afterlife

en-noun

afterlife (plural afterlives or (rare, proscribed) afterlifes)

afterlives (plural)
afterlifes (plural proscribed rare)

Many religious people believe in an afterlife.

Read in euery Starre, and let the Moone be your Candle to doe it, the prouident disposition of God, the eternitie of your after-life.

1614, Thomas Adams, “The Sinners Passing-Bell”, in The Devills Banket, London: Ralph Mab, page 219:

1715, Alexander Pope, The Temple of Fame, London: Bernard Lintott, Note to p. 16, ver. 5,
Those heroick Barbarians accounted it a Dishonour to die in their Beds, and rush’d on to certain Death in the Prospect of an After-Life […]

1891, Ambrose Bierce, “A Watcher by the Dead” in Tales of Soldiers and Civilians, San Francisco: E.L.G. Steele, p. 175,
I, who have not a shade of superstition in my nature—I, who have no belief in immortality—I, who know […] that the after-life is the dream of a desire

Each person took this paper money and dropped it into a huge tin drum which held within it a fierce fire, a bonfire of heavenly money for Tiger’s afterlife.

2005, Tash Aw, chapter 6, in The Harmony Silk Factory, New York: Riverhead Books, page 67:

A conscious existence after death; a supernatural life that follows one's natural life, in some worldviews.


suture

From Middle English suture, from Latin sūtūra (“suture”), from suere (“sew, join or tack together”) + -tūra (forms action nouns).

af

The suture of science and philosophy constitutes an identification of philosophical thought and scientific objectivity that is unfortunately typical of contemporary so-called ‘analytic’ philosophy. […] Yet, the over-identification of philosophical tasks with science itself signifies a veritable retreat from philosophy itself.

2011, Tzuchien Tho, “Introduction: One Divides into Two? Dividing the Conditions”, in Alain Badiou, The Rational Kernel of the Hegelian Dialectic, →ISBN, page xix:

(philosophy, figurative) The procedure by which a subject comes to be identified with its own representation, as in the identification of the speaker with the sign “I” within a certain discourse; (by extension) any process by which the content of something is determined or supplied from outside itself.


reduction

en-noun

reduction (countable and uncountable, plural reductions)

From Middle English reduccion, a borrowing from Old French reducion, from Latin reductiō, reductiōnem.

phenomenological reduction
phenomenological reduction

(philosophy, phenomenology) A philosophical procedure intended to reveal the objects of consciousness as pure phenomena. (See phenomenological reduction.)


Democritus

From Ancient Greek Δημόκριτος (Dēmókritos).

A Greek philosopher (c.460-c.370 BC). The originator of the atomic theory together with his teacher Leucippus.


conversion

conversion (countable and uncountable, plural conversions)

From Middle English conversion, conversioun, borrowed from Anglo-Norman conversion, from Latin conversiō, from convertō.

обръщане

the act of having converted something or someone

המרת דת

to replace one religious faith with another

(logic) The act of interchanging the terms of a proposition, as by putting the subject in the place of the predicate, or vice versa.


valuation

valuation (countable and uncountable, plural valuations)

From Middle French valuation, noun of action from valuer, from Old French valoir.

propositional variable
propositional variable

(logic, propositional logic, model theory) An assignment of truth values to propositional variables, with a corresponding assignment of truth values to all propositional formulas with those variables (obtained through the recursive application of truth-valued functions corresponding to the logical connectives making up those formulas).

propositional logic; model theory; propositional logic; model theory

(logic, first-order logic, model theory) A structure, and the corresponding assignment of a truth value to each sentence in the language for that structure.

first-order logic; model theory; first-order logic; model theory


thealogy

thealogy (countable and uncountable, plural thealogies)

From Ancient Greek θεά (theá, “goddess”) + -logy.

The study of or reflection upon the or a goddess, or the feminine divine, e.g. from a feminist viewpoint.


claustrophilia

Based on the Latin claustrum (“a shut in place”), from claudere (“to close”) + -philia ("love").

The love of, or arousal from, enclosed, tight places.


amelioration

amelioration (countable and uncountable, plural ameliorations)

/əˌmiːliəˈɹeɪʃən/

pre-amelioration

post-amelioration

(philosophy) An ameliorative change of a concept or a repertoire of concepts.


félagshyggja

is-noun

félagshyggja f (genitive singular félagshyggju, no plural)

félagshyggju (genitive singular)
félagshyggja (indefinite nominative singular)
félagshyggjan (definite nominative singular)
félagshyggju (accusative indefinite singular)
félagshyggjuna (accusative definite singular)
félagshyggju (dative indefinite singular)
félagshyggjunni (dative definite singular)
félagshyggju (genitive indefinite singular)
félagshyggjunnar (definite genitive singular)

From félag (“association, society”) + hyggja (“thought”).


endearment

Every step of that walk led Jeff deeper into an excursion of endearment. It was amazingly true that he trod beside her an acknowledged friend, a secret lover.

1913, William MacLeod Raine, chapter 20, in The Vision Splendid:

The act or process of endearing, of causing (something or someone) to be loved or to be the object of affection.

He could not forget the fond and earnest look that had passed between her and some other man—the attitude of familiar confidence, if not of positive endearment.

1855, Elizabeth Gaskell, chapter 38, in North and South:

The state or characteristic of being endeared.

When they were alone he called him "my boy," an endearment he never gave another.

1902, Gertrude Franklin Horn Atherton, chapter 18, in The Conqueror:


open-source

open-source intelligence

The ramifications of disinformation spill on to the streets with tangible, often devastating real-world consequences. These processes were already under way in 2014, when I founded the open-source investigative group Bellingcat.

2023 December 16, Eliot Higgins, “Moment of truth”, in FT Weekend, Life & Arts, page 1:

(espionage) Relying on publicly available information (open sources).


hetero

hetero (indefinite nominative singular)
heteroen (definite nominative singular)
heteroer (indefinite nominative plural)
heteroerne (definite nominative plural)
heteros (genitive indefinite singular)
heteroens (definite genitive singular)
heteroers (genitive indefinite plural)
heteroernes (definite genitive plural)


MLM

multi-level marketing
multi-level marketing#English

(business) Initialism of multi-level marketing.

[In] the responses from participants above, it can be noted how these particular Christian MLM bring their daily experiences in their approach to the Bible. […], refusing to be addressed as men who have sex with other men (MSM) but opting to be known as men who love other men […] Second, Christian MLM also underline the need for the churches in Zambia to contextualize biblical texts […]

2016, Ezra Chitando, Adriaan van Klinken, Christianity and Controversies over Homosexuality in Contemporary Africa, Routledge, →ISBN:

(fourth meaning)

(LGBTQ) Initialism of men loving men or men who love men.


MLM

Muslim Lives Matter
w:Muslim Lives Matter

(politics) Initialism of Muslim Lives Matter.


open source

Compound of open + source, coined by Christine Peterson in 1998 for software as an umbrella term to encompass existing concepts such as free software, freedomware, and sourceware.

(espionage) Information that is in the public domain and available to everybody.


puppy love

They're only teenagers; it's hard to take their puppy love seriously.

How does a little girl in the second grade who was raised upper-middle class begin to explain that she's fallen into undeniable puppy love with her second grade teacher, Mrs. Dawson?

1984 December 15, Cindy Rivas, “With a Little Help...”, in Gay Community News, volume 12, number 22, page 12:

(informal, derogatory) A childish or youthful infatuation with another person.


head over heels

Attested from the 14ᵗʰ century onwards, originally as heels over head, which better rendered the notion of things being upside down (head over heels is the standard state of being).

Something happens and I'm head over heels / Ah, don't take my heart, don't break my heart / Don't, don't, don't throw it away

1985, Roland Orzabal, Curt Smith (lyrics and music), “Head Over Heels”, performed by Tears for Fears:

Steve is the hottest, smartest, funniest, and most athletic boy in all of Edison High. Who knew a jock could be captain of the math team? He is also the guy that every girl is head over heels for.

2011, Martina Manicastri, Climb into My Mind: A Book of Poems, Essays, and Short Stories, →ISBN, page 74:

Not to mention the young man that I was head over heels with was the jock at the school he attended. He played football and was damned good at it!

2012, Dressed up Garbage Can, →ISBN, page 9:

From what it appeared to most everyone on the set, including Presley right down to the lowly stagehands, Ireland was head over heels with the impish young actress Weld from the start.

2012, James Prickette, Actors of the Spaghetti Westerns, →ISBN, page 237:

Obviously at my age my interest was purely paternal but my younger self was head over heels.

2013, Dennis Coughlin, Passport to Life, →ISBN, page 155:


quiddity

en-noun

quiddity (countable and uncountable, plural quiddities)

From Middle French quiddité, and its source, Late Latin quidditas, from Latin quid (“what”) + -itas (“-ness”).

A tub of butter, contemplated by him, amounts to a Platonic idea. He understands a leg of mutton in its quiddity. He stands wondering, amid the commonplace materials of life, like primæval man, with the sun and stars about him.

October 1822, Charles Lamb, “The Old Actors”, in London Magazine, Mr. Munden:

My vision reeked with truth. It had the tone,
The quiddity and quaintness of its own
Reality.

He represented my quiddity I suppose – the part which, thanks to you, has converted a black pessimism about life into a belief in cosmic absurdity.

1978, Lawrence Durrell, Livia (Avignon Quintet), Faber & Faber, published 1992, page 352:

When I send a card, it has to be right. Something that sums up the essential quiddity of being me, right here, right now.

2023 December 8, The Big Issue, Melbourne, page 35, column 1:

(philosophy) The essence or inherent nature of a person or thing.


Xenophanes

From Ancient Greek Ξενοφάνης (Xenophánēs). The name means “of foreign appearance” and is composed of ξένος (xénos, “foreign”) + φαίνω (phaínō, “appear”).

Lucretius was the Xenophanes of Roman culture, a great theorist (visionary), an ardent disciple of Universal Nature, an enemy of all superstition, false gods, and false fear of death, […]

1931, Hermann Schneider, Margaret Minna Green, The History of World Civilization, volume 2, page 614:

No Xenophanes arose amongst the Jews to rebuke them for ascribing to Jahweh acts which would be accounted a shame and a disgrace amongst men; […]

1970, John Arthur Passmore, The Perfectibility of Man, page 77:

Euthyphro is no Xenophanes but as a religious and thinking man he can turn to great teachers; […]

1985, Michael Despland, The Education of Desire, page 33:

The pre-Socratic philosopher Xenophanes of Colophon; by extension or reference, any profound or transformative religious thinker.


mutually exclusive

(logic, probability theory) Describing multiple events or propositions such that the occurrence of any one implies the nonoccurrence of all other events or propositions. Boolean function of NOR logic gate

узаемавыключа́льны

describing multiple events being such that the occurrence of any one implies the nonoccurrence of all others


Diogenes

From Latin Diogenēs, from Ancient Greek Διογένης (Diogénēs).

Diogenes of Sinope, an Ancient Greek philosopher (c.412-c.323 BC), the most famous of Cynic philosophers.


