proof by exhaustion

en-noun

proof by exhaustion (plural proofs by exhaustion)

(logic) The indirect verification or falsification of a statement by the verification or falsification of each of the finite number of cases which arise therefrom.


stakeout

The police had a stakeout in place where they expected the crime to occur.

The act of watching a location or people, generally covertly.


argumentum ad Lazarum

argumentum ad Lazarum (plural argumenta ad Lazarum)

Latin Named after Lazarus, a beggar in the New Testament who receives his reward in the afterlife.

Indeed, the geographical fact that economic wealth and neoliberal globalization are very geographically concentrated, with just a few cities in advanced economies being the preferred locations for the world’s major stock exchanges, for the headquarters of banks and other producer service firms, cannot be wished away through either an argumentum ad lazarum (appeal to poverty) or appreciation for the diversity of urban cultures (eg, see Myers, 2011).

2013, Richard G. Smith, “The ordinary city trap”, in Environment and Planning A, volume 45, page 2290:

(rhetoric, rare) An appeal to poverty; the logical fallacy of thinking a conclusion is correct because the speaker is poor.


two wrongs make a right

(logic, ethics) A logical informal fallacy whereby a wrongful action is justified by the commission of another.


plushophilia

Plushophilia began for him when he was around seven years old, even though he didn't own any stuffed animals

2003, Edward Ksenych, Forbidden Desires: Deviance and Social Control, page 52:

Plushophilia is a modern concept and describes an obsession with stuffed animal toys. For some people, plushophilia also extends to a fascination with large, furry animal suits.

2013, Julie Peakman, The Pleasure's All Mine: A History of Perverse Sex, page 205:

These misconceptions have made their way into academic works with researchers associating Furries with plushophilia: […]

2021, Jessica Ruth Austin, Fan Identities in the Furry Fandom, page 28:

The sexual attraction towards, or paraphilia for large, soft furry toys, or plushies.


ἀπονία

grc-noun

ἀπονῐ́ᾱ • (aponíā) f (genitive ἀπονῐ́ᾱς); first declension

ἀπονῐ́ᾱ (canonical)
aponíā (romanization)
ἀπονῐ́ᾱς (genitive)
ἡ ἀπονῐ́ᾱ (nominative singular)
τὼ ἀπονῐ́ᾱ (dual nominative)
αἱ ἀπονῐ́αι (nominative plural)
τῆς ἀπονῐ́ᾱς (genitive singular)
τοῖν ἀπονῐ́αιν (dual genitive)
τῶν ἀπονῐῶν (genitive plural)
τῇ ἀπονῐ́ᾳ (dative singular)
τοῖν ἀπονῐ́αιν (dative dual)
ταῖς ἀπονῐ́αις (dative plural)
τὴν ἀπονῐ́ᾱν (accusative singular)
τὼ ἀπονῐ́ᾱ (accusative dual)
τᾱ̀ς ἀπονῐ́ᾱς (accusative plural)
ἀπονῐ́ᾱ (singular vocative)
ἀπονῐ́ᾱ (dual vocative)
ἀπονῐ́αι (plural vocative)

Greek: απονιά (aponiá, “heartlessness”)

From ἄπονος (áponos, “without toil, painless”) + -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā).

af

(Epicurean philosophy) freedom from pain


Existenz

Unadapted borrowing from German Existenz. Doublet of existence.

ubor

(philosophy) Existence; state of existing.


morphism

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-morphism.wav

Briefly, the yellow morphic males can change their status from paired to satellite and from satellite to the paired one. However, they cannot cross into the status of the red morph.[…] The colour morphism of males is proved to be irreversible after its expression at an early stage of ontogeny.

2010, T.J. Pandian, Sexuality in Fishes, page 51:

(biology) Being or having distinct variants of a plant or animal species in the same locale; polymorphism.


context-free

(linguistics) (Of a formal language) which can be decided by a pushdown automaton or a context-free grammar (sense 1)

yhteydetön

linguistics, formal language: which can be decided by a pushdown automaton or a context-free grammar


intuitionist

A person who studies intuitionistic mathematics


intuitionistic

Intuitionistic type theory is based on a certain analogy or isomorphism between propositions and types: a proposition is identified with the type of its proofs. This identification is usually called the Curry–Howard isomorphism, which was originally formulated for intuitionistic logic and simply typed lambda calculus. Type Theory extends this identification to predicate logic by introducing dependent types, that is types which contain values. Type Theory internalizes the interpretation of intuitionistic logic proposed by Brouwer, Heyting and Kolmogorov, the so called BHK interpretation. The types of Type Theory play a similar role to sets in set theory but functions definable in Type Theory are always computable.ᵂᴾ

The system, which has come to be known as IZF, or Intuitionistic Zermelo–Fraenkel (ZF refers to ZFC without the axiom of choice), has the usual axioms of extensionality, pairing, union, infinity, separation and power set. The axiom of regularity is stated in the form of an axiom schema of set induction. Also, while Myhill used the axiom schema of replacement in his system, IZF usually stands for the version with collection.ᵂᴾ

proof by contradiction
proof by contradiction

(mathematics, logic) Dealing strictly in constructive proofs, abstaining from proof by contradiction


formal language

en-noun

formal language (plural formal languages)

Holonym: formal system

Meronyms: alphabet, symbol, word

(computing theory) A set of finite strings (called words) made of symbols (from a finite set of symbols, called an alphabet).


surveil

en-verb

surveil (third-person singular simple present surveils, present participle surveiling or surveilling, simple past and past participle surveiled or surveilled)

surveils (present singular third-person)
surveiling (participle present)
surveilling (participle present)
surveiled (participle past)
surveiled (past)
surveilled (participle past)
surveilled (past)

1903. Back-formation from surveillance (but compare also French surveiller and the variant surveille).

The plaintiff also stresses that the store as a whole, and the customer exits especially, were closely surveilled.
Alexandre of London v. Indem. Ins. Co., 182 F. Supp. 748, 750 (United States District Court for the District of Columbia) (1960), cited in Bryan A. Garner. A Dictionary of Modern Legal Usage (2nd ed., 2001) p. 861

(transitive, US) To keep someone or something under surveillance.


intuitionism

en-noun

intuitionism (countable and uncountable, plural intuitionisms)

(mathematics) An approach to mathematics/logic which avoids proof by contradiction, and which requires that, in order to prove that something exists, one must construct it.

ինտուիցիոնիզմ

approach to mathematics which avoids proof by contradiction


historicism

historicism (countable and uncountable, plural historicisms)

Calque of German Historismus, historic + -ism.

(theology) A method of interpretation in Christian eschatology which attempts to associate Biblical prophecies with actual historical events and symbolic beings with historical persons or societies.


homomorphism

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-homomorphism.wav

Coordinate term: homology

(biology) A similar appearance of two unrelated organisms or structures, as for example with fish and whales.


peki

eo-head

peki (present pekas, past pekis, future pekos, conditional pekus, volitive peku)

pekas (present)
pekis (past)
pekos (future)
pekus (conditional)
peku (volitive)
pekas (present)
pekis (past)
pekos (future)
pekanta (active participle present singular)
pekantaj (active participle plural present)
pekinta (active participle past singular)
pekintaj (active participle past plural)
pekonta (active future participle singular)
pekontaj (active future participle plural)
pekantan (accusative active participle present singular)
pekantajn (accusative active participle plural present)
pekintan (accusative active participle past singular)
pekintajn (accusative active participle past plural)
pekontan (accusative active future participle singular)
pekontajn (accusative active future participle plural)
pekanto (active noun-from-verb participle present singular)
pekantoj (active noun-from-verb participle plural present)
pekinto (active noun-from-verb participle past singular)
pekintoj (active noun-from-verb participle past plural)
pekonto (active future noun-from-verb participle singular)
pekontoj (active future noun-from-verb participle plural)
pekanton (accusative active noun-from-verb participle present singular)
pekantojn (accusative active noun-from-verb participle plural present)
pekinton (accusative active noun-from-verb participle past singular)
pekintojn (accusative active noun-from-verb participle past plural)
pekonton (accusative active future noun-from-verb participle singular)
pekontojn (accusative active future noun-from-verb participle plural)
pekante (active adverbial participle present)
pekinte (active adverbial participle past)
pekonte (active adverbial future participle)
peki (infinitive)
peku (imperative)
pekus (conditional)

LL-Q143 (epo)-Robin van der Vliet-peki.wav

Borrowed from Latin peccō. Compare Italian peccare, French pécher, Spanish pecar.


πρόβλημα

grc-noun

πρόβλημᾰ • (próblēma) n (genitive προβλήμᾰτος); third declension

πρόβλημᾰ (canonical)
próblēma (romanization)
προβλήμᾰτος (genitive)
τὸ πρόβλημᾰ (nominative singular)
τὼ προβλήμᾰτε (dual nominative)
τᾰ̀ προβλήμᾰτᾰ (nominative plural)
τοῦ προβλήμᾰτος (genitive singular)
τοῖν προβλημᾰ́τοιν (dual genitive)
τῶν προβλημᾰ́των (genitive plural)
τῷ προβλήμᾰτῐ (dative singular)
τοῖν προβλημᾰ́τοιν (dative dual)
τοῖς προβλήμᾰσῐ (dative plural)
προβλήμᾰσῐν (dative plural)
toîs problḗmasi (dative plural)
toîs problḗmasin (dative plural)
τὸ πρόβλημᾰ (accusative singular)
τὼ προβλήμᾰτε (accusative dual)
τᾰ̀ προβλήμᾰτᾰ (accusative plural)
πρόβλημᾰ (singular vocative)
προβλήμᾰτε (dual vocative)
προβλήμᾰτᾰ (plural vocative)

Greek: πρόβλημα (próvlima)

→ Latin: problēma (see there for further descendants)

From Proto-Hellenic *prógʷlāmə. Equivalent to προβάλλω (probállō, “I throw before”) + -μᾰ (-ma).

suffix

384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Topics 1.4,3

that which is proposed as a task, business

(Aristotelian logic) a question as to whether a statement is so or not


renovation

en-noun

renovation (countable and uncountable, plural renovations)

/ˈɹɛnəveɪʃən/

Borrowed from Latin renovatio, renovationem.


vlam

head

vlam (plural vlamme, diminutive vlammetjie)

From Dutch vlam, from Middle Dutch vlamme, from Old Dutch flamma, from Old French flamme, from Latin flamma.

(informal, metonymically) love interest, partner


vlam

nl-noun

vlam f (plural vlammen, diminutive vlammetje n)

vlammen (plural)
vlammetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: vlam

Negerhollands: vlam

From Middle Dutch vlamme, from Old Dutch flamma, from Old French flamme, from Latin flamma.


Socratici viri

la-noun

Sōcraticī virī m pl (genitive Sōcraticōrum virōrum); second declension

Sōcraticī virī (canonical masculine plural)
Sōcraticōrum virōrum (genitive)
Sōcraticī virī (nominative plural)
Sōcraticōrum virōrum (genitive plural)
Sōcraticīs virīs (dative plural)
Sōcraticōs virōs (accusative plural)
Sōcraticīs virīs (ablative plural)
Sōcraticī virī (plural vocative)

(philosophy) disciples of Socrates; followers of Socrates; Those who owe a lot of their philosophical reasoning and method to Socrates.

(philosophy) Those in the Socratic dialogues and especially Plato.


애

Korean reading of various Chinese characters.

