sack

→ Japanese: サック (sakku)

From Middle English sak, sek, sach, zech (“bag, sackcloth”), from Old English sacc (“sack, bag”) and sæċċ (“sackcloth, sacking”); both from Proto-West Germanic *sakku, from late Proto-Germanic *sakkuz (“sack”), borrowed from Latin saccus (“large bag”), from Ancient Greek σάκκος (sákkos, “bag of coarse cloth”), from Semitic, possibly Phoenician or Hebrew.
Cognate with Dutch zak, German Sack, Swedish säck, Danish sæk, Hebrew שַׂק (śaq, “sack, sackcloth”), Aramaic סַקָּא, Classical Syriac ܣܩܐ, Ge'ez ሠቅ (śäḳ), Akkadian 𒆭𒊓 (saqqu), Egyptian sꜣgꜣ. Doublet of sac, saccus, saco, and sakkos.
Černý and Forbes suggest the word was originally Egyptian, a nominal derivative of sꜣq (“to gather or put together”) that also yielded Coptic ⲥⲟⲕ (sok, “sackcloth”) and was borrowed into Greek perhaps by way of a Semitic intermediary. However, Vycichl and Hoch reject this idea, noting that such an originally Egyptian word would be expected to yield Hebrew *סַק rather than שַׂק. Instead, they posit that the Coptic and Greek words are both borrowed from Semitic, with the Coptic word perhaps developing via Egyptian sꜣgꜣ.
Sense evolution
* “Pillage” senses from the use of sacks in carrying off plunder. From Middle French sac, shortened from the phrase mettre à sac (“put it in a bag”), a military command to pillage; also parallel meaning with Italian sacco (“plunder”), from Medieval Latin saccō (“pillage”). From Vulgar Latin saccare (“to plunder”), from saccus (“sack”). See also ransack. American football “tackle” sense from this “plunder, conquer” root.
* “Removal from employment” senses attested since 1825; the original formula was “to give (someone) the sack”, likely from the notion of a worker going off with his tools in a sack, or being given such a sack for his personal belongings as part of an expedient severance. Idiom exists earlier in French (on luy a donné son sac, 17c.) and Middle Dutch (iemand den zak geven). English verb in this sense recorded from 1841. Current verb, to sack (“to fire”) carries influence from the forceful nature of “plunder, tackle” verb senses.
* Slang meaning “bunk, bed” is attested since 1825, originally nautical, likely in reference to sleeping bags. The verb meaning “go to bed” is recorded from 1946.
* Slang meaning "scrotum" is an ellipsis of ballsack.

doublet

A bag; especially a large bag of strong, coarse material for storage and handling of various commodities, such as potatoes, coal, coffee; or, a bag with handles used at a supermarket, a grocery sack; or, a small bag for small items, a satchel.


ashtray

From ash + tray. Compare German Aschenbecher.

A receptacle for ash and butts from cigarettes and cigars.


keel

From Middle English kelen, from Old English cēlan (“to cool, to make or become cool”), from Proto-West Germanic *kōlijan, from Proto-Germanic *kōlijaną (“to cool”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian käile, köile (“to cool”), Dutch koelen (“to cool”), German Low German köhlen (“to cool”), German kühlen (“to cool”), Danish køle (“to cool”), Icelandic kæla (“to cool”).

inh

(brewing) A broad, flat vessel used for cooling liquids; a brewer's cooling vat; a keelfat.


keel

Probably from Scottish Gaelic cìl (“ruddle”).


keel

en-verb

keel (third-person singular simple present keels, present participle keeling, simple past and past participle keeled)

keels (present singular third-person)
keeling (participle present)
keeled (participle past)
keeled (past)

Compare Scots kele, keil, keill (“to put to death, kill”).

Pronunciation spelling
pronunciation spelling

(humorous, nonstandard) Pronunciation spelling of kill.


twist

twist (nominative singular)
twisty (nominative plural)
twista (genitive singular)
twistów (genitive plural)
twistowi (dative singular)
twistom (dative plural)
twist (accusative singular)
twisty (accusative plural)
twistem (instrumental singular)
twistami (instrumental plural)
twiście (locative singular)
twistach (locative plural)
twiście (singular vocative)
twisty (plural vocative)

jar with a threaded neck and a screw cap allowing airtight sealing


mẁg

mygau (plural)
mygiau (plural)
mẁg
fẁg (soft)


pouch

From Middle English pouche, poche, borrowed from Old Northern French pouche, from Old French poche, puche (whence French poche; compare also the Anglo-Norman variant poke), of Germanic origin: from Frankish *poka (“pouch”) (compare Middle Dutch poke, Old English pohha, dialectal German Pfoch). Doublet of poke; compare pocket.

A small bag usually closed with a drawstring.

Any pocket or bag-shaped object, such as a cheek pouch.

(botany) A silicle, or short pod, as of the shepherd's purse.


pouch

pouch (third-person singular simple present pouches, present participle pouching, simple past and past participle pouched)

pouches (present singular third-person)
pouching (participle present)
pouched (participle past)
pouched (past)

We pouched the encryption device to our embassy in Beijing.

(transitive) To transport within a pouch, especially a diplomatic pouch.


口袋

/kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴ d̥aɪ̯⁴/

/kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴ d̥ɑɻ⁴/

/kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/hɐu̯³⁵ tɔːi̯²²/

/kʰau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ te²²/

/kʰio⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tə⁴¹/

/kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴ d̥aɪ̯⁴/

/kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴ d̥ɑɻ⁴/

/kʰoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ taɪ̯⁵¹/

/hɐu̯³⁵ tɔːi̯²²/

/kʰau⁵³⁻⁴⁴ te²²/

/kʰio⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tə⁴¹/


карман

ru-noun+

карма́н • (karmán) m inan (genitive карма́на, nominative plural карма́ны, genitive plural карма́нов, relational adjective карма́нный, diminutive карма́нчик or карма́шек)

карма́н (canonical)
karmán (romanization)
карма́на (genitive)
карма́ны (nominative plural)
карма́нов (genitive plural)
карма́нный (adjective relational)
карма́нчик (diminutive)
карма́шек (diminutive)
карма́н (nominative singular)
карма́ны (nominative plural)
карма́на (genitive singular)
карма́нов (genitive plural)
карма́ну (dative singular)
карма́нам (dative plural)
карма́н (accusative singular)
карма́ны (accusative plural)
карма́ном (instrumental singular)
карма́нами (instrumental plural)
карма́не (prepositional singular)
карма́нах (plural prepositional)

→ Ingrian: kormuna

→ Kildin Sami: коррман (korrman)

→ Skolt Sami: kårmman

→ Votic: kormunõ

Southern Russian
Territorial evolution of Russia

Uncertain, a distorted word, with the р (r) presumably excrescent in compliance with Russian phonotactics, earlier гама́н (gamán, “purse, wallet”) which is still current usually in the extension гамане́ць (hamanécʹ) in Ukrainian; probably a Turkic borrowing, possibly with the Ukrainian and Southern Russian value /ɣ/ for г (g) specifically from (the early 18th-century version of) Chuvash хаман (haman, literally “durable”), also applied to fabrics and also to a skinbag, which would ultimately derive from Persian خام (xâm, “raw, crude”).

наби́ть карма́н

наби́ть карма́ны pf (nabítʹ karmány)

набива́ть карма́н

набива́ть карма́ны impf (nabivátʹ karmány)

не по карма́ну

по карма́ну (po karmánu)

У меня́ в карма́не блоха́ на арка́не!

I’m flat broke! (literally, “I have a flea on a lasso in my pocket!”)


quaich

(Scotland, by extension) Any two-handled drinking vessel or trophy.


chai

→ Eastern Mnong: čai

→ Tai Dam: ꪊꪱꪥ


bin

From Middle English bynne, from Old English binn (“crib, manger”), from Proto-West Germanic *binnu, *binnā, from Gaulish benna (“four-wheeled cart; caisson”) (compare Old Irish buinne, Welsh ben (“cart”), Old Breton benn (“caisson”)). Cognate with West Frisian bin (“wicker basket”), Middle Dutch benne (“basket”), whence modern Dutch ben (“wicker basket”), German Benne (“wheelbarrow”).

der

a corn bin

a wine bin

a coal bin

A box, frame, crib, or enclosed place, used as a storage container.

a rubbish bin

a wastepaper bin

an ashes bin

British journalists shun complete respectability, feeling a duty to be ready to savage the mighty, or rummage through their bins. Elsewhere in Europe, government contracts and subsidies ensure that press barons will only defy the mighty so far.

2013 August 10, Lexington, “Keeping the mighty honest”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8848:

At the moment, and in "an emergency", you or I could be sent to the bin, willy-nilly, on the say-so of a single doctor (who may never have seen us before, and need have no particular experience of mental illness), so long as the application is supported by one of our relatives, or by a "social worker".

1973, New Scientist, volume 58, number 852, page 822:

(slang) Short for loony bin (“lunatic asylum”).

(video post-production) A digital file folder for organising media in a non-linear editing program.


bin

en-verb

bin (third-person singular simple present bins, present participle binning, simple past and past participle binned)

bins (present singular third-person)
binning (participle present)
binned (participle past)
binned (past)

This splendid eloquence was promptly binned by the pope, […]

2002, Christopher Harvie, Scotland: A Short History, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 59:

The CC [Co-ordinating Centre] had long since binned the idea of catching the regular shuttle service, […]

2005, Ian Oliver, War and peace in the Balkans: the diplomacy of conflict in the former Yugoslavia, I.B. Tauris, →ISBN, page 238:

NR also wants more effort made to bin out-of-date 1970s technology, but only replacing it with equipment that meets customer needs, rather than high-tech kit just for the sake of it.

2021 September 22, Howard Johnston, “NR: stop firefighting and plan for long-term progress”, in RAIL, number 940, page 11:

(British, informal) To throw away, reject, give up.


jar

Inherited from Middle English jarre (“jar”), from Medieval Latin jarra, or from Middle French jarre (“liquid measure”) (from Old French jare; modern French jarre (“earthenware jar”)), or from Spanish jarra, jarro (“jug, pitcher; mug, stein”), all from Arabic جَرَّة (jarra, “earthen receptacle”).
The word is cognate with Italian giara (“jar; crock”), Occitan jarro, Portuguese jarra, jarro (“jug; ewer, pitcher”).
The verb is derived from the noun.

der

caught with one's fingers in the cookie jar

The Leyden jar is charged, like the condenser of Œpinus and the fulminating square, by making one of the armatures communicate with the earth and the other with the electric source.

1855, “On Physics, or Natural Philosophy. No. LIX. Effects Produced by the Accumulation of both Electricities.”, in [Robert Wallace], editor, The Popular Educator, volume VI, London: John Cassell, […], →OCLC, page 507, column 1:

These important deficiencies in air-tight jars for preserving eggs have led me to invent a jar purposely for egg preserving, and which jar is not only perfectly air-tight, but it will show at a glance whether it is so, and how long it remains so, by means of its patent pneumatic self-indicating cap.

1865 March 14, G. K. Geyelin, “The Laws of Nature: In Relation to Poultry Keeping from a Commercial Point of View”, in George W. Johnson, Robert Hogg, editors, The Journal of Horticulture, Cottage Gardener, and Country Gentleman. […], volume VIII, number 207 (New Series; volume XXXIII, issue 859 (Old Series)), London: Published for the proprietors, […], →OCLC, page 219, column 2:

A small, approximately cylindrical container, normally made of clay or glass, for holding fruit, preserves, etc., or for ornamental purposes.

kavanoz

(British, Ireland, colloquial) A pint glass


purse

From Middle English purse, from Old English purs (“purse”), partly from pusa (“wallet, bag, scrip”) and partly from burse (“pouch, bag”).
Old English pusa comes from Proto-West Germanic *pusō, from Proto-Germanic *pusô (“bag, sack, scrip”), from Proto-Indo-European *būs- (“to swell, stuff”), and is cognate with Old High German pfoso (“pouch, purse”), Low German pūse (“purse, bag”), Old Norse posi (“purse, bag”), Danish pose (“purse, bag”), Dutch beurs (“purse, bag”). Old English burse comes from Medieval Latin bursa (“leather bag”) (compare English bursar), from Ancient Greek βύρσα (búrsa, “hide, wine-skin”).
Compare also Old French borse (French bourse), Old Saxon bursa (“bag”), Old High German burissa (“wallet”).

der

you can't make a silk purse of a sow's ear

And then muſt many a man occupie as farre as his purſe would reache, and ſtretche out his legges accordynge to the length of his couerlet.

