cherry

→ Bengali: চেরি (ceri)

→ Burmese: ချယ်ရီ (hkyairi)

→ Cantonese: 車厘子 /车厘子 (ce¹ lei⁴ zi²)

→ Hindi: चेरी (cerī)

→ Japanese: チェリー (cherī)

→ Kapampangan: tiéri

→ Korean: 체리 (cheri)

→ Malay: ceri

Indonesian: ceri

→ Maori: tiere

→ Punjabi: ਚੈਰੀ f (cairī)

→ Spanish: cherry

→ Swahili: cheri

→ Urdu: چیری (cerī)

→ Thai: เชอร์รี (chəə-rîi)

From Middle English chery, cherie, chirie, from Anglo-Norman cherise (mistaken as a plural) and Old English ċiris, ċirse (“cherry”), both ultimately from Vulgar Latin ceresia, derived from Late Latin ceresium, cerasium, from Ancient Greek κεράσιον (kerásion, “cherry fruit”), from κερασός (kerasós, “bird cherry”), and ultimately possibly of Anatolian origin (the intervocalic σ suggests a pre-Greek origin for the word). Doublet of cerise and kirsch.

dwarf cherry

P. fruticosa, P. pumila; Exocarpus strictus


magenta

en-noun

magenta (countable and uncountable, plural magentas)

/məˈd͡ʒɛntə/

Borrowed from French magenta, from Italian Magenta, sometime after the colour was named after the town to celebrate the Franco-Italian victory at the Battle of Magenta in 1859; possibly in reference to the colour of the uniforms worn by Zouave French troops there. The town's name derives from Latin castrum Maxentiae (“castle of Maxentius”).

der

web magenta (additive magenta):

printer's magenta (subtractive magenta):

Prismacolor magenta:

Mrs Dibble's face blazed with a magenta uprush of blood at that ultimatum and she screamed, "You dare try to do me out of my gin too! You dare!"

1950, Norman Lindsay, Dust or Polish?, Sydney: Angus and Robertson, page 154:

A colour which is close to an equal mixture of red and blue which is an additive secondary colour but a subtractive primary colour evoked by the combination of red and blue light.


magenta

en-adj

magenta (comparative more magenta, superlative most magenta)

more magenta (comparative)
most magenta (superlative)

/məˈd͡ʒɛntə/

having the colour of fuchsia, fuchsine, light purple.


magenta

magenta (nominative singular)
magenty (genitive singular)
magencie (dative singular)
magentę (accusative singular)
magentą (instrumental singular)
magencie (locative singular)
magento (singular vocative)


pink

en-noun

pink (countable and uncountable, plural pinks)

Origin uncertain; perhaps from Dutch pinken (“blink”) or the English verb pink from the same source. Perhaps from the notion of the petals being pinked.

A color reminiscent of pinks, the flowers.

Magenta, the colour evoked by red and blue light when combined.


red

red (countable and uncountable, plural reds)

From Middle English red, from Old English rēad, from Proto-West Germanic *raud, from Proto-Germanic *raudaz from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rowdʰós, from the root *h₁rewdʰ-.
Cognates
See also West Frisian read, Low German root, rood, rot, rod, Dutch rood, German rot, Danish and Norwegian Bokmål rød, Norwegian Nynorsk raud; also Welsh rhudd, Latin ruber, rufus, Tocharian A rtär, Tocharian B ratre, Ancient Greek ἐρυθρός (eruthrós), Albanian pruth (“redhead”), Russian ру́дый (rúdyj) ("red", "redhaired"). Czech rudý, Lithuanian raúdas, Finnish rauta, Estonian raud, Serbo-Croatian riđ ("reddish", "red"), Avestan 𐬭𐬀𐬊𐬌𐬛𐬌𐬙𐬀 (raoidita), Sanskrit रुधिर (rudhirá, “red, bloody”).

sekobarbitaali

slang: secobarbital — see also secobarbital

(Ireland, UK, beverages, informal) Red lemonade


crimson

crimson (countable and uncountable, plural crimsons)

PIE word
 *kʷŕ̥mis
Late Middle English cremesyn, from obsolete French cramoisin or Old Spanish cremesín, from Arabic قِرْمِز (qirmiz), from Classical Persian کرمست (kirmist), from Middle Persian; see Proto-Indo-Iranian *kŕ̥miš. Cognate with Sanskrit कृमिज (kṛmija). Doublet of kermes; also see carmine.

crimson:

To my horror I perceived that the yellow blossoms were all dabbled with crimson.

1904 January 30, A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “The Adventure of the Priory School”, in The Return of Sherlock Holmes, New York, N.Y.: McClure, Phillips & Co., published February 1905, →OCLC:


fuchsia

From New Latin, after the genus Fuchsia, itself named after German botanist Leonhart Fuchs (1501–1566).

named-after

fuchsia:

web fuchsia (magenta):

She tilted a hand topped with long rectangular nails in furious fuchsia towards her cheeks and fluttered the fingers, fanning.

2006, Tsitsi Dangarembga, The Book of Not, Faber & Faber Limited (2021), page 258:

A purplish-red colour, the color of fuchsin, an aniline dye.


maroon

en-adj

maroon (comparative more maroon, superlative most maroon)

more maroon (comparative)
most maroon (superlative)

Etymology tree
Byzantine Greek μάραον (máraon)bor.
Italian marronebor.
French marronbor.
English maroon
Borrowed from French marron (“chestnut; brown”). Compare Spanish marrón. Doublet of marron (“sweet chestnut”).


salmon

en-noun

salmon (countable and uncountable, plural salmon or salmons)

→ Burmese: ဆယ်လမွန် (hcaila.mwan)

→ Hebrew: סַלְמוֹן (sálmon)

→ Hindi: सामन (sāman)

→ Japanese: サーモン (sāmon)

From Middle English samoun, samon, saumon, from Anglo-Norman saumon, from Old French saumon, from Latin salmō, salmōn-. Displaced native Middle English lax, from Old English leax (“salmon”). The unpronounced l was later inserted to make the word appear closer to its Latin root (compare words like debt, indict, receipt for the same spelling Latinizations).
The verb sense “ride a bicycle the wrong way down a one-way street” alludes to salmon swimming upstream against the flow of a river to spawn.

m-g

grilled salmon

salmon paté

salmon steak

(zoology) One of several species of fish, typically of the Salmoninae subfamily, brownish above with silvery sides and delicate pinkish-orange flesh; they ascend rivers to spawn.

salmon:

(plural salmons) A pale pinkish-orange colour, the colour of cooked salmon.

The upper bricks in a kiln which receive the least heat.


salmon

Smiley and Guillam perched disconsolately beneath it, on a bench of salmon velvet.

1977, John Le Carré, The Honourable Schoolboy, Folio Society, published 2010, page 155:


salmon

en-verb

salmon (third-person singular simple present salmons, present participle salmoning, simple past and past participle salmoned)

salmons (present singular third-person)
salmoning (participle present)
salmoned (participle past)
salmoned (past)

2014: "Salmon, Don't Shoal: Learning The Lingo Of Safe Cycling" by Marc Silver, NPR
Some cities discourage salmoning with clever signage, like this in London: "If you can read this you are biking the wrong way."

(slang, intransitive) To ride a bicycle the wrong way down a one-way street.


rose

en-noun

rose (countable and uncountable, plural roses)

→ Marshallese: rooj

→ Tokelauan: loha

From Middle English rose, roose, from Old English rōse, but with its vowel influenced by Old French rose, both from Latin rosa. The Latin is of uncertain origin, but likely via Oscan from Ancient Greek ῥόδον (rhódon, “rose”) (Aeolic ϝρόδον (wródon)), from Old Persian *vr̥dah (“flower”) (compare Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀- (var^əδa-), Sogdian ward, Parthian wâr, late Middle Persian [Term?] (gwl /gul/), Persian گل (gol, “rose, flower”), and Middle Iranian borrowings including Old Armenian վարդ (vard, “rose”), Aramaic וַרְדָּא (wardā) / ܘܪܕܐ (wardā), Arabic وَرْدَة (warda), Hebrew וֶרֶד (wéreḏ)), from Proto-Indo-European *wr̥dʰos (“sweetbriar”) (compare Old English word (“thornbush”), Latin rubus (“bramble”), Albanian hurdhe (“ivy”)). Possibly ultimately a derivation from a verb for "to grow" only attested in Indo-Iranian (*Hwardʰ-, compare Sanskrit वर्धति (vardhati), with relatives in Avestan).

A shrub of the genus Rosa, with red, pink, white or yellow flowers.


rose

Having a purplish-red or pink color; rosy.


russet

en-verb

russet (third-person singular simple present russets, present participle russeting or russetting, simple past and past participle russeted or russetted)

russets (present singular third-person)
russeting (participle present)
russetting (participle present)
russeted (participle past)
russeted (past)
russetted (participle past)
russetted (past)

From Middle English russet, from Anglo-Norman russet, rossat, roset, and Middle French rosset, rousset (“reddish, reddish-brown; a rough wool cloth”), from Middle French rous, rus (“to rouse”) + -et (diminutive suffix); compare Late Latin rossetum, russetum, russeta (“rough wool cloth”), Latin russus (“red”) (from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”)), Occitan rosseta (“rough wool cloth”).

Pear psylla causes damage when nymphs, feeding at high densities on leaves, produce enough honeydew to drip onto the fruit. A black, sooty mold fungus then grows into the honeydew, distorting and russeting the fruit surface, which substantially lowers its commercial value, […]

1995, T. R. Unruh, P. H. Westigard, K. S. Hagen, “Pear Psylla”, in J. R. Nechols et al., editors, Biological Control in the Western United States: Accomplishments and Benefits of Regional Research Project W-84, 1964–1989 (University of California Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources Publication; 3361), Oakland, Calif.: Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of California, →ISBN, page 95:

Cultivars differ greatly in their propensity to russet: the characteristic is heritable but more than one factor seems to be involved[…].

2003, John E. Jackson, “Flowers and Fruits”, in The Biology of Apples and Pears (Biology of Horticultural Crops), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 323:

I surprised my own amazement in the looking glass / where the resinous radiance of a chandelier / russeted the chaise longue and the chiffonier. / Autumn lay over everything I loved.

2007, Eric [Linn] Ormsby, “Time’s Covenant”, in Time’s Covenant: Selected Poems, Emeryville, Ont.: Biblioasis, →ISBN, prologue, stanza 3, page 256:

(ambitransitive, of apples, pears, etc.) To develop reddish-brown spots; to cause russeting.


vermilion

en-noun

vermilion (countable and uncountable, plural vermilions)

vermilions (plural)
vermillion (alternative)
vermillion § Usage notes (alternative)

From Middle English vermelioun, vermyloun, vermylon, vermilun, from Old French vermeillon (“vermilion”), from vermeil, from Latin vermiculus (“little worm”), from vermis (“worm”), ultimately in reference to Kermes vermilio, a type of scale insect used to make a crimson dye.

Take ſix Ounces of Brimſtone, and melt it in an Iron Ladle, then put two Pound of Quick-ſilver into a ſhammy Leather, or double Linnen Cloth, and ſqueeze it out into the melted Brimſtone, ſtirring them, in the mean Time, with a wooden Spatula till they are well united; and when they are cold, beat the Maſs into a Powder, and ſublime it in a Glaſs-veſſel, with a ſtrong Fire, and it will riſe into that Red Subſtance, which is called artificial Cinnabar or Vermilion.

1734, “VERMILION”, in The Builder's Dictionary: Or, Architect's Companion, volume II, London: Printed for A. Bettesworth and C. Hitch, […] and S. Austen, […] :

Fanny was very pretty; her eyes were dark and brilliant, her teeth were like little pearls; her mouth was almost as red as Mademoiselle Caracoline’s when the latter had put on her vermilion.

1848 November – 1850 December, William Makepeace Thackeray, chapter 47, in The History of Pendennis. […], volume (please specify |volume=I or II), London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1849–1850, →OCLC:

A vivid red synthetic pigment made of mercury sulfide, cinnabar.

A type of red dye worn in the parting of the hair by married Hindu women.

(obsolete) The kermes or cochineal insect.

