absinth

en-noun

absinth (countable and uncountable, plural absinths)


absinth

absinth (nominative singular)
absinthy (nominative plural)
absinthu (genitive singular)
absinthů (genitive plural)
absinthu (dative singular)
absinthům (dative plural)
absinth (accusative singular)
absinthy (accusative plural)
absinthe (singular vocative)
absinthy (plural vocative)
absinthu (locative singular)
absinthech (locative plural)
absinthem (instrumental singular)
absinthy (instrumental plural)

Alternative form of absint (“absinthe”).


abba

(dialectal) Alternative form of abi (“bee”)


pissed

en-adj

pissed (comparative more pissed, superlative most pissed)

more pissed (comparative)
most pissed (superlative)

From Middle English pissed, pissede, pyssyd, pisside, equivalent to piss + -ed.

The waiters would send us up beer onstage as well as food, so now and again we'd end up getting pissed while we were playing.

1996, Hunter Davies, The Beatles, page 79:

We finished the bottle off and I was more pissed than ever, I was a fucking mess, and Johnny carried me to bed.

2006, Dean Riley, The Reveller: Every Lie Has Eighty Percent Truth, page 201:

We drank, getting more and more pissed, and as we did, these four birds were growing more and more attractive, so we all sat down with them, but none of them wanted to know us, just Peter, dirty fucking bastard he was.

(UK, Ireland, Commonwealth, mildly vulgar, colloquial) Drunk.


acerbity

en-noun

acerbity (countable and uncountable, plural acerbities)

Borrowed from French acerbité, from Latin acerbitās (“acerbity; harshness”), from acerbus (“bitter”). See acerb.

Sourness of taste, with bitterness and astringency, like that of unripe fruit.


beer

beer (countable and uncountable, plural beers)

Tok Pisin: bia

→ Alabama: biya

→ Bengali: বিয়ার (biẏar)

→ Burmese: ဘီယာ (bhiya)

⇒ Chinese: 啤酒 (píjiǔ)

→ Hausa: biya

→ Hawaiian: bia

→ Hindi: बियर (biyar)

→ Khmer: បៀរ (biə)

→ Maori: pia

→ Swahili: bia

→ Tagalog: bir

→ Telugu: బీరు (bīru)

→ Thai: เบียร์ (biia)

→ Zulu: ubhiya

A Dictionary of the English Language
Oxford English Dictionary
Samuel Johnson
beer

From Middle English bere, from Old English bēor (“beer”) (Oxford OED notes: "rare, except in poetry"), from Proto-West Germanic *beuʀ, from Proto-Germanic *beuzą (“beer”) (putatively from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeusóm), meaning “brewer's yeast”.
However, also see the "beer" entry on EtymOnline (q.v.), which links a connection to monastic Vulgar Latin *biber (“a drink, beverage”), from Latin bibere (“to drink”). Samuel Johnson in his famous 18th-century A Dictionary of the English Language guessed it was from (unattested) Welsh *bîr; he distinguished it in his time from ale — the ancient usual word — by beer being older-aged and/or smaller.
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Bjoor, West Frisian bier, German Low German Beer, Dutch bier, German Bier, Icelandic bjór (“beer”).

der

Beer is brewed all over the world.

“[…] the awfully hearty sort of Christmas cards that people do send to other people that they don't know at all well. You know. The kind that have mottoes like
 Here's rattling good luck and roaring good cheer, / With lashings of food and great hogsheads of beer. […]”

1921, Ben Travers, chapter 1, in A Cuckoo in the Nest, Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday, Page & Company, published 1925, →OCLC:

(uncountable) An alcoholic drink fermented from starch material, commonly barley malt; often with hops or some other substance (like gruit) to impart a bitter flavor.

(uncountable) A fermented extract of the roots and other parts of various plants, as spruce, ginger, sassafras, etc.

(uncountable) A solution produced by steeping plant materials in water or another fluid.

birrë

I bought a few beers from the shop for the party.

Can I buy you a beer?

I'd like two beers and a glass of white wine.

(countable) A glass, bottle, or can of any of the above beverages.

Pilsner is one of the most commonly served beers in Europe.

I haven't tried this beer before.

(countable) A variety of the above beverages.


beer

From Middle English beere, equivalent to be + -er.

That meant, among other things, that he was going to be a fast-moving doer. And even when he was three or four, it wasn't hard for me to know that this wasn't going to be easy. Because Albert was a beer. Born that way.

1990, Budge Wilson, “Be-ers and Doers”, in The leaving, and other stories:


beer

From Middle Low German bêr, from Old Saxon bior, from Proto-West Germanic *beuʀ, from Proto-Germanic *beuzą.


beer

From Middle High German ber, from Old High German beri. Alternatively from Middle Dutch bere, from Old Dutch *beri. Both ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *baʀi, from Proto-Germanic *bazją, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂-.


y

head

y (possessable, IIb class pluriform, absolute ty, R1 ry, R2 ty)

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tɨ (“liquid, urine”), from Proto-Tupian *tˀɨ (“liquid, urine”). Doublet of ty.
Cognate with Sateré-Mawé hɨ (“river”), Guaraní ty (“urine”).


absinthe

en-noun

absinthe (countable and uncountable, plural absinthes)

* (wormwood; figuratively bitterness, sorrow): From Middle English absinthe.
* (liquor): From Modern French absinthe.
Both from Middle French absinthe, from Latin absinthium, from Ancient Greek ἀψίνθιον (apsínthion, “wormwood”). Doublet of absinthium.

der

Artemisia absinthium
Artemisia absinthium#Translingual

The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles

Oxford University Press
w:Oxford University Press

The herb absinthium Artemisia absinthium (grande wormwood); essence of wormwood.

Absinthe ads like to trade on artists like Van Gogh and Toulouse-Lautrec, as if the history of the green fairy began in the Pigalle neighborhood of 1870s Paris, but wormwood-infused drinks have been around for thousands of years.

2010, Paul Owens, Paul Nathan, The Little Green Book of Absinthe, Penguin, →ISBN:

A distilled, highly alcoholic, anise-flavored liquor originally made from grande wormwood, anise, and other herbs.


absinthe

→ Armenian: աբսենտ (absent)

→ Belarusian: абсэнт (absent)

→ Bulgarian: абсент (absent)

→ Catalan: absenta
→ Spanish: absenta

→ Czech: absinth

→ Danish: absint

→ English: absinthe

→ Finnish: absintti

→ Greek: αψέντι (apsénti)

→ Galician: asente

desctree

→ German: Absinth
→ Estonian: absint
→ Hungarian: abszint

→ Hebrew: אבסינת (absint)

→ Japanese: アブサン (abusan)

→ Korean: 압생트 (apsaengteu)

→ Latvian: absints

→ Lithuanian: absentas

→ Macedonian: апсинт (apsint)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: absint

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: absint

→ Occitan: absinti

→ Polish: absynt

→ Portuguese: absinto

→ Romanian: absint

→ Russian: абсе́нт (absént)

→ Serbo-Croatian: absint / апсинт

→ Swedish: absint

→ Turkish: absint

→ Ukrainian: абсе́нт (absént)

→ Yiddish: אַבסינט (absint)


vi

Inherited from Old Catalan vi~vin, from Latin vīnum, from Proto-Italic *wīnom, from Proto-Indo-European *wóyh₁nom.


port

→ Hindi: पोर्ट (porṭ)

→ Russian: порт (port)

desc

→ Thai: พอร์ต (pɔ̂ɔt)

→ Thai: พอร์ต (pɔ̂ɔt)

From Old English port, borrowed from Latin portus (“port, harbour”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pértus (“crossing”) (and thus a distant doublet of ford). The directional sense, attested since at least the 1500s, derives from ancient vessels with the steering oar on the right (see etymology of starboard), which therefore had to moor with their left sides facing the dock or wharf. Doublet of fjard, fjord, firth, ford, and Portus.

doublet

non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger

ба́кборд

left-hand side of a vessel when facing the front

any port in a storm
any port in a storm#English

establishment of the port
establishment of the port#English

first port of call
first port of call#English

girl in every port
girl in every port#English

port of registry
port of registry#English

airport
any port in a storm
carport
container port
dry port
establishment of the port
first port of call
free port
girl in every port
half-port
heliport
helm-port
helm port
home port
megaport
outport
port authority
port knocking
portlet
port of call
port of entry
port of registry
raft port
river port
seaport
secondary port
spaceport
standard port
static port
treaty port


port

nl-noun

port m (uncountable, diminutive portje n)

