CO

(chemistry) The molecular formula for carbon monoxide.


chemical formula

en-noun

chemical formula (plural chemical formulas or chemical formulae)

chemical formulas (plural)
chemical formulae (plural)

molecular formula
molecular formula#English

(chemistry) Synonym of molecular formula


Pr

(organic chemistry) Abbreviation of propyl.


tri-

(chemistry) Used in combination with a known element name (e.g. 'tri-silicon') to designate an unknown element that would reside three periods lower than the known element on a Mendeleev-type periodic table. See Mendeleev's predicted elements.


trans

Borrowed from Latin trāns (“on the other side of”).

bor+

A series of one electron shifts in this complex establish a new trans double bond at carbon ll which transfers the hydrogen to oxygen, forming the hydroperoxide and liberating the enzyme.

1973, Kert F. Ivie, The Effect of Peroxidase on Model Systems of Lipoxidase and Linoleic Acid:

A cis double bond is one where the hydrogen atoms are both on the same side. In contrast, a trans double bond has them on the opposite side.

2015, William P Edwards, The Science of Bakery Products, Royal Society of Chemistry, →ISBN, page 26:

(physical chemistry) In (or constituting, forming, or describing) a double bond in which the greater radical on both ends is on the opposite side of the bond.

The trans effect is the labilization of ligands which are trans to certain other ligands.

coordination compound
coordination compound

(physical chemistry) In (or constituting, forming, or describing) a coordination compound in which the two instances of a particular ligand are on opposite sides of the central atom.


Ms

Found since the 1600s as an abbreviation of mistress (whence also Miss and Mrs), a title which initially did not indicate marital status. Suggestions that the term be revived began in 1901, and referenced the fact that dialects such as Southern US English already made no distinction between Miss and Mrs (/ˈmɪz/) in speech. With the founding of Ms. magazine in 1971, the term quickly became widespread as an alternative to Miss and Mrs., which require knowing (and publicizing) the referent's marital status.

Ms Jane Doe, Ms. Roe

Title used before an adult woman's name or surname, especially when it is not desired or possible to indicate her marital status with Miss or Mrs.


-ium

From Latin -um (“neuter singular morphological suffix”), based on Latin terms for metals such as ferrum (“iron”).

der

systematic element name
systematic element name#English

(chemistry) Used to form the temporary systematic element name of a metallic or nonmetallic element which is postulated to exist, or which has been newly synthesized and has not yet been assigned a permanent name.


NO

(chemistry) The molecular formula for nitric oxide.


-on

* (Physics) From -on in electron, reinforced by Ancient Greek -ον (-on) ending neuter nouns and adjectives.
* (Chemistry) From -on in carbon, first applied to boron and then to silicon.

Coordinate term: -ino

(physics, mathematics and biology) Forming nouns denoting subatomic particles (proton), quanta (photon), molecular units (codon), or substances (interferon).

(biology, genetics) Forming names of things considered as basic or fundamental units, such as codon or recon.

(chemistry) Forming names of noble gases and certain nonmetal elements (such as boron or silicon).


cis

Clipping of cisgender or cissexual, ultimately from Latin cis.

Coordinate term: trans

We're demonized and criminalized as perverts out to trick and deceive cis hetero men; therefore anything that happens to us, we 'had coming.'

2017 November 21, Trish Bendix, quoting Ashlee Marie Preston, “Why it matters that transgender women are speaking out about Jeffrey Tambor — and that people are listening”, in Yahoo! Lifestyle:

Oh yeah, because you know who's been long overdue a challenge? The trans community. Oh, they've had their guard down for too long if you ask me. They'll all be checking their privilege on the way home now thanks to you, you brave little cis boy!

2019 January 17, James Acaster: Cold Lasagne Hate Myself 1999, spoken by James Acaster:

The reality is that LGBTQ+ people face challenges at disproportionally higher rates than their straight counterparts — drug use, sex work, and financial instability can be an unfortunate result. My privilege as a young cis white man whose parents weren't going to let me drown afforded me the ability to make those mistakes and live to talk about it.

2019 September 24, Johnathan Van Ness, Over the Top: A Raw Journey to Self-Love, HarperCollins, →ISBN, pages 117–118:

Cisgender (or sometimes cissexual): not trans (transgender or transsexual) nor non-binary.


molecular formula

en-noun

molecular formula (plural molecular formulas or molecular formulae)

molecular formulas (plural)
molecular formulae (plural)

The molecular formula for ethane is C₂H₆, while the empirical formula is CH₃.