거리낄 거리끼다#Korean

낭떠러지 낭떠러지#Korean

아지랑이 아지랑이#Korean

희미할 희미하다#Korean

More information(eumhun reading: 사랑 애 (sarang ae))
(MC reading: 愛 (MC 'ojH))(eumhun reading: 물가 애 (mulga ae))
(MC reading: 涯 (MC ngje|ngea))(eumhun reading: 슬플 애 (seulpeul ae))
(MC reading: 哀 (MC 'oj))(eumhun reading: 거리낄 애 (georikkil ae))
(MC reading: 碍)(eumhun reading: 낭떠러지 애 (nangtteoreoji ae))
(MC reading: 崖 (MC ngje|ngea))(eumhun reading: 좁을 애 (jobeul ae))
(MC reading: 隘 (MC 'eaH))(eumhun reading: 티끌 애 (tikkeul ae))
(MC reading: 埃 (MC 'oj))(eumhun reading: 쑥 애 (ssuk ae))
(MC reading: 艾 (MC ngajH|ngjojH))(eumhun reading: 언덕 애 (eondeok ae))
(MC reading: 厓 (MC ngea))(eumhun reading: 아지랑이 애 (ajirang'i ae))
(MC reading: 靄 (MC 'ajH|'at))(eumhun reading: 희미할 애 (huimihal ae))
(MC reading: 曖 (MC 'ajH|'ojH))

거리낄 거리끼다#Korean

낭떠러지 낭떠러지#Korean

아지랑이 아지랑이#Korean

희미할 희미하다#Korean

거리낄 거리끼다#Korean

낭떠러지 낭떠러지#Korean

아지랑이 아지랑이#Korean

희미할 희미하다#Korean

거리낄 거리끼다#Korean

낭떠러지 낭떠러지#Korean

아지랑이 아지랑이#Korean

희미할 희미하다#Korean

거리낄 거리끼다#Korean

낭떠러지 낭떠러지#Korean

아지랑이 아지랑이#Korean

희미할 희미하다#Korean

거리낄 거리끼다#Korean

낭떠러지 낭떠러지#Korean

아지랑이 아지랑이#Korean

희미할 희미하다#Korean

거리낄 거리끼다#Korean

낭떠러지 낭떠러지#Korean

아지랑이 아지랑이#Korean

희미할 희미하다#Korean

거리낄 거리끼다#Korean

낭떠러지 낭떠러지#Korean

아지랑이 아지랑이#Korean

희미할 희미하다#Korean

거리낄 거리끼다#Korean

낭떠러지 낭떠러지#Korean

아지랑이 아지랑이#Korean

희미할 희미하다#Korean

거리낄 거리끼다#Korean

낭떠러지 낭떠러지#Korean

아지랑이 아지랑이#Korean

희미할 희미하다#Korean

거리낄 거리끼다#Korean

낭떠러지 낭떠러지#Korean

아지랑이 아지랑이#Korean

희미할 희미하다#Korean


pan

When she publicly acknowledged that she is pan, it educated citizens near and far on what that sexuality meant and the importance of being proud of who you are.

2012 December 28, Anna Waugh, “Texas got a pansexual legislator”, in Dallas Voice, volume 29, number 33, page 9:

Another anonymous pansexual disclosed, "Sometimes I feel really left out because I'm pan. […] "

2013, Alejandra Rodriguez, "Isn't That Bisexual?", Outwrite, Fall 2013, page 7

A similar experience is shared by individuals who identify their sexuality as pan, bi or queer.

2013, Megan Hertner, "Understanding Gender and Sexuality", Grapevine (Huron University College), December 2013, page 19


ZFC

Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory with Choice
w:Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory

(set theory) Initialism of Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory with Choice; the standard axiomatization of set theory, including the axiom of choice.


universal property

en-noun

universal property (plural universal properties)

(mathematics) The property of there being a unique morphism from an arbitrary object to the universal morphism of a comma category which is from a functor to a fixed object; or, dually, the property of there being a unique morphism from the universal morphism to an arbitrary object of a comma category which is from a fixed object to a functor. (Caveat: the uniqueness is up to isomorphism.)


San Valentino

Saint Valentine's Day
Saint Valentine's Day

Saint Valentine's Day (a holiday in remembrance of Saint Valentine, February 14th, celebrated by sending cards or similar tokens of love)


axiom of choice

axiom of choice (countable and uncountable, plural axioms of choice)

A calque of German Axiom der Auswahl (now more commonly Auswahlaxiom), which first appeared in print with a description of the axiom in 1908, Ernst Zermelo, Untersuchungen über die Grundlagen der Mengenlehre I ["Investigations in the foundations of set theory I"], Mathematische Annalen, 65 (although the paper was dated 1907).

The axiom of choice is logically equivalent to the assertion that every vector space has a basis.

If V = L then the axioms of choice and the continuum hypothesis are both true, and the assertion that a measurable cardinal exists is false.

1993, Thomas Tymoczko, editor, Penelope Maddy: Does V Equal L?: New Directions in the Philosophy of Mathematics: An Anthology, page 357:

Throughout this work we adopt the Zermelo–Fraenkel (ZF) axioms of set theory with the Axiom of Choice, commonly abbreviated as ZFC. It follows from the work of Gödel and Cohen that if the ZF axioms are consistent, the Axiom of Choice can be neither proved nor disproved from the ZF axioms.

1993, Gary L. Wise, Eric B. Hall, Counterexamples in Probability and Real Analysis, page vii:

To clarify these ideas for the reader, let us show, without the axiom of choice, that a product of finitely many nonempty sets is nonempty: This is done by induction on the number n of sets.[…]The finite axiom of choice is not an axiom, but rather a theorem that can be proved from the other axioms. In contrast, there are weak forms of the axiom of choice that are not provable.

2000, Bruno Poizat, translated by Moses Klein, A Course in Model Theory: An Introduction to Contemporary Mathematical Logic, page 169:

Perhaps what this debate about whether to accept the axiom of choice indicates is that the disjunction between regularity and randomness is as fundamental to our conception of the world as that between discreteness and continuity.

2004, Michael Potter, Set Theory and its Philosophy: A Critical Introduction, page 259:

There is a uniform status quo almost with just a few exceptions of a handful of mathematicians around the world. Most people accept the “infinite choice, infinite decimals” approach to real numbers, and the justification that has been created to substantiate this, and to overcome some of the difficulties that I have shown you is through an elaborate axiomatic framework. Mathematicians are not stupid! They realize that this theory is dubious, and so what they have done is they have created a rather elaborate axiomatic framework. And that axiomatic framework is something that we can study in set theory and logic; and its purported aim is to create a framework for mathematics; but its initial aims were very much directed towards solving the problems, overcoming the difficulties with real numbers as infinite decimals. Prominent amongst these axioms is this Axiom of Choice! The Axiom of Choice manifests itself in mathematics in many ways; but its primary role — OK — its primary role is exactly here at the level of infinite decimals and real numbers. It essentially asserts, as a matter of faith or belief, that it is possible to choose an infinite number of digits arbitrarily and independently, and that a legitimate mathematical object results. This is the key philosophical point. Are we, or are we not, in a position to be able to specify a first digit, a second digit, a third digit, a fourth digit, and so on to infinity? And are we allowed to call that specification a new mathematical object, a real number? The Axiom of Choice says that “Yes we are!”, so it is a statement of belief and its primary objective is to allow the building of this real number system.

2012, 47:31 – 49:50 from the start, in Difficulties with real numbers as infinite decimals (I) Real numbers + limits Math Foundations 91, episode 91, njwildberger (N. J. Wildberger), via YouTube:

(set theory) One of the axioms of set theory, equivalent to the statement that an arbitrary direct product of non-empty sets is non-empty; any version of said axiom, for example specifying the cardinality of the number of sets from which choices are made.

ընտրության աքսիոմ

axiom that any product of non-empty sets is non-empty


saving grace

saving grace (countable and uncountable, plural saving graces)

(theology) God's grace or blessing, enabling sinners to attain salvation.


sinology

From sino- (“China”) + -logy (“study of”).

People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China

(Cold War, politics, espionage) The study of the internal politics of the high members of the government of the People's Republic of China.


suppositum

From the past participle of Latin supponere (“to suppose”).

The answer may be that these relation-ships are generated in every possible world, given any suppositum of a certain least complexity.

1977, David Joel, Weissman - Eternal Possibilities: A Neutral Ground for Meaning and Existence:

(logic) Something supposed to be true; an assumption


apatia

Borrowed from Latin apathīa, from Ancient Greek ἀπάθεια (apátheia), from ἀπαθής (apathḗs, “without feeling or suffering”).

(philosophy) apatheia (freedom from emotional disturbance, in Stoic philosophy)


形而上学

ja-noun

形(けい)而(じ)上(じょう)学(がく) • (keijijōgaku) ^(←けいじじやうがく (keizizyaugaku)?)

形而上学 (canonical)
keijijōgaku (romanization)
keizizyaugaku (romanization)
けいじじやうがく (hiragana historical)

[ke̞ːʑiʑo̞ːɡa̠kɯ̟]

From 形(けい)而(じ)上(じょう) (keijijō, “metaphysical”) + 学(がく) (-gaku, “-logy; -graphy”).
Coined by Japanese philosopher Inoue Tetsujirō in 1881 in his work 哲学字彙 (Tetsugaku Jii, “Dictionary of Philosophy”) as a translation of English metaphysics, based on the phrase 形而上者謂之道，形而下者謂之器 in the Book of Changes (《易經》).

lw

Book of Changes
Kōjien
Shinmura Izuru
University of Tokyo
ja:形而上学


love letter

Dr Martin says the address the package has been sent to will likely get a "love letter" in the post from Customs.

2016 August 2, Nick Jarvis, “What Happens if You're Caught Getting Drugs in the Mail?”, in Vice:

(US, slang) A notice from the U.S. Customs and Border Protection informing about the seizure of a personal shipment as contraband.


abstract nonsense

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-abstract nonsense.wav

Coined by Norman Steenrod, popularized by Serge Lang.

³Lang’s Algebra [Lan02, p. 759] supports the general consensus that this was not intended as an epithet:
 In the forties and fifties (mostly in the works of Cartan, Eilenberg, MacLane, and Steenrod, see [CE56]), it was realized that there was a systematic way of developing certain relations of linear algebra, depending only on fairly general constructions which were mostly arrow-theoretic, and were affectionately called abstract nonsense by Steenrod.

2016, Emily Riehl, Category Theory in Context (Aurora: Dover modern math originals), New York: Dover, →ISBN, →OCLC, page x:

(mathematics, humorous) Details which involve diagram chasing.


triple agent

There are also triple agents—people who do what the doubles have done, but change their minds and, under our control, pass phoney intelligence back to the Russians. Do you understand? It’s nothing but a complicated game, really.

1980 [1962], Ian Fleming, chapter 11, in The Spy Who Loved Me, →ISBN, page 150:

A spy who pretends to be a double agent for one side, while actually acting as a double agent for the other side.


kingdom come

en-noun

kingdom come (countable and uncountable, plural kingdoms come or kingdom comes)

kingdoms come (plural)
kingdom comes (plural)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-kingdom come.wav

From the phrase “Thy kingdom come” from the Lord’s Prayer which is recorded in Matthew 6:9–13 and Luke 11:2–4 in the Bible: see, for example, Matthew 6:10 in the King James Version (spelling modernized): “Thy kingdom come. Thy will be done, in earth, as it is in heaven.” By these sentences, Jesus seeks the establishment of the rule of God the Father over the Earth in the future.

оня свят

place that one will go to after one's death — see also afterlife

(uncountable, colloquial) The place that one will go to after one's death; the afterlife.

(figuratively) Death; also, a state of complete annihilation.

"And where are all these brothers and sisters?" demanded the stranger. / "Dead! dead as herrings—gone to kingdom come a precious long time ago.["]

1843, Alfred Crowquill [pseudonym; Alfred Henry Forrester], “The ‘Plummy’”, in Bentley’s Miscellany, volume XIII, London: Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC, part I, page 624:

(Christianity, specifically) Heaven or paradise.

(uncountable, Christianity) The rule of God over the world in the future; especially, according to those believing in millenarianism, during a period of peace beginning with the second coming of Jesus Christ and lasting a millennium.


legenda

legendowy (adjective)
legenda (nominative singular)
legendy (nominative plural)
legendy (genitive singular)
legend (genitive plural)
legendzie (dative singular)
legendom (dative plural)
legendę (accusative singular)
legendy (accusative plural)
legendą (instrumental singular)
legendami (instrumental plural)
legendzie (locative singular)
legendach (locative plural)
legendo (singular vocative)
legendy (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English legend, French légende, German Legende, ultimately from Medieval Latin legenda.

