pensar

es-verb

pensar (first-person singular present pienso, first-person singular preterite pensé, past participle pensado)

pienso (first-person present singular)
pensé (first-person preterite singular)
pensado (participle past)
pensar (infinitive)
pensando (gerund)
pensado (masculine participle past singular)
pensada (feminine participle past singular)
pensados (masculine participle past plural)
pensadas (feminine participle past plural)
pienso (first-person indicative present singular)
piensas (indicative informal present second-person singular)
pensás (indicative informal present second-person singular vos-form)
piensa (indicative present singular third-person)
pensamos (first-person indicative plural present)
pensáis (indicative plural present second-person)
piensan (indicative plural present third-person)
pensaba (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
pensabas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
pensaba (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
pensábamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
pensabais (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
pensaban (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
pensé (first-person indicative preterite singular)
pensaste (indicative preterite second-person singular)
pensó (indicative preterite singular third-person)
pensamos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
pensasteis (indicative plural preterite second-person)
pensaron (indicative plural preterite third-person)
pensaré (first-person future indicative singular)
pensarás (future indicative second-person singular)
pensará (future indicative singular third-person)
pensaremos (first-person future indicative plural)
pensaréis (future indicative plural second-person)
pensarán (future indicative plural third-person)
pensaría (conditional first-person indicative singular)
pensarías (conditional indicative second-person singular)
pensaría (conditional indicative singular third-person)
pensaríamos (conditional first-person indicative plural)
pensaríais (conditional indicative plural second-person)
pensarían (conditional indicative plural third-person)
piense (first-person present singular subjunctive)
pienses (informal present second-person singular subjunctive)
pensés (informal present second-person singular subjunctive vos-form)
piense (present singular subjunctive third-person)
pensemos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
penséis (plural present second-person subjunctive)
piensen (plural present subjunctive third-person)
pensara (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
pensaras (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
pensara (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
pensáramos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
pensarais (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
pensaran (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
pensase (first-person imperfect imperfect-se singular subjunctive)
pensases (imperfect imperfect-se second-person singular subjunctive)
pensase (imperfect imperfect-se singular subjunctive third-person)
pensásemos (first-person imperfect imperfect-se plural subjunctive)
pensaseis (imperfect imperfect-se plural second-person subjunctive)
pensasen (imperfect imperfect-se plural subjunctive third-person)
pensare (first-person future singular subjunctive)
pensares (future second-person singular subjunctive)
pensare (future singular subjunctive third-person)
pensáremos (first-person future plural subjunctive)
pensareis (future plural second-person subjunctive)
pensaren (future plural subjunctive third-person)
piensa (imperative informal second-person singular)
pensá (imperative informal second-person singular vos-form)
piense (formal imperative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
piense (imperative singular third-person)
pensemos (first-person imperative plural)
pensad (imperative plural second-person)
piensen (formal imperative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
piensen (imperative plural third-person)
pienses (imperative negative second-person singular)
piense (formal imperative negative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
piense (imperative negative singular third-person)
pensemos (first-person imperative negative plural)
penséis (imperative negative plural second-person)
piensen (formal imperative negative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
piensen (imperative negative plural third-person)
pensarme (combined-form dative infinitive object-first-person object-singular)
pensarte (combined-form dative infinitive object-second-person object-singular)
pensarle (combined-form dative infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
pensarse (combined-form dative infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
pensarnos (combined-form dative infinitive object-first-person object-plural)
pensaros (combined-form dative infinitive object-plural object-second-person)
pensarles (combined-form dative infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
pensarse (combined-form dative infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
pensarme (accusative combined-form infinitive object-first-person object-singular)
pensarte (accusative combined-form infinitive object-second-person object-singular)
pensarlo (accusative combined-form infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
pensarla (accusative combined-form infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
pensarse (accusative combined-form infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
pensarnos (accusative combined-form infinitive object-first-person object-plural)
pensaros (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-second-person)
pensarlos (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
pensarlas (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
pensarse (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
pensándome (combined-form dative gerund object-first-person object-singular)
pensándote (combined-form dative gerund object-second-person object-singular)
pensándole (combined-form dative gerund object-singular object-third-person)
pensándose (combined-form dative gerund object-singular object-third-person)
pensándonos (combined-form dative gerund object-first-person object-plural)
pensándoos (combined-form dative gerund object-plural object-second-person)
pensándoles (combined-form dative gerund object-plural object-third-person)
pensándose (combined-form dative gerund object-plural object-third-person)
pensándome (accusative combined-form gerund object-first-person object-singular)
pensándote (accusative combined-form gerund object-second-person object-singular)
pensándolo (accusative combined-form gerund object-singular object-third-person)
pensándola (accusative combined-form gerund object-singular object-third-person)
pensándose (accusative combined-form gerund object-singular object-third-person)
pensándonos (accusative combined-form gerund object-first-person object-plural)
pensándoos (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-second-person)
pensándolos (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-third-person)
pensándolas (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-third-person)
pensándose (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-third-person)
piénsame (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
piénsate (combined-form dative imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
piénsale (combined-form dative imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
piénsanos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-tú)
piénsales (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
piénsame (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
piénsate (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
piénsalo (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
piénsala (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
piénsanos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-tú)
piénsalos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
piénsalas (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
pensame (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
pensate (combined-form dative imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
pensale (combined-form dative imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
pensanos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-vos)
pensales (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
pensame (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
pensate (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
pensalo (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
pensala (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
pensanos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-vos)
pensalos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
pensalas (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
piénseme (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-singular second-person singular)
piénsele (combined-form dative formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
piénsese (combined-form dative formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
piénsenos (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-plural second-person singular)
piénseles (combined-form dative formal imperative object-plural object-third-person second-person singular)
piénseme (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-singular second-person singular)
piénselo (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
piénsela (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
piénsese (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
piénsenos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-plural second-person singular)
piénselos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person second-person singular)
piénselas (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person second-person singular)
pensémoste (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-second-person object-singular plural)
pensémosle (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-singular object-third-person plural)
pensémonos (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-first-person object-plural plural)
pensémoos (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-plural object-second-person plural)
pensémosles (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-plural object-third-person plural)
pensémoste (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-second-person object-singular plural)
pensémoslo (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-singular object-third-person plural)
pensémosla (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-singular object-third-person plural)
pensémonos (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-first-person object-plural plural)
pensémoos (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-plural object-second-person plural)
pensémoslos (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-plural object-third-person plural)
pensémoslas (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-plural object-third-person plural)
pensadme (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
pensadle (combined-form dative imperative informal object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
pensadnos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
pensaos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-second-person plural second-person)
pensadles (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
pensadme (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
pensadlo (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
pensadla (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
pensadnos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
pensaos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-second-person plural second-person)
pensadlos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
pensadlas (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
piénsenme (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
piénsenle (combined-form dative formal imperative object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
piénsennos (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
piénsenles (combined-form dative formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
piénsense (combined-form dative formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
piénsenme (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
piénsenlo (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
piénsenla (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
piénsennos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
piénsenlos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
piénsenlas (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
piénsense (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)

Sabir: pensar

Borrowed from Latin pēnsāre. Doublet of pesar. Compare English perceive.

piensa el ladrón que todos son de su condición

Pienso, luego existo.
I think, therefore I am.
(René Descartes)
(translated from the original Latin to Spanish)

¿Piensas que la historia es buena?

Nunca pensé lastimarte.

No pienso afeitarme hasta que llegue el verano.

¿Por qué no pensé en eso antes?


meditation

en-noun

meditation (countable and uncountable, plural meditations)

From Old French meditacion, from Latin meditatio, from meditatus, the past participle of meditārī (“to meditate, to think over, consider”), itself from Proto-Indo-European *med- (“to measure, limit, consider, advise”).

der

Her book is less a cookbook than a meditation on the craft of cookery.

A contemplative discourse, often on a religious or philosophical subject.


semen

enm-verb

semen (third-person singular simple present semeth, present participle semende, semynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle semed)

semeth (present singular third-person)
semende (participle present)
semynge (participle present)
semed (first-person indicative participle past singular third-person)
semen (infinitive)
to semen (infinitive)
seme (infinitive)
seme (first-person present singular)
semed (first-person past singular)
semest (present second-person singular)
semedest (past second-person singular)
semeth (present singular third-person)
semed (past singular third-person)
seme (present singular subjunctive)
semed (past singular subjunctive)
seme (imperative present singular)
semen (plural present)
seme (plural present)
semeden (past plural)
semede (past plural)
semeth (imperative plural present)
seme (imperative plural present)
semynge (participle present)
semende (participle present)
semed (participle past)
ysemed (participle past)

English: seem

Scots: seem

Borrowed from Old Norse sœma, from Proto-Germanic *sōmijaną, thus a doublet of Etymology 1.

