eagle

From Middle English egle, from Anglo-Norman egle, from Old French aigle, from Latin aquila. Displaced native Middle English ern, earn, arn, from Old English earn (“eagle”). More at erne.

(US, numismatics, historical) A gold coin with a face value of ten dollars, formerly used in the United States.


quarter

en-noun

quarter (countable and uncountable, plural quarters)

From Middle English quarter, from Anglo-Norman quarter, from Latin quartarius, from quartus. Compare Spanish cuarto (“room, quarters; quarter”). Doublet of quartier.

cog

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-quarter.wav

çerek

one of four equal parts — see also one-fourth

(heraldry) A fourth part of a coat of arms, or the charge on it, larger than a canton and normally on the upper dexter side, formed by a perpendicular line from the top meeting a horizontal line from the side.


book

Sranan Tongo: buku

Tok Pisin: buk
→ Rotokas: vuku

→ Chichewa: buku

→ Hawaiian: puke

→ Malagasy: boky

→ Maori: pukapuka (with reduplication)

→ Marshallese: bok

→ Motu: buka

→ Malagasy: boky

→ Shona: bhuku

→ Somali: buugga

i

possibly also from Afrikaans <i class="Latn mention" lang="af">boek</i>

→ Sotho: buka (possibly also from Afrikaans boek)

→ Zulu: ibhuku (possibly also from Afrikaans boek)

From Middle English bok, book, from Old English bōc, from Proto-West Germanic *bōk, from Proto-Germanic *bōks. Eclipsed non-native Middle English livret, lyveret (“book, booklet”) from Old French livret (“book, booklet”). Bookmaker sense by clipping.

have more chins than a Chinese phone book

why buy a book when you can join a library

why buy a book when you can join the library

(law, colloquial) A book award, a recognition for receiving the highest grade in a class (traditionally an actual book, but recently more likely a letter or certificate acknowledging the achievement).


port

From late Old Norse port n, portr m, from Latin porta f. Computing sense a semantic loan from English.

Jag är vid porten, kan du öppna?

a (robust) door leading into a larger building, for example an apartment building

(computing) a port (logical or physical construct in and from which data are transferred)


tiger

→ Volapük: tigrid

→ Welsh: teigr

Canada, Inland Northern American, New England, some speakers

From Middle English tygre, in part from Old English tigras (pl.), in part from Anglo-Norman tigre, both from Latin tigris, from Ancient Greek τίγρις (tígris), from Iranian (compare Avestan 𐬙𐬌𐬔𐬭𐬌 (tigri, “arrow”), 𐬙𐬌𐬖𐬭𐬀 (tiγra, “pointed”)). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)teyg- (“to pierce, prick, be sharp”). Compare English stick.

der

The heraldic tiger is a mythical beast, quite unlike a real tiger which is described in heraldry as a Bengal tiger. The ordinary tiger has no stripes, has a horn protruding from its nose, has tusks like a boar and a tufted mane, and has a lion's tail instead of a tiger's.

1968, Charles MacKinnon of Dunakin, The Observer's Book of Heraldry, page 69:

(heraldry) A representation of a large mythological cat, used on a coat of arms.


man

cy-noun

man m (plural mannau or mannoedd, diminutive mannyn or mennyn)

mannau (plural)
mannoedd (plural)
mannyn (diminutive)
mennyn (diminutive)

Possibly from Latin menda (“defect, blemish, mistake”), from Proto-Indo-European *mend- (“physical defect, fault”); if so, then from the same origin as Etymology 1. See Old Irish mennar (“blemish, stain”).


rose

en-noun

rose (countable and uncountable, plural roses)

→ Marshallese: rooj

→ Tokelauan: loha

From Middle English rose, roose, from Old English rōse, but with its vowel influenced by Old French rose, both from Latin rosa. The Latin is of uncertain origin, but likely via Oscan from Ancient Greek ῥόδον (rhódon, “rose”) (Aeolic ϝρόδον (wródon)), from Old Persian *vr̥dah (“flower”) (compare Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀- (var^əδa-), Sogdian ward, Parthian wâr, late Middle Persian [Term?] (gwl /gul/), Persian گل (gol, “rose, flower”), and Middle Iranian borrowings including Old Armenian վարդ (vard, “rose”), Aramaic וַרְדָּא (wardā) / ܘܪܕܐ (wardā), Arabic وَرْدَة (warda), Hebrew וֶרֶד (wéreḏ)), from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥dʰos (“sweetbriar”) (compare Old English word (“thornbush”), Latin rubus (“bramble”), Albanian hurdhe (“ivy”)). Possibly ultimately a derivation from a verb for "to grow" only attested in Indo-Iranian (*Hwardʰ-, compare Sanskrit वर्धति (vardhati), with relatives in Avestan).

(heraldry) The rose flower, usually depicted with five petals, five barbs, and a circular seed.


rose

Inherited from Middle French rose, from Old French rose, borrowed from Latin rosa (the expected form if it was inherited would be *reuse).


torta

→ English: torta

desctree

→ German: Torte, Tarte (obsolete, but borrowed anew from Modern French), Turte (obsolete)
→ Czech: dort
→ English: torte
→ Estonian: tort
→ Hungarian: torta
→ Japanese: トルテ (torute)
→ Macedonian: торта (torta)
→ Polish: tort
→ Romanian: tort
→ Russian: торт (tort), тортъ (tort) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
→ Armenian: տորթ (tortʻ)
→ Kazakh: торт (tort)
→ Yakut: торт (tort)
→ Serbo-Croatian: torta / торта
→ Ukrainian: торт (tort)

→ Turkish: turta

From Latin turta. Thought to derive from Latin tŏrta f (“twisted”), which yielded tòrta in Italian.

(heraldry) roundel (of a tincture; see bisante)


swan

From Middle English swan, from Old English swan, from Proto-West Germanic *swan, from Proto-Germanic *swanaz (“swan”, literally “the singing bird”), from Proto-Indo-European *swonh₂-/*swenh₂- (“to sing, make sound”).
Cognate with West Frisian swan, Low German Swaan, swan, Dutch zwaan, German Schwan, Danish svane, Norwegian svane, Swedish svan. Related also to Old English ġeswin (“melody, song”), Old English swinsian (“to make melody”).
Further cognates include (possibly) Russian звон (zvon, “ring, chime”); Latin sonus (“sound”), Sanskrit स्वन् (svan, “sound”).
Doublet of sound.

inh

(heraldry) This bird used as a heraldic charge, sometimes with a crown around its neck (e. g. the arms of Buckinghamshire).


bend

From Middle English benden, from Old English bendan (“to bind or bend (a bow), fetter, restrain”), from Proto-West Germanic *bandijan, from Proto-Germanic *bandijaną (“to bend”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰendʰ- (“to bind, tie”). Cognate with Middle High German benden (“to fetter”), Danish bænde (“to bend”), Norwegian bende (“to bend”), Faroese benda (“to bend, inflect”), Icelandic benda (“to bend”). Related to band, bond.

der

Perhaps the most celebrated coat of arms is that of Scrope, which is Azure a bend Or. This is the coat over which, from 1385 to 1390, Sir Robert le Grosvenor and Sir Richard le Scrope invoked the High Court of Chivalry to decide which of them had the right to bear these arms. Chaucer gave evidence before the court. In the end the arms were awarded to Scrope, and Grosvenor was ordered to difference with a bordure Argent. This he disdained to do, and being highly dissatisfied with the verdict he appealed to Richard II who altered the decision of the court by refusing to allow the bend to Grosvenor at all! Grosvenor then adopted a garb, or sheaf of corn.

1968, Charles MacKinnon of Dunakin, The Observer's Book of Heraldry, pages 63–64:

(heraldry) One of the honourable ordinaries formed by two diagonal lines drawn from the dexter chief to the sinister base; it generally occupies a fifth part of the shield if uncharged, but if charged one third.


face

→ Danish: fjæs

→ Norwegian:

Norwegian Bokmål: fjes

Norwegian Nynorsk: fjes

→ Swedish: fejs, fjäs

→ Wu: 番斯 (¹fe-sy)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-?
Latin faciēs
Late Latin facia
Old French facebor.
Middle English face
English face
From Middle English face, from Old French face, from Late Latin facia, from Latin faciēs (“form, appearance”). Doublet of facies. Displaced native onlete (“face, countenance, appearance”), anleth (“face”), from Old English anwlite, andwlita, compare German Antlitz; Old English ansīen (“face”), Middle English neb (“face, nose”) (from Old English nebb), Middle English ler, leor, leer (“face, cheek, countenance”) (from Old English hlēor), and non-native Middle English vis (“face, appearance, look”) (from Old French vis) and Middle English chere (“face”) from Old French chere.
In the sense of face as in reputation, influenced by Chinese 面子 (miànzi) or 臉／脸 (liǎn), both of which mean literally the front of the head and metaphorically one's public image. See lose face.

noncog

talk to the hand 'cause the face ain't listening

(heraldry) The head of a lion, shown face-on and cut off immediately behind the ears.


cost

From Middle English coste, from Old French coste, from Latin costa. Doublet of coast and cuesta.


grind

From Old Swedish grind, from Old Norse grind, from Proto-Germanic *grindiz, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrendʰ-.

köra in genom grinden i staketet

Glöm inte att stänga grinden

grinden till hagen

a (non-solid, like a grid or mesh) gate (in a fence, wall, hedge, or the like)

NAND-grindar


hurt

Unclear. Suggestions include: from its resemblance to a blue hurtleberry, or from French heurt (a blow, leaving a blue bruise: compare the theories about golpe (“purple roundel”)).

(heraldry) A roundel azure (blue circular spot).


torn

torn (indefinite nominative singular)
torns (genitive indefinite singular)
tornet (definite nominative singular)
tornets (definite genitive singular)
torn (indefinite nominative plural)
torns (genitive indefinite plural)
tornen (definite nominative plural)
tornens (definite genitive plural)

From Old Norse turn, from Middle Low German tōrn, tōren, from Old French tor, from Latin turris, from Ancient Greek τύρρις (túrrhis), τύρσις (túrsis), from a Mediterranean substrate loan.


bol

nl-noun

bol m (plural bollen, diminutive bolletje n or bolleke n)

bollen (plural)
bolletje (diminutive neuter)
bolleke (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: bol

→ Aukan: bolu

→ Papiamentu: bòl

→ Sranan Tongo: bòl, boru

→ Caribbean Javanese: bolu

From Middle Dutch bol, bolle, from Old Dutch *bolla, from Proto-West Germanic *bollā, from Proto-Germanic *bullǭ (“round object or vessel, ball, bowl”).


ibex

ibex (plural)
ibexes (plural)
ibices (plural)

From Latin ībex (“chamois”), possibly from Iberian or Aquitanian; akin to Old Spanish bezerro (“bull”) (modern becerro (“yearling”)).

(heraldry) An imaginary creature with serrated horns, somewhat similar to the heraldic antelope.


anchor

→ Chuukese: angko

From Middle English anker, from Old English ancor, ancra, from Latin ancora, from (or cognate with) Ancient Greek ἄγκυρα (ánkura). The modern form is a sixteenth-century modification after the Medieval Latin spelling anchora. Doublet of ancora and anker.

(heraldry) Representation of the nautical tool, used as a heraldic charge.


plate

(heraldry) A roundel of silver or argent.


bo

bo (indefinite nominative singular)
bos (genitive indefinite singular)
boet (definite nominative singular)
boets (definite genitive singular)
bon (indefinite nominative plural)
bons (genitive indefinite plural)
bona (definite nominative plural)
bonas (definite genitive plural)
bo (indefinite nominative singular)
bos (genitive indefinite singular)
bon (definite nominative singular)
bons (definite genitive singular)
bor (indefinite nominative plural)
bors (genitive indefinite plural)
borna (definite nominative plural)
bornas (definite genitive plural)

fågelbo

att bygga bo
to build a nest / to nest ("build nest" – idiomatic phrasing)

a dwelling (of an animal), especially a bird's nest


crown

→ Japanese: クラウン (kuraun)

→ Korean: 크라운 (keuraun)

→ Maori: karauna

From Middle English coroune, from Anglo-Norman corone, from Latin corōna (“crown, wreath”), from Ancient Greek κορώνη (korṓnē). Doublet of corona, korona, koruna, krona, króna, and krone. Displaced native Old English corenbēag (“crown”); and Middle English kinehelm, kynehelm, from Old English cynehelm (“crown”).
* (paper size): So called because originally watermarked with a crown.

doublet

There is no difficulty getting married in Jamaica, is there? No, it only costs half a crown.

1866, Jamaica. Report of the Royal Jamaica Commission, 1866. Part II: Minutes of Evidence and Appendix, H.M.Stationery Office, page 558:

Maggie Murphy had some knickers that she bought in Bagenalstown, an interlock of knickers that she got for a half a crown.