Borrowed from English port, from port wine. Named for Portuguese Porto, a city in Portugal where the wines were originally shipped from.


te

Camellia sinensis
Camellia sinensis#Translingual

tea; the product made from the leaves of the tea plant

tea; a light afternoon meal at which tea is commonly served


te

tes (genitive singular)
te (plural)
te (indefinite nominative singular)
teið (definite nominative singular)
te (indefinite nominative plural)
teini (definite nominative plural)
te (accusative indefinite singular)
teið (accusative definite singular)
te (accusative indefinite plural)
teini (accusative definite plural)
te (dative indefinite singular)
tei (dative indefinite singular)
tenum (dative definite singular)
teum (dative indefinite plural)
teunum (dative definite plural)
tes (genitive indefinite singular)
tesins (definite genitive singular)
tea (genitive indefinite plural)
teanna (definite genitive plural)

The name of the Latin-script letter T/t.


te

fo-noun

te n (genitive singular tes, uncountable)

tes (genitive singular)
te (indefinite nominative singular)
teið (definite nominative singular)
te (accusative indefinite singular)
teið (accusative definite singular)
te (dative indefinite singular)
tei (dative indefinite singular)
tenum (dative definite singular)
tes (genitive indefinite singular)
tesins (definite genitive singular)

Originally from Hokkien 茶 (tê), from Middle Chinese, from Old Chinese, ultimately from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-la (“leaf, tea”).


te

tes (genitive singular)
te (indefinite nominative singular)
teið (definite nominative singular)
te (accusative indefinite singular)
teið (accusative definite singular)
tei (dative indefinite singular)
teinu (dative definite singular)
tes (genitive indefinite singular)
tesins (definite genitive singular)


tuba

A reddish palm wine made from coconut or nipa sap.


tuba

Antonio Pigafetta
Magellan's circumnavigation

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuba.
First attested in Antonio Pigafetta's Relazione del primo viaggio intorno al mondo—detailing the first circumnavigation of the world between 1519 and 1522.

Pigafetta

a reddish palm wine made from coconut or nipa sap


tuba

tubâ (Filipino alcoholic beverage created from the sap of various species of palm trees)


tuba

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tubah, from Proto-Austronesian *tubah (“Derris elliptica”).

inh

purging croton (a kind of croton plant the seeds of which is used to make croton oil)


win

From Old Frisian wīn, from Proto-West Germanic *wīn, from Latin vīnum.


new

en-noun

new (countable and uncountable, plural news)

From Middle English newe, from Old English nīewe, from Proto-West Germanic *niwi, from Proto-Germanic *niwjaz, from Proto-Indo-European *néwyos (“new”), from *néwos.
cognates
Cognate with Scots new (“new”), West Frisian nij (“new”), Dutch nieuw (“new”), Low German nee (“new”), German neu (“new”), Danish, Norwegian and Swedish ny (“new”), Icelandic nýr (“new”), Faroese nýggjur (“new”), Latin novus (“new”), Ancient Greek νέος (néos, “new”), Welsh newydd (“new”), Russian но́вый (nóvyj, “new”), Armenian նոր (nor, “new”), Persian نو (now, “new”),Northern Kurdish nû (“new”), Hindi नया (nayā, “new”), Tocharian B ñuwe (“new”).
Compare also Old English nū (“now”). More at now. Doublet of nuevo and novuss.

(Australia, uncountable) A typically light-coloured lager brewed by the bottom-fermentation method.


thee

nl-noun

thee m (plural theeën, diminutive theetje n)

theeën (plural)
theetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: tee

Berbice Creole Dutch: tei

Negerhollands: thee, tee

→ Caribbean Javanese: teh

→ Dutch Low Saxon: thee

desctree

→ Danish: te, the (unofficial since 1872, but still common)
→ Faroese: te

→ English: tea (see there for further descendants)

→ French: thé (see there for further descendants)

→ German: Tee (see there for further descendants)

→ Icelandic: te

→ Kari'na: te

→ Latin: thea (see there for further descendants)

→ Latvian: tēja

→ Norwegian: te

→ Sranan Tongo: te
→ Aukan: te
→ Saramaccan: té

→ Swedish: te, the, thé
→ Finnish: tee

→ West Frisian: tee

From Hokkien 茶 (tê). The "-h-" is a faux-Greek spelling (compare Greek τσάι (tsái)); the more basal spelling tee was previously common, especially in the early modern period, but is now obsolete.


German

en-noun

German (countable and uncountable, plural Germans)

/ˈd͡ʒɜː.mən/

From Latin Germānus, Germānī (“the peoples of Germānia”), as distinct from Gauls (in the writings of Caesar and Tacitus), and of uncertain ultimate origin (possibly Celtic/Gaulish).
Not related to german (“closely related”) or germane (from the Latin adjective germānus, through Old French).
Attested since at least 1520. Replaced the older terms Almain and Dutch (from Proto-Germanic *þiudiskaz) in English. Besides cognates of German, Almain, and Dutch, two other categories of words for the Germans in other languages are cognates of Saxon and descendants of Proto-Slavic *němьcь; see those entries for more.
The surname is generally from the noun, though sometimes confused with Herman, Hermann under Russian influence. As a German surname, Americanized from Germann. Compare Germán, Germain, Jerman.

[…] tie them tightly in a thickly floured cloth, and boil them for three hours and a half. We can recommend this as a remarkably light small rich pudding : it may be served with German, wine, or punch sauce.

1858, Eliza Acton, Modern Cookery in All Its Branches: Reduced to a System of Easy Practice, for the Use of Private Families : in a Series of Receipts, which Have Been Strictly Tested, and are Given with the Most Minute Exactness : to which are Added Directions for Carving, Garnishing, and Setting Out the Table, with a Table of Weights and Measures, page 279:

The wine list harbours some great bottles, mature clarets and Burgundies as well as a clutch of fine Germans (gold-dust these days in restaurants) […]

1996, Jim Ainsworth, Passport's Guide to Britain's Best Restaurants:


Italian

Italian (countable and uncountable, plural Italians)

From Middle English Italian, from Medieval Latin Italiānus, from Latin Italia (“Italy”).

gin and Italian

So the English women would have been interested in American drinks, and in came the gin-and-Italian, for example.

1971, John Doxat, The World of Drinks and Drinking, page 102:

Italian vermouth
Italian vermouth#English

(uncountable) Short for Italian vermouth, a dark-colored sweet or mildly bitter vermouth.


adjunct

/ˈæd͡ʒ.ʌŋkt/

From Latin adiunctus, perfect passive participle of adiungō (“join to”), from ad + iungō (“join”). Doublet of adjoint.

(brewing) An unmalted grain or grain product that supplements the main mash ingredient.


can

cán (canonical masculine)
caanowá (feminine plural)
canooná (feminine plural)
cán (absolutive)
cána (predicative)
cán (subjective)
cantí (genitive)
cánal (l-case with-postposition)
cának (k-case with-postposition)
cánat (t-case with-postposition)
cánah (h-case with-postposition)

Related to Somali caano, Oromo aannan and Saho xan.


forty

From Middle English fourti, feortiȝ, from Old English fēowertiġ, ultimately from Proto-Germanic *fedwōr tigiwiz (“forty”).

inh

'Tis forty years this very day,
 Since you and I, old girl, were married.

1825, unknown, Harrison's Amusing Picture and Poetry Book, page 35:

The cardinal number occurring after thirty-nine and before forty-one.

veertig

the cardinal number occurring after thirty-nine


forty

(slang) A bottle of beer containing forty fluid ounces.


pom

A clipping of pomegranate. In reference to the British, first attested in Australia in 1912 as rhyming slang for immigrant with additional reference to the likelihood of sunburn turning their skin pomegranate red. As a cocktail, originally American.