To believe or assume; to develop a belief:

To deem or consider; to form a judgement.


wish

From Middle English wisshen, wischen, wüschen, from Old English wȳsċan (“to wish”), from Proto-West Germanic *wunskijan, from Proto-Germanic *wunskijaną (“to wish”), from Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁- (“to wish, love”).
Cognate with Scots wis (“to wish”), Saterland Frisian wonskje (“to wish”), West Frisian winskje (“to wish”), Dutch wensen (“to wish”), German wünschen (“to wish”), Danish ønske (“to wish”), Icelandic æskja, óska (“to wish”), Latin Venus, veneror (“venerate, honour, love”).

der

if wishes were horses, beggars would ride

have a wish

make someone's wish come true

Send this message to six beings of your acquaintance, and your greatest wish shall come true!

2010, BioWare, Mass Effect 2 (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →OCLC, PC, scene: IT COULD HAPPEN TO YOU!:

A desire, hope, or longing for something or for something to happen.

make a wish

LESTER: You believe in wishes? I mean, you believe they come true?
CHESTER: Nah. I believe in wishes, but I don't believe they come true. Not unless it's a real easy wish, like "I wish I was at a birthday party." But you gotta blow out all the candles, or else the wish don't come true. If one candle stays lit, you don't get your wish.

2004, George Carlin, When Will Jesus Bring the Pork Chops?, New York: Hyperion Books, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 237:

An expression of such a desire, often connected with ideas of magic and supernatural power.


wish

en-verb

wish (third-person singular simple present wishes, present participle wishing, simple past and past participle wished)

wishes (present singular third-person)
wishing (participle present)
wished (participle past)
wished (past)

I'll come tomorrow, if you wish it.

Showing the population what we wish them to be is the best way for them to change.

2018 May 13, Justin King, “How to Fix the Storylines of Film and Television”, in Return of Kings:

I would not wish / Any companion in the world but you.

1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i]:

Now John the butler must be sent
To learn the road that Phyllis went:
The groom was wished to saddle Crop;
For John must neither light nor stop,
But find her, wheresoe'er she fled,
And bring her back alive or dead.

1716, Jonathan Swift, Phyllis, or the Progress of Love:

Yesterday, upon the stair / I met a man who wasn’t there / He wasn’t there again today / I wish, I wish he’d go away …

I wish he mean me well, that he takes so much pains!

1748, [Samuel Richardson], “Letter LXXXIV”, in Clarissa. Or, The History of a Young Lady: […], volume (please specify |volume=I to VII), London: […] S[amuel] Richardson; […], →OCLC:

She hears that Miss Bigg is to be married in a fortnight. I wish it may be so.

(transitive, now rare) To hope (+ object clause with may or in present subjunctive).

This is as good an argument as an antiquary could wish for.

1727, John Arbuthnot, Tables of Ancient Coins, Weights and Measures:

Mr. White took the paw from his pocket and eyed it dubiously. "I don't know what to wish for, and that's a fact," he said slowly. "It seems to me I've got all I want."

I wish I could go back in time and teach myself what I know now.

(intransitive, followed by for) To hope (for a particular outcome), even if that outcome is unlikely to occur or cannot occur.

Energy has seldom been found where we need it when we want it. Ancient nomads, wishing to ward off the evening chill and enjoy a meal around a campfire, had to collect wood and then spend time and effort coaxing the heat of friction out from between sticks to kindle a flame. With more settled people, animals were harnessed to capstans or caged in treadmills to turn grist into meal.

2013 July-August, Henry Petroski, “Geothermal Energy”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 4:

(intransitive, followed by to and an infinitive) To request or desire to do an activity.


concentration

en-noun

concentration (usually uncountable, plural concentrations)

qatılaşma

act or process of reducing the volume of a liquid


vis

visuri (plural)
vise (plural)
vis (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
visul (accusative definite nominative singular)
visuri (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
visurile (accusative definite nominative plural)
vis (indefinite singular)
visului (definite singular)
visuri (indefinite plural)
visurilor (definite plural)
visule (singular vocative)
visurilor (plural vocative)
vis (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
visul (accusative definite nominative singular)
vise (accusative indefinite nominative plural)
visele (accusative definite nominative plural)
vis (indefinite singular)
visului (definite singular)
vise (indefinite plural)
viselor (definite plural)
visule (singular vocative)
viselor (plural vocative)


imagination

imagination (countable and uncountable, plural imaginations)

/ɪˌmæd͡ʒəˈneɪʃən/

From Middle English ymaginacioun, from Old French imaginacion, ymaginacion, from Latin imāginātiō.

And yet the invention of young men, is more lively than that of old; and imaginations stream into their minds better, and, as it were, more divinely.

1625, Francis [Bacon], “Of Youth and Age”, in The Essayes […], 3rd edition, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, →OCLC:

A mental image formed by the action of the imagination as a faculty; something imagined.


intellectual

en-adj

intellectual (comparative more intellectual, superlative most intellectual)

more intellectual (comparative)
most intellectual (superlative)

/ˌɪntəˈlɛkt͡ʃʊəl/

/ˌɪntəˈlɛkt͡ʃəl/

From Old French intellectuel, from Latin intellectualis.

I deem not profitless those fleeting moods / Of shadowy exultation; not for this, / That they are kindred to our purer mind / And intellectual life […]

1805, William Wordsworth, The Prelude, Book II, lines 331-334 (eds. Jonathan Wordsworth, M. H. Abrams, & Stephen Gill, published by W. W. Norton & Company, 1979)


addeem

en-verb

addeem (third-person singular simple present addeems, present participle addeeming, simple past and past participle addeemed)

addeems (present singular third-person)
addeeming (participle present)
addeemed (participle past)
addeemed (past)

From Middle English *ademen, from Old English ādēman (“to judge, adjudge, doom, deem, try, adjudicate”); equivalent to a- + deem.

inh

(transitive, obsolete) To deem; think; judge; esteem; account; determine; be of an opinion.


envision

en-verb

envision (third-person singular simple present envisions, present participle envisioning, simple past and past participle envisioned)

envisions (present singular third-person)
envisioning (participle present)
envisioned (participle past)
envisioned (past)

From en- + vision, from Latin visionem (“a thing or sight seen”).

uder

Miller famously tried to use as little CGI as possible in Fury Road. Instead, he got people to make the freaky, impossible cars he’d envisioned—the spike-covered scavenger-mobiles, the monster-truck hot rod, the enormous War Rig that really serves as a main character in itself—into functional vehicles.

2017 December 1, Tom Breihan, “Mad Max: Fury Road might already be the best action movie ever made”, in The Onion AV Club:

(transitive) To conceive or see something within one's mind. To imagine.

想象

to conceive or see something within one's mind


approfondir

approfondir (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
approfondissant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
approfondi (participle past)
approfondis (first-person indicative present singular)
approfondis (indicative present second-person singular)
approfondit (indicative present singular third-person)
approfondissons (first-person indicative plural present)
approfondissez (indicative plural present second-person)
approfondissent (indicative plural present third-person)
approfondissais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
approfondissais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
approfondissait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
approfondissions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
approfondissiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
approfondissaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
approfondis (first-person historic indicative past singular)
approfondis (historic indicative past second-person singular)
approfondit (historic indicative past singular third-person)
approfondîmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
approfondîtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
approfondirent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
approfondirai (first-person future indicative singular)
approfondiras (future indicative second-person singular)
approfondira (future indicative singular third-person)
approfondirons (first-person future indicative plural)
approfondirez (future indicative plural second-person)
approfondiront (future indicative plural third-person)
approfondirais (conditional first-person singular)
approfondirais (conditional second-person singular)
approfondirait (conditional singular third-person)
approfondirions (conditional first-person plural)
approfondiriez (conditional plural second-person)
approfondiraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
approfondisse (first-person present singular subjunctive)
approfondisses (present second-person singular subjunctive)
approfondisse (present singular subjunctive third-person)
approfondissions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
approfondissiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
approfondissent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
approfondisse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
approfondisses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
approfondît (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
approfondissions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
approfondissiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
approfondissent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
approfondis (imperative second-person singular)
approfondissons (first-person imperative plural)
approfondissez (imperative plural second-person)

Avec ces propos et d’autres semblables, le pauvre gentilhomme perdait le jugement. Il passait les nuits et se donnait la torture pour les comprendre, pour les approfondir, pour leur tirer le sens des entrailles, ce qu’Aristote lui-même n’aurait pu faire, s’il fût ressuscité tout exprès pour cela.