(espionage, slang) legend (fabricated backstory for a spy, with associated documents and records)


ontologia

Internationalism, ultimately from New Latin ontologia, from Ancient Greek ὄντος (óntos) + λόγος (lógos). By surface analysis, onto- + -logia.


ontologia

ontologia (nominative singular)
ontologii (genitive singular)
ontologii (dative singular)
ontologię (accusative singular)
ontologią (instrumental singular)
ontologii (locative singular)
ontologio (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English ontology, French ontologie, German Ontologie, ultimately from New Latin ontologia, from Ancient Greek ὄντος (óntos) + λόγος (lógos). By surface analysis, onto- + -logia.

(philosophy) ontology (branch of metaphysics that addresses the nature or essential characteristics of being and of things that exist)


ontologia

From onto- + -logia, or else a loan, French ontologie.


anthropic principle

anthropic principle (plural anthropic principles)

The Anthropic Principle states that the universe seems to be arranged in a way that favours the appearance and survival of life.

1994, Anthony Weir, Dispatches from the War Against the World:

A remarkably delicate balance between the small scale phenomena of atomic and nuclear physics and the large scale phenomena of astronomy and cosmology is required for the Universe to be hospitable to chemically based life. Efforts to prove that this must be so are sometimes dignified by the name "anthropic principle."

1997 Virginia Trimble - Cosmology: Where in the $&#** - Beam Line: Fall 1997

Sheldon: The anthropic principle states that if we wish to explain why our universe exists the way it does, the answer is that it must have qualities that allow intelligent creatures to arise who are capable of asking the question, as I am doing so eloquently right now.
Leonard: I know what the anthropic principle is.
Sheldon: Of course, I just explained it to you. Now, where do you stand on it?
Leonard: Where do you stand on it?
Sheldon: Strongly pro.
Leonard: Then I believe that God created the world in six days, and on the seventh he made you to annoy me.

2012 September 27, “The Date Night Variable”, in The Big Bang Theory, season 6, episode 1, spoken by Sheldon Cooper and Leonard Hofstadter:

fundamental constant
fundamental constant

Any of several similar explanations for the nature of the universe, and for the values of its fundamental constants, that states either that the universe is as it is because otherwise we wouldn't be here to observe it, or that the very presence of intelligent life constrains the universe to be as it is.

antrooppinen periaate

explanation for the nature of the universe


konjunktio

konjunktio (nominative singular)
konjunktiot (nominative plural)
konjunktio (accusative nominative singular)
konjunktiot (accusative nominative plural)
konjunktion (accusative genitive singular)
konjunktiot (accusative genitive plural)
konjunktion (genitive singular)
konjunktioiden (genitive plural)
konjunktioitten (genitive plural)
konjunktiota (partitive singular)
konjunktioita (partitive plural)
konjunktiossa (inessive singular)
konjunktioissa (inessive plural)
konjunktiosta (elative singular)
konjunktioista (elative plural)
konjunktioon (illative singular)
konjunktioihin (illative plural)
konjunktiolla (adessive singular)
konjunktioilla (adessive plural)
konjunktiolta (ablative singular)
konjunktioilta (ablative plural)
konjunktiolle (allative singular)
konjunktioille (allative plural)
konjunktiona (essive singular)
konjunktioina (essive plural)
konjunktioksi (singular translative)
konjunktioiksi (plural translative)
konjunktiotta (abessive singular)
konjunktioitta (abessive plural)
konjunktioin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
konjunktioni (nominative singular)
konjunktioni (nominative plural)
konjunktioni (accusative nominative singular)
konjunktioni (accusative nominative plural)
konjunktioni (accusative genitive singular)
konjunktioni (accusative genitive plural)
konjunktioni (genitive singular)
konjunktioideni (genitive plural)
konjunktioitteni (genitive plural)
konjunktiotani (partitive singular)
konjunktioitani (partitive plural)
konjunktiossani (inessive singular)
konjunktioissani (inessive plural)
konjunktiostani (elative singular)
konjunktioistani (elative plural)
konjunktiooni (illative singular)
konjunktioihini (illative plural)
konjunktiollani (adessive singular)
konjunktioillani (adessive plural)
konjunktioltani (ablative singular)
konjunktioiltani (ablative plural)
konjunktiolleni (allative singular)
konjunktioilleni (allative plural)
konjunktionani (essive singular)
konjunktioinani (essive plural)
konjunktiokseni (singular translative)
konjunktioikseni (plural translative)
konjunktiottani (abessive singular)
konjunktioittani (abessive plural)
konjunktioineni (comitative plural)
konjunktiosi (nominative singular)
konjunktiosi (nominative plural)
konjunktiosi (accusative nominative singular)
konjunktiosi (accusative nominative plural)
konjunktiosi (accusative genitive singular)
konjunktiosi (accusative genitive plural)
konjunktiosi (genitive singular)
konjunktioidesi (genitive plural)
konjunktioittesi (genitive plural)
konjunktiotasi (partitive singular)
konjunktioitasi (partitive plural)
konjunktiossasi (inessive singular)
konjunktioissasi (inessive plural)
konjunktiostasi (elative singular)
konjunktioistasi (elative plural)
konjunktioosi (illative singular)
konjunktioihisi (illative plural)
konjunktiollasi (adessive singular)
konjunktioillasi (adessive plural)
konjunktioltasi (ablative singular)
konjunktioiltasi (ablative plural)
konjunktiollesi (allative singular)
konjunktioillesi (allative plural)
konjunktionasi (essive singular)
konjunktioinasi (essive plural)
konjunktioksesi (singular translative)
konjunktioiksesi (plural translative)
konjunktiottasi (abessive singular)
konjunktioittasi (abessive plural)
konjunktioinesi (comitative plural)
konjunktiomme (nominative singular)
konjunktiomme (nominative plural)
konjunktiomme (accusative nominative singular)
konjunktiomme (accusative nominative plural)
konjunktiomme (accusative genitive singular)
konjunktiomme (accusative genitive plural)
konjunktiomme (genitive singular)
konjunktioidemme (genitive plural)
konjunktioittemme (genitive plural)
konjunktiotamme (partitive singular)
konjunktioitamme (partitive plural)
konjunktiossamme (inessive singular)
konjunktioissamme (inessive plural)
konjunktiostamme (elative singular)
konjunktioistamme (elative plural)
konjunktioomme (illative singular)
konjunktioihimme (illative plural)
konjunktiollamme (adessive singular)
konjunktioillamme (adessive plural)
konjunktioltamme (ablative singular)
konjunktioiltamme (ablative plural)
konjunktiollemme (allative singular)
konjunktioillemme (allative plural)
konjunktionamme (essive singular)
konjunktioinamme (essive plural)
konjunktioksemme (singular translative)
konjunktioiksemme (plural translative)
konjunktiottamme (abessive singular)
konjunktioittamme (abessive plural)
konjunktioinemme (comitative plural)
konjunktionne (nominative singular)
konjunktionne (nominative plural)
konjunktionne (accusative nominative singular)
konjunktionne (accusative nominative plural)
konjunktionne (accusative genitive singular)
konjunktionne (accusative genitive plural)
konjunktionne (genitive singular)
konjunktioidenne (genitive plural)
konjunktioittenne (genitive plural)
konjunktiotanne (partitive singular)
konjunktioitanne (partitive plural)
konjunktiossanne (inessive singular)
konjunktioissanne (inessive plural)
konjunktiostanne (elative singular)
konjunktioistanne (elative plural)
konjunktioonne (illative singular)
konjunktioihinne (illative plural)
konjunktiollanne (adessive singular)
konjunktioillanne (adessive plural)
konjunktioltanne (ablative singular)
konjunktioiltanne (ablative plural)
konjunktiollenne (allative singular)
konjunktioillenne (allative plural)
konjunktionanne (essive singular)
konjunktioinanne (essive plural)
konjunktioksenne (singular translative)
konjunktioiksenne (plural translative)
konjunktiottanne (abessive singular)
konjunktioittanne (abessive plural)
konjunktioinenne (comitative plural)
konjunktionsa (nominative singular)
konjunktionsa (nominative plural)
konjunktionsa (accusative nominative singular)
konjunktionsa (accusative nominative plural)
konjunktionsa (accusative genitive singular)
konjunktionsa (accusative genitive plural)
konjunktionsa (genitive singular)
konjunktioidensa (genitive plural)
konjunktioittensa (genitive plural)
konjunktiotaan (partitive singular)
konjunktiotansa (partitive singular)
konjunktioitaan (partitive plural)
konjunktioitansa (partitive plural)
konjunktiossaan (inessive singular)
konjunktiossansa (inessive singular)
konjunktioissaan (inessive plural)
konjunktioissansa (inessive plural)
konjunktiostaan (elative singular)
konjunktiostansa (elative singular)
konjunktioistaan (elative plural)
konjunktioistansa (elative plural)
konjunktioonsa (illative singular)
konjunktioihinsa (illative plural)
konjunktiollaan (adessive singular)
konjunktiollansa (adessive singular)
konjunktioillaan (adessive plural)
konjunktioillansa (adessive plural)
konjunktioltaan (ablative singular)
konjunktioltansa (ablative singular)
konjunktioiltaan (ablative plural)
konjunktioiltansa (ablative plural)
konjunktiolleen (allative singular)
konjunktiollensa (allative singular)
konjunktioilleen (allative plural)
konjunktioillensa (allative plural)
konjunktionaan (essive singular)
konjunktionansa (essive singular)
konjunktioinaan (essive plural)
konjunktioinansa (essive plural)
konjunktiokseen (singular translative)
konjunktioksensa (singular translative)
konjunktioikseen (plural translative)
konjunktioiksensa (plural translative)
konjunktiottaan (abessive singular)
konjunktiottansa (abessive singular)
konjunktioittaan (abessive plural)
konjunktioittansa (abessive plural)
konjunktioineen (comitative plural)
konjunktioinensa (comitative plural)

Internationalism (see English conjunction), ultimately from Latin coniūnctiō.


angoisse

Inherited from Old French angoisse, from Latin angustia.


philosophizer

A philosopher, a person who writes or reasons in philosophy.


quodlibet

From Latin quod libet (“that which is pleasing”).

(philosophy) A mode of philosophical debate popular in the Middle Ages, in which any question could be posed extemporaneously.


quodlibet

Unadapted borrowing from Medieval Latin quodlibet, from Latin quod libet (literally “that which is pleasing”).