2009, “Maggie Murphy's Knickers” (track 8), in Stay Wut Her Johnny, performed by Richie Kavanagh:

en:any of several Commonwealth coins worth five shillings

(historical, by extension) A coin or note worth five shillings in various countries that are or were in the British Commonwealth, such as Ireland or Jamaica.


pomme

Borrowed from French pomme, ultimately from Latin poma. Doublet of pome.

(heraldry) A roundel vert (green circular spot), resembling or representing an apple.


Kugel

de-noun

Kugel f (genitive Kugel, plural Kugeln, diminutive Kügelchen n or (both rare) Kügelein n or Küglein n)

Kugel (genitive)
Kugeln (plural)
Kügelchen (diminutive neuter)
Kügelein (diminutive neuter rare)
Küglein (diminutive neuter rare)
Kugel (nominative singular)
Kugeln (definite nominative plural)
Kugel (genitive singular)
Kugeln (definite genitive plural)
Kugel (dative singular)
Kugeln (dative definite plural)
Kugel (accusative singular)
Kugeln (accusative definite plural)

→ Kashubian: kùgla

desc

→ Polish: kula (meanings other than "crutch")

→ Serbo-Croatian: kugla

From Middle High German kugel, kugele, of uncertain origin, but probably related to Keule (“club”).
 Possibly from Proto-Germanic *kuggilaz (“knobbed instrument”), a derivative of*kuggǭ (“cog, swelling”), from Proto-Indo-European *gewgʰ- (“swelling, bow”), an extension of *gew- (“to bow, bend, arch, curve””), whence also perhaps Albanian gogël (“acorn, small ball”).
Further discussion
Outside of loans from German (as in Danish kugle and Dutch kogel), it appears only in German, and only from the Middle High German period, as kugel, kugele, referring to a ball used in games (Spielkugel).
Nevertheless, the word seems to be of genuinely Germanic origin. A Swiss dialect form has an additional r, in krugle, found already in Middle High German in the diminutive form krúgellin (Konrad of Würzburg, d. 1287).
Middle German variants of the word in the original sense “ball used in skittles or Paille-maille” are kaule, kulle, while Low German had cognates of Klotz.
The sense “bullet” is directly via comparison with the ball in skittles, already in use for lead or iron spheres used as projectiles (fired with slingshots or similar) before firearms became widespread.
Also compared are Kegel (“pin or peg used in a game (such as skittles)”), as well as English cudgel and cog, though these connections are far from certain.


pellet

→ Catalan: pèl·let

Inherited from Middle English pelote, pelet, from Old French pelote (“small ball”), from Vulgar Latin *pilotta, diminutive of Latin pila (“ball”). Doublet of pelota.

(heraldry) A roundel sable (black circular spot).


ruin

ruin (indefinite nominative singular)
ruins (genitive indefinite singular)
ruinen (definite nominative singular)
ruinens (definite genitive singular)
ruiner (indefinite nominative plural)
ruiners (genitive indefinite plural)
ruinerna (definite nominative plural)
ruinernas (definite genitive plural)


escudo

Inherited from Old Spanish escudo, from Latin scūtum, from Proto-Indo-European *skei- (“to cut, split”), an extension of *sek- (“to cut”). Cognate with English écu, scudo and escudo.


croissant

→ English: croissant

→ German: Croissant

→ Italian: croissant

→ Malay: roti bulan sabit (calque)

→ Turkish: kruvasan

→ Spanish: cruasán

→ Asturian: curasán

→ Catalan: croissant

→ Portuguese: croassã

Present participle of the verb croître (“to increase, to grow”). From Old French croisant, from earlier creissant, from Latin crēscentem, present active participle of crēscō (“to augment”).


fireball

/ˈfaɪəɹˌbɔl/

Chelyabinsk meteor
Nevada Test Site
Operation Upshot–Knothole

The noun is derived from fire (noun) + ball (noun). The adjective and verb are derived from the noun.

tulipallo

bag or ball filled with combustible material; (heraldry) charge depicting a disc-shaped bombshell

(weaponry, historical) A bag or ball filled with combustible material which is thrown as a weapon or to set something alight.

(heraldry) A charge depicting a disc-shaped bombshell with flames emitted from the top, or sometimes from the top, bottom, and on either side.


harp

From Middle English harpe, from Old English hearpe (“harp”), from Proto-West Germanic *harpā, from Proto-Germanic *harpǭ (“harp”). Cognate with Scots hairp (“harp”), West Frisian harpe, harp (“harp”), Low German Harp (“harp”), Dutch harp (“harp”), German Harfe (“harp”), Danish harpe (“harp”), Swedish harpa (“harp”).

The Harpe. […] A harper with his wreſt maye tune the harpe wrong / Mys tunying of an Inſtrument ſhal hurt a true ſonge

1568, William Cornishe [i.e., William Cornysh], “In the Fleete Made by Me William Cornishe otherwise Called Nyshwhete Chapelman with the Most Famose and Noble Kyng Henry the VII. His Reygne the XIX. Yere the Moneth of July. A Treatise betwene Trouth, and Information.”, in John Skelton, edited by J[ohn] S[tow], Pithy Pleasaunt and Profitable Workes of Maister Skelton, Poete Laureate, Imprinted at London: In Fletestreate, neare vnto Saint Dunstones Churche by Thomas Marshe, →OCLC; republished as Pithy Pleasaunt and Profitable Workes of Maister Skelton, Poete Laureate to King Henry the VIIIth, London: Printed for C. Davis in Pater-noster Row, 1736, →OCLC, page 290:

(music) A musical instrument consisting of a body and a curved neck, strung with strings of varying length that are stroked or plucked with the fingers and are vertical to the soundboard when viewed from the end of the body

Any instrument of the same musicological type.

(music, colloquial) Any musical instrument.

A struck tuned percussion instrument of metal or wooden bars, especially as a function of a theatre organ.

Contains charts and instructions for wiring. Shows sockets, wire, harps, glass chimneys and globes, shade holders, bases, finials, and hundreds of items necessary in the building of lamps.

Both types of harp have a swiveling shade holder at the top. The threaded stud on the swivel accepts the finial.

1991, Kalton C. Lahue, Cheryl Smith, Interior Lighting, page 104:

The component of a lamp to which one attaches the lampshade, consisting of a lightweight frame that usually surrounds the bulb with an attachment at the top for the finial.

More likely, it was the prospect of meat. Curwen was by now craving a juicy roast – 'even seal chop' – and was always loosing off at tickleasses and harps.

2006, John Gimlette, Theatre of Fish: Travels Through Newfoundland and Labrador, page 225:


pyramid

pyramid (indefinite nominative singular)
pyramids (genitive indefinite singular)
pyramiden (definite nominative singular)
pyramidens (definite genitive singular)
pyramider (indefinite nominative plural)
pyramiders (genitive indefinite plural)
pyramiderna (definite nominative plural)
pyramidernas (definite genitive plural)


leopard

From Middle English leopard, leopart, lepard, leperd, from Old French leopard (“leopard”), from Late Latin leopardus (“leopon, lipard”) from late Ancient Greek λεόπαρδος (leópardos, “leopon, lipard”), from λέων (léōn, “lion”) + πάρδος (párdos, “pard, male leopard”), from earlier πάρδαλις (párdalis, “leopard”), probably from an unattested Old Persian [Term?] term ancestral to Middle Persian palang, Khwarezmian plyk, Sogdian [script needed] (pwrδnk), Pashto پړانګ (pṛāng). Compare Persian پلنگ (palang) and Sanskrit पृदाकु (pṛdāku, “panther”).

tier

a large wild cat with a spotted coat, Panthera pardus

Naakaii Łizhiní Bikéyahdę́ę́ʼ náshdóítsoh łikizhígíí

leopon

hybrid formed by a leopard and a lioness

Sometimes there is confusion over the heraldic leopard, the question being—When is a leopard not a leopard? There is a theory that the lion and leopard were the same thing, and that they were named entirely depending on their attitude—thus if the animal was passant guardant it was a leopard, but when rampant it was a lion. Nowadays a leopard is the genuine spotted article and quite unmistakeable. Some people still speak, wrongly, of the leopards of England, but it does no great harm as it is an ancient expression and everybody knows what it means.

1968, Charles MacKinnon of Dunakin, The Observer's Book of Heraldry, pages 68–69:


fountain

From Middle English [Term?]; from Old French fontaine (whence modern fontaine); from Late Latin fontana, from Latin fontanus, fontaneus, adjectives from fons (“source, spring”).

Crest : A boar's head couped gold semy of fountains armed gules. Motto : REMIS VELISQUE. Granted by the College of Arms 1966.

1928, New England Historic Genealogical Society. Committee on Heraldry, A Roll of Arms:

Argent, seme of fountains on a chief azure a Lorraine cross and an oak leaf of the first. Crest, None. Motto, Able and Ready. The blue of the shield represents Infantry. The fountains are emblematic of Arizona,[…]

1953, United States. Department of the Army. Office of Military History, The Army Lineage Book, page 828:

(heraldry) A roundel barry wavy argent and azure.


bar

en-noun

bar (countable and uncountable, plural bars)

→ Albanian: bar m

→ Arabic: بَار m (bār)

→ Armenian: բար (bar)

→ Bulgarian: бар (bar)

→ Burmese: ဘား (bha:)

→ Chichewa: bála

→ Cantonese: 吧 (baa¹)

→ Czech: bar m

→ Danish: bar c

→ Dutch: bar m

→ Esperanto: baro

→ Estonian: baar

→ French: bar m
→ Romanian: bar

→ Galician: bar m

→ Georgian: ბარი (bari)

→ German: Bar f

→ Greek: μπαρ n (bar)

→ Gulf Arabic: بار (bār)

→ Hebrew: בָּר (bar), בָּאר (bár)

→ Hungarian: bár (also via German)

→ Icelandic: bar m

→ Irish: beár m

→ Italian: bar m

→ Japanese: バー (bā)

→ Khmer: បារ (baa)

→ Korean: 바 (ba)

→ Lithuanian: bãras m

→ Macedonian: бар m (bar)

→ Malagasy: ba

→ Mandarin: 吧 (bā)

→ Norwegian:

Bokmål: bar m

Nynorsk: bar m

→ Persian: بار (bâr)

→ Polish: bar m

→ Portuguese: bar m

→ Russian: бар m (bar)

→ Serbo-Croatian: ба̑р m, bȃr m

→ Slovene: bȃr m

→ Spanish: bar m

→ Swahili: baa

→ Swedish: bar c (see there for further descendants)

→ Thai: บาร์ (baa)

→ Turkish: bar

→ Xhosa: íbhári

→ Zulu: ibha

From Middle English barre, from Old French barre (“beam, bar, gate, barrier”), from Vulgar Latin *barra, of uncertain origin. Doublet of barre.

der

(heraldry) One of the ordinaries in heraldry; a diminutive of a fess.


cross

→ Japanese: クロス (kurosu)

From Middle English cross, cros, from Old English cros (“rood, cross”), perhaps from Old Irish cros (compare Welsh croes, Irish crois), perhaps from Latin crux (cruci). In this sense displaced native Middle English rood, from Old English rōd; see rood.
The sense of "two intersecting lines drawn or cut on a surface; two lines intersecting at right angles" without regard to religious signification develops from the late 14th century.
cognates
*Old Norse kross (“cross”)
*Icelandic kross (“cross”)
*Faroese krossur (“cross”)
*Danish kors (“cross”)
*Swedish kors (“cross”)
*German Kreuz (“cross”)
*Dutch kruis (“cross”)

(heraldry) Any geometric figure having this or a similar shape, such as a cross of Lorraine or a Maltese cross.


pale

From Middle English pale, pal, borrowed from Old French pal, from Latin pālus (“stake, prop”). English inherited the word pole (or, rather Old English pāl) from a much older Proto-Germanic borrowing of the same Latin word.
Doublet of peel and pole.

(heraldry) A vertical band down the middle of a shield.


label

→ Danish: label

→ Dutch: label

→ French: label

→ Japanese: ラベル (raberu)

→ Malay: label

→ Polish: label

From Middle English label (“narrow band, strip of cloth”), from Old French label, lambel (Modern French lambeau), from Frankish *lappā (“torn piece of cloth”), from Proto-Germanic *lappǭ, *lappô (“cloth stuff, rag, scraps, flap, dewlap, lobe, rabbit ear”), from Proto-Indo-European *leb- (“blade”). Cognate with Old High German lappa (“rag, piece of cloth”), Old English læppa (“skirt, flap of a garment”). More at lap.

cog

(heraldry) A charge resembling the strap crossing the horse’s chest from which pendants are hung.


griffin

Chinese Pidgin English: griffin

From Middle English griffoun, from Old French griffon, from Latin gryphus, from Ancient Greek γρύψ (grúps).