1837, Louis Viardot, L’Ingénieux Hidalgo Don Quichotte de la Manche^(fr.Wikisource), translation of El ingenioso hidalgo Don Quijote de la Mancha by Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, Chapter I:

With these passages and other similar ones, the poor gentleman lost his judgement. He spent his nights and tortured himself to understand them, to consider them more deeply, to take from them their deepest meaning, which Aristotle himself would not have been able to do, had he been resurrected for that very purpose.

to consider more thoroughly, to delve deeper into


cogito

la-verb

cōgitō (present infinitive cōgitāre, perfect active cōgitāvī, supine cōgitātum); first conjugation

cōgitō (canonical)
cōgitāre (infinitive present)
cōgitāvī (active perfect)
cōgitātum (supine)
cōgitō (active first-person indicative present singular)
cōgitās (active indicative present second-person singular)
cōgitat (active indicative present singular third-person)
cōgitāmus (active first-person indicative plural present)
cōgitātis (active indicative plural present second-person)
cōgitant (active indicative plural present third-person)
cōgitābam (active first-person imperfect indicative singular)
cōgitābās (active imperfect indicative second-person singular)
cōgitābat (active imperfect indicative singular third-person)
cōgitābāmus (active first-person imperfect indicative plural)
cōgitābātis (active imperfect indicative plural second-person)
cōgitābant (active imperfect indicative plural third-person)
cōgitābō (active first-person future indicative singular)
cōgitābis (active future indicative second-person singular)
cōgitābit (active future indicative singular third-person)
cōgitābimus (active first-person future indicative plural)
cōgitābitis (active future indicative plural second-person)
cōgitābunt (active future indicative plural third-person)
cōgitāvī (active first-person indicative perfect singular)
cōgitāvistī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
cōgitāstī (active indicative perfect second-person singular)
cōgitāvit (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
cōgitāt (active indicative perfect singular third-person)
cōgitāvimus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
cōgitāmus (active first-person indicative perfect plural)
cōgitāvistis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
cōgitāstis (active indicative perfect plural second-person)
cōgitāvērunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
cōgitāvēre (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
cōgitārunt (active indicative perfect plural third-person)
cōgitāveram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
cōgitāram (active first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
cōgitāverās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
cōgitārās (active indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
cōgitāverat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
cōgitārat (active indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
cōgitāverāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
cōgitārāmus (active first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
cōgitāverātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
cōgitārātis (active indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
cōgitāverant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
cōgitārant (active indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
cōgitāverō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
cōgitārō (active first-person future indicative perfect singular)
cōgitāveris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
cōgitāris (active future indicative perfect second-person singular)
cōgitāverit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
cōgitārit (active future indicative perfect singular third-person)
cōgitāverimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
cōgitārimus (active first-person future indicative perfect plural)
cōgitāveritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
cōgitāritis (active future indicative perfect plural second-person)
cōgitāverint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
cōgitārint (active future indicative perfect plural third-person)
cōgitor (first-person indicative passive present singular)
cōgitāris (indicative passive present second-person singular)
cōgitāre (indicative passive present second-person singular)
cōgitātur (indicative passive present singular third-person)
cōgitāmur (first-person indicative passive plural present)
cōgitāminī (indicative passive plural present second-person)
cōgitantur (indicative passive plural present third-person)
cōgitābar (first-person imperfect indicative passive singular)
cōgitābāris (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
cōgitābāre (imperfect indicative passive second-person singular)
cōgitābātur (imperfect indicative passive singular third-person)
cōgitābāmur (first-person imperfect indicative passive plural)
cōgitābāminī (imperfect indicative passive plural second-person)
cōgitābantur (imperfect indicative passive plural third-person)
cōgitābor (first-person future indicative passive singular)
cōgitāberis (future indicative passive second-person singular)
cōgitābere (future indicative passive second-person singular)
cōgitābitur (future indicative passive singular third-person)
cōgitābimur (first-person future indicative passive plural)
cōgitābiminī (future indicative passive plural second-person)
cōgitābuntur (future indicative passive plural third-person)
cōgitem (active first-person present singular subjunctive)
cōgitēs (active present second-person singular subjunctive)
cōgitet (active present singular subjunctive third-person)
cōgitēmus (active first-person plural present subjunctive)
cōgitētis (active plural present second-person subjunctive)
cōgitent (active plural present subjunctive third-person)
cōgitārem (active first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
cōgitārēs (active imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
cōgitāret (active imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
cōgitārēmus (active first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
cōgitārētis (active imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
cōgitārent (active imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
cōgitāverim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
cōgitārim (active first-person perfect singular subjunctive)
cōgitāverīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
cōgitārīs (active perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
cōgitāverit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
cōgitārit (active perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
cōgitāverīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
cōgitārīmus (active first-person perfect plural subjunctive)
cōgitāverītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
cōgitārītis (active perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
cōgitāverint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
cōgitārint (active perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
cōgitāvissem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
cōgitāssem (active first-person pluperfect singular subjunctive)
cōgitāvissēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
cōgitāssēs (active pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
cōgitāvisset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
cōgitāsset (active pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
cōgitāvissēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
cōgitāssēmus (active first-person pluperfect plural subjunctive)
cōgitāvissētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
cōgitāssētis (active pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
cōgitāvissent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
cōgitāssent (active pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
cōgiter (first-person passive present singular subjunctive)
cōgitēris (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
cōgitēre (passive present second-person singular subjunctive)
cōgitētur (passive present singular subjunctive third-person)
cōgitēmur (first-person passive plural present subjunctive)
cōgitēminī (passive plural present second-person subjunctive)
cōgitentur (passive plural present subjunctive third-person)
cōgitārer (first-person imperfect passive singular subjunctive)
cōgitārēris (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
cōgitārēre (imperfect passive second-person singular subjunctive)
cōgitārētur (imperfect passive singular subjunctive third-person)
cōgitārēmur (first-person imperfect passive plural subjunctive)
cōgitārēminī (imperfect passive plural second-person subjunctive)
cōgitārentur (imperfect passive plural subjunctive third-person)
cōgitā (active imperative present second-person singular)
cōgitāte (active imperative plural present second-person)
cōgitātō (active future imperative second-person singular)
cōgitātō (active future imperative singular third-person)
cōgitātōte (active future imperative plural second-person)
cōgitantō (active future imperative plural third-person)
cōgitāre (imperative passive present second-person singular)
cōgitāminī (imperative passive plural present second-person)
cōgitātor (future imperative passive second-person singular)
cōgitātor (future imperative passive singular third-person)
cōgitantor (future imperative passive plural third-person)
cōgitāre (active infinitive present)
cōgitāvisse (active infinitive perfect)
cōgitāsse (active infinitive perfect)
cōgitātūrum esse (active future infinitive)
cōgitārī (infinitive passive present)
cōgitātum esse (infinitive passive perfect)
cōgitātum īrī (future infinitive passive)
cōgitāns (active participle present)
cōgitātūrus (active future participle)
cōgitātus (participle passive perfect)
cōgitandus (future participle passive)
cōgitandī (genitive gerund noun-from-verb)
cōgitandō (dative gerund noun-from-verb)
cōgitandum (accusative gerund noun-from-verb)
cōgitandō (ablative gerund noun-from-verb)
cōgitātum (accusative noun-from-verb supine)
cōgitātū (ablative noun-from-verb supine)

Eastern Romance:

Romanian: cugeta, cugetare

Italian: cogitare, coitare

Old Francoprovençal: cuidar, cuidier

Franco-Provençal: cuidier, cuidar

desctree

Old French: cuidier, cuider, kuider, quider, quidier
Bourguignon: cueudai
Lorrain: cueuder
French: cuider

Old Leonese:

Asturian: cuidar

Old Occitan: cuidar
Occitan: coidar

Old Galician-Portuguese: cuidar, coidar

Galician: coidar

Portuguese: cuidar

Old Spanish: coidar

Spanish: cuidar

Rhaeto-Romance:

Romansch: quitar

→ Proto-Albanian: *kugitɔnjœ,

Albanian: kujtonj (early version; Old Gheg)

Albanian: kujtoj

→ Catalan: cogitar

→ English: cogitate

→ French: cogiter

→ Italian: cogitare

→ Portuguese: cogitar

→ Spanish: cogitar

[ˈkoːɡɪt̪oː]

Nihil agis, nihil moliris, nihil cogitas quod non ego non modo audiam sed etiam videam planeque sentiam.

You do nothing, you plan nothing, you think of nothing which I not only do not hear, but which I do not see and know every particular of.

to ponder, meditate, reflect, consider (i.e. think of, about, over)

to intend, design, purpose, plan, devise (i.e. have in mind)


conceive

en-verb

conceive (third-person singular simple present conceives, present participle conceiving, simple past and past participle conceived)

conceives (present singular third-person)
conceiving (participle present)
conceived (participle past)
conceived (past)

From Middle English conceyven, from Old French concevoir, conceveir, from Latin concipiō, concipere (“to devise, to conceive”).

der

It was among the ruins of the Capitol that I first conceived the idea of a work which has amused and exercised near twenty years of my life.