(chemistry) A notation indicating the number of atoms of each element present in one molecule of a substance.

分子式

a notation indicating the number of atoms of each element present in a molecule


empirical formula

empirical formula (plural empirical formulas or empirical formulae)

empirical formulas (plural)
empirical formulae (plural)

(chemistry) A notation indicating the ratios of the various elements present in a compound, without regard to the actual numbers.

實驗式

a notation indicating the ratios of the various elements present in a compound


cis-

From the Latin preposition cis (“on this side of”). The earliest known sexuality-related use of the prefix in any language was in a 1914 German-language book on sexology. According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the earliest use of the prefix in the context of gender in English dates from 1994.

quote-book

Lexikon Des Gesamten Sexuallebens

1914, Ernst Burchard, Lexikon Des Gesamten Sexuallebens, Berlin, BV047570799, page 32:
Cisvestitismus, die Neigung, die Kleidung einer anderen Altersstufe, Volks- oder Berufsklasse des gleichen Geschlechts zum Zwecke sexueller Entspannung anzulegen, dem Transvestitismus verwandt (s. Verkleidungstrieb).
Cisvestism, the tendency to don the clothes of a different age group, ethnic group, or profession of the same sex for the purpose of sexual relaxation, related to transvestism (see disguise instinct).

cis- + diazene → cis-diazene

(physical chemistry) Forming names of chemical compounds in which two atoms or groups are situated on the same side of some plane of symmetry passing through the compound.


trans-

cis-

antonym(s) of “chemistry, other side/beyond, gender”

Borrowed from Latin trāns (“across, on the far side, beyond”).

bor

transacetylase, tranexamic acid, transaldolase

(physical chemistry) A compound in which two atoms or groups are situated on opposite sides of some plane of symmetry passing through the compound. (Also used without the hyphen as an adjective; see trans.)


systematic element name

en-noun

systematic element name (plural systematic element names)

Before IUPAC named the element with atomic number 106 “seaborgium” in honour of Glenn Seaborg, it was called by the systematic element name unnilhexium.

(chemistry) A systematic name for an element, derived from the digits of its atomic number to which the suffix -ium is appended; normally only used for transuranic elements before or for a short period after they have been created, after which they are given a non-systematic name.


systematic name

systematic name (plural systematic names)

A name that systematically designates a well-defined group of entities.

(chemistry) A name composed of words or symbols that precisely describe chemical structure; such names exist for both elements and compounds

systematický název

name precisely describing chemical structure


Ac

With the Mac in the Ac door paneling

(slang, African-American Vernacular) The Acura Legend automobile.


Bu

(organic chemistry) Abbreviation of butyl.


KI

(chemistry) The molecular formula for potassium iodide.


Me

(organic chemistry) Abbreviation of methyl.


NaCl

The chemical formula for sodium chloride, table salt.


chemical equation

chemical equation (plural chemical equations)

(chemistry) a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction; reactants are represented on the left, and products on the right


The molecular formula for carbonic acid.


The molecular formula for hydrogen sulfide.


HCl

The molecular formula for hydrogen chloride (hydrochloric acid).


H₂O₂

(inorganic chemistry) The molecular formula for hydrogen peroxide.


(inorganic chemistry) The molecular formula for phosphoric acid.


A man may believe, for example, that the star in the sky is the Morning Star without believing that it is the Evening Star. A man may, for example, want to drink a glass of water without wanting to drink a glass of H₂O.

1992, John R. Searle, The Rediscovery of the Mind (in English), →ISBN, page 157:

(generally) water (even if not chemically pure)


HF

(chemistry) The molecular formula for hydrogen fluoride (hydrofluoric acid).


(inorganic chemistry) The molecular formula for ammonia.


(organic chemistry) The molecular formula for methane.


H₂

(inorganic chemistry) The molecular formula for diatomic hydrogen.


The molecular formula for sulfur trioxide.


The molecular formula for sulfur dioxide.


general formula

general formula (plural general formulas or general formulae)

general formulas (plural)
general formulae (plural)

The general formula for saturated aliphatic hydrocarbons is CₙH₂ₙ₊₂ and the molecular formula for propane is C₃H₈

The general formula for alcohols is R-OH and the molecular formula for methanol is CH₃-OH

(chemistry) The molecular formula of a class of compounds in which actual numbers are represented by x, n etc., and organic radicals are represented as Rₙ


The molecular formula for nitrous oxide.