(obsolete) The cochineal dye made from this insect.


vermilion

en-adj

vermilion (comparative more vermilion, superlative most vermilion)

more vermilion (comparative)
most vermilion (superlative)
vermillion (alternative)
vermillion § Usage notes (alternative)


strawberry

en-noun

strawberry (countable and uncountable, plural strawberries)

→ Bengali: স্ট্রবেরি (sṭroberi)

→ Chichewa: sitiroberi

→ Gujarati: સ્ટ્રોબેરી (sṭroberī)

desc

→ Hindi: स्ट्रॉबेरी (sṭrŏberī)

→ Hindi: स्ट्रॉबेरी (sṭrŏberī)

→ Indonesian: stroberi

→ Kannada: ಸ್ಟ್ರಾಬೆರಿ (sṭrāberi)

→ Kashubian: stroberi (Canada, United States)

ໝາກສະຕໍເບີຣີ

→ Lao: ໝາກສະຕໍເບີຣີ (māk sa tǭ bœ̄ rī)

→ Lao: ໝາກສະຕໍເບີຣີ (māk sa tǭ bœ̄ rī)

→ Malay: strawberi

สตรอว์เบอร์รี

→ Thai: สตรอว์เบอร์รี (sà-dtrɔɔ-bəə-rîi)

/ˈstɹɔˌbɛɹi/

/ˈstɹɑˌbɛɹi/

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ster-
Proto-Indo-European *sterh₃-
Proto-Indo-European *strew-der.
Proto-Germanic *strawą
Proto-West Germanic *strau
Old English strēaw
Proto-Germanic *bazją
Proto-West Germanic *baʀi
Old English berġe
Old English strēawberġe
Middle English strawbery
English strawberry
From Middle English strawbery, strauberi, from Old English strēawberġe, corresponding to straw + berry.

barren strawberry

Potentilla sterilis or Waldsteinia fragarioides

They went to pick strawberries today.

The sweet, usually red, edible fruit of certain plants of the genus Fragaria.

She has the best strawberry patch I've ever seen.

He told his father, and said it would be just suitable work for him to run about fields and woods amongst the strawberry hills after a flock of hares, and now and then lie down and take a nap on some sunny hill.

1886, Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, translated by H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales, page 170:

Any plant of the genus Fragaria (that bears such fruit).

strawberry:

A dark pinkish red color, like that of the fruit; strawberry red.


strawberry

en-adj

strawberry (comparative strawberrier, superlative strawberriest)

strawberrier (comparative)
strawberriest (superlative)

/ˈstɹɔˌbɛɹi/

/ˈstɹɑˌbɛɹi/

ethyl methylphenylglycidate
ethyl methylphenylglycidate

Flavored with ethyl methylphenylglycidate, an artificial compound which is said to resemble the taste of strawberries.


scarlet

en-noun

scarlet (countable and uncountable, plural scarlets)

From Middle English scarlet, scarlat, borrowed from Old French escarlate (“a type of cloth”), from Medieval Latin scarlatum (“scarlet cloth”), of uncertain origin. This was long thought to derive from Classical Persian سقرلات (saqirlāt, “a warm woollen cloth”), but the Persian word (first attested in the 1290s) is now thought to be from Arabic سِقِلَّات (siqillāt), denoting very expensive, luxury silks dyed scarlet-red using the exceptionally expensive dye, first attested around the ninth century. The most obvious route for the Arabic word siqillāt to have entered the Romance languages would be via the Arabic-speaking Iberian region of al-Andalus, particularly Almería, where kermes was produced extensively; compare especially the dialectal form سِقِرْلَاط (siqirlāṭ). The word then came to be used of woollen cloth dyed with the same dye. The Arabic word may itself be derived from Byzantine Greek σιγιλλᾶτον (sigillâton), from Latin sigillātum (“a type of fabric”, literally “sealed; sealing”) .

der

scarlet:

A brilliant red colour tinged with orange.


scarlet

en-adj

scarlet (comparative more scarlet, superlative most scarlet)

more scarlet (comparative)
most scarlet (superlative)

He signed off our correspondence, “Well thank God for facemasks, cos I’m scarlet”.

26 October 2021, Aisling Marron, I brought the baby to her first vaccinations. Her look said: why have you betrayed me?, The Irish Times

(Ireland) Blushing; embarrassed or mortified.


auburn

auburn (comparative more auburn, superlative most auburn)

more auburn (comparative)
most auburn (superlative)

Early Modern English auburn (“brown, reddish brown”) from Middle English aubourne, abron, abroune, abrune (“light brown, yellowish brown, blond”), alteration (due to conflation with Middle English brun (“brown”)) of earlier auborne (“yellowish-white, flaxen”) from Old French auborne, alborne (“blond, flaxen, off-white”) from Medieval Latin alburnus (“whitish”), from Latin albus (“white”). More at albino, brown.

All were watching somebody in the garden with deep interest, their three faces close together: a jovial and round one, a pale one with dark hair, and a fair one whose tresses were auburn. “Don’t push! You can see as well as I,” said Retty, the auburn-haired and youngest girl, without removing her eyes from the window.

1891, Thomas Hardy, chapter XXI, in Tess of the d’Urbervilles: A Pure Woman Faithfully Presented […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), London: James R[ipley] Osgood, McIlvaine and Co., […], →OCLC:

[…]; nor was Miss Wilkinson the ideal: he had often pictured to himself the great violet eyes and the alabaster skin of some lovely girl, and he had thought of himself burying his face in the rippling masses of her auburn hair.

1915, W[illiam] Somerset Maugham, chapter XXXIII, in Of Human Bondage, New York, N.Y.: George H[enry] Doran Company, →OCLC:

I never thought I'd meet a girl like you / Meet a girl like you / With auburn hair and tawny eyes

1982, “I Ran (So Far Away)”, performed by A Flock of Seagulls:


ruby

en-verb

ruby (third-person singular simple present rubies, present participle rubying, simple past and past participle rubied)

rubies (present singular third-person)
rubying (participle present)
rubied (participle past)
rubied (past)

From Middle English ruby, rube, from Old French rubi, from Medieval Latin rubīnus.

With sanguine drops the walls are rubied

1725–1726, Homer, “Book 20”, in [William Broome, Elijah Fenton, Alexander Pope], transl., The Odyssey of Homer. […], London: […] Bernard Lintot, →OCLC:

(transitive, poetic) To make red; to redden.


carmine

en-noun

carmine (countable and uncountable, plural carmines)

PIE word
 *kʷŕ̥mis
From French carmin, from irregular Medieval Latin carminium, itself from Arabic قِرْمِز (qirmiz, “crimson, kermes”) from Persian *کرمست (*kermest), ultimately from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kŕ̥miš (“worm”), plus or with influence from Latin minium. Compare crimson and kermes.

der

1967, Time, "The Case of the Dubious Dye," 6 January, 1967, https://web.archive.org/web/20130721101257/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,843172,00.html
Cases of cubana salmonellosis in three other states were traced to carmine red, and supplies were called in. […] But authorities have been checking other places for carmine red, knowing that it is a favorite coloring in candy, chewing gum, ice cream, cough syrups and drugs. Manufacturers like to use it because of a legal quirk: being a natural rather than a synthetic product, it does not have to be mentioned on labels.

A purplish-red pigment, made from dye obtained from the cochineal beetle; carminic acid or any of its derivatives.


carnation

en-noun

carnation (countable and uncountable, plural carnations)

From Middle French carnation (“person's color or complexion”).

Dianthus caryophyllus

plant, flower; ancestor of the carnation

Dianthus caryophyllus
Dianthus caryophyllus#Translingual

(botany) A type of Eurasian plant widely cultivated for its flowers.

other members of genus Dianthus and hybrids

The type of flower they bear, originally flesh-coloured, but since hybridizing found in a variety of colours.

carnation:

(archaic) The pinkish colors used in art to render human face and flesh


read

rēad (canonical)
rēad (masculine nominative singular)
rēad (feminine nominative singular)
rēad (neuter nominative singular)
rēadne (accusative masculine singular)
rēade (accusative feminine singular)
rēad (accusative neuter singular)
rēades (genitive masculine singular)
rēadre (feminine genitive singular)
rēades (genitive neuter singular)
rēadum (dative masculine singular)
rēadre (dative feminine singular)
rēadum (dative neuter singular)
rēade (instrumental masculine singular)
rēadre (feminine instrumental singular)
rēade (instrumental neuter singular)
rēade (masculine nominative plural)
rēada (feminine nominative plural)
rēade (feminine nominative plural)
rēad (neuter nominative plural)
rēade (accusative masculine plural)
rēada (accusative feminine plural)
rēade (accusative feminine plural)
rēad (accusative neuter plural)
rēadra (genitive masculine plural)
rēadra (feminine genitive plural)
rēadra (genitive neuter plural)
rēadum (dative masculine plural)
rēadum (dative feminine plural)
rēadum (dative neuter plural)
rēadum (instrumental masculine plural)
rēadum (feminine instrumental plural)
rēadum (instrumental neuter plural)
rēada (masculine nominative singular)
rēade (feminine nominative singular)
rēade (neuter nominative singular)
rēadan (accusative masculine singular)
rēadan (accusative feminine singular)
rēade (accusative neuter singular)
rēadan (genitive masculine singular)
rēadan (feminine genitive singular)
rēadan (genitive neuter singular)
rēadan (dative masculine singular)
rēadan (dative feminine singular)
rēadan (dative neuter singular)
rēadan (instrumental masculine singular)
rēadan (feminine instrumental singular)
rēadan (instrumental neuter singular)
rēadan (masculine nominative plural)
rēadan (feminine nominative plural)
rēadan (neuter nominative plural)
rēadan (accusative masculine plural)
rēadan (accusative feminine plural)
rēadan (accusative neuter plural)
rēadra (genitive masculine plural)
rēadena (genitive masculine plural)
rēadra (feminine genitive plural)
rēadena (feminine genitive plural)
rēadra (genitive neuter plural)
rēadena (genitive neuter plural)
rēadum (dative masculine plural)
rēadum (dative feminine plural)
rēadum (dative neuter plural)
rēadum (instrumental masculine plural)
rēadum (feminine instrumental plural)
rēadum (instrumental neuter plural)

desctree

Middle English: red, redde, reed, read, ræd
English: red
Scots: rede, reid
Yola: reed

From Proto-West Germanic *raud, from Proto-Germanic *raudaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rowdʰós < *h₁rewdʰ-.
Germanic cognates: Old Frisian rād (West Frisian read), Old Saxon rōd (Low German root, rod), Dutch rood, Old High German rōt (German rot), Old Norse rauðr (Danish rød, Swedish röd, Icelandic rauður), Gothic 𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌸𐍃 (rauþs).
Indo-European cognates: Ancient Greek ἐρυθρός (eruthrós), Latin ruber, Old Irish rúad, Lithuanian raũdas, Russian рудо́й (rudój).


赤

Inherited from Proto-Ryukyuan *aka, from Proto-Japonic *aka.


赤い

ja-adj

赤(あか)い • (akai) -i (adverbial 赤(あか)く (akaku))

赤い (canonical)
akai (romanization)
赤く (adverbial)
赤かろ (imperfective stem)
あかかろ (imperfective stem)
akakaro (imperfective)
赤く (continuative stem)
あかく (continuative stem)
akaku (continuative)
赤い (stem terminative)
あかい (stem terminative)
akai (terminative)
赤い (attributive stem)
あかい (attributive stem)
akai (attributive)
赤けれ (hypothetical stem)
あかけれ (hypothetical stem)
akakere (hypothetical)
赤かれ (imperative stem)
あかかれ (imperative stem)
akakare (imperative)
赤くない (informal negative)
あかくない (informal negative)
akaku nai (informal negative)
赤かった (informal past)
あかかった (informal past)
akakatta (informal past)
赤くなかった (informal negative past)
あかくなかった (informal negative past)
akaku nakatta (informal negative past)
赤いです (formal)
あかいです (formal)
akai desu (formal)
赤くないです (formal negative)
あかくないです (formal negative)
akaku nai desu (formal negative)
赤かったです (formal past)
あかかったです (formal past)
akakatta desu (formal past)
赤くなかったです (formal negative past)
あかくなかったです (formal negative past)
akaku nakatta desu (formal negative past)
赤くて (conjunctive)
あかくて (conjunctive)
akakute (conjunctive)
赤ければ (conditional)
あかければ (conditional)
akakereba (conditional)
赤かったら (conditional past)
あかかったら (conditional past)
akakattara (conditional past)
赤かろう (volitional)
あかかろう (volitional)
akakarō (volitional)
赤く (adverbial)
あかく (adverbial)
akaku (adverbial)
赤さ (noun-from-adj)
あかさ (noun-from-adj)
akasa (noun-from-adj)

From the 連体形 (rentaikei, “attributive form”) of Early Middle Japanese adjective 赤し (akashi), with the medial /-k-/ falling out. Cognate with 明るい (akarui, “bright”).
Medial voiceless plosives, like /-k-/, underwent voicing, then spirantization, then gliding, then being dropped, before /-i, -u, -e, -o/. As this intervocalic sound-change did not occur before /-a/(Hamano, 2000), Middle Japanese /akaki/ became /akai/ 赤い.
⟨akaki₁⟩ → */akakʲi/ → */akaɡʲi/ → */akaɣi/ → */akaji/ → */akai/.

ja-adj-ku

Acai. アカイ (赤い) 赤い(もの).