1550, Steuen Mierdman, The market or fayre of usurers:

Master leathercrafter does handcrafted wallets, belts, purses, handbags etc., supporting self and helpers. Good enough to carve fantst art and portraits into leather.

1987 August 15, Robert Benitez, “Personal advertisement”, in Gay Community News, volume 15, number 5, page 14:

(US) A handbag (small bag usually used by women for carrying various small personal items)


purse

en-verb

purse (third-person singular simple present purses, present participle pursing, simple past and past participle pursed)

purses (present singular third-person)
pursing (participle present)
pursed (participle past)
pursed (past)

[…] thou […] didst contract and purse thy brow together, / As if thou then hadst shut up in thy brain / Some horrible conceit: […]

c. 1603–1604 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iii], lines 1756-9:

Upon hearing Billy's version, the sage Dansker seemed to divine more than he was told; and after a little meditation during which his wrinkles were pursed as into a point, quite effacing for the time that quizzing expression his face sometimes wore, "Didn't I say so, Baby Budd?"

1888–1891, Herman Melville, “[Billy Budd, Foretopman.] Chapter XIII.”, in Billy Budd and Other Stories, London: John Lehmann, published 1951, →OCLC:

To draw up or contract into folds or wrinkles; to pucker; to knit.

Why I'll purse; if that raise me not, I'll bet at bowling alleys, or man whores: I would fain live by others.

(Can we date this quote?), Francis Beaumont, John Fletcher, “Scornful Lady”, in Comedies and Tragedies […], London: […] Humphrey Robinson, […], and for Humphrey Moseley […], published 1647, →OCLC, Act I, scene i:

(intransitive, obsolete, rare) To steal purses; to rob.


pote

15th century. Probably borrowed from Old French pot, from Proto-Germanic *puttaz (“pot, jar, tub”), from Proto-Indo-European *budn- (“a kind of vessel”). Doublet of pota.

der

Gomes de Sespooõ diso que nõ sabía máis, saluo que posera en súa casa Martj́n de Dorrõ hũu pote e que despoys fora por el e o leuara

1457, Fernando R. Tato Plaza, editor, Libro de notas de Álvaro Pérez, notario da Terra de Rianxo e Postmarcos, Santiago: Concello da Cultura Galega, page 182:

Gomez of Cespón said that he know nothing, except that Martin of Dorrón left a pot in his house, but that later he came for it and took it away


pote

→ Kadiwéu: boote

From French pot (“pot”), from Vulgar Latin pottum (“pot, jar”), from Proto-Germanic *puttaz (“pot, jar, tub”), from Proto-Indo-European *budn- (“a kind of vessel”).

(historical, measure) pot, a traditional unit of liquid volume equal to 7–13 liters depending on the area of Portugal


begi

begi class V (canonical)
mabegi class VI (plural)


handbag

en-noun

handbag (countable and uncountable, plural handbags)

From hand + bag. The music genre is named from women dancing around a pile of their handbags in nightclubs. The verb is a reference to Margaret Thatcher's handbag.

From a little hand-bag he extracted his automatic pistol, which he put upon the mantelpiece.

1925 July – 1926 May, A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “(please specify the chapter number)”, in The Land of Mist (eBook no. 0601351h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg Australia, published April 2019:

I put on my new suit and put my watch on and packed the other suit and the accessories and my razor and brushes in my hand bag […].

1929, William Faulkner, The Sound and the Fury:

(now rare) A small bag carried in the hand, used either when travelling or to carry tools for a specific job.


rundlet

A small cask of no certain dimensions, which may contain from 3 to 20 gallons.

Again, by 28 Hen. VIII, cap. 14, it is re-enacted that the tun of wine should contain 252 gallons, a butt of Malmsey 126 gallons, a pipe 126 gallons, a tercian or puncheon 84 gallons, a hogshead 63 gallons, a tierce 41 gallons, a barrel 31.5 gallons, a rundlet 18.5 gallons.

1882, James Edwin Thorold Rogers, A History of Agriculture and Prices in England, page 205:

Such a cask of a certain size; its volume used as a measure for liquids, especially wine, usually 18.5 gallons.


tun

From Middle English tunne, tonne (“cask, barrel”), from Old English tunne (“tun, cask, barrel”), from Proto-Germanic *tunnǭ, *tunnō (“tun, barrel, cask”), from Latin tunna, probably of Gaulish origin.
Cognate with North Frisian tenn (“tun, barrel, cask”), Dutch ton (“tun, barrel, cask”), German Tonne (“tun, barrel, drum”), Danish tønde (“barrel”), Swedish tunna (“barrel, cask, tun”), Icelandic tunna (“barrel”). Compare also Old French tonne, French tonneau (“ton, barrel”), Medieval Latin tunna (“cask”), Middle Irish tunna (“cask”), Welsh tynell (“tun, barrel”). It is uncertain whether the Germanic or the Celtic forms are the original.

cog

A large cask; an oblong vessel bulging in the middle, like a pipe or puncheon, and girt with hoops; a wine cask. (See a diagram comparing cask sizes.)

(historical) A traditional unit of liquid measure (from the volume of such a cask) equal to 252 wine gallons or 2 pipes.

Synonym of long ton: a unit of mass equal to 2240 pounds, 20 hundredweights of 112 pounds avoirdupois each.


tun

A part of the ancient Maya Long Count Calendar system which corresponds to 18 winal cycles or 360 days.


tun

tuniau (plural)
tunnau (plural)
tun
dun (soft)
nhun
thun

From English tin, from Middle English tin, from Old English tin, from Proto-West Germanic *tin, from Proto-Germanic *tiną.


butt

From Middle English bit, bitte, bytte, butte (“leather bottle”), from Old English bytt, byt (from Proto-West Germanic *buttjā) and Old French boute (“cask”) and other etymologies on this page, all from Vulgar Latin *buttia. Doublet of boccia.

Again, by 28 Hen. VIII, cap. 14, it is re-enacted that the tun of wine should contain 252 gallons, a butt of Malmsey 126 gallons, a pipe 126 gallons, a tercian or puncheon 84 gallons, a hogshead 63 gallons, a tierce 41 gallons, a barrel 31.5 gallons, a rundlet 18.5 gallons. –

(English units) An English measure of capacity for liquids, containing 126 wine gallons which is one-half tun.


hogshead

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-hogshead.wav

From Late Middle English hogshead, hagyshed, hogeyshed, hoggesyde, hokkeshed, Middle English hoggeshed, hogges-hed, hogeshed, hoggeshede, hoggesheed, hoggesheudes, hoggesheved, hoggishede, hoggisheed, hoggyssehed, hogyshed, hoogeshed (“measure of liquid capacity equivalent to about 63 gallons; large barrel or cask”, literally “hog’s head”), from hog, hogge (“swine, especially a castrated male swine”) + hed (“animal or human head”), equivalent to hog + 's + head. The connection between the cask and the head of a hog is uncertain, but may refer to the shape of the cask. The word has often been borrowed into other languages as “ox-head”.

[...] their vessels for use are made some of clay, of which sort some are so great as that they will containe more then one hogshead of water.

1632, attributed to J. Day, A Pvblication of Gviana’s Plantation: […], London: Printed by William Iones for Thomas Paine, […], →OCLC, page 15:

The best Veſſel for Conveyance, (if you carry above 20 Miles) is, a great Tun that holds five Hogſheads; but if no more than 10, 15, or 20 Miles, ordinary Hogſheads will do well enough. I know by Experience you may ſafely carry 300 Carps, ſix and ſeven Inches long, in one Hogſhead; but from ſeven to a Foot, not ſo many by a fourth Part.

1713, [Roger North], “Of Fishing for Carriage”, in A Discourse of Fish and Fish-ponds, […], London: Printed for E[dmund] Curll, […], →OCLC, page 62:

Again, by 28 Hen. VIII, cap. 14, it is re-enacted that the tun of wine should contain 252 gallons, a butt of Malmsey 126 gallons, a pipe 126 gallons, a tercian or puncheon 84 gallons, a hogshead 63 gallons, a tierce 41 gallons, a barrel 31½ gallons, a rundlet 18½ gallons.

1882, James E[dwin] Thorold Rogers, “Weights and Measures”, in A History of Agriculture and Prices in England […], volumes IV (1401–1582), Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 205:

Barrels came in firkins, nine gallons; kilderkins, eighteen gallons; halves, twenty-seven gallons; barrels, thirty-six gallons and hogsheads, fifty-four.

1987, Keith Dunstan, The Amber Nectar, Ringwood: Vicking O'Neil, page 81:

(British) A cask of a certain size; its volume used as a measure of capacity for liquids, containing 63 wine gallons, or about 52+¹⁄₂ imperial gallons (a half pipe).


tierce

From Old French tierce, from Latin tertia.

He then gave me a large piece of silver coin, such as I never had seen or had before, and told me to get ready for the voyage, and he would credit me with a tierce of sugar, and another of rum […].

1789, Olaudah Equiano, chapter 6, in The Interesting Narrative, volume I:

Have an eye to the molasses tierce, Mr. Stubb; it was a little leaky, I thought.

1851 November 14, Herman Melville, “chapter 22”, in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, 1st American edition, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers; London: Richard Bentley, →OCLC:

barrel
barrel#English:_cask of a certain size

(now historical) A cask of a certain size, or its volume used as a measure of capacity. Larger than a barrel but smaller than a hogshead.

(card games) A sequence of three playing cards of the same suit. Tierce of ace, king and queen is called tierce-major.

[W]e behold two men with lion-look, with alert attitude, side foremost, right foot advanced; flourishing and thrusting, stoccado and passado, in tierce and quart; intent to skewer one another.

1837, Thomas Carlyle, The French Revolution: A History […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Chapman and Hall, →OCLC, (please specify the book or page number):

(fencing) The third defensive position, with the sword hand held at waist height, and the tip of the sword at head height.

(obsolete) One sixtieth of a second, i.e., the third in a series of fractional parts in a sexagesimal number system. (Also known as a third.)


barrel

From Middle English barel, from Anglo-Norman baril, Old French baril, bareil (“barrel”), of uncertain origin. An attempt to link baril to Old French barre (“bar, bolt”) (compare Medieval Latin barra (“bar, rod”)) via assumed Vulgar Latin *barrīculum meets the phonological requirement, but fails to connect the word semantically. The alternate connection to Frankish *baril, *beril or Gothic 𐌱𐌴𐍂𐌹𐌻𐍃 (bērils, “container for transport”), from Proto-Germanic *barilaz, *bērilaz (“barrel, jug, container”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“to carry, transport”), is more plausible as it connects not only the form of the word but also the sense; equivalent to bear + -le. Compare also Old High German biril (“jug, large pot”), Luxembourgish Bärel, Bierel (“jug, pot”), Old Norse berill (“barrel for liquids”), Old English byrla (“barrel of a horse, trunk, body”). More at bear.

vat

round vessel made from staves bound with a hoop

Coordinate term: drum

Near-synonym: cask

The dawn of the oil age was fairly recent. Although the stuff was used to waterproof boats in the Middle East 6,000 years ago, extracting it in earnest began only in 1859 after an oil strike in Pennsylvania. The first barrels of crude fetched $18 (around $450 at today’s prices).

