Sati

(Hinduism) One of the daughters of Prasuti and Daksha; killed herself by self-immolation on a fire


ambrosia

en-noun

ambrosia (countable and uncountable, plural ambrosias)

From Latin ambrosia (“food of the gods”), from Ancient Greek ἀμβροσία (ambrosía, “immortality”), from ἄμβροτος (ámbrotos, “immortal”), from ἀ- (a-, “not”) + βροτός (brotós, “mortal”).

af

He had a most intense admiration of female loveliness, and looked upon woman as a kind of super-angelic being, whose food should be the ambrosiæ and nectar of the gods, and whose garments the spotless white of vestal purity.

1845 November, Caroline Lee Hentz, “The Mysterious Reticule”, in Sarah J[osepha] Hale, Morton M’Michael, Louis A[ntoine] Godey, editors, Godey’s Magazine and Lady’s Book, volume XXXI, number 16, Philadelphia, Pa.: Louis A. Godey, […], page 202, column 1:

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) The food of the gods, thought to confer immortality.

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) The anointing-oil of the gods.


ambrosia

From Latin ambrosia, borrowed from Ancient Greek ἀμβροσίᾱ (ambrosíā, “immortality”).


ambrosia

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) ambrosia (food of gods or delicious foods)


ambrosia

ambrosia (indefinite nominative singular)


mandala

Borrowed from Sanskrit मण्डल (máṇḍala). Doublet of mandal.

(Hinduism, Buddhism) A graphic depiction of the spiritual universe and its myriad realms and deities.

(Hinduism, Buddhism) Any ritualistic geometric design, symbolic of the Universe, used as an aid to meditation.


mandala

id-noun

mandala (plural mandala-mandala, first-person possessive mandalaku, second-person possessive mandalamu, third-person possessive mandalanya)

mandala-mandala (plural)
mandalaku (first-person possessive)
mandalamu (possessive second-person)
mandalanya (possessive third-person)

From Malay mandala,
from Classical Malay mandala, from Sanskrit मण्डल (maṇḍala, “circle”).


mandala

mandala (nominative singular)
mandale (nominative plural)
mandali (genitive singular)
mandal (genitive plural)
mandali (dative singular)
mandalom (dative plural)
mandalę (accusative singular)
mandale (accusative plural)
mandalą (instrumental singular)
mandalami (instrumental plural)
mandali (locative singular)
mandalach (locative plural)
mandalo (singular vocative)
mandale (plural vocative)

(Buddhism, Hinduism) mandala (Hindu design)


chakra

/ˈt͡ʃɑː.kɹə/

From Hindi चक्र (cakra) and directly from Sanskrit चक्र (cakra, “wheel, disc, cycle”). As a synonym for hackery, either a correction or hypercorrection of that term based on one of its proposed etymologies. Doublet of chakram, charkha, chukker, cycle, cyclus, and wheel.

dbt

In the etheric body of a yogini in meditation, the polarity is, therefore, not between the brain and the genitals, the second and sixth chakras, but between the inner sexuality of the womb and the heart.

1981, William Irwin Thompson, The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture, London: Rider/Hutchinson & Co., page 19:

(Hinduism, Ayurveda) Any of (at least) seven centres of spiritual energy in or near the body, according to Ayurveda philosophy.


chakra

chakra (nominative singular)
chakrat (nominative plural)
chakra (accusative nominative singular)
chakrat (accusative nominative plural)
chakran (accusative genitive singular)
chakrat (accusative genitive plural)
chakran (genitive singular)
chakrojen (genitive plural)
chakrain (genitive plural rare)
chakraa (partitive singular)
chakroja (partitive plural)
chakrassa (inessive singular)
chakroissa (inessive plural)
chakrasta (elative singular)
chakroista (elative plural)
chakraan (illative singular)
chakroihin (illative plural)
chakralla (adessive singular)
chakroilla (adessive plural)
chakralta (ablative singular)
chakroilta (ablative plural)
chakralle (allative singular)
chakroille (allative plural)
chakrana (essive singular)
chakroina (essive plural)
chakraksi (singular translative)
chakroiksi (plural translative)
chakratta (abessive singular)
chakroitta (abessive plural)
chakroin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
chakrani (nominative singular)
chakrani (nominative plural)
chakrani (accusative nominative singular)
chakrani (accusative nominative plural)
chakrani (accusative genitive singular)
chakrani (accusative genitive plural)
chakrani (genitive singular)
chakrojeni (genitive plural)
chakraini (genitive plural rare)
chakraani (partitive singular)
chakrojani (partitive plural)
chakrassani (inessive singular)
chakroissani (inessive plural)
chakrastani (elative singular)
chakroistani (elative plural)
chakraani (illative singular)
chakroihini (illative plural)
chakrallani (adessive singular)
chakroillani (adessive plural)
chakraltani (ablative singular)
chakroiltani (ablative plural)
chakralleni (allative singular)
chakroilleni (allative plural)
chakranani (essive singular)
chakroinani (essive plural)
chakrakseni (singular translative)
chakroikseni (plural translative)
chakrattani (abessive singular)
chakroittani (abessive plural)
chakroineni (comitative plural)
chakrasi (nominative singular)
chakrasi (nominative plural)
chakrasi (accusative nominative singular)
chakrasi (accusative nominative plural)
chakrasi (accusative genitive singular)
chakrasi (accusative genitive plural)
chakrasi (genitive singular)
chakrojesi (genitive plural)
chakraisi (genitive plural rare)
chakraasi (partitive singular)
chakrojasi (partitive plural)
chakrassasi (inessive singular)
chakroissasi (inessive plural)
chakrastasi (elative singular)
chakroistasi (elative plural)
chakraasi (illative singular)
chakroihisi (illative plural)
chakrallasi (adessive singular)
chakroillasi (adessive plural)
chakraltasi (ablative singular)
chakroiltasi (ablative plural)
chakrallesi (allative singular)
chakroillesi (allative plural)
chakranasi (essive singular)
chakroinasi (essive plural)
chakraksesi (singular translative)
chakroiksesi (plural translative)
chakrattasi (abessive singular)
chakroittasi (abessive plural)
chakroinesi (comitative plural)
chakramme (nominative singular)
chakramme (nominative plural)
chakramme (accusative nominative singular)
chakramme (accusative nominative plural)
chakramme (accusative genitive singular)
chakramme (accusative genitive plural)
chakramme (genitive singular)
chakrojemme (genitive plural)
chakraimme (genitive plural rare)
chakraamme (partitive singular)
chakrojamme (partitive plural)
chakrassamme (inessive singular)
chakroissamme (inessive plural)
chakrastamme (elative singular)
chakroistamme (elative plural)
chakraamme (illative singular)
chakroihimme (illative plural)
chakrallamme (adessive singular)
chakroillamme (adessive plural)
chakraltamme (ablative singular)
chakroiltamme (ablative plural)
chakrallemme (allative singular)
chakroillemme (allative plural)
chakranamme (essive singular)
chakroinamme (essive plural)
chakraksemme (singular translative)
chakroiksemme (plural translative)
chakrattamme (abessive singular)
chakroittamme (abessive plural)
chakroinemme (comitative plural)
chakranne (nominative singular)
chakranne (nominative plural)
chakranne (accusative nominative singular)
chakranne (accusative nominative plural)
chakranne (accusative genitive singular)
chakranne (accusative genitive plural)
chakranne (genitive singular)
chakrojenne (genitive plural)
chakrainne (genitive plural rare)
chakraanne (partitive singular)
chakrojanne (partitive plural)
chakrassanne (inessive singular)
chakroissanne (inessive plural)
chakrastanne (elative singular)
chakroistanne (elative plural)
chakraanne (illative singular)
chakroihinne (illative plural)
chakrallanne (adessive singular)
chakroillanne (adessive plural)
chakraltanne (ablative singular)
chakroiltanne (ablative plural)
chakrallenne (allative singular)
chakroillenne (allative plural)
chakrananne (essive singular)
chakroinanne (essive plural)
chakraksenne (singular translative)
chakroiksenne (plural translative)
chakrattanne (abessive singular)
chakroittanne (abessive plural)
chakroinenne (comitative plural)
chakransa (nominative singular)
chakransa (nominative plural)
chakransa (accusative nominative singular)
chakransa (accusative nominative plural)
chakransa (accusative genitive singular)
chakransa (accusative genitive plural)
chakransa (genitive singular)
chakrojensa (genitive plural)
chakrainsa (genitive plural rare)
chakraansa (partitive singular)
chakrojaan (partitive plural)
chakrojansa (partitive plural)
chakrassaan (inessive singular)
chakrassansa (inessive singular)
chakroissaan (inessive plural)
chakroissansa (inessive plural)
chakrastaan (elative singular)
chakrastansa (elative singular)
chakroistaan (elative plural)
chakroistansa (elative plural)
chakraansa (illative singular)
chakroihinsa (illative plural)
chakrallaan (adessive singular)
chakrallansa (adessive singular)
chakroillaan (adessive plural)
chakroillansa (adessive plural)
chakraltaan (ablative singular)
chakraltansa (ablative singular)
chakroiltaan (ablative plural)
chakroiltansa (ablative plural)
chakralleen (allative singular)
chakrallensa (allative singular)
chakroilleen (allative plural)
chakroillensa (allative plural)
chakranaan (essive singular)
chakranansa (essive singular)
chakroinaan (essive plural)
chakroinansa (essive plural)
chakrakseen (singular translative)
chakraksensa (singular translative)
chakroikseen (plural translative)
chakroiksensa (plural translative)
chakrattaan (abessive singular)
chakrattansa (abessive singular)
chakroittaan (abessive plural)
chakroittansa (abessive plural)
chakroineen (comitative plural)
chakroinensa (comitative plural)

[ˈt̪ʃɑ̝krɑ̝]

From Sanskrit चक्र (cakrá, “wheel, circle, cycle; chakra”), using the English spelling. Distant doublet of kaula, kekri, and sykli.


chakra

Borrowed from Sanskrit चक्र (cakra, “wheel, circle, point”). Doublet of ciclo.


rhapsody

The noun is derived from Latin rhapsōdia (“part of an epic poem suitable for uninterrupted recitation”), from Koine Greek ῥαψῳδία (rhapsōidía, “part of an epic poem suitable for uninterrupted recitation; rigmarole”), Ancient Greek ῥαψῳδία (rhapsōidía, “composition or recitation of Epic poetry”), from ῥαψῳδός (rhapsōidós, “composer or performer of Epic poetry”) + -ῐ́ᾱ (-íā, suffix forming feminine abstract nouns). Ῥαψῳδός (Rhapsōidós) is derived from ῥᾰ́πτω (rháptō, “to sew”) (possibly from Proto-Indo-European *werb- (“to bend; to turn”)) + ᾠδή (ōidḗ, “ode; song”) (ultimately from Proto-Hellenic *awoidā́ (“song”)) + -ος (-os, suffix forming o-grade action nouns).
Sense 2.2 (“instrumental composition of irregular form”) probably developed from sense 2.1 (“exaggeratedly enthusiastic or exalted expression of feeling in speech or writing”), and both of these senses may have been influenced by rapture (“extreme excitement, happiness, or pleasure”), the latter being a quality associated with the senses. Sense 2.3 (“literary composition consisting of miscellaneous works”) is borrowed from Middle French rhapsodie (modern French rhapsodie), from Latin rhapsōdia: see above.
The verb is derived from the noun.
cognates
* French rhapsodie (“instrumental composition of irregular form”)
* German Rhapsodie (“instrumental composition of irregular form”)

cog

(Ancient Greece, poetry, historical) An epic poem, or part of one, suitable for uninterrupted recitation.

狂想曲

ancient Greek epic poem, or part of one, suitable for uninterrupted recitation


sutra

Borrowed from Sanskrit सूत्र (sū́tra, “thread, yarn, string; rule”). Doublet of sutta; more distantly related to sew and suture.

bor

Shepard: This Code of the Justicar seems central to your life.
Samara: It is five thousand sutras, and covers every situation one can encounter. I have memorized every word. There is only the Code.

2010, BioWare, Mass Effect 2 (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →OCLC, PC, scene: Normandy SR-2:

(Buddhism, Hinduism) A scriptural narrative, especially a discourse of the Buddha.


sutra

sutraen (definite singular)
sutraer (indefinite plural)
sutraene (definite plural)

From Sanskrit सूत्र (sūtra, “thread, rule”).


sutra

sutra (nominative singular)
sutry (nominative plural)
sutry (genitive singular)
sutr (genitive plural)
sutrze (dative singular)
sutrom (dative plural)
sutrę (accusative singular)
sutry (accusative plural)
sutrą (instrumental singular)
sutrami (instrumental plural)
sutrze (locative singular)
sutrach (locative plural)
sutro (singular vocative)
sutry (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Sanskrit सूत्र (sū́tra, “thread, yarn, string; rule”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *súHtram, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *súHtram, from Proto-Indo-European *súh₁trom, from *syuh₁- (“to sew”).

bor+

(Buddhism, Hinduism) sutra (scriptural narrative)


sutra

(Buddhism, Hinduism) sutra (a scriptural narrative)


yoga

Borrowed from Sanskrit योग (yóga, “yoking, union”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *yáwgas, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *yáwgas, from Proto-Indo-European *yéwg-o-s, from *yewg- (“to join”).