1603, Vocabvlario da Lingoa de Iapam (Nippo Jisho) [Vocabulary of the Language of Japan] (in Portuguese), Nagasaki, page 9:


raspberry

→ Japanese: ラズベリー (razuberī)

From earlier raspis berry, possibly from raspise (a sweet rose-colored wine), from Anglo-Latin vinum raspeys, of uncertain origin. Possibly related to rasp (“coarse, rough”), of Germanic origin.

عُلَّيْق m (ʕullayq) (which also means blackberry)

Any of many other (but not all) species in the genus Rubus.

The juicy aggregate fruit of these plants.


raspberry

en-adj

raspberry (comparative raspberrier, superlative raspberriest)

raspberrier (comparative)
raspberriest (superlative)

She wore a raspberry beret / The kind you find in a second hand store

1985, Prince (lyrics and music), “Raspberry Beret”, in Around the World in a Day, performed by Prince and the Revolution:


raspberry

en-verb

raspberry (third-person singular simple present raspberries, present participle raspberrying, simple past and past participle raspberried)

raspberries (present singular third-person)
raspberrying (participle present)
raspberried (participle past)
raspberried (past)

[…] she stuck burrs in my bed and lead me through the nettle-patch when we were raspberrying, because she knew I did n't know nettles; […]

1903, M. E. Waller, A Daughter of the Rich, Little, Brown, and Company, published 1903, page 137:

"Owen and she went raspberrying in the woods back of her farm," answered Anne. "They won't be back before supper time—if then."

1917, Lucy Maud Montgomery, chapter 37, in Anne's House of Dreams:

[…] Mrs. Thrifty was picking pie cherries, two boys were raspberrying, and the fourth son, as I recall it, blueberrying.

1944, Cornelius Weygandt, The Heart of New Hampshire: Things Held Dear by Folks of the Old Stocks, G. P. Putnam's Sons, published 1944, page 129:

My mother told my sister Sally and me that if we were good little girls we might go raspberrying up on the mountains when the raspberries were ripe.

1976, Emily Ward, The Way Things Were: An Autobiography of Emily Ward, Newport Press (1976), page 4

In strawberry time she had seen individual bears grazing in the meadows along the bluff, and later, while raspberrying, she heard one gobbling fruit and snorting on the other side of the bush.

1988, Charles McCarry, The Bride of the Wilderness, MysteriousPress.com, published 2011, →ISBN:


raspberry

Cockney rhyming slang, from raspberry tart = fart (though "raspberry" is rarely used for a fart, merely a noise which imitates it). Compare raspberry ripple = cripple.

Of the announcement, Osborne said: "They have spent a hundred billion pounds of public money and they've got a massive raspberry from everyone as far as I can see. As a PR exercise, it's been an object lesson in how not to make a government announcement."

2021 December 1, “Network News: Integrated Rail Plan: Osborne predicts HS2 eastern leg will return”, in RAIL, number 945, page 8:

(colloquial) A noise intended to imitate the passing of flatulence, made by blowing air out of the mouth while the tongue is protruding from and pressed against the lips, or by blowing air through the lips while they are pressed firmly together or against skin (often a form of tickling) used humorously or to express derision.


pula

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *pula. Compare Aklanon puea and Asi puya.


wine

A variant of wind with simplification of the final consonant cluster; for the vowel quality, compare find, mind, rind.

Vor voices rawze upon tha wine

1850, James Orchard Halliwell, A Dictionary of Archaic and Provincial Words, Obsolete Phrases, Proverbs, and Ancient Customs, from the Fourteenth Century:

Aw how sholl I tell o’m—vor âll pirty maidens / When I pass’d ’em look’d back—ther smill rawze on tha wine.

1869, James Jennings, The Dialect of the West of England, particularly Somersetshire:


rood

Afrikaans: rooi

Jersey Dutch: rôi

Negerhollands: rooi, ro, roo, rood

Skepi Creole Dutch: aro

From Middle Dutch rôot, from Old Dutch rōt, from Proto-West Germanic *raud, from Proto-Germanic *raudaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rowdʰós, from the root *h₁rewdʰ-.


liver

From Middle English lyvere, lyver, from Old English lifer (“liver”), from Proto-West Germanic *libru, from Proto-Germanic *librō, from Proto-Indo-European *leyp- (“to smear, smudge, stick”), from Proto-Indo-European *ley- (“to be slimy, be sticky, glide”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian Líeuwer, Lieuwer (“liver”), West Frisian lever (“liver”), Dutch lever (“liver”), German Leber (“liver”), Danish, Norwegian and Swedish lever (“liver”) (the last three from Old Norse lifr (“liver”)). Related to live.

der

His friend Rothwell, who had the use of the best Laveracks for breeding purposes, wrote him that one of his puppies was liver and white.

2006, Rawdon Briggs Lee, A History and Description of the Modern Dogs of Great Britain & Ireland, →ISBN, page 298:

Of the colour of liver (dark brown, tinted with red and gray).


flame

en-noun

flame (countable and uncountable, plural flames)

From Middle English flawme, blend of Old French flame and flambe, flamble, the first from Latin flamma, the second from Latin flammula, diminutive of flamma, both from pre-Latin *fladma; Proto-Italic *flagmā, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“to shimmer, gleam, shine”). Displaced native Old English līeġ.

der

[M]arked by myriad clouds of every sunset-colour - flame, purple, pink, green, violet, and all the tints of gold.

1897, Bram Stoker, Dracula, published 1993, page 73:

A brilliant reddish orange-gold fiery colour.
flame:

The cello has a two-piece back with a beautiful narrow flame.

(music, chiefly lutherie) The contrasting light and dark figure seen in wood used for stringed instrument making; the curl.


flame

Of a brilliant reddish orange-gold colour, like that of a flame.


flame

en-verb

flame (third-person singular simple present flames, present participle flaming, simple past and past participle flamed)

flames (present singular third-person)
flaming (participle present)
flamed (participle past)
flamed (past)

From Middle English flawmen, from Old French flamber, flammer.

The main blaze of it is past, but a small thing would make it flame again.

c. 1608–1609 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Coriolanus”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii]:

To produce flames; to burn with a flame or blaze.


丹

From Old Japanese, also used as 借音 (shakuon) kana for ⟨ni⟩.
Cognate with 土 (ni, “earth, ground”).


丹

From Middle Chinese 丹 (MC tan).
Used in the Man'yōshū (c. 759 CE) as 借音 (shakuon) kana for ⟨ta⟩.

a yellowish-red pigment made from lead oxide, used, for example, in nihonga


cardinal

en-noun

cardinal (countable and uncountable, plural cardinals)

From Middle French cardinal, from Latin cardinālis (“pertaining to a hinge, hence applied to that on which something turns or depends, important, principal, chief”), from cardin-, cardō (“hinge”) + -ālis, adjectival suffix.

der

His uncle, a Cardinal, engages a Spanish youth of Moorish descent called Diego, an expert singer and player on the virginal, to unlock the secrets of the heart,[…]and cure him by the spell of his music.

1932, Maurice Baring, chapter 16, in Friday's Business:

Roman Catholic Church
Roman Catholic Church

(Roman Catholicism) One of the officials appointed by the pope in the Roman Catholic Church, ranking only below the pope and the patriarchs, constituting the special college which elects the pope.


cardinal

fr-adj

cardinal (feminine cardinale, masculine plural cardinaux, feminine plural cardinales)

cardinale (feminine)
cardinaux (masculine plural)
cardinales (feminine plural)


紅

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 /形声, OC *ɡoːŋ): semantic 糸 (“silk”) + phonetic 工 (OC *koːŋ).
彤 (OC *l'uːŋ, “red”) could be a variant of 紅 (OC *ɡoːŋ) (Schuessler, 2007). May be related to 虹 (OC *kroːŋs, *ɡoːŋ, “rainbow”).
Originally referred to lighter shades of red; gradually replaced 赤 (chì, “red”) as the basic color term for "red".

Han compound

紅色／红色

紅茶／红茶

紅包／红包

紅綠色盲／红绿色盲

翻紅／翻红

Michael Jackson is not as popular as he used to be.

Màikè'ěr Jiékèxùn méiyǒu yǐqián nàme hóng le.

邁克爾·傑克遜沒有以前那麼紅了。

迈克尔·杰克逊没有以前那么红了。

2019 June 18, 陆宇婷 (Lu Yuting), 蒋肖斌 (Jiang Xiaobin), 《“雨女无瓜”成流行语，老剧靠“梗”翻红》, in China Youth Daily, page 8

Dǒng Chényǔ jièshào, zhè zhǒng tūrán bìngdúshì hóng qǐlái de cíhuì yòu chēng “mǐmǔ”, xiàng “yǔnǚwúguā” zhèyàng yóu lǎo diànshìjù ér lái de “mǐmǔ” yě yǒu xiānlì.

董晨宇介紹，這種突然病毒式紅起來的詞彙又稱「米姆」，像「雨女無瓜」這樣由老電視劇而來的「米姆」也有先例。

董晨宇介绍，这种突然病毒式红起来的词汇又称「米姆」，像「雨女无瓜」这样由老电视剧而来的「米姆」也有先例。

紅軍／红军

又紅又專／又红又专 ― yòuhóngyòuzhuān ― to have a procommunist mindset along with professional skill

(figurative) revolutionary; Communist; Red

豬紅／猪红 [Cantonese] ― zyu¹ hung⁴ [Jyutping] ― pig blood tofu

雞紅／鸡红 [Cantonese]

(euphemistic, Cantonese, Hakka) blood tofu


紅

Placename in the State of Lu during the Spring and Autumn Period in Chinese history, northeast of modern Tai'an, Shandong.


紅

ja-pos

紅(くれない) • (Kurenai) ^(←くれなゐ (Kurenawi)?)

紅 (canonical)
Kurenai (romanization)
Kurenawi (romanization)
くれなゐ (hiragana historical)

⟨kure no₂ awi⟩ → /kurenawi/ → /kurenai/
From Old Japanese.
Shift from 呉の藍 (Kure no ai), itself a compound of 呉 (Kure, “China”) + の (no, possessive particle) + 藍 (ai, “indigo → dye”)). The safflower, from which the crimson dye was extracted, was brought to Japan from China.


紅

*/peni/ → /beni/
First attested in The Pillow Book, completed in 1002.
Shift from *heni, attested in the Wamyō Ruijushō (938 CE) with the original sense of "rouge".
The ni is definitely 丹 (ni, “red earth, cinnabar”), while the initial pe/be remains uncertain.


紅

Alternative spelling for 赤 (aka, “red”).


紅

From 揉み (momi, “kneading”, stem form of verb momu), by extension from the kneading of cloth during the dyeing process.


紅

ja-pos

紅(こう) • (Kō)


綪

Han char

綪 (Kangxi radical 120, 糸+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 女火手一月 (VFQMB), four-corner 2592₇, composition ⿰糹青 or ⿰糹靑)

女火手一月 (cangjie-input)
⿰糹青 (composition)
⿰糹靑 (composition)


綪

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵¹/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵¹/


lava

en-noun

lava (countable and uncountable, plural lavas)

From Italian, from Neapolitan and Sicilian lava (“lava”, but also “downpour overflowing the streets”). Likely in the sense of “landslide, torrent” from Latin labes (“fall”), compare labina (“avalanche, landslide”). A supposed relation with lavare (“to wash”) is now widely discredited. Neither is there probably any relation with Arabic لابة (lāba, “black volcanic rock”).

noncog

lava:

A shade of red, named after the volcanic lava.


rust

en-noun

rust (countable and uncountable, plural rusts)

From Middle English rust, rost, roust, from Old English rust, rūst (“rust”), from Proto-West Germanic *rust, from Proto-Germanic *rustaz (“rust”), from Proto-Indo-European *rudʰso- (“red”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”).
Cognate with Scots roust (“rust”), Saterland Frisian rust (“rust”), West Frisian roast (“rust”), Dutch roest (“rust”), German Rost (“rust”), Danish rust (“rust”), Swedish rost (“rust”), Norwegian rust, ryst (“rust”), Finnish ruoste, Estonian rooste. Related to red.

ҡыҙғылт көрән

qıźğılt körən

front-runner-itis runs: rust: myrtle rust

The rust on my bicycle chain made cycling to work very dangerous.