(cocktail) A cocktail containing pomegranate juice and vodka.


amontillado

en-noun

amontillado (countable and uncountable, plural amontillados)


amontillado

rural northern Spain, Andes Mountains, Paraguay, Philippines

From a- + Montilla + -ar, named for the town in southern Spain where the wine was originally made. The place name is from a diminutive of montaña.


boomerang

→ Japanese: ブーメラン (būmeran)

Australian rules football
Australian rules football

(Australian rules football, rugby) A boomerang kick.


jack

→ Brazilian Portuguese: jegue

→ European Portuguese: jaque

Transferative use of the personal name Jack.
(cricket: eleventh batsman): An allusion to the jack in playing cards, which follows the 10.

náłbiil bijaadbee dahnádidlohí

device for raising and supporting a heavy object

jekker

military: coarse medieval coat of defense

(obsolete) A machine for twisting the sliver as it leaves a carding machine, in the preparation of yarn.


green

en-adj

green (comparative greener, superlative greenest)

greener (comparative)
greenest (superlative)

Bislama: grin

→ Marshallese: kūriin

Tok Pisin: grin

Etymology tree
Proto-Germanic *grōniz
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂
Proto-Indo-European *-ih₂
Proto-Germanic *-į̄
Proto-West Germanic *-ī
Proto-West Germanic *grōnī
Old English grēne
Middle English grene
English green
From Middle English grene, from Old English grēne, from Proto-West Germanic *grōnī, from Proto-Germanic *grōniz, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁- (“to grow”). More at grow.
See also North Frisian green, West Frisian grien, Dutch groen, Low German grön, green, greun, German grün, Danish and Norwegian Nynorsk grøn, Swedish grön, Norwegian Bokmål grønn, Icelandic grænn.
The sense "obscene, pornographic, sexual" in the Philippines is from a calque of Spanish verde.

der

the grass is always greener on the other side of the road


thirty

From Middle English thirty, metathetic alternant of Middle English thriti, þrittiȝ, from Old English þrītiġ (“thirty”), from Proto-Germanic *þrīz tigiwiz (“thirty”, literally “three tens”), equivalent to three + -ty. Cognate with Scots therty, tretty (“thirty”), West Frisian tritich (“thirty”), Dutch dertig (“thirty”), German dreißig (“thirty”).

inh

For quotations using this term, see Citations:thirty.

The cardinal number occurring after twenty-nine and before thirty-one, represented in Arabic numerals as 30.


cachaça

en-noun

cachaça (countable and uncountable, plural cachaças)

A line of ants heads across the table, detouring around the bottle of cachaça that is now empty.

1984, Mario Vargas Llosa, translated by Helen R. Lane, The War of the End of the World, Folio Society, published 2012, page 222:

Neat cachaça put fire in your belly and stilled the pangs of hunger.

2003, Peter Robb, A Death in Brazil, Bloomsbury, published 2005, page 34:

A type of Brazilian white rum made of sugar cane juice, used as one of the ingredients of a caipirinha.


cachaça

Uncertain, possibly from cachaço (“boar”).

(Brazil, informal) any alcoholic beverage, especially a distilled spirit; booze; grog


caipirinha

caipirinha (traditional Brazilian drink prepared with cachaça, lime juice, sugar and ice)


pinky

pinky (countable and uncountable, plural pinkies)

“Here,” Nigel greeted him, “do try a spot of ‘pinky,’ it's ever so much fun, really.”

2006, Thomas Pynchon, Against the Day, Vintage, published 2007, page 262:

(uncountable, historical, slang, Australia) Methylated spirits mixed with red wine or Condy's crystals.


skim milk

skim milk (countable and uncountable, plural skim milks)

We like to drink skim milk instead so as to consume fewer calories.

(Canada, US, Australia) Non-fat milk; milk that has had the cream removed.


skimmed milk

skimmed milk (countable and uncountable, plural skimmed milks)

We like to drink skimmed milk instead so as to consume fewer calories.


finale

From Late Latin fīnālis, from Latin fīnis (“end; boundary, limit”), whence fine. By surface analysis, fine (“end; limit; goal”) + -ale.

surf

(wine) finish (sensations a wine leaves on the palate after degustation)


drink

drink (nominative singular)
drinky (nominative plural)
drinku (genitive singular)
drinků (genitive plural)
drinku (dative singular)
drinkům (dative plural)
drink (accusative singular)
drinky (accusative plural)
drinku (singular vocative)
drinky (plural vocative)
drinku (locative singular)
drincích (locative plural)
drinkem (instrumental singular)
drinky (instrumental plural)


drink

drink (nominative singular)
drinki (nominative plural)
drinka (genitive singular)
drinków (genitive plural)
drinkowi (dative singular)
drinkom (dative plural)
drinka (accusative singular)
drinki (accusative plural)
drinkiem (instrumental singular)
drinkami (instrumental plural)
drinku (locative singular)
drinkach (locative plural)
drinku (singular vocative)
drinki (plural vocative)

Borrowed from English drink. Doublet of dręk and trunek.

Jeszcze trochę do północy
drink jak zagubiony pocisk
strzelił mocno mi do głowy
coraz trudniej się wysłowić.

2011, “Kawałek do tańca”, performed by Poparzeni Kawą Trzy:

There's still some time before midnight
The drink, like a lost bullet,
shot me right in the head
it's getting harder and harder to speak.

cocktail, drink (served alcoholic beverage)


drink

ta en drink


apod

tasting sour and or bitter and causing a numbing taste in the mouth or tongue, often caused by biting into or eating unripe fruit


square

→ Welsh: sgwâr

From Middle English square, sqware, squyre; from Old French esquarre, esquerre, (modern French équerre), from Vulgar Latin *exquadra, from Latin ex- + quadro, from quadrus (compare English quad and quadra). Doublet of squad and squadra.
Displaced fēowerecge (fēower nominative + ecg accusative, as in "four-edged").


diesel

en-noun

diesel (countable and uncountable, plural diesels)

From German Diesel, named after inventor Rudolf Diesel, who developed a heavy-duty engine in Germany (1892–1897) and perfected it throughout his life.

snakebite and black
snakebite and black#English

(UK, slang) Synonym of snakebite and black.


CS

Cabernet Sauvignon
Cabernet Sauvignon#English

(wine) Initialism of Cabernet Sauvignon.


NV

United States of America
United States of America

Abbreviation of Nevada, a state of the United States of America.


saffron

English: saffron

Scots: sefron

c. 1200, borrowed from Old French safran, from Medieval Latin safranum, from Arabic زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān);
as a colour adjective from the late 14th century.


cream

cream (countable and uncountable, plural creams)

→ Chinese: 忌廉, 淇淋 (qílín)

→ Hindi: क्रीम (krīm)

→ Indonesian: krim

→ Japanese: クリーム (kurīmu)

→ Korean: 크림 (keurim)

→ Swahili: krimu

→ Thai: ครีม (kriim)

→ Zulu: ukhilimu

From Middle English creime, creme, from Old French creme, cresme, blend of Late Latin chrisma (“ointment”) (from Ancient Greek χρῖσμα (khrîsma, “unguent”)), and Late Latin crāmum (“cream”), from Gaulish *crama (compare Welsh cramen (“scab, skin”), Breton crammen), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)krama- (compare Middle Irish screm (“surface, skin”), Dutch schram (“abrasion”), Lithuanian kramas (“scurf”)). Doublet of crema and crème. Displaced native Old English rēam (“cream”) (> modern ream).
Figurative sense of "most excellent element or part" appears from 1581. Verb meaning "to beat, thrash, wreck" is 1929, U.S. colloquial. The U.S. standard of identity is from 21 CFR 131.3(a).

der

Originally the cream filling in Oreo cookies was made with pork lard.