A large vulture (Gyps fulvus) found in the mountainous parts of Southern Europe, North Africa, and Asia Minor, supposed to be the "eagle" of the Bible.


sea lion

From sea + lion, named from its marine habitat and its lion-like barking roar and mane. Compare Middle English see hound, cee-hound, se hound (“beaver”, literally “sea-hound”).

(heraldry) A monster consisting of the upper part of a lion combined with the tail of a fish (a lion marined).


lion

Haitian Creole: lyon

Mauritian Creole: lyon

Seychellois Creole: lyon

Inherited from Old French lion, a semi-learned borrowing from Latin leōnem, from Ancient Greek λέων (léōn).


basilisk

From Middle English basilicke, borrowed from Old French basilique, from Latin basiliscus, from Ancient Greek βασιλίσκος (basilískos) (literally "minor king or chieftain", possibly based on descriptions or rare encounters with different types of cobra which have crown-like patterns on their head; the "deadly gaze" could have been from the spitting cobra's ability to spit venom into the eyes of predators or prey from a distance), from βασιλεύς (basileús, “king”). The cognitohazard/infohazard sense is by analogy with the deadly gaze of the mythical creature.

(heraldry) A type of dragon used in heraldry.


ros

ros (indefinite nominative singular)
ros (genitive indefinite singular)
rosen (definite nominative singular)
rosens (definite genitive singular)
rosor (indefinite nominative plural)
rosors (genitive indefinite plural)
rosorna (definite nominative plural)
rosornas (definite genitive plural)

→ Estonian: roos

→ Finnish: ruusu

From Old Swedish ros‚ from Middle Low German rose, from Latin rosa.

Ty just nu idag, så köpte jag, en liten ros i en blomsteraffär. En ros röd som blod, så att du förstod, att det är dig som jag håller kär.

1963, Arne Qvick (lyrics and music), “Rosen [The rose]”:

For just now today, I bought, a small rose in a flower shop. A rose red as blood, so that you understood, that it is you that I hold dear.

a rose; a flower, a shrub, also as heraldic charge


unicorn

From Middle English unicorne, unikorn, from Anglo-Norman unicorne, Old French unicorne, and their source, Latin ūnicornis, from ūnus (“one”) + cornū (“horn”). Other senses from either rarity (e.g., possessing multiple skills) or by physical resemblance to having a horn (e.g., howitzer). The finance sense was coined by American investor Aileen Lee and first used in a 2013 article.

But I also think, “They’re looking for a unicorn — a magical designer who can solve all their problems.” It’s too bad unicorns don’t exist. … I have never met a designer who is an expert in all those skill areas. … Even if you find a unicorn designer with all those skills, actually doing all those things at your company is a huge amount of work.

2011 November 1, Braden Kowitz, “Hiring a designer: hunting the unicorn”, in Google Ventures:

He believes that good data scientists, “otherwise known as unicorn data scientists,” have three types of expertise.

2015 October 3, Gil Press, “These Are The Skills You Need To (Eventually) Become A $240,000+ Unicorn Data Scientist”, in Forbes:

en:someone or something rare and hard to find

en:person with so much multidisciplinary expertise as to be rare

Someone or something that is rare and hard to find.

(business) A person with multidisciplinary expertise, especially a laundry list of three or more skills in a young field such as UX design or data science (e.g., domain knowledge, statistics, and software engineering).


rosa

it-noun

rosèlla<q:uncommon>,rosellìna<pos:diminutive of diminutive>,rosétta,rosettìna<pos:diminutive of diminutive>

rosa f (plural rose, diminutive (uncommon) rosèlla or rosellìna (diminutive of diminutive) or rosétta or rosettìna (diminutive of diminutive))

rose (plural)
rosèlla (diminutive uncommon)
rosellìna (diminutive)
rosétta (diminutive)
rosettìna (diminutive)


rosa

→ Cebuano: rosa

→ Classical Nahuatl: rosa

→ Zoogocho Zapotec: ros

→⇒ Cebuano: rosas (via rosas (pl.))

→⇒ Tagalog: rosas (via rosas (pl.))

From Old Spanish rosa, a semi-learned borrowing from Latin rosa.


chief

→ Japanese: チーフ (chīfu)

→ Swahili: chifu

From Middle English cheef, chef, from Old French chef, chief (“leader”), from Vulgar Latin capus, from Latin caput (“head”) (from which also captain, chieftain), from Proto-Italic *kaput, from Proto-Indo-European *káput. Doublet of cape (“point of land”), capo, caput, and chef through Latin (possibly also related to cape (“sleeveless garment”) and cap (“head covering”) from Latin cappa); doublet of head and Howth through Proto-Indo-European.

doublet

When the Chief is Charged with any figure, in blazon it is said to be "On a Chief".

1889, Charles Norton Elvin, A Dictionary of Heraldry:

(heraldry) The top part of a shield or escutcheon; more specifically, an ordinary consisting of the upper part of the field cut off by a horizontal line, generally occupying the top third.


hus

hus (indefinite nominative singular)
hus (genitive indefinite singular)
huset (definite nominative singular)
husets (definite genitive singular)
hus (indefinite nominative plural)
hus (genitive indefinite plural)
husen (definite nominative plural)
husens (definite genitive plural)

From Old Swedish hūs, from Old Norse hús, from Proto-Germanic *hūsą (“house”).

(archaic) a castle (several Swedish castles have "hus" in their name)

(astrology) a house (section of the zodiac)

Skruva loss huset och kolla åt vilket håll termostaten sitter

Unscrew the housing and check which way the thermostat is facing


hus

From the genus name, New Latin huso (“sturgeon”).


dragon

→ Fijian: drekoni

→ Japanese: ドラゴン (doragon)

desc

→ Korean: 드래곤 (deuraegon), 드래건 (deuraegeon)

→ Marathi: ड्रॅगन (ḍrĕgan)

→ Marshallese: tūrāikōn

→ Niuean: tarākoni

→ Swahili: dragoni

→ Tamil: டிராகன் (ṭirākaṉ)

→ Yoruba: dírágónì

From Middle English dragoun, borrowed from Old French dragon, from Latin dracō(n), from Ancient Greek δράκων (drákōn, “a serpent of huge size, a python, a dragon”), probably from δέρκομαι (dérkomai, “I see clearly”). Displaced native Old English draca—a doublet of dragon, as are Draco, dracone, and dragoon.

taniwha

Maori mythological creature similar to a dragon

My father compounded with my mother vnder the Dragons taile, and my nativity was vnder Vrsa Maior.

c. 1603–1606, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of King Lear”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:

(astronomy, with definite article, often capitalized) The constellation Draco.


dragon

fr-noun

dragon m (plural dragons, feminine dragonne)

→ Albanian: dragun

→ Armenian: դրագուն (dragun)

→ Azerbaijani: draqun

→ Bashkir: драгун (dragun)

→ Belarusian: драгун (drahun)

→ Breton: dragun

→ Bulgarian: драгун (dragun)

→ Catalan: dragon

→ Cebuano: dragun

→ Crimean Tatar: dragun

→ Czech: dragoun

→ Danish: dragon

→ English: dragoon

→ Esperanto: dragono

→ Estonian: tragun

→ Gagauz: dragun

→ Georgian: დრაგუნი (draguni)

→ German: Dragoner
→ Dutch: dragonder

→ Greek: δραγόνος (dragónos)

→ Hebrew: דרגון (dragún)

→ Hungarian: dragonyos

→ Icelandic: dragoní

→ Ido: dragono

→ Irish: dragún

→ Japanese: ドラグーン (doragūn)

→ Kazakh: драгун (dragun)

→ Kyrgyz: драгун (dragun)

→ Latvian: dragūns

→ Lithuanian: dragūnas

→ Macedonian: драгун (dragun)

→ Mongolian: драгун (dragun)

→ Norwegian: dragon

→ Occitan: dragon

→ Polish: dragon

→ Romanian: dragon

→ Russian: драгун (dragun)

→ Carpathian Rusyn: драґун (dragun)

→ Serbo-Croatian: dragun / драгун

→ Slovak: dragún

→ Slovene: dragonec

→ Spanish: dragón

→ Swedish: dragon
→ Finnish: rakuuna

→ Tagalog: dragun

→ Tajik: драгун (dragun)

→ Tatar: драгун (drağun)

→ Turkish: dragon

→ Turkmen: dragun

→ Ukrainian: драгун (drahun)

→ Uzbek: dragun

→ Waray-Waray: dragun

→ Welsh: dragŵn

→ Zazaki: dragun

Inherited from Old French dragon, perhaps borrowed from Old Occitan dragon, from Latin dracō, from Ancient Greek δράκων (drákōn). Doublet of drac.


crescent

From Middle English cressaunt, from Anglo-Norman cressaunt and Old French creissant (“crescent of the moon”) (French croissant), from Latin crēscēns, present active participle of crēscō (“arise, thrive”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱreh₁- (“to grow”). See Old Armenian սերիմ (serim, “be born”) and սերեմ (serem, “bring forth”), Ancient Greek κόρη (kórē, “girl”) and κούρος (koúros, “boy”), Latin creāre (“produce, create, bring forth”) and Ceres (“goddess of agriculture”). Doublet of croissant.
The pronunciation with /z/ is a comparatively recent innovation due to the influence of words such as pheasant and present.

der

Something shaped like a crescent, especially:

(heraldry) The emblem of the waxing moon with horns directed upward, when used in a coat of arms; often used as a mark of cadency to distinguish a second son and his descendants.

makaava kuu

heraldry: waxing Moon with horns directed upward


canton

1530s, from Middle French canton, from Old French canton (“corner”); heraldic sense from the 1570s, geographic sense from c. 1600.

The king gave us the arms of England to be borne in a canton in our arms.

1662 August 31 (Gregorian calendar), John Evelyn, “[Diary entry for 21 August 1662]”, in William Bray, editor, Memoirs, Illustrative of the Life and Writings of John Evelyn, […], 2nd edition, volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […]; and sold by John and Arthur Arch, […], published 1819, →OCLC:

(heraldry) A division of a shield occupying one third of the chief, usually on the dexter side, formed by a perpendicular line from the top meeting a horizontal line from the side.


canton

→ German: Kanton

Inherited from Middle French canton, from Old French canton (from the 1240s), from Old Occitan canton (“corner; canton”) (recorded before 1218), adopted in Occitan from North Italian (Gallo-Italic, early Lombard) cantone (“edge, corner; canton”), ultimately representing Latin cant- (“rim (of a wheel)”) with the addition of the -ō (accusative -ōnem) suffix forming augmentatives in Romance.


clef

(heraldry) key; the device as shown on a coat of arms


Agnus Dei

en-noun

Agnus Dei (plural Agnus Deis or Agnus Dei)

Borrowed from Latin Agnus Deī (“Lamb of God”).

(Roman Catholicism, heraldry) A small model, picture, or heraldic representation of a lamb with a cross and sometimes a flag (usually white with a red cross).


closet

→ Czech: klozet

→ Polish: klozet

→ Spanish: clóset

→ Welsh: closet

From Middle English closet, from Old French closet, from clos (“private space”) + -et (diminutive suffix), from Latin clausum. Equivalent to close + -et, but generally applied in French solely to small open-air enclosures.

cupboard

storage area set into a wall, used for storing food or dishware

cupboard

piece of furniture, used for storing food or dishware

Coordinate term: barrulet

A Closset is the halfe of the Barre, and tenne of them maie be borne in one fielde.

1572, J. Bossewell, Wks. Armorie, page 12:

(heraldry) An ordinary similar to a bar but half as broad.


stella

Inherited from Latin stēlla, from Proto-Italic *stērlā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr. Doublet of étoile.


Schlüssel

de-noun

Schlüssel m (strong, genitive Schlüssels, plural Schlüssel, diminutive Schlüsselchen n or Schlüssellein n)

Schlüssels (genitive)
Schlüssel (plural)
Schlüsselchen (diminutive neuter)
Schlüssellein (diminutive neuter)
Schlüssel (nominative singular)
Schlüssel (definite nominative plural)
Schlüssels (genitive singular)
Schlüssel (definite genitive plural)
Schlüssel (dative singular)
Schlüsseln (dative definite plural)
Schlüssel (accusative singular)
Schlüssel (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German slüzzel, from Old High German sluzzil, from Proto-Germanic *slutilaz, which is derived from Proto-Germanic *sleutaną (“to close”). Cognate with Dutch sleutel and English slot.

Short for certain compounds, such as Schraubenschlüssel (“screw-wrench”) or Notenschlüssel (“clef”).