negaatio

negaatio (nominative singular)
negaatiot (nominative plural)
negaatio (accusative nominative singular)
negaatiot (accusative nominative plural)
negaation (accusative genitive singular)
negaatiot (accusative genitive plural)
negaation (genitive singular)
negaatioiden (genitive plural)
negaatioitten (genitive plural)
negaatiota (partitive singular)
negaatioita (partitive plural)
negaatiossa (inessive singular)
negaatioissa (inessive plural)
negaatiosta (elative singular)
negaatioista (elative plural)
negaatioon (illative singular)
negaatioihin (illative plural)
negaatiolla (adessive singular)
negaatioilla (adessive plural)
negaatiolta (ablative singular)
negaatioilta (ablative plural)
negaatiolle (allative singular)
negaatioille (allative plural)
negaationa (essive singular)
negaatioina (essive plural)
negaatioksi (singular translative)
negaatioiksi (plural translative)
negaatiotta (abessive singular)
negaatioitta (abessive plural)
negaatioin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
negaationi (nominative singular)
negaationi (nominative plural)
negaationi (accusative nominative singular)
negaationi (accusative nominative plural)
negaationi (accusative genitive singular)
negaationi (accusative genitive plural)
negaationi (genitive singular)
negaatioideni (genitive plural)
negaatioitteni (genitive plural)
negaatiotani (partitive singular)
negaatioitani (partitive plural)
negaatiossani (inessive singular)
negaatioissani (inessive plural)
negaatiostani (elative singular)
negaatioistani (elative plural)
negaatiooni (illative singular)
negaatioihini (illative plural)
negaatiollani (adessive singular)
negaatioillani (adessive plural)
negaatioltani (ablative singular)
negaatioiltani (ablative plural)
negaatiolleni (allative singular)
negaatioilleni (allative plural)
negaationani (essive singular)
negaatioinani (essive plural)
negaatiokseni (singular translative)
negaatioikseni (plural translative)
negaatiottani (abessive singular)
negaatioittani (abessive plural)
negaatioineni (comitative plural)
negaatiosi (nominative singular)
negaatiosi (nominative plural)
negaatiosi (accusative nominative singular)
negaatiosi (accusative nominative plural)
negaatiosi (accusative genitive singular)
negaatiosi (accusative genitive plural)
negaatiosi (genitive singular)
negaatioidesi (genitive plural)
negaatioittesi (genitive plural)
negaatiotasi (partitive singular)
negaatioitasi (partitive plural)
negaatiossasi (inessive singular)
negaatioissasi (inessive plural)
negaatiostasi (elative singular)
negaatioistasi (elative plural)
negaatioosi (illative singular)
negaatioihisi (illative plural)
negaatiollasi (adessive singular)
negaatioillasi (adessive plural)
negaatioltasi (ablative singular)
negaatioiltasi (ablative plural)
negaatiollesi (allative singular)
negaatioillesi (allative plural)
negaationasi (essive singular)
negaatioinasi (essive plural)
negaatioksesi (singular translative)
negaatioiksesi (plural translative)
negaatiottasi (abessive singular)
negaatioittasi (abessive plural)
negaatioinesi (comitative plural)
negaatiomme (nominative singular)
negaatiomme (nominative plural)
negaatiomme (accusative nominative singular)
negaatiomme (accusative nominative plural)
negaatiomme (accusative genitive singular)
negaatiomme (accusative genitive plural)
negaatiomme (genitive singular)
negaatioidemme (genitive plural)
negaatioittemme (genitive plural)
negaatiotamme (partitive singular)
negaatioitamme (partitive plural)
negaatiossamme (inessive singular)
negaatioissamme (inessive plural)
negaatiostamme (elative singular)
negaatioistamme (elative plural)
negaatioomme (illative singular)
negaatioihimme (illative plural)
negaatiollamme (adessive singular)
negaatioillamme (adessive plural)
negaatioltamme (ablative singular)
negaatioiltamme (ablative plural)
negaatiollemme (allative singular)
negaatioillemme (allative plural)
negaationamme (essive singular)
negaatioinamme (essive plural)
negaatioksemme (singular translative)
negaatioiksemme (plural translative)
negaatiottamme (abessive singular)
negaatioittamme (abessive plural)
negaatioinemme (comitative plural)
negaationne (nominative singular)
negaationne (nominative plural)
negaationne (accusative nominative singular)
negaationne (accusative nominative plural)
negaationne (accusative genitive singular)
negaationne (accusative genitive plural)
negaationne (genitive singular)
negaatioidenne (genitive plural)
negaatioittenne (genitive plural)
negaatiotanne (partitive singular)
negaatioitanne (partitive plural)
negaatiossanne (inessive singular)
negaatioissanne (inessive plural)
negaatiostanne (elative singular)
negaatioistanne (elative plural)
negaatioonne (illative singular)
negaatioihinne (illative plural)
negaatiollanne (adessive singular)
negaatioillanne (adessive plural)
negaatioltanne (ablative singular)
negaatioiltanne (ablative plural)
negaatiollenne (allative singular)
negaatioillenne (allative plural)
negaationanne (essive singular)
negaatioinanne (essive plural)
negaatioksenne (singular translative)
negaatioiksenne (plural translative)
negaatiottanne (abessive singular)
negaatioittanne (abessive plural)
negaatioinenne (comitative plural)
negaationsa (nominative singular)
negaationsa (nominative plural)
negaationsa (accusative nominative singular)
negaationsa (accusative nominative plural)
negaationsa (accusative genitive singular)
negaationsa (accusative genitive plural)
negaationsa (genitive singular)
negaatioidensa (genitive plural)
negaatioittensa (genitive plural)
negaatiotaan (partitive singular)
negaatiotansa (partitive singular)
negaatioitaan (partitive plural)
negaatioitansa (partitive plural)
negaatiossaan (inessive singular)
negaatiossansa (inessive singular)
negaatioissaan (inessive plural)
negaatioissansa (inessive plural)
negaatiostaan (elative singular)
negaatiostansa (elative singular)
negaatioistaan (elative plural)
negaatioistansa (elative plural)
negaatioonsa (illative singular)
negaatioihinsa (illative plural)
negaatiollaan (adessive singular)
negaatiollansa (adessive singular)
negaatioillaan (adessive plural)
negaatioillansa (adessive plural)
negaatioltaan (ablative singular)
negaatioltansa (ablative singular)
negaatioiltaan (ablative plural)
negaatioiltansa (ablative plural)
negaatiolleen (allative singular)
negaatiollensa (allative singular)
negaatioilleen (allative plural)
negaatioillensa (allative plural)
negaationaan (essive singular)
negaationansa (essive singular)
negaatioinaan (essive plural)
negaatioinansa (essive plural)
negaatiokseen (singular translative)
negaatioksensa (singular translative)
negaatioikseen (plural translative)
negaatioiksensa (plural translative)
negaatiottaan (abessive singular)
negaatiottansa (abessive singular)
negaatioittaan (abessive plural)
negaatioittansa (abessive plural)
negaatioineen (comitative plural)
negaatioinensa (comitative plural)

[ˈne̞ɡɑ̝ːˌt̪io̞]

Internationalism (see English negation), ultimately from Latin negātiō.


predikaatti

predikaatti (nominative singular)
predikaatit (nominative plural)
predikaatti (accusative nominative singular)
predikaatit (accusative nominative plural)
predikaatin (accusative genitive singular)
predikaatit (accusative genitive plural)
predikaatin (genitive singular)
predikaattien (genitive plural)
predikaattia (partitive singular)
predikaatteja (partitive plural)
predikaatissa (inessive singular)
predikaateissa (inessive plural)
predikaatista (elative singular)
predikaateista (elative plural)
predikaattiin (illative singular)
predikaatteihin (illative plural)
predikaatilla (adessive singular)
predikaateilla (adessive plural)
predikaatilta (ablative singular)
predikaateilta (ablative plural)
predikaatille (allative singular)
predikaateille (allative plural)
predikaattina (essive singular)
predikaatteina (essive plural)
predikaatiksi (singular translative)
predikaateiksi (plural translative)
predikaatitta (abessive singular)
predikaateitta (abessive plural)
predikaatein (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
predikaattini (nominative singular)
predikaattini (nominative plural)
predikaattini (accusative nominative singular)
predikaattini (accusative nominative plural)
predikaattini (accusative genitive singular)
predikaattini (accusative genitive plural)
predikaattini (genitive singular)
predikaattieni (genitive plural)
predikaattiani (partitive singular)
predikaattejani (partitive plural)
predikaatissani (inessive singular)
predikaateissani (inessive plural)
predikaatistani (elative singular)
predikaateistani (elative plural)
predikaattiini (illative singular)
predikaatteihini (illative plural)
predikaatillani (adessive singular)
predikaateillani (adessive plural)
predikaatiltani (ablative singular)
predikaateiltani (ablative plural)
predikaatilleni (allative singular)
predikaateilleni (allative plural)
predikaattinani (essive singular)
predikaatteinani (essive plural)
predikaatikseni (singular translative)
predikaateikseni (plural translative)
predikaatittani (abessive singular)
predikaateittani (abessive plural)
predikaatteineni (comitative plural)
predikaattisi (nominative singular)
predikaattisi (nominative plural)
predikaattisi (accusative nominative singular)
predikaattisi (accusative nominative plural)
predikaattisi (accusative genitive singular)
predikaattisi (accusative genitive plural)
predikaattisi (genitive singular)
predikaattiesi (genitive plural)
predikaattiasi (partitive singular)
predikaattejasi (partitive plural)
predikaatissasi (inessive singular)
predikaateissasi (inessive plural)
predikaatistasi (elative singular)
predikaateistasi (elative plural)
predikaattiisi (illative singular)
predikaatteihisi (illative plural)
predikaatillasi (adessive singular)
predikaateillasi (adessive plural)
predikaatiltasi (ablative singular)
predikaateiltasi (ablative plural)
predikaatillesi (allative singular)
predikaateillesi (allative plural)
predikaattinasi (essive singular)
predikaatteinasi (essive plural)
predikaatiksesi (singular translative)
predikaateiksesi (plural translative)
predikaatittasi (abessive singular)
predikaateittasi (abessive plural)
predikaatteinesi (comitative plural)
predikaattimme (nominative singular)
predikaattimme (nominative plural)
predikaattimme (accusative nominative singular)
predikaattimme (accusative nominative plural)
predikaattimme (accusative genitive singular)
predikaattimme (accusative genitive plural)
predikaattimme (genitive singular)
predikaattiemme (genitive plural)
predikaattiamme (partitive singular)
predikaattejamme (partitive plural)
predikaatissamme (inessive singular)
predikaateissamme (inessive plural)
predikaatistamme (elative singular)
predikaateistamme (elative plural)
predikaattiimme (illative singular)
predikaatteihimme (illative plural)
predikaatillamme (adessive singular)
predikaateillamme (adessive plural)
predikaatiltamme (ablative singular)
predikaateiltamme (ablative plural)
predikaatillemme (allative singular)
predikaateillemme (allative plural)
predikaattinamme (essive singular)
predikaatteinamme (essive plural)
predikaatiksemme (singular translative)
predikaateiksemme (plural translative)
predikaatittamme (abessive singular)
predikaateittamme (abessive plural)
predikaatteinemme (comitative plural)
predikaattinne (nominative singular)
predikaattinne (nominative plural)
predikaattinne (accusative nominative singular)
predikaattinne (accusative nominative plural)
predikaattinne (accusative genitive singular)
predikaattinne (accusative genitive plural)
predikaattinne (genitive singular)
predikaattienne (genitive plural)
predikaattianne (partitive singular)
predikaattejanne (partitive plural)
predikaatissanne (inessive singular)
predikaateissanne (inessive plural)
predikaatistanne (elative singular)
predikaateistanne (elative plural)
predikaattiinne (illative singular)
predikaatteihinne (illative plural)
predikaatillanne (adessive singular)
predikaateillanne (adessive plural)
predikaatiltanne (ablative singular)
predikaateiltanne (ablative plural)
predikaatillenne (allative singular)
predikaateillenne (allative plural)
predikaattinanne (essive singular)
predikaatteinanne (essive plural)
predikaatiksenne (singular translative)
predikaateiksenne (plural translative)
predikaatittanne (abessive singular)
predikaateittanne (abessive plural)
predikaatteinenne (comitative plural)
predikaattinsa (nominative singular)
predikaattinsa (nominative plural)
predikaattinsa (accusative nominative singular)
predikaattinsa (accusative nominative plural)
predikaattinsa (accusative genitive singular)
predikaattinsa (accusative genitive plural)
predikaattinsa (genitive singular)
predikaattiensa (genitive plural)
predikaattiaan (partitive singular)
predikaattiansa (partitive singular)
predikaattejaan (partitive plural)
predikaattejansa (partitive plural)
predikaatissaan (inessive singular)
predikaatissansa (inessive singular)
predikaateissaan (inessive plural)
predikaateissansa (inessive plural)
predikaatistaan (elative singular)
predikaatistansa (elative singular)
predikaateistaan (elative plural)
predikaateistansa (elative plural)
predikaattiinsa (illative singular)
predikaatteihinsa (illative plural)
predikaatillaan (adessive singular)
predikaatillansa (adessive singular)
predikaateillaan (adessive plural)
predikaateillansa (adessive plural)
predikaatiltaan (ablative singular)
predikaatiltansa (ablative singular)
predikaateiltaan (ablative plural)
predikaateiltansa (ablative plural)
predikaatilleen (allative singular)
predikaatillensa (allative singular)
predikaateilleen (allative plural)
predikaateillensa (allative plural)
predikaattinaan (essive singular)
predikaattinansa (essive singular)
predikaatteinaan (essive plural)
predikaatteinansa (essive plural)
predikaatikseen (singular translative)
predikaatiksensa (singular translative)
predikaateikseen (plural translative)
predikaateiksensa (plural translative)
predikaatittaan (abessive singular)
predikaatittansa (abessive singular)
predikaateittaan (abessive plural)
predikaateittansa (abessive plural)
predikaatteineen (comitative plural)
predikaatteinensa (comitative plural)

Internationalism (see English predicate), ultimately from Late Latin praedicātum.