In dynamic equilibrium with N₂O₄ - dinitrogen tetroxide

nitrogen dioxide
nitrogen dioxide#English

The molecular formula for nitrogen dioxide.


nonstandard; acceptable when subscripts are not available or cannot be displayed


By swapping out less efficient federal vehicles for new hybrid and fuel efficient ones, this strategy will reduce gasoline consumption by 1.3 million gallons per year and prevent 26 million pounds of CO₂ from entering the atmosphere.

2009 April 9, Office of the Press Secretary, “President Obama Announces Accelerated Purchase of 17,600 New American Vehicles for Government Fleet”, in White House, archived from the original on 2010-03-10:


eka-

(chemistry) Used to form prototype names for as-yet undiscovered elements, when prepended to the known element above them in the same group of the periodic table.


chemical nomenclature

The system for naming chemical compounds. There are two systems of chemical nomenclature:

Wikipedia article on the naming of organic compounds.

Wikipedia article on the naming of inorganic compounds.


DH

(inorganic chemistry) deuterium-protium, a type of hydrogen (H₂) molecule. Known as hydrogen deuteride.


(organic chemistry) Alternative spelling of CH₄


trivial name

Trivial names for types of elements, such as "heavy metals", "noble metals", and "rare-earth elements" are terms of convenience, and either do not occur as such in the periodic table or do not form strict, coherent groups in the table. Element 137 (systematic name: untriseptium) is called by the unofficial trivial name "feynmanium", though it will not have an official trivial name until it is discovered.

systematic element name
systematic element name

A non-systematic name for a chemical element (see systematic element name).


-ine

From Middle English -in, -ine, from Old French -in, -ine, from Latin -īnus, from Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos. More at -en.

amine, aniline, caffeine, iodine

(chemistry) Used to form names of chemical substances, especially basic (alkaline) substances, alkaloidal substances, or halogen elements.

-ina

used to form names of chemical substances


-gen

Borrowed from French -gène, from the Ancient Greek -γενής (-genḗs).

mutagen ― an agent that gives rise to mutations

tormogen ― a cell that forms a socket

A producer of something, or an agent in the production of something.


aq

(physical chemistry) Abbreviation of aqueous solution.


T₂

International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry

(topology) The Hausdorff property; a category of topological spaces with this property.


canonical form

contributing structure
contributing structure

(physical chemistry) Any of a set of representations of the resonance structure of a molecule each of which contributes to the real structure; a contributing structure.


dwi-

(chemistry, dated) A designation prefix for undiscovered chemical elements lying two periods under a known element in the periodic table. (For example, rhenium was called dwi-manganese before its discovery in 1925.)


common name

(chemistry) A name that unambiguously identifies a substance but is not the IUPAC systematic name.


KH

(chemistry) The molecular formula for potassium hydride.


structural formula

structural formula (plural structural formulas or structural formulae)

structural formulas (plural)
structural formulae (plural)

(chemistry) Any of various diagrammatic representations of the structure of a molecule that shows how its atoms are linked to each other, with what type of bonds, and the presence of any charges


Opie, Iona, Opie, Pete (1959) chapter 9, in The Lore and Language of Schoolchildren, New York Review Books, published 2001, →ISBN, page 174: “Poor Old Stinker's dead and gone, / His face you'll see no more: / For what he thought was H₂O / Was H₂SO₄!”

(inorganic chemistry) the chemical formula of sulfuric acid


A molecule of heavy water, comprising two deuterium atoms and an oxygen atom.


(organic chemistry) molecular formula for ethanoic acid, as acetic acid


(inorganic chemistry) chemical formula for silicon dioxide


C₂H₆

(organic chemistry) molecular formula for ethane


C₂H₄

(organic chemistry) molecular formula for ethene


C₂H₂

(organic chemistry) molecular formula for ethyne


DHO

(inorganic chemistry) A molecule of semi-heavy water, comprising one deuterium and one protium type of hydrogen atoms with an oxygen atom


(inorganic chemistry) the molecular formula for phosphorous acid.


(inorganic chemistry) The molecular formula for sulfurous acid.


(inorganic chemistry) The molecular formula of monosilane.