2013 August 3, “Yesterday’s fuel”, in The Economist, volume 408, number 8847:

a cracker barrel

(countable) A round (cylindrical) vessel, such as a cask, of greater length than breadth, and bulging in the middle, made of staves bound with hoops, and having flat ends (heads). The word is sometimes applied to a similar cylindrical container made of metal, usually called a drum.

en:round vessel such as cask
en:cask of a certain size

Such a cask of a certain size, holding one-eighth of what a tun holds. (See a diagram comparing cask sizes.)

bbl

cylindrical container, or cask of a certain size

(zoology) The hollow basal part of a feather.

(surfing) A wave that breaks with a hollow compartment.

tynnyri

surfing: wave that breaks with a hollow compartment


puncheon

From Middle English punchoun, from Anglo-Norman ponchon, pounceon et al., and Middle French ponçon, poinchon et al., from Old French ponchon, from Latin pūnctiōnem (“act of piercing”). Doublet of punction. Related to Middle High German punze (“chisel; burin, graver”), ponze (“puncheon, standardized cask”), German Punze (“puncheon, punch, counter”).

Once in the Grenada islands, when I and above eight others were pulling a large boat with two puncheons of water in it, a surf struck us, and drove the boat and all in it about half a stone's throw, among some trees, and above the high water mark.

Then he went to the scullery, wetted his hands, scooped the last white dough out of the punchion, and dropped it in a baking-tin.

1913, D[avid] H[erbert] Lawrence, chapter 8, in Sons and Lovers, London: Duckworth & Co. […], →OCLC:

A cask of a certain size; its volume used as a measure of capacity varying from 72 to 120 gallons.


kilderkin

Late Middle English, from Middle Dutch kinderkin, a variant of kinerkijn, itself a diminutive of kintal. See quintal.

1882: 23 Hen. VIII, cap. 4... The barrel of beer is to hold 36 gallons, the kilderkin 18 gallons the firkin 9. But the barrel, kilderkin, and firkin of ale are to contain 32, 16, and 8 gallons. — James Edwin Thorold Rogers, A History of Agriculture and Prices in England, Volume 4, p. 205.

An old English liquid measure, usually being half a barrel; containing 18 English beer gallons, or 83.178 L.


misa

pl-noun

misa f (diminutive miska, augmentative micha)

miska (diminutive)
micha (augmentative)
misa (nominative singular)
misy (nominative plural)
misy (genitive singular)
mis (genitive plural)
misie (dative singular)
misom (dative plural)
misę (accusative singular)
misy (accusative plural)
misą (instrumental singular)
misami (instrumental plural)
misie (locative singular)
misach (locative plural)
miso (singular vocative)
misy (plural vocative)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *misa, compare Russian миска (miska), Old Church Slavonic миса (misa), Czech mísa. Ultimately from Latin mēnsa.


malle

→ Portuguese: mala

Inherited from Middle French malle, from Old French male (“leather bag, leather or wooden travel-case”), from Frankish *malha (“leather bag”), from Proto-Germanic *malhō (“leather bag”), from Proto-Indo-European *molko- (“leather bag”). Cognate with Old High German malha, malaha (“leather bag”), Middle Dutch male (“trunk, travel bag”). More at mail.

der

Sors tes habits de la malle et range-les dans l’armoire !

Take your clothes out of the suitcase and put them away in the cupboard!


kettle

→ Brunei Malay: kitil

→ Persian: کتری (ketri)

→ Bengali: কেটলি (keṭli)

→ Hindi: केतली (ketlī)

→ Gujarati: કીટલી (kīṭlī)

→ Irish: citeal

→ Maltese: kitla

→ Zulu: igedlela

From Middle English ketel, also chetel, from Old English ċietel (“kettle, cauldron”) and in Middle English possibly influenced by Old Norse ketill and both from Proto-Germanic *katilaz (“kettle, bucket, vessel”), of uncertain origin and formation. Usually regarded as a borrowing of Late Latin catīllus (“small bowl”), diminutive of Latin catinus (“deep bowl, vessel for cooking up or serving food”), however, the word may be Germanic confused with the Latin: compare Old English cete (“cooking pot”), Old High German chezzi (“a kettle, dish, bowl”), Icelandic kati, ketla (“a small boat”). Cognate with West Frisian tsjettel (“kettle”), Dutch ketel (“kettle”), German Kessel (“kettle”), Swedish kittel (“cauldron”), Swedish kittel (“kettle”), Gothic 𐌺𐌰𐍄𐌹𐌻𐍃 (katils, “kettle”), Finnish kattila, Polish kocioł (“cauldron”), Czech kotel (“boiler”), Russian котёл (kotjól, “boiler, cauldron”).
(watch): Cockney rhyming slang from 'kettle and hob' to 'fob' (fob watch).

cog

To cook pasta, you first need to put the kettle on.

There's a hot kettle of soup on the stove.

(cooking) A vessel for boiling a liquid or cooking food, usually metal and equipped with a lid.

ketel

Stick the kettle on and we'll have a nice cup of tea.

A vessel or appliance used to boil water for the preparation of hot beverages and other foodstuffs.

(geology) A kettle hole, sometimes any pothole.


tea caddy

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-tea caddy.wav

Mrs. Hone would have owned all the equipage that most upper-middle-class households needed to hold a proper tea, including a tea table (or teapoy), a tray, a teapot, creamer, sugar bowl with tongs, cups, saucers, tea caddy, teaspoons, and likely a tea urn, slop bowl, strainer, and spoon tray. While availing herself of Carneses' tea and one of their tea caddies, she might also have purchased and utilized one of their teapoys.

2019, Nancy E. Davis, “Afong Moy Presents Chinese Objects for the Home”, in The Chinese Lady: Afong Moy in Early America, New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, part II (The Show), page 107:

A box, jar, pot, or tin used to store tea leaves.


octave

From Latin octavus (“eighth”). Doublet of octavo, ochava, and oitava.

Octave in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)

With mournful melody it continued this octave.

a. 1587, Philippe Sidnei [i.e., Philip Sidney], “(please specify the folio)”, in [Fulke Greville; Matthew Gwinne; John Florio], editors, The Countesse of Pembrokes Arcadia [The New Arcadia], London: […] [John Windet] for William Ponsonbie, published 1590, →OCLC:

(poetry) A poetic stanza consisting of eight lines; usually used as one part of a sonnet.

[…] the Chamberlains' records of the companies' visits to their towns are, for the most part, not precisely dates, but merely group them together […] within their annual accounting period which normally […] ran from Michaelmas (29 September) to Michaelmas, or its octave (6 October).

2000, John Southworth, Shakespeare the Player:

It was extended to the entire Church by 1814, and then in 1913 the feast was transferred to September 15, the octave day of the Birth of Mary and the day after the Exaltation of the Cross.

2014, Jennifer Gregory Miller, (Please provide the book title or journal name):

(Christianity) The day that is one week after a feast day in the Latin rite of the Catholic Church.

1870, The Night Hours of the Church, trans. Rev. J. M. Neale
Of an Octave the Office is said. or at least commemorated, (when any Sunday or Feast intervene), for eight successive days.

(Christianity) An eight-day period beginning on a feast day in the Latin rite of the Catholic Church.

octava

(signal processing) Any of a number of coherent-noise functions of differing frequency that are added together to form Perlin noise.


octave

Boccace[…] is said to have invented the octave rhye

1700, [John] Dryden, Fables Ancient and Modern; […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC:

(obsolete) Consisting of eight; eight in number.


wheelie bin

From wheelie, presumably as a variant of wheely (“wheeled”) + -ie, and bin.

Instead we switched from dustbins to wheelie bins which required equally significant investment in new bins and refuse vehicles. However because the wheelie bins were larger and easier to collect they actually increased the volume of unsegregated waste.

1999, David Rudlin, Nicholas Falk, Sustainable Urban Neighbourhood, UK: Elsevier, page 95:

You see the occasional frustrated libidinous lunatics walking along Johnson Street kickboxing at the wheelie bins and spreading the contents all over the road.

2005, John Chalmers, Byron Bay Taxis And Lunacies, page 85:

It collects waste materials, including paper, glass, plastics and metals, in the blue-topped recycling wheelie bins from more than two million households each week.

2009, James Kirby, Rod Myer, Richard Pratt: One Out of the Box: The Secrets of an Australian Billionaire, page 49:

She likes to go into town using her wheelchair. It can be difficult when people leave their wheelie bins out on the pavement and she has to go into the road to get past.

2011, Peter Beresford, Jennie Fleming, Catherone Bewley, Michael Glynn, Suzy Croft, Supporting People: Towards a Person-Centred Approach, UK: The Policy Press, page 271:

The next Monday afternoon Daryl hooked his wheelie bin onto the ute′s tow bar. He was just about to tow it up the driveway when Doris yelled out, telling him to go to the shops and grab some milk. With his wheelie bin in tow Daryl set off.

2012, John Bryant, Great Australian Ute Stories, HarperCollins Australia, unnumbered page:

(Australia, New Zealand, UK, Ireland) An outdoor rubbish bin on wheels for easier movability.


balloon

→ Assamese: বেলুন (belun)

→ Bengali: বেলুন (belun)

→ Japanese: バルーン (barūn)

→ Maori: parūnu

→ Welsh: balŵn

→ Zulu: ibhaloni

1570, "a game played with a large, inflated leather ball" (possibly via Middle French ballon) from Italian pallone (“large ball”) from palla (“ball”), from Lombardic *palla. The Northern Italian form, balla (“ball-shaped bundle”), today a doublet, likely derived from Old French balle, from Frankish *balla (“ball”), and may have influenced the spelling of this word. Both Germanic words are from Proto-Germanic *ballô (“ball”), *balluz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰoln- (“bubble”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“to blow, swell, inflate”). Akin to Old High German ballo, bal (“ball”), (German Ballen (“bale”); Ball "ball"). Doublet of ballon. More at ball.

der

(obsolete) A game played with a large inflated ball.

(engraving) The outline enclosing words represented as coming from the mouth of a pictured figure.

The purpose of the balloon is to reduce the periodic payment required during the life of the financing period.

1986, James M. Johnson, Fundamentals of finance for equipment lessors:


frail

From Middle English frayel, from Old French frael, fraiel, of unknown origin; possibly a dissimilatory variant of flael, flaiel (“flail”).

A basket made of rushes, used chiefly to hold figs and raisins.


bole

bole (nominative singular)
boles (nominative plural)
boli (accusative singular)
boles (accusative plural)
boles (genitive singular)
boļu (genitive plural)
bolei (dative singular)
bolēm (dative plural)
boli (instrumental singular)
bolēm (instrumental plural)
bolē (locative singular)
bolēs (locative plural)
bole (singular vocative)
boles (plural vocative)

From English bowl, probably via German Bowle. Alternative historical forms: bols. First attested use to mean a bowl for making punch – 1880. First attested use to refer to the beverage itself – 1886.

zemeņu bole – strawberry punch

boles trauks – punch bowl

punch (drink made of wine, diluted with juices, syrups and fruit, often with added cognac or rhum)


bolo

Borrowed from English bowl, French bol, German Bowle, Spanish bol.


caddy

en-verb

caddy (third-person singular simple present caddies, present participle caddying, simple past and past participle caddied)

caddies (present singular third-person)
caddying (participle present)
caddied (participle past)
caddied (past)

I was honored to caddy for Tiger Woods at a charity golf game.

We took turns caddying, one caddying, two playing. We went out across the river to the teeing ground of the first hole.

1897 (date written), Paul T. B. Ward, quotee, “19th Hole: The Readers Take Over”, in Sports Illustrated, volume 19, number 4, Chicago, Ill.: Time Inc., published 22 July 1963, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 60:

The next day the thirty-two qualifying players were paired off into sixteen sets of opponents. Charlotte was matched against a girl from California. After the first few minutes, the result was never in doubt. "Take it easy, miss," said the highly gratified Mr. Ogilvie, who was caddying for Charlotte. "You hold her in the hollow of your hand."

1917 July, George Weston, chapter VI, in The Apple-tree Girl: The Story of Little Miss Moses, who Led Herself into the Promised Land, Philadelphia, Pa., London: J[oshua] B[allinger] Lippincott Company, published 1918, →OCLC, page 100:

The scheme had been, if I remember, that after lunch I should go off and caddy for Honoria on a shopping tour down Regent Street; but when she got up and started collecting me and the rest of her things, Aunt Agatha stopped her.