1776, Edward Gibbon, The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, volume I, London: […] W[illiam] Strahan; and T[homas] Cadell, […], →OCLC:

At the mouth of the cave we found a single litter with six bearers, all of them mutes, waiting, and with them I was relieved to see our old friend Billali, for whom I had conceived a sort of affection.

1886 October – 1887 January, H[enry] Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1887, →OCLC:

There are, moreover, grounds for thinking that the Rosaline of Love’s Labour’s Lost was originally conceived of by Shakespeare as pale with black eyes—...

1890, Thomas Tyler, Shakespeare's Sonnets, D. Nutt, page 81:

The car cost $700 initially. The subsequent cost was mounting out of sight, but I had conceived an extraordinary fondness for the bug, and my sother had conceived an extraordinary fondness for me, so she allowed my passion for the car to ransack our savings.

1980 December 6, Nancy Walker, “Toodle-Oo, Doodle”, in Gay Community News, volume 8, number 20, page 12:

(transitive) To develop; to form in the mind; to imagine.

Can you conceive of him as a leader?

We shall, / As I conceive the journey, be at the Mount / Before you, Lepidus.

c. 1606–1607 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Anthonie and Cleopatra”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, (please specify the act number in uppercase Roman numerals), page 4:

[…]you will hardly conceive him to have been bred in the ſame Climate […]

1731 (date written), Simon Wagstaff [pseudonym; Jonathan Swift], “An Introduction to the Following Treatise”, in A Complete Collection of Genteel and Ingenious Conversation, […], London: […] B[enjamin] Motte […], published 1738, →OCLC, page lxii:

Now all this was very fine, but not at all in keeping with the Celebrity's character as I had come to conceive it. The idea that adulation ever cloyed on him was ludicrous in itself. In fact I thought the whole story fishy, and came very near to saying so.

1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter III, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

Remember, if you please, that the man you call slave sprang from the same seed, enjoys the same daylight, breathes like you, lives like you, dies like you. You can as easily conceive him a free man as he can conceive you a slave.

2008 [c. 65 CE], Seneca the Younger, “Letter on Slaves”, in Andrew Bailey et al., editors, The Broadview Anthology of Social and Political Thought, volume 1, →ISBN, page 258:

(transitive, intransitive with of, ditransitive) To imagine (as); to have a conception of; to form a representation of.

I conceive you.

1850, Nathaniel Hawthorne, chapter 3, in The Scarlet Letter, a Romance, Boston, Mass.: Ticknor, Reed, and Fields, →OCLC:


mente

From Old Galician-Portuguese mente, from Latin mentem (“mind”), from Proto-Indo-European *méntis (“thought”).


intelligence

en-noun

intelligence (countable and uncountable, plural intelligences)

From Middle English intelligence, from Old French intelligence, from Latin intelligentia, which is from inter- (“between”) + legere (“choose, pick out, read”), or Proto-Italic *legō (“to care”). Doublet of intelligentsia.

nobody ever went broke underestimating the intelligence of the American people

nobody ever went broke underestimating the intelligence of the American public

no one ever went broke underestimating the intelligence of the American public

Not so, however, with Tarzan, the man-child. His life amidst the dangers of the jungle had taught him to meet emergencies with self-confidence, and his higher intelligence resulted in a quickness of mental action far beyond the powers of the apes.

1912 October, Edgar Rice Burroughs, “Tarzan of the Apes”, in The All-Story, New York, N.Y.: Frank A. Munsey Co., →OCLC; republished as chapter 5, in Tarzan of the Apes, New York, N.Y.: A. L. Burt Company, 1914 June, →OCLC:

...the test of a first-rate intelligence is the ability to hold two opposed ideas in the mind at the same time, and still retain the ability to function.

1936 Feb., F. Scott Fitzgerald, "The Crack-Up", Esquire

Irregular bedtimes may disrupt healthy brain development in young children, according to a study of intelligence and sleeping habits. ¶ Going to bed at a different time each night affected girls more than boys, but both fared worse on mental tasks than children who had a set bedtime, researchers found.

2013 July 19, Ian Sample, “Irregular bedtimes may affect children's brains”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 189, number 6, page 34:

(chiefly uncountable) Capacity of mind, especially to understand principles, truths, facts or meanings, acquire knowledge, and apply it to practice; the ability to comprehend and learn; the ability to process sentient experience to generate true beliefs with a justified degree of confidence.


ponder

From Middle English ponderen, from Old French ponderer (“to weigh, balance, ponder”) from Latin ponderare (“to weigh, ponder”), from pondus (“weight”), from pendere (“to weigh”).

der

(glassblowing, obsolete) A fourteenth-century unit of glass.


ratio

la-noun

ratiō f (genitive ratiōnis); third declension

ratiō (canonical feminine)
ratiōnis (genitive)
ratiō (nominative singular)
ratiōnēs (nominative plural)
ratiōnis (genitive singular)
ratiōnum (genitive plural)
ratiōnī (dative singular)
ratiōnibus (dative plural)
ratiōnem (accusative singular)
ratiōnēs (accusative plural)
ratiōne (ablative singular)
ratiōnibus (ablative plural)
ratiō (singular vocative)
ratiōnēs (plural vocative)

Dalmatian:

rasaun, ratiáun

Italo-Romance:

Italian: ragione

Neapolitan: ragiune

Sicilian: ragiuni, raggiuni, raciuni

Padanian:

Friulian: reson

Ladin: reson

Piedmontese: rason

Romansch: raschun, raschung, radschun

Venetan: raxon, rajon

Northern Gallo-Romance:

Old French: raison

French: raison

Walloon: råjhon

→ English: reason

→ Irish: réasún

Southern Gallo-Romance:

Aragonese: razón

Catalan: raó

Occitan: rason

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: razón

Galician: razón

Portuguese: razão

Spanish: razón

Insular Romance: (newer forms influenced by Italian)

Old Sardinian: rathone, rethone

Middle Sardinian: rasione, rexione, arresoni

Modern Sardinian: regione, rejone, raxoni

Ancient borrowings:

→ Proto-Albanian: *rrësye

Albanian: arsye, arrësye

From the nominative ratiō:

Catalan: ràtio

Dutch: ratio
→ Indonesian: rasio

English: ratio

Esperanto: racio

French: ratio

Italian: ratio

Polish: racja

Portuguese: rácio

Romanian: rație

Spanish: ratio

From the accusative ratiōnem:

Catalan: ració

English: ration

French: ration

Galician: ración

Italian: razione

Portuguese: ração

Romanian: rațiune

Spanish: ración

Turkish: racon

qua ratione

at tū, seu ratiō tē nostrīs appulit ōrīs sīve deus, rēgnī commodā carpe meī.

But you, whether purpose or some god has driven you to our shores, enjoy the benefits of my kingdom. (trans. Anne and Peter Wiseman, 2011)

reason, reasoning, explanation, ground, motive, rationality, rationale, purpose

inire rationem

calculation, account, accounting, reckoning, computation, business

qua ratione

inire rationem

vix ratio iniri posset

c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico VII.24

procedure, course, manner, method, mode, conduct, plan

doctrine, system, philosophy (collective body of the teachings of a school of thought)

regard, respect, interest, consideration


thinker

/ˈθɪŋ.kə(ɹ)/

From Middle English thinkere, equivalent to think + -er. Compare West Frisian tinker (“thinker”), Dutch denker (“thinker”), German Denker (“thinker”), Danish tænker (“thinker”), Swedish tänkare (“thinker”).

The doer and the thinker
No allowance for the other.

1972, “Thick As A Brick”, Ian Anderson (lyrics), performed by Jethro Tull:

One who spends time thinking, contemplating or meditating.

From his studies of these thinkers and activists, Mr. Obama took what he called the “Niebuhrian” lesson that we can have “a cleareyed view of the world and the realities of cruelty and sin and greed and violence, and yet, still maintain a sense of hope and possibility, as an act of will and leap of faith.”

2020 December 8, Michiko Kakutani, “Obama, the Best-Selling Author, on Reading, Writing and Radical Empathy”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

An intellectual, such as a philosopher or theologian.

"Well, I tried to do like you and grandfather say; don't use my thinker, use imagination."

2011, Arthur Kornhaber, Rosie's Miracle: A Novel, page 271:

HANK: The NRA is a Washington D.C. based organization. Are you telling me you support Washington D.C.?
DALE: That's a thinker.

1997, "How to Fire a Rifle Without Really Trying" (King of the Hill TV series, season 2 episode 1)

(slang) A poser; a conundrum that requires some thinking.


brainwash

en-verb

brainwash (third-person singular simple present brainwashes, present participle brainwashing, simple past and past participle brainwashed)

brainwashes (present singular third-person)
brainwashing (participle present)
brainwashed (participle past)
brainwashed (past)

From brain + wash, calque of Chinese 洗腦／洗脑 (xǐnǎo), literally "to wash the brain". Usage via U.S. military during Korean War.