2004, Joey Green, Joey Green's Incredible Country Store, Rodale, →ISBN, page 267:

(informal) Frosting, custard, creamer, or another substance similar to the oily part of milk or to whipped cream.


cream

en-verb

cream (third-person singular simple present creams, present participle creaming, simple past and past participle creamed)

creams (present singular third-person)
creaming (participle present)
creamed (participle past)
creamed (past)

(transitive) To skim, or take off by skimming, as cream.


qui a bu boira

LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR-qui a bu boira.wav

(literally) Once a drunkard, always a drunkard; a person who has drunk will drink again

a leopard cannot change its spots
a leopard cannot change its spots

(figuratively) old habits die hard; a leopard cannot change its spots


French

en-noun

French (countable and uncountable, plural French or Frenches)

→ Zulu: iFulentshi

Inherited from Middle English Frenche, Frensch, Frensc, Frenshe, Frenk, Franche, from Old English Frenċisċ (“Frankish, French”), from Proto-West Germanic *Frankisk (“Frankish”), equivalent to Frank + -ish (compare Frankish). Cognate with Middle Low German vranksch, frenkisch, vrenkesch, vrenksch (“Frankish, French”), Middle High German vrenkisch, vrensch ("Frankish, Franconian; > German fränkisch (“Frankish, Franconian”)), Danish fransk (“French”), Swedish fransk, fransysk (“French”), Icelandic franska (“French”).
Doublet of Frankish.
In reference to vulgar language, from expressions such as pardon my French in the early 19th century, originally in reference to actual (but often mildly impolite) French expressions by the upper class, subsequently adopted ironically by the lower class for English cursewords under the charitable conceit that the listener would not be familiar with them.
In reference to vermouth, a shortened form of French vermouth, distinguished as usually being drier than Italian vermouth.

gl

"Frankish, Franconian; > German <i class="Latn mention" lang="de">fränkisch</i> (“Frankish, Franconian”)

Tearle replied that gin-and-French and virginian cigarettes would do for him.

1930, Ethel Mannin, Confessions & Impressions, page 177:

He was drinking double gins with single Frenches in them.

1967, Michael Francis Gilbert, The Dust & the Heat, page 14:

(chiefly uncountable, dated slang) Ellipsis of French vermouth, a type of dry vermouth.


krowa

pl-noun

krowa f (diminutive krówka, augmentative krówsko, related adjective krowi)

krówka (diminutive)
krówsko (augmentative)
krowi (adjective)
krowa (nominative singular)
krowy (nominative plural)
krowy (genitive singular)
krów (genitive plural)
krowie (dative singular)
krowom (dative plural)
krowę (accusative singular)
krowy (accusative plural)
krową (instrumental singular)
krowami (instrumental plural)
krowie (locative singular)
krowach (locative plural)
krowo (singular vocative)
krowy (plural vocative)

(colloquial) large bottle of vodka (0.7 litre or more)

(historical, informal) Nebelwerfer (World War II German series of mortar weapons)


czekolada

czekolada f (diminutive czekoladka, related adjective czekoladowy)

czekoladka (diminutive)
czekoladowy (adjective)
czekolada (nominative singular)
czekolady (nominative plural)
czekolady (genitive singular)
czekolad (genitive plural)
czekoladzie (dative singular)
czekoladom (dative plural)
czekoladę (accusative singular)
czekolady (accusative plural)
czekoladą (instrumental singular)
czekoladami (instrumental plural)
czekoladzie (locative singular)
czekoladach (locative plural)
czekolado (singular vocative)
czekolady (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Italian cioccolata, from Spanish chocolate, from Classical Nahuatl chocolātl.

czekolada mleczna

czekolada biała

czekolada gorzka

(uncountable) chocolate (food made from ground roasted cocoa beans)


herbatka

herbatka (nominative singular)
herbatki (nominative plural)
herbatki (genitive singular)
herbatek (genitive plural)
herbatce (dative singular)
herbatkom (dative plural)
herbatkę (accusative singular)
herbatki (accusative plural)
herbatką (instrumental singular)
herbatkami (instrumental plural)
herbatce (locative singular)
herbatkach (locative plural)
herbatko (singular vocative)
herbatki (plural vocative)


herbata

herbata f (diminutive herbatka, augmentative herbacina, related adjective herbaciany or herbatni or herbatowy)

herbatka (diminutive)
herbacina (augmentative)
herbaciany (adjective)
herbatni (adjective)
herbatowy (adjective)
herbata (nominative singular)
herbaty (nominative plural)
herbaty (genitive singular)
herbat (genitive plural)
herbacie (dative singular)
herbatom (dative plural)
herbatę (accusative singular)
herbaty (accusative plural)
herbatą (instrumental singular)
herbatami (instrumental plural)
herbacie (locative singular)
herbatach (locative plural)
herbato (singular vocative)
herbaty (plural vocative)

→ Belarusian: гарба́та (harbáta)

desc

→ Kashubian: arbata, rabata, erbata, rebata

→ Lithuanian: arbata

→ Samogitian: erbeta

→ Ukrainian: герба́та (herbáta)

Learned borrowing from New Latin herba thea, the second element from Dutch thee, from Malay teh, from Hokkien 茶 (tê).

lbor

Tradycyjna herbata to napar przygotowywany z liści lub pąków krzewu herbacianego (Camellia sinensis). Gatunek wywodzący się z Chin jest obecnie uprawiany w dziesiątkach krajów, stając się jedną z najważniejszych i najbardziej rozpowszechnionych roślin uprawnych na Ziemi.

2023 September 13, “RODZAJE HERBAT: Od liścia do filiżanki”, in demmers.pl, archived from the original on 2024-01-25:

Traditional tea is an infusion prepared from the leaves or buds of the tea plant (Camellia sinensis). The species, which originated in China, is now cultivated in dozens of countries, becoming one of the most important and widespread crops on Earth.

(uncountable) tea, tea plant (Camellia sinensis)

Rodzaje herbaty chińskiej różni sposób zbioru, który często odbywa się o odmiennych porach roku i z określonych miejsc na gałązce, a następnie specjalny sposób przetwarzania z zastosowaniem wielu etapów. Każda z nich występuje też w licznych wersjach, często diametralnie różniących się smakiem. Nie tylko przygotowuje się z nich napar, ale także spożywa wraz z napojem, jak ma to miejsce w przypadku zielonej herbaty matcha. Obróbka liści herbaty wpływa nie tylko na wygląd i smak tego, co zaparzamy, ale również na właściwości uzyskanego napoju.

2023 October 25, Anna Rokicka-Żuk, “Z tą herbatą schudniesz bez trudu. Pij na spalanie tłuszczu z brzucha i zobacz, ile kilogramów możesz stracić”, in szczecinek.naszemiasto.pl, archived from the original on 2024-01-25:

The types of Chinese tea differ in the way they are harvested, which is often at different times of the year and from specific locations on the branch, followed by special processing with multiple steps. Each of them also comes in numerous versions, often differing dramatically in taste. They are not only made into an infusion but also consumed together with the drink, as is the case with matcha. The processing of tea leaves affects not only the appearance and taste of what we brew but also the properties of the resulting beverage.

(countable) tea (dried leaves of the tea plant)

Jesienią i zimą sięgamy po domowe sposoby na podniesienie odporności. Jednym z nich jest picie herbaty z dodatkiem cytryny, miodu i imbiru. Każdy z tych składników pomoże również na łagodzenie objawów przeziębienia. Pamiętajmy jednak o kilku zasadach, by cytryna, miód i imbir mogły jak najlepiej zadziałać.

2023 October 23, Klaudia Katarzyńska, “Herbata z miodem, cytryną i imbirem. PRZEPIS jest prosty, ale prawie wszyscy robią ten błąd”, in gotowanie.dziennik.pl, archived from the original on 2024-01-25:

In autumn and winter, we turn to home remedies to boost our immunity. One of them is to drink tea with lemon, honey, and ginger. Each of these ingredients will also help relieve cold symptoms. However, we should remember a few rules so that lemon, honey, and ginger can work best.

(countable) tea (drink made from leaves of the tea plant)

(countable) tea (infusion of various herbs)

(countable) tea (cup of a drink made from other plants)

(uncountable) tea (modest afternoon party)


wódka

pl-noun

wódka f (diminutive wódeczka, augmentative wóda)

wódeczka (diminutive)
wóda (augmentative)
wódka (nominative singular)
wódki (nominative plural)
wódki (genitive singular)
wódek (genitive plural)
wódce (dative singular)
wódkom (dative plural)
wódkę (accusative singular)
wódki (accusative plural)
wódką (instrumental singular)
wódkami (instrumental plural)
wódce (locative singular)
wódkach (locative plural)
wódko (singular vocative)
wódki (plural vocative)


sangría

→ English: sangria

→ German: Sangria

sangria (type of wine punch with cubed pieces of fruit and fruit soda)


kawa

kava, beverage made from Piper methysticum


kawa

csb-noun

kawa f (diminutive kôwka or kawulka or kawuszka)

kôwka (diminutive)
kawulka (diminutive)
kawuszka (diminutive)
kawa (nominative singular)
kawë (nominative plural)
kawë (genitive singular)
kaw (genitive plural)
kawów (genitive plural)
kawie (dative singular)
kawóm (dative plural)
kawã (accusative singular)
kawë (accusative plural)
kawą (instrumental singular)
kawama (instrumental plural)
kawie (locative singular)
kawach (locative plural)
kawa (singular vocative)
kawò (singular vocative)
kawë (plural vocative)


kawa

pl-noun

kawa f (diminutive kawka or kawcia or kawunia or kawusia, related adjective kawowy)

kawka (diminutive)
kawcia (diminutive)
kawunia (diminutive)
kawusia (diminutive)
kawowy (adjective)
kawa (nominative singular)
kawy (nominative plural)
kawy (genitive singular)
kaw (genitive plural)
kawie (dative singular)
kawom (dative plural)
kawę (accusative singular)
kawy (accusative plural)
kawą (instrumental singular)
kawami (instrumental plural)
kawie (locative singular)
kawach (locative plural)
kawo (singular vocative)
kawy (plural vocative)

→ Yiddish: קאַווע (kave)

Internationalism; compare Hungarian kávé, Serbo-Croatian kava, Turkish kahve, ultimately from Ottoman Turkish قهوه (kahve). Doublet of café.