nekrofilia

nekrofilia (nominative singular)
nekrofilii (genitive singular)
nekrofilii (dative singular)
nekrofilię (accusative singular)
nekrofilią (instrumental singular)
nekrofilii (locative singular)
nekrofilio (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English necrophilia, French nécrophilie, German Nekrophilie. By surface analysis, nekro- + -filia. First attested in 1888.

ref

Richard von Krafft-Ebing (1888) Zboczenia umysłowe na tle zaburzeń płciowych: (psychopathia sexualis) : opaczne czucie płciowe : studyum sądowo-lekarskie dla użytku prawników i lekarzy (in Polish), page 88

(sexuality) necrophilia (sexual attraction to dead bodies)


coinduction

en-noun

coinduction (countable and uncountable, plural coinductions)

(logic) A form of induction that allows some form of reasoning concerning sets that are not well founded; uses a form of relation called a bisimulation


bisimulation

equivalence relation
equivalence relation

state transition system
state transition system

(logic) an equivalence relation between state transition systems, associating systems which behave in the same way in the sense that one system simulates the other and vice-versa


macrocosmo

(philosophy) macrocosm (a complex structure containing numerous smaller-scale structures)


comunismo

Borrowed from French communisme. Influenced by Italian comune.


indemonstrable

(philosophy) An indemonstrable proposition, especially one taken as axiomatic.


vorarephile

From Latin vorare (“to devour”) + -phile.


symbolic logic

symbolic logic (usually uncountable, plural symbolic logics)

(logic) A formal system of deductive logic in which aspects and relationships of natural language are represented by a system of symbols.


maximal

(logic) Said of a set of well-formed formulas: that it is as large as it can be without being inconsistent; i.e. that for any well-formed formula φ, the set contains either φ or ~φ.


dreamgirl

/ˈdɹiːmɡɜːl/

Coordinate term: dreamboy

The daughter of an Irish bricklayer became the American ideal: the dreamgirl of young, upward-bound males who yearned for the finer things of life

1989, Joseph M. Curran, Hibernian Green on the Silver Screen:

(informal) One's ideal vision of a female companion.


spojka

spojka (nominative singular)
spojky (nominative plural)
spojky (genitive singular)
spojek (genitive plural)
spojce (dative singular)
spojkám (dative plural)
spojku (accusative singular)
spojky (accusative plural)
spojko (singular vocative)
spojky (plural vocative)
spojce (locative singular)
spojkách (locative plural)
spojkou (instrumental singular)
spojkami (instrumental plural)


sequent

1550s; borrowed from Middle French sequent, from Old French sequent, itself borrowed from Latin sequentem, present participle of sequī (“to follow”).

A sequent a,b⊢c,d could be interpreted to correspond to an Existential Graph, whose expression in Existential Graph Interchange Format would be
~[(a) (b) ~[(c)] ~[(d)]], which in ordinary language could be expressed as "a and b give c or d".

(logic) A disjunctive set of logical formulae which is partitioned into two subsets; the first subset, called the antecedent, consists of formulae which are valuated as false, and the second subset, called the succedent, consists of formulae which are valuated as true. (The set is written without set brackets and the separation between the two subsets is denoted by a turnstile symbol, which may be read "give(s)".)


head

+ (English symbol name plus sign or plus)

plus sign (English name symbol)
plus (English name symbol)

antonym(s) of “addition or positiveness”

From a ligature of Latin et (“and”). Compare & and ⁊ of same meaning.

inclusive disjunction
inclusive disjunction

(mathematics, logic) An inclusive disjunction.


فلسفة

ar-noun

فَلْسَفَة • (falsafa) f (plural فَلْسَفَات (falsafāt))

فَلْسَفَة (canonical)
falsafa (romanization)
فَلْسَفَات (plural)
فَلْسَفَة (ar-infl-a indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْفَلْسَفَة (ar-infl-a definite informal singular triptote)
فَلْسَفَة (ar-infl-a construct informal singular triptote)
فَلْسَفَةٌ (ar-infl-a indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْفَلْسَفَةُ (ar-infl-a definite nominative singular triptote)
فَلْسَفَةُ (ar-infl-a construct nominative singular triptote)
فَلْسَفَةً (accusative ar-infl-a indefinite singular triptote)
الْفَلْسَفَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a definite singular triptote)
فَلْسَفَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a construct singular triptote)
فَلْسَفَةٍ (ar-infl-a genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْفَلْسَفَةِ (ar-infl-a definite genitive singular triptote)
فَلْسَفَةِ (ar-infl-a construct genitive singular triptote)
فَلْسَفَتَيْن (ar-infl-a dual indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْفَلْسَفَتَيْن (ar-infl-a definite dual informal singular triptote)
فَلْسَفَتَيْ (ar-infl-a construct dual informal singular triptote)
فَلْسَفَتَانِ (ar-infl-a dual indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْفَلْسَفَتَانِ (ar-infl-a definite dual nominative singular triptote)
فَلْسَفَتَا (ar-infl-a construct dual nominative singular triptote)
فَلْسَفَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a dual indefinite singular triptote)
الْفَلْسَفَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a definite dual singular triptote)
فَلْسَفَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a construct dual singular triptote)
فَلْسَفَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a dual genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْفَلْسَفَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a definite dual genitive singular triptote)
فَلْسَفَتَيْ (ar-infl-a construct dual genitive singular triptote)
فَلْسَفَات (feminine indefinite informal plural sound-form)
الْفَلْسَفَات (definite feminine informal plural sound-form)
فَلْسَفَات (construct feminine informal plural sound-form)
فَلْسَفَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative plural sound-form)
الْفَلْسَفَاتُ (definite feminine nominative plural sound-form)
فَلْسَفَاتُ (construct feminine nominative plural sound-form)
فَلْسَفَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite plural sound-form)
الْفَلْسَفَاتِ (accusative definite feminine plural sound-form)
فَلْسَفَاتِ (accusative construct feminine plural sound-form)
فَلْسَفَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite plural sound-form)
الْفَلْسَفَاتِ (definite feminine genitive plural sound-form)
فَلْسَفَاتِ (construct feminine genitive plural sound-form)

→ Azerbaijani: fəlsəfə

→ Bashkir: фәлсәфә (fəlsəfə)

desc

⇒ Central Atlas Tamazight: ⵜⴰⴼⵍⵙⴰⴼⵜ (taflsaft)

→ Crimean Tatar: felsefe

→ Kazakh: пәлсапа (pälsapa), фәлсафа (fälsafa)

→ Malay: falsafah

→ Ottoman Turkish: فلسفه (felsefe)

Turkish: felsefe

→ Persian: فلسفه

→ Swahili: falsafa

→ Uyghur: پەلسەپە (pelsepe)

→ Uzbek: falsafa

Verbal noun of فَلْسَفَ (falsafa, “to philosophize”), either constructed based on فَيْلَسُوف (faylasūf, “philosopher”), or based directly on Ancient Greek φιλοσοφία (philosophía), compounded from φίλος (phílos, “beloved”) + σοφία (sophía, “wisdom”).


soggetto

(grammar, medicine, music, law, philosophy) subject


droch-bheart

head

droch-bheart f (genitive singular droch-bheirt, plural droch-bheartan)

droch-bheirt (genitive singular)
droch-bheartan (plural)


sostenere

it-verb

sostenére (first-person singular present sostèngo, first-person singular past historic sosténni or sostènni, past participle sostenùto, first-person singular future sosterrò, auxiliary avére)

sostenére (canonical)
sostèngo (first-person present singular)
sosténni (first-person historic past singular)
sostènni (first-person historic past singular)
sostenùto (participle past)
sosterrò (first-person future singular)
avére (auxiliary)
sostenére (infinitive)
avére (auxiliary)
sostenèndo (gerund)
sostenènte (participle present)
sostenùto (participle past)
sostèngo (first-person indicative present singular)
sostièni (indicative present second-person singular)
sostiéni (indicative present second-person singular)
sostiène (indicative present singular third-person)
sostiéne (indicative present singular third-person)
sosteniàmo (first-person indicative plural present)
sostenéte (indicative plural present second-person)
sostèngono (indicative plural present third-person)
sostenévo (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
sostenévi (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
sostenéva (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
sostenevàmo (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
sostenevàte (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
sostenévano (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
sosténni (first-person historic indicative past singular)
sostènni (first-person historic indicative past singular)
sostenésti (historic indicative past second-person singular)
sosténne (historic indicative past singular third-person)
sostènne (historic indicative past singular third-person)
sostenémmo (first-person historic indicative past plural)
sostenéste (historic indicative past plural second-person)
sosténnero (historic indicative past plural third-person)
sostènnero (historic indicative past plural third-person)
sosterrò (first-person future indicative singular)
sosterrài (future indicative second-person singular)
sosterrà (future indicative singular third-person)
sosterrémo (first-person future indicative plural)
sosterréte (future indicative plural second-person)
sosterrànno (future indicative plural third-person)
sosterrèi (conditional first-person present singular)
sosterrésti (conditional present second-person singular)
sosterrèbbe (conditional present singular third-person)
sosterrébbe (conditional present singular third-person)
sosterrémmo (conditional first-person plural present)
sosterréste (conditional plural present second-person)
sosterrèbbero (conditional plural present third-person)
sosterrébbero (conditional plural present third-person)
sostènga (first-person present singular subjunctive)
sostènga (present second-person singular subjunctive)
sostènga (present singular subjunctive third-person)
sosteniàmo (first-person plural present subjunctive)
sosteniàte (plural present second-person subjunctive)
sostèngano (plural present subjunctive third-person)
sostenéssi (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
sostenéssi (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
sostenésse (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
sostenéssimo (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
sostenéste (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
sostenéssero (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
sostièni (imperative second-person singular)
sostiéni (imperative second-person singular)
sostènga (formal imperative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
sosteniàmo (first-person imperative plural)
sostenéte (imperative plural second-person)
sostèngano (formal imperative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
sostenére (imperative negative second-person singular)
sostènga (formal imperative negative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
sosteniàmo (first-person imperative negative plural)
sostenéte (imperative negative plural second-person)
sostèngano (formal imperative negative plural second-person-semantically third-person)

Come l'anima nostra, che è aria, ci sostiene, così il soffio e l'aria circondano il mondo intero.

(Can we date this quote?), Translation of Anaximenes' Fragment 2:


cosmological argument

en-noun

cosmological argument (plural cosmological arguments)

(theology, philosophy) A type of argument for the existence of God arguing that since every thing and event that begins at a point in time has a cause, there must be an uncaused first cause.


kosmos

kosmos (nominative singular)
kosmosu (genitive singular)
kosmosowi (dative singular)
kosmos (accusative singular)
kosmosem (instrumental singular)
kosmosie (locative singular)
kosmosie (singular vocative)

Internationalism; compare English cosmos, French cosmos, German Kosmos, ultimately from Ancient Greek κόσμος (kósmos).

(philosophy) cosmos (whole world, in the sense of perspective or social setting)


FSB

From Russian ФСБ (FSB), initialism of Федеральная Служба Безопасности (Federalʹnaja Služba Bezopasnosti, “Federal Security Service”).

Possible victims included Roman Tsepov, Putin’s bodyguard in 1990s St Petersburg, who died after drinking tea in 2004 at a local FSB office.

2020 August 20, Luke Harding, “Alexei Navalny and the long history of poisoned Kremlin critics”, in The Guardian:

(initialism, Russia, politics, espionage, law enforcement) The Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation.


Divine Providence

(theology) The sovereignty, superintendence, or agency of God over events in people's lives and throughout history.


divine polity

divine polity (usually uncountable, plural divine polities)

But it cannot be expected that the Clergy […] should upon this Revolution by contented to cry peccavi [I have sinned], and openly recant all their former Doctrines of Divine Polity by a hearty active Conformity to your Majesty’s rightful Title and Government.

1698, William Stephens, “A Letter to his most excellent Majesty King William III. […]”, in A Collection of State Tracts, Published During the Reign of King William III, volume 2, published 1706, page 634:

The Divine polity, under which they had hitherto lived, was distasteful to the carnal affections of man: they reject the Lord God of Israel, and exclaim, “Nay, but set a king over us.”