(inorganic chemistry) molecular formula for disilane

trisilyl

SiH₂SiH₂SiH₃, -SiH₂SiH₂SiH₃, SiH(SiH₃)₂, -SiH(SiH₃)₂, Si₃H₇, -Si₃H₇


D₂

Deuterium-deuterium, a type of hydrogen (H₂) molecule. In other words, dideuterium, or diatomic deuterium.


PbO

(inorganic chemistry) chemical formula for lead monoxide


HgS

(inorganic chemistry) chemical formula for mercuric sulfide


SiO

(inorganic chemistry) chemical formula for silicon monoxide


MgO

(inorganic chemistry) chemical formula for magnesium oxide


ZnO

(inorganic chemistry) The chemical formula for zinc oxide.


chemical structure

chemical structure (plural chemical structures)

(physical chemistry) The arrangement of chemical bonds between atoms in a molecule (or in an ion or radical with multiple atoms), specifically which atoms are chemically bonded to what other atoms with what kind of chemical bond, together with any information on the geometric shape of the molecule needed to uniquely identify the type of molecule.


ar-

Potassium permanganate oxidizes ac-tetrahydronaphtylamine to o-hydrocinnam-carboxylic acid (p. 245); ar-tetrahydronaphthylamine, however, because of the oxidation of its amided benzene nucleus, is changed to adipic acid together with oxalic acid (B. 22, 767): […]

1900, Edgar Fahs Smith (English translator), R. Anschütz (German editor), Victor von Richter's Organic Chemistry: or, Chemistry of the Carbon Compounds, Third American Edition, Volume II, P. Blakiston's Son & Co., page 393

ar-Tetrahydro-α-carbamidonaphthalene, C₁₁H₁₄ON₂, crystallized in square plates from alc., soften at 198° and melts at about 206° (quickly heated, at 212°).

1919 January 10, C. J. West, abstract of G. Schroeter and K. Thomas, “Transformation of tetrahydronaphthalene (tetralin) in the animal body”; in American Chemical Society, Chemical Abstracts, Volume 13, Number 1, page 43

1-Naphthylamine is reduced by sodium and isopentanol to ar'''-tetrahydro-1-naphthylamine; the prefix ar- is the abbreviation of aromatic and indicates that the four hydrogen atoms are not in the ring containing the amino-group: […]

2006, Amit Arora, Aromatic Organic Chemistry, Discovery Publishing House, published 2007, →ISBN, page 173:

organic compounds
organic compounds#English

(organic chemistry) Forming classification names for classes of organic compounds that contain a carbon skeleton and one or more aromatic rings.


ar-

Shortened from area (because the function describes the area under a hyperbola), by analogy with arc-, the corresponding prefix for the circular trigonometric functions.

(mathematics, trigonometry) Used to form the names of inverse hyperbolic trigonometric functions, and the symbols for these functions.


D/L

Duckworth-Lewis method
Duckworth-Lewis method

(cricket, uncountable) Duckworth-Lewis method


pseudoelement

In a chemical formula, something that is called by a chemical symbol, but is not an element; e.g. Et may mean ethyl group, or Ph (or Φ) may mean phenyl group. (See "Skeletal formula" on Wikipedia; said article has a subsection titled "Pseudoelement symbols".)


Kekulé formula

Kekulé formula (plural Kekulé formulas or Kekulé formulae)

Kekulé formulas (plural)
Kekulé formulae (plural)

After Friedrich August Kekulé von Stradonitz (1829–1896).

(organic chemistry) A skeletal formula, especially a schematic representation of benzene as a hexagon made up of alternating single and double lines that represent alternating single and double bonds


skeletal formula

skeletal formula (plural skeletal formulas or skeletal formulae)

skeletal formulas (plural)
skeletal formulae (plural)

(chemistry) A structural formula which is reduced (i.e., skeletal) in the sense that carbon atoms forming the backbone of the structure (esp. of an organic compound) are not labeled — they are shown simply as vertices — and hydrogen atoms are not shown at all (except those which are bonded to heteroatoms, or the exceptionally labeled carbon atoms) but heteroatoms are always labeled. (Labels of labeled hydrogen atoms are written next to labels of the atoms that they are bonded to, without a bond drawn between them. If there are several labeled hydrogen atoms bonded to the same atom then they are written as an H with a subscript for their number.) Carbon atoms which are (optionally) labeled tend to be in reactive extremities of the molecule, not the backbone of it.


chemical symbol

chemical symbol (plural chemical symbols)

(chemistry) The 1- to 3-letter international code for a chemical element. It is the same in all languages. Thus, gold always has the chemical symbol "Au", regardless what people call it in their language.


ball-and-stick model

ball-and-stick model (plural ball-and-stick models)

(physical chemistry) A molecular model of a chemical substance, displaying the three-dimensional position of the atoms (as spheres) and the bonds between them (as connecting rods).