Diogenes

Diogenes (nominative singular)
Diogenesowie (nominative plural)
Diogenesa (genitive singular)
Diogenesów (genitive plural)
Diogenesowi (dative singular)
Diogenesom (dative plural)
Diogenesa (accusative singular)
Diogenesów (accusative plural)
Diogenesem (instrumental singular)
Diogenesami (instrumental plural)
Diogenesie (locative singular)
Diogenesach (locative plural)
Diogenesie (singular vocative)
Diogenesowie (plural vocative)

(uncountable, Ancient Greece, philosophy) Diogenes (Ancient Greek philosopher and one of the founders of Cynicism)


Old Nick

Originally 17th century. Apparently a special use of the forename Nick, perhaps in jocular or contrastive reference to Saint Nicholas. Alternatively, it may be derived from nicker, or some other derivative of Old English nicor (“water demon”).

He sat down in the middle of the floor, took his chalk out and marked a large ring around him, and round about this he wrote the Lord's Prayer, and then he did not feel afraid even if Old Nick himself should come.

1886, Peter Christen Asbjørnsen, translated by H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales, page 158:


au-delà

Il est allé rejoindre ses proches dans l’au-delà.

He went to join his loved ones in the afterlife.


archdevil

/ɑɹt͡ʃˈdɛvəl/

/ɑɹt͡ʃˈdɛvɪl/

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-archdevil.wav

From the context and other parts of the work, we are to understand that the demons here described are the personal friends of our sovereign, and that the archdevil was the mother of our sovereign.

1802, The Anti-Jacobin Review and Magazine, Volume 12, Open Court Publishing Company, page 30:

In short, it is purely the work of the devil that they are doing, and especially that of the archdevil, who presides at Muhlhausen, and directs nothing but robbery, murder and bloodshed.

1841, George Waddington, A History of the Reformation on the Continent: In Three Volumes, Duncan and Malcolm, page 155:

A spirit of ultraism seems to pervade the whole community. The language of Milton's archdevil "Evil, be thou my good" is the creed of modern reformers, or, in other words — anything for a change. What is to come of all this, I have not wisdom even to guess. It is an age of transition and whether you and I live to see the elements of the moral and political world at rest, is, I think, extretmely doubtful.

1851, Henry Rowe Schoolcraft, Personal Memoirs of a Residence of Thirty Years with the Indian Tribes on the American Frontiers: With Brief Notices of Passing Events, Facts, and Opinions, A.D. 1812 to A.D. 1842, Lippincott, Grambo and Company, page 517:

The bishops in question were described as archdevils, priests of Baal, standard-bearers of the Balaamites, and children of perdition.

1896, Marvin Richardson Vincent, The Age of Hildebrand, Christian Literature Company, page 267:

They are archdevils. Partake not of anything from their hands. Now I shall sell myself and do this act if only I have thee at my back.

1940, United States Congress, The Madras Law Journal, page 813:

(theology, rare, religion, fantasy, science fiction) A chief or reigning devil.


distribute

en-verb

distribute (third-person singular simple present distributes, present participle distributing, simple past and past participle distributed)

distributes (present singular third-person)
distributing (participle present)
distributed (participle past)
distributed (past)
distribute (infinitive)

PIE word
 *tréyes
From Latin distributus, past participle of distribuere (“to divide, distribute”), from dis- (“apart”) + tribuere (“to give, impart”); see tribute.

A term is said to be distributed when it is taken universal, so as to stand for everything it is capable of being applied to.

1826, Richard Whately, Elements of Logic:

(logic) To employ (a term) in its whole extent; to take as universal in one premise.


obverse

(logic) A proposition obtained by obversion, e.g. All men are mortal => No man is immortal.


aretology

(philosophy) The part of moral philosophy that deals with virtue, its nature, and how to attain it.


consistency

en-noun

consistency (countable and uncountable, plural consistencies)

a foolish consistency is the hobgoblin of little minds

(logic) Freedom from contradiction; the state of a system of axioms such that none of the propositions deduced from them are mutually contradictory.


energia

energia (nominative singular)
energie (nominative plural)
energii (genitive singular)
energii (genitive plural)
energij (archaic genitive plural)
energii (dative singular)
energiom (dative plural)
energię (accusative singular)
energie (accusative plural)
energią (instrumental singular)
energiami (instrumental plural)
energii (locative singular)
energiach (locative plural)
energio (singular vocative)
energie (plural vocative)

Internationalism; possibly borrowed from German Energie or French énergie, ultimately from Latin energīa. First attested in 1606. Compare Kashubian energiô and Silesian ynergijŏ.

ref

Rozmowa o rokoszu (in Polish), 1606, page 111: “Nuż co była sama energia, sama medulla rokoszu tego, na żołnierza utriusque partis i na sługi senatorskie i panięce: »Kto cnotliwy, do braciej!« nie zawołano.”

(Ancient Greece, philosophy) energy (form as opposed to matter as potency)


mendacity

en-noun

mendacity (countable and uncountable, plural mendacities)

From Late Latin mendacitas, from Latin mendāx (“deceitful, deceptive, lying”) + -itās (suffix forming nouns indicating a state of being). Mendāx is derived from mentior (“to deceive, lie”) (from mēns, mentis (“mind; intellect; judgment, reasoning”), from Proto-Indo-European *méntis (“thought”)) + -āx (suffix forming adjectives expressing a tendency or inclination), or from Proto-Indo-European *mend- (“to fault”).

suffix

Mendacity is not a uniform offence: it changes its colour according to the nature and substance of the offence to which it is rendered or endeavoured to be rendered subservient. Mendacity, employed in drawing down upon an innocent head the destroying sword of justice, is murder: murder, encompassed with all its correspondent terror. Mendacity, employed in the obtainment of money, is but depredation. Yet, while predatory mendacity is punished with death, the punishment for the murderous mendacity is in comparison but a flea-bite.

1817, Jeremy Bentham, “Swear Not at All. Mat[thew] v. 34.”, in “Swear Not at All:” Containing an Exposure of the Needlessness and Mischievousness, as well as Antichristianity, of the Ceremony of an Oath: …, London: Sold by R. Hunter, St. Paul's Churchyard, →OCLC, § 14 (Succedanea—True Securities Substitutible to this False One), pages 75–76:

[…] Treating the assertion of the witness as the effect, he [Pierre-Simon Laplace] considers as its two possible causes, the veracity or mendacity of the witness on the particular occasion, that is, the truth or falsity of the fact.

1843, John Stuart Mill, “Of the Grounds of Disbelief”, in A System of Logic, Ratiocinative and Inductive, being a Connected View of the Principles of Evidence, and the Methods of Scientific Investigation. […], volume II, London: John W[illiam] Parker, […], →OCLC, § 5, page 196:

Big Daddy: […] Think of all the lies I got to put up with!—Pretenses! Ain't that mendacity? Having to pretend stuff you don't think or feel or have any idea of?

1955 March 24 (first performance), Tennessee Williams [pseudonym; Thomas Lanier Williams III], Cat on a Hot Tin Roof, published in Jack Gaver, editor, Critics’ Choice: New York Drama Critics’ Circle Prize Plays 1935–55, New York, N.Y.: Hawthorn Books, 1955, →OCLC, Act II, page 652, column 2

So now the hard Brexiters say, with astonishingly cynical mendacity, that Britain would be better off going it alone.

2017 March 27, “The Observer view on triggering article 50: As Britain hurtles towards the precipice, truth and democracy are in short supply”, in The Observer, London, archived from the original on 2017-05-17:

A shifty or unreliable politician may hide their mendacity behind deceit, fabrication on confabulation, or by rehearsed counter-attack that simply ignores the questions but makes imputations against the other.

2019 March 23, Jack Waterford, “Prime Minister's ever-diminishing credibility”, in The Canberra Times, Canberra:

(uncountable) The fact or condition of being untruthful; dishonesty.

лъжливост

The scandalous bronze-lacker age, of hungry animalisms, spiritual impotencies and mendacities, will have to run its course, till the Pit swallow it.

1858, Thomas Carlyle, “Visit to Dresden”, in History of Friedrich II. of Prussia, Called Frederick the Great. … In Four Volumes, volume II, London: Chapman and Hall, 193 Piccadilly, →OCLC, book VI, page 30:

Though the rebels had utterly failed in their purposes, having accomplished nothing but the temporary disabling of two lightly armed vessels, and had retreated before the approach of the only formidable vessel there, they formally, and with a mendacity equalled only by some of their own efforts in that direction, proclaimed that they had "driven out of sight, for a time, the entire hostile fleet," and that the blockade of the port of Charleston was raised.

1875, John Howard Hinton, Samuel L[orenzo] Knapp, John O. Choules, William A. Crafts, chapter CXXXIII, in History of the United States of America, from the First Settlement of the Country. By John Howard Hinton, A.M. With Additions by Samuel L. Knapp, Esq., and John O. Choules, D.D. And a Continuation from the Inauguration of President Pierce to the Inauguraion of President Grant. By William A. Crafts, A.M., volume III, Boston, Mass.: Samuel Walker and Company, →OCLC, page 481, column 1:

He would have you believe that every error we make is deliberate, that journalists have somehow ginned up a unified conspiracy of lies and mendacities against him.

2018, Jack Shafer, “Donald Trump’s Fake News Mistake”, in Politico:

(countable) A deceit, falsehood, or lie.


one-sided

en-adj

one-sided (comparative more one-sided, superlative most one-sided)

more one-sided (comparative)
most one-sided (superlative)

(logic, of a modality) That is necessarily or absolutely different than the respective coordinate alethic or temporal modality, but not its opposite.


intentional

intentional (comparative more intentional, superlative most intentional)

more intentional (comparative)
most intentional (superlative)

[ɪnˈtʰɛnʃn̩ɫ̩]

Borrowed from Medieval Latin intentiōnālis. By surface analysis, intention + -al.

bor+

(philosophy, obsolete) Object to intention, only appearing due to wilful perception.


intentional

[ɪnˈtʰɛnʃn̩ɫ̩]

(philosophy, archaic) Something that has no essential underlying structure but apparition only as defined by perception; object only because consciousness is directed to it.


necromancer

/ˈnɛkɹəˌmænsɚ/

An alteration of nigromancer; equivalent to necro- + -mancer.

Necromancers were thought to have the power of restoring activity to the dead, either temporarily or permanently[.]

1936, Rollo Ahmed, The Black Art, London: Long, page 52:

A person who practices or performs necromancy.


implicate

Borrowed from Latin implicatus < implico (“entangle, involve”), from plico (“fold”). Doublet of imply and employ.


romantic

en-adj

romantic (comparative more romantic, superlative most romantic)

more romantic (comparative)
most romantic (superlative)

/ɹəʊˈmæntɪk/

From romant + -ic, or borrowed from Late Latin romanticus (“(of a poem) having qualities of a romance”). Compare French romantique, which is borrowed from English. Also compare Spanish romántico, Portuguese romântico, Italian romantico, Dutch romantisch, and German romantisch and Romantiker (“a composer of Romantic music”), all of which are borrowed from English or French.

lbor

Elsewhere, I describe that, in addition to an asexual identity, another salient identity for asexual individuals may be a romantic or aromantic identity, which designates an interest (or lack thereof) in monogamous, intimate relationships (Scherrer, 2008).

2010, Kristin S. Scherrer, “Asexual Relationships: What Does Asexuality Have to Do with Polyamory?”, in Meg Barker, Darren Langdridge, editors, Understanding Non-Monogamies, New York, N.Y., London: Routledge, →ISBN, page 154:

What is relatively “new” is the formation of communities around the common language of asexuality as it is understood today—communities in which new categories exist around the concept of asexuality or “being ace,” where people can discuss romantic or aromantic orientations in relation to or apart from sexual desires or non-desires.