1923 May 17, P[elham] G[renville] Wodehouse, “Introducing Claude and Eustace”, in The Inimitable Jeeves, Harmondsworth, Middlesex [London]: Penguin Books, published 1979, →ISBN, page 63:

(intransitive, golf) Chiefly followed by for: alternative spelling of caddie (“to serve as a caddy (noun sense) for a golfer”)


cam

head

cam (definite accusative camı, plural camlar)

camı (accusative definite)
camlar (plural)
cam (nominative singular)
camlar (nominative plural)
camı (accusative definite singular)
camları (accusative definite plural)
cama (dative singular)
camlara (dative plural)
camda (locative singular)
camlarda (locative plural)
camdan (ablative singular)
camlardan (ablative plural)
camın (genitive singular)
camların (genitive plural)
camım (first-person nominative singular)
camlarım (first-person nominative singular)
camın (nominative second-person singular)
camların (nominative second-person singular)
camı (nominative singular third-person)
camları (nominative singular third-person)
camımız (first-person nominative plural)
camlarımız (first-person nominative plural)
camınız (nominative plural second-person)
camlarınız (nominative plural second-person)
camları (nominative plural third-person)
camımı (accusative definite first-person singular)
camlarımı (accusative definite first-person singular)
camını (accusative definite second-person singular)
camlarını (accusative definite second-person singular)
camını (accusative definite singular third-person)
camlarını (accusative definite singular third-person)
camımızı (accusative definite first-person plural)
camlarımızı (accusative definite first-person plural)
camınızı (accusative definite plural second-person)
camlarınızı (accusative definite plural second-person)
camlarını (accusative definite plural third-person)
camıma (dative first-person singular)
camlarıma (dative first-person singular)
camına (dative second-person singular)
camlarına (dative second-person singular)
camına (dative singular third-person)
camlarına (dative singular third-person)
camımıza (dative first-person plural)
camlarımıza (dative first-person plural)
camınıza (dative plural second-person)
camlarınıza (dative plural second-person)
camlarına (dative plural third-person)
camımda (first-person locative singular)
camlarımda (first-person locative singular)
camında (locative second-person singular)
camlarında (locative second-person singular)
camında (locative singular third-person)
camlarında (locative singular third-person)
camımızda (first-person locative plural)
camlarımızda (first-person locative plural)
camınızda (locative plural second-person)
camlarınızda (locative plural second-person)
camlarında (locative plural third-person)
camımdan (ablative first-person singular)
camlarımdan (ablative first-person singular)
camından (ablative second-person singular)
camlarından (ablative second-person singular)
camından (ablative singular third-person)
camlarından (ablative singular third-person)
camımızdan (ablative first-person plural)
camlarımızdan (ablative first-person plural)
camınızdan (ablative plural second-person)
camlarınızdan (ablative plural second-person)
camlarından (ablative plural third-person)
camımın (first-person genitive singular)
camlarımın (first-person genitive singular)
camının (genitive second-person singular)
camlarının (genitive second-person singular)
camının (genitive singular third-person)
camlarının (genitive singular third-person)
camımızın (first-person genitive plural)
camlarımızın (first-person genitive plural)
camınızın (genitive plural second-person)
camlarınızın (genitive plural second-person)
camlarının (genitive plural third-person)
camım (first-person singular)
camlarım (first-person singular)
camsın (second-person singular)
camlarsın (second-person singular)
cam (singular third-person)
camdır (singular third-person)
camlar (singular third-person)
camlardır (singular third-person)
camız (first-person plural)
camlarız (first-person plural)
camsınız (plural second-person)
camlarsınız (plural second-person)
camlar (plural third-person)
camlardır (plural third-person)

From Ottoman Turkish جام (cam), from Persian جام (jâm).


cam

camım (first-person predicative present singular)
cam mıyım? (first-person interrogative predicative present singular)
cam değilim (first-person interrogative negative predicative present singular)
cam değil miyim? (first-person interrogative negative predicative present singular)
camsın (predicative present second-person singular)
cam mısın? (interrogative predicative present second-person singular)
cam değilsin (interrogative negative predicative present second-person singular)
cam değil misin? (interrogative negative predicative present second-person singular)
cam (predicative present singular third-person)
camdır (predicative present singular third-person)
cam mı? (interrogative predicative present singular third-person)
cam değil (interrogative negative predicative present singular third-person)
cam değil mi? (interrogative negative predicative present singular third-person)
camız (first-person plural predicative present)
cam mıyız? (first-person interrogative plural predicative present)
cam değiliz (first-person interrogative negative plural predicative present)
cam değil miyiz? (first-person interrogative negative plural predicative present)
camsınız (plural predicative present second-person)
cam mısınız? (interrogative plural predicative present second-person)
cam değilsiniz (interrogative negative plural predicative present second-person)
cam değil misiniz? (interrogative negative plural predicative present second-person)
cam (plural predicative present third-person)
camlar (plural predicative present third-person)
cam mı? (interrogative plural predicative present third-person)
camlar mı? (interrogative plural predicative present third-person)
cam değil (interrogative negative plural predicative present third-person)
cam değiller (interrogative negative plural predicative present third-person)
cam değiller mi? (interrogative negative plural predicative present third-person)
camdım (first-person past predicative singular)
cam mıydım? (first-person interrogative past predicative singular)
cam değildim (first-person interrogative negative past predicative singular)
cam değil miydim? (first-person interrogative negative past predicative singular)
camdın (past predicative second-person singular)
cam mıydın? (interrogative past predicative second-person singular)
cam değildin (interrogative negative past predicative second-person singular)
cam değil miydin? (interrogative negative past predicative second-person singular)
camdı (past predicative singular third-person)
cam mıydı? (interrogative past predicative singular third-person)
cam değildi (interrogative negative past predicative singular third-person)
cam değil miydi? (interrogative negative past predicative singular third-person)
camdık (first-person past plural predicative)
cam mıydık? (first-person interrogative past plural predicative)
cam değildik (first-person interrogative negative past plural predicative)
cam değil miydik? (first-person interrogative negative past plural predicative)
camdınız (past plural predicative second-person)
cam mıydınız? (interrogative past plural predicative second-person)
cam değildiniz (interrogative negative past plural predicative second-person)
cam değil miydiniz? (interrogative negative past plural predicative second-person)
camdılar (past plural predicative third-person)
cam mıydılar? (interrogative past plural predicative third-person)
cam değildi (interrogative negative past plural predicative third-person)
cam değildiler (interrogative negative past plural predicative third-person)
değillerdi (interrogative negative past plural predicative third-person)
cam değil miydiler? (interrogative negative past plural predicative third-person)
cammışım (first-person past predicative singular)
cam mıymışım? (first-person interrogative past predicative singular)
cam değilmişim (first-person interrogative negative past predicative singular)
cam değil miymişim? (first-person interrogative negative past predicative singular)
cammışsın (past predicative second-person singular)
cam mıymışsın? (interrogative past predicative second-person singular)
cam değilmişsin (interrogative negative past predicative second-person singular)
cam değil miymişsin? (interrogative negative past predicative second-person singular)
cammış (past predicative singular third-person)
cam mıymış? (interrogative past predicative singular third-person)
cam değilmiş (interrogative negative past predicative singular third-person)
cam değil miymiş? (interrogative negative past predicative singular third-person)
cammışız (first-person past plural predicative)
cam mıymışız? (first-person interrogative past plural predicative)
cam değilmişiz (first-person interrogative negative past plural predicative)
cam değil miymişiz? (first-person interrogative negative past plural predicative)
cammışsınız (past plural predicative second-person)
cam mıymışsınız? (interrogative past plural predicative second-person)
cam değilmişsiniz (interrogative negative past plural predicative second-person)
cam değil miymişsiniz? (interrogative negative past plural predicative second-person)
cammışlar (past plural predicative third-person)
cam mıymışlar? (interrogative past plural predicative third-person)
cam değilmiş (interrogative negative past plural predicative third-person)
cam değilmişler (interrogative negative past plural predicative third-person)
değillermiş (interrogative negative past plural predicative third-person)
cam değil miymişler? (interrogative negative past plural predicative third-person)
camsam (conditional first-person predicative singular)
cam mıysam? (conditional first-person interrogative predicative singular)
cam değilsem (conditional first-person interrogative negative predicative singular)
cam değil miysem? (conditional first-person interrogative negative predicative singular)
camsan (conditional predicative second-person singular)
cam mıysan? (conditional interrogative predicative second-person singular)
cam değilsen (conditional interrogative negative predicative second-person singular)
cam değil miysen? (conditional interrogative negative predicative second-person singular)
camsa (conditional predicative singular third-person)
cam mıysa? (conditional interrogative predicative singular third-person)
cam değilse (conditional interrogative negative predicative singular third-person)
cam değil miyse? (conditional interrogative negative predicative singular third-person)
camsak (conditional first-person plural predicative)
cam mıysak? (conditional first-person interrogative plural predicative)
cam değilsek (conditional first-person interrogative negative plural predicative)
cam değil miysek? (conditional first-person interrogative negative plural predicative)
camsanız (conditional plural predicative second-person)
cam mıysanız? (conditional interrogative plural predicative second-person)
cam değilseniz (conditional interrogative negative plural predicative second-person)
cam değil miyseniz? (conditional interrogative negative plural predicative second-person)
camsalar (conditional plural predicative third-person)
cam mıysalar? (conditional interrogative plural predicative third-person)
cam değilseler (conditional interrogative negative plural predicative third-person)
değillerse (conditional interrogative negative plural predicative third-person)
cam değil miyseler? (conditional interrogative negative plural predicative third-person)


canna

canna m (genitive singular canna, nominative plural cannaí)

canna (genitive singular)
cannaí (nominative plural)
nominative (indefinite)
canna (indefinite singular)
cannaí (indefinite plural)
vocative (indefinite)
a channa (indefinite singular)
a channaí (indefinite plural)
genitive (indefinite)
dative (indefinite)
nominative (definite)
an canna (definite singular)
na cannaí (definite plural)
genitive (definite)
an channa (definite singular)
na gcannaí (definite plural)
dative (definite)
leis an gcanna (definite singular)
don channa (definite singular)
leis na cannaí (definite plural)
canna
channa
gcanna

From Middle Irish cann, canna (“can, vessel”), borrowed from Old English canne.


carboy

From Persian قرابه (qarrâbeh, qarrâbah).

A few of them then boarded her and were busily engaged in what appeared, from my distant position, as the emptying of the contents of various carboys upon the dead bodies of the sailors and over the decks and works of the vessel.

1912 February–July, Edgar Rice Burroughs, “Under the Moons of Mars”, in The All-Story, New York, N.Y.: Frank A. Munsey Co., →OCLC; republished as “A Fair Captive from the Sky”, in A Princess of Mars, Chicago, Ill.: A[lexander] C[aldwell] McClurg & Co., 1917 October, →OCLC, page 77:

A large, rigid bottle, originally made of glass and mainly used for fermentation, and now commonly made of plastic and used to store liquids.


cove

Inherited from Latin cophinus, from Ancient Greek κόφινος (kóphinos, “basket”).


dubber

From Arabic دُبَّاء (dubbāʔ, “bottle gourd”).

A globular vessel or bottle of leather, used in India to hold ghee, oil, etc.


ewer

From Middle English ewer, from Anglo-Norman or Old French ewer, eawer (modern French évier), from Latin aquārium, from aqua (“water”). Doublet of aquarium.

A kind of widemouthed pitcher or jug with a shape like a vase and a handle. Originally used for carrying water

кувши́н

с ручкой (ručkoj) и широким (širokim) горлышком (gorlyškom)


ewer

English: ewer

Borrowed from Old French ewer, from Latin aquārium.