(psychology) To affect one's mind by using extreme mental pressure or any other mind-affecting process. (e.g. hypnosis)


reflect

reflect (third-person singular simple present reflects, present participle reflecting, simple past and past participle reflected)

reflects (present singular third-person)
reflecting (participle present)
reflected (participle past)
reflected (past)

From Old French reflecter (“to bend back, turn back”), from Latin reflectō (“I reflect”), from re- (“again”) + flectō (“I bend, I curve”). Compare English reflex.

uder

People do that sort of thing every day, without ever stopping to reflect on the consequences.

Standing on the mountain above Caerphilly, one may reflect upon the gap where once stood Llanbradach Viaduct, and look near at hand upon the restored ruins of Caerphilly Castle; man labours to rebuild the mediaeval whilst he ruthlessly scraps the modern.

1939 September, D. S. Barrie, “The Railways of South Wales”, in Railway Magazine, page 165:

Not for the first time, he reflected that it was not so much the speeches that strained the nerves as the palaver that went with them.

1985, Justin Richards, Option Lock, page 229:

Sitting on the dockside at Oban, watching the to-ing and fro-ing in the harbour on a perfect summer's eve, I reflect on a trip which has taken me through our busiest cities to traverse the country's main lines, as well as explore some of the furthest extremities that were literally out on a limb.

2022 November 30, Paul Bigland, “Destination Oban: a Sunday in Scotland”, in RAIL, number 971, page 79:

(intransitive) To think seriously; to ponder or consider.

մտորել

to think seriously; to ponder or consider


mens

la-noun

mēns f (genitive mentis); third declension

mēns (canonical feminine)
mentis (genitive)
mēns (nominative singular)
mentēs (nominative plural)
mentis (genitive singular)
mentium (genitive plural)
mentī (dative singular)
mentibus (dative plural)
mentem (accusative singular)
mentēs (accusative plural)
mentīs (accusative plural)
mente (ablative singular)
mentibus (ablative plural)
mēns (singular vocative)
mentēs (plural vocative)

Albanian: mend

Aromanian: minti, minte

Asturian: miente, mente

Catalan: ment

→ Esperanto: menso

Friulian: ment

Ido: mento

Italian: mente

Occitan: ment

Portuguese: mente

Romanian: minte

Sardinian: mente, menti

Sicilian: menti

Spanish: mente

Venetan: ménte

Italo-Romance:

Italian: -mente

Gallo-Romance:

Catalan: -ment

Franco-Provençal: -ment

Old French: -ment (see there for further descendants)

Occitan: -ment

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: -mente

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: -mente
Galician: -mente
Portuguese: -mente

Spanish: -mente

→ Interlingua: -mente (and from other Romance forms)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *men-
Proto-Indo-European *-tis
Proto-Indo-European *méntis
Proto-Italic *mentis
Latin mens
Inherited from Proto-Italic *mentis, from Proto-Indo-European *méntis (“thought”). Cognate with Sanskrit मति (matí), αὐτόματος (autómatos), μάντις (mántis), Russian мнить (mnitʹ, “to think”), Old English ġemynd (whence English mind).

etymon

“Nec venit in mentem quōrum cōnsēderis arvīs?”
“Does it not come into [your] mind [the sort of people] whose lands you have settled?”
(Idiomatic translations vary – Mackail, 1885: “nor does it cross thy mind”; Knight, 1956: “you should remember”; Mandelbaum, 1971: “have you forgotten”; Fitzgerald, 1981: “have you considered”; Fagles, 2006: “don’t you recall”; Ahl, 2007: “aren’t you concerned about”; Bartsch, 2020: “do you forget”.)


verstehen

de-verb

verstehen (irregular strong, third-person singular present versteht, past tense verstand, past participle verstanden, past subjunctive verstände or verstünde, auxiliary haben)

versteht (present singular third-person)
verstand (past)
verstanden (participle past)
verstände (past subjunctive)
verstünde (past subjunctive)
haben (auxiliary)
haben (auxiliary)
verstehen (infinitive)
verstehend (participle present)
verstanden (participle past)
verstehe (first-person indicative present singular)
verstehen (first-person indicative plural present)
verstehe (first-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-i)
verstehen (first-person plural subjunctive subjunctive-i)
verstehst (indicative present second-person singular)
versteht (indicative plural present second-person)
verstehest (second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-i)
verstehet (plural second-person subjunctive subjunctive-i)
versteht (indicative present singular third-person)
verstehen (indicative plural present third-person)
verstehe (singular subjunctive subjunctive-i third-person)
verstehen (plural subjunctive subjunctive-i third-person)
verstand (first-person indicative preterite singular)
verstanden (first-person indicative plural preterite)
verstände (first-person formal rare singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
verstünde (first-person formal rare singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
verständen (first-person formal plural rare subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
verstünden (first-person formal plural rare subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
verstandest (indicative preterite second-person singular)
verstandst (indicative preterite second-person singular)
verstandet (indicative plural preterite second-person)
verständest (formal rare second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
verstündest (formal rare second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
verständet (formal plural rare second-person subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
verstündet (formal plural rare second-person subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
verstand (indicative preterite singular third-person)
verstanden (indicative plural preterite third-person)
verstände (formal rare singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii third-person)
verstünde (formal rare singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii third-person)
verständen (formal plural rare subjunctive subjunctive-ii third-person)
verstünden (formal plural rare subjunctive subjunctive-ii third-person)
versteh (imperative second-person singular)
verstehe (imperative second-person singular)
versteht (imperative plural second-person)
haben (auxiliary)
habe verstanden (first-person indicative multiword-construction perfect singular)
haben verstanden (first-person indicative multiword-construction perfect plural)
habe verstanden (first-person multiword-construction perfect singular subjunctive)
haben verstanden (first-person multiword-construction perfect plural subjunctive)
hast verstanden (indicative multiword-construction perfect second-person singular)
habt verstanden (indicative multiword-construction perfect plural second-person)
habest verstanden (multiword-construction perfect second-person singular subjunctive)
habet verstanden (multiword-construction perfect plural second-person subjunctive)
hat verstanden (indicative multiword-construction perfect singular third-person)
haben verstanden (indicative multiword-construction perfect plural third-person)
habe verstanden (multiword-construction perfect singular subjunctive third-person)
haben verstanden (multiword-construction perfect plural subjunctive third-person)
hatte verstanden (first-person indicative multiword-construction pluperfect singular)
hatten verstanden (first-person indicative multiword-construction pluperfect plural)
hätte verstanden (first-person multiword-construction pluperfect singular subjunctive)
hätten verstanden (first-person multiword-construction pluperfect plural subjunctive)
hattest verstanden (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect second-person singular)
hattet verstanden (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect plural second-person)
hättest verstanden (multiword-construction pluperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
hättet verstanden (multiword-construction pluperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
hatte verstanden (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect singular third-person)
hatten verstanden (indicative multiword-construction pluperfect plural third-person)
hätte verstanden (multiword-construction pluperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
hätten verstanden (multiword-construction pluperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
verstehen werden (future future-i infinitive multiword-construction)
werde verstehen (first-person future future-i multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werden verstehen (first-person future future-i multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werdest verstehen (future future-i multiword-construction second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werdet verstehen (future future-i multiword-construction plural second-person subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werde verstehen (future future-i multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-i third-person)
werden verstehen (future future-i multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-i third-person)
werde verstehen (first-person future future-i indicative multiword-construction singular)
werden verstehen (first-person future future-i indicative multiword-construction plural)
würde verstehen (first-person future future-i multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
würden verstehen (first-person future future-i multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
wirst verstehen (future future-i indicative multiword-construction second-person singular)
werdet verstehen (future future-i indicative multiword-construction plural second-person)
würdest verstehen (future future-i multiword-construction second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
würdet verstehen (future future-i multiword-construction plural second-person subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
wird verstehen (future future-i indicative multiword-construction singular third-person)
werden verstehen (future future-i indicative multiword-construction plural third-person)
würde verstehen (future future-i multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii third-person)
würden verstehen (future future-i multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-ii third-person)
verstanden haben werden (future future-ii infinitive multiword-construction)
werde verstanden haben (first-person future future-ii multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werden verstanden haben (first-person future future-ii multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werdest verstanden haben (future future-ii multiword-construction second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werdet verstanden haben (future future-ii multiword-construction plural second-person subjunctive subjunctive-i)
werde verstanden haben (future future-ii multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-i third-person)
werden verstanden haben (future future-ii multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-i third-person)
werde verstanden haben (first-person future future-ii indicative multiword-construction singular)
werden verstanden haben (first-person future future-ii indicative multiword-construction plural)
würde verstanden haben (first-person future future-ii multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
würden verstanden haben (first-person future future-ii multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
wirst verstanden haben (future future-ii indicative multiword-construction second-person singular)
werdet verstanden haben (future future-ii indicative multiword-construction plural second-person)
würdest verstanden haben (future future-ii multiword-construction second-person singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
würdet verstanden haben (future future-ii multiword-construction plural second-person subjunctive subjunctive-ii)
wird verstanden haben (future future-ii indicative multiword-construction singular third-person)
werden verstanden haben (future future-ii indicative multiword-construction plural third-person)
würde verstanden haben (future future-ii multiword-construction singular subjunctive subjunctive-ii third-person)
würden verstanden haben (future future-ii multiword-construction plural subjunctive subjunctive-ii third-person)

From Middle High German verstān, virstēn, vorstēn, ferstān, from Old High German firstān, firstēn, from Proto-Germanic *frastāną, equivalent to ver- + stehen. Cognate with Bavarian versteh, Dutch verstaan, Middle Low German vorstān. Compare also English forstand.