Adler

Adler m (strong, genitive Adlers, plural Adler, feminine Adlerin)

Adlers (genitive)
Adler (plural)
Adlerin (feminine)
Adler (nominative singular)
Adler (definite nominative plural)
Adlers (genitive singular)
Adler (definite genitive plural)
Adler (dative singular)
Adlern (dative definite plural)
Adler (accusative singular)
Adler (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German adler, adelar, adelare, equivalent to edel (“noble”) + Aar (“eagle”). When Aar started assuming a more general meaning of "bird of prey suitable for hunting or falconry", the term Adelaar (edler Aar) emerged to distinguish eagles from other hunting birds such as falcons and hawks.

(heraldry) eagle, as used on a coat of arms


wyvern

Alteration of Middle English wyver (“viper”), borrowed from Old Northern French wivre, from Latin vīpera (“viper; snake, serpent”). Doublet of weever and viper.

The jargon of heraldry, its griffins, its moldwarps, its wyverns, and its dragons.

1814 July 7, [Walter Scott], Waverley; or, ’Tis Sixty Years Since. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), Edinburgh: […] James Ballantyne and Co. for Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, →OCLC:

Notions of freedom are tied up in drink / Our ideal life contains a tavern / Where man may sit and talk of or just think / All without fear of the nighted wyvern, / Or yet another tavern where it appears.

1940-54 The Collected Poetry of Malcolm Lowry, "WE SIT UNHACKLED DRUNK AND MAD TO EDIT", UBC Press,1992, p.222

(heraldry, mythology, fantasy) A draconian creature possessing wings, only two legs and usually a barbed tail.


caltrop

From Middle English calketrappe, from Old English calcatrippe (“plant that trips”), from Medieval Latin calcatrippa (“thistle”), from Latin calx or calcare + trappa.

inh

[…] her father, the emperor Alexius, who reigned AD 1081-1118, ordered caltrops to be cast in front of his archers […]

1858, The journal of the British Archaeological Association:

By Sung times, several different types of caltrops had been developed. As in earlier times, both caltrops could be made from both wood and iron...

1954, Joseph Needham, Ling Wang, Science and civilisation in China:

Caltrops, tetrahedrons, and similar devices are designed to puncture vehicle tires or limit foot traffic. The standard design has four points.

2000, Alan Vick, Aerospace operations in urban environments: exploring new concepts:

(weaponry) A small, metal object with spikes arranged so that, when thrown onto the ground, one always faces up as a threat to pedestrians, horses, and vehicles (also used as a heraldic charge).


avellane

From Italian avellana (“filbert”), from Latin Avella or Abella, a city of Campania.

Cross double fruitagée, or a mascle with four fruitages, or avellanes, joined to the points thereof in cross. See Pl. 5, fig. 19.

1830, Thomas Robson, The British Herald:


kula

kula (indefinite nominative singular)
kulas (genitive indefinite singular)
kulan (definite nominative singular)
kulans (definite genitive singular)
kulor (indefinite nominative plural)
kulors (genitive indefinite plural)
kulorna (definite nominative plural)
kulornas (definite genitive plural)

→ Finnish: kuula

From Old Norse kúla (“lump, swelling”), with the meaning of "sphere" influenced by Middle Low German kule (“depression, bulge”) and German Kugel (“ball, sphere, bullet”).


pile

From Middle English pile, from Old English pīl, from Latin pīlum (“heavy javelin”). Cognate with Dutch pijl, German Pfeil. Doublet of pilum.

(heraldry) One of the ordinaries or subordinaries having the form of a wedge, usually placed palewise, with the broadest end uppermost.


pile

→ English: pile

→ Haitian Creole: anpil

→ Khmer: ពិល (pɨl)

→ Malagasy: pila

→ Rade: pil

→ Turkish: pil (“battery”)

→ Vietnamese: pin

Inherited from Old French, from Latin pīla (through Italian pila for the “battery” sense). The “tail of a coin” sense is probably derived from previous senses, but it's not known for sure.


pal

From Old French pal (12th c.), variant of pel, from Latin pālus (“stake, pole”). Doublet of pieu. The Trésor informatisé considers Old French pal a learned borrowing, but it might be a dialectal variant instead.


épée

Inherited from Middle French espee, from Old French espee, from Latin spatha, from Ancient Greek σπάθη (spáthē). Doublet of spathe, a borrowing from Latin, and espade, a borrowing from Occitan.

(heraldry) sword; the weapon as shown on a coat of arms


bro

bro (indefinite nominative singular)
bros (genitive indefinite singular)
bron (definite nominative singular)
brons (definite genitive singular)
broar (indefinite nominative plural)
broars (genitive indefinite plural)
broarna (definite nominative plural)
broarnas (definite genitive plural)

From Old East Norse brō, from Proto-Germanic *brōwō (“bridge; brow”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰruH- (“beam; bridge”), which may be the same root as *h₃bʰrúHs (“(eye)brow”), whence bryn. Compare Norwegian Bokmål bro, Icelandic brú (“bridge”).

Stan mellan broarna

The town between the bridges (Stockholm old town)

Släpp ingen djävul över bron, håll ut en stund ännu!

Let no devil across the bridge, hold out yet a while!

bridge (a construction that spans a divide)

road bank (a road reenforced with stone or timber, in particular across wetlands)


grip

Gripen


dolphin

From Middle English delphyn, from Latin delphīnus, from Ancient Greek δελφίς (delphís), from δελφύς (delphús, “womb”); the modern form in -ol- is probably influenced by the pronunciation of Middle French dauphin. Compare Swedish delfin. Doublet of dauphin. Displaced native Old English mereswīn (literally “sea pig”).

ncog

(heraldry) A depiction of a fish, with a broad indented fin, usually embowed.


foil

en-noun

foil (countable and uncountable, plural foils)

From Middle English foyle, from Middle French fueille, from Old French fueille (“plant leaf”), from Late Latin folia, the plural of folium, mistaken as a singular feminine.
The literary sense is from the practice of backing a gem with metal foil to make it shine more brilliantly.
Doublet of folio and folium, distantly also with phyllo and phyllon.


riband

riband (countable and uncountable, plural ribands)

(heraldry) A narrow diminutive of the bend, thinner than a bendlet.


tierce

From Old French tierce, from Latin tertia.

(heraldry) An ordinary that covers the left or right third of the field of a shield or flag.


garb

From French gerbe; akin to German Garbe. Doublet of gerbe.


lada

lada (indefinite nominative singular)
ladas (genitive indefinite singular)
ladan (definite nominative singular)
ladans (definite genitive singular)
lador (indefinite nominative plural)
ladors (genitive indefinite plural)
ladorna (definite nominative plural)
ladornas (definite genitive plural)

barn, an unheated building used for storage of hay and similar.


roundel

From Middle English roundel, rundel, rondel, from Old French rondel (“something round and flat”), a diminutive of rond (“round”). More at round.

der

(heraldry) A circular spot; a charge in the form of a small coloured circle.

koek

heraldry: a circular spot; a charge in the form of a small coloured circle


Schwert

de-noun

Schwert n (strong, genitive Schwertes or Schwerts, plural Schwerter)

Schwertes (genitive)
Schwerts (genitive)
Schwerter (plural)
Schwert (nominative singular)
Schwerter (definite nominative plural)
Schwertes (genitive singular)
Schwerts (genitive singular)
Schwerter (definite genitive plural)
Schwert (dative singular)
Schwerte (dative singular)
Schwertern (dative definite plural)
Schwert (accusative singular)
Schwerter (accusative definite plural)

Akademie-Verlag
Berlin
Wolfgang Pfeifer (etymologist)

From Middle High German swert, from Old High German swert (attested since the 8th century); from Proto-West Germanic *swerd, from Proto-Germanic *swerdą, from Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“to fester, to cut”).
Germanic cognates with identical meaning include Hunsrik Schweert, Low German Sweerd, Dutch zwaard, Afrikaans swaard, English sword, West Frisian swurd, Danish sværd, Norwegian sverd, Swedish svärd, Icelandic sverð, Faroese svørð.
The further etymology outside the Germanic branch is currently unknown. *swerdą, swerða- seems to be a nominal derivative with dental suffix originating from Indo-European *swer- and may, thus, be a cognate to German schwären (“to fester”).


spada

desctree

→ Polish: szpada
→ Russian: шпага (špaga)
→ Romanian: șpagă

From earlier spata, from Latin spatha, from Ancient Greek σπάθη (spáthē), from Proto-Indo-European *sph₂dʰh₁éh₂, derived from *(s)peh₂- (“to draw”) + *dʰeh₁- (“to do; to put”) + *-eh₂ (feminine noun ending). Doublet of spata.


gusset

From Middle English gusset, gysset, from Old French gosset, gousset (“the hollow of the armpit”).

(heraldry) An ordinary on a coat of arms, resembling a gusset (see usage notes).

gousset

heraldry: an abatement or mark of dishonor in a coat of arms


Löwe

de-noun

Löwe m (weak, genitive Löwen, plural Löwen, diminutive Löwchen n, feminine Löwin)

Löwen (genitive)
Löwen (plural)
Löwchen (diminutive neuter)
Löwin (feminine)
Löwe (nominative singular)
Löwen (definite nominative plural)
Löwen (genitive singular)
Löwen (definite genitive plural)
Löwen (dative singular)
Löwen (dative definite plural)
Löwen (accusative singular)
Löwen (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German lewe, löuwe, lauwe, from Old High German lewo, lēo, from Proto-West Germanic *lewo, *lēwo (“lion”). The spelling -ew- in Middle High German generally represents a diphthong [øy̯(w)], and accordingly the expected form in Modern German is Leu(e) (cf. freuen). The form Löwe with a monophthong and consonantal -w- is most readily explained from a long-vowel variant lēwe, which would correspond to Dutch leeuw.

inh

(heraldry) lion, as used on a coat of arms


fusil

From Middle English fusill, from Old French fusel, fuisel, from a late Latin diminutive of Latin fūsus (“spindle”).

(heraldry) A bearing of a rhomboidal figure, originally representing a spindle in shape, longer than a heraldic lozenge.


pala

Borrowed from Latin pāla (“shovel, bezel”). Doublet of pá.


barre

→ English: barre

→ Romanian: bară

→ Vietnamese: ba-rê

From Middle French barre, from Old French barre (“beam, bar, gate, barrier”), from Vulgar Latin *barra, of uncertain origin. Perhaps from Old Frankish *bara (“bar, beam, barrier, fence”), from Proto-Germanic *barō (“beam, bar, barrier”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerH- (“to strike, pierce”).
If so, then cognate with Old High German para, bara (“bar, beam, one's cherished land”), Middle Dutch bāre, baer (“bar, barrier, rail”), Old Frisian ber (“attack, assault”), Swedish bärling (“a spoke”), Norwegian berling (“a small bar in a vehicle, rod”), Latin forus (“gangway, plank”), Russian забо́р (zabór, “fencing, paling, fence”), Ancient Greek φάρος (pháros, “piece of land, furrow, marker, beacon, lighthouse”).
An alternative etymology derives Old French barre and Vulgar Latin *barra from a Celtic source related to Breton barri (“branch, twig”).
Doublet of bar.


crux

→ French: crux

From Latin crux (“cross, wooden frame for execution”), possibly from the Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to turn, to bend”). Doublet of cross and crouch (“cross”).


capo

From Vulgar Latin capus, from Latin caput, from Proto-Italic *kaput, from Proto-Indo-European *káput. Doublet of chef.


balk

From Old Swedish balker, from Old Norse bialki, bǫlkr, from Proto-Germanic *balkuz, from *balkô (“beam, plank”).


baton

Alternative forms: batune, baston

Coordinate term: scrape

(heraldry) A bend with the ends cut off, resembling a baton, typically borne sinister, and often used as a mark of cadency, initially for both legitimate and illegitimate children, but later chiefly for illegitimate children.

Bastardfaden

especially when marking illegitimacy; sometimes extending across the shield (without the ends cut off)


leone

it-noun

leone m (plural leoni, feminine leonessa, diminutive leoncèllo or leoncìno)

leoni (plural)
leonessa (feminine)
leoncèllo (diminutive)
leoncìno (diminutive)


dance

Related to dancy, dancetté, French danché.

Received Pronunciation, Cockney, Estuary, Jamaica

The fact appears to have been that Simon de Montacute bore two coats; the one, Argent, three fusils, which it is most probable was a corruption of a fess dancette, or a dance, Gules; and the other, Azure, a griffin segreant[…]

1828, Sir Nicholas Harris Nicolas, Walter (of Exeter), The Siege of Carlaverock in the XXVIII Edward I. A. D. MCCC, page 243:

It is as follows - being headed by a shield of arms in colours - gold with a dance gules between three croslets fitchy gules.

1902, The Ancestor: A Quarterly Review of County and Family History, Heraldry and Antiquities ..., page 85:

Or, a dance gules, in chief 3 lions' faces sable.