University of Michigan
w:University of Michigan


gunny

en-noun

gunny (usually uncountable, plural gunnies)

From Hindi and Marathi गनी (ganī) or गोन (gon), from Sanskrit गोणी (goṇī), ultimately of Dravidian origin.

Traffic is brisk, and goods consists of rice, gunny (hessian), maize and native implements.

1946 September and October, “Notes and News: Light Railways in India”, in Railway Magazine, page 316:

Provisions were ferried by camel in stout sacks of gunny with blocks of ice packed round them; a herculean task.

1974, Lawrence Durrell, Monsieur, Faber & Faber, published 1992, page 102:

(uncountable) A coarse heavy fabric made of jute or hemp.


gunny

The gunny's voice reverberated between the barracks as we marched, “Ya left right . . . left right . . . left right left. […] Then the gunny unexpectedly stopped our forward movement. “Company, halt!”

2004, Buzz Williams, Spare parts: a marine reservist's journey from campus to combat in Vietnam:

“As a rule of thumb, Marine corporals, when a gunny asks a question, answer it,”

Alongside even' officer chain of command is an enlisted one, and the company gunnery sergeant ("gunny" for short) is the enlisted counterpart […] Without a gunny, the day-to-day operations of the infantry would likely grind to a halt.

2010, Donovan Campbell, Joker One: A Marine Platoon's Story of Courage, Leadership, and ..., page 37:

(countable, informal) A gunnery sergeant.


hod

en-verb

hod (third-person singular simple present hods, present participle hodding, simple past and past participle hodded)

hods (present singular third-person)
hodding (participle present)
hodded (participle past)
hodded (past)

Borrowed from Scots hod (“to jog along on horseback”), probably related to hotch (“(verb) to move up and down jerkily, bob; to jog along on horseback; to hop like a frog; to fidget; to shrug; to heave with laughter; to cause to move jerkily; to shift in a sitting position to make room for others; to be overrun with; to swarm; (figuratively) to be angry; (noun) a jerk, jolt; a shrug; a fidget, twitch; a swarm of vermin; large, ungainly woman; untidy woman (figuratively) a hostile encounter, clash; state of disorder and filth, mess”) (whence English hotch (“to move irregularly up and down; to swarm”) (chiefly Scotland)), from Late Middle English hotchen (“to move jerkily, jolt; to attack (someone) (?)”), from Anglo-Norman hocher (“to shake (something) to and fro, jostle; to attack”) and Middle French hocher, Middle French, Old French hochier (“to shake (something) to and fro, jostle; to be unstable or wobbly, shake”) (modern French hocher (“to nod the head”)), from Frankish *hotsōn, *hottisōn, from *hottōn (“to shake; to toss”), perhaps ultimately from Proto-Germanic *hud- (“to shake”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ket- or *kwēt- (“to rock back and forth; to shake”), probably originally onomatopoeic.
Compare Scots hotter (“(verb) to move in a jerky, uneven manner; to jolt; to shake; to walk unsteadily, totter; to shiver, shudder; to shake (with laughter); of liquid, etc.: to boil, bubble, seethe, sputter; to crowd, swarm; (noun) jolting or shaking; rattling sound; bubbling of boiling liquid; a shake, shiver; crowd, seething mass; motion or noise of such a crowd; jumbled heap”)).
cognates
* Middle Dutch hutsen (modern Dutch hutsen (“to jog, jolt; to shake”)), Middle Dutch hotsen (modern Dutch hotsen, hossen (“to shake or swing to and fro; to run quickly”))
* German hotzen (“to shake or swing to and fro; to run quickly”) (Southern Germany)
* Low German hūdern (“to shake; to shudder”)
* Middle High German hozzen (“act of swinging someone to and fro to punish them (?)”)
* Old English hūdenian (“to rock back and forth, shake, sway”)

cog

To have caught young wild ducks—a dozen— / So we "hodded" them in a hat to town, / To get them "pot-luck"—at least a "shake down," / With some tame, domestic cousin.

1851, J. de Jean [i.e., John de Jean Fraser], “The Wild Ducks”, in Poems, Dublin: James McGlashan, […]; London; Liverpool: W[illia]m S. Orr and Co., →OCLC, stanza 2, page 144:

They hodded off the furniture, moth-eaten, cracked, and old, / For iron old the swords and helms and dish-covers they sold; […]

1879 October 4, C. G., “The Legend of Doppelganger Tower”, in Young Ireland. An Irish Magazine of Entertainment and Instruction, volume V, number 40, Dublin: Published at the offices of the “Nation” and “Weekly News,” […], →OCLC, page 632, column 2:

Hoddin gray, a coarse grey woollen cloth, called "hoddin" from country people wearing it, who "hodded," that is, jogged along on carthorses.

[1884], “For a’ That, and a’ That”, in Sonnenschein’s Special Merit Readers. Standard III, London: W[illiam] Swan Sonnenschein & Co., […], →OCLC, page 8:

It was decided we should travel on all night; […] The bright lamps, shining forth into the mist and on the smoking horses and the hodding post-boy, gave me perhaps an outlook intrinsically more cheerful than what day had shown; or perhaps my mind had become wearied of its melancholy.

1889, Robert Louis Stevenson, “Mr. Mackellar’s Journey with the Master”, in The Master of Ballantrae. […], London, Paris: Cassell & Company, […], →OCLC, page 229:

(intransitive, Scotland, obsolete) To bob up and down on horseback, as an inexperienced rider may do; to jog.


hod

Probably an alteration of hot (“(Northern England, Scotland) large basket for carrying earth, etc.”), from Middle English hott, hote, hotte (“large basket or pannier for carrying earth, etc.; unit of measure for grain; hut or shed (perhaps originally of wattlework); lump of dirt (?)”) [and other forms], from Anglo-Norman and Old French hote, hotte (“large basket carried on the back”) (modern French hotte (“carrying basket”)), from Frankish *hotta (“basket”), perhaps from Proto-Germanic *hud- (“to shake”) (see further at etymology 1), ultimately an onomatopoeia of the swaying movement of such a basket (compare Middle Dutch hotten (“to jolt; shake”)).
cognates
* German Hotte (“wooden basket carried on the back; (specifically) basket for collecting grapes from a vineyard”) (Rhineland, Swabia), Hutte (“basket for collecting grapes from a vineyard”) (Alsace, Switzerland)
* Late Latin hotta, hottus (“hod”)

A fork and a hooke, to be tampring in claie, / a lath hammer, trowel, a hod, or a traie.

1878, Thomas Tusser, “A Digression to Husbandlie Furniture”, in Five Hundred Pointes of Good Husbandrie. […], London: Published for the English Dialect Society by Trübner & Co., […], →OCLC; republished as W[illiam] Payne, Sidney J[ohn Hervon] Herrtage, editors, Five Hundred Pointes of Good Husbandrie. […], London: Published for the English Dialect Society by Trübner & Co., […], 1878, →OCLC, stanza 16, page 37:

Oiſeau: […] a Hodd; the Tray vvherein Maſons, &c, carrie their Mortar.

1611, Randle Cotgrave, compiler, “Oiseau”, in A Dictionarie of the French and English Tongues, London: […] Adam Islip, →OCLC, signature Lll, recto, column 1:

And then Arthur and I, we soon drew our hods / And we scarce gave them time for to draw their own blades / When a trusty shillelagh came over their heads / And bade them take that as fair warning.

c. 1810?, “Arthur MacBride”, in Patrick Crotty, editor, The Penguin Book of Irish Poetry (Penguin Classics), London, New York, N.Y.: Penguin Books, published 2012, →ISBN, part IX (Songs and Ballads since 1801), stanza 6, page 924:

Alas, so it is everywhere, so it will ever be; till the Hod[-]man is discharged, or reduced to hodbearing; and an Architect is hired, and on all hands fitly encouraged:[…]

[1831, Thomas Carlyle, “Pedagogy”, in Sartor Resartus: The Life and Opinions of Herr Teufelsdröckh. […], London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, 2nd book, page 73:

Independent candidate, who wants the Irish vote and Dutch suffrages, entered, borne in a mortar hod, bare-footed, with a shillelagh in one hand, a whiskey bottle in the other, a Dutch pipe in his mouth, and a small barrel of beer strapped to his back.

1855, Q. K. Philander Doesticks [pseudonym], “’Lection Day.—‘Paddy’ versus ‘Sam.’”, in Doesticks: What He Says, New York, N.Y.: Edward Livermore, […], →OCLC, page 277:

Make your son a shoemaker,—a bricklayer,—or give him no more education than shall fit him to carry a hod,—and with patience and industry he may make a fortune, and he may do it with uninjured feelings; […]

1865, A[mbrose] H[ardinge] Giffard, Edward Giffard, Who Was My Grandfather?: An Autobiographical Sketch, London: […] Harrison and Sons, […], →OCLC, page 13:

Sacks of lime, and piles of sand, coils of cord and blocks of stone, scaffold-poles and timber-baulks, wheel-barrows grovelling upside-down, shovels and hods and planks and ladders, hats upon tombstones, and jackets on graves, sacred niches garnished with tobacco-pipes, and pious memories enlivened by "Jim Crow"—so cheerful was the British workman, before he was educated.

1894, R[ichard] D[oddridge] Blackmore, “Nicie”, in Perlycross: A Tale of the Western Hills, London: Sampson Low, Marston, & Company […], →OCLC, page 20:

Put a clay pipe in [Richard] Nixon’s mouth and a hod on his shoulder or a shillelagh in his hand, and there, complete with beetling brows and uptilted nose, is the original of the old cartoon stereotype of the fighting Irishman—the Irishman of the draft riots or of Punch’s version of the Sinn Feiner.

1960, Stewart Alsop, “How They Got that Way: Nixon”, in Nixon & Rockefeller: A Double Portrait, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday & Company, →OCLC, page 124:

A three-sided box mounted on a pole for carrying bricks, mortar, or other construction materials over the shoulder.

hotte

The pewterers employ a very peculiar modification of the blowpipe, which may be called the hot-air blast, and the names for which apparatus are no less peculiar; a fig. 313, being called the hod, and b, the gentleman. The first is a common cast-iron pot with a close cover, containing ignited charcoal; two nozzles lead into and from it, to allow the passage of a stream of air, through the pipe c, from bellows worked by the foot.

1843, Charles Holtzapffel, “Soldering”, in Turning and Mechanical Manipulation. Intended as a Work of General Reference and Practical Instruction, on the Lathe, and the Various Mechanical Pursuits Followed by Amateurs, volumes I (Materials; […]), London: […] Holtzapffel & Co., […], →OCLC, pages 449–450:

'Clerking' is perhaps the most difficult and most admired job on a racecourse. The next time you see a bookmaker at his hod, waving his ticket-filled hands, shouting the odds, look to his left, just back a bit—out of the limelight. The bloke sitting there with his head buried deep in a ledger is the clerk.

2006, Tommy Steele, chapter 6, in Bermondsey Boy: Memories of a Forgotten World, large print edition, Bath, Somerset: Windsor Paragon; BBC Audiobooks, published 2007, →ISBN, page 64:

Coordinate term: scuttle

[…] Fanny, forgetful of her young-ladyism and her sixteen years, had boxed Tom's ears, and Tom, resenting the insult, had forcibly seated her in the coal-hod, where he held her with one hand while he returned the compliment with the other.

1869–1870, Louisa M[ay] Alcott, “New Fashions”, in An Old-Fashioned Girl, Boston, Mass.: Roberts Brothers, published 1870, →OCLC, page 31:

My friend comes home and finds his dressing-gown and slippers in front of the fire. He is tired and cross, and doesn't want to sling ashes nor bang a coal-hod. But the sight of the fire makes him feel better at once, and if there be no fire, there are no ashes.

1884, John McGovern, “Wedded Life”, in The Golden Censer: Or, The Duties of To-day, the Hopes of the Future, Chicago, Ill., Columbus, Oh.: Union Publishing House, →OCLC, page 266:

The household uses of copper are principally for cooking utensils and a variety of miscellaneous items, such as urns, bowls, hods, lamps, candlesticks, vases, book ends, and ash trays.