Merkurius

Merkurius (nominative singular)
Merkuriukset (nominative plural)
Merkurius (accusative nominative singular)
Merkuriukset (accusative nominative plural)
Merkuriuksen (accusative genitive singular)
Merkuriukset (accusative genitive plural)
Merkuriuksen (genitive singular)
Merkuriusten (genitive plural)
Merkuriuksien (genitive plural)
Merkuriusta (partitive singular)
Merkuriuksia (partitive plural)
Merkuriuksessa (inessive singular)
Merkuriuksissa (inessive plural)
Merkuriuksesta (elative singular)
Merkuriuksista (elative plural)
Merkuriukseen (illative singular)
Merkuriuksiin (illative plural)
Merkuriuksella (adessive singular)
Merkuriuksilla (adessive plural)
Merkuriukselta (ablative singular)
Merkuriuksilta (ablative plural)
Merkuriukselle (allative singular)
Merkuriuksille (allative plural)
Merkuriuksena (essive singular)
Merkuriuksina (essive plural)
Merkuriukseksi (singular translative)
Merkuriuksiksi (plural translative)
Merkuriuksetta (abessive singular)
Merkuriuksitta (abessive plural)
Merkuriuksin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Merkuriukseni (nominative singular)
Merkuriukseni (nominative plural)
Merkuriukseni (accusative nominative singular)
Merkuriukseni (accusative nominative plural)
Merkuriukseni (accusative genitive singular)
Merkuriukseni (accusative genitive plural)
Merkuriukseni (genitive singular)
Merkuriusteni (genitive plural)
Merkuriuksieni (genitive plural)
Merkuriustani (partitive singular)
Merkuriuksiani (partitive plural)
Merkuriuksessani (inessive singular)
Merkuriuksissani (inessive plural)
Merkuriuksestani (elative singular)
Merkuriuksistani (elative plural)
Merkuriukseeni (illative singular)
Merkuriuksiini (illative plural)
Merkuriuksellani (adessive singular)
Merkuriuksillani (adessive plural)
Merkuriukseltani (ablative singular)
Merkuriuksiltani (ablative plural)
Merkuriukselleni (allative singular)
Merkuriuksilleni (allative plural)
Merkuriuksenani (essive singular)
Merkuriuksinani (essive plural)
Merkuriuksekseni (singular translative)
Merkuriuksikseni (plural translative)
Merkuriuksettani (abessive singular)
Merkuriuksittani (abessive plural)
Merkuriuksineni (comitative plural)
Merkuriuksesi (nominative singular)
Merkuriuksesi (nominative plural)
Merkuriuksesi (accusative nominative singular)
Merkuriuksesi (accusative nominative plural)
Merkuriuksesi (accusative genitive singular)
Merkuriuksesi (accusative genitive plural)
Merkuriuksesi (genitive singular)
Merkuriustesi (genitive plural)
Merkuriuksiesi (genitive plural)
Merkuriustasi (partitive singular)
Merkuriuksiasi (partitive plural)
Merkuriuksessasi (inessive singular)
Merkuriuksissasi (inessive plural)
Merkuriuksestasi (elative singular)
Merkuriuksistasi (elative plural)
Merkuriukseesi (illative singular)
Merkuriuksiisi (illative plural)
Merkuriuksellasi (adessive singular)
Merkuriuksillasi (adessive plural)
Merkuriukseltasi (ablative singular)
Merkuriuksiltasi (ablative plural)
Merkuriuksellesi (allative singular)
Merkuriuksillesi (allative plural)
Merkuriuksenasi (essive singular)
Merkuriuksinasi (essive plural)
Merkuriukseksesi (singular translative)
Merkuriuksiksesi (plural translative)
Merkuriuksettasi (abessive singular)
Merkuriuksittasi (abessive plural)
Merkuriuksinesi (comitative plural)
Merkuriuksemme (nominative singular)
Merkuriuksemme (nominative plural)
Merkuriuksemme (accusative nominative singular)
Merkuriuksemme (accusative nominative plural)
Merkuriuksemme (accusative genitive singular)
Merkuriuksemme (accusative genitive plural)
Merkuriuksemme (genitive singular)
Merkuriustemme (genitive plural)
Merkuriuksiemme (genitive plural)
Merkuriustamme (partitive singular)
Merkuriuksiamme (partitive plural)
Merkuriuksessamme (inessive singular)
Merkuriuksissamme (inessive plural)
Merkuriuksestamme (elative singular)
Merkuriuksistamme (elative plural)
Merkuriukseemme (illative singular)
Merkuriuksiimme (illative plural)
Merkuriuksellamme (adessive singular)
Merkuriuksillamme (adessive plural)
Merkuriukseltamme (ablative singular)
Merkuriuksiltamme (ablative plural)
Merkuriuksellemme (allative singular)
Merkuriuksillemme (allative plural)
Merkuriuksenamme (essive singular)
Merkuriuksinamme (essive plural)
Merkuriukseksemme (singular translative)
Merkuriuksiksemme (plural translative)
Merkuriuksettamme (abessive singular)
Merkuriuksittamme (abessive plural)
Merkuriuksinemme (comitative plural)
Merkuriuksenne (nominative singular)
Merkuriuksenne (nominative plural)
Merkuriuksenne (accusative nominative singular)
Merkuriuksenne (accusative nominative plural)
Merkuriuksenne (accusative genitive singular)
Merkuriuksenne (accusative genitive plural)
Merkuriuksenne (genitive singular)
Merkuriustenne (genitive plural)
Merkuriuksienne (genitive plural)
Merkuriustanne (partitive singular)
Merkuriuksianne (partitive plural)
Merkuriuksessanne (inessive singular)
Merkuriuksissanne (inessive plural)
Merkuriuksestanne (elative singular)
Merkuriuksistanne (elative plural)
Merkuriukseenne (illative singular)
Merkuriuksiinne (illative plural)
Merkuriuksellanne (adessive singular)
Merkuriuksillanne (adessive plural)
Merkuriukseltanne (ablative singular)
Merkuriuksiltanne (ablative plural)
Merkuriuksellenne (allative singular)
Merkuriuksillenne (allative plural)
Merkuriuksenanne (essive singular)
Merkuriuksinanne (essive plural)
Merkuriukseksenne (singular translative)
Merkuriuksiksenne (plural translative)
Merkuriuksettanne (abessive singular)
Merkuriuksittanne (abessive plural)
Merkuriuksinenne (comitative plural)
Merkuriuksensa (nominative singular)
Merkuriuksensa (nominative plural)
Merkuriuksensa (accusative nominative singular)
Merkuriuksensa (accusative nominative plural)
Merkuriuksensa (accusative genitive singular)
Merkuriuksensa (accusative genitive plural)
Merkuriuksensa (genitive singular)
Merkuriustensa (genitive plural)
Merkuriuksiensa (genitive plural)
Merkuriustaan (partitive singular)
Merkuriustansa (partitive singular)
Merkuriuksiaan (partitive plural)
Merkuriuksiansa (partitive plural)
Merkuriuksessaan (inessive singular)
Merkuriuksessansa (inessive singular)
Merkuriuksissaan (inessive plural)
Merkuriuksissansa (inessive plural)
Merkuriuksestaan (elative singular)
Merkuriuksestansa (elative singular)
Merkuriuksistaan (elative plural)
Merkuriuksistansa (elative plural)
Merkuriukseensa (illative singular)
Merkuriuksiinsa (illative plural)
Merkuriuksellaan (adessive singular)
Merkuriuksellansa (adessive singular)
Merkuriuksillaan (adessive plural)
Merkuriuksillansa (adessive plural)
Merkuriukseltaan (ablative singular)
Merkuriukseltansa (ablative singular)
Merkuriuksiltaan (ablative plural)
Merkuriuksiltansa (ablative plural)
Merkuriukselleen (allative singular)
Merkuriuksellensa (allative singular)
Merkuriuksilleen (allative plural)
Merkuriuksillensa (allative plural)
Merkuriuksenaan (essive singular)
Merkuriuksenansa (essive singular)
Merkuriuksinaan (essive plural)
Merkuriuksinansa (essive plural)
Merkuriuksekseen (singular translative)
Merkuriukseksensa (singular translative)
Merkuriuksikseen (plural translative)
Merkuriuksiksensa (plural translative)
Merkuriuksettaan (abessive singular)
Merkuriuksettansa (abessive singular)
Merkuriuksittaan (abessive plural)
Merkuriuksittansa (abessive plural)
Merkuriuksineen (comitative plural)
Merkuriuksinensa (comitative plural)


Merkurius

(Roman mythology) The Roman god associated with speed, sometimes used as a messenger. He wore winged sandals. Mercury corresponded to the Greek god Hermes.


Roman Empire

/ˈɹəʊmən ˈɛmpaɪə/

/ˈɹoʊmən ˈɛmpaɪɚ/

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Roman Empire.wav

The sense "something that one frequently thinks about" is a reference to the "How Often Do You Think About the Roman Empire?" meme, popularized on Instagram and TikTok around September 2023.

(historical) The empire which succeeded the Roman Republic and existed between 27 B.C.E. and 476 C.E. in the west (and until 1453 C.E. in the east; see Byzantine Empire), encompassing territories stretching from Britain and Germany to Spain, North Africa and the Persian Gulf.


Iron Curtain

/ˌaɪən ˈkɜːtn̩/

A specialized use of iron curtain (“(figurative) impenetrable barrier”), probably partly a calque of German eiserner Vorhang which was used in speeches in the 1940s that were translated into English. The English term appeared in telegrams from the British Prime Minister Winston Churchill (1874–1965) to the President of the United States Harry S. Truman (1884–1972) in 1945, before being popularized in a speech given by Churchill at Westminster College in Fulton, Missouri, on 5 March 1946: see the quotations.

We liked the plain people of Russia wherever we met them. […] We were behind the "iron curtain" at last!

1920, Mrs. Philip Snowden [i.e., Ethel Snowden], “Making Our Plans”, in Through Bolshevik Russia, London; New York, N.Y.: Cassell and Company, →OCLC, pages 31 and 32:

In the east the iron curtain behind which, unseen by the eyes of the world, the work of destruction goes on, is moving steadily forward.

1945 May 3, Court Schwerin von Krosigk [i.e., Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk], “New foreign minister broadcasts”, in [anonymous], transl., The Manchester Guardian, number 30,757, Manchester: […] John Russell Scott for the Manchester Guardian & Evening News, […], →OCLC, page 5, column 6:

An iron curtain is drawn down upon their [Russia's] front. We do not know what is going on behind.

1945 May 12, Winston Churchill, “No. 6: Leahy Papers: Telegram: Prime Minister Churchill to President [Harry S.] Truman”, in Foreign Relations of the United States: Diplomatic Papers: The Conference of Berlin (The Potsdam Conference) 1945 […] (86th Congress, 1st Session, House Document; no. 161, vol I; Department of State Publication; 7015), volume I, Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office, published 1960, →OCLC, paragraph 3, page 9:

From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic an iron curtain has descended across the Continent.

1946 March 5, Winston Churchill, “The Sinews of Peace”, in Westminster College Bulletin: World Spotlight Turns on Westminster, series 46, number 1, Fulton, Mo.: Westminster College, published April 1946, →OCLC, column 1:

Indeed, rail traffic of all kinds is developing through the Iron Curtain – for instance, last year a total of 6,445 wagons controlled by Interfrigo, the international company for refrigerated transport, passed between East and West; […]

1960 March, “Talking of Trains: London–Paris in Four Hours”, in Trains Illustrated, London: Ian Allan Publishing, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 134:

Justice is giving ground to the forces of evil. These developments have confused the camp of freedom and abetted the growth of Communism. Even so, the fierce struggle for freedom of the people shut behind the Iron Curtain and the support for their emancipation provided by peace-loving people outside the Iron Curtain have never ceased despite the buffeting from waves of appeasement.