The deteriorated state of iron or steel as a result of moisture and oxidation.

copper rust

A similar substance based on another metal.

rust:

(philately) Damage caused to stamps and album pages by a fungal infection.


rust

en-verb

rust (third-person singular simple present rusts, present participle rusting, simple past and past participle rusted)

rusts (present singular third-person)
rusting (participle present)
rusted (participle past)
rusted (past)

From Middle English rusten, from the noun (see above).

It's very common for black cats to rust during the summer.

(intransitive) Of a black cat or its fur, to turn rust-coloured following long periods of exposure to sunlight.


flamingo

/fləˈmɪŋɡoʊ/

From Portuguese flamengo (“flamingo”) and Spanish flamenco (“flamingo”), which were adapted from Catalan flamenc (“flamingo”), of disputed ultimate origin in this sense. All three forms are used adjectivally as an ethnonym meaning 'Flemish' (of Germanic origin, cognate to English Fleming); Spanish flamenco refers also to a dance type. Compare also French flamant (“flamingo”).
*The bird's name may derive from the ethnonym by an association of a ruddy complexion or hair color with the Flemings; this etymology is supported by Corominas. (In Spanish, flamenco can be used colloquially as an adjective meaning "robust, healthy-looking".)
* Alternatively, either the dance flamenco, the bird name or both come from attaching the same Germanic-derived ending found in the ethnonym to the distinct root of Latin flamma (“flame”): i.e. Catalan flamenc has been analyzed as flama (“flame”) + -enc. Compare also Portuguese -engo.

Of a deep pink color tinged with orange, like that of a flamingo.


achiote

en-noun

achiote (countable and uncountable, plural achiotes)

/ˌɑt͡ʃiːˈoʊti/

Borrowed from Spanish achiote, from Classical Nahuatl āchiyōtl.

Bixa orellana
Bixa orellana#Translingual

A tropical American evergreen shrub, Bixa orellana; the lipstick tree.


red violet

Of a purplish red colour, like that of a red violet flower.


rouge

rouge (countable and uncountable, plural rouges)

Borrowed from French rouge, from Latin rubeus. Compare rare Middle English rouge, rouȝ (“red”); later borrowed again, as it is not attested until c. 1750. The game senses are of unknown origin according to the Oxford English Dictionary.

[A] wall [...] against which all those formidable "rouges" (as they are most underivably called) take place; in which above twenty players contend, kicking each others' shins nearly as often as the ball

1832 November 19, “On Eton Games, Continued”, in Eton College Magazine, number viii, page 284:

(obsolete) In the Eton wall game, a scrummage, melée.

The 7 got 1 "gaol" and 1 "ruge"; the 11 got 1 "gaol" and 4 "ruges"

1840 November 29, C. Pepys, “[Letter to the editor]”, in Bell's Life in London^(https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Football_(Bells_Life_in_London)_1840-11-29.png), page 4:

A rouge is obtained by touching the ball first, after it has been kicked behind

1847, H.H. Tremayne, A.R. Thompson, Field Game Rules^(https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Laws_of_the_Eton_Field_Game_(1847)):

In the Eton College field game, a scoring move accomplished by touching the ball down behind the opponents' goal-line (somewhat similar to the try in rugby). Originally, the player who scored the rouge had a chance to kick a goal, and the rouge was used as a tie-breaker if an equal number of goals was scored by each side. In the contemporary Eton College field game, a five-point score is awarded for kicking the ball so that it deflects off one of the opposing players and goes beyond the opposition's end of the pitch, and then touching the ball.

(chemistry, archaic) A red amorphous powder consisting of ferric oxide, used in polishing and as a cosmetic; crocus; jeweller's rouge.


rouge

en-verb

rouge (third-person singular simple present rouges, present participle rouging, simple past and past participle rouged)

rouges (present singular third-person)
rouging (participle present)
rouged (participle past)
rouged (past)

She rouged her face before setting out for the party.

She was a lady of about fifty, I should think, youthfully dressed, and of a very fine complexion. If I add to the little list of her accomplishments that she rouged a little, I do not mean that there was any harm in it.

1852 March – 1853 September, Charles Dickens, chapter 13, in Bleak House, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1853, →OCLC:

(ambitransitive) To apply rouge (makeup).


rouge

→ English: rouge

Haitian Creole: rouj, wouj

→ Hijazi Arabic: روج (rōj)

→ Japanese: ルージュ (rūju)

→ Korean: 루주 (ruju)

Louisiana Creole: rouj

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: rouge

→ Serbo-Croatian: ruž

→ Swedish: rouge

→ Turkish: ruj

Inherited from Middle French rouge, from Old French roge, rouge, from Latin rubeus.


hoe

khóc nhiều mắt đỏ hoe

to cry so much that the eyes become reddish

tóc hoe hoe


marchewka

pl-noun

marchewka f (diminutive marcheweczka, related adjective marchewkowy)

marcheweczka (diminutive)
marchewkowy (adjective)
marchewka (nominative singular)
marchewki (nominative plural)
marchewki (genitive singular)
marchewek (genitive plural)
marchewce (dative singular)
marchewkom (dative plural)
marchewkę (accusative singular)
marchewki (accusative plural)
marchewką (instrumental singular)
marchewkami (instrumental plural)
marchewce (locative singular)
marchewkach (locative plural)
marchewko (singular vocative)
marchewki (plural vocative)

(colloquial) redhead (person with red hair)


madder

en-noun

madder (countable and uncountable, plural madders)

From Middle English mader, madere, mædere, from Old English mædere, mæddre, mædre, from Proto-Germanic *madarǭ (compare Swedish madra, Old Norse / Icelandic maðra), from Proto-Indo-European *modʰro-, cognate with Proto-Slavic *modrъ (“blue”), and compare Irish madar (“madder”), Latvian madara (“madder”).

Rubia tinctorum
Rubia tinctorum#Translingual

A herbaceous plant, Rubia tinctorum, native to Asia, cultivated for a red-purple dye (alizarin) obtained from the root.


발갛다

ko-adj

발갛다 • (balgata) (irregular, infinitive 발개, sequential 발가니)

balgata (romanization)
발개 (infinitive)
발가니 (sequential)
발갛다 (formal indicative non-past)
발개 (indicative informal non-past)
발개요 (indicative informal non-past polite)
발갛습니다 (formal indicative non-past polite)
발갰다 (formal indicative past)
발갰어 (indicative informal past)
발갰어요 (indicative informal past polite)
발갰습니다 (formal indicative past polite)
발가냐 (formal interrogative non-past)
발개 (informal interrogative non-past)
발개요 (informal interrogative non-past polite)
발갛습니까 (formal interrogative non-past polite)
발갰냐 (formal interrogative past)
발갰어 (informal interrogative past)
발갰어요 (informal interrogative past polite)
발갰습니까 (formal interrogative past polite)
발갛겠다 (assertive formal)
발갛겠어 (assertive informal)
발갛겠어요 (assertive informal polite)
발갛겠습니다 (assertive formal polite)
발개 (causative formal)
발개서 (causative informal)
발가니 (causative informal polite)
발가니까 (causative formal polite)
발갛지만 (contrastive formal)
발간데 (contrastive informal)
발갛더니 (contrastive informal polite)
발갛고 (conjunctive formal)
발가면 (conditional formal)
발개야 (conditional informal)
발감 (formal noun-from-verb)
발갛기 (informal noun-from-verb)
발갰음 (formal noun-from-verb past)
발갰기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
발간 (determiner informal present)
발갈 (determiner future informal)
발가시다 (indicative non-past)
발가셔 (indicative informal non-past)
발가세요 (indicative non-past polite)
발가셔요 (indicative non-past polite)
발가십니다 (formal indicative non-past)
발가셨다 (indicative past)
발가셨어 (indicative informal past)
발가셨어요 (indicative past polite)
발가셨습니다 (formal indicative past)
발가시냐 (interrogative non-past)
발가셔 (informal interrogative non-past)
발가세요 (interrogative non-past polite)
발가셔요 (interrogative non-past polite)
발가십니까 (formal interrogative non-past)
발가셨냐 (interrogative past)
발가셨어 (informal interrogative past)
발가셨어요 (interrogative past polite)
발가셨습니까 (formal interrogative past)
발가시겠다 (assertive)
발가시겠어 (assertive informal)
발가시겠어요 (assertive polite)
발가시겠습니다 (assertive formal)
발가셔 (causative)
발가셔서 (causative informal)
발가시니 (causative polite)
발가시니까 (causative formal)
발가시지만 (contrastive)
발가신데 (contrastive informal)
발가시더니 (contrastive polite)
발가시고 (conjunctive)
발가시면 (conditional)
발가셔야 (conditional informal)
발가심 (noun-from-verb)
발가시기 (informal noun-from-verb)
발가셨음 (noun-from-verb past)
발가셨기 (informal noun-from-verb past)
발가신 (determiner informal present)
발가실 (determiner future informal)

발갛다:


rufous

en-noun

rufous (countable and uncountable, plural rufouses)

Partners in Flight — a conservation group that tracks several species of birds, including hummingbirds — estimates that the rufous population is currently 62% smaller than it was in 1966. […] Rufouses are adapting, however, and becoming more willing to use urban feeders and gardens.

2021, Daniel I. Stein, Attracting Hummingbirds:

rufous hummingbird
rufous hummingbird#English

(countable) Short for rufous hummingbird.


mulberry

en-adj

mulberry (comparative more mulberry, superlative most mulberry)

more mulberry (comparative)
most mulberry (superlative)

From Middle English mulbery, molberye, murberie, partly from Old English mōrberġe (“mulberry”) (q.v.), and probably partly from Middle Low German mulbere (“mulberry”). Compare Dutch moerbezie, moerbei (“mulberry”), German Maulbeere (“mulberry”).


watermelon

en-noun

watermelon (countable and uncountable, plural watermelons)

/ˈwɔːtəˌmɛlən/

From the 1610s, a compound of water + melon. The meanings referring to environmentalists, collaboraters, and behind schedule projects, derive from the idea of having green (eco-friendly, pro-Tatmadaw, on-schedule) outward appearance while being red (socialist, pro-rebel, behind schedule) in a hidden way comparable to that of the fruit.

Citrullus lanatus
Citrullus lanatus#Translingual

A plant of the species Citrullus lanatus, bearing a melon-like fruit.


rojo

es-noun

rojo m (plural rojos, feminine roja, feminine plural rojas)

rojos (plural)
roja (feminine)
rojas (feminine plural)

From Old Spanish roxo, inherited from Latin russus or russeus, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ-. Compare Portuguese roxo.

(Spain, Peru, derogatory) Red; a left-winger, especially communist


garnet

From Middle English gernet, granate, from Old French grenate, from grenat (“pomegranate red”). Doublet of grenade.


적

Synonym of 적색(赤色) (jeoksaek, “red (colour)”)

the hanja entry at 赤 for Sino-Korean compounds of 적


damask

en-noun

damask (countable and uncountable, plural damasks)

From Middle English damaske, from Medieval Latin damascus, named after the city Damascus, where the fabric was originally made.

Linen so woven that a pattern is produced by the different directions of the thread, without contrast of colour.

Thus the red damask curtains which now shut out the fog-laden, drizzling atmosphere of the Marylebone Road, had cost a mere song, and yet they might have been warranted to last another thirty years. A great bargain also had been the excellent Axminster carpet which covered the floor; as, again, the arm-chair in which Bunting now sat forward, staring into the dull, small fire.

1913, Mrs. [Marie] Belloc Lowndes, chapter I, in The Lodger, London: Methuen, →OCLC; republished in Novels of Mystery: The Lodger; The Story of Ivy; What Really Happened, New York, N.Y.: Longmans, Green and Co., […], [1933], →OCLC, page 0016:

A heavy woolen or worsted stuff with a pattern woven in the same way as the linen damask; made for furniture covering and hangings.

domàs

heavy cloth with a pattern woven in the same way as the linen damask


damask

en-verb

damask (third-person singular simple present damasks, present participle damasking, simple past and past participle damasked)

damasks (present singular third-person)
damasking (participle present)
damasked (participle past)
damasked (past)

Madame de Mercœur had herself arranged her dress, which was splendid white silk, damasked with silver flowers; but it was with much internal misgiving that she put on the graceful cap and plume.

1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter II, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume II, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 19:

To decorate or weave in damascene patterns


ruddy

ruddy (third-person singular simple present ruddies, present participle ruddying, simple past and past participle ruddied)

ruddies (present singular third-person)
ruddying (participle present)
ruddied (participle past)
ruddied (past)

From Middle English ruddy, rody, rudi, from Old English rudiġ (“reddish; ruddy”), from rudu (“redness”), equivalent to rud (“redness”) + -y. Compare Icelandic roði (“redness”).
The British slang sense expressing irritation is presumably a euphemism for bloody.