1922, Miscellanea Genealogica Et Heraldica, page 189:

(heraldry) A normally horizontal stripe called a fess that has been modified to zig-zag across the center of a coat of arms from dexter to sinister.


pila

(heraldry) pile (one of the standard geometric designs placed across the center of a coat of arms, such as a pale or fess)


pila

→ Bikol Central: pila

Inherited from Latin pīla (“pillar”). Compare French pile.


pall

From Middle English pal, palle, from Old English pæl, pæll, from Old French paile and Latin pallium (“cloak; covering”) (and thus a doublet of pallium), probably from palla (“piece of cloth worn as apparel”) (possibly from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (“to cover, wrap; hide, skin; cloth”)) + -ium (suffix forming abstract nouns).

der

The flag of South Africa has a green pall

(heraldry) A charge representing an archbishop's pallium, having the form of the letter Y, sometimes charged with crosses.


corona

→ Karao: korona

Inherited from Old Spanish corona, from Latin corōna (“crown”), from Ancient Greek κορώνη (korṓnē, “garland, wreath”).


fascia

From Latin fascia. Compare Spanish faja, Portuguese faixa, Romanian fașă.


galley

en-noun

galley (plural galleys or (obsolete) gallies)

galleys (plural)
gallies (obsolete plural)

From Middle English galeie, from Old French galee, from Latin galea, from Byzantine Greek γάλεα (gálea) of unknown origin, probably from Ancient Greek γαλέη (galéē), a kind of a small fish, from γαλεός (galeós, “dog-fish or small shark”). Doublet of galea.

(heraldry) A representation of a single masted ship propelled by oars, with three flags and a basket.


chef

Inherited from Middle French chief, from Old French chief, from Vulgar Latin capus, from Latin caput (“head”), from Proto-Italic *kaput, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kauput-, *kaput-. Doublet of cap.

d’or au chef de gueules

(heraldry) chief; top third of a coat of arms


fret

From Middle English frēten (“to decorate”), from Old French freté, freter, fretter (“to fret (decorate with an interlacing pattern)”), from Old French fret (from fraindre (“to break”), from Latin frangō (“to break, shatter”), from Proto-Italic *frangō, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreg- (“to break”)) + Old French -er (suffix forming verbs) (from Latin -āre, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃enh₂- (“to burden, charge”)).

der

DIAPERED, or Diapre, in heraldry, the dividing of a field in planes, like fret-work, and filling the ſame with variety of figures. This chiefly obtains on bordures, which are diapered or fretted over, and the frets charged with things proper for bordures.

1764, Temple Henry Croker, Thomas Williams, Samuel Clark [et al.], “DIAPERED”, in The Complete Dictionary of Arts and Sciences, volume I, London: Printed for the authors, and sold by J. Wilson & J. Fell, Pater-noster Row; [et al.], →OCLC:

(heraldry) A saltire interlaced with a mascle.


étoile

Haitian Creole: zetwal

Mauritian Creole: zetwal

Seychellois Creole: zetwal

→ English: étoile, etoile

→ Italian: étoile

From Middle French estoile, from Old French estoile, esteile, from Late Latin stēla, from Latin stēlla. Doublet of Estelle.


mullet

From Middle English molet, from Old French molette (“rowel”).

Grogan, Creation of 1859, or Moyvore, Westmeath. [...] Arms,—Barry of sex or and sable, on a chief engrailed azure a lion passant of the first. Crest,—A lion's head erased sable, charged with a mullet or.

1871, Debrett's illustrated baronetage and knightage (and companionage) of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, page 215:

(heraldry) A star with straight edges and usually with five or six points.


attire

en-noun

attire (countable and uncountable, plural attires)

From Middle English atyren, atiren, from Old French atirier (“to equip”), from a- + tire (“rank”), akin to German Zier (“ornament”) and Old Norse tírr (“glory, renown”).

The latter sign, however, may have some heraldic significance, as Larwood and Hotten mention a London token of 1666 on which a horseshoe is represented within a pair of antlers or deer's attires.

1887, Miller Christy, The Trade Signs of Essex: A Popular Account of the Origin and Meanings of the Public House & Other Signs Now Or Formerly Found in the County of Essex, page 51:

(heraldry) The single horn of a goat, deer or stag.


fillet

From Middle English filet, vylette, felet, filette, flette, from Old French filet, diminutive of fil (“thread”), from Latin fīlum (“thread”).

(heraldry) An ordinary equal in breadth to one quarter of the chief, to the lowest portion of which it corresponds in position.


lily

From Middle English lilie, from Old English lilie, from Latin līlia, plural of līlium, from Ancient Greek λείριον (leírion). See there for more.

(heraldry) The flower used as a heraldic charge; also commonly used to describe the fleur-de-lis.


barra

From Vulgar Latin barra, perhaps from Gaulish. Doublet of bar.


barra

From Vulgar Latin *barra, possibly from Gaulish *barros (“the bushy end”), cognate with French barre and English bar. Doublet of bar.


barra

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *barra, possibly from Gaulish *barros (“the bushy end”), cognate with French barre and English bar. Doublet of bar.


banda

14th century. From Old French bande, bende, from Frankish *bindā, bindu, from Proto-Germanic *bindō (“band”).

c. 1350, Kelvin M. Parker (ed.), Historia Troyana. Santiago: Instituto Padre Sarmiento, page 129

Pytagoras was a very good knight and very valiant, and he was wearing a shield of silver and red, with traversal bands

Pytagoras era moy bõo caualeyro et moy ardido, et tragia hũ escudo de argẽte et de vermello cõ bandas ao traues


banda

From Old Occitan, of Germanic origin, from Frankish *bindā (“tie, join, link”). Compare French bande.


banda

Borrowed from French bande (“ribbon”), from Frankish *bindā (“join, link”).


banda

→ English: banda

Borrowed from French bande (“ribbon; group, gang”).


goccia

From gocciare or from a Vulgar Latin *guttia or *guttea, from Latin gutta.


borg

From Old Swedish borgh (“fortress, city”), from Old Norse borg (also "bulwark", "wall'), from Proto-Germanic *burgz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerǵʰ-. Akin to English borough, burgh, Old Irish bri (hence the name Birgitta).


billet

From Middle English billet, bylet, belet, billette, from Old French billette, from bille (“log, tree trunk”), from Vulgar Latin *bilia, probably of Gaulish origin (compare Old Irish bile (“tree”)).

(heraldry) A rectangle used as a charge on an escutcheon.


obelisk

obelisk (indefinite nominative singular)
obelisks (genitive indefinite singular)
obelisken (definite nominative singular)
obeliskens (definite genitive singular)
obelisker (indefinite nominative plural)
obeliskers (genitive indefinite plural)
obeliskerna (definite nominative plural)
obeliskernas (definite genitive plural)


Blume

de-noun

Blume f (genitive Blume, plural Blumen, diminutive Blümelein n or Blümlein n or Blümchen n)

Blume (genitive)
Blumen (plural)
Blümelein (diminutive neuter)
Blümlein (diminutive neuter)
Blümchen (diminutive neuter)
Blume (nominative singular)
Blumen (definite nominative plural)
Blume (genitive singular)
Blumen (definite genitive plural)
Blume (dative singular)
Blumen (dative definite plural)
Blume (accusative singular)
Blumen (accusative definite plural)

→ Silesian: bluma

From Middle High German bluome, from Old High German bluomo, from Proto-West Germanic *blōmō (“flower”).

Blumen sind häufig ein Bestandteil von Symbolen auf Flaggen und Wappen

Flowers are often a building block of symbols on flags.

Die Blume, welche England symbolisiert, ist die rote Rose

The flower which symbolizes England is the red rose.

(heraldry) flower (symbol representing a flower)


endorse

Alteration influenced by Medieval Latin indorsare of Middle English endosse, from Old French endosser (“to put on the back”), from Latin dossum, alternative form of dorsum (“back”), from which also dorsal (“of the back”). That is, the ‘r’ was dropped in Latin dossum, which developed into Old French and then Middle English endosse, and then the ‘r’ was re-introduced into English via the Medieval Latin indorsare, which had retained the ‘r’. Note that the alternative spelling indorse also uses the initial ‘i’ from Latin (in-, rather than en-), but this form is now rare.

der

(heraldry) A diminutive of the pale, usually appearing in pairs on either side of a pale.


barrulet

Coordinate term: closet

(heraldry) The smallest diminutive of the bar, one quarter as wide.


croix

Haitian Creole: kwa

Inherited from Middle French croix, from Old French croix, crois, from the Latin crucem. Doublet of crux, croiseur, and cruiser.

croix de bois, croix de fer, si je mens, je vais en enfer

(heraldry) a representation of a cross; the cross as a heraldic symbol


giglio

From Latin lilium, from Ancient Greek λείριον (leírion).


bande

→ Portuguese: banda

→ Turkish: bant

→ Persian: باند (bând)

From Old French bande, of Germanic origin, from Frankish *bindā (“join, link”), cognate with English bind.


annulet

(heraldry) A small circle borne as a charge in coats of arms.


vol

(heraldry) A heraldic symbol consisting of a pair of outstretched wings, often conjoined at their shoulders.


chiave

From Latin clāvem, from Proto-Italic *klāwis, of ultimately Proto-Indo-European origin.


fusée

→ Polish: fuzja

→ Turkish: füze

From Old French *fus (whence fuseau) + -ée.


dauphin

Haitian Creole: dofen

Inherited from Old French dalphin, from Latin delphinus.

(heraldry) dolphin; the animal used as a charge


jefe

es-noun

jefe m (plural jefes, feminine jefa or jefe, feminine plural jefas or jefes)

jefes (plural)
jefa (feminine)
jefe (feminine)
jefas (feminine plural)
jefes (feminine plural)

→ English: jefe

→ Bikol Central: hepe

→ Cebuano: hepe

→ Tagalog: hepe

Inherited from Old Spanish xefe, from Old French chief, from Latin caput. Compare Portuguese chefe. Doublet of cabo and chef.


palo

From Latin pālus, from Proto-Italic *pākslos, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ǵ-slos, from *peh₂ǵ-.


cruz

From Old Galician-Portuguese cruz, from Latin crux, crucem (“cross”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to turn, to bend”).


cruz

Kabuverdianu: krus

Papiamentu: krus

→ Bengali: ক্রুশ (kruś)

→ Hindi: क्रूश (krūś)

desc

→ Malayalam: കുരിശ് (kuriśŭ), ക്രൂശ് (krūśŭ)

→ Sinhalese: කුරුසය (kurusaya)

→ Tamil: குருசு (kurucu)

→ Old Tupi: kurusá
Nheengatu: kurusá

LL-Q5146 (por)-Nelson Ricardo 2500-cruz.wav

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese cruz, from Latin crucem (“cross”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to turn, to bend”).


cruz

→ Guaraní: kurusu

→ Southeastern Tepehuan: kuruus

→ Tagalog: krus


escutcheon

/ɪˈskʌt͡ʃən/

From Middle English scochon, from Anglo-Norman escuchon, Old French escusson (French écusson), ultimately from Latin scutum (“shield”). Related to scutum, scute, scudo, escudo, and écu.

(heraldry) A small shield used to charge a larger one.


fleur-de-lis

en-noun

fleur-de-lis (plural fleurs-de-lis or fleur-de-lises or fleur-de-lisses)

fleurs-de-lis (plural)
fleur-de-lises (plural)
fleur-de-lisses (plural)

From earlier flower-de-luce, from Middle English flourdelis, from Anglo-Norman flour de lis (“lily flower”); later remodelled after modern French fleur de lis (“lily flower”).

der

Adorned all with gemmes of endlesse price, […] And all embost with Lyons and with Flour-delice.

1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book V, Canto IX”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:

And waſh the Sanguin’d Fleur-de-Liſſes white.

a. 1700?, The Pepys Ballads, published 1987, page 73:

The pillars of the door that opens to this room are compoſed of pikes, on the top of which are two coats of mail, probably thoſe of John king of France, and David king of Scotland, who were priſoners here: they are both inlaid with gold, and are ornamented with fleur-de-liſſes and thiſtles.

1779, Charles Burlington, “Berkshire”, in The Modern Universal British Traveller; or, A New, Complete, and Accurate Tour through England, Wales, Scotland, and the Neighbouring Islands. Comprising All That Is Worthy of Observation in Great Britain. […], London: […] J. Cooke, […], part I (England), book III (The Western Circle of England), chapter section II (Topographical Description of Berkshire), pages 366–367:

The tressure flowerie encompasses the lion of Scotland, to shew that he should defend the fleur-de-lisses, and these to continue a defence to the lion, the ancient imperial ensign of Scotland since Fergus I.