1973 July 17 (date delivered), Chiang Kai-shek, “President Chiang Kai-shek’s Message to the Mass Rally Supporting Captive Nations Week”, in L. Y. Chen, editor, Free China Weekly, volume XIV, number 28, Taipei, Taiwan: Chung Hwa Information Service, published 22 July 1973, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 1, columns 1–2:

Now, we are not in a new Cold War. We don't see the descending of a new Iron Curtain, but we have moved back very, very sharply in the wrong direction. We must work with the many Russian democrats still functioning in and out of government, in and out of Parliament, in and out of the business community, to make the dream of a Russian democracy become a reality.

2007 May 17, Tom Lantos, Chairman, Russia: Rebuilding the Iron Curtain: Hearing before the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives, One Hundred Tenth Congress, First Session […] (Serial No. 110-65), Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, →ISBN, page 3:

[…] Christopher Hill, one of the Western critics whose works were cited and appreciated behind the Iron Curtain throughout the decades of state socialism.

2022, Miklós Péti, “Samson: An Unlikely Hero of Socialism”, in Timothy Mathews, editor, Paradise from behind the Iron Curtain: Reading, Translating and Staging Milton in Communist Hungary (Literature and Translation), London: UCL Press, →DOI, →ISBN, page 68:

(historical) Chiefly preceded by the: the dividing line between Western Europe and the Soviet controlled regions, especially during the Cold War (1947–1991).


Saturnus

Saturnus (nominative singular)
Saturnukset (nominative plural)
Saturnus (accusative nominative singular)
Saturnukset (accusative nominative plural)
Saturnuksen (accusative genitive singular)
Saturnukset (accusative genitive plural)
Saturnuksen (genitive singular)
Saturnusten (genitive plural)
Saturnuksien (genitive plural)
Saturnusta (partitive singular)
Saturnuksia (partitive plural)
Saturnuksessa (inessive singular)
Saturnuksissa (inessive plural)
Saturnuksesta (elative singular)
Saturnuksista (elative plural)
Saturnukseen (illative singular)
Saturnuksiin (illative plural)
Saturnuksella (adessive singular)
Saturnuksilla (adessive plural)
Saturnukselta (ablative singular)
Saturnuksilta (ablative plural)
Saturnukselle (allative singular)
Saturnuksille (allative plural)
Saturnuksena (essive singular)
Saturnuksina (essive plural)
Saturnukseksi (singular translative)
Saturnuksiksi (plural translative)
Saturnuksetta (abessive singular)
Saturnuksitta (abessive plural)
Saturnuksin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
Saturnukseni (nominative singular)
Saturnukseni (nominative plural)
Saturnukseni (accusative nominative singular)
Saturnukseni (accusative nominative plural)
Saturnukseni (accusative genitive singular)
Saturnukseni (accusative genitive plural)
Saturnukseni (genitive singular)
Saturnusteni (genitive plural)
Saturnuksieni (genitive plural)
Saturnustani (partitive singular)
Saturnuksiani (partitive plural)
Saturnuksessani (inessive singular)
Saturnuksissani (inessive plural)
Saturnuksestani (elative singular)
Saturnuksistani (elative plural)
Saturnukseeni (illative singular)
Saturnuksiini (illative plural)
Saturnuksellani (adessive singular)
Saturnuksillani (adessive plural)
Saturnukseltani (ablative singular)
Saturnuksiltani (ablative plural)
Saturnukselleni (allative singular)
Saturnuksilleni (allative plural)
Saturnuksenani (essive singular)
Saturnuksinani (essive plural)
Saturnuksekseni (singular translative)
Saturnuksikseni (plural translative)
Saturnuksettani (abessive singular)
Saturnuksittani (abessive plural)
Saturnuksineni (comitative plural)
Saturnuksesi (nominative singular)
Saturnuksesi (nominative plural)
Saturnuksesi (accusative nominative singular)
Saturnuksesi (accusative nominative plural)
Saturnuksesi (accusative genitive singular)
Saturnuksesi (accusative genitive plural)
Saturnuksesi (genitive singular)
Saturnustesi (genitive plural)
Saturnuksiesi (genitive plural)
Saturnustasi (partitive singular)
Saturnuksiasi (partitive plural)
Saturnuksessasi (inessive singular)
Saturnuksissasi (inessive plural)
Saturnuksestasi (elative singular)
Saturnuksistasi (elative plural)
Saturnukseesi (illative singular)
Saturnuksiisi (illative plural)
Saturnuksellasi (adessive singular)
Saturnuksillasi (adessive plural)
Saturnukseltasi (ablative singular)
Saturnuksiltasi (ablative plural)
Saturnuksellesi (allative singular)
Saturnuksillesi (allative plural)
Saturnuksenasi (essive singular)
Saturnuksinasi (essive plural)
Saturnukseksesi (singular translative)
Saturnuksiksesi (plural translative)
Saturnuksettasi (abessive singular)
Saturnuksittasi (abessive plural)
Saturnuksinesi (comitative plural)
Saturnuksemme (nominative singular)
Saturnuksemme (nominative plural)
Saturnuksemme (accusative nominative singular)
Saturnuksemme (accusative nominative plural)
Saturnuksemme (accusative genitive singular)
Saturnuksemme (accusative genitive plural)
Saturnuksemme (genitive singular)
Saturnustemme (genitive plural)
Saturnuksiemme (genitive plural)
Saturnustamme (partitive singular)
Saturnuksiamme (partitive plural)
Saturnuksessamme (inessive singular)
Saturnuksissamme (inessive plural)
Saturnuksestamme (elative singular)
Saturnuksistamme (elative plural)
Saturnukseemme (illative singular)
Saturnuksiimme (illative plural)
Saturnuksellamme (adessive singular)
Saturnuksillamme (adessive plural)
Saturnukseltamme (ablative singular)
Saturnuksiltamme (ablative plural)
Saturnuksellemme (allative singular)
Saturnuksillemme (allative plural)
Saturnuksenamme (essive singular)
Saturnuksinamme (essive plural)
Saturnukseksemme (singular translative)
Saturnuksiksemme (plural translative)
Saturnuksettamme (abessive singular)
Saturnuksittamme (abessive plural)
Saturnuksinemme (comitative plural)
Saturnuksenne (nominative singular)
Saturnuksenne (nominative plural)
Saturnuksenne (accusative nominative singular)
Saturnuksenne (accusative nominative plural)
Saturnuksenne (accusative genitive singular)
Saturnuksenne (accusative genitive plural)
Saturnuksenne (genitive singular)
Saturnustenne (genitive plural)
Saturnuksienne (genitive plural)
Saturnustanne (partitive singular)
Saturnuksianne (partitive plural)
Saturnuksessanne (inessive singular)
Saturnuksissanne (inessive plural)
Saturnuksestanne (elative singular)
Saturnuksistanne (elative plural)
Saturnukseenne (illative singular)
Saturnuksiinne (illative plural)
Saturnuksellanne (adessive singular)
Saturnuksillanne (adessive plural)
Saturnukseltanne (ablative singular)
Saturnuksiltanne (ablative plural)
Saturnuksellenne (allative singular)
Saturnuksillenne (allative plural)
Saturnuksenanne (essive singular)
Saturnuksinanne (essive plural)
Saturnukseksenne (singular translative)
Saturnuksiksenne (plural translative)
Saturnuksettanne (abessive singular)
Saturnuksittanne (abessive plural)
Saturnuksinenne (comitative plural)
Saturnuksensa (nominative singular)
Saturnuksensa (nominative plural)
Saturnuksensa (accusative nominative singular)
Saturnuksensa (accusative nominative plural)
Saturnuksensa (accusative genitive singular)
Saturnuksensa (accusative genitive plural)
Saturnuksensa (genitive singular)
Saturnustensa (genitive plural)
Saturnuksiensa (genitive plural)
Saturnustaan (partitive singular)
Saturnustansa (partitive singular)
Saturnuksiaan (partitive plural)
Saturnuksiansa (partitive plural)
Saturnuksessaan (inessive singular)
Saturnuksessansa (inessive singular)
Saturnuksissaan (inessive plural)
Saturnuksissansa (inessive plural)
Saturnuksestaan (elative singular)
Saturnuksestansa (elative singular)
Saturnuksistaan (elative plural)
Saturnuksistansa (elative plural)
Saturnukseensa (illative singular)
Saturnuksiinsa (illative plural)
Saturnuksellaan (adessive singular)
Saturnuksellansa (adessive singular)
Saturnuksillaan (adessive plural)
Saturnuksillansa (adessive plural)
Saturnukseltaan (ablative singular)
Saturnukseltansa (ablative singular)
Saturnuksiltaan (ablative plural)
Saturnuksiltansa (ablative plural)
Saturnukselleen (allative singular)
Saturnuksellensa (allative singular)
Saturnuksilleen (allative plural)
Saturnuksillensa (allative plural)
Saturnuksenaan (essive singular)
Saturnuksenansa (essive singular)
Saturnuksinaan (essive plural)
Saturnuksinansa (essive plural)
Saturnuksekseen (singular translative)
Saturnukseksensa (singular translative)
Saturnuksikseen (plural translative)
Saturnuksiksensa (plural translative)
Saturnuksettaan (abessive singular)
Saturnuksettansa (abessive singular)
Saturnuksittaan (abessive plural)
Saturnuksittansa (abessive plural)
Saturnuksineen (comitative plural)
Saturnuksinensa (comitative plural)


Saturnus

Internationalism, borrowed from Dutch Saturnus, from Latin Saturnus.

(Roman mythology) The god of fertility and agriculture, equivalent to the Greek Kronos.


Saturnus

la-proper noun

Sāturnus m (genitive Sāturnī); second declension

Sāturnus (canonical masculine)
Sāturnī (genitive)
Sāturnus (nominative singular)
Sāturnī (nominative plural)
Sāturnī (genitive singular)
Sāturnōrum (genitive plural)
Sāturnō (dative singular)
Sāturnīs (dative plural)
Sāturnum (accusative singular)
Sāturnōs (accusative plural)
Sāturnō (ablative singular)
Sāturnīs (ablative plural)
Sāturne (singular vocative)
Sāturnī (plural vocative)

→ Albanian: Shtunë

→ English: Saturn

→ German: Saturn

desctree

→ Old Galician-Portuguese: Saturno
Galician: Saturno
Portuguese: Saturno

→ Proto-Brythonic: *Sadurn (from Vulgar Latin Săturnus)

Breton: Sadorn

Cornish: Sadorn

Middle Welsh: Sadwrn

Welsh: Sadwrn

→ Proto-West Germanic: *Sāturnas dag (see there for further descendants)

[s̠äːˈt̪ʊrnʊs̠]

Probably from Etruscan 𐌔𐌀𐌕𐌓𐌄 (satre); alternative derivation from Latin satus, the past participle of serō (“to sow”), is then mere folk-etymology.

(Roman mythology) Saturn (god of fertility and agriculture)


telega

teleżka (diminutive)
telega (nominative singular)
telegi (nominative plural)
telegi (genitive singular)
teleg (genitive plural)
teledze (dative singular)
telegom (dative plural)
telegę (accusative singular)
telegi (accusative plural)
telegą (instrumental singular)
telegami (instrumental plural)
teledze (locative singular)
telegach (locative plural)
telego (singular vocative)
telegi (plural vocative)

Dwie telegi tego rodzaju zastaliśmy przed więzieniem w wewnętrznym jego dziedzińcu[…]

1876, Konstanty Wolicki, Wspomnienia z czasów pobytu w cytadeli warszawskiej i na Syberyi. (Erinnerungen aus den Zeiten des Aufenthaltes in der Warschauer Cittadelle und in Sibirien.), page 57:

We found two telegas of this kind in front of the prison in its inner courtyard […]

(historical) telega (simple four-wheeled Russian cart without springs)


tyrant

→ Welsh: teirant

From Middle English tyraunt, tiraunt, tyrant, tyrante, from Old French tyrant, from the addition of a terminal -t to tiran (cp. French tyran) via a back-formation related to the development of French present participles out of the Latin -ans form, from Latin tyrannus (“despot”), from Ancient Greek τύραννος (túrannos, “usurper, monarch, despot”), of uncertain origin.

tirà

person who uses violence to treat others unjustly

To proue him Tyrant, this reason may suffice, That Henry liueth still.

c. 1591–1592 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Third Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iii], line 71:

The reappearance of tyranny [in the 4th century BC] had many reasons... one of the main causes was the development of antagonism between rich and poor; tyrants came to power exploiting a social and political imbalance within the state.

1980, Michel Austin et al., Economic and Social History of Ancient Greece, section 142:

Ancient Greek tyrannies appeared once more in great numbers with the breakdown of the polis in the period from the fourth to the second centuries [BC]. These later tyrannies tended to rely on a more narrow class base and to use a brutal military rule, and thus writers could use the words tyrant and tyranny, with their modern connotations of evil and cruelty, to describe them accurately.