(uncountable) coffee (beverage made by infusing the beans of the coffee plant in hot water)

(countable) coffee (serving of this beverage)

(countable) coffee (act of drinking this beverage)

(countable) coffee (any plant of the genus Coffea)

(countable) coffee (seeds of the plant used to make coffee, called “beans” due to their shape)

(countable) coffee (short social gathering where coffee is served)


kawa

kawa (nominative singular)
kawy (nominative plural)
kawy (genitive singular)
kaw (genitive plural)
kawie (dative singular)
kawom (dative plural)
kawę (accusative singular)
kawy (accusative plural)
kawą (instrumental singular)
kawami (instrumental plural)
kawie (locative singular)
kawach (locative plural)
kawo (singular vocative)
kawy (plural vocative)

(obsolete or dialectal) jackdaw (any corvid of the genus Coloeus)


Assam

Of unclear origin, but generally agreed to be related to Ahom. More at Etymology of Assam on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

pedia

A state in northeastern India. Capital: Dispur.

(historical) The former realm it was named after.


Assam

He took the cup in both hands and sipped. It was their favourite blend of Assam, dark and heady and strong.

2022, R. F. Kuang, Babel, HarperVoyager, page 360:

Ellipsis of Assam tea: tea from or similar to that grown in Assam; any tea made from the broad-leaf Assam variety of tea (C. sinensis var. assamica).


drawing

en-noun

drawing (countable and uncountable, plural drawings)

From Middle English drauing, drawing, equivalent to draw + -ing.

Such acts practiced as a graphic art form.


acre

Borrowed from Latin ācrem. Doublet of agre, agro, and ágrio.

sharp (unpleasantly acrid or tart in taste)


canary

canary (countable and uncountable, plural canaries)

From French canarie, from Spanish canario, from the Latin Canariae insulae (“Canary Islands”) (Spanish Islas Canarias); from the largest island Insula Canaria (“Dog Island" or "Canine Island”), named for its dogs, from canārius (“canine”), from canis (“dog”).

der

Ile to my honeſt knight ſir Iohn Falſtaffe, / And drinke Canary with him.

c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, […] [T]he Merrie Wiues of Windsor. […] (First Quarto), London: […] T[homas] C[reede] for Arthur Ihonson, […], published 1602, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:

And though the annals of the period do not show us that there was less ale drawn, or less canary called for; men got dry with the heat of polemical discussion, and drunk with a text, not the fag end of a ballad, in their mouths; and people made a sort of morality of straight hair, long faces, and sad-coloured garments.

1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XVII, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume II, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 190:

Or maybe you'd accept iv a couple o' bottles of claret or canaries?

1863, J[oseph] Sheridan Le Fanu, “In Which a Liberty Is Taken with Mr. Nutter’s Name, and Mr. Dangerfield Stands at the Altar”, in The House by the Church-yard. […], volume II, London: Tinsley, Brothers, […], →OCLC, page 234:

(countable, uncountable) A light, sweet, white wine from the Canary Islands.


teetotal

en-adj

teetotal (comparative more teetotal, superlative most teetotal)

more teetotal (comparative)
most teetotal (superlative)

From total, the reduplicated tee acts as an intensifier, hence T-total. First use appears around the late 17th century. See cite below.

There is absolutely a teetotal society here in the heart of the mountains, and some quarrelsome drunkards have become reformed!

1799, Religious Tract Society (Great Britain) (contributor), Jamaica, Enslaved and Free, page 88:

Abstinent from alcohol; never drinking alcohol.


teetotal

Hubert is trying to persuade James, a strict Presbyterian and teetotal, to come into the pub.

2004, Andrea Levy, chapter 12, in Small Island, London: Review, page 137:


teetotal

en-verb

teetotal (third-person singular simple present teetotals, present participle teetotaling, simple past and past participle teetotaled)

teetotals (present singular third-person)
teetotaling (participle present)
teetotaled (participle past)
teetotaled (past)

(intransitive, uncommon) To advocate or practice the total abstinence from alcohol.


maid

maid (nominative singular)
maidod (nominative plural)
maidon (accusative singular)
maidod (accusative plural)
maidon (genitive singular)
maidoiden (genitive plural)
maidod (partitive singular)
maidoid (partitive plural)
maidon (essive-instructive singular)
maidoin (essive-instructive plural)
maidoks (singular translative)
maidoikš (plural translative)
maidos (inessive singular)
maidoiš (inessive plural)
maidospäi (elative singular)
maidoišpäi (elative plural)
maidoho (illative singular)
maidoihe (illative plural)
maidol (adessive singular)
maidoil (adessive plural)
maidolpäi (ablative singular)
maidoilpäi (ablative plural)
maidole (allative singular)
maidoile (allative plural)
maidota (abessive singular)
maidoita (abessive plural)
maidonke (comitative singular)
maidoidenke (comitative plural)
maidodme (prolative singular)
maidoidme (plural prolative)
maidonno (approximative approximative-i singular)
maidoidenno (approximative approximative-i plural)
maidonnoks (approximative approximative-ii singular)
maidoidennoks (approximative approximative-ii plural)
maidonnopäi (egressive singular)
maidoidennopäi (egressive plural)
maidohosai (singular terminative terminative-i)
maidoihesai (plural terminative terminative-i)
maidolesai (singular terminative terminative-ii)
maidoilesai (plural terminative terminative-ii)
maidossai (singular terminative terminative-iii)
maidohopäi (additive additive-i singular)
maidoihepäi (additive additive-i plural)
maidolepäi (additive additive-ii singular)
maidoilepäi (additive additive-ii plural)

From Proto-Finnic *maito, possibly from Proto-Finno-Permic *majδ̕ɜ. Cognates include Finnish maito.


lam

nl-noun

lam n (plural lammeren, diminutive lammetje n)

lammeren (plural)
lammetje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: lam, lamtje

→ Papiamentu: lamchi, lammetsje

From Middle Dutch lam, from Old Dutch *lamb, from Proto-West Germanic *lamb.

(metonymically) the meat - or fleece/wool produce of a lamb; a dish prepared from lamb's meat

(figuratively) a gentle person, especially an innocent child


lam

nl-adj

lam (comparative lammer, superlative lamst)

lammer (comparative)
lamst (superlative)
lam (adverbial positive predicative)
lammer (adverbial comparative predicative)
het lamst (adverbial predicative superlative)
het lamste (adverbial predicative superlative)
lamme (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
lammere (comparative feminine indefinite masculine singular)
lamste (feminine indefinite masculine singular superlative)
lam (indefinite neuter positive singular)
lammer (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
lamste (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
lamme (indefinite plural positive)
lammere (comparative indefinite plural)
lamste (indefinite plural superlative)
lamme (definite positive)
lammere (comparative definite)
lamste (definite superlative)
lams (partitive positive)
lammers (comparative partitive)

Negerhollands: lam

→ Caribbean Javanese: lam

→ Papiamentu: lam

From Middle Dutch lam, from Old Dutch *lam, from Proto-West Germanic *lam, from Proto-Germanic *lamaz.


draw

en-verb

draw (third-person singular simple present draws, present participle drawing, simple past drew, past participle drawn or (colloquial and nonstandard) drew)

draws (present singular third-person)
drawing (participle present)
drew (past)
drawn (participle past)
drew (colloquial nonstandard participle past)
draw (infinitive)

From Middle English drawen, draȝen, dragen (“to drag, pull, push, draw (out), go to, make, add, etc.”), from Old English dragan, from Proto-West Germanic *dragan, from Proto-Germanic *draganą, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰregʰ- (“to draw, pull”). Doublet of drag and draught.
cognates
* Albanian dredh (“to turn, spin”)
* Danish drage
* Dutch dragen
* German tragen (“to carry”)
* Old Armenian դառնամ (daṙnam, “to turn”)
* Sanskrit ध्रजस् (dhrájas, “gliding course or motion”)
* West Frisian drage

snímat

cardgames: to take the top card of a deck into hand

every miller draws water to his own mill

one hair of a woman can draw more than a hundred pair of oxen

"There's your tay set for you an' drawin' nicely this minute, Miss Ethel," called old Bridget from the hall.