Ich verstehe dich nicht bei dem Lärm.

(transitive or intransitive) to understand

to understand
to hear and interpret (speech)

Ich verstehe nicht, was du meinst.

to understand
to comprehend, make sense of

Ich verstehe das so, dass Sie unzufrieden sind.

I understand this in such a way that you are dissatisfied.

to take, to see, to gather (to impute what is not explicitly stated)

Er versteht viel von Autos.

to know, have knowledge or understanding of (through experience or study)


animus

la-noun

animus m (genitive animī); second declension

animī (genitive)
animus (nominative singular)
animī (nominative plural)
animī (genitive singular)
animōrum (genitive plural)
animō (dative singular)
animīs (dative plural)
animum (accusative singular)
animōs (accusative plural)
animō (ablative singular)
animīs (ablative plural)
anime (singular vocative)
animī (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: ànim

→ English: animus

→ Italian: animo

→ Dutch: animo

→ Portuguese: animus, ânimo

→ Sicilian: ànimu

→ Spanish: ánimo

From Proto-Italic *anamos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂enh₁mos, a nominal derivative of Proto-Indo-European *h₂enh₁- + *-mos, in which the root means "to breathe".
Cognate with Ancient Greek ἄνεμος (ánemos, “wind, breeze”), Old Armenian հողմ (hołm, “wind”), Old Frisian omma (“breath”), English onde (“breath”) (dialectal), Norwegian ånde (“breath”), and possibly Sanskrit अनिल (ánila, “air, wind”); compare also Tocharian B āñme (“self; soul”) and Old Armenian անձն (anjn, “person”).

cog

animum adicio

...nihil enim est tam angusti animi tamque parvi quam amare divitias, nihil honestius magnificentiusque quam pecuniam contemnere...

...there is nothing so characteristic of a narrow conscience as the love of riches, and there is nothing more honorable and noble than to be indifferent to money...

Corpus enim multis eget rebus, ut valeat; animus ex se crescit, se ipse alit, se exercet.

c. 65 CE, Seneca the Younger, Epistulae morales ad Lucilium LXXX.3

For although the body needs many things in order to be strong, yet the mind grows from within, giving to itself nourishment and exercise.

id filiae quoque uxorique praeceperim, sic patris, sic mariti memoriam venerari, ut omnia facta dictaque eius secum revolvant, formamque ac figuram animi magis quam corporis complectantur, non quia intercedendum putem imaginibus quae marmore aut aere finguntur, sed, ut vultus hominum, ita simulacra vultus imbecilla ac mortalia sunt, forma mentis aeterna, quam tenere et exprimere non per alienam materiam et artem, sed tuis ipse moribus possis.

Translation by A. S. Kline
This I would preach to wife and daughter, to so venerate the memory of husband and father as to contemplate his every word and action, and to cling to the form and feature of the mind rather than the body; not because I think bronze or marble likenesses should be suppressed, but that the face of a man and its semblance are both mortal and transient, while the form of the mind is eternal, and can only be captured and expressed not through the materials and artistry of another, but through one’s own character alone.

conscience, intellect, mind, reason, sensibility, understanding (the intellectual dimension of the human mind in general; the seat of the rational and other thoughts a person experiences)

late 2nd century BCE, Lucius Accius (fragment)

...who, by design, will certainly have been of use to the republic...

...qui rem publicam animo certo adjuverit...

Hostes re nova perterriti muro turribusque deiecti in foro ac locis patentioribus cuneatim constiterunt, hoc animo ut si qua ex parte obviam contra veniretur acie instructa depugnarent.

c. 52 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 7.28

The enemy, when dislodged from the wall and towers, were terrified by the surprise of the attack and drew up in a wedge formation with this purpose in mind: that if an advance against them came from any side they might deploy into a line to fight to the finish.

quae neque confirmare argumentis neque refellere in animo est: ex ingenio suo quisque demat vel addat fidem.

It is not within my intention to confirm nor to refute these statements by proofs; every one may accept or reject them as his inclination dictates.

Fuerat animus coniuratis corpus occisi in Tiberim trahere, bona publicare, acta rescindere, sed metu Marci Antoni consulis et magistri equitum Lepidi destiterunt.

121 CE, Suetonius, The Twelve Caesars Vita divi Iuli 82

The plan had been to drag his body into the Tiber as soon as they had killed him; to confiscate his estate, and rescind all his enactments; but they were deterred by fear of Mark Antony, and Lepidus, Caesar's master of the horse, and abandoned their intentions.

aim, aspiration, design, idea, intent, intention, plan, purpose, resolution (that which exists in the mind as a formulation, and causes a subject to act or to behave in a particular manner)

...scio enim promptum animum vestrum pro quo de vobis glorior apud Macedonas quoniam Achaia parata est ab anno praeterito et vestra aemulatio provocavit plurimos

405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate 2 Corinthians 9:2

...for I know your disposition of readiness, of which I boast on your behalf to them of Macedonia, that Achaia has been prepared for a year past. Your zeal has stirred up very many of them.

(metonymically) disposition, inclination, nature, temperament (the inherent emotional disposition of a human being, by extension of the affective dimension)

affect, mood, temper (the instant mental state of a human being)

adicere/facere animos alicui

(in the plural) bravado, elation, high spirits


decide

en-verb

decide (third-person singular simple present decides, present participle deciding, simple past and past participle decided)

decides (present singular third-person)
deciding (participle present)
decided (participle past)
decided (past)

From Middle English deciden, from Old French decider, from Latin dēcīdere, infinitive of dēcīdō (“cut off, decide”), from dē (“down from”) + caedō (“cut”).

The election will be decided on foreign policies.

We must decide our next move.

Her last-minute goal decided the game.

The quarrel toucheth none but us alone; / Betwixt ourselves let us decide it then.

1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Sixt”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]:

I did not see the program, but Mrs. Nixon told me that you were great on the Donahue Show.
As you can imagine, she is an expert on politics and she predicts that whenever you decide to run for office you will be a winner!

1987 December 21, Richard Nixon, Letters to Trump, Winning Team Publishing, published 2023, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 10:

(transitive, intransitive) to resolve (a contest, problem, dispute, etc.); to choose, determine, or settle

You must decide between good and evil.

I have decided that it is healthier to walk to work.

So shall thy judgment be; thyself hast decided it.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 1 Kings 20:40:

(intransitive) to make a judgment, especially after deliberation

It decides me to look into the matter, for if it is worth anyone's while to take so much trouble, there must be something in it.

1920, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, The Adventure of the Three Gables, Norton, published 2005, page 1537:

(transitive) to cause someone to come to a decision

Our seat denies us traffic here; / The sea, too near, decides us from the rest.

1642, Thomas Fuller, The Holy State, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: […] Roger Daniel for John Williams, […], →OCLC:


have second thoughts

have second thoughts (third-person singular simple present has second thoughts, present participle having second thoughts, simple past and past participle had second thoughts)

has second thoughts (present singular third-person)
having second thoughts (participle present)
had second thoughts (participle past)
had second thoughts (past)

At first it seemed a good idea, but now it's getting close I'm having second thoughts.