1996, Roger Boesche, Theories of Tyranny, from Plato to Arendt, section 4:

(historical, Ancient Greece) A usurper; one who gains power and rules extralegally, distinguished from kings elevated by election or succession.


plebe

Borrowed from Latin plēbem. Compare the inherited doublet pieve.

(historical, Ancient Rome) plebs (plebeian class)


karma

en-noun

karma (countable and uncountable, plural karmas)

Borrowed from Sanskrit कर्मन् (kárman, “act, action, performance”), first attested in English in 1785 in a translation of the Bhagavad Gita by Charles Wilkins.

bor

‘We are all part of a circle of karma. We will be rewarded for the good deeds of our forefathers, and pay the price for their sins.’

2023, Santanu Bhattacharya, One Small Voice, Fig Tree, pages 59-60:

(Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Jainism) The sum total of a person's actions, which determine the person's next incarnation in samsara, the cycle of death and rebirth.

كَارْمَا

the total effect of a person’s actions and conduct during the successive phases of his existence


karma

Borrowed from Sanskrit कर्मन् (kárman, “act, action, performance”).

bor+

(Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Jainism) karma


karma

karma (nominative singular)
karmy (nominative plural)
karmy (genitive singular)
karem (genitive plural)
karmě (dative singular)
karmám (dative plural)
karmu (accusative singular)
karmy (accusative plural)
karmo (singular vocative)
karmy (plural vocative)
karmě (locative singular)
karmách (locative plural)
karmou (instrumental singular)
karmami (instrumental plural)


karma

From Sanskrit कर्मन् (kárman, “act, action, performance”), possibly via English karma.


karma

eo-head

karma (accusative singular karman, plural karmaj, accusative plural karmajn)

karman (accusative singular)
karmaj (plural)
karmajn (accusative plural)


karma

karma (nominative singular)
karmat (nominative plural)
karma (accusative nominative singular)
karmat (accusative nominative plural)
karman (accusative genitive singular)
karmat (accusative genitive plural)
karman (genitive singular)
karmojen (genitive plural)
karmain (genitive plural rare)
karmaa (partitive singular)
karmoja (partitive plural)
karmassa (inessive singular)
karmoissa (inessive plural)
karmasta (elative singular)
karmoista (elative plural)
karmaan (illative singular)
karmoihin (illative plural)
karmalla (adessive singular)
karmoilla (adessive plural)
karmalta (ablative singular)
karmoilta (ablative plural)
karmalle (allative singular)
karmoille (allative plural)
karmana (essive singular)
karmoina (essive plural)
karmaksi (singular translative)
karmoiksi (plural translative)
karmatta (abessive singular)
karmoitta (abessive plural)
karmoin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
karmani (nominative singular)
karmani (nominative plural)
karmani (accusative nominative singular)
karmani (accusative nominative plural)
karmani (accusative genitive singular)
karmani (accusative genitive plural)
karmani (genitive singular)
karmojeni (genitive plural)
karmaini (genitive plural rare)
karmaani (partitive singular)
karmojani (partitive plural)
karmassani (inessive singular)
karmoissani (inessive plural)
karmastani (elative singular)
karmoistani (elative plural)
karmaani (illative singular)
karmoihini (illative plural)
karmallani (adessive singular)
karmoillani (adessive plural)
karmaltani (ablative singular)
karmoiltani (ablative plural)
karmalleni (allative singular)
karmoilleni (allative plural)
karmanani (essive singular)
karmoinani (essive plural)
karmakseni (singular translative)
karmoikseni (plural translative)
karmattani (abessive singular)
karmoittani (abessive plural)
karmoineni (comitative plural)
karmasi (nominative singular)
karmasi (nominative plural)
karmasi (accusative nominative singular)
karmasi (accusative nominative plural)
karmasi (accusative genitive singular)
karmasi (accusative genitive plural)
karmasi (genitive singular)
karmojesi (genitive plural)
karmaisi (genitive plural rare)
karmaasi (partitive singular)
karmojasi (partitive plural)
karmassasi (inessive singular)
karmoissasi (inessive plural)
karmastasi (elative singular)
karmoistasi (elative plural)
karmaasi (illative singular)
karmoihisi (illative plural)
karmallasi (adessive singular)
karmoillasi (adessive plural)
karmaltasi (ablative singular)
karmoiltasi (ablative plural)
karmallesi (allative singular)
karmoillesi (allative plural)
karmanasi (essive singular)
karmoinasi (essive plural)
karmaksesi (singular translative)
karmoiksesi (plural translative)
karmattasi (abessive singular)
karmoittasi (abessive plural)
karmoinesi (comitative plural)
karmamme (nominative singular)
karmamme (nominative plural)
karmamme (accusative nominative singular)
karmamme (accusative nominative plural)
karmamme (accusative genitive singular)
karmamme (accusative genitive plural)
karmamme (genitive singular)
karmojemme (genitive plural)
karmaimme (genitive plural rare)
karmaamme (partitive singular)
karmojamme (partitive plural)
karmassamme (inessive singular)
karmoissamme (inessive plural)
karmastamme (elative singular)
karmoistamme (elative plural)
karmaamme (illative singular)
karmoihimme (illative plural)
karmallamme (adessive singular)
karmoillamme (adessive plural)
karmaltamme (ablative singular)
karmoiltamme (ablative plural)
karmallemme (allative singular)
karmoillemme (allative plural)
karmanamme (essive singular)
karmoinamme (essive plural)
karmaksemme (singular translative)
karmoiksemme (plural translative)
karmattamme (abessive singular)
karmoittamme (abessive plural)
karmoinemme (comitative plural)
karmanne (nominative singular)
karmanne (nominative plural)
karmanne (accusative nominative singular)
karmanne (accusative nominative plural)
karmanne (accusative genitive singular)
karmanne (accusative genitive plural)
karmanne (genitive singular)
karmojenne (genitive plural)
karmainne (genitive plural rare)
karmaanne (partitive singular)
karmojanne (partitive plural)
karmassanne (inessive singular)
karmoissanne (inessive plural)
karmastanne (elative singular)
karmoistanne (elative plural)
karmaanne (illative singular)
karmoihinne (illative plural)
karmallanne (adessive singular)
karmoillanne (adessive plural)
karmaltanne (ablative singular)
karmoiltanne (ablative plural)
karmallenne (allative singular)
karmoillenne (allative plural)
karmananne (essive singular)
karmoinanne (essive plural)
karmaksenne (singular translative)
karmoiksenne (plural translative)
karmattanne (abessive singular)
karmoittanne (abessive plural)
karmoinenne (comitative plural)
karmansa (nominative singular)
karmansa (nominative plural)
karmansa (accusative nominative singular)
karmansa (accusative nominative plural)
karmansa (accusative genitive singular)
karmansa (accusative genitive plural)
karmansa (genitive singular)
karmojensa (genitive plural)
karmainsa (genitive plural rare)
karmaansa (partitive singular)
karmojaan (partitive plural)
karmojansa (partitive plural)
karmassaan (inessive singular)
karmassansa (inessive singular)
karmoissaan (inessive plural)
karmoissansa (inessive plural)
karmastaan (elative singular)
karmastansa (elative singular)
karmoistaan (elative plural)
karmoistansa (elative plural)
karmaansa (illative singular)
karmoihinsa (illative plural)
karmallaan (adessive singular)
karmallansa (adessive singular)
karmoillaan (adessive plural)
karmoillansa (adessive plural)
karmaltaan (ablative singular)
karmaltansa (ablative singular)
karmoiltaan (ablative plural)
karmoiltansa (ablative plural)
karmalleen (allative singular)
karmallensa (allative singular)
karmoilleen (allative plural)
karmoillensa (allative plural)
karmanaan (essive singular)
karmanansa (essive singular)
karmoinaan (essive plural)
karmoinansa (essive plural)
karmakseen (singular translative)
karmaksensa (singular translative)
karmoikseen (plural translative)
karmoiksensa (plural translative)
karmattaan (abessive singular)
karmattansa (abessive singular)
karmoittaan (abessive plural)
karmoittansa (abessive plural)
karmoineen (comitative plural)
karmoinensa (comitative plural)

Borrowed from Sanskrit कर्मन् (kárman, “act, action, performance”). Appears as headword on p. 341 of the Pieni Tietosanakirja ("Little Encyclopedia") https://runeberg.org/pieni/2/0215.html from 1925-28, published by Otava, Helsinki.


karma

karma (nominative singular)
karmák (nominative plural)
karmát (accusative singular)
karmákat (accusative plural)
karmának (dative singular)
karmáknak (dative plural)
karmával (instrumental singular)
karmákkal (instrumental plural)
karmáért (causal-final singular)
karmákért (causal-final plural)
karmává (singular translative)
karmákká (plural translative)
karmáig (singular terminative)
karmákig (plural terminative)
karmaként (essive-formal singular)
karmákként (essive-formal plural)
karmául (essive-modal singular)
karmában (inessive singular)
karmákban (inessive plural)
karmán (singular superessive)
karmákon (plural superessive)
karmánál (adessive singular)
karmáknál (adessive plural)
karmába (illative singular)
karmákba (illative plural)
karmára (singular sublative)
karmákra (plural sublative)
karmához (allative singular)
karmákhoz (allative plural)
karmából (elative singular)
karmákból (elative plural)
karmáról (delative singular)
karmákról (delative plural)
karmától (ablative singular)
karmáktól (ablative plural)
karmáé (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
karmáké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
karmáéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
karmákéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)


karma

is-noun

karma n (genitive singular karma, no plural)

karma (genitive singular)
karma (indefinite nominative singular)
karmað (definite nominative singular)
karma (accusative indefinite singular)
karmað (accusative definite singular)
karma (dative indefinite singular)
karmanu (dative definite singular)
karma (genitive indefinite singular)
karmans (definite genitive singular)


karma

From Sanskrit कर्म (karma), कर्मन् (karman), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *kárma, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kárma, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷer- (“to do, make”).

der

(Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Jainism) karma,

A force or law of nature which causes one to reap what one sows; destiny; fate.


karma

Borrowed from Sanskrit कर्मन् (karman, “act, action, performance”), from the root कृ (kṛ, “to do, make”), from the Proto-Indo-European root *kʷer- (“to do, make, build”).


karma

karma (nominative singular)
karmy (genitive singular)
karmie (dative singular)
karmę (accusative singular)
karmą (instrumental singular)
karmie (locative singular)
karmo (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit कर्मन् (karman). Doublet of karman.

lbor

(Buddhism, Hinduism, Jainism, Sikhism) karma (total effect of a person's actions and conduct during the successive phases of their existence)


karma

Borrowed from English karma or French karma.


karma

kȁrma (canonical masculine)
ка̏рма (Cyrillic)
kȁrma (nominative singular)
karme (nominative plural)
karme (genitive singular)
kȃrmā (genitive plural)
kȃrmī (genitive plural)
karmi (dative singular)
karmama (dative plural)
karmu (accusative singular)
karme (accusative plural)
karmo (singular vocative)
karme (plural vocative)
karmi (locative singular)
karmama (locative plural)
karmom (instrumental singular)
karmama (instrumental plural)


karma

head

karma (definite accusative karmayı, plural karmalar)

karmayı (accusative definite)
karmalar (plural)
karma (nominative singular)
karmalar (nominative plural)
karmayı (accusative definite singular)
karmaları (accusative definite plural)
karmaya (dative singular)
karmalara (dative plural)
karmada (locative singular)
karmalarda (locative plural)
karmadan (ablative singular)
karmalardan (ablative plural)
karmanın (genitive singular)
karmaların (genitive plural)
karmam (first-person nominative singular)
karmalarım (first-person nominative singular)
karman (nominative second-person singular)
karmaların (nominative second-person singular)
karması (nominative singular third-person)
karmaları (nominative singular third-person)
karmamız (first-person nominative plural)
karmalarımız (first-person nominative plural)
karmanız (nominative plural second-person)
karmalarınız (nominative plural second-person)
karmaları (nominative plural third-person)
karmamı (accusative definite first-person singular)
karmalarımı (accusative definite first-person singular)
karmanı (accusative definite second-person singular)
karmalarını (accusative definite second-person singular)
karmasını (accusative definite singular third-person)
karmalarını (accusative definite singular third-person)
karmamızı (accusative definite first-person plural)
karmalarımızı (accusative definite first-person plural)
karmanızı (accusative definite plural second-person)
karmalarınızı (accusative definite plural second-person)
karmalarını (accusative definite plural third-person)
karmama (dative first-person singular)
karmalarıma (dative first-person singular)
karmana (dative second-person singular)
karmalarına (dative second-person singular)
karmasına (dative singular third-person)
karmalarına (dative singular third-person)
karmamıza (dative first-person plural)
karmalarımıza (dative first-person plural)
karmanıza (dative plural second-person)
karmalarınıza (dative plural second-person)
karmalarına (dative plural third-person)
karmamda (first-person locative singular)
karmalarımda (first-person locative singular)
karmanda (locative second-person singular)
karmalarında (locative second-person singular)
karmasında (locative singular third-person)
karmalarında (locative singular third-person)
karmamızda (first-person locative plural)
karmalarımızda (first-person locative plural)
karmanızda (locative plural second-person)
karmalarınızda (locative plural second-person)
karmalarında (locative plural third-person)
karmamdan (ablative first-person singular)
karmalarımdan (ablative first-person singular)
karmandan (ablative second-person singular)
karmalarından (ablative second-person singular)
karmasından (ablative singular third-person)
karmalarından (ablative singular third-person)
karmamızdan (ablative first-person plural)
karmalarımızdan (ablative first-person plural)
karmanızdan (ablative plural second-person)
karmalarınızdan (ablative plural second-person)
karmalarından (ablative plural third-person)
karmamın (first-person genitive singular)
karmalarımın (first-person genitive singular)
karmanın (genitive second-person singular)
karmalarının (genitive second-person singular)
karmasının (genitive singular third-person)
karmalarının (genitive singular third-person)
karmamızın (first-person genitive plural)
karmalarımızın (first-person genitive plural)
karmanızın (genitive plural second-person)
karmalarınızın (genitive plural second-person)
karmalarının (genitive plural third-person)

Probably from English karma, ultimately from Sanskrit कर्मन् (karman).


boto

From Konkani [script needed] (bhat), from Sanskrit भट्ट (bhaṭṭa).