1938, Raymond B[artlett] Stevens et al., “Copper Utensils and Hollow or Flat Plate”, in Trade Agreement between the United States and the United Kingdom: Digests of Trade Data with Respect to Products on which Concessions Were Granted by the United States, volume IV, Washington, D.C.: United States Tariff Commission, →OCLC, page 3-42:

(originally British, dialectal and US) A receptacle for carrying coal, particularly one shaped like a bucket which is designed for loading coal or coke through the door of a firebox.


jigger

→ Catalan: gigre

From jig + -er (agent suffix). Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary suggests a possible link to Old High German gīga (“fiddle”).

(golf, dated) A golf club used to play low flying shots to the putting green from short distances.

“an air-brush is a big thing-a-ma-bob or whatcha-callit, full of gas, and when you turn on a little jigger, it causes compressed air to squeeze out, which, in turn, going through a needle—” “That wasn't part of the contract, Mr. Jones,” […]

(US) A placeholder name for any small mechanical device.


penner

English: penner

Borrowed from Latin pennārium; equivalent to penne + -er.


rummer

Partly from Dutch roemer, rummer (West Flanders); partly from Middle Low German römer; partly from German Römer (“Roman person or thing”), named because it was made in glassworks dating from the Roman era. See also roemer; and for the etymology compare Romeware.

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-rummer.wav

I won, and regaled myself with cold roast beef and rummers of punch.

1793, James Boswell, “Journals 1789–1795”, in Danziger, Brady, editors, Boswell: The Great Biographer, Yale, published 1989, page 241:

A large drinking-glass for alcoholic drinks, chiefly wine, typically with a short or heavy stem.


sod

sọ̑d (canonical inanimate masculine)
please help by adding the tonal marks.
sód (nominative singular)
sóda (dual nominative)
sódi (nominative plural)
sóda (genitive singular)
sódov (dual genitive)
sódov (genitive plural)
sódu (dative singular)
sódoma (dative dual)
sódom (dative plural)
sód (accusative singular)
sóda (accusative dual)
sóde (accusative plural)
sódu (locative singular)
sódih (dual locative)
sódih (locative plural)
sódom (instrumental singular)
sódoma (dual instrumental)
sódi (instrumental plural)
please help by adding the tonal marks.
sód (nominative singular)
sodôva (dual nominative)
sodôvi (nominative plural)
sóda (genitive singular)
sodôv (dual genitive)
sodôv (genitive plural)
sódu (dative singular)
sodôvoma (dative dual)
sodôvom (dative plural)
sód (accusative singular)
sodôva (accusative dual)
sodôve (accusative plural)
sódu (locative singular)
sodôvih (dual locative)
sodôvih (locative plural)
sódom (instrumental singular)
sodôvoma (dual instrumental)
sodôvi (instrumental plural)


soma

soma (nominative singular)
somas (nominative plural)
somu (accusative singular)
somas (accusative plural)
somas (genitive singular)
somu (genitive plural)
somai (dative singular)
somām (dative plural)
somu (instrumental singular)
somām (instrumental plural)
somā (locative singular)
somās (locative plural)
soma (singular vocative)
somas (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Old East Slavic сума (suma) (compare Russian сума́ (sumá)), itself borrowed (via Polish) from Old High German soum (“burden”) (compare German Saum), from Ancient Greek σάγμα (ságma) (whence also Latin sagma, sauma (“burden saddle, burden”)). The borrowing happened in the 13th century, when Old East Slavic у was still pronounced as [oː]. The word soma is first attested in 17th-century dictionaries with meanings such as “bread sack”, “bag”, “travel bag”.

ķengura soma

(biology, anatomy) pouch (skin fold in marsupials to keep a newborn baby)


tas

nl-noun

tas f (plural tassen, diminutive tasje n)

tassen (plural)
tasje (diminutive neuter)

Jersey Dutch: tās, tos

→ Aukan: tasi

→ Caribbean Hindustani: tás

→ Kari'na: tasy

→ Indonesian: tas
→ Ternate: tas

From Middle Dutch tassche, tasche, from Old Dutch *taska, from Frankish and Proto-West Germanic *taska, from Proto-Germanic *taskǭ. Compare Old High German tasca (modern German Tasche), Middle Low German taske, English tasse.


tas

→ Ternate: tas

From Dutch tas, from Middle Dutch tassche, tasche, from Old Dutch *taska, from Frankish, from Proto-Germanic *taskǭ. Compare Old High German tasca (modern German Tasche), Middle Low German taske, English tasse.


taster

From Middle English taster; equivalent to taste + -er.

Big companies such as P&G or Kraft Heinz employ or contract with professional tasters who help with product development.

Being a cook for protectees also entails being a taster for them.

Thy tutor be thy taster, ere thou eat

1693, Decimus Junius Juvenalis, John Dryden, transl., “[The Satires of Decimus Junius Juvenalis.] The Sixth Satyr”, in The Satires of Decimus Junius Juvenalis. Translated into English Verse. […] Together with the Satires of Aulus Persius Flaccus. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson […], →OCLC:

Someone who tastes something; especially, either (1) to check its quality (in food science, winemaking, etc.) or (2) as a security measure to prevent assassination of a protectee.


crate

From Dutch krat (“crate, large box, basket”), from Middle Dutch cratte (“basketware, mold”), from Old Dutch *kratta, *kratto (“basket”), from Proto-Germanic *kratjô, *krattijô (“basket”), from Proto-Indo-European *gretH- (“plaiting, wicker, basket, cradle”), from Proto-Indo-European *ger- (“to bind, twist, wind”).
Cognate with West Frisian kret (“wheelbarrow”), German Krätze (“basket”), Old English cræt, ceart (“cart, wagon, chariot”), Old Norse kartr (“wagon”), modern English cart. Wider cognates include Sanskrit ग्रन्थ (grantha, “a binding”).
Alternatively from Latin crātis (“wickerwork”), perhaps from the same PIE root.

der

A large open box or basket, used especially to transport fragile goods.

And Rust never compiles modules separately, even if they're in separate files: when you build a Rust crate, you're recompiling all of its modules.

2017, Jim Blandy, Jason Orendorff, Programming Rust: Fast, Safe Systems Development, "O'Reilly Media, Inc.", →ISBN, page 166:

(programming) In the Rust programming language, a binary or library.


crater

la-noun

crātēr m (genitive crātēris or crātēros); third declension

crātēr (canonical masculine)
crātēris (genitive)
crātēros (genitive)
crātēr (nominative singular)
crātērēs (nominative plural)
crātēres (nominative plural)
crātēris (genitive singular)
crātēros (genitive singular)
crātērum (genitive plural)
crātērī (dative singular)
crātēribus (dative plural)
crātērem (accusative singular)
crātēra (accusative singular)
crātērēs (accusative plural)
crātēras (accusative plural)
crātēre (ablative singular)
crātēribus (ablative plural)
crātēr (singular vocative)
crātērēs (plural vocative)
crātēres (plural vocative)

→ English: crater

→ Finnish: krateeri

→ French: cratère

→ German: Krater

→ Hungarian: kráter

→ Serbo-Croatian: кра́тер

→ Russian: кра́тер (kráter)

→ Sicilian: cratiri

→ Spanish: cráter

→ Catalan: cràter

→ Galician: cráter

Borrowed from Ancient Greek κρᾱτήρ (krātḗr, “mixingbowl, wassail-bowl”), from κεράννυμι (keránnumi, “to mix, to mingle, to blend”).

bor

A basin or bowl for water or for mixing.


creel

From Middle English crele, possibly from an Old French root *creille, variant of greille (compare French grille), from Latin crāticula. Alternatively, this word may have originally been of Scottish origin.

Return with a creel of trout for supper.

1895, R. D. Blackmore, Slain By The Doones, Dodd, Mead and Company, page 6:

Her great creel forehead-slung, she wanders nigh,
 Easing the heavy strap with gnarled, brown fingers

A woven basket, especially a wicker basket and especially as follows:

(fishing) An osier basket that anglers use to hold fish.

(chiefly historical) Such a basket slung as a backpack for cargo, especially in times and places with limited or nonexistent wheeled transport, as for example among peasants in mountainous regions.

(chiefly historical) Such a basket slung on a pack animal; a pannier.

(textile making) A bar or set of bars with skewers for holding paying-off bobbins, as in the roving machine, throstle, and mule.


cuvette

a pot, bucket, or basin, in which molten plate glass is carried from the melting pot to the casting table

The cell / DNA mixtures were nucleoporated in 1 cm transfection cuvettes according to a predefined program on the Nucleofactor.

2015 August 15, “Spatial and Temporal Control of Cavitation Allows High In Vitro Transfection Efficiency in the Absence of Transfection Reagents or Contrast Agents”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:

(analytical chemistry) a small vessel with at least two flat and transparent sides, used to hold a liquid sample to be analysed in the light path of a spectrometer


disc

disċ (canonical masculine)
disċ (nominative singular)
discas (nominative plural)
disċ (accusative singular)
discas (accusative plural)
disċes (genitive singular)
disca (genitive plural)
disċe (dative singular)
discum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: disch, dish, disc
English: dish
Tok Pisin: dis
Scots: dish
Yola: dishe

From Proto-West Germanic *disk, from Latin discus, originally from Ancient Greek δίσκος (dískos, “disk, quoit, platter”).


housewife

en-noun

housewife (plural housewives or housewifes)

From Middle English houswyf, housewif, huswijf, equivalent to house + wife; a doublet of hussy, which it was long-distinguished with and displaced due to gradual negative connotation (see Online Etymology Dictionary entry). Cognate with German Hausweib.

Coordinate term: househusband

2000, Uli Kusch, "Mr. Torture", Helloween, The Dark Ride
Mr Torture sells pain / To the housewives in Spain / He knows just what they crave / Mr Torture

(plural "housewives") A woman whose main employment is homemaking, maintaining the upkeep of her home and tending to household affairs; often, such a woman whose sole [unpaid] employment is homemaking.

It was a housewife, containing needles, a bodkin, and thread; ‘and, do you know,’ added he, ‘it was the most useful thing she could have given me, for it lasted all the time I was at Rome to mend my clothes with […].’

1828, JT Smith, Nollekens and His Times, Century Hutchinson, published 1986, page 246:

Woffington's housewife, made by herself, homely to the eye, but holds everything in the world

1852, Tom Taylor, Charles Reade, Masks and Faces, act II:

The "soldier's housewife" was a small sewing kit that was carried to make timely repairs to clothing and equipment.

1997, David L. Phillips, A Soldier's Story, MetroBooks, →ISBN, page 61:

(plural "housewifes") A little case or bag for materials used in sewing, and for other articles of female work.


housewife

en-verb

housewife (third-person singular simple present housewifes, present participle housewifing, simple past and past participle housewifed)

housewifes (present singular third-person)
housewifing (participle present)
housewifed (participle past)
housewifed (past)

Career opportunity […] is the one who never knocks — especially not on the doors of women, who are still hooking, housewifing and hairdressing for their livings.

1983 December 10, Jolanta Benal, “The Second Revolution”, in Gay Community News, volume 11, number 21, page 14:


knapsack

From Low German knapzak or Dutch knapzak (older form cnapsack), from Middle Dutch cnappen (“to bite with teeth”), ultimately from knappen (“to eat, crack”), of imitative origin, + sack. German Knappsack is from Dutch.

onomatopoeic

imitative

(cryptography) A set of values from which a subset is chosen.


serviette

→ Bavarian: Serviettn

→ Deori: Serviette

→ Dutch: servet

→ English: serviette

→ Greek: σερβιέτα (serviéta)

→ Lithuanian: servetėlė

→ Indonesian: serbet

desctree

→ Polish: serwetka
→ Yiddish: סערוועטקע (servetke)

→ Romanian: șervet

→ Spanish: servilleta


funda

(Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, Ecuador) a bag made of paper or plastic


cis

head

cis f (genitive singular cise, nominative plural ciseanna)

cise (genitive singular)
ciseanna (nominative plural)

From Middle Irish ces (“basket, hamper, pannier; bee-hive, skep; causeway of hurdles”), from Old Norse kesja, Latin cista.


nipperkin

Probably from nip (“a dram or sip”) + -er + -kin as in kilderkin.