(idiomatic) To change one's opinion, or be uneasy about a previous decision.


savoir

savoir (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
sachant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
su (participle past)
sais (first-person indicative present singular)
sais (indicative present second-person singular)
sait (indicative present singular third-person)
savons (first-person indicative plural present)
savez (indicative plural present second-person)
savent (indicative plural present third-person)
savais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
savais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
savait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
savions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
saviez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
savaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
sus (first-person historic indicative past singular)
sus (historic indicative past second-person singular)
sut (historic indicative past singular third-person)
sûmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
sûtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
surent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
saurai (first-person future indicative singular)
saurai (first-person future indicative singular)
sauras (future indicative second-person singular)
sauras (future indicative second-person singular)
saura (future indicative singular third-person)
saura (future indicative singular third-person)
saurons (first-person future indicative plural)
saurons (first-person future indicative plural)
saurez (future indicative plural second-person)
saurez (future indicative plural second-person)
sauront (future indicative plural third-person)
sauront (future indicative plural third-person)
saurais (conditional first-person singular)
saurais (conditional first-person singular)
saurais (conditional second-person singular)
saurais (conditional second-person singular)
saurait (conditional singular third-person)
saurait (conditional singular third-person)
saurions (conditional first-person plural)
saurions (conditional first-person plural)
sauriez (conditional plural second-person)
sauriez (conditional plural second-person)
sauraient (conditional plural third-person)
sauraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
sache (first-person present singular subjunctive)
saches (present second-person singular subjunctive)
sache (present singular subjunctive third-person)
sachions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
sachiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
sachent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
susse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
susses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
sût (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
sussions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
sussiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
sussent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
sache (imperative second-person singular)
sachons (first-person imperative plural)
sachez (imperative plural second-person)

Saint Dominican Creole French: savé

Inherited from Old French savoir/eir, from Vulgar Latin *sapēre, from Latin sapĕre.
Comments

on ne saurait faire boire un âne qui n’a pas soif

Nous devons savoir pourquoi il a fait ça.


cerebro

[θeˈɾe.β̞ɾo]

Inherited from Old Spanish cerebro, an early borrowing from Latin cerebrum (“brain, skull”) (although influenced by the popular or Vulgar Latin pronunciation, with stress on the second syllable, in contrast to Portuguese cérebro; the variant celebro was the result of dissimilation), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱerh₂s- (“head”). In Old Spanish meollos was also used to refer to the brain.


oublier

oublier (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
oubliant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
oublié (participle past)
oublie (first-person indicative present singular)
oublies (indicative present second-person singular)
oublie (indicative present singular third-person)
oublions (first-person indicative plural present)
oubliez (indicative plural present second-person)
oublient (indicative plural present third-person)
oubliais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
oubliais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
oubliait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
oubliions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
oubliiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
oubliaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
oubliai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
oublias (historic indicative past second-person singular)
oublia (historic indicative past singular third-person)
oubliâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
oubliâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
oublièrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
oublierai (first-person future indicative singular)
oublieras (future indicative second-person singular)
oubliera (future indicative singular third-person)
oublierons (first-person future indicative plural)
oublierez (future indicative plural second-person)
oublieront (future indicative plural third-person)
oublierais (conditional first-person singular)
oublierais (conditional second-person singular)
oublierait (conditional singular third-person)
oublierions (conditional first-person plural)
oublieriez (conditional plural second-person)
oublieraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
oublie (first-person present singular subjunctive)
oublies (present second-person singular subjunctive)
oublie (present singular subjunctive third-person)
oubliions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
oubliiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
oublient (plural present subjunctive third-person)
oubliasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
oubliasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
oubliât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
oubliassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
oubliassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
oubliassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
oublie (imperative second-person singular)
oublions (first-person imperative plural)
oubliez (imperative plural second-person)

→ Italian: obliare

Inherited from Old French oblier, from Vulgar Latin *oblītāre, frequentative of Latin oblīvīscor (via its past participle oblītus).

J’ai oublié tout ce qu’il m’a dit.

Ne m’oublie pas.

N’oubliez pas de rectifier les documents.

J’essaie vraiment d’ t’aider sans m’oublier.

I'm truly trying to help you without forgetting myself.


wishful thinking

en-noun

wishful thinking (usually uncountable, plural wishful thinkings)

(idiomatic, psychology) The illusion that what one would like to be true is actually true.

pensament il·lusori

illusion that what one would like is true

приня́тие жела́емого за действи́тельное

used with verbs выдавать (vydavatʹ) and принимать (prinimatʹ)

prinjátije želájemovo za dejstvítelʹnoje

(idiomatic) Decision-making based on self-delusion.


reminisce

en-verb

reminisce (third-person singular simple present reminisces, present participle reminiscing, simple past and past participle reminisced)

reminisces (present singular third-person)
reminiscing (participle present)
reminisced (participle past)
reminisced (past)

/ˌɹɛm.əˈnɪs/

Back-formation from reminiscence, from Latin reminīscēns, present participle of reminīscor (“remember”).

But in the blink of an eye, you kissed me goodbye
And I reminisced of a better time

(intransitive) To recall the past in a private moment, often fondly or nostalgically.

回憶

to recall the past in a private moment, often fondly or nostalgically

(intransitive) To talk or write about memories of the past, especially pleasant memories.

追憶

to talk or write about memories of the past, especially pleasant memories

And now when life begins to get the best of me
I reminisce these childhood memories

1994, Iris Dement, "Childhood Memories" (on the album My Life)

He reminisced the old Parvati who was now this Parvati.

2006, Amitava Bhattacharya, Selected Novels of Sarat Chandra Chatterjee, page 34:

She fondly reminisced the two years before marriage when Frank served in the US Army.

2012, Satish C. Bhatnagar, Epsilons and Deltas of Life: Everyday Stories, volume 1, page 16:

(transitive, chiefly India) To remember fondly; to reminisce about.


reminisce

/ˌɹɛm.əˈnɪs/

I met up with Alastair McQueen [former Mirror colleague] and we had a reminisce.

2017, Alastair Campbell, Diaries Volume 6: From Blair to Brown, 2005 – 2007:


away with the fairies

/əˈweɪ wɪð ðə ˈfɛəɹɪːz/

Based around the common belief in Celtic and British Isles folklore that fairies were prone to either kidnapping people or robbing them of their wits.

Now, I know the story is away with the fairies, but he produces a body and I take him down to the station to talk to the detectives.

That was so ridiculous I laughed. A smile would crack Alison's poetic persona so she looked serious. She put her thin hand to her cheek like a lady writer in a photograph with eyes that could penetrate surfaces. She was certainly away with the fairies.

2001, Finola Moorhead, Darkness More Visible:

Hobday was wild, mad, and totally away with the fairies.

2005, Ben Wright, Michael Patrick Shiels, Good Bounces and Bad Lies:

Don't believe a word he says, pet. He's away with the fairies.

2013, Santa Montefiore, Secrets of the Lighthouse, →ISBN, page 34:

(idiomatic) Not all there; slightly crazy.


juzgar

es-verb

juzgar (first-person singular present juzgo, first-person singular preterite juzgué, past participle juzgado)