(Hinduism) Bhat (Brahmin who has learned all the four Vedas)


palla

Borrowed from Latin palla, of uncertain origin.

(historical, Ancient Rome) palla (cloth worn by ladies)


heros

heros (nominative singular)
herosi (nominative plural)
herosowie (nominative plural)
herosa (genitive singular)
herosów (genitive plural)
herosowi (dative singular)
herosom (dative plural)
herosa (accusative singular)
herosów (accusative plural)
herosem (instrumental singular)
herosami (instrumental plural)
herosie (locative singular)
herosach (locative plural)
herosie (singular vocative)
herosi (plural vocative)
herosowie (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin hērōs, from Ancient Greek ἥρως (hḗrōs). Doublet of gieroj.


Democritus

From Ancient Greek Δημόκριτος (Dēmókritos).

A Greek philosopher (c.460-c.370 BC). The originator of the atomic theory together with his teacher Leucippus.


boing

Onomatopoeic. The “large breasts” sense is borrowed from Japanese ボイン, in turn from English boing.

A representation of the sound of something bouncing.

(fandom slang, chiefly in the context of anime and comics) Announcing the presence of large, pert breasts, which are bouncy.


boing

→ Japanese: ボイン

→ English: boing

(fandom slang, chiefly in the context of anime and comics) Large breasts.


Hesiod

Semi-learned borrowing from Latin Hēsiodus, from Ancient Greek Ἡσίοδος (Hēsíodos).

slbor

Ancient Greek poet and rhapsodist of the 8th century BCE, known as the first author of didactic verse


hexagram

/ˈhɛksəɡɹæm/

A hollow six-pointed star formed by overlapping two equilateral triangles.

Any of the 64 sets of solid and broken lines, formed by pairs of trigrams, used for divination in the I Ching.

A large silver coin minted during the Byzantine Empire.


Seth

From Ancient Greek Σήθ (Sḗth), from Egyptian s-t:X (stẖ).

(Egyptian mythology) An ancient Egyptian god, variously described as the god of chaos, the god of thunder and storms, or the god of destruction.


Seth

de-proper noun

Seth m (proper noun, strong, genitive Seths or Seth)

de:Set (Bibel)
de:Seth (Ägyptische Mythologie)


flamen

(historical, Ancient Rome) A priest devoted to the service of a particular god, from whom he received a distinguishing epithet. The most honored were those of Jupiter, Mars, and Quirinus, called respectively Flamen Dialis, Flamen Martialis, and Flamen Quirinalis.


Bacchus

From the Latin Bacchus, from the Ancient Greek Βάκχος (Bákkhos).

(Roman mythology) Dionysus, the Greek god of wine and vivid social gatherings.


Bacchus

la-proper noun

Bacchus m (genitive Bacchī); second declension

Bacchī (genitive)
Bacchus (nominative singular)
Bacchī (nominative plural)
Bacchī (genitive singular)
Bacchōrum (genitive plural)
Bacchō (dative singular)
Bacchīs (dative plural)
Bacchum (accusative singular)
Bacchōs (accusative plural)
Bacchō (ablative singular)
Bacchīs (ablative plural)
Bacche (singular vocative)
Bacchī (plural vocative)

→ English: Bacchus (learned)

→ French: Bacchus (learned)

→ Italian: Bacco, bacco (learned)

→ Portuguese: Baco (learned)

→ Spanish: Baco (learned)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Βάκχος (Bákkhos).

bor+

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) Bacchus


Xenophanes

From Ancient Greek Ξενοφάνης (Xenophánēs). The name means “of foreign appearance” and is composed of ξένος (xénos, “foreign”) + φαίνω (phaínō, “appear”).

Lucretius was the Xenophanes of Roman culture, a great theorist (visionary), an ardent disciple of Universal Nature, an enemy of all superstition, false gods, and false fear of death, […]

1931, Hermann Schneider, Margaret Minna Green, The History of World Civilization, volume 2, page 614:

No Xenophanes arose amongst the Jews to rebuke them for ascribing to Jahweh acts which would be accounted a shame and a disgrace amongst men; […]

1970, John Arthur Passmore, The Perfectibility of Man, page 77:

Euthyphro is no Xenophanes but as a religious and thinking man he can turn to great teachers; […]

1985, Michael Despland, The Education of Desire, page 33:

The pre-Socratic philosopher Xenophanes of Colophon; by extension or reference, any profound or transformative religious thinker.


Oceanid

(Greek mythology) Any of the sea nymphs, daughters of Oceanus and Tethys.


gens

Bilecik Province
Marcus Aurelius
Roman emperor

Borrowed from Latin gēns (“gens; people, tribe”), from Proto-Italic *gentis, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵénh₁tis (“birth; production”), from *ǵenh₁- (“to beget; to give birth; to produce”) + *-tis (suffix forming abstract or action nouns from verb roots). Doublet of kind, genesis, and jati. See also gender, generate, gentile, genus; also Latin gigno (“I bring forth”).

gentile

of or pertaining to a gens or several gentes

[page 568, column 2] There were certain sacred rites (sacra gentilitia) which belonged to a gens, to the observance of which all the members of a gens, as such, were bound, whether they were members by birth, adoption, or adrogation. A person was freed from the observance of such sacra, and lost the privileges connected with his gentile rites, when he lost his gens, that is, when he was adrogated, adopted, or even emancipated; for adrogation, adoption, and emancipation were accompanied by a diminutio capitis. […] [page 569, column 2] As the gentes were subdivisions of the three ancient tribes, the populus (in the ancient sense) alone had gentes, so that to be a patrician and to have a gens were synonymous; and thus we find the expressions gens and patricii constantly united.

1848, G[eorge] L[ong], “GENS”, in William Smith, editor, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, 2nd improved and enlarged edition, London: Taylor, Walton, and Maberly, Upper Gower Street; and Ivy Lane, Paternoster Row; John Murray, Albemarle Street, →OCLC, pages 568 and 569:

Caius Julius Caesar belonged to the gens Julius, his father's name was Caesar, and his own individual name (praenomen) was Caius. Women were given the clan name as their own; Caesar's sister was called Julia, and a younger sister would have been called Julia Minor.

1987, Frances Gies, Joseph Gies, “Roots: Roman, German, Christian”, in Marriage and Family in the Middle Ages, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Row, →ISBN:

(Ancient Rome, historical) A legally defined unit of Roman society, being a collection of people related through a common ancestor by birth, marriage or adoption, possibly over many generations, and sharing the same nomen gentilicium.


gens

Borrowed from Latin gēns. Doublet of gente.

(Ancient Rome) gens (in Ancient Rome, a group of people descending from a common ancestor)


Diogenes

Diogenes (nominative singular)
Diogenesowie (nominative plural)
Diogenesa (genitive singular)
Diogenesów (genitive plural)
Diogenesowi (dative singular)
Diogenesom (dative plural)
Diogenesa (accusative singular)
Diogenesów (accusative plural)
Diogenesem (instrumental singular)
Diogenesami (instrumental plural)
Diogenesie (locative singular)
Diogenesach (locative plural)
Diogenesie (singular vocative)
Diogenesowie (plural vocative)

(uncountable, Ancient Greece, philosophy) Diogenes (Ancient Greek philosopher and one of the founders of Cynicism)


gotra

(Hinduism) The lineage or clan assigned to a Hindu at birth.


energia

energia (nominative singular)
energie (nominative plural)
energii (genitive singular)
energii (genitive plural)
energij (archaic genitive plural)
energii (dative singular)
energiom (dative plural)
energię (accusative singular)
energie (accusative plural)
energią (instrumental singular)
energiami (instrumental plural)
energii (locative singular)
energiach (locative plural)
energio (singular vocative)
energie (plural vocative)

Internationalism; possibly borrowed from German Energie or French énergie, ultimately from Latin energīa. First attested in 1606. Compare Kashubian energiô and Silesian ynergijŏ.

ref

Rozmowa o rokoszu (in Polish), 1606, page 111: “Nuż co była sama energia, sama medulla rokoszu tego, na żołnierza utriusque partis i na sługi senatorskie i panięce: »Kto cnotliwy, do braciej!« nie zawołano.”

(Ancient Greece, philosophy) energy (form as opposed to matter as potency)


pontiff

Borrowed from Middle French pontife m, from Latin pontifex m. Doublet of pontifex.

(historical, Ancient Rome) A member of the most illustrious of the colleges of priests of the Roman religion, the College of Pontiffs; a pontifex.


Prometheus

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Prometheus.wav

From Ancient Greek Προμηθεύς (Promētheús), from πρό (pró, “before”) + μανθάνω (manthánō, “to think”).

(Greek mythology) The Titan chiefly honored for stealing fire from Zeus in the stalk of a fennel plant and giving it to mortals for their use. The god of fire and craft.


Prometheus

head

Prometheus m (genitive Prometheus or Prometheus')

Prometheus (genitive)
Prometheus' (genitive)

From Latin Promēthe͡us or from Ancient Greek Προμηθεύς (Promētheús).


Prometheus

la-proper noun

Promētheus m sg (genitive Promētheī or Promētheos); second declension

Promētheus (canonical masculine singular)
Promētheī (genitive)
Promētheos (genitive)
Promētheus (nominative singular)
Promētheī (genitive singular)
Promētheos (genitive singular)
Promētheō (dative singular)
Promētheum (accusative singular)
Promēthea (accusative singular)
Promētheō (ablative singular)
Promētheu (singular vocative)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Προμηθεύς (Promētheús).


Москва

ru-proper noun+

Москва́ • (Moskvá) f inan (genitive Москвы́, relational adjective моско́вский)

Москва́ (canonical)
Moskvá (romanization)
Москвы́ (genitive)
моско́вский (adjective relational)
Москва́ (nominative singular)
Москвы́ (genitive singular)
Москве́ (dative singular)
Москву́ (accusative singular)
Москво́й (instrumental singular)
Москво́ю (instrumental singular)
Москве́ (prepositional singular)
Москва́ (dated nominative singular)
Москвы́ (dated genitive singular)
Москвѣ́ (dated dative singular)
Москву́ (accusative dated singular)
Москво́й (dated instrumental singular)
Москво́ю (dated instrumental singular)
Москвѣ́ (dated prepositional singular)

→ Armenian: Մոսկվա (Moskva)

→ Azerbaijani: Moskva

→ Belarusian: Масква (Maskva)

→ Czech: Moskva

Czech: moskva (“rye bread”) (uncommon)

→ Dungan: Москва (Moskva)

→ Greek: Μόσχα (Móscha)

→ Hebrew: מוסקבה (moskvá)

→ Hungarian: Moszkva

→ Ingrian: Moskova

→ Italian: Mosca

→ Japanese: モスクワ (Mosukuwa)

→ Karaim: Москва (Moskva)

→ Korean: 모스크바 (moseukeuba)

→ Kyrgyz: Москва (Moskva)

→ Latvian: Maskava

→ Lithuanian: Maskva

→ Norwegian Bokmål: Moskva

→ Polish: Moskwa

→ Romanian: Moscova

→ Slovak: Moskva

→ Vietnamese: Mát-xcơ-va

→ Yiddish: מאָסקווע (moskve)

Inherited from Old East Slavic *Москꙑ (*Mosky), originally referring to the river, probably from Proto-Slavic *mosky of unknown origin. Perhaps related to Czech moskva (“raw bread”), Slovak mozga (“puddle”), Polish Mozgawa, and more distantly Lithuanian mazgóti (“to wash, rinse”), Sanskrit मज्जति (májjati, “to sink”), Latin mergō (“to dive”). Doublet of Моско́вия (Moskóvija).

inh+

в Москве́

в Москву́

из Москвы́

Москва́ просну́лась и завизжа́ла трамва́ями. … Ле́тнее со́лнце ликова́ло над полнокро́вной землёй, и взо́рам двух люде́й предста́ла но́вая Москва́ ― чуде́сный го́род могу́щественной культу́ры, упря́мого труда́ и у́много сча́стья.