1818, Hugh Clark, “A Dictionary of the Technical Terms Used in the Science of Heraldry. Part II.”, in A Short and Easy Introduction to Heraldry, in Two Parts. […], the ninth edition, London: […] Edward Edwards, […]; and Rodwell and Martin, […], entry “Tressure”, page 252:

Just then, an attendant to whom the Queen had whispered returned; and taking a small case from her hand, Anne produced a bracelet somewhat similar to the very one with which Francesca had parted, excepting that it had her cipher, surrounded by a wreath of fleurs-de-lis. "Louis, will you offer this to Mademoiselle Carrara?"

1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XXIV, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume I, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 290:

“We was not ridin’ with a shipment of fleur-de-lisses,” Phineas countered.

1942 December, Joe Archibald, “Pot Luck”, in Flying Aces, page 29:

One room has a pink marble bathroom with a gold fleur de lys pattern around the tub.

2013 April 26, Lesley Gillian, The Guardian:

(heraldry) A design representing a flower whose three petals are joined together at the bottom (⚜, ⚜), often used in heraldry, where it is particularly associated with the French monarchy.


fess

From Middle English fesse, from Old French fesse, an alteration of faisse, from Latin fascia. Cognate with fajita, fascia, and fascism.

Lord Robert Walsingham de Vere St. Simon, second son of the Duke of Balmoral—Hum! Arms: Azure, three caltrops in chief over a fess sable.

1892, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Adventure of the Noble Bachelor, Norton, published 2005, page 294:

The space where the arms of Wolsey used to be is being repainted with his own newly granted arms: azure, on a fess between three lions rampant or, a rose gules, barbed vert, between two Cornish choughs proper.

2009, Hilary Mantel, Wolf Hall, Fourth Estate, published 2010, page 420:

(heraldry) A horizontal band across the middle of the shield.


chevron

From Middle English cheveroun, from Old French [Term?], the mark so called because it looks like rafters of a shallow roof, from Vulgar Latin *capriō, from Latin caper (“goat”), the likely connection between goats and rafters being the animal's horns.

(heraldry) A wide inverted V placed on a shield.


chevron

→ English: chevron

→ Russian: шевро́н (ševrón)

Inherited from Old French, from Vulgar Latin *capriōnem, from *capreus, cf. also caprone. Ultimately from Latin caper (“goat”).


lozenge

From Middle English losenge, from Old French losenge (“rhombus”), from Old French *lose (“flag-stone”), from Vulgar Latin *lausa.

Wherein the decussis is made within a longilaterall square, with opposite angles, acute and obtuse at the intersection; and so upon progression making a Rhombus or Lozenge figuration [...].

1658, Sir Thomas Browne, The Garden of Cyrus, Folio Society, published 2007, page 167:

How the junior partner of Hobbs and Dobbs leads her smiling to the carriage with the lozenge upon it, and the fat wheezy coachman!

1848, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter 9, in Vani8ty Fair:

The floor is constructed from marble lozenges and triangles of every imaginable hue: yellow and pink and all manner of mottled and blotched shades, framed in white.

2004, Richard Fortey, The Earth, Folio Society, published 2011, page 14:

(shapes, heraldry) A thin rhombus, having two acute and two obtuse angles.


ruta

ruta (indefinite nominative singular)
rutas (genitive indefinite singular)
rutan (definite nominative singular)
rutans (definite genitive singular)
rutor (indefinite nominative plural)
rutors (genitive indefinite plural)
rutorna (definite nominative plural)
rutornas (definite genitive plural)

→ Finnish: ruutu

From Middle Low German rūte, from Old High German rūta, probably from Latin rūta (“rue”). Cognates include Danish rude, Norwegian Bokmål rute and German Raute (“rhomb”).

lozenge (diamond-shaped heraldic charge)


Bord

de-noun

Bord n (strong, genitive Bordes or Bords, plural Borde)

Bordes (genitive)
Bords (genitive)
Borde (plural)
Bord (nominative singular)
Borde (definite nominative plural)
Bordes (genitive singular)
Bords (genitive singular)
Borde (definite genitive plural)
Bord (dative singular)
Borde (dative singular)
Borden (dative definite plural)
Bord (accusative singular)
Borde (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German bort, from Old High German bort, from Proto-West Germanic *bord. The modern form and sense is from Middle Low German bort (inflected bord-), from Old Saxon bord, also from Proto-West Germanic *bord.


monument

monument (indefinite nominative singular)
monuments (genitive indefinite singular)
monumentet (definite nominative singular)
monumentets (definite genitive singular)
monumenter (indefinite nominative plural)
monumenters (genitive indefinite plural)
monumenterna (definite nominative plural)
monumenternas (definite genitive plural)


Mond

Mond m (strong, genitive Mondes or Monds, plural Monde)

Mondes (genitive)
Monds (genitive)
Monde (plural)
Mond (nominative singular)
Monde (definite nominative plural)
Mondes (genitive singular)
Monds (genitive singular)
Monde (definite genitive plural)
Mond (dative singular)
Monde (dative singular)
Monden (dative definite plural)
Mond (accusative singular)
Monde (accusative definite plural)
Mond (nominative singular)
Monden (definite nominative plural)
Monden (genitive singular)
Monden (definite genitive plural)
Monden (dative singular)
Monden (dative definite plural)
Monden (accusative singular)
Monden (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German māne, from Old High German māno, from Proto-West Germanic *mānō. Later forms of the Middle High German word, mānde, had a final dental due to confusion with mānōt (“month”) (modern Monat).
Cognates
See also Dutch maan, English moon, Swedish måne, Icelandic máni; also Monat.
Further Indo-European cognates: Latin mēnsis (“month”), Ancient Greek μήν (mḗn, “month”), Sanskrit मास (māsa, “moon”), Russian месяц (mesjac, “moon; month”), Lithuanian mėnulis, Persian ماه (mâh, “moon, month”), Tocharian A mañ

(heraldry) moon (often used to describe a crescent)


Ring

Ring m (strong, genitive Ringes or Rings, plural Ringe, diminutive Ringchen n or Ringlein n)

Ringes (genitive)
Rings (genitive)
Ringe (plural)
Ringchen (diminutive neuter)
Ringlein (diminutive neuter)
Ring (nominative singular)
Ringe (definite nominative plural)
Ringes (genitive singular)
Rings (genitive singular)
Ringe (definite genitive plural)
Ring (dative singular)
Ringe (dative singular)
Ringen (dative definite plural)
Ring (accusative singular)
Ringe (accusative definite plural)

From Old High German ring, from Proto-West Germanic *hring, from Proto-Germanic *hringaz, cognate with Danish ring, Dutch ring, English ring, Swedish ring.

(heraldry) an annulet (ring used as a charge)


Stab

Stab m (strong, genitive Stabes or Stabs, plural Stäbe, diminutive Stäbchen n)

Stabes (genitive)
Stabs (genitive)
Stäbe (plural)
Stäbchen (diminutive neuter)
Stab (nominative singular)
Stäbe (definite nominative plural)
Stabes (genitive singular)
Stabs (genitive singular)
Stäbe (definite genitive plural)
Stab (dative singular)
Stabe (dative singular)
Stäben (dative definite plural)
Stab (accusative singular)
Stäbe (accusative definite plural)

Polish: sztab m

Russian: штаб m (štab)

Etymological Dictionary of the German Language

de:Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

From Middle High German stap, stab, from Old High German stab, from Proto-West Germanic *stab.
Cognate with English staff, Dutch staf, Swedish stav, Old Norse stafr. The meaning co-workers is secondary: in the German word Generalstab (“General Staff”) the meaning changed from the staff as a symbol of authority to the group of military officers and later to any group of co-workers.


Stern

Stern m (strong, genitive Sternes or Sterns, plural Sterne, diminutive Sternchen n or Sternlein n)

Sternes (genitive)
Sterns (genitive)
Sterne (plural)
Sternchen (diminutive neuter)
Sternlein (diminutive neuter)
Stern (nominative singular)
Sterne (definite nominative plural)
Sternes (genitive singular)
Sterns (genitive singular)
Sterne (definite genitive plural)
Stern (dative singular)
Sterne (dative singular)
Sternen (dative definite plural)
Stern (accusative singular)
Sterne (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German stërne, from Old High German sterno, from Proto-West Germanic *sternō, from Proto-Germanic *sternǭ, *sternô, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr.
See also Dutch ster (“star”), Old English steorra (“star”) (Modern English star), Danish stjerne (“star”), Swedish stjärna (“star”), Icelandic stjarna (“star”), Gothic 𐍃𐍄𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌽𐍉 (stairnō); also Latin stēlla (“star”), Ancient Greek ἀστήρ (astḗr, “star”) and Sanskrit तारा (tārā, “star”). Doublet of Aster and Star.

fünfzackiger Stern

Davidstern

Sternenbanner

NATO-Stern

der rote Stern

(geometry, heraldry) a star, a mullet, or anything that resembles such an object


Rose

Rose f (genitive Rose, plural Rosen, diminutive Röschen n or Röslein n or Röselein n)

Rose (genitive)
Rosen (plural)
Röschen (diminutive neuter)
Röslein (diminutive neuter)
Röselein (diminutive neuter)
Rose (nominative singular)
Rosen (definite nominative plural)
Rose (genitive singular)
Rosen (definite genitive plural)
Rose (dative singular)
Rosen (dative definite plural)
Rose (accusative singular)
Rosen (accusative definite plural)

→ Serbo-Croatian: roža / рожа

Inherited from Middle High German rôse, from Old High German rōsa, from Latin rosa.

(heraldry) The rose as used in heraldry, on a coat of arms


champagne

→ Catalan: xampany

→ Dutch: champagne

→ English: champagne

→ Korean: 샴페인 (syampein)

→ German: Champagner

→ Greek: σαμπάνια (sampánia)

→ Italian: champagne

desc

→ Norwegian Bokmål: champagne, sjampanje

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: champagne, sjampanje

→ Polish: szampan

→ Portuguese: champanhe, champanha, champagne

→ Spanish: champaña, champán

→ Swedish: champagne

From the region Champagne, from Late Latin campānia (in this case, Campania Remensis specifically), from campāneus, from Latin campus.

(countable, heraldry) base; bottom third of a coat of arms


Keil

de-noun

Keil m (strong, genitive Keiles or Keils, plural Keile)

Keiles (genitive)
Keils (genitive)
Keile (plural)
Keil (nominative singular)
Keile (definite nominative plural)
Keiles (genitive singular)
Keils (genitive singular)
Keile (definite genitive plural)
Keil (dative singular)
Keile (dative singular)
Keilen (dative definite plural)
Keil (accusative singular)
Keile (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German kil, from Old High German kil, from Proto-West Germanic *kīnan (“to split; crack”). Cognate with Vilamovian kajł.


Kreuz

de-noun

Kreuz n (strong, genitive Kreuzes, plural Kreuze, diminutive Kreuzchen n)

Kreuzes (genitive)
Kreuze (plural)
Kreuzchen (diminutive neuter)
Kreuz (nominative singular)
Kreuze (definite nominative plural)
Kreuzes (genitive singular)
Kreuze (definite genitive plural)
Kreuz (dative singular)
Kreuze (dative singular)
Kreuzen (dative definite plural)
Kreuz (accusative singular)
Kreuze (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German kriuze, from Old High German kruzi, from Latin crux (gen. crucis).


grenade

Borrowed from French grenade, from Old French grenate in the phrase pomme grenate (“pomegranate”), ultimately from Medieval Latin pomum (“apple”) + granatum (“having grains”). The -d developed in French under influence of Spanish granada. Doublet of garnet.

(heraldry) A charge similar to a fireball, and made of a disc-shaped bomb shell, but with only one set of flames at the top.


grenade

LL-Q150 (fra)-Mathieu Denel WMFr-grenade.wav

Substantive use of Old French grenate in pomme grenate (“pomegranate”), from dialectal northern Italian pom granat, from Medieval Latin pomum granatum (“seeded fruit”), from Latin grānātum. The -d- developed under influence from Spanish granada.

der

(heraldry) pomegranate (Grenade de guerre is used in French to describe a grenade in English heraldry)


griffon

Inherited from Old French grifon (grif + -on), from Latin grȳphus, gryps, from Ancient Greek γρύψ (grúps).

inh+

(mythology) griffin (legendary creature)


ballet

en-noun

ballet (countable and uncountable, plural ballets)

Borrowed from French ballet, from Italian balletto (“short dance, ballet”), diminutive form of ballo (“group dance”), from Late Latin ballō (“to dance”).

der

9. Peter West, Ar. bears sable Ballets argent a Lyon Rampant.

1741, Richard Izacke, Remarkable Antiquities of the City of Exeter … by Richard Izacke … Second Edition:

(heraldry, uncommon) A (small) ball i.e. roundel on a coat of arms, called a bezant, plate, etc., according to colour.


carbuncle

/ˈkɑɹˌbʌŋ.kl̩/

From Middle English carbuncle, charbocle, from Old French carbuncle, charbuncle, from Latin carbunculus (“a small coal; a reddish kind of precious stone; a kind of tumor”), diminutive of carbō (“a coal, charcoal”). Doublet of Garfinkel and Garfunkel.