2014, Karli June Cerankowski, Megan Milks, “Introduction: Why Asexuality? Why Now?”, in Asexualities: Feminist and Queer Perspectives (Routledge Research in Gender and Society), New York, N.Y., London: Routledge, →ISBN, page 2:

Grayromantic asexual people are between romantic and aromantic and less likely to experience romantic attraction compared to most people.

2019, Julie Xuemei Hu, Shondrah Tarrezz Nash, “Sexuality and Sexual Relationships throughout Life”, in Marriage and the Family: Mirror of a Diverse Global Society, Routledge, →ISBN:


forma

pl-noun

forma f (diminutive foremka, related adjective formowy)

foremka (diminutive)
formowy (adjective)
forma (nominative singular)
formy (nominative plural)
formy (genitive singular)
form (genitive plural)
formie (dative singular)
formom (dative plural)
formę (accusative singular)
formy (accusative plural)
formą (instrumental singular)
formami (instrumental plural)
formie (locative singular)
formach (locative plural)
formo (singular vocative)
formy (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: fòrma

(philosophy) form (inherent nature of an object; that which the mind itself contributes as the condition of knowing; that in which the essence of a thing consists)


deconstruction

en-noun

deconstruction (countable and uncountable, plural deconstructions)

(philosophy, literature) A philosophical theory of textual criticism; a form of critical analysis that emphasizes inquiry into the variable projection of the meaning and message of critical works, the meaning in relation to the reader and the intended audience, and the assumptions implicit in the embodied forms of expression.

αποδομισμός

a philosophical theory of textual criticism


zoophilia

zoophilia (countable and uncountable, plural zoophilias)

/ˈzəʊ.əʊfɪliə/

For quotations using this term, see Citations:zoophilia.

(uncommon, chiefly derogatory) Excessive fondness for animals.


baiser

Inherited from Middle French baiser, from Old French baisier, from Latin bāsiāre (“to kiss”).
As far as the verb is concerned, the meaning "fuck" arose via euphemism and has become the dominant sense.

Par le baiser que me donne ma pauvre Modeste, je devine ce qui se passe en elle : si elle a reçu ce qu’elle attend, ou si elle est inquiète. Il y a bien des nuances dans les baisers, même dans ceux d’une fille innocente, […]

By the kiss my Modeste gives me I can guess what is passing within her. I know whether she has received what she was looking for, or whether she is uneasy or expectant. There are many gradations in a kiss, even in that of an innocent young girl, […]


xenophilia

While it may appear that Sturgeon has thus become an advocate of homoeroticism, incest, xenophilia, and other exotic or decadent sexual practices, he remains committed rather to the ideals of understanding and tolerance.

1983, Frank Northen Magill, Survey of modern fantasy literature, Volume 4, Salem Press, →ISBN, page 1707:

An alien—seemingly just a tourist—lands in the middle of Washington, assumes human, male form, and is adopted by four college kids for fun and sex. The story is told in snatches of dialogue and scraps of poetry (the title is from e.e. cummings), and is all goofy juxtapositions, happy xenophilia, and affection for the enthusiastic and accepting youth.

2007, Julie Phillips, James Tiptree, Jr.: The Double Life of Alice B. Sheldon, →ISBN, page 300:

Xenophilia (header) From a young age, even before I knew what sex was, I always had a thing for girls. Alien girls I mean — Alorians in particular. I broke out in a sweat every time I saw them. They were so beautiful.

2012, Mark Guinane, Horizon's Edge, →ISBN, page 303:

(science fiction) love (especially sexual love) between humans and extraterrestrials


ontic

en-adj

ontic (comparative more ontic, superlative most ontic)

more ontic (comparative)
most ontic (superlative)

From Ancient Greek ὄν (ón, “being, existing, essence”) (stem ὄντ- (ónt-)) + -ic.

der

My descriptions are ontical—addressing the world we inhabit, the what and where and how and why of objects therein; my questions are not ontological in the sense of struggling (vainly) to answer the question of the being of things tout court.

2015, Bill Brown, Other Things, Univ of Chicago Press, →ISBN:

Pertaining to being, as opposed to pertaining to a theory of it (which would be ontological).


unrequited love

To her mind, a girl who would tell of the unrequited love of a man for herself, was unspeakably base.

1912, Eleanor H. Porter, chapter 27, in Miss Billy's Decision:

Love that is not reciprocated, even though reciprocation is desired.

անպատասխան սեր

love that is not reciprocated, even though reciprocation is desired


Americophilia

An affection for, or interest in things related to the United States

親美派

an affection for, or interest in things related to the United States


polycontexturality

Gotthard Gunther coined the term. His school of second-order cybernetics is the foundation of polycontextural logic.

(philosophy) A school of thought regarding subjectivity, involving a large number of contexts and viewpoints that cannot be reconciled.


loved

en-adj

loved (comparative more loved, superlative most loved)

more loved (comparative)
most loved (superlative)

From Middle English loved, luvd, from Old English lufode, first and third person singular past indicative of lufian; and Middle English loved, iloved, from Old English ġelufod, past participle of lufian; both equivalent to love + -ed.

1997, Charlie W. Shedd, How to Make People Really Feel Loved: And Other Life-Giving Observations, Vine Books, →ISBN:

1999, Valerie Grove, Laurie Lee: The Well-Loved Stranger, Penguin Books, published 2001, →ISBN:


sophocracy

(philosophy) Political rule by philosophers.


mechanism

en-noun

mechanism (countable and uncountable, plural mechanisms)

→ Welsh: mecanism

Learned borrowing from New Latin mechanismus, from Ancient Greek μηχανή (mēkhanḗ, “machine”).

der

(philosophy) The theory that all natural phenomena can be explained by physical causes.

mekanismi

philosophy: theory that all natural phenomena can be explained by physical causes


romance

en-noun

romance (countable and uncountable, plural romances)

→ Japanese: ロマンス

→ Korean: 로맨스 (romaenseu)

From Middle English romauns, roumance, borrowed from Anglo-Norman and Old French romanz, romans (the vernacular language of France, as opposed to Latin), from Medieval Latin rōmānicē, Vulgar Latin rōmānicē (“in the Roman language”, adverb), from Latin rōmānicus (“roman”, adj) from rōmānus (“a Roman”). Doublet of Romansch.

der

An intimate relationship between two people; a love affair.


possibilism

en-noun

possibilism (countable and uncountable, plural possibilisms)

From Latin possibilis (“that can be done”), from posse (“be able”), + -ism.

(philosophy) The belief that possible things exist, as well as actual things.


comprehension

comprehension (countable and uncountable, plural comprehensions)

/ˌkɒmpɹɪˈhɛnʃn̩/

/ˌkɑmpɹɪˈhɛnʃn̩/

Borrowed from Middle French compréhension, from Latin comprehensiō (“taking together”), from com- (“with, together”) + prehendō (“take”).

af

(logic) The totality of intensions, that is, attributes, characters, marks, properties, or qualities, that the object possesses, or else the totality of intensions that are pertinent to the context of a given discussion.


immanent

en-adj

immanent (comparative more immanent, superlative most immanent)

more immanent (comparative)
most immanent (superlative)

Entered English around 1530, via French, from Late Latin immanēns, present participle of Latin immanēre, from im- (“in”) + manēre (“to dwell, remain, stay”). Cognate with remain and manor.

(philosophy) Of something which has always already been.

(philosophy, metaphysics, theology, of a deity) Existing within and throughout the mind and the world; dwelling within and throughout all things, all time, etc. Compare transcendent.

At the same time it has been common, and we intend to show that it is important, to distinguish one class of volitions from another. Those which terminate on some action of our own, have been called deliberate acts — and imperate acts of the will, and not unfrequently determinate acts — because they are more the result of deliberation, and determine and govern the action on which they fix; while those which contemplate no action as their immediate result, are called immanent acts of the will. They remain in the mind, and do not flow out into action.

1846, James Richards, Lectures on Mental Philosophy and Theology:

(philosophy, of a mental act) Taking place entirely within the mind of the subject and having no effect outside of it. Compare emanant, transeunt.


immanent

fr-adj

immanent (feminine immanente, masculine plural immanents, feminine plural immanentes)

immanente (feminine)
immanents (masculine plural)
immanentes (feminine plural)

Learned borrowing from Ecclesiastical Latin immanēns.

lbor

Coordinate term: transcendant


cordate

Leaf shape
Two Dogmas of Empiricism
Willard Van Orman Quine

From the substantivation of the above adjective, alternatively straight from Latin cor(d) (“heart”) + -ate (noun-forming suffix).

af

If, for instance, the context:

1970, Willard Van Orman Quine, Philosophy of Logic, pages 8–9:

The organisms in any sample of tigers will almost always happen to exemplify genetic properties more specific than the property shared by exactly the tigers, as well as a number of more inclusive ones such as properties common to all mammals or to all cordates.

2002, Timothy McCarthy, Radical Interpretation and Indeterminacy, page 124:

Sciences of cordates — creatures with hearts — are, for example, less general or comprehensive than sciences of living things, and the latter are less comprehensive and general than sciences of moving things.

2008, Peter Loptson, Freedom, Nature, and World, page 78:

It is the coextension problem, the problem of the renates and the cordates, the creatures with kidneys and the creatures with hearts.

2012, K. Mulligan, Language, Truth and Ontology, page 16:

However, the property of being a cordate and the property of being a renate are different properties; the former has something to do with hearts and the latter has something to do with kidneys.

2021, Ken Akiba, “Vaguenss from the philosophical point of view”, in Apostolos Syropoulos, Basil K. Papadopoulos, editors, Vagueness in the Exact Sciences, page 6:


multiverse

First appears c. 1895. Blend of multiple + universe, coined by American philosopher William James. By surface analysis, multi- + -verse.

coined

Visible nature is all plasticity and indifference, a multiverse, as one might call it, and not a universe.

1895 October, William James, “Is Life Worth Living?”, in International Journal of Ethics, page 10:

I've never gone through a place like Racine without thinking which house with the rubber-tire swing for kids and piano-practicing inside was like Stiva Lausch's, who had two daughters brought up with every refinement, including piano lessons, and how such little-speaking Odessa-bred sons had gotten on a track like this through the multiverse.

1953, Saul Bellow, chapter 6, in The Adventures of Augie March, New York: Viking Press, →OCLC, pages 94–95:

(philosophy) The world, considered as lacking in purpose, design, or predictability.


trivial

en-adj

trivial (comparative more trivial, superlative most trivial)

more trivial (comparative)
most trivial (superlative)

PIE word
 *tréyes
* From Latin triviālis (“appropriate to the street-corner, commonplace, vulgar”), from trivium (“place where three roads meet”). Compare trivium, trivia.
* From the distinction between trivium (“the lower division of the liberal arts; grammar, logic and rhetoric”) and quadrivium (“the higher division of the seven liberal arts in the Middle Ages, composed of geometry, astronomy, arithmetic, and music”).