1926—1927, Andrei Platonov, Эфирный тракт:

Moscow awakened and screamed with trams. … The summer sun rejoiced over the full-blooded land, and two men appeared before the gaze of a new Moscow ― a wonderful city of powerful culture, stubborn labor and intelligent happiness.

Moskvá prosnúlasʹ i zavizžála tramvájami. … Létneje sólnce likoválo nad polnokróvnoj zemljój, i vzóram dvux ljudéj predstála nóvaja Moskvá ― čudésnyj górod mogúščestvennoj kulʹtúry, uprjámovo trudá i úmnovo sčástʹja.

Moscow (a federal city, the capital of Russia)


Rama

en:Rama (disambiguation)
en:Rendezvous with Rama

Borrowed from Sanskrit रमा (ramā).
* (Oumuamua): The nickname derives from the similarity of Oumuamua to the fictional object "Rama" in the story Rendezvous with Rama, where that fictional object is named for the goddess.

(Hinduism) A name of the goddess Lakshmi.

A female given name from Sanskrit mainly used in India.

Alternative form of Rāma (“an incarnation of the god Vishnu in Hinduism”).


Olympic Games

From Olympic + games, after Middle French ieux olympiques.

The first Olympic Games are traditionally dated to 776 BC.

In the times of the Olimpike games, with chariots exceeding all other in magnificence, he also sent poets and musitians to present his verses, with tents and pavillions gilt and most suinptuously tapistried.

1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 17, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC:

Olympic Games. — Besides the ordinary confederacies that join independent states together, a singular federal bond is remarkable in the Olympic games, which for many ages cemented the Grecian commonwealths by a joint tie of recreation and religious ritual.

1840, John Dunlop, The Universal Tendency to Association in Mankind. Analyzed and Illustrated, London: Houlston and Stoneman, page 103:

(historical, Ancient Greece) A sporting festival held every four or five years on the Plain of Olympia in southern Greece, in honour of Zeus.

Olympian kisat

sporting festival held every four or five years in southern Greece


mina

Borrowed from Latin mina, from Ancient Greek μνᾶ (mnâ, “mna”). Compare maneh, from Biblical Hebrew מָנֶה (māne), as well as maund.

What then of the actual fine of thirty minae Socrates proposes? Thirty minae was a large sum, “the equivalent of approximately eight-and-one-half years′ wages," according to one recent estimate (Brickhouse and Smith 1988, 227); enough to buy a library of three thousand philosophy books, if the price of Anaxogoras′ book is any guide (26d6-e2).

1989, C. D. C Reeve, Socrates in the Apology: An Essay on Plato′s Apology of Socrates, page 174:

(historical) A monetary unit of ancient Greece and the Middle East, originally equivalent to the weight of a mina of silver.


Damascus

From Latin Damascus, from Ancient Greek Δαμασκός (Damaskós), from a Semitic form akin to Hebrew דַּמֶּשֶׂק.
The etymology of the ancient name Damascus is uncertain. It is attested as Imerišú (𒀲𒋙) in Akkadian, T-m-ś-q (𓍘𓄟𓊃𓈎𓅱) in Egyptian, Dammaśq (𐡃𐡌𐡔𐡒) in Old Aramaic and Dammeśeq (דַּמֶּשֶׂק) in Biblical Hebrew. A number of Akkadian spellings are found in the Amarna letters, from the 14th century BC: Dimasqa (𒁲𒈦𒋡), Dimàsqì (𒁲𒈦𒀸𒄀), and Dimàsqa (𒁲𒈦𒀸𒋡).

cog

Hebrew דַּמֶּשֶׂק


Beijing

Beijing
Encyclopædia Britannica
Hongwu Emperor
Ming Dynasty
Peking University
The Chicago Manual of Style
University of Chicago Press
Xinhuamen
Yongle Emperor

/ˌbeɪˈd͡ʒɪŋ/

c. 1958, the atonal Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin pronunciation of Chinese 北京 (Běijīng), composed of 北 (“north, northern”) and 京 (jīng, “capital”), distinguishing it from Nanjing to the south, and first applied informally during the reign of the Yongle Emperor of the Ming Dynasty, who preferred to rule from Beijing but was obliged to treat Nanjing as a secondary capital by the dynastic injunctions of his father the Hongwu Emperor. The name continued a practice of several preceding dynasties—especially those of nomadic conquerers from the north such as the Jin and Liao—of maintaining a number of separate capitals designated by their cardinal directions.

Liu Lao-zheng sidled right up to Zao-hua and said: “That’s right. I went to Beijing [Peking] to visit with my daughter. Zao-hua, I hear that you have become the workpoint recorder.”[…]
Liu Lao-zheng pulled out an abacus from a sack he was carrying over his shoulder. “Huala, huala,” he shook it several times and said: “I bought one in Beijing. I’ll lend it to you to use.”

1976 [1966], Hao Ran, “Debut”, in Wong Kam-ming, transl., Revolutionary Literature in China: An Anthology, White Plains, New York: M. E. Sharpe, Inc., →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 92:

Backhoes moved house by house, laying waste to a community called Xitai that was built in a plush green valley on the northern edge of Beijing, only a short walk from the Great Wall of China.

2020 August 7, Steven Lee Myers, Keith Bradsher, “Beijing Launches Another Demolition Drive, This Time in Its Bucolic Suburbs”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2020-08-07, Asia Pacific:

A protester unfurled two banners on a highway overpass in central Beijing on Oct. 13, denouncing Xi Jinping as a “despotic traitor.” China’s censors went to great lengths to scrub the internet of any reference to the act of dissent, prohibiting all discussion and shutting down many offending social media accounts.

2022 October 24, Yuan Li, “A Lonely Protest in Beijing Inspires Young Chinese to Find Their Voice”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-10-24, Business:

Beijing regularly faces dust storms in March and April due to its proximity to the Gobi desert as well as deforestation throughout northern China.

2023 March 22, “China: Sandstorms blanket Beijing as air pollution spikes”, in Deutsche Welle, archived from the original on 2023-03-22:

A direct-administered municipality, the capital city of China.

Guangxi · Inner Mongolia · Ningxia · Tibet Autonomous Region · Xinjiang

Beijing · Tianjin · Shanghai · Chongqing

In Beijing’s view, in the absence of an explicit treaty provision, the central line of the main channel—the Thalweg principle—provided a legal basis for delimiting the boundary in the two rivers. On this basis, Beijing claimed that 600 of the rivers’ 700 islands—including Zhenbao Island on the Ussuri River, just 180 miles southwest of an important Soviet city, Khabarovsk—belonged to the P.R.C.

1980, Melvin Gurton, Byong-Moo Hwang, China under Threat: The Politics of Strategy and Diplomacy, Johns Hopkins University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 210:

In the Shanghai Communiqué of 1972, we recognized the fact that both Beijing and Taipei viewed Taiwan as part of China but unequivocally expressed our support for a peaceful settlement of the unification issue. While we should not alter the fundamental pillars of our policy, we should consider certain steps that will raise Taiwan's international standing.

1992, Richard Nixon, “The Pacific Triangle”, in Seize the Moment, Simon & Schuster, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 181:

Russian officials have raised increasingly frustrated requests for greater support during discussions with Beijing in recent weeks, calling on China to live up to its affirmation of a “no limits” partnership made weeks before the war in Ukraine began. But China’s leadership wants to expand assistance for Russia without running afoul of Western sanctions and has set limits on what it will do, according to Chinese and U.S. officials.

2022 June 2, Cate Cadell, Ellen Nakashima, “Beijing chafes at Moscow’s requests for support, Chinese officials say”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2022-06-06:

While Beijing has credited the law with restoring peace and order to the city, it has been criticised by rights groups and western governments for imprisoning pro-democracy activists and undermining civil freedoms.

2023 June 15, Didi Tang, “Spotify removes protest song Glory to Hong Kong”, in The Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-06-15, World:

People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China

(metonymically) The government of the People's Republic of China.

Anhui · Fujian · Guangdong · Gansu · Guizhou · Henan · Hubei · Hebei · Hainan · Heilongjiang · Hunan · Jilin · Jiangsu · Jiangxi · Liaoning · Qinghai · Sichuan · Shandong · Shaanxi · Shanxi · Taiwan · Yunnan · Zhejiang


Beirut

From Ottoman Turkish بیروت (beyrût), from Arabic بَيْرُوت (bayrūt), ultimately from Phoenician 𐤁𐤓𐤕 (brt /bērūt/), from Proto-West Semitic *biʾrāt- (“wells”). Doublet of Berytus and Beeroth.

The capital and largest city of Lebanon.


British East India Company

the British East India Company (canonical)

(historical) A seventeenth-century joint-stock company founded to trade with India to Britain's advantage.


ovation

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-ovation.wav

/əʉˈvæɪ.ʃn̩/

Triumph, a Solemn Honour done to Generals after great Victories, receiving them into Town with Publick Acclamations; there were two ſorts among the Romans; the Great, that was ſimply called Tr[i]umph; and the Little called, Ovation; […] [I]t was by Special Priviledge that L. Cornelius Lentulus, Proconſul, was admitted to this Honour of an Ovation, in 553. […]

1703, “Triumph”, in An Universal, Historical, Geographical, Chronological and Poetical Dictionary, […], volumes II (M–Z), London: […] J[ohn] Hartley, […]; W. Turner, […]; and Tho[mas] Hodgson, […], →OCLC:

The Dictator [Mamercus Aemilius Mamercinus] was allow'd a Triumph, and [Aulus Cornelius] Coſſus an Ovation, wherein he appear'd with the Spoils of K[ing] Volumnius [i.e., Lars Tolumnius], and fix'd them as a ſolemn Offering in the Temple of Jupiter Feretrius, being the firſt Spolia Opima that had been brought thither ſince the Time of Romulus.

1711, “Italy”, in Atlas Geographicus, or, A Compleat System of Geography, Ancient and Modern. […], volume II, in the Savoy [London]: Printed by John Nutt; and sold by Benjamin Barker and Charles King […], →OCLC, page 1404, column 2:

He who had no more than an Ovation granted him, was not crown'd with Laurel, but Myrtle: The Senate, however, and all the ſeveral Orders of Magiſtrates went to meet him. […] It was the way at firſt in Ovations for the Conqueror to go on Foot, but the Cuſtom of riding on Horſeback was afterwards introduc'd. […] Inſtead of bulls, the Victims us'd in the greater Triumphs, they had Sheep in their Ovations, or rather Rams crown'd, which were led before the Conqueror, in order to be ſacrific'd when the Proceſſion was over.

1722, [Bernard de] Montfaucon, “The Triumph for a Naval Victory. II. What the Ovatio was. III. The Ceremonies of the Ovation.”, in David Humphreys, transl., Antiquity Explained, and Represented in Sculptures, … Translated into English, volume III, London: Printed by J[acob] Tonson and J. Watts, →OCLC, book VI (Of the Marks of Victory, […]), paragraph III, pages 104–105:

How attentive were the Romans to the language of ſigns! They wore garments peculiar to their different ranks and ages; they had their togas, and diſtinguiſhing ornaments of various kinds, their roſtrums, their lictors, their faſces, their crowns, ovations, triumphs, &c. all was parade and ceremony; and all had its effect on the minds of the citizens.

1763 January, [Jean-Jacques] Rousseau, “The Difference between Ancient and Modern Eloquence”, in The London Magazine: Or, Gentleman’s Monthly Intelligencer, volume XXXII, London: Printed for R[ichard] Baldwin, […], →OCLC, page 38:

(Ancient Rome) A victory ceremony of less importance than a triumph.


vestal virgin

From Latin; virgines Vestales referred to the priestesses in charge of the sacred fire in the temple of Vesta in Rome.

(literally) A virgin dedicated to the service of the goddess Vesta.