[L]et Tim send the ale and the sack, and the nipperkin of double-distilled, with a bit of diet-loaf, or some such trinket, and score it to the new comer.

1822 May 29, [Walter Scott], chapter XII, in The Fortunes of Nigel. […], volume II, Edinburgh: […] [James Ballantyne and Co.] for Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co., →OCLC, page 297:

(archaic) A small amount of beer, wine, or other liquid, of perhaps 1/8 pint in volume.


caisson

→ English: caisson

→ Turkish: keson

From Old Occitan caisson, from caissa. By surface analysis, caisse + -on.

(engineering) caisson (structure to exclude water)


वन

vána (romanization)
वनम् (nominative singular)
वने (dual nominative)
वनानि (nominative plural)
वना1 (nominative plural)
वन (singular vocative)
वने (dual vocative)
वनानि (plural vocative)
वना1 (plural vocative)
वनम् (accusative singular)
वने (accusative dual)
वनानि (accusative plural)
वना1 (accusative plural)
वनेन (instrumental singular)
वनाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
वनैः (instrumental plural)
वनेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
वनाय (dative singular)
वनाभ्याम् (dative dual)
वनेभ्यः (dative plural)
वनात् (ablative singular)
वनाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
वनेभ्यः (ablative plural)
वनस्य (genitive singular)
वनयोः (dual genitive)
वनानाम् (genitive plural)
वने (locative singular)
वनयोः (dual locative)
वनेषु (locative plural)

Paisaci Prakrit:

Punjabi: ਵਣ (vaṇa)

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀯𑀡 (vaṇa)

Hindi: बन (ban)

Bengali: বন (bon)

→ Malayalam: വനം (vanaṁ)

→ Tamil: வனம் (vaṉam)

→ Kannada: ವನ (vana)

desctree

→ Old Javanese: wana
> Javanese: ꦮꦤ (wana) (inherited)
→ Indonesian: wana
→ Balinese: ᬯᬦ (wana)

→ Sundanese: ᮝᮔ (wana)

Sinhalese: වනය (wanaya)

Sindhi: वणु sg (vaṇu, “tree”)

Thematised from वन् (ván, “tree, wood”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wán- (“tree, wood”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬥𐬁 (vanā, “tree”), Pashto ونه (wëna, “tree”), Sogdian wn (“tree”), Middle Persian [script needed] (wan /wn'/, “tree”).

cog

Cyperus rotundus
Cyperus rotundus#Translingual


stoop

From Middle English stoupen, from Old English stūpian (“to bow, bend”), from Proto-West Germanic *stūpōn, from Proto-Germanic *stūpōną, *stūpijaną (“to stand out”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)tewb- (“to push, butt, knock”). Compare steep. Cognate with Dutch stuipen (“to bend the upper part of the body forward and downward”), Old Norse stúpa (“to stoop”). Related also to Old Frisian stēpa (“to help”), Old Norse steypa (“to cause to stoop, cast down, overthrow”).

cog

At length the hawk got the upper hand, and made a rushing stoop at her quarry

1819, “Bracebridge Hall”, in Hawking, Washington Irving:

An accelerated descent in flight, as that for an attack.


stoop

From Middle English stope, stoupe, from Old Norse staup (“dip, well, cup”), from Proto-Germanic *staupą, related to the verb *staupijaną (“to steep”). Related to Old English stēap (“drinking vessel, cup, flagon, stoop”).

A vessel for holding liquids; like a flagon but without the spout.


piccolo

Western concert flute
Western concert flute

A transverse flute that is smaller than a Western concert flute and pitched nearly an octave higher.


saddlebag

/ˈsædəlˌbæɡ/

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-saddlebag.wav

(cycling, nonstandard, by extension) pannier


borsa

→ Amharic: ቦርሳ (borsa)

→ Arabic: بورصة

→ Armenian: բորսա (borsa)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: پارسه (parsa), پارسا (parsa)
Turkish: parsa

→ Ottoman Turkish: بورسه (borsa), بورسا (borsa)
Turkish: borsa

→ Slovene: borša

→ Tigrinya: ቦርሳ (borsa)


kuka

kukák (plural)
kuka (nominative singular)
kukák (nominative plural)
kukát (accusative singular)
kukákat (accusative plural)
kukának (dative singular)
kukáknak (dative plural)
kukával (instrumental singular)
kukákkal (instrumental plural)
kukáért (causal-final singular)
kukákért (causal-final plural)
kukává (singular translative)
kukákká (plural translative)
kukáig (singular terminative)
kukákig (plural terminative)
kukaként (essive-formal singular)
kukákként (essive-formal plural)
kukában (inessive singular)
kukákban (inessive plural)
kukán (singular superessive)
kukákon (plural superessive)
kukánál (adessive singular)
kukáknál (adessive plural)
kukába (illative singular)
kukákba (illative plural)
kukára (singular sublative)
kukákra (plural sublative)
kukához (allative singular)
kukákhoz (allative plural)
kukából (elative singular)
kukákból (elative plural)
kukáról (delative singular)
kukákról (delative plural)
kukától (ablative singular)
kukáktól (ablative plural)
kukáé (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
kukáké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
kukáéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
kukákéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
kukám (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
kukáim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
kukád (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
kukáid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
kukája (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
kukái (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
kukánk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
kukáink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
kukátok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
kukáitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
kukájuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
kukáik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

Via Czech, from German KUKA, short for Keller und Knappich Augsburg, a German firm which manufactured and supplied orange refuse collection vehicles. Today the company KUKA produces industrial robots and automation technologies.

garbage can, trash can, refuse bin (especially an outdoor container)


mud

en-noun

mud (countable and uncountable, plural muds)

From Middle English mud, mudde, mode, probably a borrowing from Middle Dutch mod, modde or Middle Low German mudde, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *mud-, *mudra- (“mud”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *mū-, *mew- (“moist”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Mudde (“mud”), Middle High German mot (“mud”), Swedish modd (“slush”). Compare also suffixed variants West Frisian modder (“mud”), Dutch modder (“mud”), German Low German Mudder (“mud”), German Moder (“moldiness, mildew, decay”), English mother (“vinegar-forming sediment in alcohol”), Danish mudder (“mud”). Alternative etymology suggests the Proto-Germanic word is possibly borrowed from a Uralic language (compare e.g. Finnish muta (“mud”), Northern Sami mođđi (“mud”), from Proto-Uralic *muďa).

cog

throw enough mud at the wall and some of it will stick


táska

táskák (plural)
táska (nominative singular)
táskák (nominative plural)
táskát (accusative singular)
táskákat (accusative plural)
táskának (dative singular)
táskáknak (dative plural)
táskával (instrumental singular)
táskákkal (instrumental plural)
táskáért (causal-final singular)
táskákért (causal-final plural)
táskává (singular translative)
táskákká (plural translative)
táskáig (singular terminative)
táskákig (plural terminative)
táskaként (essive-formal singular)
táskákként (essive-formal plural)
táskában (inessive singular)
táskákban (inessive plural)
táskán (singular superessive)
táskákon (plural superessive)
táskánál (adessive singular)
táskáknál (adessive plural)
táskába (illative singular)
táskákba (illative plural)
táskára (singular sublative)
táskákra (plural sublative)
táskához (allative singular)
táskákhoz (allative plural)
táskából (elative singular)
táskákból (elative plural)
táskáról (delative singular)
táskákról (delative plural)
táskától (ablative singular)
táskáktól (ablative plural)
táskáé (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
táskáké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
táskáéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
táskákéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
táskám (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
táskáim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
táskád (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
táskáid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
táskája (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
táskái (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
táskánk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
táskáink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
táskátok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
táskáitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
táskájuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
táskáik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

Borrowed from Italian tasca (“pocket”). Compare Frankish *taska, Old High German tasca (“pouch”), German Tasche (“pocket”).

A táskája, amiben ott lapul a zsebkendő, pénztárca, igazolvány, kulcs, cigaretta.

2006, Ildikó Naomi Nagy, “A táskám mélyén”, in Látó, volume 17, number 3:

Her bag with handkerchief, wallet, ID, keys and cigarettes lying in it.

bag (container made of textile or leather, used for carrying personal items)


flask

→ Irish: fleasc

→ Welsh: fflasg

From Middle English flask, flaske (“case, cask, keg”), from Old English flasce, flaxe (“bottle, flask”) and Medieval Latin flascō (“bottle”); from Frankish *flaskā; whence also Dutch fles; both from Proto-Germanic *flaskǭ (“braid-covered bottle, wicker-enclosed jug”) (whence also German Low German Flaske, Fless, German Flasche, Danish flaske), from Proto-Indo-European *ploḱ-skō (“flat”) (whence also Lithuanian plókščias, Czech ploský, Albanian flashkët), or from Proto-Indo-European *pleḱ- (“to weave”). Doublet of fiasco, flacon, and flagon.
The sense “laborator glassware” is from Italian fiasco, and the sense “container for holding a casting mold” is from Middle French flasque (“powder flask”), itself from Old Spanish flasco, frasco, both from Late Latin above.

der

A container used to discreetly carry a small amount of a hard alcoholic beverage; a pocket flask.

دَوْرَق

container for a small amount of beverage

زَمْزَمِيَّة

container to carry a small amount of alcoholic beverage; pocket flask


flask

desctree

English: flask
→ Irish: fleasc
→ Welsh: fflasg

Scots: flask, flas

From Anglo-Norman flascon, from Frankish *flaskā, from Proto-Germanic *flaskǭ. Reinforced by existing Old English flasce, from the same source.

A container for the storage of garments.


meh

mȇh (canonical masculine)
ме̑х (Cyrillic)
mȇh (nominative singular)
mȅhovi (nominative plural)
meha (genitive singular)
mehova (genitive plural)
mehu (dative singular)
mehovima (dative plural)
meh (accusative singular)
mehove (accusative plural)
mehu (singular vocative)
meše (singular vocative)
mehovi (plural vocative)
mehu (locative singular)
mehovima (locative plural)
mehom (instrumental singular)
mehovima (instrumental plural)


casket

Probably from Norman cassette. Possibly reformed by analogy with cask, thus analyzable as cask + -et. Doublet of cassette.


zainetto

diminutive of zaino (“backpack”): zaino + -etto.

a small rucksack, as worn by schoolchildren


rucksack

a bag carried on the back or shoulder, supported by straps


backpack

Rachel discovered that she could also keep things in her backpack that were important to her, nobody would know about them because they would be hidden. These important things included a small round rock that she had found […]

2011, Thelma J. Miller, What's in Your Backpack?, page 8:

Many seats carry reservation labels, while the luggage racks are festooned with backpacks and suitcases.

2022 November 30, Paul Bigland, “Destination Oban: a Sunday in Scotland”, in RAIL, number 971, page 77:

A knapsack, sometimes mounted on a light frame, but always supported by straps, worn on a person’s back for the purpose of carrying things, especially when hiking, or on a student's back when carrying books.

rugsak

worn on a person's back, e.g., for hiking


carton

en-noun

carton (countable and uncountable, plural cartons)

Borrowed from French carton, from Italian cartone. Doublet of cartoon.

Mr Yunupingu was referred to the clinic where I was working at that time, Northside Clinic, for treatment of his alcohol problem. I think he described drinking between one and four cartons every single day - it's quite a phenomenal amount.

2009 October 19, Oliver O'Connell, Message From Mr Yunupingu:

(Australia) A cardboard box that holds (usually 24) beer bottles or cans.


fanny pack

She wears her fanny pack every day on her morning jog around Central Park.