(archaic) A deep-red or fiery colored garnet or other dark red precious stone, especially when cut cabochon.

(heraldry) A charge or bearing supposed to represent the precious stone, with eight sceptres or staves radiating from a common centre; an escarbuncle.


arrows

General American, Mary–marry–merry merger

(heraldry) Short darts feathered at the ends.


cockatrice

First attested 1382 as Middle English cocatrice (“basilisk”), from Old French cocatriz, from Late Latin calcātrīx (“she who treads upon something”), from Latin calcō (“tread”), from calx (“heel, hoof”).

“Peace reigns in happy Luxor. The lion lies down with the lamb, and the child, if it will, may harmlessly put its hand into the cockatrice’s den.”

c. 1910, Joseph Walker McSpadden, The Spell of Egypt:

(mythology) A legendary creature about the size and shape of a dragon or wyvern, but in appearance resembling a giant rooster, with some lizard-like characteristics.

For, behold, I will send serpents, cockatrices, among you, which will not be charmed, and they shall bite you, saith the Lord.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Jeremiah 8:17:

(fantasy, folklore) A snake or serpent that appears to be hatched from a rooster, or cock's, egg.

this little cockatrice of a king

1622, Francis, Lord Verulam, Viscount St. Alban [i.e. Francis Bacon], The Historie of the Raigne of King Henry the Seventh, […], London: […] W[illiam] Stansby for Matthew Lownes, and William Barret, →OCLC:

(obsolete, figurative) Any venomous or deadly thing.


biglietto

From French billet, from Old French billette, derived from Latin bulla (“document”).


fyr

Probably a shortening of the Low German firburs, meaning an unemployed craftsman.

Se på luffarn [luffaren] som går här på vägen.
Se på luffarn [luffaren], Guds lille fyr.
Så snart som det blir vår
går han ut och går
för att söka sig äventyr.

1981, “Luffarvisan [The tramp song]”, Astrid Lindgren (lyrics), Gösta Linderholm (music)performed by Allan Edwall, Erik Lindgren:

Look at the tramp walking here on the road.
Look at the tramp, God's little chap.
As soon as spring arrives [as soon as it becomes spring]
he goes out and walks
to seek [himself] adventure.


fyr

From Old Norse fúrr, fýr, fýrir, funi, from Proto-Germanic *fōr, from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂wṓr, earlier *péh₂wōr, collective of *péh₂wr̥.

Fyrarna kunde förses med ledande lysvinklar och medelt kabelanslutning erhålla elektrisk energi för drift av såväl fyr- som mistsignalapparater.

1928, Riksdagens protokoll vid lagtima riksmötet, page 134:

sätta fyr på veden

få veden att ta fyr

(in some expressions) fire (especially when used for heating)


perla

Chavacano: perla, perlas

→ Basque: perla

→ Ilocano: perlas

Unknown, but cognate with Italian perla, French perle and Portuguese pérola. See pearl. The usual Latin word for a pearl was margarīta.


goutte

From Middle English goute, from Old French goutte, goute, gote, from Latin gutta (“drop”). Doublet of gout and gutta.

Per fesse nebuly chequy azure and or, each of the last charged with a goutte of the first, and sable, in base five estoiles, four and one of the second, all within a bordure argent, charged with eight crosses couped gules.

1915, Arthur Charles Fox-Davies, The Book of Public Arms: A Complete Encyclopædia of All Royal, Territorial, Municipal, Corporate, Official, and Impersonal Arms, London : T.C. & E.C. Jack, page 832:

(heraldry) A charge in the form of a teardrop shape, originally with wavy sides, but now often with straight sides.

on a lion rampant argent gouttes purpure

gouté. They may be of various tinctures

that is, semé of an indefinite number of drops


goutte

Inherited from Middle French goutte, from Old French gote, gute, goute, from Latin gutta. The second t was added back in Middle French to reflect the original Latin spelling.


goutte

French: goutte

From Old French gote, goutte, gote, gute.


estrella

Papiamentu: strea

→ Sardinian: streglia (Campidanese)

→ Tagalog: estrelya

Inherited from Old Spanish estrella (compare Galician estrela, Portuguese estrela and Catalan estrella), from Latin stēlla, from Proto-Italic *stērolā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr.

rural northern Spain, Andes Mountains, Paraguay, Philippines


remora

en-noun

remora (plural remora or remorae or remoras)

remora (plural)
remorae (plural)
remoras (plural)

Borrowed from Latin remora (“delay, hindrance, passive resistance”), from the belief that the fish would attach themselves to ships and slow them down, from re- (prefix meaning ‘back, backwards’) + mora (“delay”) (from Proto-Indo-European *mere (“to delay, hinder”), from *(s)mer- (“to fall into thinking, remember; to care for”)).

der

LORD SCARSDALE. [...] On the dexter ſide, the figure of Prudence repreſented by a woman, habited argent, mantled azure, holding in her ſiniſter hand a javelin entwined with a remora proper; [...]

1766 July 23, [Edward] Kimber, “Barons”, in The Peerage of England. […], volume 60, London: Printed for H[enry] Woodfall, […], →OCLC, page 217:


campaña

> Chavacano: campaña (inherited)

→ Cebuano: kampanya

→ Tagalog: kampanya

Inherited from Late Latin campānia (whence also Italian campagna, Portuguese campanha, French champagne), from campāneus, based on Latin campus (“level field”). Doublet of champán or champaña, borrowed from French, and campiña, from Andalusian Arabic.


bastón

From Old French baston (“stick, truncheon”); related to modern French bâton, Italian bastone. Cognate with English baton.


örn

From Old Norse ǫrn, from Proto-Germanic *arô, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃or-no- (“eagle”).


golpe

Unknown. Compare Spanish golpe (“strike, blow”). Perhaps the reference is to a blow leaving a purple bruise, compare the theories about hurt (“blue roundel”).

(heraldry) A roundel purpure (purple circular spot).


grifo

From Old Galician-Portuguese grifo, from Latin grȳphus, gryps, from Ancient Greek γρύψ (grúps).


grifo

Chavacano: grifo

→ Aymara: grifo

→ Cebuano: gripo

→ Hiligaynon: gripo

→ Kapampangan: gripu

→ Maguindanao: gulipu

→ Maranao: giripo

→ Pangasinan: gripo

→ Quechua: grifu

→ Sambali: gripo

→ Tagalog: gripo

→ Tausug: giripu

Borrowed from Late Latin grȳphus, from grȳps, borrowed from Ancient Greek γρύψ (grúps).


anello

From Latin ānellus, diminutive of ānus (“circle”). Compare Catalan anell, French anneau, Portuguese anel, Spanish anillo.


thunderbolt

(heraldry) A charge in the form of two joined bundles with four rays of lightning emerging from them, resembling the thunderbolt of Jupiter.


popinjay

/ˈpɑpənˌd͡ʒeɪ/

From Middle English popinjay, popyngeay, popingay, popejay, from Anglo-Norman papegai, papejoie et al., (northern) Old French papejai (“parrot”), probably from Old Occitan papagay (compare Occitan papagai, Catalan papagai), ultimately from Arabic بَبْغَاء (babḡāʔ, “parrot”), of imitative origin.

(now archaic outside heraldry) A parrot.

Picus viridis
Picus viridis#Translingual

(UK) The green woodpecker, Picus viridis.


gota

Inherited from Old Spanish gota, from Latin gutta. Compare English gout.


llave

→ Bikol Central: lyabe

→ Cebuano: yabe

→ Tagalog: liyabe, yawe

Inherited from Latin clāvis (“key”), from Proto-Italic *klāwis, of ultimately Proto-Indo-European origin. Doublet of clave. Cognate with English clef.

switch (a device to turn electric current on and off or direct its flow)


garter

From Middle English garter, from Old Northern French gartier, from Old French garet (compare Old French jartier, from jaret), from Gaulish *garrā, from Proto-Celtic *garros (“calf, shank”) (compare Cornish gar, Cornish gar,Middle Welsh garr, Old Irish gairr). Cognate with French jarretière.


thistle

From Middle English thistel, from Old English þistel, from Proto-West Germanic *þistil, from Proto-Germanic *þistilaz. *þīh- from *teyg-, which is a variant of Proto-Indo-European *(s)teyg- (“to prick”); from this same Proto-Indo-European root comes English stick.
Cognates include Scots thrissel, German Distel, Dutch distel and Icelandic þistill.

𐍅𐌹𐌲𐌰𐌳𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍉𐌼 f (wigadeinōm) (dative plural; lemma uncertain)


nimbus

Borrowed from Latin nimbus (“dark cloud”). Doublet of nimb.


leeuw

nl-noun

leeuw m (plural leeuwen, diminutive leeuwtje n, feminine leeuwin)

leeuwen (plural)
leeuwtje (diminutive neuter)
leeuwin (feminine)

Afrikaans: leeu

Negerhollands: leeuw

→ Papiamentu: leeuw (dated)

→ Sranan Tongo: lew

From Middle Dutch leeuwe, from Old Dutch lewo, from Latin leō, from Ancient Greek λέων (léōn).

Nederlandse leeuw

Vlaamse leeuw


kruis

head

kruis (plural kruise, diminutive kruisie)

From Dutch kruis, from Middle Dutch crûce, from Old Dutch *krūci, from Latin crux (“cross”).

cross, sign of the cross
(heraldry) saltire


kruis

nl-noun

kruis n (plural kruizen or kruisen, diminutive kruisje n)

kruizen (plural)
kruisen (plural)
kruisje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: kruis

Negerhollands: kroes, cruis, krus

→ Caribbean Javanese: krèis

→ Indonesian: kres

From Middle Dutch crûce, from Old Dutch *krūci, from Latin crux (“cross”).

Het familiewapen had een gouden kruis op een blauw veld.

The family crest had a gold cross on a blue field.

(heraldry) cross (such shape as used in heraldry)


acvilă

acvile (plural)
acvilă (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
acvila (accusative definite nominative singular)
acvile (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
acvilele (accusative definite nominative plural)
acvile (indefinite singular)
acvilei (definite singular)
acvile (indefinite plural)
acvilelor (definite plural)
acvilă (singular vocative)
acvilo (singular vocative)
acvilelor (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Italian aquila or literary Latin aquila. Compare the inherited doublet aceră.

(heraldry) A seal or coat of arms featuring an eagle


águila

→ Cebuano: agila

→ Hiligaynon: agila

→ Tagalog: agila

Inherited from Old Spanish aguila, from Latin aquila. Cognate with French aigle, Italian aquila, Portuguese águia and Romanian aceră.


delfino

→ Romanian: delfin


leão

pt-noun

leão m (plural leões, feminine leoa, feminine plural leoas)

leões (plural)
leoa (feminine)
leoas (feminine plural)

Kabuverdianu: lion

Macanese: leám

Papiamentu: leon

→ Tetum: leaun

From Old Galician-Portuguese leon (“lion”), from Latin leōnem (“lion”), from Ancient Greek λέων (léōn). Cognate with Galician and Spanish león, Catalan lleó, Occitan leon, French lion, Italian leone, and Romanian leu.


ogress

Uncertain. Attested in this form since 1572. The French term ogoesse is only attested later (1611 in an English dictionary, 1690 in a French dictionary) and may be derived from English. The 1486 Book of Coat Armour in the Book of St. Albans says "gonestonys" are called "oglys" in heraldic blazon; perhaps someone in the 1500s misread ogles as ogres(s) and mistook the plural for a singular, compare the use of pommeis (“roundel(s) vert”) as a singular. The form agresses is found in some 18th century works, alongside ogresses.

Beareth Verte, fiue Fermaulxz in Crosse D'Or, a Border d'Argent, charged with eight Ogresses: or, after the French blazon, 'Ogressée de huit pieces'.

1572, John Bossewell, Workes of Armorie, II, 37b:


briquet

→ English: briquet

→ Spanish: briquet

→ Romanian: brichetă

LL-Q150 (fra)-Fabricio Cardenas (Culex)-briquet.wav

Specialised sense of Middle French briquet (“piece, morsel”), from brique.


chefe

chefe m or f by sense (plural chefes, feminine (informal) chefa, feminine plural (informal) chefas)

chefes (plural)
chefa (feminine informal)
chefas (feminine informal plural)

→ Tetum: xefe

Borrowed from French chef, from Old French chief, from Latin caput (“head”), from Proto-Indo-European *kauput-, *káput (“head”). Cognate of Spanish jefe and English chief. Doublet of chef, cabo, caput, and capuz.


sagittary

/ˈsæd͡ʒɪtəɹi/

From Latin sagittarius, from sagitta (“arrow”). Doublet of Sagittarius.