The sunset ruddied our faces.

It ruddied all the copse-wood glen

1805, Walter Scott, “(please specify the page)”, in The Lay of the Last Minstrel: A Poem, London: […] [James Ballantyne] for Longman, Hurst, Rees, and Orme, […], and A[rchibald] Constable and Co., […], →OCLC:


cerise

en-adj

cerise (comparative more cerise, superlative most cerise)

more cerise (comparative)
most cerise (superlative)

Borrowed from French cerise (mid 19th century), itself from Vulgar Latin ceresia, from Latin cerasium. Doublet of cherry and kirsch.

(of textiles, especially silk) Cherry-colored; a light bright red.


cerise

Inherited from Old French cerise, from Vulgar Latin ceresia, from the neuter plural of Late Latin ceresium, from Latin cerasium, from Ancient Greek κεράσιον (kerásion, “cherry”), from κερασός (kerasós, “bird cherry”), ultimately possibly of Anatolian origin.


cerise

Haitian Creole: seriz

→ English: cerise

→ Swedish: cerise

Coordinate term: griotte


sanguine

en-adj

sanguine (comparative more sanguine, superlative most sanguine)

more sanguine (comparative)
most sanguine (superlative)

From Middle English sanguine, from Old French sanguin, ultimately from Latin sanguineus (“of blood”), from sanguis (“blood”), of uncertain origin, perhaps Proto-Indo-European *h₁sh₂-én-, from *h₁ésh₂r̥ (“blood”). Doublet of sanguineous.

(literary) Having the colour of blood; blood red.


sanguine

sanguynes (plural)
sanguyn (alternative)
sangweyne (alternative)
sangwen (alternative)
sangewyn (alternative)
sangwyn (alternative)
sangwyne (alternative)
sanguyne (alternative)
sangueyn (alternative)

English: sanguine

From Old French sanguin (and feminine sanguine), from Latin sanguineus.

medicinal humors: humour: coler · flewme · malencolie · sanguine [edit]

medicinal humor adjectives: humour: colerik · fleumatik · malencolik · sanguine [edit]

A bloody red colour; sanguine or blood red.


röd

head

röd (comparative rödare, superlative rödast)

rödare (comparative)
rödast (superlative)
röd (indefinite positive)
rödare (comparative indefinite)
rödast (indefinite superlative)
rött (indefinite neuter positive singular)
rödare (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
rödast (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
röda (indefinite plural positive)
rödare (comparative indefinite plural)
rödast (indefinite plural superlative)
röde (archaic indefinite masculine plural positive)
rödare (archaic comparative indefinite masculine plural)
rödast (archaic indefinite masculine plural superlative)
röde (definite masculine positive singular)
rödare (comparative definite masculine singular)
rödaste (definite masculine singular superlative)
röda (definite positive)
rödare (comparative definite)
rödaste (definite superlative)

From Old Swedish rø̄þer, from Old Norse rauðr, from Proto-Germanic *raudaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rowdʰós < *h₁rewdʰ-.

ett rött skärp


poppy

en-noun

poppy (countable and uncountable, plural poppies)

→ Japanese: ポピー (popī)

Beckwithshaw
In Flanders Fields
John McCrae
Moina Michael

PIE word
 *péh₂wr̥
The noun is derived from Late Middle English poppy, Middle English popy, popi, popie (“plant of the genus Papaver; poppy seeds used as a spice”) [and other forms], from Old English popiġ (“poppy”), Early Old English popeġ, popaeġ, popæġ, popei [and other forms], perhaps from Late Latin *papavum, popauer, from Latin papāver (“poppy”), which may be from a reduplication of Proto-Indo-European *péh₂wr̥ (“bonfire”). Doublet of papaver.
Sense 3 (“artificial poppy flower to remember those who died in the two World Wars and other armed conflicts”) reflects the efforts of American professor and humanitarian Moina Michael (1869–1944) to popularize the wearing of artificial poppies in remembrance of those who fought and died in World War I; she was inspired by the poem “In Flanders Fields” (1915) by the Canadian poet and soldier John McCrae (1872–1918): see the quotation.
The adjective is derived from the noun.

nb...

pape, papie, papy, papye, popẹ̄, poppei, popye, (Early Middle English) papig, popi, popig

blue poppy

Meconopsis, especially Meconopsis betonicifolia

In Flanders fields the poppies blow / Between the crosses, row on row, / That mark our place; […] / If ye break faith with us who die / We shall not sleep, though poppies grow / In Flanders fields.

1915 May 3 (date composed), John McCrae, “In Flanders Fields”, in Punch, or The London Charivari, London: Published at the office, 85, Fleet Street, published 8 December 1915, →OCLC; republished in In Flanders Fields and Other Poems, New York, N.Y., London: G[eorge] P[almer] Putnam’s Sons […], 1919, →OCLC, page 3:

We cherish, too, the poppy red / That grows on fields where valor led; / It seems to signal to the skies / That blood of heroes never dies, / […] / And now the torch and poppy red / We wear in honor of our dead. / Fear not that ye have died for naught; / We've learned the lesson that ye taught / In Flanders fields.

1918 November 9, Moina Michael, We Shall Keep the Faith; quoted in Congressional Record: Proceedings and Debates of the First Session of the Sixty-ninth Congress of the United States of America (United States House of Representatives), volume LXVII, part 4, Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office, 1926 February 10, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 3717, column 2:

Papaver rhoeas
Papaver rhoeas#Translingual

Any plant of the genus Papaver or the family Papaveraceae, with crumpled, often red, petals and a milky juice having narcotic properties; especially a common poppy or corn poppy (Papaver rhoeas) which has orange-red flowers; the flower of such a plant.

губгъуэӏущхьэ

gʷubğʷɛʼwuśḥɛ

poppy:

A bright red colour tinted with orange, like that of the common poppy flower.

Troops from the garrison town formed a guard of honour for both sets of players, who emerged for the national anthem with poppies proudly stitched into their tracksuit jackets.

2011 November 10, Jeremy Wilson, “England under 21 5 Iceland under 21 0: Match report”, in Tony Gallagher, editor, The Daily Telegraph, London: Telegraph Media Group, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2011-11-11:

(chiefly Australia, British, Canada) A simple artificial poppy flower worn in a buttonhole or displayed in other contexts to remember those who died in the two World Wars and other armed conflicts, especially around Remembrance Day/Remembrance Sunday.


poppy

Of a bright red colour tinted with orange, like that of the common poppy flower (Papaver rhoeas).

jasnoczerwony

of a bright red colour tinted with orange


geranium

From Latin geranium, from Ancient Greek γερᾰ́νῐον (gerắnĭon), from γέρᾰνος (gérănos, “crane”) + -ῐον (-ĭon, diminutive suffix).

af

The common name for flowering plants of the genus Pelargonium.


peony

peonies (plural)
paeony (alternative)
pioney (alternative)
piony (alternative)

From Old English peonie, peonia et al., from Latin paeōnia; later reinforced by Anglo-Norman peonie, Old French peone, from Latin paeōnia, from Hellenistic Ancient Greek παιωνία (paiōnía), from Ancient Greek Παιών (Paiṓn, “Paeon, the physician of the gods”)/παιών (paiṓn, “a physician”).

der

The root of the Male Peony fresh gathered has been found by experience to cure the falling-sickness.

1653, Nicholas Culpeper, The English Physician Enlarged, Folio Society, published 2007, page 219:

There might ye ſee the pioney ſpread vvide, / The full-blovvn roſe, the ſhepherd and his laſs, / Lap-dog and lambkin vvith black ſtaring eyes, / And parrots vvith tvvin cherries in their beak.

1785, William Cowper, “Book I. The Sofa.”, in The Task, a Poem, […], London: […] J[oseph] Johnson; […], →OCLC, page 3:

'Twas early June, the new grass was flourishing everywheres, the posies in the yard—peonies and such—in full bloom, the sun was shining, and the water of the bay was blue, with light green streaks where the shoal showed.

1913, Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln, chapter I, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients, New York, N.Y., London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC:

Peony would keep away any kind of storms. Mugwort hung over doorways on Midsummer's Day, June 24, would keep off lightning, as St. John's-Wort would if gathered before sunrise on that day.

1940, Rosetta E. Clarkson, Green Enchantments: The Magic Spell of Gardens, The Macmillan Company, page 258:

Mr. Farzan’s narrow backyard in Brooklyn’s South Slope neighborhood is a lush, if slightly chaotic, oasis. There are Fuji apples, Meyer lemons, figs, peonies and avocados — although that’s far from a complete census of all that grows there.

2023 September 29, Molly Fitzpatrick, “He’s the Pawpaw King of Brooklyn. (What’s a Pawpaw?)”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

A flowering plant of the genus Paeonia with large fragrant flowers.


vinröd

head

vinröd (comparative vinrödare, superlative vinrödast)

vinrödare (comparative)
vinrödast (superlative)
vinröd (indefinite positive)
vinrödare (comparative indefinite)
vinrödast (indefinite superlative)
vinrött (indefinite neuter positive singular)
vinrödare (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
vinrödast (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
vinröda (indefinite plural positive)
vinrödare (comparative indefinite plural)
vinrödast (indefinite plural superlative)
vinröde (archaic indefinite masculine plural positive)
vinrödare (archaic comparative indefinite masculine plural)
vinrödast (archaic indefinite masculine plural superlative)
vinröde (definite masculine positive singular)
vinrödare (comparative definite masculine singular)
vinrödaste (definite masculine singular superlative)
vinröda (definite positive)
vinrödare (comparative definite)
vinrödaste (definite superlative)


paprika

en-noun

paprika (countable and uncountable, plural paprikas)

Borrowed from Hungarian paprika, from Serbo-Croatian pàprika, from pȁpar, from Proto-Slavic *pьpьrь, from Latin piper, from Ancient Greek πέπερι (péperi, “pepper”), from Indo-Aryan; compare Sanskrit पिप्पलि (pippali, “long pepper”). Akin to paprikash.

cog

California is taking the lead, producing a paprika that is more standardized and more uniformly available than the European growers offer.

1995, Jean Andrews, Peppers: The Domesticated Capsicums, →ISBN, page 73:

Capsicum annuum
Capsicum annuum#Translingual

(uncountable) Powdered spice made from dried and ground fruits of sweet pepper (bell pepper) or chili pepper (cultivars of Capsicum annuum), or mixtures of these (used especially in Hungarian cooking).

strings of red paprikas hang outside to dry in the autumn

2003, Jonathan Bousfield, Rough Guide to Croatia, →ISBN, page 123:

(countable, rare, commonly called "dried [bell/chilli] peppers" or "dried capsicums") A dried but not yet ground fruit of sweet pepper (bell pepper) or chili pepper sold for use as a spice.

paprika:

A bright reddish orange colour resembling that of the ground spice.


paprika

en-adj

paprika (comparative more paprika, superlative most paprika)

more paprika (comparative)
most paprika (superlative)
paprica (alternative)

Of a bright reddish orange colour, like that of the dried paprika.


paprika

From English paprika, borrowed from Hungarian paprika, from Serbo-Croatian pàprika, from pȁpar, from Proto-Slavic *pьpьrь, from Latin piper, from Ancient Greek πέπερι (péperi, “pepper”), from Indo-Aryan; compare Sanskrit पिप्पलि (pippali, “long pepper”).

paprika; powdered spice made from dried and ground fruits of sweet pepper (bell pepper) or chili pepper (cultivars of Capsicum annuum), or mixtures of these


bordo

pl-adj

bordo (not comparable, no derived adverb)

bordo:

bordeaux, claret (having a dark red color tinged with purple, like that of Bordeaux (red) wine)


bordo

bordeaux (dark red color tinged with purple, like that of Burgundy (red) wine)

Bordeaux (wine coming from Bordeaux in France)


rosso

it-adj

rosso (feminine rossa, masculine plural rossi, feminine plural rosse)

rossa (feminine)
rossi (masculine plural)
rosse (feminine plural)

From Latin russus, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ-. Cognate with Latin rosa.

[…] Ed ei mi disse: «Il foco etterno ¶ ch'entro l'affoca le dimostra rosse, ¶ come tu vedi in questo basso inferno».

1300s–1310s, Dante Alighieri, “Canto VIII”, in Inferno [Hell], lines 73–75; republished as Giorgio Petrocchi, editor, La Commedia secondo l'antica vulgata [The Commedia according to the ancient vulgate], 2ⁿᵈ revised edition, Florence: publ. Le Lettere, 1994:

And he to me: "The fire eternal that kindles them within makes them look red, as thou beholdest in this nether Hell".


rosso

Ond' io a lui: «Lo strazio e 'l grande scempio ¶ che fece l'Arbia colorata in rosso, ¶ tal orazion fa far nel nostro tempio».