juzgo (first-person present singular)
juzgué (first-person preterite singular)
juzgado (participle past)
juzgar (infinitive)
juzgando (gerund)
juzgado (masculine participle past singular)
juzgada (feminine participle past singular)
juzgados (masculine participle past plural)
juzgadas (feminine participle past plural)
juzgo (first-person indicative present singular)
juzgas (indicative informal present second-person singular)
juzgás (indicative informal present second-person singular vos-form)
juzga (indicative present singular third-person)
juzgamos (first-person indicative plural present)
juzgáis (indicative plural present second-person)
juzgan (indicative plural present third-person)
juzgaba (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
juzgabas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
juzgaba (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
juzgábamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
juzgabais (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
juzgaban (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
juzgué (first-person indicative preterite singular)
juzgaste (indicative preterite second-person singular)
juzgó (indicative preterite singular third-person)
juzgamos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
juzgasteis (indicative plural preterite second-person)
juzgaron (indicative plural preterite third-person)
juzgaré (first-person future indicative singular)
juzgarás (future indicative second-person singular)
juzgará (future indicative singular third-person)
juzgaremos (first-person future indicative plural)
juzgaréis (future indicative plural second-person)
juzgarán (future indicative plural third-person)
juzgaría (conditional first-person indicative singular)
juzgarías (conditional indicative second-person singular)
juzgaría (conditional indicative singular third-person)
juzgaríamos (conditional first-person indicative plural)
juzgaríais (conditional indicative plural second-person)
juzgarían (conditional indicative plural third-person)
juzgue (first-person present singular subjunctive)
juzgues (informal present second-person singular subjunctive)
juzgués (informal present second-person singular subjunctive vos-form)
juzgue (present singular subjunctive third-person)
juzguemos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
juzguéis (plural present second-person subjunctive)
juzguen (plural present subjunctive third-person)
juzgara (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
juzgaras (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
juzgara (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
juzgáramos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
juzgarais (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
juzgaran (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
juzgase (first-person imperfect imperfect-se singular subjunctive)
juzgases (imperfect imperfect-se second-person singular subjunctive)
juzgase (imperfect imperfect-se singular subjunctive third-person)
juzgásemos (first-person imperfect imperfect-se plural subjunctive)
juzgaseis (imperfect imperfect-se plural second-person subjunctive)
juzgasen (imperfect imperfect-se plural subjunctive third-person)
juzgare (first-person future singular subjunctive)
juzgares (future second-person singular subjunctive)
juzgare (future singular subjunctive third-person)
juzgáremos (first-person future plural subjunctive)
juzgareis (future plural second-person subjunctive)
juzgaren (future plural subjunctive third-person)
juzga (imperative informal second-person singular)
juzgá (imperative informal second-person singular vos-form)
juzgue (formal imperative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
juzgue (imperative singular third-person)
juzguemos (first-person imperative plural)
juzgad (imperative plural second-person)
juzguen (formal imperative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
juzguen (imperative plural third-person)
juzgues (imperative negative second-person singular)
juzgue (formal imperative negative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
juzgue (imperative negative singular third-person)
juzguemos (first-person imperative negative plural)
juzguéis (imperative negative plural second-person)
juzguen (formal imperative negative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
juzguen (imperative negative plural third-person)
juzgarme (combined-form dative infinitive object-first-person object-singular)
juzgarte (combined-form dative infinitive object-second-person object-singular)
juzgarle (combined-form dative infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
juzgarse (combined-form dative infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
juzgarnos (combined-form dative infinitive object-first-person object-plural)
juzgaros (combined-form dative infinitive object-plural object-second-person)
juzgarles (combined-form dative infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
juzgarse (combined-form dative infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
juzgarme (accusative combined-form infinitive object-first-person object-singular)
juzgarte (accusative combined-form infinitive object-second-person object-singular)
juzgarlo (accusative combined-form infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
juzgarla (accusative combined-form infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
juzgarse (accusative combined-form infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
juzgarnos (accusative combined-form infinitive object-first-person object-plural)
juzgaros (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-second-person)
juzgarlos (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
juzgarlas (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
juzgarse (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
juzgándome (combined-form dative gerund object-first-person object-singular)
juzgándote (combined-form dative gerund object-second-person object-singular)
juzgándole (combined-form dative gerund object-singular object-third-person)
juzgándose (combined-form dative gerund object-singular object-third-person)
juzgándonos (combined-form dative gerund object-first-person object-plural)
juzgándoos (combined-form dative gerund object-plural object-second-person)
juzgándoles (combined-form dative gerund object-plural object-third-person)
juzgándose (combined-form dative gerund object-plural object-third-person)
juzgándome (accusative combined-form gerund object-first-person object-singular)
juzgándote (accusative combined-form gerund object-second-person object-singular)
juzgándolo (accusative combined-form gerund object-singular object-third-person)
juzgándola (accusative combined-form gerund object-singular object-third-person)
juzgándose (accusative combined-form gerund object-singular object-third-person)
juzgándonos (accusative combined-form gerund object-first-person object-plural)
juzgándoos (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-second-person)
juzgándolos (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-third-person)
juzgándolas (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-third-person)
juzgándose (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-third-person)
júzgame (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
júzgate (combined-form dative imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
júzgale (combined-form dative imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
júzganos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-tú)
júzgales (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
júzgame (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
júzgate (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
júzgalo (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
júzgala (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
júzganos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-tú)
júzgalos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
júzgalas (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
juzgame (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
juzgate (combined-form dative imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
juzgale (combined-form dative imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
juzganos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-vos)
juzgales (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
juzgame (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
juzgate (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
juzgalo (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
juzgala (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
juzganos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-vos)
juzgalos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
juzgalas (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
júzgueme (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-singular second-person singular)
júzguele (combined-form dative formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
júzguese (combined-form dative formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
júzguenos (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-plural second-person singular)
júzgueles (combined-form dative formal imperative object-plural object-third-person second-person singular)
júzgueme (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-singular second-person singular)
júzguelo (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
júzguela (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
júzguese (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
júzguenos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-plural second-person singular)
júzguelos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person second-person singular)
júzguelas (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person second-person singular)
juzguémoste (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-second-person object-singular plural)
juzguémosle (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-singular object-third-person plural)
juzguémonos (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-first-person object-plural plural)
juzguémoos (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-plural object-second-person plural)
juzguémosles (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-plural object-third-person plural)
juzguémoste (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-second-person object-singular plural)
juzguémoslo (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-singular object-third-person plural)
juzguémosla (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-singular object-third-person plural)
juzguémonos (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-first-person object-plural plural)
juzguémoos (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-plural object-second-person plural)
juzguémoslos (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-plural object-third-person plural)
juzguémoslas (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-plural object-third-person plural)
juzgadme (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
juzgadle (combined-form dative imperative informal object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
juzgadnos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
juzgaos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-second-person plural second-person)
juzgadles (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
juzgadme (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
juzgadlo (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
juzgadla (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
juzgadnos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
juzgaos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-second-person plural second-person)
juzgadlos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
juzgadlas (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
júzguenme (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
júzguenle (combined-form dative formal imperative object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
júzguennos (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
júzguenles (combined-form dative formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
júzguense (combined-form dative formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
júzguenme (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
júzguenlo (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
júzguenla (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
júzguennos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
júzguenlos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
júzguenlas (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
júzguense (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)

Inherited from Old Spanish judgar, from Latin jūdicāre, iūdicāre, present active infinitive of iūdicō (“pass judgement”).


sens

Inherited from Middle French, from Old French sens, sen, san (“sense, reason, direction”), partly borrowed from Latin sēnsus (“sense, sensation, feeling, meaning”), from sentiō (“feel, perceive”); partly from Frankish *sinn (“sense, reason, mental faculty, way, direction”) (via Vulgar Latin *sennus), from Proto-West Germanic *sinn (“mind, meaning”), particularly in the sense of "direction". Both Latin and Germanic from Proto-Indo-European *sent- (“to feel”). Compare also French assener (“to thrust out”), forcené (“maniac”). More at send.

der

le sens ultime de la vie

Les mots ont un sens.


sens

fro-noun

sens oblique singular, m (oblique plural sens, nominative singular sens, nominative plural sens)

sens oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
sens (oblique plural)
sens (nominative singular)
sens (nominative plural)

desctree

Middle French: sens, senz, cens
French: sens

Picard: sins

→ Middle English: sense, sence, sens

English: sense, sence
→ Afrikaans: sense

Partly borrowed from Latin sensus (“sense, sensation, feeling, meaning”), from sentiō (“feel, perceive”); partly (via Vulgar Latin *sennus) from Frankish *sinn (“sense, mental faculty, way, direction”). Both Latin and Germanic from Proto-Indo-European *sent- (“to feel”). More at sens.


outside the box

Unclear. Attested since 1971 (see quotations) with allusion to the nine dots puzzle, where one needs to draw lines outside the perimeter of its nine dots. Earlier related phrases include go outside the dots (1956), step outside the box (1969), and think outside the dots (1970).

The boss wants some new ideas—it's time to think outside the box.

"THINK OUTSIDE THE BOX". If you have kept your thinking process operating inside the lines and boxes, then you are normal and average, for that is the way your thinking has been programmed. ... Here are nine dots: If you were asked to pick up a pencil and try to touch every dot using four straight lines only, you would try it this way first. It would be incorrect. That's because this configuration is in the shape of a box and we are conditioned to think this way.

1971 September 14, Michael R. Notaro, Jr., “Management of Personnel: Organization Patterns and Techniques”, in Data Management, volume 9, number 9, page 77:

(idiomatic) Beyond the bounds of convention.

nine dots puzzle
thinking outside the box


change one's mind

en-verb

change one's mind (third-person singular simple present changes one's mind, present participle changing one's mind, simple past and past participle changed one's mind)

changes one's mind (present singular third-person)
changing one's mind (participle present)
changed one's mind (participle past)
changed one's mind (past)

She started up the stairs, changed her mind, and turned to go back down.

So don’t necessarily assume that something has changed if I appear to have changed my mind, sometimes my mind is all that’s changed.

2006 Baggs, Amanda, Changes in Self-Awareness Over Time, Disclaimer on Assumptions, [http://] ballastexistenz.autistics.org/?page_id=294 May 2006

Of course, I was not always right. I questioned the value of Crossrail (a scheme revived by Prescott after being scrapped by the Conservatives), suggesting wrongly that it may be "doomed to hit the buffers" […]. A dozen years later, I published my book on it, extolling the line's wonders. We are all allowed to change our minds.

2024 January 10, Christian Wolmar, “A time for change? ... just as it was back in issue 262”, in RAIL, number 1000, page 61:

(idiomatic) To decide differently than one had decided before.

غَيَّرَ رَأْيَهُ

to decide differently than one had decided before


esprit

→ Czech: esprit

→ English: esprit

→ Polish: spryt

→ Turkish: espri (“humor, joke”)

Inherited from Middle French esperit, from Old French, borrowed from Latin spiritus through Ecclesiastical Latin and Christian religious texts.

(metonymically) human being, as possessing abilities of mind