трывія́льны

(mathematics) of being the simplest possible case

(philosophy) Indistinguishable in case of truth or falsity.


disjunctive

en-adj

disjunctive (comparative more disjunctive, superlative most disjunctive)

more disjunctive (comparative)
most disjunctive (superlative)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-disjunctive.wav

From Middle English disjunctief, disjunctyf, from Middle French disjunctif and Latin disjunctīvus (“placed in opposition”).

der

An opposition of contrariety is not of purely logical concernment; and a disjunctive syllogism with characters opposed in contrariety, in fact, consists of as many pure disjunctive syllogisms as there are opposing predicates.

1873, Sir William Hamilton, Lectures on Metaphysics and Logic, page 235:


disjunctive

L. H. Atwater
Disjunctives may be turned into conditionals.


conjunctive

From Latin coniunctivus (“serving to connect”), from coniunctus, past participle of coniungere; compare conjoin. From late 15th c; grammatical sense from 1660s.

uder

(logic) Of or relating to logical conjunction.

konjunktiivinen

logic: of or relating to logical conjunction


elle

elle (nominative singular)
elles (nominative plural)
elli (accusative singular)
elles (accusative plural)
elles (genitive singular)
eļļu (genitive plural)
ellei (dative singular)
ellēm (dative plural)
elli (instrumental singular)
ellēm (instrumental plural)
ellē (locative singular)
ellēs (locative plural)
elle (singular vocative)
elles (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Middle Dutch elle or Middle Low German helle (compare German Hölle, English hell). It is mentioned already in 16th-century literature and 17th-century dictionaries.

(theology) hell (in many religions, the place where some or all souls go after death)


intuition

Borrowed from Medieval Latin intuītiōnem.

bor+

(uncountable, philosophy) intuition (cognitive faculty)


whopper

When he got done telling it there was one of them uncomfortable silences that comes, you know, when a person has been telling a whopper and you feel sorry for him and wish you could think of some way to change the subject and let him down easy, […]

1894, Mark Twain, chapter XII, in Tom Sawyer Abroad:

Coming out with a whopper now. Rhapsodies about damn all. Believes his own lies. Does really. Wonderful liar. But want a good memory.

1922 February, James Joyce, Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC:

Isuzu Inc. hit pay dirt in the late '80s with its series of “Joe Isuzu” spots, featuring an oily, Satanic-looking salesman who told whoppers about Isuzu's genuine llama-skin upholstery and ability to run on tapwater.

1997 [1990], David Foster Wallace, “E Unibus Pluram: Television and U.S. Fiction”, in A Supposedly Fun Thing I’ll Never Do Again: Essays and Arguments, Boston, Mass.: Little, Brown and Company, →ISBN:

(informal) An outrageous or blatant lie.


sempiternity

From sempitern(al) + -ity, from Latin sempiternitas.

(philosophy, theology) Existence within time but infinitely into the future, as opposed to eternity, understood as existence outside time.


sempiternal

From Old French sempiternel, from Medieval Latin sempiternālis, from Latin sempiternus, a contraction of semperæternus, from semper (“always”) + æternus (“eternal”).

(philosophy) Everlasting, that is, having infinite temporal duration (as opposed to eternal: outside time and thus lacking temporal duration altogether).


dilemo

eo-head

dilemo (accusative singular dilemon, plural dilemoj, accusative plural dilemojn)

dilemon (accusative singular)
dilemoj (plural)
dilemojn (accusative plural)

From Late Latin dilemma, from Ancient Greek δίλημμα (dílēmma, “ambiguous proposition”).

der

dilemma (a difficult circumstance or problem)


gynephilia

From Ancient Greek; equivalent to gyne- + -philia; see gyne.

The love of women; a sexual attraction to women, in general; female-oriented teleiophilia.


Elysian Fields

Calque of Latin Campī Ēlysiī, from Ancient Greek Ἠλῠ́σῐον Πεδῐ́ον (Ēlúsion Pedíon). By surface analysis, Elysian + fields.

Ἠλῠ́σῐον Πεδῐ́ον

Indeed, the Elysian Fields themselves were a part of Hades, though they have since been removed to Paris.

1911, Ambrose Bierce, “Hades”, in The Devil’s Dictionary, New York, N.Y., Washington, D.C.: The Neale Publishing Company, →OCLC, page 127:

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) Elysium; home of the blessed, after death.

Ելիսեյան մարգագետիններ

home of the blessed after death in Greek and Roman mythology — see also Elysium


dialectical

en-adj

dialectical (comparative more dialectical, superlative most dialectical)

more dialectical (comparative)
most dialectical (superlative)

From Latin dialecticus + -al. By surface analysis, dialectic + -al.

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-dialectical.wav

Of or pertaining to dialectic; (in philosophy) logically reasoned through the exchange of opposing ideas.


residence

en-noun

residence (countable and uncountable, plural residences)

From Middle English residence, from Old French residence, from Medieval Latin residentia, from residēns, present participle of resideō, equivalent to reside + -ence.


gravitas

la-noun

gravitās f (genitive gravitātis); third declension

gravitās (canonical feminine)
gravitātis (genitive)
gravitās (nominative singular)
gravitātēs (nominative plural)
gravitātis (genitive singular)
gravitātum (genitive plural)
gravitātī (dative singular)
gravitātibus (dative plural)
gravitātem (accusative singular)
gravitātēs (accusative plural)
gravitāte (ablative singular)
gravitātibus (ablative plural)
gravitās (singular vocative)
gravitātēs (plural vocative)

Aromanian: griutati

Catalan: gravetat

→ Dutch: graviteit

→ English: gravitas, gravity

→ French: gravité

→ Romanian: gravitate

Galician: gravidade

→ German: Gravität

Italian: grevità, → gravità

Old French: grieté

→ Portuguese: gravidade

Romanian: greutate

Spanish: gravedad

[ˈɡräu̯ɪt̪äːs̠]


Gödel's incompleteness theorem

en-proper noun

Gödel's incompleteness theorem (plural Gödel's incompleteness theorems)

Gödel's incompleteness theorems (plural)

(logic, mathematics) One of two theorems in mathematical logic that demonstrates the inherent limitations of every formal axiomatic system containing basic arithmetic.


imputation

en-noun

imputation (countable and uncountable, plural imputations)

From Middle French imputation, from Latin imputatio.

the imputation of the sin of Adam

the imputation of the righteousness of Christ

So, if a Sonne that is by his Father ſent about Merchandize, doe ſinfully miſcarry vpon the Sea; the imputation of his vvickedneſſe, by your rule, ſhould be impoſed vpon his Father that ſent him: […]

1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i], page 84, column 2:

(theology) A setting of something to the account of; the attribution of personal guilt or personal righteousness of another.


completeness

completeness (usually uncountable, plural completenesses)

THEOREM 37°. (Gödel's completeness theorem 1930.) In the predicate calculus H:
(a) If ⊨F [or even if א₀-⊨F], then ⊢F. If E_1,...,E_k⊨F [or even if E_1,...,E_kא₀-⊨F], then E_1,...,E_k⊢F.
(b) […]

2002, Stephen Cole Kleene, Mathematical Logic, Mineola, New York: Dover Publications, page 314

(logic) The property of a logical theory that whenever a wff is valid then it must also be a theorem. Symbolically, letting T represent a theory within logic L, this can be represented as the property that whenever T⊨ϕ is true, then T⊢ϕ must also be true, for any wff φ of logic L.


consistent

en-adj

consistent (comparative more consistent, superlative most consistent)

more consistent (comparative)
most consistent (superlative)

Borrowed from Latin cōnsistēntem, present participle of cōnsistō (“to agree with; to continue”), from con- (prefix indicating a being or bringing together of several objects) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“beside, by, near, with”)) + sistō (“to cause to stand; to place, set”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *stísteh₂ti (“to be standing up; to be getting up”), from the root *steh₂- (“to stand (up)”)).

der

When we ask whether ideas or terms are consistent or inconsistent with each other, the question really is, in what manner the relation presupposed between the ideas qualifies them for being combined as terms of a judgment.

1857, William Spalding, “Introduction”, in An Introduction to Logical Science: Being a Reprint of the Article “Logic” from the Eighth Edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica, Edinburgh: Adam and Charles Black, chapter II (The Function and Axioms of Logical Science), paragraph 12(2), pages 22–23:

Part of establishing a foundation for geometry was demonstrating that the axioms were consistent – that they could never lead to contradictions.

2008, Charles Petzold, “Centuries of Progress”, in The Annotated Turing: A Guided Tour through Alan Turing’s Historic Paper on Computability and the Turing Machine, Indianapolis, Ind.: Wiley Publishing, →ISBN, page 39:

(logic) Of a set of statements: such that no contradiction logically follows from them.


veterinary surgeon

en-noun

veterinary surgeon (plural veterinary surgeons)

A doctor who practices veterinary medicine; a vet.


amoureux

fr-adj

amoureux (feminine amoureuse, masculine plural amoureux, feminine plural amoureuses)

amoureuse (feminine)
amoureux (masculine plural)
amoureuses (feminine plural)

→ German: amourös

Inherited from Middle French amoureux, from Old French amoreus, amereus, from Vulgar Latin *amōrōsus, derived from Latin amōrem (“love”, noun). Compare English amorous, borrowed from Middle French. Doublet of amoroso, borrowed from Italian.

Je suis amoureux de toi


amoureux

head

amoureux m (feminine singular amoureuse, masculine plural amoureux, feminine plural amoureuses)

amoureuse (feminine singular)
amoureux (masculine plural)
amoureuses (feminine plural)

French: amoureux

→ English: amoureux

→ German: amourös


amour

en-noun

amour (countable and uncountable, plural amours)

Inherited from Middle English amour, from Middle French amour, from Old French amor, from Latin amor.
The modern pronunciation is due to continual French influence; the expected development would be /ˈæmə(ɹ)/, as seen in enamour, enamoured.

Jones had mentioned the Fact of his Amour, and of his being the Rival of Blifil, but had cautiously concealed the Name of the young Lady.

1749, Henry Fielding, “A Dialogue between Mr. Jones and the Barber”, in The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, volume III, London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, book VIII, page 180:

The amours of the greater scaup are, if anything, even more varied.

1990 October 26, Jerry Sullivan, “Field & Street”, in Chicago Reader:


amour

Inherited from Middle French amour, from Old French amor, from Latin amor. The regular phonetic development would be ameur, attested in Old French; there has probably been an influence from Old Occitan.

J’ai deux amours / Mon pays et Paris

1931, “J’ai deux amours”, performed by Josephine Baker:

Ô mon Amour/ Mes pensées sont en voyage / Elles s’enroulent comme un ruban / O my love I’ve been searching / But I don’t know how / To find my way in the world without you

2008, Cécile Corbel (lyrics and music), “Where have you been”, in Songbook vol. 3 - renaissance (CD), Brittany: Keltia Musique:

O my Love / My thoughts are wandering / They wind like a ribbon / O my love I’ve been searching / But I don’t know how / To find my way in the world without you


amour

English: amour, amor

Middle Scots: amour

Borrowed from Middle French amour, from Old French amor, from Latin amor.
Sense 3 could be due to the influence of Middle French ameur (“lover”), from Old French ameor, from Latin amātor, but may instead be a semantic development from the first two senses; compare love (“love, lover”).


amour

I' vit d'amour et de belles chànsons—coum' les alouettes de roques.