1321, Dante Alighieri, La divina commedia: Inferno [The Divine Comedy: Hell], 12th edition (paperback), Le Monnier, published 1994, Canto X, page 158, lines 85–87:

Whence I to him: "The slaughter and great carnage ¶ which have with crimson stained the Arbia, cause ¶ such orisons in our temple to be made."

(metonymically, sometimes derogatory) a Socialist or Communist


amaranth

en-noun

amaranth (countable and uncountable, plural amaranths)

amaranths (plural)
amarant (alternative)

Borrowed from French amarante, or directly from its etymon Latin amarantus (the word ending influenced by plant names derived from Ancient Greek ἄνθος (ánthos, “a bloom, blossom, flower”)), from Ancient Greek ἀμάραντος (amárantos, “eternal, undying, unfading, unwilting; amaranth; everlasting flower”) (modern Greek αμάραντος (amárantos)), from ᾰ̓- (ă-, the alpha privativum, a prefix forming words having a sense opposite to the word or stem to which it is attached) + μαραίνω (maraínō, “to shrivel, wither”) + -τος (-tos, suffix forming adjectives).

edible amaranth

Chinese amaranth, Ganges amaranth, willow-leaf amaranth; Amaranthus tricolor

Amaranth, the most common red food colour in both the US and UK, was banned last week in the US after a study suggested that it caused cancer in rats. […] The situation is confused, however, because the test rats were mixed up with the controls in the US tests, and because some tests have indicated hazards while similar tests show the dye to be safe. In April 1975, the joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) gave amaranth temporary approval through 1978.

1976 January 29, “US Bans Commonest Red Food Colour”, in Bernard Dixon, editor, New Scientist, volume 69, number 985, London: New Science Publications, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 234, column 1:

Amaranth is a red azo-dye with the chemical name trisodium 2-hydroxyl-1-(4-sulfonato-1-naphthylazo)naphthalene-3,6-disulfonate […]. Amaranth appears to be relatively unstable in solution and in processed food. Biscuits containing Amaranth showed a loss of 39–45% promoted by the use of baking soda, sucrose, and dextrose. The degradation of Amaranth may lead to the presence of naphthenic acid equivalent to the loss of Amaranth.

2015, J. König, “Food Colour Additives of Synthetic Origin”, in Michael J. Scotter, editor, Colour Additives for Foods and Beverages (Woodhead Publishing Series in Food Science, Technology and Nutrition; no. 279), Amsterdam: Elsevier; Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Woodhead Publishing, →ISBN, part 1 (Development and Regulatory Issues for Food Colourings), section 2.2.4 (Amaranth), page 41:

(organic chemistry) A red to purple azo dye used as a biological stain, and in some countries in cosmetics and as a food colouring. See Amaranth (dye).


karat

karat:


karat

ms-noun

karat (Jawi spelling کارت, plural karat-karat, informal 1st possessive karatku, 2nd possessive karatmu, 3rd possessive karatnya)

کارت (Jawi)
karat-karat (plural)
karatku (first-person informal possessive)
karatmu (possessive second-person)
karatnya (possessive third-person)

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *karat (“rust”).

karat:


burgundy

en-adj

burgundy (comparative more burgundy, superlative most burgundy)

more burgundy (comparative)
most burgundy (superlative)

1881, from attributive use of Burgundy (“wine from Burgundy”) from Burgundy wine, from Burgundy (“region of France”) + wine.

She and her beige-chemised assistant entered the salonlike fourth-floor showroom and were ushered into a smaller private room with burgundy carpeting that matched Rubylee's J. Tiktiner print dress.

1981, “Texas Monthly”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name), volume 9, number 1, page 96:

Of a deep purple red color like that of Burgundy wine.


claret

en-noun

claret (countable and uncountable, plural clarets)

From Middle English claret, from Middle French claret, from Medieval Latin clārātum vīnum, from clārus.
Compare tent (“Spanish red wine”), also from color

The vesper bell had rung its parting note; the domini were mostly caged in comfortable quarters, discussing the merits of old port; and the merry student had closed his oak, to consecrate the night to friendship, sack, and claret.

The New Sporting Magazine (volume 15, page 23)

CLARET JELLY SANDWICH: Soak one box of gelatine in one cup of cold water, then dissolve in one cup of boiling water, add one cup of sugar and strain. When cold, add the juice of half a lemon, and one cup of claret and set in a cool place. When ready for use, cover thin slices of lightly buttered white bread with the jelly, cover with another slice of buttered bread and cut in strips.

1909, Eva Greene Fuller, The Up-To-Date Sandwich Book: 400 Ways to Make a Sandwich, page 155:

(chiefly UK) A dry red wine produced in the Bordeaux region of France, or a similar wine made elsewhere.

Time being called, Johnson rose from his second’s knee with the heart of a lion—the immense size and weight of his opponent seemed lost sight of—not a particle of fear belonged to him; and screwing his courage up to the sticking-place, boldly faced his man, putting all the excellence of his science into action, put in such a tremendous blow on the sensitive plant of Perrins—otherwise his sneezer, or nose—whichever term you like best—that split it all the way down as if cut open with a carving-knife; the claret flowing in torrents; and the Giant floored!

1851, Pierce Egan, Every Gentleman’s Manual: A Lecture on the Art of Self-Defence, page 46:

I then gave him a dig on the head with my fist. He squared up, and pouted like an enraged chameleon, looking savagely at me. I gave him another dig, which sent him staggering. He squared again: I gave him another; till at last, as the claret was flowing, he sulked off, and said he would not serve me any more.

1863, John Hanning Speke, Journal of the Discovery of the Source of the Nile, page 271:

Blooded warrior Paul Ince, with his head bedecked in a bandage – if not quite possessing quite the amount of claret spilled by Terry Butcher in Stockholm in 1989 – enforcing order on a patch of green in Rome to help his country triumph in the face of adversity and clear a path to the World Cup finals of 1998.

2017 October 1, “Bygones: Ince gives blood for the cause as he leads from the front in Rome”, in Yorkshire Post:

You play as one of these Revenants, but there’s no feeding on human blood, as instead the most reliable source of claret comes from things called blood beads, which grow on plants.

2019 September 27, “Code Vein review – it's an anime version of Dark Souls”, in Metro:

He was rejuvenated within a week, thanks to a diet of fresh claret direct from the jugular, while the lawyer slept.

2020 January 2, Roxy Simons, “'How the hell am I supposed to sleep tonight, BBC?': Viewers are left terrified by first episode of Dracula with its decapitated nun and blood-thirsty babies (but some are distracted by vampire's quirky accent)”, in Daily Mail:

DeLuca beat the count but Brook had the stench of claret filling his nostrils and he was close to getting the finish before the bell saved the overmatched 31-year-old.

2020 February 8, Wally Downes Jr, “KELL OF A WIN: Kell Brook enjoys triumphant return in Sheffield as he knocks out Mark DeLuca in the seventh round”, in The Sun:


claret

en-verb

claret (third-person singular simple present clarets, present participle clareting, simple past and past participle clareted)

clarets (present singular third-person)
clareting (participle present)
clareted (participle past)
clareted (past)

We clareted and champagned till two—then supped, and finished with a kind of regency punch composed of madeira, brandy, and green tea, no real water being admitted therein. There was a night for you!

By night, again, we miss the bright cafe, the brilliantly illuminated offices, and the fringe of guests smoking and clareting […]

1869, Andrew Wynter, Subtle Brains and Lissom Fingers:

(intransitive, archaic) To drink claret.


blood red

en-adj

blood red (comparative more blood red, superlative most blood red)

more blood red (comparative)
most blood red (superlative)
bloodred (alternative)
blood-red (alternative)

From Middle English blodred, blodread, Old English blōdrēad (“bloodred”), from Proto-West Germanic *blōdaraud, from Proto-Germanic *blōþaraudaz, equivalent to blood + red. Cognate with Saterland Frisian bloudrood (“bloodred”), West Frisian bloedread (“bloodred”), Dutch bloedrood (“bloodred”), Low German bloodrood (“bloodred”), German blutrot (“bloodred”), Swedish blodröd (“bloodred”), Icelandic blóðrauður (“bloodred”).


brick red

Of a warm brownish-red colour similar to that of red clay bricks.


cinnabar

en-adj

cinnabar (comparative more cinnabar, superlative most cinnabar)

more cinnabar (comparative)
most cinnabar (superlative)

/ˈsɪn.əˌbɑɹ/

/ˈsɪn.əˌbɑɹ/

First attested in the mid-15th century. From Middle English cynabare, from Old French cinabre, from Latin cinnabaris, from Ancient Greek κιννάβαρι (kinnábari), of unknown origin.

Of a bright red colour tinted with orange.


hot pink

hot pink (comparative more hot pink, superlative most hot pink)

more hot pink (comparative)
most hot pink (superlative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-hot pink.wav


incarnadine

en-verb

incarnadine (third-person singular simple present incarnadines, present participle incarnadining, simple past and past participle incarnadined)

incarnadines (present singular third-person)
incarnadining (participle present)
incarnadined (participle past)
incarnadined (past)

The adjective is derived from French incarnadin, incarnadine, from Italian incarnadino, a variant of incarnatino (“carnation; flesh colour”), from incarnato (“embodied, incarnate”) + -ino (suffix forming adjectives denoting composition, colour, or other qualities). Incarnato is derived from Ecclesiastical Latin and Late Latin incarnātus (“having been made incarnate”), the perfect passive participle of incarnō (“to become or make incarnate; to make into flesh”), from in- (suffix meaning ‘in, inside, within’) + Latin carō (“flesh, meat; body”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to cut off”)) + -ō (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs).
The noun and verb are derived from the adjective.
Adjective senses 2 and 3 (“of the blood-red colour of raw flesh; (figurative) bloostained, bloody”) and noun sense 2 (“blood-red colour of raw flesh”) are due to William Shakespeare’s use of the word as a verb in Macbeth (c. 1606): see the quotation below.

der

[T]he clouds, till that time thick in the sky, broke away from the upper heaven, and allowed the noonday sun to pour down through the lantern upon her, irradiating her with a warm light that was incarnadined by her pink doublet and hose, and reflected in upon her face.

1880–1881, Thomas Hardy, chapter VII, in A Laodicean; or, The Castle of the De Stancys. A Story of To-day. […], volume II, London: Sampson Low, Marston, Searle & Rivington, […], published 1881, →OCLC, book the second (continued; Dare and Havill), pages 37–38:

(transitive, originally) To make flesh-coloured.


misty rose

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-misty rose.wav

Of very faint pink color, like that of a rose veiled in mist.


Pompeian red

Of a red colour, tinted with orange, like that of the houses of Pompeii.


stammel

The Violet’s purple, the sweet Rose’s stammell,

1611, “The Third Daie of the First Week”, in Josuah Sylvester, transl., Du Bartas his Deuine Weekes, London:

Of a bright red colour, like that of the stammel cloth.


Turkey red

en-noun

Turkey red (countable and uncountable, plural Turkey reds)

From the origin of the red dye in the Ottoman Empire ("Turkey").

(historical) A durable red dye originally obtained from madder and later prepared chemically.

Turkey red:

A vibrant shade of red similar to the dye.


Turkey red

en-adj

Turkey red (comparative more Turkey red, superlative most Turkey red)

more Turkey red (comparative)
most Turkey red (superlative)

Coloured Turkey red or (inexact) a similarly vibrant red.


Venetian red

Venetian red (comparative more Venetian red, superlative most Venetian red)

more Venetian red (comparative)
most Venetian red (superlative)


violet red

Of a deep purplish pink colour, like that of some violets.


amaranthine

en-noun

amaranthine (countable and uncountable, plural amaranthines)

amaranthines (plural)
amarantine (alternative)

/ˌæm.əˈɹæn.θɪn/

Coined by Milton, originally meaning "unfading", as amaranth + -ine, from Ancient Greek ἀμάραντος (amárantos, “unfading”). Later used for color. First attested in the 1660s.

der

Ah! when the eternal morning dawns,
And amaranthines shall displace the thorns […]

1857, Eleanor Duckworth, Milly Wentworth, Poems and Sketches, page 65:


amaranthine

en-adj

amaranthine (comparative more amaranthine, superlative most amaranthine)

more amaranthine (comparative)
most amaranthine (superlative)
amarantine (alternative)

/ˌæm.əˈɹæn.θɪn/

[…] The angelick blast
Filled all the regions: from their blisful bowers
Of amarantine shade, fountain or spring,
By the waters of life, where’er they sat
In fellowships of joy, the sons of light
Hasted, resorting to the summons high

1667, John Milton, “Book XI”, in Paradise Lost. […], London: […] [Samuel Simmons], and are to be sold by Peter Parker […]; [a]nd by Robert Boulter […]; [a]nd Matthias Walker, […], →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

Ah! is Thy love indeed
A weed, albeit an amaranthine weed,
Suffering no flowers except its own to mount?