Et

(organic chemistry) Abbreviation of ethyl. (-C₂H₅)


Ph

(organic chemistry) Abbreviation of phenyl.


delta notation

(physical chemistry) A notation for denoting the prevalence of an isotope, equal to the normalized ratio of one isotope to another in a sample relative to that same ratio in a standard.


acribic

en-adj

acribic (comparative more acribic, superlative most acribic)

more acribic (comparative)
most acribic (superlative)

From German akribisch (“meticulous”) or its etymon Ancient Greek ἀκριβής (akribḗs, “exact, accurate, precise”).

der

Furthermore, the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) recommended that chemists should stop using imprecise terms such as systematic and trivial. It was suggested that they be replaced by the more precise terms acribic and anacribic, but these terms have never taken hold.

1997 Lynne Bowker, "You say "flatbed colour scanner", I say "colour flatbed scanner": A descriptive study of the influence of multidimensionality on term formation and use with special reference to the subject field of optical scanning technology." Terminology. International Journal of Theoretical and Applied Issues in Specialized Communication Vol.4 No.2 pp.275–302

Doubtless finding it troublesome to name their product from scratch, they hijacked the RTM and came up with 'Texanol benzyl phthalate'. ... More legitimate and altogether more 'acribic' would have been benzyl 3-isobutyryloxy-1-isopropyl-2 2-dimethylpropyl phthalate.

1998 E. W. Godly, "The need for good nomenclature" in Chemical Nomenclature, edited by K. J. Thurlow (Springer) p.24

(rare) (chemistry) (of a chemical name) systematic


titanium tetrabromide
titanium tetrabromide

(chemistry) molecular formula for titanium tetrabromide


(chemistry) The molecular formula for tetrafluoromethane.


C₃H₆

(organic chemistry) molecular formula for cyclopropane


(chemistry) The molecular formula for tetrachloromethane.


ball and stick

The handwriting sense derives from the resemblance of the circular and linear elements of the letters to a ball and a stick.

(education) A style of handwriting in which the letters are not joined and feature straight lines and circular arcs; block letters.


condensed formula

en-noun

condensed formula (plural condensed formulae or condensed formulas)

condensed formulae (plural)
condensed formulas (plural)

(physical chemistry) A simplified structural formula that does not show the individual atoms' relative position in space


iPr

(organic chemistry) abbreviation of isopropyl, styled as ⁱPr


IUPAC name

(chemistry) A formal chemical name specified by rules from IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry)


SiC

The chemical formula for carborundum, also called silicon carbide.


SiH

(chemistry) The chemical compound of silylidyne.


C₄H₁₀

(chemistry) The chemical formula for butane.


C₆H₁₂

(chemistry) The chemical formula for cyclohexane.


NaBr

(chemistry) The chemical formula for sodium bromide.


(chemistry) The molecular formula for carbon trioxide.


The chemical formula of magnesium hydroxide.


C₁₄H₁₉NO₂

(chemistry) The chemical formula for dexmethylphenidate.

(chemistry) The chemical formula for methylphenidate.


MgH

magnesium monohydride
magnesium monohydride


formaldehyde monohydrate
formaldehyde monohydrate

formaldehyde hydrate
formaldehyde hydrate

methanediol, also called formaldehyde monohydrate, methylene glycol and formaldehyde hydrate


C₆H₁₀O₂

acetonylacetone, also called 2,5-hexanedione, hexane-2,5-dione, 1,2-diacetylethane, 'α','β'-diacetylethane, acetonyl acetone, diacetonyl, 2,5-dioxohexane, and 2,5-diketohexane


C₂

, [C₂]


HII

desc

English: H_(II) emission line, HII emission line, H-II emission line, H II emission line

English: H_(II) region, HII region, H-II region, H II region

(inorganic chemistry, spectroscopy) ionized hydrogen; an atomic hydrogen ion needing 1 electron to become neutral; a free hydrogen nucleus; a hydron