1903, Edgar MacCulloch, “Proverbs, Weather Sayings, etc.”, in Guernsey Folk Lore, page 542:

He lives on love and fine songs—as larks do on stones.


apodosis

Learned borrowing from Late Latin apodosis, itself borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀπόδοσις (apódosis).

lbor

Coordinate term: protasis

In "I will be coming if this weather holds up", "I will be coming" is the apodosis and "this weather holds up" is the protasis.

1943 Dornford Yates An Eye for a Tooth
"If, after that, there is anything more to be done. . ."
"Yes?"
"You’d ----well better do it," said Forecast.
The meaning with which he invested this blunt apodosis was unmistakable. Even I, an eavesdropper, found it most sinister: and I was not surprised when, after a little silence, the other turned on his heel and led the way to the road.

1997 Angeliki Athanasiadou, René Dirven (eds) On Conditionals Again p. 309 by Hansjakob Seiler
There is furthermore the claim that conditionals necessarily involve a causal relation from protasis to apodosis. This may hold for the "conjunctive" types signalling a natural consequence from protasis to apodosis, but becomes increasingly unlikely as we approach disjunctive structures of the type. "May I perish most miserably, if I do not love Xanthia." does not mean "May I perish most miserably, because I do not love Xanthia."

(logic, grammar) The consequential clause in a conditional sentence.

جَوَابُ الشَّرْط

the consequential clause in a conditional sentence


vicious circle

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-vicious circle.wav

(logic) A fallacy in which the premise is used to prove a conclusion which is then used to prove the premise.


vicious

head

vicious (plural and weak singular viciouse)

viciouse (plural)
viciouse (singular weak)

English: vicious

Scots: veecious

Borrowed from Anglo-Norman vicious, from Latin vitiōsus; equivalent to vice + -ous.

(rare) Injurious, dangerous; causing serious harm.


volition

Borrowed from Medieval Latin volitiōnem (“will, volition”), from Latin volō (“to wish, to will”).


lógica

Borrowed from Latin logica, from Ancient Greek λογική (logikḗ, “logic”), from the feminine form of λογικός (logikós, “of or pertaining to speech or reason or reasoning, rational, reasonable”), from λόγος (lógos, “speech, reason”).


lógico

es-adj

lógico (feminine lógica, masculine plural lógicos, feminine plural lógicas)

lógica (feminine)
lógicos (masculine plural)
lógicas (feminine plural)


theorem

/ˈθiː.ə.ɹəm/

From Middle French théorème, from Late Latin theōrēma, from Ancient Greek θεώρημα (theṓrēma, “speculation, proposition to be proved”) (Euclid), from θεωρέω (theōréō, “I look at, view, consider, examine”), from θεωρός (theōrós, “spectator”), from θέα (théa, “a view”) + ὁράω (horáō, “I see, look”). See also theory, and theater.

der

Appendix:Roget MICRA thesaurus/Class IV § 454. Topic

(logic) A syntactically correct expression that is deducible from the given axioms of a deductive system.


pecar

pt-verb

pecar (first-person singular present peco, first-person singular preterite pequei, past participle pecado)

peco (first-person present singular)
pequei (first-person preterite singular)
pecado (participle past)
pecar (impersonal infinitive)
pecar (first-person infinitive singular)
pecares (infinitive second-person singular)
pecar (infinitive singular third-person)
pecarmos (first-person infinitive plural)
pecardes (infinitive plural second-person)
pecarem (infinitive plural third-person)
pecando (gerund)
pecado (masculine participle past singular)
pecados (masculine participle past plural)
pecada (feminine participle past singular)
pecadas (feminine participle past plural)
peco (first-person indicative present singular)
pecas (indicative present second-person singular)
peca (indicative present singular third-person)
pecamos (first-person indicative plural present)
pecais (indicative plural present second-person)
pecam (indicative plural present third-person)
pecava (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
pecavas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
pecava (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
pecávamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
pecáveis (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
pecavam (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
pequei (first-person indicative preterite singular)
pecaste (indicative preterite second-person singular)
pecou (indicative preterite singular third-person)
pecamos (Brazil first-person indicative plural preterite)
pecámos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
pecastes (indicative plural preterite second-person)
pecaram (indicative plural preterite third-person)
pecara (first-person indicative pluperfect singular)
pecaras (indicative pluperfect second-person singular)
pecara (indicative pluperfect singular third-person)
pecáramos (first-person indicative pluperfect plural)
pecáreis (indicative pluperfect plural second-person)
pecaram (indicative pluperfect plural third-person)
pecarei (first-person future indicative singular)
pecarás (future indicative second-person singular)
pecará (future indicative singular third-person)
pecaremos (first-person future indicative plural)
pecareis (future indicative plural second-person)
pecarão (future indicative plural third-person)
pecaria (conditional first-person singular)
pecarias (conditional second-person singular)
pecaria (conditional singular third-person)
pecaríamos (conditional first-person plural)
pecaríeis (conditional plural second-person)
pecariam (conditional plural third-person)
peque (first-person present singular subjunctive)
peques (present second-person singular subjunctive)
peque (present singular subjunctive third-person)
pequemos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
pequeis (plural present second-person subjunctive)
pequem (plural present subjunctive third-person)
pecasse (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
pecasses (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
pecasse (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
pecássemos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
pecásseis (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
pecassem (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
pecar (first-person future singular subjunctive)
pecares (future second-person singular subjunctive)
pecar (future singular subjunctive third-person)
pecarmos (first-person future plural subjunctive)
pecardes (future plural second-person subjunctive)
pecarem (future plural subjunctive third-person)
peca (imperative second-person singular)
peque (imperative singular third-person)
pequemos (first-person imperative plural)
pecai (imperative plural second-person)
pequem (imperative plural third-person)
não peques (imperative negative second-person singular)
não peque (imperative negative singular third-person)
não pequemos (first-person imperative negative plural)
não pequeis (imperative negative plural second-person)
não pequem (imperative negative plural third-person)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese pecar, from Latin peccāre (“to sin”).


utilitarian

en-adj

utilitarian (comparative more utilitarian, superlative most utilitarian)

more utilitarian (comparative)
most utilitarian (superlative)

General American, Mary–marry–merry merger

From utility + -arian. Coined by English philosopher Jeremy Bentham as early as 1781, and popularized by his student John Stuart Mill, who mistakenly attributed the term to John Galt.


inconsistency

en-noun

inconsistency (countable and uncountable, plural inconsistencies)

(logic) An incompatibility between two propositions that cannot both be true.


code of conduct

code of conduct (plural codes of conduct)

What use have I ever had from this religion that has been dinned into me? It gave me false ideas of the world and nature which I have had to unlearn. It gave me an unworkable code of conduct which I never tried to follow, but I got into trouble for it.

1901, Harold Fielding, The Hearts of Men:

In spite of the maturity of his years and of the savage rigidity of the mould that had formed him, his nature was undergoing an expansion. There was a burgeoning within him of strange feelings and unwonted impulses. His old code of conduct was changing.

1906 May–October, Jack London, chapter VI, in White Fang, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., published October 1906, →OCLC, part 4 (The Superior Gods):

That iron-bound code of conduct which rules the Anglo-Indian, in the first days of the voyage had threatened to ostracize Karamaneh and Aziz, by reason of the Eastern blood to which their brilliant but peculiar type of beauty bore witness.

1916, Sax Rohmer [pseudonym; A. H. Ward], chapter XXXII, in The Return of Dr. Fu-Manchu:

Mr Blunkett quit after breaking the ministerial code of conduct over paid work he took while out of the Cabinet. John Hutton is to replace him.

2005 November 2, “Blunkett quits after ‘mistakes’”, in BBC News:

The conversational free-for-all on the Internet known as the blogosphere can be a prickly and unpleasant place. Now, a few prominent figures in high technology are proposing a blogger code of conduct to clean up the quality of online discourse.

2007 April 9, Brad Stone, “Bloggers debate need for code of conduct”, in The International Herald Tribune:

Nodding to critics who contend that the movie industry hasn’t done enough to fight sexual harassment, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences announced on Thursday that it would be establishing a “code of conduct” for its members.

2017 October 27, Sopan Deb, “Motion Picture Academy Moves to Institute Code of Conduct”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(ethics) A set of rules dictating acceptable behaviour and decisions in a specified environment.


paramour

/ˈpæ.ɹə.mʊə/

/ˈpæ.ɹə.mɔː/

From Middle English paramour, paramoure, peramour, paramur, from Old French par amor (“for love's sake”). The modern pronunciation is apparently an Early Modern English readaptation of the French.

to run away with a paramour

The seducer appeared with dauntless front, accompanied by his paramour.

1848, Thomas Maucalay, The History of England from the Accession of James the Second:

They should be chaste, not lustful, nor taking paramours:

1934, Yusuf Ali, transl., The Holy Qur'an: Text, Translation and Commentary, surah 4, verse 25:

The action scenes are deafening and punchily staged by director Louis Letterier (The Transporter), though I wish he’d set more time aside to spend with Nobby, his paramour Dawn (Rebel Wilson), their shaven-headed brood, and friends

2016 February 23, Robbie Collin, “Grimsby review: ' Sacha Baron Cohen's vital, venomous action movie'”, in The Daily Telegraph (London):

(somewhat archaic) An illicit lover, either male or female.

(obsolete) The Virgin Mary or Jesus Christ (when addressed by a person of the opposite sex).


paramour

en-verb

paramour (third-person singular simple present paramours, present participle paramouring, simple past and past participle paramoured)

paramours (present singular third-person)
paramouring (participle present)
paramoured (participle past)
paramoured (past)

/ˈpæ.ɹə.mʊə/

/ˈpæ.ɹə.mɔː/

The paramouring matron left / A babe and husband both bereft;

1842, John de Jean Fraser, The Stranger in His Native Place:

This meant it could even call in "third party 'paramours'" and tell them to quit their paramouring.

2011, Joanna L. Grossman, Lawrence M. Friedman, Inside the Castle, Princeton University Press, →ISBN:

To go with a paramour; to have an affair.


paramour

/ˈpæ.ɹə.mʊə/

/ˈpæ.ɹə.mɔː/

(obsolete, of loving, etc.) Passionately, out of sexual desire.


paramour

English: paramour (obsolete)

Borrowed from Old French par amour (“for love's sake”); equivalent to par- + amour.

bor+

For paramour I loved her fyrst ere thou.

1387–1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Knyghtes Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, [Westminster: William Caxton, published 1478], →OCLC; republished in [William Thynne], editor, The Workes of Geffray Chaucer Newlye Printed, […], [London]: […] [Richard Grafton for] Iohn Reynes […], 1542, →OCLC:

Is this trouthe said Palomydes / Thenne shall we hastely here of sire Tristram / And as for to say that I loue la Beale Isoud peramours I dare make good that I doo / and that she hath my seruyse aboue alle other ladyes / and shalle haue the terme of my lyf

1485, Sir Thomas Malory, “liij”, in Le Morte Darthur, book X (in Middle English):

In a loving or sexual way; amorously, passionately.


paramour

English: paramour

A paramour; an illicit sexual or romantic partner.

A term of address for someone that one loves.