1893, Francis Thompson, The Hound of Heaven:

“Fuchsia,” said the Doctor, “come along this evening and I’ll give you a tonic which you must make her take every day. By all that’s amaranthine you really must. […]”

1946, Mervyn Peake, Titus Groan, London: Eyre & Spottiswoode:

Relating to the mythical amaranth flower that never fades.

Relating to, or having the form of plants of the genus Amaranthus.


oxblood

oxblood (comparative more oxblood, superlative most oxblood)

more oxblood (comparative)
most oxblood (superlative)

He was tall and lean, with lank fair hair and a square jaw, togged out in tweeds and a checked shirt and scuffed, oxblood brogues.


pillar-box red

Of a bright red colour, like that of a British post box.


chrome red

en-noun

chrome red (countable and uncountable, plural chrome reds)


Chinese red

Of a vivid red colour tinted with orange.


Indian red

1672 pigment, c. 1810–27 colour and adjective. Indian + red, the pigment originally being an earth obtained from the East Indies.

Indian-red (alternative)
India red (alternative)

Having the colour of Indian red pigment.


Rot

de-noun

Rot n (strong, genitive Rots, plural Rots)

Rots (genitive)
Rots (plural)
Rot (nominative singular)
Rots (definite nominative plural)
Rots (genitive singular)
Rots (definite genitive plural)
Rot (dative singular)
Rots (dative definite plural)
Rot (accusative singular)
Rots (accusative definite plural)

German playing cards
German playing cards


cherry red

Of a deep bright red colour, like that of a cherry.


abram

en-adj

abram (comparative more abram, superlative most abram)

more abram (comparative)
most abram (superlative)

The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles

Oxford University Press
w:Oxford University Press


vinaceous

Borrowed from Late Latin vinaceus, from Latin vinum.

vinaceous:

A specific color among several that represent red wine.


vinous

vinous (comparative more vinous, superlative most vinous)

more vinous (comparative)
most vinous (superlative)

From Late Middle English vinous, vinose (“consisting of, containing, or made of wine”), from Latin vīnōsus (“fond of wine; wine-flavoured”), from vīnum (“wine”) + -ōsus (adjective-forming suffix meaning ‘full of, prone to’).

روحاني

pertaining to or having the characteristics of wine

The bride, in passing down stairs, dressed for her journey, found Tom waiting for her—flushed, either with his feelings, or the vinous part of the breakfast.

1854, Charles Dickens, “Husband and Wife”, in Hard Times. For These Times, London: Bradbury & Evans, […], →OCLC, book the first (Sowing), pages 127–128:

en:of wine or like wine
en:involving the use of wine

Pertaining to or having the characteristics of wine.

Near-synonyms: winelike, wine-dark, wine-blue

[...] François' quick eye detected the presence of some very small birds moving among the blossoms. They were at once pronounced to be humming-birds, and of that species known as the "ruby-throats" (Trochilus rolubris), so called, because a flake of a beautiful vinous colour under the throat of the males exhibits, in the sun, all the glancing glories of the ruby.

1853, [Thomas] Mayne Reid, “The Shrike and the Humming-birds”, in The Young Voyageurs, or The Boy Hunters in the North, London: George Routledge and Sons, Limited; New York, N.Y.: E[dward] P[ayson] Dutton and Co., →OCLC, page 268:

Day was breaking, and the sheets of talc in the walls were filled with a vinous colour.

1904, Gustave Flaubert, “Tanith”, in Salammbô: A Romance of Ancient Carthage […], volume III, Chicago, Ill.: Simon P. Magee, →OCLC, page 99:

en:of wine or like wine
en:of the colour of red wine


लाल

hi-adj

लाल • (lāl) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling لَال)

Borrowed from Classical Persian لال (lāl). Compare Bengali লাল (lal), Gujarati લાલ (lāl), Marathi लाल (lāl), Odia ଲାଲ (lāla), Punjabi ਲਾਲ (lāl) / لال (lāl).


लाल

lāl (romanization)
لَال (Urdu)
लाल (direct singular)
लाल (direct plural)
लाल (oblique singular)
लालों (oblique plural)
लाल (singular vocative)
लालो (plural vocative)


लाल

head

लाल • (lāl) (Latin script lal, Kannada script ಲಾಲ್)

lāl (romanization)
lal (Latin character)
ಲಾಲ್ (Kannada character)

Borrowed from Classical Persian لال (lāl).


लाल

Borrowed from Classical Persian لال (lāl). Compare Gujarati લાલ (lāl), Hindustani لَال (lāl) / लाल (lāl), Punjabi ਲਾਲ (lāl) / لال (lāl), Bengali লাল (lal).


लाल

लाल • (lāl) m

mr-noun

लाल • (lāl) m


nacarat

en-noun

nacarat (countable and uncountable, plural nacarats)

Borrowed from French nacarat, from Spanish or Portuguese nacarado, from Arabic نَقَّارَة (naqqāra, “small drum”), from نَقَرَ (naqara, “to hollow out”). Related to English nacre.


ciliegia

it-noun

ciliegia f (plural ciliegie or ciliege, diminutive ciliegìna, augmentative ciliegióna)

ciliegie (plural)
ciliege (plural)
ciliegìna (diminutive)
ciliegióna (augmentative)
ciriegia (alternative)

From the variant ciriegia, from Vulgar Latin ceresia, from the neuter plural of Late Latin ceresium, from Latin cerasium, from Ancient Greek κεράσιον (kerásion, “cherry”), from κερασός (kerasós, “bird cherry”), ultimately possibly of Anatolian origin. Alternatively from ciliegio, ciriegio (Tuscan), from Late Latin ceresus, from Latin cerasus. See also cerasa. Double hypercorrectism : Tuscan corrects intervocalic R → intervocalic L (assuming that cer- is a Lombard pronunciation) ; and corrects -SA → -GIA (mistakenly assuming -sa is another Lombard pronunciation) ; same for garea→ galera, another hypercorrectism


fragola

it-noun

fragola f (plural fragole, diminutive fragolétta or fragolìna, augmentative fragolóna or fragolóne m)

fragole (plural)
fragolétta (diminutive)
fragolìna (diminutive)
fragolóna (augmentative)
fragolóne (augmentative masculine)
fravola (alternative)


fragola

→ Arabic: فَرَاوْلَة (farāwla)

→ Byzantine Greek: φράγουλα (phrágoula)

Greek: φράουλα (fráoula)

→ Sardinian: fràgula


fragola

fragola (canonical)
color fragola (canonical)
fravola (alternative)


ruĝa

eo-head

ruĝa (accusative singular ruĝan, plural ruĝaj, accusative plural ruĝajn)

ruĝan (accusative singular)
ruĝaj (plural)
ruĝajn (accusative plural)
rugha (alternative)
rugxa (alternative)

From French rouge, ultimately from Latin rubeus (“red, reddish”). Compare English rouge, Occitan roge, Spanish rúbeo, Galician rubio, Italian robbio.

La ruĝa dorsosako estas la mia.


paco

Of unclear origin. Possibly a shortening of pasta de cocaína, or a corruption of basuco (“cocaine paste”).


grana

Inherited from Latin grāna, plural of grānum (“grain”).


grana

Y los ſoldados entretexieron de eſpinas vna corona, y puſieronla ſobre ſu cabeça, y viﬅieronlo de vna ropa de grana.

1569, Casiodoro de Reina, Biblia del Oso Juan 19:2

And the soldiers interwove a crown out of thorns, and put it on his head, and they clothed him in a burgundy robe


caoba

es-adj

caoba m or f (masculine and feminine plural caobas)

Borrowed from Taíno caoban (“mahogany”).

Tú hacías de Lauren Bacall, yo de Humphrey Bogart / Sharapova de color caoba

2016, “Un Bolero en Berlín”, in Trap Mirror, performed by Los Chikos del Maíz:


mahogany

en-adj

mahogany (comparative more mahogany, superlative most mahogany)

more mahogany (comparative)
most mahogany (superlative)
mahoganey (alternative)
mahoganee (alternative)
mahogeney (alternative)
mahogeny (alternative)
mohogeny (alternative)
mohogeney (alternative)
mahagony (alternative)
mahagoney (alternative)

Honduras
Indigenous languages of the Americas
mahogany

A word of unknown origin, concocted in either English or Middle Dutch from one or more exotic phytonyms and common European words.
Alternatively from Portuguese mogano, mógono, obsolete forms of mogno, itself of unknown origin (often suggested to be from the English word instead of the reverse), perhaps from an extinct indigenous language, such as a Mayan language originally spoken in Honduras or a South American language, but no known cognates survive. Another theory attempts to link Yoruba moganwo (“trees”, literally “tall ones”), but this has been criticized.


terracotta

en-noun

terracotta (usually uncountable, plural terracottas)

terracottas (plural)
terra cotta (alternative)
terra-cotta (alternative)

/ˌtɛɹ.əˈkɒt.ə/

/ˌtɛɹ.əˈkɑt.ə/

Borrowed from Italian terra (“earth”) + cotta (“baked”).

terracotta:

A reddish brown colour, like that of terra cotta.


sangria

sangria (countable and uncountable, plural sangrias)

Borrowed from Spanish sangría, from sangre (“blood”) + -ía.

Just a perfect day / Drink sangria in the park

1972, Lou Reed (lyrics and music), “Perfect Day”, in Transformer:

Sipping a sangria with a girl named Julia / Hot Jamaican sand beneath our feet

1978, “Last Summer”, in Blondes Have More Fun, performed by Rod Stewart:

A cold drink, originating in Spain, consisting of red or white wine, brandy or sherry, fruit juice, sugar and soda water and garnished with orange and other fruit.

سانجريا

Spanish wine drink with fruit, sugar and soda


czerwony

pl-adj

czerwony (comparative czerwieńszy or bardziej czerwony, superlative najczerwieńszy or najbardziej czerwony, derived adverb czerwono)

czerwieńszy (comparative)
bardziej czerwony (comparative)
najczerwieńszy (superlative)
najbardziej czerwony (superlative)
czerwony (masculine nominative singular)
czerwona (feminine nominative singular)
czerwone (neuter nominative singular)
czerwoni (nominative plural virile)
czerwone (nominative plural)
czerwonego (genitive masculine singular)
czerwonej (feminine genitive singular)
czerwonego (genitive neuter singular)
czerwonych (genitive plural)
czerwonych (genitive plural virile)
czerwonemu (dative masculine singular)
czerwonej (dative feminine singular)
czerwonemu (dative neuter singular)
czerwonym (dative plural)
czerwonym (dative plural virile)
czerwonego (accusative animate masculine singular)
czerwony (accusative inanimate masculine singular)
czerwoną (accusative feminine singular)
czerwone (accusative neuter singular)
czerwonych (accusative plural virile)
czerwone (accusative plural)
czerwonym (instrumental masculine singular)
czerwoną (feminine instrumental singular)
czerwonym (instrumental neuter singular)
czerwonymi (instrumental plural)
czerwonymi (instrumental plural virile)
czerwonym (locative masculine singular)
czerwonej (feminine locative singular)
czerwonym (locative neuter singular)
czerwonych (locative plural)
czerwonych (locative plural virile)

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *čьrvenъ, passive participle of *čьrviti (“to dye red”), from *čьrvь (“worm”), certain worms being used to manufacture red dye.

czerwony kolor:


cochineal

en-noun

cochineal (countable and uncountable, plural cochineals)

cochineals (plural)
cochinille (alternative)

/ˌkɒt͡ʃɪˈniːl/

The noun is borrowed from Middle French cochenille (modern French cochenille), from Italian cocciniglia or Spanish cochinilla; further etymology uncertain, possibly from Latin coccineus, coccinus (“scarlet-dyed; scarlet in colour”) (whence Italian coccineo (“scarlet in colour”)) + Italian -iglia (suffix forming collective nouns), Spanish -illa (“diminutive suffix”). Coccinus is derived from Ancient Greek κόκκῐνος (kókkĭnos, “scarlet; (figurative) blushing”, adjective), from κόκκος (kókkos, “kermes oak (Quercus coccifera); insect of the genus Kermes living on the oak; scarlet dye made from crushed kermes insects”) (possibly from Pre-Greek) + -ῐνος (-ĭnos, suffix forming adjectives).
According to the Oxford English Dictionary, cochineal is not derived from Spanish cochinilla (“pill bug, especially the common pill bug (Armadillidium vulgare)”), a diminutive of cochina (“female pig, sow”) (from the animal’s shape), which coincidentally has the same spelling as cochinilla (“cochineal”).
The adjective is derived from the noun.

noncog

The Cochineel is an Inſect, bred in a ſort of Fruit much like the Prickle Pear. […] The Silveſter gives a colour almoſt as fair as the Cochineel; and ſo like it as to be often miſtaken for it, but it is not near ſo valuable.