1849, Alfred J. Carver, The Divine Attribute of Mercy as Deduced from the Old Testament, published 1851, page 49:

Let them affirm their unyielding determination to stand, firmly and unreservedly, for the way of Bahá’u’lláh, to avoid the entanglements and bickerings inseparable from the pursuits of the politician, and to become worthy agencies of the Divine Polity which incarnates God’s immutable Purpose for all men.

1936 March 11, Shoghi Effendi, “The Divine Polity”, in The World Order of Bahá’u’lláh: Selected Letters, published 1991, →ISBN, page 65:

(chiefly Christianity, theology) A government or system of governance (especially of a church) said to be instituted by God.


performative

en-adj

performative (comparative more performative, superlative most performative)

more performative (comparative)
most performative (superlative)

Saying "I do" as part of a wedding ceremony is performative, enacting a marriage.

Thus in the example: 'By saying “I do” I was marrying her', the performative 'I do' is a means to the end of marriage. Here 'saying' is used in the sense in which it takes inverted commas and is using words or language, a phatic and not[…]

1975 April 15, J. L. Austin, How to Do Things with Words: Second Edition, Harvard University Press, →ISBN:

(philosophy, linguistics) Being enacted as it is said.


axiological

Students of psychology and epistemology are familiar with the axiological literature of the last forty years, and are here reminded of the great diversity of opinions on this topic.

1922, O. Fred Boucke, “The Relation of Ethics to Social Science,”, in International Journal of Ethics, volume 33, number 1, page 72:

Of or relating to value theory, the philosophical field of axiology.


ctnost

ctnost (nominative singular)
ctnosti (nominative plural)
ctnosti (genitive singular)
ctností (genitive plural)
ctnosti (dative singular)
ctnostem (dative plural)
ctnost (accusative singular)
ctnosti (accusative plural)
ctnosti (singular vocative)
ctnosti (plural vocative)
ctnosti (locative singular)
ctnostech (locative plural)
ctností (instrumental singular)
ctnostmi (instrumental plural)


ethicist

From ethics + -ist, changing /ks/ to /θ/ for ease of pronunciation and dropping the -s.

倫理學者

person who studies principles governing right and wrong conduct

A person, especially a philosopher, who studies ethics (principles governing right and wrong conduct).


teologi

head

teologi c (singular definite teologien, plural indefinite teologier)

teologien (definite singular)
teologier (indefinite plural)

From Ancient Greek θεολογία (theología), from θεός (theós) + -logi.


teologi

teologien (definite singular)
teologiar (indefinite plural)
teologiane (definite plural)


teologi

teologi (indefinite nominative singular)


beng

beng m (accusative benges, nominative plural benga, accusative plural bengen)

benges (accusative)
benga (nominative plural)
bengen (accusative plural)

desc

Angloromani: beng, bang, benga, bengla, bing

→ Czech: bengo

→ Romanian: benga

Inherited from Sanskrit व्यङ्ग (vyaṅga, “spotted; frog”).


axiologist

The moral philosophies are even more important to the moral scientist—the axiologist.

1962, Robert S. Hartman, “Axiology as a science,”, in Philosophy of Science, volume 29, number 4, page 421:

It led willy-nilly to technological determinism, a philosophy that Mumford, the axiologist, generally repudiated. Even in the later pages of Technics and Civilization, he stresses the role of values in shaping technology.

1990, Thomas Hughes, “Review of Lewis Mumford: A Life by Donald Miller,”, in Technology and Culture, volume 31, number 4, page 914:

A person, especially a philosopher, who studies theory of value.


inntinn

head

inntinn f (genitive singular inntinn, plural inntinnean)

inntinn (genitive singular)
inntinnean (plural)

From Old Irish intinn, inntinn (compare Manx inçhyn), from Latin intentiō.

àrd-inntinn

haughtiness, arrogance, pride; high spirit

taisg-inntinn

reservedness; equivocation, mental reservation

toil-inntinn

satisfaction, gratification, contentment, inward pleasure, mental enjoyment

toileachas-inntinn

comfort, mental pleasure, satisfaction, peace of mind, contentment


false dichotomy

en-noun

false dichotomy (plural false dichotomies)

(botany) A branching in which the main axis appears to divide dichotomously at the apex but is in reality suppressed, the growth being continued by lateral branches (as in the dichasium).


monoteizm

monoteizm (nominative singular)
monoteizmu (genitive singular)
monoteizmowi (dative singular)
monoteizm (accusative singular)
monoteizmem (instrumental singular)
monoteizmie (locative singular)
monoteizmie (singular vocative)

Coordinate term: politeizm


láska

láska (nominative singular)
lásky (nominative plural)
lásky (genitive singular)
lásek (genitive plural)
lásce (dative singular)
láskám (dative plural)
lásku (accusative singular)
lásky (accusative plural)
lásko (singular vocative)
lásky (plural vocative)
lásce (locative singular)
láskách (locative plural)
láskou (instrumental singular)
láskami (instrumental plural)

Inherited from Old Czech láska, from Proto-Slavic *laska, *laskati, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂s-.

love (intense feeling of affection and care toward another person)

love (object of one’s romantic feelings)


teologia

Borrowed from Latin theologia, from Ancient Greek θεολογία (theología). Equivalent to teo- + -logia.


teologia

eo-head

teologia (accusative singular teologian, plural teologiaj, accusative plural teologiajn)

teologian (accusative singular)
teologiaj (plural)
teologiajn (accusative plural)


teologia

Learned borrowing from Latin theologia, from Ancient Greek θεολογία (theología).


deontological

en-adj

deontological (comparative more deontological, superlative most deontological)

more deontological (comparative)
most deontological (superlative)

From deontology + -ical (1832). The specialised sense in normative ethics is due to C. D. Broad (1930).

Deontological theories hold that there are ethical propositions of the form: 'Such and such a kind of action would always be right (or wrong) in such and such circumstances, no matter what its consequences might be.'

1930, C. D. Broad, Five Types of Ethical Theory, 206f:

(ethics, philosophy) Of or relating to deontology.


buča

buča (nominative singular)
bučas (nominative plural)
buču (accusative singular)
bučas (accusative plural)
bučas (genitive singular)
buču (genitive plural)
bučai (dative singular)
bučām (dative plural)
buču (instrumental singular)
bučām (instrumental plural)
bučā (locative singular)
bučās (locative plural)
buča (singular vocative)
bučas (plural vocative)

From Proto-Baltic *bu- (with an extra onomatopoeic č(a), suggesting the sound of kissing), from Proto-Indo-European *bu- (“lip”). Some researchers suggest borrowing from Germanic; the majority opinion is that this word was not borrowed. Cognates include Lithuanian bùčius, bučinỹs, Belarusian бу́ся (búsja), Bulgarian бу́зя (búzja, “cheek”), Polish buzia (“mouth; face; kiss”), Ukrainian бу́зя (búzja, “mouth”), Middle Low German bützen, German bussen (“to kiss”) (dialectal pussen), Swedish puss (“kiss”), Irish bus (“lip”), Albanian buzë (“lip”), Latin bucca (“mouth”).

viņš deva tai sirsnīgu buču

kad meita buču saņēmusi, tad viņa iesaucas: “tu pagāns!” un dara tā, it kā tā lūpas gribētu noslaucīt

when the girl received the kiss, she exclaimed: “you heathen!” and did as if she wanted to wipe her lips clean

(colloquial) kiss (a touch with the lips, to express love, friendship, respect, devotion)


epistemologist

A person, especially a philosopher, who studies theory of knowledge.


unsayable

unsayable (comparative more unsayable, superlative most unsayable)

more unsayable (comparative)
most unsayable (superlative)

Whatsoever has been said before me, even on any subject, surely it belongs thereto that it can be repeated by me in rehearsal, and hence it does not seem possible that in this sense it should be so fitly called unspeakable or unsayable.

1851, John Kitto, The Journal of sacred literature, Oxford University, page 296:

Nonetheless, in some unsayable way, value sentences are about values and reflect the structure of values.

1938, G. E. Moore, Ethics, University of Chicago Press, page 215:

The unsaid drives us to “speak;” but, in some ways, there are limitations on what we can say, because some part always remains unsaid — we must always attempt to say the unsayable.

2004, Daniel Fidel Ferrer, Philosophical Aphorisms: Critical Encounters with Heidegger and Nietzsche, page 97:


postlapsarian

/ˌpəʊstlæpˈsɛəɹɪən/

From post- (“after”) + lapsus (“of the fall”) + -arian (“of or pertaining to”).

confix

(Judaism, Christianity) The state of being which followed The Fall (the expulsion of Adam and Eve from the Garden of Eden).


dao

From the pinyin romanization of Chinese 道 (Dào, literally “the Way”) or (dào, "circuit").

(Chinese philosophy) Alternative form of Tao: the way of nature and/or the ideal way to live one's life.


materialist

Ironically, today's generation has become the little materialists and "fame whores" (New York Magazine's term) their boomer parents so reviled.

2007 March 2, Christopher Orlet, “The Look-at-Me Generation”, in The American Spectator:

Someone who is materialistic, concerned only with material possessions.

It is weary work enough to argue with an ordinary materialist, who hurls statistics and whole strata of geological facts at your head, whilst you can only buffet him with deductions and instincts and the snowflakes of faith, that are, alas! so apt to melt in the hot embers of our troubles.

1886 October – 1887 January, H[enry] Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1887, →OCLC:

A follower or proponent of philosophical materialism.


materialist

en-adj

materialist (comparative more materialist, superlative most materialist)

more materialist (comparative)
most materialist (superlative)

Having features typical of philosophical materialism.

materialistisch

having features typical of philosophical materialism


two-spirit

Paul's grasp of the Spirit as the sign of the erupting messianic age is at odds with the two-spirit thought of Qumran which never became incompatible with law observance.

1957, The Harvard Divinity School Bulletin, Harvard University Press, page 133:

(theology) Involving two spirits; especially, pertaining to the doctrine of dualism espoused in the so-called Treatise on the Two Spirits in the Dead Sea Scrolls.

«с двумя́ ду́шами»

involving two spirits; pertaining to the doctrine of dualism


vertu

q

obsolete <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">vertue</i>

English: virtue (obsolete vertue)

Scots: virtue

Yola: vartue

Borrowed from Old French and Anglo-Norman vertu, from Latin virtūtem, accusative of virtūs.

Glory, honourableness, or knightliness; that expected by chivalry.

[…]we sholde dyȝe for vicis / and liffe with vertuus,[…]

c. 1460, Turpines story: a Middle English translation of the Pseudo-Turpin chronicle, published 2004, →ISBN, Capitulum viii, page 13:

[…] we should die for vices / and live with virtues, […]

A particular virtue believed to be morally beneficial or good.

A moral directive or instruction or the body of them; morals.


defeasible

en-adj

defeasible (comparative more defeasible, superlative most defeasible)

more defeasible (comparative)
most defeasible (superlative)

Back-formation from defeasance + -ible, from Anglo-Norman defesaunce, Old French desfaisance, a deverbal noun from desfaire (“to undo”) (Modern French défaire), from des- (“un-, apart”) + fere, faire (“to do”) + -able, reflecting Latin dis- + facere + -ābilis. Near-doublet of defeatable.

The accounting charge for the non-callable debt is defeasible by an escrow.

(law, logic) Capable of being defeated, terminated, annulled, voided or invalidated.

breekbaar

capable of being defeated, invalidated, …


metaethical

In particular, I argue that (i) moral folkism leads us to the deflationary conclusion that many of the normative and metaethical questions that philosophers discuss are settled by empirical facts about what ordinary folk happen to mean by their words — and so they're not settled by mind-independent facts about reality.

2020, Mark Balaguer, “Moral Folkism and the Deflation of (Lots of) Normative and Metaethics”, in José L. Falguera, Concha Martínez-Vidal, editor, Abstract Objects: For and Against, page 297:

(ethics) Of or pertaining to metaethics.


metaethics

From meta- + ethics. First attested in the 1930s.

However, he holds that ethics is not capable of proving cruelty—or happiness, for that matter—to be either good or bad. This view of the limitations of the reasoning of normative ethics belongs to metaethics.