Hindu

Derived from Classical Persian هِنْدُو (hindū, “Indian, Hindu”), from Middle Persian hndwk' (Hindūg, “Indian”), from hnd (Hind, “India”), from Old Persian 𐏃𐎡𐎯𐎢 (hiⁿdu-, “India”), from Sanskrit सिन्धु (síndhu, “river, stream; Indus”), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *síndʰuṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *síndʰuš (“river”).

der

Of, or relating to Hinduism, or to Hindus and their culture.

هِنْدُوسِيّ

of or relating to Hindus and their culture


Hindu

A person adhering to the Hindu religion (Hinduism).

(dated) Any native inhabitant of Hindustan.


Constantinople

From Middle English Constantinople, ultimately from Late Latin Constantinopolis, from Ancient Greek Κωνσταντινούπολις (Kōnstantinoúpolis, “City of Constantine”), after Roman emperor Flavius Valerius Aurelius Constantinus (also known as Constantine I, St. Constantine, and/or Constantine the Great).

Κωνσταντινούπολις

Name of present-day Istanbul from 330–1930 C.E.. Previously known as Byzantium.

കോണ്സ്റ്റാന്റിനോപ്പിള്

kōṇsṟṟānṟinōppiḷŭ


Thetis

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Thetis.wav

(Greek mythology) One of the Nereids; the mother of Achilles


Terpsichore

From Ancient Greek Τερψιχόρη (Terpsikhórē, from τέρψις (térpsis, “enjoyment, delight”) + χορός (khorós, “chorus”)).

uder

(Greek mythology) The goddess of dance and the dramatic chorus, and one of the Muses; the daughters of Zeus & Mnemosyne.


Poseidon

(Greek mythology) The god of the sea and other waters, earthquakes and horses; corresponds to the Roman god Neptune.


Poseidon

Poseidon (nominative singular)
Poseidona (genitive singular)
Poseidonovi (dative singular)
Poseidona (accusative singular)
Poseidone (singular vocative)
Poseidonovi (locative singular)
Poseidonem (instrumental singular)


Poseidon

de-proper noun

Poseidon m (proper noun, strong, genitive Poseidons)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ποσειδῶν (Poseidôn).


Poseidon

(Greek mythology) Poseidon (god of the sea)


Poseidon

Ultimately from Ancient Greek Ποσειδῶν (Poseidôn).


Koine

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Κοινή (Koinḗ), from ἡ κοινὴ διάλεκτος (hē koinḕ diálektos, “the common dialect”), from κοινός (koinós, “shared, common, public, general, ordinary, usual”).

The “common” Greek language that developed and flourished between 300 B.C.E. and 300 C.E. (the time of the Roman Empire), and from which Modern Greek descended. It was based on the Attic and Ionian dialects of Ancient Greek.


Elysian Fields

Calque of Latin Campī Ēlysiī, from Ancient Greek Ἠλῠ́σῐον Πεδῐ́ον (Ēlúsion Pedíon). By surface analysis, Elysian + fields.

der

Ἠλῠ́σῐον Πεδῐ́ον

Indeed, the Elysian Fields themselves were a part of Hades, though they have since been removed to Paris.

1911, Ambrose Bierce, “Hades”, in The Devil’s Dictionary, New York, N.Y., Washington, D.C.: The Neale Publishing Company, →OCLC, page 127:

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) Elysium; home of the blessed, after death.

Ելիսեյան մարգագետիններ

home of the blessed after death in Greek and Roman mythology — see also Elysium


Elysium

From Latin, from Ancient Greek Ἠλῠ́σῐον (Πεδῐ́ον) (Ēlúsion (Pedíon)).

Ἠλῠ́σῐον (Πεδῐ́ον)

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) The home of the blessed after death.

至福樂土

home of the blessed after death in Greek and Roman mythology — see also Elysian Fields


Elysium

de-noun

Elysium n (strong, genitive Elysiums, plural Elysien)

Elysiums (genitive)
Elysien (plural)
Elysium (nominative singular)
Elysien (definite nominative plural)
Elysiums (genitive singular)
Elysien (definite genitive plural)
Elysium (dative singular)
Elysien (dative definite plural)
Elysium (accusative singular)
Elysien (accusative definite plural)

der

Ἠλῠ́σῐον (Πεδῐ́ον)

Freude, schöner Götterfunken,
Tochter aus Elysium,
Wir betreten feuertrunken,

1785, Friedrich Schiller, Ode an die Freude, 1nd stanza, lines 1-4

(please add an English translation of this quotation)

(Greek mythology, Roman mythology) Elysium (home of the blessed after death)


Elysium

la-proper noun

Ēlysium n sg (genitive Ēlysiī or Ēlysī); second declension

Ēlysium (canonical neuter singular)
Ēlysiī (genitive)
Ēlysī (genitive)
Ēlysium (nominative singular)
Ēlysiī (genitive singular)
Ēlysī (genitive singular)
Ēlysiō (dative singular)
Ēlysium (accusative singular)
Ēlysiō (ablative singular)
Ēlysium (singular vocative)

desctree

→ French: Élysée m, Elysée
→ English: Élysée
→ Korean: 엘리제 (Ellije)

[eːˈlʲʏs̠iʊ̃ˑ]

Borrowed from Ancient Greek Ἠλῠ́σῐον (Ēlúsion).


vespillo

Like vespilloes or gravemakers.

1642, Tho[mas] Browne, “(please specify the page)”, in Religio Medici. […], 4th edition, London: […] E. Cotes for Andrew Crook […], published 1656, →OCLC:

(Ancient Rome) One who carried out the dead bodies of the poor at night for burial.


playback singer

en-noun

playback singer (plural playback singers)

(singing, cinematography) A singer whose songs are pre-recorded for use in films, especially Bollywood musicals, where actors lip-sync them.

নেপথ্য গায়ক

singer whose songs are lip-synced by an actor


Asiatic

Learned borrowing from Latin āsiāticus; equivalent to Asia + -atic.

(Egyptology) One of the people of ancient Canaan, Syria, or Mesopotamia; a Semite.


censor

The noun is borrowed from Latin cēnsor (“magistrate; critic”), from cēnseō (“to give an opinion, judge; to assess, reckon; to decree, determine”) + -sor (variant of -tor (suffix forming masculine agent nouns)). Cēnseō is derived from Proto-Italic *kensēō, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱens- (“to announce, proclaim; to put in order”). The English word is cognate with Late Middle English sensour, Proto-Iranian *cánhati (“to declare; to explain”), Sanskrit शंसति (śaṃsati, “to declare”).
The verb is derived from the noun.

cog

The Ancient Roman censors were part of the cursus honorum, a series of public offices held during a political career, like consuls and praetors.

And Nobly nam'd, ſo twice being Cenſor, / Was his great Anceſtor.

c. 1608–1609 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Coriolanus”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iii], page 14, column 1:

Neither [the Segetes Lustrantur and the Oves Lustrantur] are in this place, to be underſtood the Luſtra, which were wont to be Celebrated at Rome by the Cenſors, after the Cenſus of Citizens was made by a Sacrifice of the Suovetaurilia; for they had ceaſed long ago, as appeareth by what Cenſorinus writeth in his Book de Die Natali; at which time the Office of Cenſors also ceaſed, which ſome endeavoured, though in vain, to re-eſtabliſh.

1685, William Howel[l], “The History of the Reformation of Religion by Constantine”, in An Institution of General History, or The History of Ecclesiastical Affairs of the World. […], London: […] Miles Flesher, →OCLC, paragraph 17, page 7:

[page 110] [Justus] Lipſius divides the Duty of the Cenſors into two Heads; the Survey of the People, and the Cenſure of Manners. […] With respect to the latter part of their Office, they had the power to puniſh an Immorality in any Perſon, of what Order ſoever. […] [page 111] 'Tis very remarkable, that if one of the Cenſors died, no body was ſubſtituted in his room 'till the next Luſtrum, and his Partner was oblig'd to quit his Office; becauſe the Death of a Cenſor happen'd juſt before the ſacking of Rome by the Gauls, and was ever after accounted highly ominous and unfortunate.

1696, Basil Kennett, “Of the Censors”, in Romæ Antiquæ Notitia: Or, The Antiquities of Rome. […], London: […] A. Swall and T. Child, […], →OCLC, part II, book III (Of the Civil Government of the Romans), pages 110–111:

At the head of his victorious legions, in his reign over the ſea and land, from the Nile and Euphrates to the Atlantic ocean, Auguſtus proclaimed himſelf the ſervant of the ſtate and the equal of his fellow-citizens. The conqueror of Rome and her provinces aſſumed the popular and legal form of a cenſor, a conſul, and a tribune.

1788, Edward Gibbon, chapter XLIX, in The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, volume V, London: […] W[illiam] Strahan; and T[homas] Cadell, […], →OCLC, pages 168–169:

The Censors were always two in number, and were originally chosen from the Patricians exclusively. In B.C. 351, we find for the first time a Plebeian Censor, G[aius] Marcius Rutilus. In B.C. 339, a Lex Publilia was passed by Q[uintus] Publilius Philo when Dictator, enacting that at least one of the Censors must be a Plebeian.

1876, William Ramsay, “Magistrates of the Regal and Republican Periods and under the Early Emperors”, in A Manual of Roman Antiquities, 10th edition, London: Charles Griffin and Company […], →OCLC, page 165:

(Ancient Rome, historical) One of the two magistrates who originally administered the census of citizens, and by Classical times (between the 8th century B.C.E. and the 6th century C.E.) was a high judge of public behaviour and morality.


censor

(classical studies) censor; a Roman census administrator


lota

From Hindi लोटा (loṭā) / Urdu لوٹا (loṭā).
(person who switches loyalties): From the fact that the lota pot has a tendency to fall over and roll around, as it is not stable sitting on its base.

(Pakistani politics) A person who switches loyalties, especially from one political party to another.


basileus

Borrowed from Ancient Greek βασιλεύς (basileús, “chief, king”).

bor

For two centuries its towers and domes were to rise in the heavens, drawing the attention of Emperors and Basilei, of Popes and Patriarchs.

Although portrayals of basileis of the eleventh century wearing the loros in the traditional manner are not lacking, I cannot cite a Byzantine example of metropolitan origin later than 1100.

1990, Ernst Kitzinger, The Mosaics of St. Mary’s of the Admiral in Palermo, Washington, D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, →ISBN, page 192:

The revitalization of the Byzantine Empire during the reigns of the energetic and capable basilei of the Comnens dynasty: Alexios I (1081-1118), John II (1118-1143) and Manuel (1143-1180), and the wars with a Rum Sultanate troubled by dynastic fights drastically diminished its possessions in Anatolia.

2003, Victor Spinei, The Great Migrations in the East and South East of Europe from the Ninth to the Thirteenth Century, Romanian Cultural Institute, →ISBN, page 193:

It is quite easy to establish the identity of these “Roman princes” who reoccupied Pannonia after Attila’s death: they were the basilei from Constantinople who, after the fall of the Western Roman Empire, claimed to be the only successors of the Caesars (around the turn of the 9ᵗʰ century they began to call themselves “basilei of the Romans”—“basileis ton Romanon” or “Romaion”).

2007, Transylvanian Review, volume 16, Romanian Cultural Foundation, page 16:

In our third example, the tyrant Nabis usurped power from the traditional, dual basileis of Sparta, then had them executed.

2017, Michael Martin, City of the Sun: Development and Popular Resistance in the Pre-Modern West, New York, N.Y.: Algora Publishing, →ISBN, page 64:

The basileis of the Iron Age were now replaced with various appointed and elected magistrates.

2020, David B. Small, “Institutional Evolution of Ancient Greece”, in Dmitri M[ikhailovich] Bondarenko, Stephen A. Kowalewski, David B. Small, editors, The Evolution of Social Institutions: Interdisciplinary Perspectives (World-Systems Evolution and Global Futures), Springer Nature, →ISBN, page 274:

It would probably be worth seeking a possible connection-and-overlay between the name of one of the Byzantine basilei of the 9th century and the godfather of Boris I, Michael III, and that of the Bulgarian ruler Boris-Michael himself, who also lived in that age.

2020, Tsvetelin Stepanov, translated by Daria Manova, Waiting for the End of the World: European Dimensions, 950–1200 (East Central and Eastern Europe in the Middle Ages, 450–1450; 57), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 251:

“Peter and Maria basilei of Bugaria,” “Peter and Maria in Christ autocrats of the Bulgarians,” and “Peter and Maria in Christ august autocrats and basilei.”