1697, William Dampier, chapter VIII, in A New Voyage Round the World. […], London: […] James Knapton, […], →OCLC, pages 228–229:

A prodigious quantity of insects of all sorts (but no mosquitoes) assailed us at our evening meal. […] There were some that were larger—earwigs, cochineals, a little mole-cricket, and an enormous mantis. I stuffed a number of them into my poison-bottle.

1930, André Gide, “Back Again”, in Dorothy Bussy, transl., Travels in the Congo […], red seal edition, New York, N.Y.: Modern Age Books, published 1937, →OCLC, part 2 (Back from the Chad), page 194:

The cochineal insects belong to the genus Dactylopius and are interesting not only on account of the dye, used in confectionery, that is obtained from them, but also because of the effect certain kinds have on their host-plants. The cochineals that infest certain kinds of prickly pear of the genus Monacantha have such an adverse effect on the plants, that the latter are completely destroyed. […] One of the cochineals that infest the last-named does have a killing effect at times, but by no means so marked.

1936, H. K. Munro, F. A. Fouché, “Introduction”, in A List of the Scale Insects and Mealy Bugs (Coccidae) and Their Host-plants in South Africa = ’n Lys van die Dopluise en Wolluise (Coccidae) en hul Voedsterplante in Suid-Afrika (Union of South Africa, Department of Agriculture and Forestry Bulletin; no. 158), Pretoria, South Africa: Government printer, →OCLC, page 6:

The red dye—or cochineal red as it is called—is present in the body of cochineals, as is clearly apparent if one of the bugs is accidentally squashed. Cochineals were cultivated for their dye in the New World long before the arrival of the Spaniards. When Hernán Cortés entered Mexico in 1519 he was much taken by the widespread use of red in Aztec culture, and was downright dazzled by the magnificence of Montezuma's [i.e., Moctezuma II's] robe.

2003, Thomas Eisner, “The Opportunists”, in For the Love of Insects, Cambridge, Mass.; London: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, →ISBN, page 318:

(countable) A scale insect of the species Dactylopius coccus, native to the tropical and subtropical Americas, which lives on prickly pear cacti (genus Opuntia).


dubonnet

en-noun

dubonnet (usually uncountable, plural dubonnets)

[…] greens, and blues through deep-toned dubonnets, grays, and greens.

dubonnet:

The reddish purple colour of the apéritif Dubonnet.


rutilant

en-adj

rutilant (comparative more rutilant, superlative most rutilant)

more rutilant (comparative)
most rutilant (superlative)

From Late Middle English rutilaunt (“shining with a gold or red colour”), from Latin rutilantem, accusative masculine or feminine singular of rutilāns (“reddening”) (or directly from the latter), an adjective use of the present participle of rutilō (“to redden”) (from rutilus (“(yellowish) red”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”)) + -āns (suffix forming the present active participle of first conjugation verbs). The English word is cognate with Italian rutilante (literary), Portuguese rutilante, Spanish rutilante.

inh

[S]tately Hyperion or the lordly ſonne, the moſt rutilant planet of the ſeuẽ, in Lent when Heralius herring enters into his chiefe reign and ſcepterdome, ſkippeth and danſeth[,] the goats iumpe on the earth for ioy of his entrance.

1599, [Thomas] Nashe, Nashes Lenten Stuffe, […], London: […] [Thomas Judson and Valentine Simmes] for N[icholas] L[ing] and C[uthbert] B[urby] […], →OCLC, page 36:

[T]he colour of a Comet ſignifies the Nature of the Ruling Planet. This was of a Fiery Red, but mixed with a dusky Silver colour, which made it look but dim in appearance, (unleſs in clear Nights before the Moon was up, for then it look'd more Rutilant:) and therefore it was likewiſe in this reſpect of the Nature of Mars and Mercury, [...]

a. 1682, George Wharton, “An Excellent Discourse of the Names, Genus, Species, Efficient and Final Causes of All Comets, &c.”, in John Gadbury, compiler, The Works of that Late Most Excellent Philosopher and Astronomer, Sir George Wharton, Bar[onet]. […], London: […] H[enry] H[ills] for John Leigh, […], published 1683, →OCLC, pages 170–171:

Thy Candour, which the Opticks Quondam drew, / And o'er the Viſible Ideas rang'd, / Was by the Gore of that Lewd Goddeſs chang'd / To Rutilant Purpureous Sanguin Hue.

1707, “The Life of Estevanillo Gonzales, the Pleasantest and Most Diverting of All Comical Scoundrels”, in [Andrés Pérez de León (or Francisco López de Ubeda); Fernando de Rojas; Juan de Ávila], translated by John Stevens, The Spanish Libertines: […], London: […] Samuel Bunchley, […], →OCLC, chapter XIV, page 507:

Nitrous acid. #92;#123; It is nitric acid holding nitrous acid in solution, nearly absorbs its weight from it; then in a rutilant vapour more volatile than nitric acid.

1813, “CHEMISTRY”, in John Mason Good, Olinthus Gregory, Newton Bosworth [et al.], editors, Pantologia. A New Cyclopædia, […], volumes III (Cea–Czo), London: […] G. Kearsley; […], →OCLC:

His [Percy Bysshe Shelley's] genius lay outside the general trend of our poetical evolution; he is exotic and unique, and such influence as he has had, apart from the effect on the pulse of the individual of the rutilant beauty of his strophes, has not been very advantageous.

1897, Edmund Gosse, “The Age of Byron: 1815–1840”, in A Short History of Modern English Literature, New York, N.Y.: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC, page 314:

Mother's milk, Purefoy, the milk of human kin, milk too of those burgeoning stars overhead, rutilant in thin rainvapour, punch milk, such as those rioters will quaff in their guzzlingden, milk of madness, the honeymilk of Canaan's land.

1922 February, James Joyce, “[Episode 14: Oxen of the Sun]”, in Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC, part II [Odyssey], page 403:

[Jack] Kearns is as rutilant a personality as [Joey] Maxim apparently isn't, and from many of the newspaper stories that appeared in the weeks leading up to the fight one would have thought that Kearns, not Maxim, was signed to fight [Sugar Ray] Robinson.

1956, A[bbott] J[oseph] Leibling, “Kearns by a Knockout”, in The Sweet Science, New York, N.Y.: North Point Press, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, published 2004, →ISBN, page 63:

She was now 16 and sending off her first radiations and vibrations dressed in Varda's own rutilant colors.

1964, Anaïs Nin, Collages, Denver, Colo.: Alan Swallow, →OCLC:

He had a round head as bare as a knee, a corpse's button nose, and very white, very limp, very damp hands adorned with rutilant gems.

1969, Vladimir Nabokov, chapter 11, in Ada, or, Ardor: A Family Chronicle, Harmondsworth, London: Penguin Books, published 1970, →ISBN, part 2, page 347:

In their absence, the rosy, rutilant glow of Stone Canyon Road was rendered bogus and counterfeit. Like the period houses that lined the stage streets on Metro's Lot 3, Judy [Garland]'s dream house was little more than a set, a beautiful façade, with nothing, nothing at all, behind it.

2000, Gerald Clarke, “Production No. 1060—The Wizard of Oz”, in Get Happy: The Life of Judy Garland (A Delta Book), New York, N.Y.: Dell Publishing, published March 2001, →ISBN, page 111:

(literary or sciences, also figuratively) Shining or glowing with a red colour or light.

rutilante

shining or glowing with a red colour or light


azorubine

en-noun

azorubine (countable and uncountable, plural azorubines)

(organic chemistry) a red azo dye used as a food colouring, mostly in baked goods


piros

hu-adj

piros (comparative pirosabb, superlative legpirosabb)

pirosabb (comparative)
legpirosabb (superlative)
piros (nominative singular)
pirosak (nominative plural)
pirosat (accusative singular)
pirosakat (accusative plural)
pirosnak (dative singular)
pirosaknak (dative plural)
pirossal (instrumental singular)
pirosakkal (instrumental plural)
pirosért (causal-final singular)
pirosakért (causal-final plural)
pirossá (singular translative)
pirosakká (plural translative)
pirosig (singular terminative)
pirosakig (plural terminative)
pirosként (essive-formal singular)
pirosakként (essive-formal plural)
pirosban (inessive singular)
pirosakban (inessive plural)
piroson (singular superessive)
pirosakon (plural superessive)
pirosnál (adessive singular)
pirosaknál (adessive plural)
pirosba (illative singular)
pirosakba (illative plural)
pirosra (singular sublative)
pirosakra (plural sublative)
piroshoz (allative singular)
pirosakhoz (allative plural)
pirosból (elative singular)
pirosakból (elative plural)
pirosról (delative singular)
pirosakról (delative plural)
pirostól (ablative singular)
pirosaktól (ablative plural)
pirosé (singular)
pirosaké (plural)
piroséi (singular)
pirosakéi (plural)

There are two interpretations by two different sources:
# From the same unattested stem as in pirít + -os (adjective-forming suffix).
# From pír (“blush”).

Coordinate term: (darker red) vörös

red (often specifically a lighter red than vörös)


piros

pirosok (plural)
piros (nominative singular)
pirosok (nominative plural)
pirost (accusative singular)
pirosokat (accusative plural)
pirosnak (dative singular)
pirosoknak (dative plural)
pirossal (instrumental singular)
pirosokkal (instrumental plural)
pirosért (causal-final singular)
pirosokért (causal-final plural)
pirossá (singular translative)
pirosokká (plural translative)
pirosig (singular terminative)
pirosokig (plural terminative)
pirosként (essive-formal singular)
pirosokként (essive-formal plural)
pirosban (inessive singular)
pirosokban (inessive plural)
piroson (singular superessive)
pirosokon (plural superessive)
pirosnál (adessive singular)
pirosoknál (adessive plural)
pirosba (illative singular)
pirosokba (illative plural)
pirosra (singular sublative)
pirosokra (plural sublative)
piroshoz (allative singular)
pirosokhoz (allative plural)
pirosból (elative singular)
pirosokból (elative plural)
pirosról (delative singular)
pirosokról (delative plural)
pirostól (ablative singular)
pirosoktól (ablative plural)
pirosé (singular)
pirosoké (plural)
piroséi (singular)
pirosokéi (plural)
pirosom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
pirosaim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
pirosod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
pirosaid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
pirosa (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
pirosai (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
pirosunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
pirosaink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
pirosotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
pirosaitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
pirosuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
pirosaik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

(card games) hearts (a suit in German or Hungarian cards)


красный

ru-noun+

кра́сный • (krásnyj) m anim (genitive кра́сного, nominative plural кра́сные, genitive plural кра́сных, feminine кра́сная)

кра́сный (canonical)
krásnyj (romanization)
кра́сного (genitive)
кра́сные (nominative plural)
кра́сных (genitive plural)
кра́сная (feminine)
кра́сный (nominative singular)
кра́сные (nominative plural)
кра́сного (genitive singular)
кра́сных (genitive plural)
кра́сному (dative singular)
кра́сным (dative plural)
кра́сного (accusative singular)
кра́сных (accusative plural)
кра́сным (instrumental singular)
кра́сными (instrumental plural)
кра́сном (prepositional singular)
кра́сных (plural prepositional)

Ru-красный.ogg

Inherited from Old East Slavic красьнъ (krasĭnŭ), красьнꙑи (krasĭnyi, “beautiful, good”), from Proto-Slavic *krasьnъ (“beautiful”). The sense “red” is unique to Russian and did not develop in other Slavic descendants of *krasьnъ; first attested in 1515 in Muscovite diplomatic correspondence, it serves as the primary sense of the word in the modern Russian language.
For sense development, compare кра́ска (kráska, “paint”), original sense hypothesized to be “blush” or “decoration”, and to кра́сить (krásitʹ, “to color”), original sense “to decorate”. Compare this relation to Turkish al (“red”) which in old times also used to refer to paint in general.
Also compare Votic kauniz.

inh+

(history, politics) a Red; a member of the Red Guard