Sexual, romantic or (less often) spiritual passion.


arctophilia

From Ancient Greek ἄρκτος (árktos, “bear”) + φιλία (philía, “affection”).


unconditional

/ˌʌnkənˈdɪʃənəl/

(logic) A conditional-like structure expressing that the consequent holds true regardless of the particular value of the antecedent.


have the hots for

en-verb

have the hots for (third-person singular simple present has the hots for, present participle having the hots for, simple past and past participle had the hots for)

has the hots for (present singular third-person)
having the hots for (participle present)
had the hots for (participle past)
had the hots for (past)

I think Donnie has the hots for Lisa.

Whoa. Wait a minute, Doc. Are you trying to tell me that my mother has got the hots for me?

1985, Robert Zemeckis, Bob Gale, Back to the Future, spoken by Marty McFly (Michael J. Fox):

I met this chick and she just moved right up the block from me / And uh, she got the hots for me

2002, “Dilemma”, in Nellyville, performed by Nelly ft. Kelly Rowland:

“How was Hubertus? Bernard thought he might have the hots for you, to put it bluntly.”

2003, William Gibson, Pattern Recognition (Bigend cycle; book 1), New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, →ISBN, page 87:

(idiomatic, transitive, informal) To be attracted (sexually or romantically) to (someone); to fancy someone.


paraphilia

en-noun

paraphilia (plural paraphilias or paraphiliae)

paraphilias (plural)
paraphiliae (plural)

性的嗜好障害

せいてきしこうしょうがい

(sexology) An abnormal sexual arousal or attraction, especially to objects or situations that are not of a sexual nature; typically of extreme or pathological nature.


inconsistent

en-adj

inconsistent (comparative more inconsistent, superlative most inconsistent)

more inconsistent (comparative)
most inconsistent (superlative)

(logic) Having the property that a contradiction can be derived.


klismaphilia

From Ancient Greek κλύσμα (klúsma, “enema”) [from Ancient Greek κατακλυσμός (kataklusmós, “deluge, flood”)] and φιλία (philía, “(fraternal) love”).

bor

(sexuality) The condition involving enjoyment of, and sexual arousal from, enemas.


limbo

en-noun

limbo (countable and uncountable, plural limbos or limboes)

The noun is derived from Middle English limbo, lymbo (“place where innocent souls exist temporarily until they can enter heaven”), from Latin limbō, the ablative singular of limbus (“border, edge; hem; fringe, tassel”) (notably in expressions like in limbō (“in limbo”) and e limbō (“out of limbo”)); further etymology uncertain, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *lemb- (“to hang limply or loosely”), from Proto-Indo-European *leb- (“to hang down loosely (?)”). Doublet of limp.
The verb is derived from the noun.

der

Of vvhat texte thou proveſt hell / vvill a nother prove purgatory / a nother lymbo patrum / and a nother the aſſumpcion of oure ladi: And a nother ſhall prove of the ſame texte that an Ape hath a tayle.

1528 October 12 (Gregorian calendar), William Tyndale, “William Tyndale other wise Called William Hychins vnto the Reader”, in The Obediẽce of a Christen Man […], [Antwerp]: [Johannes Hoochstraten], →OCLC, folio xix, recto:

Oh vvhat a ſimpathie of vvoe is this, / As farre from helpe, as Lymbo is from bliſſe.

c. 1588–1593 (date written), [William Shakespeare], The Most Lamentable Romaine Tragedie of Titus Andronicus: […] (First Quarto), London: […] Iohn Danter, and are to be sold by Edward White & Thomas Millington, […], published 1594, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i]:

VVith all our heart, fare-vvell, fare-vvell, / I am freed from Lymbo, to be ſent to hell.

1605, [Thomas Heywood], If You Know Not Me, You Know No Bodie: Or, The Troubles of Queene Elizabeth, London: […] [Thomas Purfoot] for Nathaniel Butter, published 1606, →OCLC, signature D2, recto:

And they who have multiplied hells unto us, and made more hells than God hath made, more by their two limboes, (one for fathers, another for children) and one purgatory, have yet made their new hells more of the nature of heaven than of hell.

1626 November 15 (Gregorian calendar), John Donne, “The Third of My Prebend Sermons upon My Five Psalms. Sermon LXVII. Preached at St. Paul’s, November 5, 1626.”, in Henry Alford, editor, The Works of John Donne, D.D., […], volume III, London: John W[illiam] Parker, […], published 1839, →OCLC, page 183:

Limbo, or more exactly the notion of two different limbos within Christendom, was also an invention. Many medieval Christians had difficulty accepting the idea of eternal punishment meted out to two categories of persons who, on strictly technical grounds, were "outside" the Church and otherwise quite beyond the pale. The first category embraced wise and just people who died before the coming of Christ, and the second included all infants born within Christendom but, unfortunately, unbaptized at the time of their death.

1992, William R. LaFleur, “Jizō at the Crosswords”, in Liquid Life: Abortion and Buddhism in Japan, Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, →ISBN, part 1 (Original Concepts), page 57:

(Roman Catholicism, uncountable) A speculation, thought possibly to be on the edge of the bottomless pit of Hell, where the souls of innocent deceased people might exist temporarily until they can enter heaven, specifically those of the saints who died before the advent of Jesus Christ (who occupy the limbo patrum or limbo of the patriarchs or fathers) and those of unbaptized infants (who occupy the limbo infantum or limbo of the infants); (countable) the possible place where each category of souls might exist, regarded separately.

քավարան

place where the souls of innocent deceased people exist temporarily until they can enter heaven


limbo

(Roman Catholicism) limbo (place for innocent souls)


mysophilia

/ˌmaɪsəʊ̆ˈfɪlɪə/

While here filthiness is seemingly a consequence of the fear of being soiled, it is in our cases a consciously wished for situation which might be similar to mysophilia within the psychosexual infantility.

1963: National Psychological Association for Psychoanalysis (U.S.), The Psychoanalytic Review, p272

Mysophilia, for example, can probably only be an erotic turn-on when it is possible for people to be clean, which is something that has been possible only in comparatively recent times.

1988, Dennis M. Dailey, The Sexually Unusual: Guide to Understanding and Helping, page 17:

These paraphilias include coprophilia (preoccupation with feces), urophilia (preoccupation with urine), mysophilia (preoccupation with unclean surroundings)…

2003, Richard W Roukema, MD, What Every Patient, Family, Friend, and Caregiver Needs to Know About Psychiatry, page 133:

A sexual dependency on something soiled or filthy, usually a kind of undergarment after use.


scopophilia

From Ancient Greek σκοπός (skopós, “watcher”) + -philia (itself from the Ancient Greek φιλία (philía, “love, fondness”)).

der

At first feeling somewhat inhibited in his watching by Sam's presence (perhaps due to an inferiority complex), Jake freely indulges in his scopophilia once the other man is gone, growing excited by the sight of this woman whose dance includes undressing, donning some jewels, and then stroking herself.

2015, Douglas Keesey, Brian De Palma's Split-Screen: A Life in Film:

(psychology) A sexual dependency on openly observing sex organs and sexual acts, as opposed to voyeurism which is secret.


necrophile

/ˈnɛkɹəʊ̆faɪl/

He has seizures of erotic and macaberesque madness. He is a sort of necrophile. He has kept a journal in which he sets forth his disease with the utmost clearness.

1903, Guy de Maupassant, translated by M. Walter Dunne, A Tress of Hair:

(sexuality) One who is subject to necrophilia.


deuterogamist

(theology, law) A practicer or supporter of deuterogamy.

(theology, law) One who remarries after the divorce or death of their spouse.

(theology, law) One who believes in the moral right to, and the lawfulness of, remarriage after divorce or spousal death.


Japanophile

I am convinced that this book is not solely of interest to Japanophiles. The quality of Sado Hasegawa's work shines through and the book should prove to be a valued asset to any home library and is beautiful for display.

1990 December 9, Brian Scott Carr, “Erotic Art From Japan”, in Gay Community News, volume 18, number 21, page 8:

A person who loves the country, culture, or people of Japan.


Larry

No one gets named Larry anymore. It's had it as a name. Think of someone called Larry and you automatically conjure up a guy drinking beer in a sixties rec room.

1998, Carol Shields, Larry's Party, Penguin, →ISBN, page 254:

"Larry, name's Larry." I smiled, it was too ridiculous. He was worried about me calling him Lawrence instead of Larry with a rogue zombie climbing out of the dirt.

2002, Laurell K. Hamilton, Circus of the Damned, JOVE, →ISBN, page 149:

A diminutive of the male given name Laurence or Lawrence, popular as a male given name in the U.S. in the 1940s and the 1950s.


urophilia

/ˌʊɹɒˈfilɪə/

(psychology, sexuality) Undinism, a fetish for or sexual dependency on either the smell and/or taste of urine, or the sight and sound of someone urinating.


underworld

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-underworld.wav

(religion or mythology) The world of the dead, located underneath the world of the living; the afterlife.

тот свет m (tot svet, literally “that world”)


papaphilia

/pæpæˈfɪlɪə/

love and adoration for the pope or the papacy


caru

cy-verb

caru (first-person singular present caraf)

caraf (first-person present singular)
caraf (first-person future indicative present singular)
ceri (future indicative present second-person singular)
câr (future indicative present singular third-person)
cara (future indicative present singular third-person)
carwn (first-person future indicative plural present)
cerwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
carwch (future indicative plural present second-person)
carant (future indicative plural present third-person)
cerir (future impersonal indicative present)
carwn (conditional first-person singular)
carwn (first-person imperfect indicative singular subjunctive)
carit (conditional second-person singular)
carit (imperfect indicative second-person singular subjunctive)
carai (conditional singular third-person)
carai (imperfect indicative singular subjunctive third-person)
carem (conditional first-person plural)
carem (first-person imperfect indicative plural subjunctive)
carech (conditional plural second-person)
carech (imperfect indicative plural second-person subjunctive)
carent (conditional plural third-person)
carent (imperfect indicative plural subjunctive third-person)
cerid (conditional impersonal)
cerid (imperfect impersonal indicative subjunctive)
cerais (first-person preterite singular)
ceraist (preterite second-person singular)
carodd (preterite singular third-person)
carasom (first-person plural preterite)
carasoch (plural preterite second-person)
carasant (plural preterite third-person)
carwyd (impersonal preterite)
caraswn (first-person pluperfect singular)
carasit (pluperfect second-person singular)
carasai (pluperfect singular third-person)
carasem (first-person pluperfect plural)
carasech (pluperfect plural second-person)
carasent (pluperfect plural third-person)
carasid (impersonal pluperfect)
caresid (impersonal pluperfect)
carwyf (first-person present singular subjunctive)
cerych (present second-person singular subjunctive)
caro (present singular subjunctive third-person)
carom (first-person plural present subjunctive)
caroch (plural present second-person subjunctive)
caront (plural present subjunctive third-person)
carer (impersonal present subjunctive)
cara (imperative second-person singular)
cared (imperative singular third-person)
carwn (first-person imperative plural)
cerwch (imperative plural second-person)
carwch (imperative plural second-person)
carent (imperative plural third-person)
carer (imperative impersonal)
caru (noun-from-verb)
caredig (participle)
caradwy (participle)
cara i (first-person future singular)
caraf i (first-person future singular)
cari di (future second-person singular)
carith o (future singular third-person)
e (future singular third-person)
hi (future singular third-person)
cariff e (future singular third-person)
carwn ni (first-person future plural)
carwch chi (future plural second-person)
caran nhw (future plural third-person)
carwn i (conditional first-person singular)
carswn i (conditional first-person singular)
caret ti (conditional second-person singular)
carset ti (conditional second-person singular)
carai fo (conditional singular third-person)
fe (conditional singular third-person)
hi (conditional singular third-person)
carsai fo (conditional singular third-person)
caren ni (conditional first-person plural)
carsen ni (conditional first-person plural)
carech chi (conditional plural second-person)
carsech chi (conditional plural second-person)
caren nhw (conditional plural third-person)
carsen nhw (conditional plural third-person)
carais i (first-person preterite singular)
cares i (first-person preterite singular)
caraist ti (preterite second-person singular)
carest ti (preterite second-person singular)
carodd o (preterite singular third-person)
e (preterite singular third-person)
hi (preterite singular third-person)
caron ni (first-person plural preterite)
caroch chi (plural preterite second-person)
caron nhw (plural preterite third-person)
cara (imperative second-person singular)
carwch (imperative plural second-person)
caru
garu (soft)
ngharu
charu

From Proto-Brythonic *karɨd, from Proto-Celtic *karāti (“to love”), from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂- (“to desire, wish”).

der

cariad

love, charity, affection; beloved (one); lover, sweetheart, darling


conscience

en-noun

conscience (countable and uncountable, plural consciences)

From Middle English conscience, from Old French conscience, from Latin conscientia (“knowledge within oneself”), from consciens, present participle of conscire (“to know, to be conscious (of wrong)”), from com- (“together”) + scire (“to know”).

der

Your conscience is your highest authority.

