize (dative first-person plural)
stepinize (dative plural second-person)
steplerinize (dative plural second-person)
steplerine (dative plural third-person)
stepimde (first-person locative singular)
steplerimde (first-person locative singular)
stepinde (locative second-person singular)
steplerinde (locative second-person singular)
stepinde (locative singular third-person)
steplerinde (locative singular third-person)
stepimizde (first-person locative plural)
steplerimizde (first-person locative plural)
stepinizde (locative plural second-person)
steplerinizde (locative plural second-person)
steplerinde (locative plural third-person)
stepimden (ablative first-person singular)
steplerimden (ablative first-person singular)
stepinden (ablative second-person singular)
steplerinden (ablative second-person singular)
stepinden (ablative singular third-person)
steplerinden (ablative singular third-person)
stepimizden (ablative first-person plural)
steplerimizden (ablative first-person plural)
stepinizden (ablative plural second-person)
steplerinizden (ablative plural second-person)
steplerinden (ablative plural third-person)
stepimin (first-person genitive singular)
steplerimin (first-person genitive singular)
stepinin (genitive second-person singular)
steplerinin (genitive second-person singular)
stepinin (genitive singular third-person)
steplerinin (genitive singular third-person)
stepimizin (first-person genitive plural)
steplerimizin (first-person genitive plural)
stepinizin (genitive plural second-person)
steplerinizin (genitive plural second-person)
steplerinin (genitive plural third-person)
stepim (first-person singular)
steplerim (first-person singular)
stepsin (second-person singular)
steplersin (second-person singular)
step (singular third-person)
steptir (singular third-person)
stepler (singular third-person)
steplerdir (singular third-person)
stepiz (first-person plural)
stepleriz (first-person plural)
stepsiniz (plural second-person)
steplersiniz (plural second-person)
stepler (plural third-person)
steplerdir (plural third-person)

(basketball) traveling (basketball rule violation)


home plate

→ Japanese: ホームベース (hōmu bēsu)

(baseball) A flat, pentagonal, rubber object placed at the center of the batter's box, which is used as a basis for judging pitched strikes and balls, and the touching of which by a runner advancing from or past third base scores a run.


centre

Borrowed from Latin centrum, from Ancient Greek κέντρον (kéntron, “sharp point”).

der

(soccer) cross, specifically one directed into the penalty area


zur

zur (absolutive indefinite)
zura (absolutive indefinite singular)
zurak (absolutive indefinite plural)
zurek (ergative indefinite)
zurak (ergative indefinite singular)
zurek (ergative indefinite plural)
zuri (dative indefinite)
zurari (dative indefinite singular)
zurei (dative indefinite plural)
zuren (genitive indefinite)
zuraren (genitive indefinite singular)
zuren (genitive indefinite plural)
zurekin (comitative indefinite)
zurarekin (comitative indefinite singular)
zurekin (comitative indefinite plural)
zurengatik (causative indefinite)
zurarengatik (causative indefinite singular)
zurengatik (causative indefinite plural)
zurentzat (benefactive indefinite)
zurarentzat (benefactive indefinite singular)
zurentzat (benefactive indefinite plural)
zurez (indefinite instrumental)
zuraz (indefinite instrumental singular)
zurez (indefinite instrumental plural)
zuretan (indefinite inessive)
zurean (indefinite inessive singular)
zuretan (indefinite inessive plural)
zuretako (indefinite locative)
zureko (indefinite locative singular)
zuretako (indefinite locative plural)
zuretara (allative indefinite)
zurera (allative indefinite singular)
zuretara (allative indefinite plural)
zuretaraino (indefinite terminative)
zureraino (indefinite singular terminative)
zuretaraino (indefinite plural terminative)
zuretarantz (directive indefinite)
zurerantz (directive indefinite singular)
zuretarantz (directive indefinite plural)
zuretarako (destinative indefinite)
zurerako (destinative indefinite singular)
zuretarako (destinative indefinite plural)
zuretatik (ablative indefinite)
zuretik (ablative indefinite singular)
zuretatik (ablative indefinite plural)
zurik (indefinite partitive)
zurtzat (indefinite prolative)


shepherd

en-verb

shepherd (third-person singular simple present shepherds, present participle shepherding, simple past and past participle shepherded)

shepherds (present singular third-person)
shepherding (participle present)
shepherded (participle past)
shepherded (past)

From Middle English schepherde, from Old English sċēaphierde, a compound of sċēap (“sheep”) and hierde (“herdsman”), equivalent to modern sheep + herd (“herder”).

(transitive, Australian rules football) To obstruct an opponent from getting to the ball, either when a teammate has it or is going for it, or if the ball is about to bounce through the goal or out of bounds.


combine

PIE word
 *dwóh₁
From Middle French combiner, from Late Latin combīnāre (“unite, yoke together”), from Latin con- (“together”) + bīnī (“two by two”).

der

If you purchased this book chances are that you are planning on participating in a football combine or pro-day test.

2008, Scott Shetler, Optimal Performance Techniques for the Football Combine, page 5:

In 2008, a study was published that examined the ability of the NFL combine to predict football playing performance in the NFL (Kuzmits and Adams, 2008).