2023, Christian Raffensperger, Rulers and Rulership in the Arc of Medieval Europe, 1000-1200, Abingdon, Oxon, New York, N.Y.: Routledge, →ISBN:


prefect

From Middle English prefect and prefecte, from Old French prefect (Mod. French préfet), from Latin praefectus (“one placed in charge, overseer, director, prefect”), from praeficere (“to place in charge”).

prefekt

the head of a prefecture, whether a Japanese prefecture, French department, or Balkan county

the prefect of the aqueducts; the prefect of a camp, of a fleet, of the city guard, or of provisions; the pretorian prefect, who was commander of the troops guarding the emperor's person

Or think of a decent young citizen in a toga - perhaps too much dice, you know - coming out here in the train of some prefect, or tax-gatherer, or trader even, to mend his fortunes.

1899 February, Joseph Conrad, “The Heart of Darkness”, in Blackwood’s Edinburgh Magazine, volume CLXV, number M, New York, N.Y.: The Leonard Scott Publishing Company, […], →OCLC, part I, page 196:

It seems that in the autumn of 803 he went on leave. His uncle Po Chi-chên, had recently been moved from his post at Hsü-chou and promoted to be Prefect of Hsü-chʻang in Central Honan.

1951, Arthur Waley, The Life and Times of Po Chü-i, London: George Allen & Unwin, →OCLC, page 33:

(historical) An official of Ancient Rome who controlled or superintended a particular command, charge, department, etc.


Avestan

An ancient Eastern Old Iranian language that was used to compose the sacred hymns and canon of the Zoroastrian Avesta.


Akkadian

Of or pertaining to the Akkadian Empire.


Urartu

A modern (19th century) rendition of Akkadian 𒆳𒌵 (Urarṭu). Corresponds to Biblical Hebrew אֲרָרָט (ʾărɔrɔṭ) (see Ararat). See also Old Armenian Վան (Van) for the self-designation of Urartians.

An Iron Age kingdom flourishing 9th-6th century BC, located in the Armenian Highland and centred in the mountainous region around Lake Van.


shojo

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-shojo.wav

From the Japanese 少女 (shōjo, “young woman”).

(anime, manga) A style of anime and manga intended for young women.


shojo

en-adj

shojo (comparative more shojo, superlative most shojo)

more shojo (comparative)
most shojo (superlative)

(anime, manga) Being in the style of shōjo manga or anime.


Urano

(Greek mythology) Uranus, Greek god of the sky and heavens.


Urano

From Latin Ūranus, from Ancient Greek Οὐρανός (Ouranós), from οὐρανός (ouranós, “sky, heaven”).


Urano

(Greek mythology) Uranus (primal god of the sky)


Urano

[ʔʊˈɾaː.n̪o]


少女

ja-noun

少(しょう)女(じょ) • (shōjo) ^(←せうぢよ (seudyo)?)

少女 (canonical)
shōjo (romanization)
seudyo (romanization)
せうぢよ (hiragana historical)

From Middle Chinese compound 少女 (MC syewX|syewH nrjoX|nrjoH). Compare modern Mandarin 少女 (shàonǚ).

少女歌劇

少女歌劇 しょうじょかげき

a kind of traditional Japanese light drama with no male actors and mostly young girls playing the parts

少女趣味

少女趣味 しょうじょしゅみ

hobbies or interest common to young girls

(anime, manga) a style of anime and manga made for young women, shojo


少女

From Old Japanese. Originally a compound of 乙 (oto, “young, little”) + 女 (me, “female, girl”). Compare 男 (otoko, “man”), originally meaning "young boy".

少女さび

behavior appropriate to an adult unmarried woman

a type of sea vegetable in order Ectocarpales

young woman who dances kagura at a shrine

少女文楽

少女文楽 おとめぶんらく

a kind of one-person puppet show performed by girls or young women

(Shinto) a young woman dancer performing at the 五節 (Gosechi) ceremony in the eleventh lunar month


ICBM

Just sing out a Te Deum / When you see that ICBM / And the party will be come-as-you-are

1959, “We Will All Go Together When We Go”, in Tom Lehrer (music), An Evening Wasted with Tom Lehrer, performed by Tom Lehrer:

Iraq could test a North Korean-type ICBM that could deliver a several-hundred-kilogram payload to the United States in the last half of the next decade [the decade beginning with calendar year 2000] depending on the level of foreign assistance.

2002, Alexander T. Lennon, Contemporary Nuclear Debates: Missile Defense, Arms Control, and Arms Races in the Twenty-first Century, MIT Press, →ISBN:

(weaponry) Initialism of intercontinental ballistic missile.

МКБР

abbreviation of intercontinental ballistic missile


ICBM

ICBM (canonical)
aishībīemu (romanization)


urna

From Latin urna, usually derived from ūrō (“to burn, to singe”) in reference to the firing of the clay in their creation. Doublet of urn.

A wine vessel, probably the Roman urna, which contained half the quantity of the amphora.

1810, A Description of the Collection of Ancient Terracottas of the British Museum, British Museum, No. XXXIX, page 22:

The congius was the 8th part of the amphora, and the 4th of the urna: it contained 6 sextarii.

1847, Francis Adams, The Seven Books of Paulus Ægeineta, volume 3, The Sydenham Society, page 623:

It follows that the seah must equal the urna, and the hin equal 2 Attic choes.

1903, Sir Charles Warren, The Ancient Cubit and Our Weights and Measures, page 89:

(historical) A Roman unit of liquid measure reckoned as the volume of 40 Roman pounds of wine and equivalent to about 13 L although differing slightly over time.


urna

la-noun

ūrna f (genitive ūrnae); first declension

ūrna (canonical feminine)
ūrnae (genitive)
ūrna (nominative singular)
ūrnae (nominative plural)
ūrnae (genitive singular)
ūrnārum (genitive plural)
ūrnae (dative singular)
ūrnīs (dative plural)
ūrnam (accusative singular)
ūrnās (accusative plural)
ūrnā (ablative singular)
ūrnīs (ablative plural)
ūrna (singular vocative)
ūrnae (plural vocative)

Asturian: urna

Catalan: urna

English: urn, urna

Esperanto: urno

French: urne

Galician: urna

Georgian: ურნა (urna)

German: Urne

Italian: urna

Norwegian: urne (Bokmål), urne (Nynorsk)

Portuguese: urna

Romanian: urnă

Russian: у́рна (úrna)

Spanish: urna

Typically derived from ūrō (“burn, singe”), in reference to the firing of the clay in their creation.

(chiefly historical) ballot box, particularly the urns used in gathering Roman ballots under the Republic


Urartian

The extinct language spoken by the inhabitants of Urartu. Related to Hurrian.


peaceful

Derived from the derogatory term religion of peace, which is used against Islam itself for its association with violent attacks by Islamic extremists, and alleged support and lack of condemnation against them by certain Muslim communities.

They only have to use a bit of code to name those people; nowadays they call them “peacefuls”. A smirking euphemism is all it takes to sail through Twitter’s filter, and keep the hate-speech flowing.

(India, Islam, Islamophobic, Internet slang, offensive) a Muslim; especially a violent member of a radical Islamist group.


symposium

en-noun

symposium (plural symposiums or symposia)

Borrowed from Latin symposium, from Ancient Greek συμπόσιον (sumpósion, “drinking party”) from συμπίνω (sumpínō, “drink together”) συν- (sun-, “together-”) + πίνω (pínō, “drink”).

der

Symposium in the Encyclopædia Britannica (11th edition, 1911)

Alternative form: symposion

A drinking party in Ancient Greece, especially one with intellectual discussion.

пиршество

a drinking party in Ancient Greece, especially one with intellectual discussion


Janus

From Latin Iānus (“the Roman god Janus”).

In the ages of victory, as often as the senate decreed some distant conquest, the consul denounced hostilities, by unbarring, in solemn pomp, the gates of the temple of Janus. Domestic war now rendered the admonition superfluous, and the ceremony was superseded by the establishment of a new religion. But the brazen temple of Janus was left standing in the forum; of a size sufficient only to contain the statue of the god, five cubits in height, of a human form, but with two faces, directed to the east and west.

1789, Edward Gibbon, chapter XLI, in The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, volume V, London: Printed for A[ndrew] Strahan, and T[homas] Cadell, in the Strand, OCLC 30106274; republished Philadelphia, Pa.: Published by William Y. Birch & Abraham Small, No. 37, South Second Street; printed by Robert Carr, 1805, OCLC 15453273, page 166

[K]nowing that the minds of the people, rendered ferocious by a military life, would never accommodate themſelves to the practice of theſe [principles of justice, laws, and morals], during the continuance of war, he [Numa Pompilius] reſolved, by a diſuſe of arms, to mollify the fierceneſs of their temper: with this view, he built a temple to Janus, near the foot of the hill Argiletum, which was to notify a ſtate either of war or of peace: when open, it denoted that the ſtate was engaged in war; when ſhut, that there was peace with all the ſurrounding nations.

1797, Titus Livius [Livy], translated by George Baker, The History of Rome, [...] In Six Volumes, volume I, London: Printed for A[ndrew] Strahan, and T[homas] Cadell Jun. and W. Davies (successor to Mr. Cadell) in the Strand, →OCLC, book I, page 35:

"I'll tell you what we can do," cried her persevering patroness; "we can go as masks, and Lady Juliana shall know nothing about it. That will save the scandal of an open revolt or a tiresome dispute. Half the company will be masked; so, if you keep your own secret, nobody will find it out. Come, what characters shall we choose?" / "That of Janus, I think, would be the most suitable for me," said Mary.

1810, anonymous [Susan Edmonstone Ferrier], “chapter XVI”, in Marriage, a Novel. In Three Volumes, volume II, Edinburgh: William Blackwood, Prince's-Street: and John Murray, Albemarle-Street, London, published 1818, →OCLC, page 218:

We find ourselves once again sitting in Committee of the Whole House to vote a war subsidy. The present occupants of the Treasury Bench are determined that so long as they retain their places the Temple of Janus shall not be closed.

1879 February 27, A[lexander] M[artin] Sullivan, “On the Zulu War” (speech before the House of Commons of the United Kingdom); quoted in William Jennings Bryan, editor, Irish Orations (The World's Famous Orations), volume VI, New York, N.Y.: Funk & Wagnalls, 1906, OCLC 23127203, and republished on Bartleby.com, 2002, archived from the original on 4 October 2015

Janus, with his two heads, his mystery, his depiction as both laughing and serious, and the obvious parallel this forms with the masks of attic tragedy and comedy would make him a double of the two-headed man, the conjurer, and an associate of the trickster in folk comedy as well.

2008, John Lowe, “Laughin’ up a World: Their Eyes Were Watching God and the (Wo)Man of Words”, in Harold Bloom, editor, Interpretations: Zora Neale Hurston’s Their Eyes Were Watching God (Bloom’s Modern Critical Interpretations), new edition, New York, N.Y.: Bloom's Literary Criticism, Infobase Publishing, →ISBN, page 75:

Good reviews look both backward and forward; an argument could even be made that one must look backward in order to discern the way forward, that backward and forward are two sides of the same research coin. Nowhere is such a Janus-like perspective more apparent than in the current set of reviews.

2011, Robert M. Hodapp, “Preface”, in Robert M. Hodapp, editor, International Review of Research in Developmental Disabilities, volume 41, San Diego, Calif.: Academic Press, →ISBN, →ISSN, page xi:

(Roman mythology) The god of doorways, gates and transitions, and of beginnings and endings, having two faces looking in opposite directions.

Janus

Roman god of doorways, gates and transitions


Janus

From Latin Iānus. Has been used as a Latinization of the Danish given name Jens.


Promethean

The adjective is derived from Prometheus (“demigod in Greek mythology”) + -an (suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’ forming adjectives; and forming agent nouns). Prometheus is a learned borrowing from Latin Promētheus, and from its etymon Ancient Greek Προμηθεύς (Promētheús), from προμηθής (promēthḗs, “having forethought”) (from προ- (pro-, prefix meaning ‘before’) + μᾰνθᾰ́νω (manthánō, “to learn; to know, understand”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *men- (“to mind; to think”) + *dʰeh₁- (“to do; to place, put”), in the sense of putting one’s mind to something)) + -εύς (-eús, suffix forming a masculine noun of the person concerned with a thing).
The noun is derived from the adjective.

der

I carried with me some promethean matches, which I ignited by biting; it was thought so wonderful that a man should strike fire with his teeth, that it was usual to collect the whole family to see it: I was once offered a dollar for a single one.

1839, Charles Darwin, chapter III, in Narrative of the Surveying Voyages of His Majesty’s Ships Adventure and Beagle, between the Years 1826 and 1836, […], volume III, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 47:

(also attributive, historical) A kind of lucifer match consisting of a glass tube containing sulfuric acid coated on the outside with a flammable mixture of potassium chlorate and sugar and wrapped in paper rolls; the match was lit by crushing the tube with pliers, causing the acid to react with and ignite the flammable components. This type of match was superseded by the friction match which was lit by rubbing against a rough surface.