(Canada, US) A small fabric pouch secured with a zipper and worn at the waist by a strap around the hips.


hopper

From Middle English hoppere, alteration of *hoppe (found in grashoppe (“grasshopper”)), from Old English *hoppa (“one who hops, hopper”), equivalent to hop + -er. Cognate with Dutch hopper (“hopper”), Swedish hoppare (“hopper, jumper”), Icelandic hoppari (“hopper”).


dilly bag

From Yagara dili (“coarse grass; small fibre bag or basket”).


drum

Perhaps back-formation from drumslade (“drummer”), from Middle Dutch trommelslach (“drumbeat”), from trommel (“drum”) + slach (“beat”) (Dutch slag).
Or perhaps borrowed directly from a continental Germanic language; compare Middle Dutch tromme (“drum”), Middle Low German trumme (“drum”) et al. Compare also Middle High German trumme, trumbe (“drum”), Old High German trumba (“trumpet”).

back-form

construction barrel
construction barrel#English


coffin

From Middle English coffyn, from Old Northern French cofin (“sarcophagus", earlier "basket, coffer”), from Latin cophinus (“basket”), a loanword from Ancient Greek κόφινος (kóphinos, “a basket”). Doublet of coffer.

der

[…] Passing the apple-tree blows of white and pink in the orchards, / Carrying a corpse to where it shall rest in the grave, / Night and day journeys a coffin.

1865, Walt Whitman, “When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom’d”, in Sequel to Drum-Taps: When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom’d and other poems:

20 May 2018, Hadley Freeman in The Guardian, Is Meghan Markle the American the royals have needed all along?
I’d always found the royals a cold proposition, Diana excepted, but the sight of that little boy, his head bent, not daring to look up at his mother’s coffin in front of him was, and remains, genuinely heartbreaking.

Plans to carry the Queen's coffin from Edinburgh to London by rail were scrapped in favour of travel in a Royal Air Force cargo aircraft.

2022 September 21, “Network News: Decision not to use Royal Train sharply divides opinion”, in RAIL, number 966, page 8:

A closed box in which the body of a dead person is placed for burial.


container

→ Danish: container

→ Dutch: container

→ French: container

→ German: Container

→ Greek: κοντέινερ (kontéiner)

→ Japanese: コンテナ

→ Korean: 컨테이너 (keonteineo)

desc

→ Norwegian Bokmål: container, konteiner

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: container, konteinar

→ Brazilian Portuguese: contêiner, container

→ Russian: контейнер (kontejner)

→ Spanish: container

→ Swahili: kontena

→ Swedish: container

From Middle English conteyner, equivalent to contain + -er.

As the MP4 container can store audio, video, or both, the M4A naming and file extension is used to hint that this MP4 container holds solely audio information.

2011, Cory Altheide, Harlan Carvey, Digital Forensics with Open Source Tools, page 187:

(file format) A file format that can hold various types of data.


container

→ Turkish: konteyner

→ Vietnamese: công-te-nơ

Borrowed from English container (during the 1920s).


container

container (indefinite nominative singular)
containers (genitive indefinite singular)
containern (definite nominative singular)
containerns (definite genitive singular)
containrar (indefinite nominative plural)
containers (indefinite nominative plural)
containrars (genitive indefinite plural)
containers (genitive indefinite plural)
containrarna (definite nominative plural)
containrarnas (definite genitive plural)

Borrowed from English container. First attested in 1936.

två containrar föll överbord


crockery

en-noun

crockery (usually uncountable, plural crockeries)

From crocker (“(obsolete) potter”) + -ery (suffix with the sense ‘a class, group, or collection of’ forming nouns). Crocker is derived from crock (“earthenware or stoneware jar or storage container”) + -er (suffix attached to nouns indicating persons whose occupations are indicated by the nouns); crock is from Middle English crok, crokke (“earthenware jar, pot, or other container; cauldron; belly, stomach”) [and other forms], from Old English crocc, crocca (“crock, pot, vessel”) [and other forms], from Proto-Germanic *krukkō, *krukkô (“vessel”), from Proto-Indo-European *growg- (“vessel”).

suffix

All the street was lined with wretched hucksters and their merchandise of gooseberries, green apples, children's dirty cakes, cheap crockeries, brushes, and tin-ware; among which objects the people were swarming about busily.

1843, W[illiam] M[akepeace] Thackeray, “From Waterford to Cork”, in The Irish Sketch Book, London, Glasgow: Collins’ Clear-type Press, →OCLC, page 60:

Crocks or earthenware vessels, especially domestic utensils, collectively.

terrissa

crocks or earthenware vessels, especially domestic utensils, collectively

Dishes, plates, and similar tableware collectively, usually made of some ceramic material, used for serving food on and eating from.

breekware

dishes, plates, and other tableware, usually made of some ceramic material used for serving food on and eating it from


jug

en-noun

jug (countable and uncountable, plural jugs)

→ Welsh: jwg, jẁg, siwg

From Middle English jugge, of uncertain origin. Possibly a variant of Middle English jubbe, jobbe, iubbe, geobbe, itself of unknown origin; or perhaps continuing (in altered form) Old English ċēac (“pitcher; jug”). Compare also jug (“a low woman, maidservant”), from Jug, familiar form of Joanna.

the jug goes to the well until it breaks

(New Zealand) An upright electric kettle.

(US, slang) The P-47 Thunderbolt fighter aircraft.


jug

When the dog’s owners returned with their shopping, I asked what the little dog was. She was a Jug, a Jack Russell-Pug cross. We found out lots about this crossbreed, thought long and hard, and decided a Jug and a Spitz could work really well together.

2013, Lost & Found: True tales of love and rescue from Battersea Dogs & Cats Home, Penguin Group:

2014, Alan Kenworthy, Jugs: Buying, Caring For, Grooming, Health, Training and Understanding Your Jug Dog or Puppy, Feel Happy Limited

2015, George Hoppendale, Jugs: Jug Dog Complete Owners Manual - Jug book for care, costs, feeding, grooming, health and training, Internet Marketing Business

Stanley ¶ Jug (Jack Russell/Pug cross); 18 months old; keeps fit chasing his ball or frisbee, but would rather be laid on his back, snoring

2018, Cheryl Murphy, Dogs just wanna have FUN!, Veloce Publishing, page 110:

A small mixed breed of dog created by mating a Jack Russell terrier and a pug.


jug

en-verb

jug (third-person singular simple present jugs, present participle jugging, simple past and past participle jugged)

jugs (present singular third-person)
jugging (participle present)
jugged (participle past)
jugged (past)

Origin uncertain. Perhaps a shortening of juggernaut or an alteration of juke/jook. Compare juug.

unk

Origin uncertain

(slang) To hustle or make money, usually aggressively.


barattolo

Unknown. Possibly from French baratte (“churn”).


coop

Dutch Bantam
Marshall, Texas
Oxford English Dictionary
coop

From Middle English cǒupe, cupe, from Old English cȳpe (“basket, cask”) or possibly from Middle Dutch cûpe (compare modern Dutch kuip, Saterland Frisian kupe, Middle Low German kûpe), from Old Saxon *kûpa, côpa (“cask”) (compare Middle Low German kôpe, Old High German chôfa, chuofa, Middle High German kuofe, modern regional German Kufe f (“cask”)), probably from Latin cūpa, Medieval Latin cōpa (“cask”) (thus a doublet of coupe, cup, and keeve). However, the Oxford English Dictionary notes that if the word is from Latin, “it is difficult to account for the umlaut in Old English cýpe”.

COOP. n. ſ. [kuype, Dutch.] 1. A barrel; a veſſel for the preſervation of liquids.

[1755, Samuel Johnson, “coop”, in A Dictionary of the English Language: In which the Words are Deduced from their Originals, and Illustrated in their Different Significations by Examples from the Best Writers, to which are Prefixed, a History of the Language, and an English Grammar. By Samuel Johnson, A.M. In Two Volumes, volumes I (A–K), London: Printed by W[illiam] Strahan, for J[ohn] and P[aul] Knapton; T[homas] and T[homas] Longman; C. Hitch and L. Hawes; A[ndrew] Millar; and R[obert] and J[ames] Dodsley, →OCLC:

COOP, n. […] 3. A barrel or cask for the preservation of liquors.

[1832, Noah Webster, “coop”, in E[dmund] H[enry] Barker, editor, A Dictionary of the English Language [...] In Two Volumes. [...] Reprinted by E. H. Barker, Esq., of Thetford, Norfolk, from a Copy Communicated by the Author, and Containing Many Manuscript Corrections and Additions, 1st English edition, volume I, London: Printed by Black, Young, and Young, foreign booksellers to the King, 2 Tavistock Street, Covent Garden, →OCLC:

(obsolete) A barrel or cask for holding liquids.


coop

en-verb

coop (third-person singular simple present coops, present participle cooping, simple past and past participle cooped)

coops (present singular third-person)
cooping (participle present)
cooped (participle past)
cooped (past)

COOPING. The term cooping refers to police officers sleeping on duty. […] One critic of two-man squad cars suggests that this is a recipe for cooping, since one officer can drive while the other sleeps.

2001, Mitchel P. Roth, Historical Dictionary of Law Enforcement, Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, →ISBN, pages 76–77:

One of his first, and most groundbreaking, stories was about "cooping," police slang for sleeping on duty. It was sparked when Burnham interviewed Jim Curran, then a New York City policeman, who referred to someone being "in the coop," Burnham recalled. […] Burnham heard that every day thousands upon thousands of New York police supposedly working the night shift were actually sleeping, stashed in coops all over the city, only to be awakened if a crime was discovered. […] Cooping was a natural result and a dramatic example of a city agency misusing its resources.

2010, Bill Kovach, Tom Rosenstiel, Blur: How to Know What's True in the Age of Information Overload, New York, N.Y.: Bloomsbury USA, →ISBN, page 155:

The majority of policemen, […] act so as to save the public from harm, i.e., they shun their duties. Instead of being up and about, interfering with the rights of the people, many policemen choose the honorable way out—they coop. Cooping (sleeping in some out-of-the-way place while on duty) was a situation which enraged [Frank] Serpico. In the finest tradition of the busybody who insists on running other people's lives, Serpico insisted on being out on the streets at all hours, stopping a prostitute here, ambushing a gambler there, harassing drug merchants everywhere.

2012, Walter Block, Defending the Undefendable: The Pimp, Prostitute, Scab, Slumlord, Libeler, Moneylender, and Other Scapegoats in the Rogue's Gallery of American Society, Baltimore, Md.: Laissez Faire Books, →ISBN:

This cynicism may lead to an increased number of job actions and deviance, such as the "blue flu" or "cooping."

2012, Jeffrey Ian Ross, Policing Issues: Challenges and Controversies, Sudbury, Mass.: Jones & Bartlett Learning, →ISBN, page 66:

Cooping-prone areas are those locations where officers tend to engage in non-police activities that interrupt patrols in an unauthorized manner. A variety of such locations can be surmised, such as spending time at home or other locations not in the officer's area of responsibility while on duty. The department provided the example of officers parking in desolate areas to sleep.

2015, Steven V. Gilbert, Barbara A. Gilbert, Police Corruption in the NYPD: From Knapp to Mollen, Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press, →ISBN, pages 116–117:

(intransitive, law enforcement, slang) Of a police officer: to sleep or relax while on duty.


coop

Possibly from coop, above. Sense 2 may be from English coup (“to tilt, overturn, upset”).

cog

COOP, […] A cart, the box of which moves upon its shafts by hinges, by which means it may be emptied of its load without unyoking the horse, S. "The body of the cowp-cart is attached to the shafts by a peculiar kind of hinges, which allow of elevating it before, either partially or entirely, to facilitate the discharge of its load backwards, either by degrees into small heaps, or at once, without the trouble of unyoking the shaft horse." Agr. Surv. of Berw. p. 167. As used in the latter sense, the term is obviously from the v. to Coup, to overturn.

[1825, John Jamieson, “COOP”, in Supplement to the Etymological Dictionary of the Scottish Language: […], volume I (A–J) (in Scots), Edinburgh: […] University Press; for W[illiam] & C[harles] Tait, […]; London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green, →OCLC, page 248, column 1:

(regional, England, Scotland) A cart which opens at the back to release its load; a tumbril.