1930, Norman Lindsay, Redheap, Sydney, N.S.W.: Ure Smith, published 1965, →OCLC, page 207:

She made a pot of very strong tea, and while she was waiting for it to draw she opened the kitchen door to inspect her garden.

1984, Anita Brookner, Hotel du Lac, Penguin, published 2016, page 119:

Tea is much nicer if you let it draw for more than two minutes before pouring.

(intransitive, transitive) To steep; to leave (tea) temporarily in water to allow the flavour to increase.

vyluhovávat

of drinks: to leave temporarily so as to allow the flavour to increase


drunken

en-adj

drunken (comparative more drunken, superlative most drunken)

more drunken (comparative)
most drunken (superlative)

From Middle English drunken, ydronken, idrunken, from Old English druncen, ġedruncen (“drunk; drunken”), from Proto-Germanic *drunkanaz (“drunken”), past participle of Proto-Germanic *drinkaną (“to drink”), equivalent to drink + -en. Cognate with West Frisian dronken (“drunk; drunken”), Dutch dronken (“drunk; drunken”), German betrunken (“drunk; drunken”), Swedish drucken (“drunk; drunken”).

(derogatory) Given to habitual excessive use of alcohol.

juopotteleva

given to habitual excessive use of alcohol


whistler

From Middle English whisteler, whistlar, whystelare, from Old English hwistlere (“a player on a flute; a piper”), equivalent to whistle + -er.

inh

Any of several passerine birds of the genera Pachycephala and Coracornis, of Australasia and the western Pacific.

A goldeneye (any of certain ducks of genus Bucephala).

(slang, obsolete) The keeper of a whistling shop, or shebeen.


pin

→ Norwegian Nynorsk: pins

→ Polish: pin

→ Spanish: pin

→ Swahili: pini

→ Swedish: pin, pins

From Middle English pinne, from Old English pinn (“pin, peg, bolt”), from Proto-Germanic *pinnaz, *pinnō, *pint- (“protruding point, peak, peg, pin, nail”), from Proto-Indo-European *bend- (“protruding object, pointed peg, nail, edge”). Related to pen (“enclosure”).
Cognate with Dutch pin (“peg, pin”), Low German pin, pinne (“pin, point, nail, peg”), German Pinn, Pinne (“pin, tack, peg”), Bavarian Pfonzer, Pfunzer (“sharpened point”), Danish pind (“pin, pointed stick”), Norwegian pinn (“stick”), Swedish pinne (“peg, rod, stick”), Icelandic pinni (“pin”). More at pintle.
No relation to classical Latin pinna (“fin, flipper, wing-like appendage, wing, feather”), which was extended to mean "ridge, peak, point" (compare pinnacle), and often confused with Latin penna (“wing, feather”). More at feather and pen (Etymology 3).

cog

Our ground crew were lodged in the main station, but they came to the cottage for a party when operations for the night had been cancelled and we had a new ‘gong’ (decoration) to celebrate. On these occasions we always installed a pin of bitter.

1978, Hugh Verity, chapter 2, in We landed by moonlight, Manchester: Crécy Publishing, →ISBN, page 22=:

(UK, brewing) A size of brewery cask, equal to half a firkin, or eighth of a barrel.


grind

en-verb

grind (third-person singular simple present grinds, present participle grinding, simple past and past participle ground or grinded)

grinds (present singular third-person)
grinding (participle present)
ground (participle past)
ground (past)
grinded (participle past)
grinded (past)
grind (infinitive)
grind (infinitive)

From Middle English grynden, from Old English grindan, from Proto-West Germanic *grindan, from Proto-Germanic *grindaną.
Cognate with Saterland Frisian gríende, griene (“to grind, mill”), Dutch grinden (“to grind”, rare) and grind (“gravel, shingle”), Albanian grind (“to brawl, fight”).

the mill cannot grind with water that is past

I need to pontificate on something that really grinds me. So here goes. I am sick and tired of lazy thinkers using the defense of “legislated morality.”

2003, Steven Wunderink, Minding Your Spiritual Business: Life Stories with Life Sense, page 139:

(transitive, slang) To annoy or irritate (a person); to grind one's gears.


grind

en-noun

grind (countable and uncountable, plural grinds)

This bag contains espresso grind.

A specific degree of pulverization of coffee beans.

jauhatus

a specific degree of pulverization of coffee beans


sweet

en-adj

sweet (comparative sweeter, superlative sweetest)

sweeter (comparative)
sweetest (superlative)

nonsweet

antonym(s) of “containing a sweetening ingredient”

dry

of wines: retaining a portion of natural sugar

decaying

antonym(s) of “not decaying, fermented, rancid, sour, spoiled, or stale”

sour

antonym(s) of “free from excessive unwanted substances”

lame

antonym(s) of “(informal) very pleasing”

From Middle English swete, from Old English swēte (“sweet”), from Proto-West Germanic *swōtī, from Proto-Germanic *swōtuz (“sweet”), from Proto-Indo-European *swéh₂dus (“sweet”).
Cognate and synonymous with Scots sweit (“sweet”), North Frisian sweete (“sweet”), Saterland Frisian swäit (“sweet”), West Frisian swiet (“sweet”), Dutch zoet (“sweet”), German Low German sööt (“sweet”), German süß (“sweet”), Danish sød (“sweet”), Swedish söt (“sweet”), Norwegian søt (“sweet”), Icelandic sætur (“sweet”), Latin suāvis, Sanskrit स्वादु (svādú), Ancient Greek ἡδύς (hēdús). Doublet of suave.

money won is twice as sweet as money earned

Sweet wines are better dessert wines.

sweet butter


lean

Probably from the verb to lean (see etymology 1 above), supposedly because consumption of the intoxicating beverage causes one to "lean". Alternatively, possibly short for gasoline (“an alcoholic beverage made of vodka and energy drink”).

Eyes real tight 'cause I'm chokin' the creep; vision messed up 'cause I'm drinkin' the lean.

2005, “Stay Fly”, in Jordan Houston, Darnell Carlton, Paul Beauregard, Premro Smith, Marlon Goodwin, David Brown, Willie Hutchinson (lyrics), Most Known Unknown, performed by Three 6 Mafia (featuring Young Buck, 8 Ball, and MJG), Sony BMG:

"What's in the cup, let me see that / Girl, where the rest of that promethazine at?" / She said, "Cool, gotta run out to my Cadillac though / And I'll be like Fat Joe, and bring the lean back"

2020, “Those Kinda Nights”, in Music to Be Murdered By, performed by Eminem ft. Ed Sheeran:

(slang, US) A recreational drug based on codeine-laced promethazine cough syrup, especially popular in the hip hop community in the southeastern United States.


pledge

en-verb

pledge (third-person singular simple present pledges, present participle pledging, simple past and past participle pledged)

pledges (present singular third-person)
pledging (participle present)
pledged (participle past)
pledged (past)

From Middle English plege, from Anglo-Norman plege, from Old French plege (Modern French pleige) from Medieval Latin plevium, plebium, from plebiō (“I pledge”), from Frankish *plehan (“to pledge; to support; to guarantee”). Akin to Old High German pflegan (“to take care of, be accustomed to”), Old Saxon plegan (“to vouch for”), Old English plēon (“to risk, endanger”). More at plight.

cog

HARDCASTLE [Taking the cup.] I hope you'll find it to your mind. I have prepared it with my own hands, and I believe you'll own the ingredients are tolerable. Will you be so good as to pledge me, sir? Here, Mr. Marlow, here is to our better acquaintance. [Drinks.]