2020, Jay R. Hoffman, The Science of American Football:

At the combine, Reagor compared himself to the 49ers’ Deebo Samuel or Chiefs’ Tyreek Hill — whom he said he watched “every day”

2020 April 24, Ken Belson, Ben Shpigel, “Full Round 1 2020 N.F.L. Picks and Analysis”, in New York Time:

(American football) A Test match in which applicants play in the hope of earning a position on a professional football team.


Yankee

First attested in 1683, as a name applied disparagingly by Dutch settlers in Nieuw Amsterdam (New York) to English colonists in neighboring Connecticut. It may be from Dutch Janke (“Little John”), the old diminutive form of the common personal name Jan, or it may be from Jan Kees, the familiar form of "Johan Cornelius", or a variant of Jan Kaas, literally "John Cheese", the generic nickname the Flemings used for Dutchmen. It originally seems to have been applied insultingly to the Dutch, especially freebooters, before they turned around and applied it to the English. In English it was a term of contempt (1750s) before it came to be used as a general term for "a native of New England" (1765). The shortened form Yank was first recorded in reference to "an American" in 1778. James Fenimore Cooper suggested that it was a corruption of "English" via the intermediate form "Yengeese."

(baseball) A player for the New York Yankees.

洋基

(baseball) player that plays for the New York Yankees


tattoo

en-verb

tattoo (third-person singular simple present tattoos, present participle tattooing, simple past and past participle tattooed)

tattoos (present singular third-person)
tattooing (participle present)
tattooed (participle past)
tattooed (past)

From earlier tattaow, tattow, a borrowing from a Polynesian language, e.g. Samoan tatau (“tattoo; to tap, to strike”).

cog

Jones tattoos one into the gap in left; that will clear the bases.

(baseball) To hit the ball hard, as if to figuratively leave a tattoo on the ball.


runner

From Middle English rennere, rynner, urnare, equivalent to run + -er. Cognate with Old Norse rennari (“runner; messenger”). Displaced earlier Middle English runel (“runner”), from Old English rynel (“runner”; also “messenger, courier”).

махови́к

mechanical part intended to guide or aid something else to move

(cricket) A player who runs for a batsman who is too injured to run; he is dressed exactly as the injured batsman, and carries a bat.

The runner was out at second.

Agent noun of run; one who runs.
(baseball, softball) A baserunner.

Agent noun of run; one who runs.
A baserunner.

(Australian rules football) A person (from one or the other team) who runs out onto the field during the game to take verbal instructions from the coach to the players. A runner mustn't interfere with play, and may have to wear an identifying shirt to make clear his or her purpose on the field.


prop

From Middle English proppe (“a prop, support, support for a vine or plant”), from Middle Dutch proppe (“support, support for a vine, stopper for a bottle”). Compare Middle Low German proppe (“plug, stopper”), German Pfropfen (“plug”), Danish prop (“plug, stopper”).

cog

(rugby) The player on either side of the hooker in a scrum.

stut

rugby: player next to the hooker in a scrum


panna

nl-noun

panna m (plural panna's, diminutive pannaatje n)

panna's (plural)
pannaatje (diminutive neuter)

Unknown. Sometimes said to be from a Sranan Tongo word meaning “little gate”, though this does not seem recorded in any dictionaries of Sranan Tongo and the Sranan Tongo standard spelling of the term is never given.

(soccer) a nutmeg, a tunnel (act of passing a ball between an opponent's legs while retaining control)


väärä

fi-adj

väärä (comparative väärempi, superlative väärin)