1949, Albert Einstein, as quoted by Virgil Henshaw in Albert Einstein: Philosopher Scientist,
Never do anything against conscience, even if the state demands it.

As for Grierson, he poured liquor into himself as if it were so much soothing syrup, demonstrating that a good digestion is the highest form of good conscience.

1938, Norman Lindsay, Age of Consent, 1st Australian edition, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, published 1962, →OCLC, page 159:

[“]Twer is not a friend of mine testifying against me reluctantly and for conscience’ sake, as the prosecution would have you believe. He is a spy, performing his paid job.[”]

1951, Isaac Asimov, Foundation, Panther Books Ltd, published 1974, part V: The Merchant Princes, chapter 14, page 175:

‘Then the father has a great fight with his terrible conscience,’ said Munday with granite seriousness. ‘Should he make a row with the police […]? Or should he say nothing about it and condone brutality for fear of appearing in the newspapers?

1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 18, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:

The ethical or moral sense of right and wrong, chiefly as it affects a person’s own behaviour and forms their attitude to their past actions.

(chiefly fiction, narratology) A personification of the moral sense of right and wrong, usually in the form of a person, a being or merely a voice that gives moral lessons and advices.


nihilism

en-noun

nihilism (countable and uncountable, plural nihilisms)

Probably borrowed from French nihilisme, German Nihilismus, or Late Latin nihilismus; the French, German, and Latin words are derived from Latin nihil (“indefinite nothing”), from nihilum (“nothing”), from ne- (prefix negating the principal meaning) + hīlum (“a trifle; not in the least”). The English word is cognate with Italian nichilismo, Spanish nihilismo, Russian нигили́зм (nigilízm), philosophical doctrine grounded on negation of one or more meaningful aspects of life; emptiness; lack of education and cultural refinement.

This great metaphysician [John Locke] considered, our ideas were derived from sensation and reflection; and preserved the distinction between these two sources of knowledge with great care; but by a perversion of his theory, his followers reduced them to sensation alone;—which by a necessary gradation leads to materialism, atheism and nihilism.

1839, William Ingalls, A Lecture on the Subject of Phrenology not Opposed to the Principles of Religion; nor the Precepts of Christianity, Boston, Mass.: Dutton and Wentworth, […], →OCLC, pages 42–43:

This view may be styled Religious Nihilism. It affirms that Theism, or faith in an Almighty and All-wise Creator, Pantheism, and Atheism, are alike mere guesses in the dark, and that nothing is or can be known of that mysterious Something, which is the origin of the universe.

1872, T[homas] R[awson] Birks, “On Religious Nihilism”, in The Scripture Doctrine of Creation, with Reference to Religious Nihilism and Modern Theories of Development, London: The Christian Evidence Committee of the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge; […], →OCLC, page 6:

Nihilism is the result of continued and extreme philosophical scepticism [...] Among the first developments of Greek philosophy we find the nihilism of Georgias, one of the Sophists, and a contemporary of Socrates. He taught (1) that nothing exists; for if anything were, its being must be either derived or eternal; but it cannot have been derived, whether from the existent or from the non-existent (according to the Eleatics); nor can it be eternal, for then it must be infinite; but the infinite is nowhere, since it can neither be in itself nor in anything else, and what is nowhere is not.

1894, John M‘Clintock [i.e., John McClintock], James Strong, “Nihilism”, in Cyclopædia of Biblical, Theological, and Ecclesiastical Literature, volumes VII (NEW–PES), New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], →OCLC, page 91, column 2:

Psychological nihilism is a vulgar reaction to the difficulty of knowing the world, but it is also a way of reacting to the fear of nihilism. What is more, the vulgar threat of nihilism is overcome by [Friedrich] Nietzsche's authentic antinihilism. And yet false categories of information induce psychological nihilism, since we only value, as Nietzsche argues, a fictitious world.

1999, Angèle Kremer-Marietti, “Nietzsche’s Critique of Modern Reason”, in Babette Babich, Robert S. Cohen, editors, Nietzsche, Theories of Knowledge, and Critical Theory: Nietzsche and the Sciences I (Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science; 203), Dordrecht: Springer Science+Business Media, →DOI, →ISBN, page 88:

If, in its origin, nihilism is a will to escape from the immanent "chaos" to a transcendent, illusory world, with modernity, or, with the "death of God," this originary nihilism divides itself into two: radical and passive nihilism. [...] There is therefore a strange symmetry between the two nihilisms, between (Ahab's) willing nothingness and (Ishmael's) annihilation of will.

2014, Bülent Diken, “Nihilism, Revolt, and the Spectacle”, in Nitzan Lebovic, Roy Ben-Shai, editors, The Politics of Nihilism: From the Nineteenth Century to Contemporary Israel (Political Theory and Contemporary Philosophy), New York, N.Y., London: Bloomsbury Academic, Blooms Publishing, →ISBN, page 82:

(countable, uncountable, philosophy) A doctrine grounded on the negation of one or more meaningful aspects of life; in particular, the view that nothing in the world actually exists.


chum

en-verb

chum (third-person singular simple present chums, present participle chumming, simple past and past participle chummed)

chums (present singular third-person)
chumming (participle present)
chummed (participle past)
chummed (past)

1675–85; of uncertain origin, possibly from cham, shortening of chambermate, or from comrade. Less likely from Welsh cymrawd (“fellow”), compare brawd (“brother”).

I was not surprised to see somebody sitting aft, on the deck, with his legs dangling over the mud. You see I rather chummed with the few mechanics there were in that station, whom the other pilgrims naturally despised—on account of their imperfect manners, I suppose.

1899 February, Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXV, number M, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publishing Company, […], →OCLC, part I:

"You'll make yourself disliked on board!"
"By von Heumann merely."
"But is that wise when he's the man we've got to diddle?"
"The wisest thing I ever did. To have chummed up with him would have been fatal -- the common dodge."

1902, Ernest William Hornung, The Amateur Cracksman:

(intransitive) To make friends; to socialize.


chum

fr-noun

chum m (plural chums, feminine blonde or chum de fille)

chums (plural)
blonde (feminine)
chum de fille (feminine)

Coordinate term: blonde

Elle m’a présenté son nouveau chum.

Je croyais qu’il était rien qu’un ami à Éric mais en fait c’est son chum.
I believed that he was just another of Éric's friends, but in fact, it's his boyfriend.

Coordinate term: chum de fille

J’suis allé danser avec une gang de chums.

I went to dance with a group of my chums.

(Canada, chiefly slang, Quebec) a friend, usually male; a chum


determinate

From Middle English determinate, determynat, determinat, from Latin dēterminātus, perfect passive participle of dēterminō (“I limit, set bounds”).

And since being negatively-charged and being positively-charged are determinates of the same determinable, [D5] will not permit us to infer worlds where anything negatively-charged is also positively-charged.

2007 September 5, David Denby, “Generating possibilities”, in Philosophical Studies, volume 141, number 2, →DOI:

(philosophy) A single state of a particular determinable attribute.


controller

/kənˈtɹəʊlə/

From Middle English countreroller, from Anglo-Norman contreroulour and Middle French contreroleur (French contrôleur), from Medieval Latin contrārotulātor, from *contrārotulāre (from which control). By surface analysis, control + -er.

(espionage) The person who supervises and handles communication with an agent in the field.


entelechy

From Late Latin entelechia, from Ancient Greek ἐντελέχεια (entelékheia), coined by Aristotle from ἐντελής (entelḗs, “complete, finished, perfect”) (from τέλος (télos, “end, fruition, accomplishment”)) + ἔχω (ékhō, “to have”).

entelèquia

[Pages 114–115] [H]e [Aristotle] tells us expressly, that that which we call the rational soul is […] 'separable from the body,' […] 'because it is not the entelech of any body.' […] [page 500] Wickedness is the form and entelech of all the wicked spirits: it is the difference of a name, rather than any proper difference of natures that is between the devil and wicked men.

1821, John Smith with Simon Patrick, Select Discourses: by John Smith, Late Fellow of Queen's College in Cambridge. To which is Added a Sermon, Preached at the Author's Funeral, by Symon Patrick, D.D. then Fellow of the Same College, afterwards Lord Bishop of Ely: Containing a Brief Account of his Life and Death, 3rd corr. edition, London: Printed for Rivingtons and Cochran, in the Strand, →OCLC, pages 114–115 and 500:

Act, as we have already emphasized, is also called by Aristotle an entelechy. […] [A]ct and entelechy bespeak something fulfilled, actualized perfection, or the actualized. The soul, hence, insofar as it is essence or form of the body, is the act and entelechy of the body; and in general all forms of sensible substances are act and entelechy. God, we will see, will be pure entelechy (and just as the other movent Intelligences of the celestial spheres).

1990, Giovanni Reale with John R. Catan, ed. and transl., A History of Ancient Philosophy: II. Plato and Aristotle, Albany, N.Y.: State University of New York Press, →ISBN, page 285:

Simply put, entelechy is any process that has a beginning, middle, and end. The end or goal is the telos; it shows up as the second syllable of the word en-TEL-echy. A simple natural entelechy is the corn entelechy. A kernel of corn when planted begins an entelechy. That is, a process of growth begins as the kernel/seed sprouts roots, then a blade. The growth process continues until it reaches its telos. Its telos is the completion of the process and the resulting production of brand new kernels that look very much like the kernel that began this process. Once that telos or goal has been reached, we say that the process is complete or perfect or teleios. But then what happens? A new entelechy begins. Each of those kernels that were produced in the previous entelechy begins to sprout and produces its own entelechy. In other words, entelechies are often cyclical.

2006, Stan A. Lindsay, Psychotic Entelechy: The Dangers of Spiritual Gifts Theology, Lanham, Md.: University Press of America, →ISBN, page 123:

But while these forces of chance work both in organic and in inorganic nature, there is an additional principle in organic (living) nature: an organizing principle or entelechie.