1773, Oliver Goldsmith, She Stoops to Conquer:

Reach me my golden cup that stands by thee,
And pledge me in it first for courtesy.

1852, Matthew Arnold, Tristram and Iseult:

(transitive) To give assurance of friendship by the act of drinking; to drink to one's health.


bitters

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-bitters.wav

A liquid used in mixed drinks or as a tonic into which bitter herbs have been steeped (it can also be found in powdered form for adding to mixed drinks).


drunk

en-adj

drunk (comparative drunker, superlative drunkest)

drunker (comparative)
drunkest (superlative)

Sranan Tongo: drungu

Aukan: duungu

Saramaccan: döö́ngö

From Middle English drunke, drunken, ydrunke, ydrunken, from Old English druncen, ġedruncen (“drunk”), from Proto-Germanic *drunkanaz, *gadrunkanaz (“drunk; drunken”), past participle of Proto-Germanic *drinkaną (“to drink”). Cognate with Saterland Frisian dronken, West Frisian dronken, Dutch dronken, gedronken, German Low German drunken, bedrunken, German trunken,
getrunken, betrunken, Swedish drucken, Icelandic drukkinn.

appeal from Philip drunk to Philip sober

So I took a great dry gourd and, cutting open the head, scooped out the inside and cleaned it; after which I gathered grapes from a vine which grew hard by and squeezed them into the gourd, till it was full of the juice. Then I stopped up the mouth and set in the sun, where I left it for some days, until it became strong wine; and every day I used to drink of it, to comfort and sustain me under my fatigues with that from froward and obstinate fiend; and as often as I drank myself drunk, I forgot my troubles and took new heart.

1885–1888, Richard F[rancis] Burton, transl. and editor, “Night 557”, in A Plain and Literal Translation of the Arabian Nights’ Entertainments, now Entituled The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night […], Shammar edition, volume (please specify the volume), [London]: […] Burton Club […], →OCLC:

"What part of 'you got drunk' did our parents misunderstand?" "I only drank a few shots!"

2013 May 9, Dan Shive, El Goonish Shive (webcomic), Comic for Thursday, May 9, 2013:

Intoxicated as a result of excessive alcohol consumption, usually by drinking alcoholic beverages.

dronk

intoxicated after drinking too much alcohol

upity

strongly drunk or made drunk by somebody

(derogatory) Habitually or frequently in a state of intoxication.

boozy

habitually or frequently intoxicated from alcohol


drunk

Another drunk is sleeping in dangerous proximity to a brush fire.

1971, William S. Burroughs, The Wild Boys: A Book of the Dead, page 10:

A habitual drinker, especially one who is frequently intoxicated.

Gen. G. had been on a long drunk from July last until Christmas.

1858 June 8, “A Scarcity of Jurors—Cangemi's Third Trial”, in New York Times, page 4:

Life probably would have continued in blissful ignorance if it had not been for Vito's occasional late-night drunks. Usually he got plastered and misplaced his keys […] and bellowed obscenities into our shared hallway.

1983 December 10, Veneita Porter, “A Little Help From Mom”, in Gay Community News, volume 11, number 21, page 14:

Now if you'll excuse me, I'm going to go on an overnight drunk, and in 10 days I'm going to set out to find the shark that ate my friend and destroy it. Anyone who wants to tag along is more than welcome.

2004, Wes Anderson, Noah Baumbach, The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou, spoken by Steve Zissou (Bill Murray):

A drinking-bout; a period of drunkenness.

Here – help yourself to another drop there, Redmond! By the time we've got a good drunk on us there'll be more crack in this valley than the night I pissed on the electric fence!

2006, Patrick McCabe, Winterwood, Bloomsbury, published 2007, page 10:


shake

shake (nominative singular)
shaki (nominative plural)
shake'a (genitive singular)
shake'ów (genitive plural)
shake'owi (dative singular)
shake'om (dative plural)
shake'a (accusative singular)
shaki (accusative plural)
shakiem (instrumental singular)
shake'ami (instrumental plural)
shake'u (locative singular)
shake'ach (locative plural)
shake'u (singular vocative)
shaki (plural vocative)

milkshake, shake (milk and ice cream beverage)


vermut

vermut (nominative singular)
vermuty (nominative plural)
vermutu (genitive singular)
vermutů (genitive plural)
vermutu (dative singular)
vermutům (dative plural)
vermut (accusative singular)
vermuty (accusative plural)
vermute (singular vocative)
vermuty (plural vocative)
vermutu (locative singular)
vermutech (locative plural)
vermutem (instrumental singular)
vermuty (instrumental plural)
vermut (nominative singular)
vermuty (nominative plural)
vermutu (genitive singular)
vermutů (genitive plural)
vermutu (dative singular)
vermutům (dative plural)
vermut (accusative singular)
vermuty (accusative plural)
vermute (singular vocative)
vermuty (plural vocative)
vermutu (locative singular)
vermutech (locative plural)
vermutem (instrumental singular)
vermuty (instrumental plural)


vermut

head

vermut (genitive vermuti, partitive vermutit)

vermuti (genitive)
vermutit (partitive)
vermut (nominative singular)
vermutid (nominative plural)
vermut (accusative nominative singular)
vermutid (accusative nominative plural)
vermuti (accusative genitive singular)
vermutid (accusative genitive plural)
vermuti (genitive singular)
vermutite (genitive plural)
vermutit (partitive singular)
vermuteid (partitive plural)
vermutisse (illative singular)
vermutitesse (illative plural)
vermuteisse (illative plural)
vermutis (inessive singular)
vermutites (inessive plural)
vermuteis (inessive plural)
vermutist (elative singular)
vermutitest (elative plural)
vermuteist (elative plural)
vermutile (allative singular)
vermutitele (allative plural)
vermuteile (allative plural)
vermutil (adessive singular)
vermutitel (adessive plural)
vermuteil (adessive plural)
vermutilt (ablative singular)
vermutitelt (ablative plural)
vermuteilt (ablative plural)
vermutiks (singular translative)
vermutiteks (plural translative)
vermuteiks (plural translative)
vermutini (singular terminative)
vermutiteni (plural terminative)
vermutina (essive singular)
vermutitena (essive plural)
vermutita (abessive singular)
vermutiteta (abessive plural)
vermutiga (comitative singular)
vermutitega (comitative plural)


vermut

vermutok (plural)
vermut (nominative singular)
vermutok (nominative plural)
vermutot (accusative singular)
vermutokat (accusative plural)
vermutnak (dative singular)
vermutoknak (dative plural)
vermuttal (instrumental singular)
vermutokkal (instrumental plural)
vermutért (causal-final singular)
vermutokért (causal-final plural)
vermuttá (singular translative)
vermutokká (plural translative)
vermutig (singular terminative)
vermutokig (plural terminative)
vermutként (essive-formal singular)
vermutokként (essive-formal plural)
vermutban (inessive singular)
vermutokban (inessive plural)
vermuton (singular superessive)
vermutokon (plural superessive)
vermutnál (adessive singular)
vermutoknál (adessive plural)
vermutba (illative singular)
vermutokba (illative plural)
vermutra (singular sublative)
vermutokra (plural sublative)
vermuthoz (allative singular)
vermutokhoz (allative plural)
vermutból (elative singular)
vermutokból (elative plural)
vermutról (delative singular)
vermutokról (delative plural)
vermuttól (ablative singular)
vermutoktól (ablative plural)
vermuté (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
vermutoké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
vermutéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
vermutokéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
vermutom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
vermutjaim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
vermutod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
vermutjaid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
vermutja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
vermutjai (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
vermutunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
vermutjaink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
vermutotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
vermutjaitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
vermutjuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
vermutjaik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)


vermut

vèrmut (canonical masculine)
вѐрмут (Cyrillic)
vermut (nominative singular)
vermuti (nominative plural)
vermuta (genitive singular)
vermuta (genitive plural)
vermutu (dative singular)
vermutima (dative plural)
vermut (accusative singular)
vermute (accusative plural)
vermute (singular vocative)
vermuti (plural vocative)
vermutu (locative singular)
vermutima (locative plural)
vermutom (instrumental singular)
vermutima (instrumental plural)

From English vermouth, from French vermout, from German Wermut.


vermouth

en-noun

vermouth (countable and uncountable, plural vermouths)

From French vermout, vermouth, from German Wermut (“wormwood”). Doublet of wormwood.