väärempi (comparative)
väärin (superlative)
väärä (nominative singular)
väärät (nominative plural)
väärä (accusative nominative singular)
väärät (accusative nominative plural)
väärän (accusative genitive singular)
väärät (accusative genitive plural)
väärän (genitive singular)
väärien (genitive plural)
vääräin (genitive plural rare)
väärää (partitive singular)
vääriä (partitive plural)
väärässä (inessive singular)
väärissä (inessive plural)
väärästä (elative singular)
vääristä (elative plural)
väärään (illative singular)
vääriin (illative plural)
väärällä (adessive singular)
väärillä (adessive plural)
väärältä (ablative singular)
vääriltä (ablative plural)
väärälle (allative singular)
väärille (allative plural)
vääränä (essive singular)
väärinä (essive plural)
vääräksi (singular translative)
vääriksi (plural translative)
väärättä (abessive singular)
väärittä (abessive plural)
väärin (instructive plural)
väärine (comitative plural)
vääräni (nominative singular)
vääräni (nominative plural)
vääräni (accusative nominative singular)
vääräni (accusative nominative plural)
vääräni (accusative genitive singular)
vääräni (accusative genitive plural)
vääräni (genitive singular)
väärieni (genitive plural)
vääräini (genitive plural rare)
väärääni (partitive singular)
vääriäni (partitive plural)
väärässäni (inessive singular)
väärissäni (inessive plural)
väärästäni (elative singular)
vääristäni (elative plural)
väärääni (illative singular)
vääriini (illative plural)
väärälläni (adessive singular)
väärilläni (adessive plural)
väärältäni (ablative singular)
vääriltäni (ablative plural)
väärälleni (allative singular)
väärilleni (allative plural)
vääränäni (essive singular)
väärinäni (essive plural)
vääräkseni (singular translative)
väärikseni (plural translative)
väärättäni (abessive singular)
väärittäni (abessive plural)
väärineni (comitative plural)
vääräsi (nominative singular)
vääräsi (nominative plural)
vääräsi (accusative nominative singular)
vääräsi (accusative nominative plural)
vääräsi (accusative genitive singular)
vääräsi (accusative genitive plural)
vääräsi (genitive singular)
vääriesi (genitive plural)
vääräisi (genitive plural rare)
väärääsi (partitive singular)
vääriäsi (partitive plural)
väärässäsi (inessive singular)
väärissäsi (inessive plural)
väärästäsi (elative singular)
vääristäsi (elative plural)
väärääsi (illative singular)
vääriisi (illative plural)
väärälläsi (adessive singular)
väärilläsi (adessive plural)
väärältäsi (ablative singular)
vääriltäsi (ablative plural)
väärällesi (allative singular)
väärillesi (allative plural)
vääränäsi (essive singular)
väärinäsi (essive plural)
vääräksesi (singular translative)
vääriksesi (plural translative)
väärättäsi (abessive singular)
väärittäsi (abessive plural)
väärinesi (comitative plural)
väärämme (nominative singular)
väärämme (nominative plural)
väärämme (accusative nominative singular)
väärämme (accusative nominative plural)
väärämme (accusative genitive singular)
väärämme (accusative genitive plural)
väärämme (genitive singular)
vääriemme (genitive plural)
vääräimme (genitive plural rare)
vääräämme (partitive singular)
vääriämme (partitive plural)
väärässämme (inessive singular)
väärissämme (inessive plural)
väärästämme (elative singular)
vääristämme (elative plural)
vääräämme (illative singular)
vääriimme (illative plural)
väärällämme (adessive singular)
väärillämme (adessive plural)
väärältämme (ablative singular)
vääriltämme (ablative plural)
väärällemme (allative singular)
väärillemme (allative plural)
vääränämme (essive singular)
väärinämme (essive plural)
vääräksemme (singular translative)
vääriksemme (plural translative)
väärättämme (abessive singular)
väärittämme (abessive plural)
väärinemme (comitative plural)
vääränne (nominative singular)
vääränne (nominative plural)
vääränne (accusative nominative singular)
vääränne (accusative nominative plural)
vääränne (accusative genitive singular)
vääränne (accusative genitive plural)
vääränne (genitive singular)
väärienne (genitive plural)
vääräinne (genitive plural rare)
vääräänne (partitive singular)
vääriänne (partitive plural)
väärässänne (inessive singular)
väärissänne (inessive plural)
väärästänne (elative singular)
vääristänne (elative plural)
vääräänne (illative singular)
vääriinne (illative plural)
väärällänne (adessive singular)
väärillänne (adessive plural)
väärältänne (ablative singular)
vääriltänne (ablative plural)
väärällenne (allative singular)
väärillenne (allative plural)
vääränänne (essive singular)
väärinänne (essive plural)
vääräksenne (singular translative)
vääriksenne (plural translative)
väärättänne (abessive singular)
väärittänne (abessive plural)
väärinenne (comitative plural)
vääränsä (nominative singular)
vääränsä (nominative plural)
vääränsä (accusative nominative singular)
vääränsä (accusative nominative plural)
vääränsä (accusative genitive singular)
vääränsä (accusative genitive plural)
vääränsä (genitive singular)
vääriensä (genitive plural)
vääräinsä (genitive plural rare)
vääräänsä (partitive singular)
vääriään (partitive plural)
vääriänsä (partitive plural)
väärässään (inessive singular)
väärässänsä (inessive singular)
väärissään (inessive plural)
väärissänsä (inessive plural)
väärästään (elative singular)
väärästänsä (elative singular)
vääristään (elative plural)
vääristänsä (elative plural)
vääräänsä (illative singular)
vääriinsä (illative plural)
väärällään (adessive singular)
väärällänsä (adessive singular)
väärillään (adessive plural)
väärillänsä (adessive plural)
väärältään (ablative singular)
väärältänsä (ablative singular)
vääriltään (ablative plural)
vääriltänsä (ablative plural)
väärälleen (allative singular)
väärällensä (allative singular)
väärilleen (allative plural)
väärillensä (allative plural)
vääränään (essive singular)
vääränänsä (essive singular)
väärinään (essive plural)
väärinänsä (essive plural)
vääräkseen (singular translative)
vääräksensä (singular translative)
väärikseen (plural translative)
vääriksensä (plural translative)
väärättään (abessive singular)
väärättänsä (abessive singular)
väärittään (abessive plural)
väärittänsä (abessive plural)
väärineen (comitative plural)
väärinensä (comitative plural)

From Proto-Finnic *väärä, of unknown further origin.
Semantic development
* "crooked, bent" is probably the original sense; compare the semantic development of English wrong from its original sense of "crooked, twisted".

(baseball, pesäpallo, of a pitch) outside strike zone