2007, Leonieke Vermeer, “'The Journey to the Summits of Perfection': Moral Evolution as a Utopian Vista in the Dutch Fin de Siècle”, in Mary G. Kemperink, Willemien H. S. Roenhorst, editors, Visualizing Utopia [Groningen Studies in Cultural Change; vol. 27], Leuven: Peeters, →ISBN, page 47:

Aristotleians assumed that rest is the natural state of a body in the terrestrial sphere. If something moves, then this unnatural change in its state requires explanation. Something must be pushing on it, or its motions must derive from some internal teleological "drive" within it – a sort of simple consciousness motivating it. These internal drives were called "entelechies," and Aristotleians held that the entire universe is imbued with entelechies.

2014, Guido Bonino, Greg Jesson, Javier Cumpa, editors, Defending Realism: Ontological and Epistemological Investigations, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 78:

(Aristotelian metaphysics) The complete realisation and final form of some potential concept or function; the conditions under which a potential thing becomes actualized.

Aristotle […] calleth it [the soul] Entelechy, or perfection moving of it selfe (as cold an invention as any other) for he neither speaketh of the essence, nor of the beginning, nor of the soules nature; but onely noteth the effects of it […].

Both Aristotle's concept of the entelechy and its modified role in Leibnizian "monadology" use the term in ways that could be applied in any being or "substance," such as an amoeba or a tree, or even some one particular pebble viewed as being moved to fulfill the potentialities peculiar to its kind.

2003, Kenneth Burke, edited by William H. Rueckert and Angelo Bonadonna, On Human Nature: A Gathering while Everything Flows, 1967–1984, Berkeley and Los Angeles, Calif.: University of California Press, →ISBN, page 134:

Students of Aristotle are familiar with his thesis that soul is the form of the body. In the De Anima Aristotle explains this further by claiming that the soul is the perfection or entelechia of the body (414a26).

2002, Peter Adamson, The Arabic Plotinus: A Philosophical Study of the Theology of Aristotle, London: Gerald Duckworth and Company, →ISBN, page 50:

[T]his first acting principle, this entelechia is a real life principle (principium vitale) which has a perceiving ability as well, and which is imperishable. And this is just what I consider as the soul of animals. [Leibniz, 1710.] […] A body belonging to a monas which is its entelechia or soul, comprises together with the entelechia what we call a living thing, and together with the soul what we call animal. [Leibniz, 1714.]

2003, Tibor Gánti, quoting Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Chemoton Theory. Volume 2: Theory of Living Systems, New York, N.Y.: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, →ISBN, page 260:

(specifically) In the metaphysics of Aristotle (384–322 B.C.E.) and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646–1716): a soul; a monad (Leibniz).

The entelechy is the name given to our inner dynamic purpose. It is the seed of potential that nestles deep within us, containing the fractal image of who we really are and what we can become. The Greek philosopher Socrates first coined the term entelechy, and the great mystic [Pierre] Teilhard de Chardin brought it to public attention. […] The inner sense of purpose that is governed by the entelechy is the driving force behind our lives, helping us to blossom into the fullest expression of ourselves.

2008, Lisa Tenzin-Dolma, Mind & Motivation: The Spirit of Success, U.K.: Phoenix Rising Press, →ISBN, page 64:

Karl Rahner and especially David Coffey, who follows and develops Rahner's theology, point out that the Holy Spirit bears an entelechy toward the Son. An entelechy (as the term is used by Rahner and Coffey) is an internal force or principle that drives a being toward its destiny. When applied to the Holy Spirit it refers to the redemptive purpose that motivates and orients the work of the Holy Spirit in redemption. The philosophical term entelechy helps to express the theology of the biblical description of the Holy Spirit as "the Spirit of Christ."

2010, Michael Wilkinson, Steven M. Studebaker, editors, A Liberating Spirit: Pentecostals and Social Action in North America [Pentecostals, Peacemaking, and Social Justice; 2], Eugene, Or.: Pickwick Publications, →ISBN:

(chiefly philosophy) A particular type of motivation, need for self-determination, and inner strength directing life and growth to become all one is capable of being; the need to actualize one's beliefs; having both a personal vision and the ability to actualize that vision from within.


AYBABTU

all your base are belong to us
all your base are belong to us#English

(Internet slang) Initialism of all your base are belong to us.


industria

la-noun

industria f (genitive industriae); first declension

industriae (genitive)
industria (nominative singular)
industriae (nominative plural)
industriae (genitive singular)
industriārum (genitive plural)
industriae (dative singular)
industriīs (dative plural)
industriam (accusative singular)
industriās (accusative plural)
industriā (ablative singular)
industriīs (ablative plural)
industria (singular vocative)
industriae (plural vocative)

Catalan: indústria

French: industrie (see there for further descendants)

Galician: industria

Italian: industria

Occitan: industria

Portuguese: indústria

Romanian: industrie

Russian: индустри́я (industríja)

Spanish: industria

[ɪn̪ˈd̪ʊs̠t̪riä]


philosopher king

en-noun

philosopher king (plural philosopher kings)

The concept comes from Plato's Republic (circa 375 BCE), which discusses the ideal rulers of a city state.

He flies much about from place to place; now at Potsdam, now at Berlin, at Charlottenburg, Reinsberg; nothing loath to run whither business calls him, and appear in public: the gazetteer world, as we noticed, which has been hitherto a most mute world, breaks out here and there into a kind of husky jubilation over the great things he is daily doing, and rejoices in the prospect of having a Philosopher King;[…]

1862, Thomas Carlyle, History of Friedrich II. of Prussia, Called Frederick the Great, volume III, London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, book XI, page 6:

[…] what has been said about the State and the government is not a mere dream[…] that is to say, when the true philosopher kings are born in a State, one or more of them, despising the honours of this present world which they deem mean and worthless, […]

1871, Benjamin Jowett, transl., Republic, translation of Πολιτεία by Plato:

But if the President was not the philosopher-king, what was he? After all he was a man who had spent much of his life at a University.

1919, John Maynard Keynes, The Economic Consequences of the Peace:

This philosopher king contrasts sharply with the cruel tyrant, who plays a memorable role in other parts of the Histories.

1987, Stewart Flory, The Archaic Smile of Herodotus:


dualism

dualism (countable and uncountable, plural dualisms)

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-dualism.wav

(philosophy) The view that the world consists of, or is explicable in terms of, two fundamental principles, such as mind and matter or good and evil.

ثَنَوِيَّة

the view that the world consists of two fundamental principles

The same conflict between the monism of temporal theorists and the dualism of ecclesiastical thinkers—the same opposition of organic to symbiotic union—occurred in the ninth century.

1964, Karl F. Morrison, Two Kingdoms: Ecclesiology in Carolingian Political Thought, Princeton University Press, page 4:

(theology) The belief that the world is ruled by a pair of antagonistic forces, such as good and evil; the belief that man has two basic natures, the physical and the spiritual.

ثَنَوِيَّة

the belief that the world is ruled by a pair of antagonistic forces


transcendental

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-transcendental.wav

In deference to Christian usage we can say that the transcendentals constitute the Logos within which everything has its being and according to which everything is made.

2002, Robert C. Neville, Religion in Late Modernity, State University of New York Press, page 72:

These predicates of Being are what the Medievals called, using a term that will have a fertile future, "transcendentals" (often called the "universals") because they transcend all particular genera, following the example of Being.⁹⁶ A quarrel over these transcendentals even shook the later Middle Ages. The quarrel stemmed from the question of whether the existence of these transcendentals was real or intellectual (also called nominal).

2012, Jean Grondin, translated by Lukas Soderstrom, Introduction to Metaphysics: From Parmenides to Levinas, Columbia University Press, page 105:

The medieval doctrine of the transcendentals is closely connected with a metaphysical conception of reality, but is there a science of being in William of Ockham (ca. 1285-1347)?

2012, Jan Aertsen, Medieval Philosophy as Transcendental Thought: From Philip the Chancellor (ca. 1225) to Francisco Suárez, BRILL, page 515:

Another fascinating thing about the transcendentals is that each is fully contained in the others. When you appreciate beauty, for example, you recognise the presence of goodness and truth. When you grasp the truth about something you experience a moment of beauty in, perhaps, the simplicity or power of the insight. When you observe goodness in the actions of another person you are seeing truth and beauty in operation.

2015, Anthony Howard, Humanise: Why Human-Centred Leadership is the Key to the 21st Century, Wiley, page 70:

(philosophy, metaphysics, Platonism, Christian theology, usually in the plural) Any one of the three transcendental properties of being: truth, beauty or goodness, which respectively are the ideals of science, art and religion and the principal subjects of the study of logic, aesthetics and ethics.

metaphysics; Platonism; metaphysics; Platonism


transcendental

en-adj

transcendental (comparative more transcendental, superlative most transcendental)

more transcendental (comparative)
most transcendental (superlative)

algebraic

antonym(s) of “not the root of a polynomial with rational coefficients”

algebraic

antonym(s) of “containing elements that are not the root of a polynomial”

The best way to demonstrate the possibility of something is to show its actuality, for actuality implies possibility. At least since Kant, transcendental philosophies have been on the scene. However, such simple demonstration of the possibility of transcendental philosophy has not been effective and is not likely to be so — so strong is the presumption that transcendental philosophy just could not be possible, or, if it was possible earlier, it is not possible now.

1985, J. N. Mohanty, The Possibility of Transcendental Philosophy, Kluwer Academic (Martinus Nijhoff), page xiii:

1999, Robert Stern, 4: On Kant's Response to Hume: The Second Analogy as Transcendental Argument, Robert Stern (editor), Transcendental Arguments: Problems and Prospects, 2003, Oxford University Press (Clarendon Press), Paperback, page 47,
Whilst it was once held that transcendental arguments could provide a direct and straightforward refutation of scepticism, this view now seems over-optimistic.

2007, Steven Crowell, Jeff Malpas, Chapter 1: Introduction Steven Crowell, Jeff Malpas, (editors), Transcendental Heidegger, Stanford University Press, page 1,
Not only does Heidegger's early work stand within the framework of transcendental phenomenology as established by Husserl—even though it also contests and revises that framework—but that thinking also stands in a close relationship to the critical philosophy of Immanuel Kant, and specifically to the transcendental project, and modes of argument, of Kant's Critique of Pure Reason.

(philosophy) Concerned with the a priori or intuitive basis of knowledge, independent of experience.


a fortiori

Ellipsis of ā fortiōrī ratiōne (literally “from a stronger reason”).

ellipsis

Cuius rei veritas vt magis elucescat queritur. An malefice valeant membra virilia virtute demonum vere et realiter vel solummodo prestigiosa apparitione auferre? et arguitur quod vere et realiter per argumentum a fortiori.

1486, Heinrich Kramer, “Pars prīma, Quaestiō nōna”, in Malleus maleficarum [The hammer of witches]^(https://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Malleus_maleficarum_(ed._II)):

In order to make the truth of this matter clearer, it is asked whether witches can—with the help of devils—really and actually remove the virile members, or can only take them away through an illusion. And that they can really and actually do so is argued a fortiori.

(rhetoric, logic, Medieval Latin) a fortiori (as a corollary implied by a stronger claim)