Gules, three Sagittaries - or, three torteaux. Stephen's cognizance was a Sagittary, because he entered England when the Sun was in that sign, and was greatly indebted for his success to mounted archers.

1825, Thomas Dudley Fosbroke, Encyclopaedia of antiquities, and elements of archaeology, classical and mediaeval, page 650:

And all beasts azure are armed gules, and vice versa. The Sagittary is well known as the representation of the […]

1845, Edward Smedley, Hugh James Rose, Henry John Rose, Encyclopaedia Metropolitana: Plates and Maps to the Historical and Miscellaneous Divisions, page 608:

to have borne on a red shield, three golden centaurs armed with bows and arrows, or "Sagittaries;" it has been conjectured, however, that this idea may have arisen from the circumstance of the "Sagittary" having been Stephen's[…]

1863, Charles Boutell, Heraldry, Historical and Popular, page 263:

Gules, three sagittaries, in pale, or. These sagittaries are generally blazoned as compound creatures, half man and half lion, as in Fig. 19.

1867, Art-Union: A Monthly Journal of the Fine Arts, page 151:

[The coat-]of-arms of Normandy is "Gules, two lions guardant or," and it is supposed that this coat was used by our Norman kings with the exception of Stephen - who is credited with three centaurs with bows and arrows - Sagittaries.

1905, Royal Society of Arts (Great Britain), Journal of the Society of Arts, page 604:

(heraldry, often capitalized) A mythical compound creature, resembling a centaur (half-human, half-horse) or a half-human, half-lion, often armed with a bow and arrows.


pallet

From Latin palla (“to cut”), hence “a strip of cloth”.

(heraldry) A narrow vertical stripe, narrower than a pale. diminutive of pale.


paal

nl-noun

paal m (plural palen, diminutive paaltje n)

palen (plural)
paaltje (diminutive neuter)

desctree

Afrikaans: paal
→ Tsonga: pala
→ Xhosa: ipala

→ Caribbean Hindustani: pál

→ Caribbean Javanese: pal

→ Guyanese Creole English: paal

→ Indonesian: pal (“milestone”)

→ Papiamentu: palu

From Middle Dutch pâel, from Old Dutch pāl, borrowed from Latin pālus.


monoceros

la-noun

monocerōs m (genitive monocerōtis); third declension

monocerōs (canonical masculine)
monocerōtis (genitive)
monocerōs (nominative singular)
monocerōtēs (nominative plural)
monocerōtis (genitive singular)
monocerōtum (genitive plural)
monocerōtī (dative singular)
monocerōtibus (dative plural)
monocerōtem (accusative singular)
monocerōtēs (accusative plural)
monocerōte (ablative singular)
monocerōtibus (ablative plural)
monocerōs (singular vocative)
monocerōtēs (plural vocative)

→ English: monoceros

→ Spanish: monocerote (learned)

From Ancient Greek μονόκερως (monókerōs, “having one horn”, from μόνος (mónos, “one”) + κέρας (kéras, “horn”)).

der

specific epithet
specific epithet#English

(New Latin) Used attributively as a specific epithet; one-horned.


batune

From Anglo-Norman bastun, itself from mainland Old French baston.


bendlet

(heraldry) A diminutive of the bend, of the same shape, but only half the width of the bend.


bend sinister

(heraldry) A diagonal band on a coat of arms going from the sinister chief (the viewer's top right) to the dexter base, sometimes erroneously held to indicate bastardy.

barra

diagonal band on coat of arms going from top right to bottom left


battle axe

Another battle-ax, in the same collection.

1786, Francis Grose, A Treatise on Ancient Armour and Weapons, page x:

An ancient military weapon, an axe designed for combat, including (in heraldry) when borne on arms as a mark of prowess.


baston

From Middle English baston, from Old French baston. Doublet of baton.


kil

Borrowed from Middle Low German, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *kīnaną (“to split, crack open”).


tegel

tegel (indefinite nominative singular)
tegels (genitive indefinite singular)
teglet (definite nominative singular)
teglets (definite genitive singular)
tegel (indefinite nominative plural)
tegels (genitive indefinite plural)
teglen (definite nominative plural)
teglens (definite genitive plural)

From Old Swedish tighl, from Old Norse tigl, from Proto-Germanic *tigulǭ.
Same as Icelandic tigl, Danish tegel, Old English tigele, English tile, Middle Low German tegel, German Ziegel, Latin tegula, a form of tegere (“to cover”) (a roof with tiles), relating to Swedish tak (“roof”) and täcka (“to cover”). Thus, it was first used for roof tiles, later for wall bricks.
Brick building was introduced in Scandinavia with the cathedral in Roskilde, Denmark (started in the 1170s), and later led to the "Brick Gothic" (Backsteingothik) in Scandinavia and Northern Germany.

huset är gjort av tegel

taket är täckt med tegel

the roof is covered with (brick, clay) tiles

brick (burned clay, the material, used for roof tiles and bricks), tiles


tyger

From Middle English tigre, from Old English tīgras (pl) and influenced by Old French tigre, both from Latin tigris, from Ancient Greek τίγρις (tígris), possibly of Iranian origin.


Haupt

de-noun

Haupt n (strong, genitive Hauptes or Haupts, plural Häupter)

Hauptes (genitive)
Haupts (genitive)
Häupter (plural)
Haupt (nominative singular)
Häupter (definite nominative plural)
Hauptes (genitive singular)
Haupts (genitive singular)
Häupter (definite genitive plural)
Haupt (dative singular)
Haupte (dative singular)
Häuptern (dative definite plural)
Haupt (accusative singular)
Häupter (accusative definite plural)

→ Plautdietsch: Haupt

From Middle High German houbet, höubet, from Old High German houbit, from Proto-Germanic *haubudą, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *káput. The standardized form without umlaut is from Upper German, in which -ou- did not undergo umlaut before labials. The Central German form with umlaut is preserved in Häuptling and zu Häupten. Cognate with Dutch hoofd, German Low German Hööft, Häuft, Saterland Frisian Hööft, English head, Danish hoved, Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐌱𐌹𐌸 (haubiþ).


mur

→ Finnish: muuri

From Old Swedish mur, from Latin murus, possibly through an intermediate like Middle Low German mûre.

Vi gjorde ett hål i rummets trävägg och såg att det var mur innanför

We made a hole in the wooden wall of the room and saw that there was brick behind it

(uncountable) the type of material such a wall is made of, usually brick (including when not making up a free-standing wall)


manica

maniche (plural)
manichetta (meliorative)
manicaccia (pejorative)


aigle

Inherited from Middle French aigle, from Old French aigle, itself either borrowed from Old Occitan aigla or taken from Latin aquila, though not as a popular term. Cf. the Old French and regional form aille, which may be popularly inherited.
* Cognate with Italian aquila, Portuguese águia, Spanish águila. Doublet of eagle.

(heraldry) a representation an eagle; the eagle as a heraldic symbol


escalope

Borrowed from French escalope. Doublet of scallop.

(heraldry) A charge (depiction) of the scallop.


trèfle

→ German: Treff n

→ Macedonian: треф m (tref)

→ Russian: тре́фа f (tréfa)

→ Russian: тре́фы f (tréfy)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: тре̏ф m

Latin script: trȅf m

→ Polish: trefl

→ Vietnamese: nhép, tép

Inherited from Old French tresfle, from Vulgar Latin *trifolum, from Latin trifolium, calque of Ancient Greek τρίφυλλον (tríphullon). Or taken from the Greek itself. Compare Old French trefeuil.


Balken

Balken m (strong, genitive Balkens, plural Balken)

Balkens (genitive)
Balken (plural)
Balken (nominative singular)
Balken (definite nominative plural)
Balkens (genitive singular)
Balken (definite genitive plural)
Balken (dative singular)
Balken (dative definite plural)
Balken (accusative singular)
Balken (accusative definite plural)

→ Kashubian: balka

→ Slovincian: balka

From Middle High German balke, from Old High German balko, balcho, from Proto-West Germanic *balkō, from Proto-Germanic *balkô. Compare English balk.

den Splitter im fremden Auge, aber nicht den Balken im eigenen sehen


anillo

Inherited from Old Spanish aniello, from Latin ānellus (“little ring”), from ānulus, diminutive of ānus (“ring”). Compare Catalan anell, French anneau, Italian anello, Portuguese anel.


kyrka

kyrka (indefinite nominative singular)
kyrkas (genitive indefinite singular)
kyrkan (definite nominative singular)
kyrkans (definite genitive singular)
kyrkor (indefinite nominative plural)
kyrkors (genitive indefinite plural)
kyrkorna (definite nominative plural)
kyrkornas (definite genitive plural)

From Old Swedish kyrkia, kirkia, from Old Norse kirkja, from Old English cirice, from Late Proto-West Germanic *kirikā, from Byzantine Greek κυριακόν (δόμα) (kuriakón (dóma), literally “Lord's (house)”), from Ancient Greek κύριος (kúrios, “lord”).

der

κυριακόν (δόμα)


tält

tält (indefinite nominative singular)
tälts (genitive indefinite singular)
tältet (definite nominative singular)
tältets (definite genitive singular)
tält (indefinite nominative plural)
tälts (genitive indefinite plural)
tälten (definite nominative plural)
tältens (definite genitive plural)

From Middle Low German telt, from *Old Saxon *teld, from Proto-West Germanic *teld, from Proto-Germanic *teldą. Displaced Old Swedish tiæld, from Old Norse tjald, from the same Germanic source, compare tjäll.


ugn

From Old Swedish ughn, oghn, from Old Norse *ogn (variant of Old Norse ofn), from Proto-Germanic *uhnaz, *uhwnaz (compare Danish and Norwegian ovn, Icelandic ofn, Dutch oven, Low German Aven, West Frisian ûne, German Ofen, Gothic auhns), probably from a Proto-Indo-European *aukw- (“cooking pot”), *Hukʷ-, *ukwnos.

inh

a furnace (for industrial use or the like)


cruse

From Middle English crouse, from Old English crūse (“jar, cruse”), from Proto-West Germanic *krūsā, from Proto-Germanic *krūsǭ, *krūsaz (“jar, pot, collar, jug”). Cognate with German Krause (“pot with a lid”), Icelandic krús (“jar, jug”). Merged with Middle English croo (“pot, pitcher”), from Old English crōg (“crock, pitcher, vessel”). More at crock.

With a thought I tooke for Maudline
& a cruse of cockle pottage.
with a thing thus tall, skie blesse you all:
I befell into this dotage.

c. 1620, anonymous, “Tom o’ Bedlam’s Song” in Giles Earle his Booke (British Museum, Additional MSS. 24, 665)

He had dipped ungenerously into a generous mother’s purse; basely and recklessly spilt her little cruse.

1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter 21, in The History of Pendennis. […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849–1850, →OCLC:

(religion, heraldry or obsolete) A small jar used to hold liquid, such as oil or water.


saltire

From Middle English sawtoure, from Old French sautoir (“stile, saltire”) (compare French sautoir (“saltire”)), from sauter (“to jump, to leap”) + -oir (subject forming nouns denoting physical objects from verbs), from Latin saltāre (“to dance, to jump”) + -orium, -oria.

(heraldry) An ordinary (geometric design) in the shape of an X. It usually occupies the entire field in which it is placed.


Deichsel

de-noun

Deichsel f (genitive Deichsel, plural Deichseln)

Deichsel (genitive)
Deichseln (plural)
Deichsel (nominative singular)
Deichseln (definite nominative plural)
Deichsel (genitive singular)
Deichseln (definite genitive plural)
Deichsel (dative singular)
Deichseln (dative definite plural)
Deichsel (accusative singular)
Deichseln (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German dīhsel, from Old High German dīhsala, from Proto-West Germanic *þīhslu, from Proto-Germanic *þinhslō.


crampon

(heraldry) A heraldic figure in the form of a bar bent at the ends into the form of a hook.


Garbe

Garbe (genitive)
Garben (plural)
Garbe (nominative singular)
Garben (definite nominative plural)
Garbe (genitive singular)
Garben (definite genitive plural)
Garbe (dative singular)
Garben (dative definite plural)
Garbe (accusative singular)
Garben (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German garbe, from Old High German garba, from Proto-West Germanic *garbā (“sheaf”).


Leiste

Leiste f (genitive Leiste, plural Leisten)

Leiste (genitive)
Leisten (plural)
Leiste (nominative singular)
Leisten (definite nominative plural)
Leiste (genitive singular)
Leisten (definite genitive plural)
Leiste (dative singular)
Leisten (dative definite plural)
Leiste (accusative singular)
Leisten (accusative definite plural)

From Middle High German līste, from Old High German līsta, from Proto-West Germanic *līstā, from Proto-Germanic *līstǭ. Doublet of Liste.