1985, Kenneth Blackwell, The Spinozistic Ethics of Bertrand Russell, volume 1, →ISBN, page 6:

With respect to metaethics, some philosophers, known as cognitivists, believe that it is possible to identify objective criteria for determining what is ethically right or wrong, or good and bad. Others, however, question whether this is possible.

2006, Frederic G. Reamer, Social Work Values and Ethics, 3rd edition, →ISBN, page 62:

(ethics) The study of the nature and meaning of moral judgments, and the foundations and the possibility of ethical reasoning as such.


buaidh

head

buaidh f (genitive singular buaidhe, plural buaidhean)

buaidhe (genitive singular)
buaidhean (plural)
buaidh
bhuaidh

From Old Irish búaid; compare Irish bua, Welsh budd.

effect, influence, effectiveness, impact, impression


beingness

en-noun

beingness (usually uncountable, plural beingnesses)

Calque of German Seiendheit, equivalent to English being + -ness. Occasionally also used to translate German Sein (“being”).

Thus, from every example, we may see that Quantity always concerns a Beingness, which is indifferent to the very determinateness which it now, or at any time, has.

1865, James Hutchison Stirling, The Secret of Hegel, page 263:

In the good painting the stone is no longer a stone, i.e., something which we could not possibly be: in the good painting the stone has become visible in its beingness; only in the work of art is the stone truly.

1988, Leo Strauss, What is Political Philosophy?, →ISBN, page 253:

The two approaches remain distinct ways of knowing: mystics are interested in the changeless beingness outside of time, while scientists are only interested in understanding the causes of the changes within the world of time.

2004, Richard H. Jones, Mysticism and Morality: A New Look at Old Questions, →ISBN, page 391:

Existence; the condition of a thing that is.


Elohim

Transliteration of Biblical Hebrew אלוהים.

translit

(biblical, Judaism, theology) Elohim (one of the alternate names of God found in the Old Testament)


条件

Chinese: 條件／条件 (tiáojiàn)

Korean: 조건 (jogeon)

Vietnamese: điều kiện

[d͡ʑo̞ːkẽ̞ɴ]

発生条件


percipient

From Latin percipiēns, present participle of percipiō (“to perceive”).

As anatomy, physiology and, later, psychology have developed into more or less well-organized sciences, they have necessarily and rightly come to incorporate the study of, among other things, the structures, mechanisms, and functionings of animal and human bodies qua percipient.

1954: Gilbert Ryle, Dilemmas: The Tarner Lectures, 1953, dilemma vii: Perception, page 99 (The Syndics of the Cambridge University Press)

(philosophy, psychology) One who perceives something.


dogcatcher

Men like him couldn't get elected dogcatcher. He was a natural lieutenant, not a leader, and it was a fact he accepted with neither bitterness nor regret.

2007, Robert Ludlum, The Bancroft Strategy, page 348:

A person whose job is to catch and remove stray dogs.


blameable

English: blamable, blameable


essentialism

en-noun

essentialism (countable and uncountable, plural essentialisms)

More problematic is the essentialism that interests modal logicians, namely "the view that some attributes belong to an object by necessity whereas others belong to it contingently."

1991, Garth L. Hallett, Essentialism: A Wittgensteinian Critique, →ISBN, page 2:

Opponents of essentialism argue that "essences" are simply creations of language and culture.

2004, Kelly James Clark, Richard Lints, James K. A. Smith, 101 Key Terms in Philosophy and Their Importance for Theology, →ISBN, page 21:

(philosophy) The view that objects have properties that are essential to them.

اَلْجَوْهَرَانِيَّة

I should also mention that Rousseau's essentialism, unlike many of his contemporaries', is rather limited.

2007, Mark Sydney Cladis, Public Vision, Private Lives, →ISBN, page 85:

But they fed what they saw as raw, unguarded essentialism into work that was anything but naive. Rousseau was a naïf himself; his work as seductively strange to the other modernists as an ancient Iberian sculpture or a child’s drawing.

2015 June 17, Rachel Spence, “Henri Rousseau: Archaic Candour, Palazzo Ducale, Venice”, in Financial Times:

(philosophy) The theory that human beings are by nature (i.e. essentially) good and that evil is the product of society.


essentialism

essentialism (indefinite nominative singular)


unknowable

en-adj

unknowable (comparative more unknowable, superlative most unknowable)

more unknowable (comparative)
most unknowable (superlative)

Number fourteen: Some of the things you need to know are things that are unknowable.

2004, George Carlin, “NINETY-NINE THINGS YOU NEED TO KNOW”, in When Will Jesus Bring the Pork Chops?, New York: Hyperion Books, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL, page 39:


復活

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (復活):
* → Japanese: 復活(ふっかつ) (fukkatsu)
* → Korean: 부활(復活) (buhwal)

/fu⁵¹ xu̯ɔ³⁵/

/fɐu̯²² wuːt̚²/

/huʔ⁵⁻³³ uaʔ⁵/

/pu²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ uaʔ⁵/

/hɔk̚⁴⁻³² uaʔ⁴/

/hɔk̚²⁴⁻² uaʔ²⁴/

/hɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ uaʔ¹²¹/

/hɔk̚⁴⁻³² uaʔ⁴/

/hɔk̚⁴⁻³² uaʔ⁴/

/voʔ¹¹ ɦuəʔ²³/

/fu⁵¹ xu̯ɔ³⁵/

/fɐu̯²² wuːt̚²/

/huʔ⁵⁻³³ uaʔ⁵/

/pu²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ uaʔ⁵/

/hɔk̚⁴⁻³² uaʔ⁴/

/hɔk̚²⁴⁻² uaʔ²⁴/

/hɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ uaʔ¹²¹/

/hɔk̚⁴⁻³² uaʔ⁴/

/hɔk̚⁴⁻³² uaʔ⁴/

/voʔ¹¹ ɦuəʔ²³/

Christians believe that Jesus was resurrected three days after his crucifixion.

Jīdūtú xiāngxìn Yēsū bèi dìng sǐ zài shízìjià hòu sān tiān fùhuó.

基督徒相信耶穌被釘死在十字架後三天復活。

基督徒相信耶稣被钉死在十字架后三天复活。

The Book of the Later Han, circa 5ᵗʰ century CE

長沙有人死，經月復活。

长沙有人死，经月复活。

(ergative) to come back to life; to bring back to life; to revive; to resurrect


復活

ja-noun

復(ふっ)活(かつ) • (fukkatsu) ^(←ふくくわつ (fukukwatu)?)

復活 (canonical)
fukkatsu (romanization)
fukukwatu (romanization)
ふくくわつ (hiragana historical)

[ɸɯ̟̊k̚ka̠t͡sɨ]


exister

We existers are never either ready to hand or present at hand, because our ontological constitution, Existenz, is utterly different from theirs […]

1992, Graeme Nicholson, Illustrations of being: drawing upon Heidegger and upon metaphysics:

It is good that existers enjoy their pleasures. It is also good that pains are avoided.

2006, David Benatar, Better never to have been: the harm of coming into existence:


hylism

(philosophy) Materialism: the theory that there is nothing beyond matter.


mentalese

en-noun

mentalese (usually uncountable, plural mentaleses)

From mental + -ese (suffix forming adjectives and nouns describing, among other things, languages).

suffix

The concept of a proposition as something that can be expressed by sentences in both Mentalese and, say, English is an analogical extension of the concept of a proposition as something that can be expressed by sentences in both English and German.

1964 November 12, Wilfrid Sellars, “Notes on Intentionality”, in The Journal of Philosophy, volume LXI, number 21, New York, N.Y.: The Journal of Philosophy, →DOI, →ISSN, →JSTOR, →OCLC, page 657:

Translationists are said to treat the coding of thoughts in ‘Mentalese’, whose structure is already known, into a natural language, just like translating a natural language, say Russian, in terms of another known language, say English (G 282). Incorporationists point out the circularity of (36b) because Mentalese, supposed to be intrinsically intelligible, is just English or some other variety of a natural language, and the translation maneuver only postpones the problem, [...]

1977, P. G. Patel, “The Left Parieto-temporo-occipital Junction, Semantic Aphasia and Language Development around Age Seven”, in Linguistics: An Interdisciplinary Journal of the Language Sciences, volume 15, number 196, Berlin, New York, N.Y.: Mouton de Gruyter, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 45:

But where does mentalese come from? If it is learned, then what is it related to in the preceding mentaleses? To avoid endless regress, [Jerry] Fodor postulates an internal language that is innate, a claim that he himself calls "horrendous" and "scandalous," yet inescapable.

1979, Gavriel Salomon, “Cultivation of Mental Skills through Symbolic Forms”, in Interaction of Media, Cognition, and Learning: An Exploration of how Symbolic Forms Cultivate Mental Skills and Affect Knowledge Acquisition (Jossey-Bass Social and Behavioral Science Series), San Francisco, Calif.: Jossey-Bass Publishers, →ISBN; republished Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1994 (2009 printing), →ISBN, page 121:

[A]re natural languages merely vehicles for the communication of mentalese? Or does language itself play a role in the formation of our thought? The question is called critical, since a positive response to the latter (language does play a role) would call into question the assumption that all meaning is reducible to mentalese.

1990, Patrick de Gramont, “The Problem of Representation”, in Language and the Distortion of Meaning (Psychoanalytic Crosscurrents), New York, N.Y., London: New York University Press, →ISBN, page 53:

One suggestion is that there is a de facto correlation between words or sentences of natural language and expressions of mentalese and between the logical relations among the former and the causal relations among the latter. This is a curious idea. The alleged correlation is not empirically grounded.

1990, Peter A. French, Theodore Edward Uehling, Howard K. Wettstein, editors, The Philosophy of the Human Sciences (Midwest Studies in Philosophy; XV), Notre Dame, Ind.: University of Notre Dame Press, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 446:

[I]t is probably misleading to talk about the language of thought, or to talk about ‘Mentalese’, as if it were a single representational system. We should more properly, in the context of a thesis of massive mental modularity, talk about languages of thought, or Mentaleses.

2006, Peter Carruthers, “The Case for Massively Modular Models of Mind”, in The Architecture of the Mind: Massive Modularity and the Flexibility of Thought, Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, section 6 (The Argument from Computational Tractability), page 51:

[Jerry] Fodor's position stems from his theory, first articulated in The Language of Thought, that there is a type of internal system of representation contained within the human mind out of which thoughts are formed, similarly to the way sentences are formed out of individual words, a "language" which he refers to as "mentalese." Our concepts are the units out of which mentalese constructs thoughts. [...] Importantly, mentalese must be sufficiently rich to enable us to utilize it to learn the natural language of our birth, and we must have this type of system of representation prior to any development of natural language.

2014, Gabriel Keehn, “Does the Theory of Recollection Preclude Learning?: A New Dimension to Platonic Nativism”, in Chris Higgins, editor, Philosophy of Education, Urbana, Ill.: Philosophy of Education Society; University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2019-03-07, page 161:

(philosophy, psychology) A hypothetical non-verbal language in which concepts are represented in the mind.


любовь

ru-noun+

любо́вь • (ljubóvʹ) f inan (genitive любви́, nominative plural любви́, genitive plural любве́й, relational adjective любо́вный)

любо́вь (canonical)
ljubóvʹ (romanization)
любви́ (genitive)
любви́ (nominative plural)
любве́й (genitive plural)
любо́вный (adjective relational)
любо́вь (nominative singular)
любви́ (nominative plural)
любви́ (genitive singular)
любве́й (genitive plural)
любви́ (dative singular)
любвя́м (dative plural)
любо́вь (accusative singular)
любви́ (accusative plural)
любо́вью (instrumental singular)
любвя́ми (instrumental plural)
любви́ (prepositional singular)
любвя́х (plural prepositional)
любо́вь (dated nominative singular)
любви́ (dated nominative plural)
любви́ (dated genitive singular)
любве́й (dated genitive plural)
любви́ (dated dative singular)
любвя́мъ (dated dative plural)
любо́вь (accusative dated singular)
любви́ (accusative dated plural)
любо́вью (dated instrumental singular)
любвя́ми (dated instrumental plural)
любви́ (dated prepositional singular)
любвя́хъ (dated plural prepositional)

→ Bulgarian: любо́в (ljubóv)

Inherited from Old East Slavic любꙑ (ljuby), from Proto-Slavic *ľuby, from Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ-.
Cognates include Sanskrit लोभ (lobha, “desire, cupidity”) and English love.


idealismo

(philosophy, uncountable) idealism (an approach to philosophical enquiry)


idealismo

(philosophy) idealism (an approach to philosophical enquiry)


idealismo

tl-noun

idealismo (Baybayin spelling ᜁᜇᜒᜌᜎᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜓ)

ᜁᜇᜒᜌᜎᜒᜐ᜔ᜋᜓ (Baybayin)


duch

cs-noun

duch m inan (related adjective duchovní)

duchovní (adjective)
duch (nominative singular)
duchy (nominative plural)
ducha (genitive singular)
duchů (genitive plural)
duchu (dative singular)
duchům (dative plural)
duch (accusative singular)
duchy (accusative plural)
duchu (singular vocative)
duchy (plural vocative)
duchu (locative singular)
duších (locative plural)
duchách (locative plural)
duchem (instrumental singular)
duchy (instrumental plural)

Inherited from Old Czech duch, from Proto-Slavic *dȗxъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dáuṣas, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰows-o-s, from the root *dʰwes- (“to breathe, breath, spirit”).


duch

duch (nominative singular)
duchové (nominative plural)
ducha (genitive singular)
duchů (genitive plural)
duchovi (dative singular)
duchu (dative singular)
duchům (dative plural)
ducha (accusative singular)
duchy (accusative plural)
duchu (singular vocative)
duchové (plural vocative)
duchovi (locative singular)
duchu (locative singular)
duších (locative plural)
duchách (locative plural)
duchem (instrumental singular)
duchy (instrumental plural)


duch

duszek (diminutive)
duch (nominative singular)
duchy (nominative plural)
ducha (genitive singular)
duchów (genitive plural)
duchowi (dative singular)
duchom (dative plural)
ducha (accusative singular)
duchy (accusative plural)
duchem (instrumental singular)
duchami (instrumental plural)
duchu (locative singular)
duchach (locative plural)
duchu (singular vocative)
duchy (plural vocative)

Wierzysz w duchy?


panpsychism

en-noun

panpsychism (usually uncountable, plural panpsychisms)

By surface analysis, pan- + psychism. From German Panpsychismus (1874), from Latin pampsychia (1591). Cognate with Ancient Greek πάμψυχος (pámpsukhos, “in full life”) and (modern) Greek παμψυχισμός (pampsychismós, “panpsychism”).

cog

As we shall see in chapter 3, the Tiantai school of Buddhism advocated a version of panpsychism without such beliefs, and this demonstrates that the panpsychist thesis stands on its own, and is logically independent of the claim that mentality can somehow be attributed to the universe as a whole.

2004, “Introduction”, in D. S. Clarke, editor, Panpsychism, SUNY Press, →ISBN, page 10:

Generally speaking, elements of panpsychism in phenomenology are faint at best. In [Graham] Harman's opinion, "It's safe to say that there is no panpsychist strain anywhere in the phenomenological movement."

2005, David Skrbina, Panpsychism in the West, The MIT Press (Bradford Books), →ISBN, page 182:

Panpsychism is a family of views whose basic principles are that the mental is both fundamental and ubiquitous.[…]Panpsychism can be usefully contrasted with the opposing doctrine of *emergentism: the view that certain attributes apply to complex systems which do not apply to the system's constituents.

2014, “panpsychism”, in Tim Bayne, Axel Cleeremans, Patrick Wilken, editors, The Oxford Companion to Consciousness, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 500:

[Anne Conway's] treatise, the first philosophical paper published by a woman, was one of the first modern articulations of panpsychism, the idea that consciousness is fundamental to the natural world.

2021, Meghan O'Gieblyn, chapter 9, in God, Human, Animal, Machine […] , →ISBN:

(philosophy, metaphysics, uncountable) The doctrine that all matter has a mental aspect.

panpsixizm

Whitehead devised such a conception, which to my mind definitely supersedes the panpsychisms of the history of metaphysics.

1961, Victor Lowe, “The Approach to Metaphysics”, in Ivor Leclerc, editor, The Relevance of Whitehead, Taylor & Francis (Routledge), published 2013, →ISBN, page 207:

The genius of modern panpsychisms has proved to be their capacity to incorporate rather than reject the mechanistic point of view.

1975, John Howie, Thomas O. Buford, editors, Contemporary Studies in Philosophical Idealism, C. Stark, →ISBN, page 75:

This seems to be due to one factor that they all—the various idealisms, phenomenalisms, positivisms, and panpsychisms—have in common: They reject, or at least fail to endorse, the idea of “matter.”

1997, David Ray Griffin, Parapsychology, Philosophy, and Spirituality: A Postmodern Exploration, State University of New York Press, →ISBN, page 111:

(philosophy, metaphysics, countable) Any specific doctrine or system of panpsychism.


fréquenter

fréquenter (infinitive)
avoir + past participle (infinitive multiword-construction)
fréquentant (gerund participle present)
ayant + past participle (gerund multiword-construction participle present)
fréquenté (participle past)
fréquente (first-person indicative present singular)
fréquentes (indicative present second-person singular)
fréquente (indicative present singular third-person)
fréquentons (first-person indicative plural present)
fréquentez (indicative plural present second-person)
fréquentent (indicative plural present third-person)
fréquentais (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
fréquentais (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
fréquentait (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
fréquentions (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
fréquentiez (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
fréquentaient (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
fréquentai (first-person historic indicative past singular)
fréquentas (historic indicative past second-person singular)
fréquenta (historic indicative past singular third-person)
fréquentâmes (first-person historic indicative past plural)
fréquentâtes (historic indicative past plural second-person)
fréquentèrent (historic indicative past plural third-person)
fréquenterai (first-person future indicative singular)
fréquenteras (future indicative second-person singular)
fréquentera (future indicative singular third-person)
fréquenterons (first-person future indicative plural)
fréquenterez (future indicative plural second-person)
fréquenteront (future indicative plural third-person)
fréquenterais (conditional first-person singular)
fréquenterais (conditional second-person singular)
fréquenterait (conditional singular third-person)
fréquenterions (conditional first-person plural)
fréquenteriez (conditional plural second-person)
fréquenteraient (conditional plural third-person)
future of avoir + past participle (future indicative multiword-construction perfect)
conditional of avoir + past participle (conditional multiword-construction perfect)
fréquente (first-person present singular subjunctive)
fréquentes (present second-person singular subjunctive)
fréquente (present singular subjunctive third-person)
fréquentions (first-person plural present subjunctive)
fréquentiez (plural present second-person subjunctive)
fréquentent (plural present subjunctive third-person)
fréquentasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
fréquentasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
fréquentât (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
fréquentassions (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
fréquentassiez (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
fréquentassent (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
fréquente (imperative second-person singular)
fréquentons (first-person imperative plural)
fréquentez (imperative plural second-person)

Borrowed from Latin frequentāre, infinitive of frequentō.

dis-moi qui tu fréquentes et je te dirai qui tu es

Je fréquente mes amis.


idealista

pl-noun

idealista m pers (female equivalent idealistka)

idealistka (feminine)
idealista (nominative singular)
idealiści (nominative plural)
idealisty (derogatory nominative plural)
idealisty (genitive singular)
idealistów (genitive plural)
idealiście (dative singular)
idealistom (dative plural)
idealistę (accusative singular)
idealistów (accusative plural)
idealistą (instrumental singular)
idealistami (instrumental plural)
idealiście (locative singular)
idealistach (locative plural)
idealisto (singular vocative)
idealiści (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English idealist, French idéaliste, German Idealist, ultimately from Late Latin ideālis, from Latin idea + ālis, from Ancient Greek ἰδέα (idéa). By surface analysis, ideał + -ista.

(philosophy) idealist (one who adheres to idealism)


L-bomb

“Then take her on a tour of places that are special to the two of you — the bar where you had your first date, the park where you dropped the L-bomb, [...]”

2003, Joe Kita, Guy Q: 1,305 Totally Essential Secrets You Either Know, Or You Don’t, Rodale, →ISBN, page 139:

(idiomatic) The word love, or an expression of love, usually one that provokes a significant change in a relationship.


handler

From Middle English handler, handiller, equivalent to handle + -er.

The governor received guidance on how to best disseminate key information to the public from her handler.

(in combination) An advisor or manager providing guidance to a person occupying public office or a prominent position.


아

Sino-Korean word from 我, from the Middle Korean reading 아〯 (Yale: ǎ), from Middle Chinese 我 (MC ngaX).

歷(역)史(사)란 무엇인가? 人(인)類(류) 社(사)會(회)의 我(아)와 非(비)我(아)의 鬪(투)爭(쟁)[…]

1931, Sin Chaeho, 신채호(申采浩), “總(총)論(론) [Introduction]”, in 朝(조)鮮(선)上(상)古(고)史(사) (Joseon sanggosa) [Ancient history of Korea]:

What is meant by the word "history"? [It is the record of] the fight between the "ego" and the "non-ego" of human society [that has] […]

Yeoksa-ran mueos-in'ga? Illyu sahoe-ui a-wa bia-ui tujaeng […]

(literary, philosophy) the ego; the self


superbia

la-noun

superbia f (genitive superbiae); first declension

superbiae (genitive)
superbia (nominative singular)
superbiae (nominative plural)
superbiae (genitive singular)
superbiārum (genitive plural)
superbiae (dative singular)
superbiīs (dative plural)
superbiam (accusative singular)
superbiās (accusative plural)
superbiā (ablative singular)
superbiīs (ablative plural)
superbia (singular vocative)
superbiae (plural vocative)

French: superbe

Italian: superbia

Portuguese: soberba

Spanish: soberbia

Nōn ea vīs animō nec tanta superbia victīs.

“[We do] not [have] this violence in mind, nor [is] such arrogance even [appropriate] for the defeated.”
(Ilioneus assures Queen Dido that the Trojans have not come to raid Carthage.)

pride, haughtiness, arrogance, snobbishness, insolence, lawlessness, wantonness


sensationalism

en-noun

sensationalism (countable and uncountable, plural sensationalisms)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-sensationalism.wav

(philosophy) A theory of philosophy that all knowledge is ultimately derived from the senses.


哲学

哲 (tetsu, “clear, wise, sage”) + 学 (gaku, “study”). Coined by Nishi Amane in his 1874 百一新論 as a translation of English philosophy.


gudfrøði

fo-noun

gudfrøði f (genitive singular gudfrøði, uncountable)

gudfrøði (genitive singular)
gudfrøði (indefinite nominative singular)
gudfrøðin (definite nominative singular)
gudfrøði (accusative indefinite singular)
gudfrøðina (accusative definite singular)
gudfrøði (dative indefinite singular)
gudfrøðini (dative definite singular)
gudfrøði (genitive indefinite singular)
gudfrøðinnar (definite genitive singular)

/ˈkʊfːɾøːjɪ/


hugmyndafrøði

hugmyndafrøði f (genitive singular hugmyndafrøði, uncountable)

hugmyndafrøði (genitive singular)
hugmyndafrøði (indefinite nominative singular)
hugmyndafrøðin (definite nominative singular)
hugmyndafrøði (accusative indefinite singular)
hugmyndafrøðina (accusative definite singular)
hugmyndafrøði (dative indefinite singular)
hugmyndafrøðini (dative definite singular)
hugmyndafrøði (genitive indefinite singular)
hugmyndafrøðinnar (definite genitive singular)


federalist

/ˈfɛdəɹəlˌɪst/


entailment

en-noun

entailment (countable and uncountable, plural entailments)

That no entailment of lands shall continue to entail Robinson etc. the same, in any case whatever, longer than the life of the person to whom the same hath been, or shall be, first devised, by such entailment.

1875, New Jersey Law Reports - Volume 5, page 814:

On the other hand, the "perpetual entailment of estates" was a favorite of the common law,—supporting, as it did, the right of primogeniture, and growing out of the feudal system.

1903, The Pacific Reporter - Volume 71, page 292:

Even in the nineteenth century, and especially in comparison with England, commentators repeatedly highlighted how important the abolition of entailment and primogeniture was to preventing the dynastic concentration of wealth.

2018, Jens Beckert, Inherited Wealth, page 163:

The act of setting up an entail to restrict inheritance.