He gazed around until on the lid of a spinet he spotted a promising collection of bottles, gin, whiskey, vermouth and sherry, mixed with violin bows, a flute, a toppling pile of books, six volumes of Grove's Dictionary mingled with paperback thrillers, a guitar without any strings, a pair of binoculars, a meerschaum pipe and a jar half-full of wasps and apricot jam.

1956, Delano Ames, chapter 14, in Crime out of Mind:

Vermouth originated in the 18th century, when wine growers in the foothills of the French and Italian Alps developed a method of enhancing the taste of sour or uncompromising wines with the infusion of a variety of sweeteners, spices, herbs, roots, seeds, flowers, and peel.

2014, Ray Foley, Bartending For Dummies, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN, page 116:

Earlier this year while in Madrid, I fell prey to what the Spanish call la hora del vermut, the vermouth hour, a break in the day for a glass, generally before eating.

2023 July 20, Eric Asimov, “This Summer, Pause for the Vermouth Hour”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

A dry, or sweet apéritif wine flavored with aromatic herbs, and often used in mixed drinks.


vermouth

→ English: vermouth

→ Romanian: vermut

→ Turkish: vermut


IPA

IPA (countable and uncountable, plural IPAs)

Not bad for an amber or pale ale, but India pale ale, I don't think so. So why does Bass put IPA on the label?

1998, Pete Slosberg, Beer for Pete's Sake: The Wicked Adventures of a Brewing Maverick, page 128:

(beer, countable) Initialism of India pale ale.


shot

shot (countable and uncountable, plural shots)

→ Dutch: shot

→ French: shot

→ Macedonian: шот (šot)

→ Malay: syot

→ Polish: shot

→ Portuguese: shot

→ Russian: шот (šot)

→ Spanish: shot

→ Swedish: shot

→ Ukrainian: шот (šot)

From Old English sceot, from Proto-Germanic *skutą; compare the doublet scot.

you miss 100% of the shots you don't take


shot

shot (nominative singular)
shoty (nominative plural)
shota (genitive singular)
shotów (genitive plural)
shotowi (dative singular)
shotom (dative plural)
shota (accusative singular)
shoty (accusative plural)
shotem (instrumental singular)
shotami (instrumental plural)
shocie (locative singular)
shotach (locative plural)
shocie (singular vocative)
shoty (plural vocative)

shot, shooter (small, strong drink with a small amount of non-alcoholic ingredients, served in a vodka glass with a volume of up to 50 ml, drunk at once, usually also in a larger number; less often: a small portion of strong alcohol without admixtures)


shot

(informal) shot (small quantity of drink, especially alcohol)


wine

wine (countable and uncountable, plural wines)

Tok Pisin: wain
→ Rotokas: uain

→ Burmese: ဝိုင် (wuing)

→ Central Melanau: wain

→ Chuukese: wain

→ Ewe: wein

→ Hawaiian: waina

→ Japanese: ワイン (wain)

→ Kannada: ವೈನ್ (vain)

→ Korean: 와인 (wain)

→ Malay: wain

→ Maori: wāina

→ Navajo: wáán

→ Tamil: வைன் (vaiṉ)

→ Thai: ไวน์ (waai)

From Middle English wyn, win, from Old English wīn, from Proto-West Germanic *wīn, from Proto-Germanic *wīną, either directly or via Latin vīnum (from Proto-Italic *wīnom) from Proto-Indo-European *wóyh₁nom (“wine”). Doublet of vine and vino.

خَمْر

alcoholic beverage made from other fruits, vegetables or plants

And David's Lips are lock't; but in divine
High piping Péhlevi, with "Wine! Wine! Wine!
Red Wine!" — the Nightingale cries to the Rose
That yellow Cheek of her's to'incarnadine.

1859, Edward Fitzgerald, The Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyám: The Astronomer-Poet of Persia, page 2:

In Europe then [1925] we thought of wine as something as healthy and normal as food and also as a great giver of happiness and well being and delight. Drinking wine was not a snobbism nor a sign of sophistication nor a cult; it was as natural as eating and to me as necessary, and I would not have thought of eating a meal without drinking either wine or cider or beer.

1964, Ernest Hemingway, A Moveable Feast, New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, →OCLC, page 156:

Wine is usually stronger than beer.

"Wine improves with age but I improve with wine," she slurred as she slid gracefully beneath the table.

An alcoholic beverage made by fermenting grape juice, with an ABV ranging from 5.5–16%.

...dandelion wine, rice wine, plum wine...

An alcoholic beverage made by fermenting other substances, producing a similar ABV.


wine

A variant of wind with simplification of the final consonant cluster; for the vowel quality, compare find, mind, rind.

Vor voices rawze upon tha wine

1850, James Orchard Halliwell, A Dictionary of Archaic and Provincial Words, Obsolete Phrases, Proverbs, and Ancient Customs, from the Fourteenth Century:

Aw how sholl I tell o’m—vor âll pirty maidens / When I pass’d ’em look’d back—ther smill rawze on tha wine.

1869, James Jennings, The Dialect of the West of England, particularly Somersetshire:


wine

en-verb

wine (third-person singular simple present wines, present participle wining, simple past and past participle wined)

wines (present singular third-person)
wining (participle present)
wined (participle past)
wined (past)

From Jamaican Creole [Term?], related to wind (verb).

Even when there are positive comments, as in the responses to “white boy wines to dancehall,” the origin of the white boy's ability to dance is attributed to skills derived from others: […].

2010, Andoni Alonso, Pedro Oiarzabal, editors, Diasporas in the New Media Age: Identity, Politics, and Community, University of Nevada Press, →ISBN:

(dance, intransitive) To perform a Jamaican dance, such as the Dutty Wine.


do

Related to Persian دوغ (duğ) and Tajik дуғ (duġ).


sot

From Cantonese short (sot¹, “crazy”), itself a clipping of English short circuit.

All these delusional ACN graduates. Must be OT so much until brain sot liao

2021 July 13, Unregistered, “Roles in accenture singapore”, in Salary.sg Forums:

(Singlish, Manglish, intransitive) To go crazy.


sovereign

en-adj

sovereign (comparative more sovereign, superlative most sovereign)

more sovereign (comparative)
most sovereign (superlative)

From Middle English sovereyn, from Old French soverain (whence also modern French souverain), from Vulgar Latin *superānus (compare Italian sovrano, Spanish soberano) from Latin super (“above”). Spelling influenced by folk-etymology association with reign. Doublet of soprano, from the same Latin root via Italian. See also suzerain, foreign.

We acknowledge him [God] our sovereign good.

1594–1597, Richard Hooker, edited by J[ohn] S[penser], Of the Lawes of Ecclesiastical Politie, […], London: […] Will[iam] Stansby [for Matthew Lownes], published 1611, →OCLC, (please specify the page):

Predominant; greatest; utmost; paramount.


sovereign

→ Irish: sabhran

→ Russian: соверен (soveren)

→ Scottish Gaelic: sòbharan

→ Welsh: sofren

souverain

one who is not a subject to a ruler or nation

en:coin with nominal value of one pound sterling

A gold coin of the United Kingdom, with a nominal value of one pound sterling but in practice used as a bullion coin.

No, someone who wears loads of sovereigns as well loads of gold and has uh a curly perm and peroxide blonde hair, orange, orange sunbed skin and a fringe like this blow-dried to death, that’s a ‘scally’.

2004, December 11, "Birkenhead, Merseyside" BBC Voices recording (0:06:52)

No visible tattoos, sovereigns, mismatched jewellery, scrunchies, large clips or hoop earrings.

2011 July 1, Caroline Davies, “Harrods 'ladies' code' drives out sales assistant”, in The Guardian:

(UK, slang) A large, garish ring; a sovereign ring.


dairy

en-noun

dairy (countable and uncountable, plural dairies)

Origin 1250–1300 (Middle English daierie and other forms), from dey (“dairymaid”) + -ery.

Can you go and buy some yoghurt and blue cheese from the dairy?

(New Zealand) A corner store, superette or minimart.

My routine changed in February because I stopped alcohol, caffeine and dairy. Normally, I would have drunk a strong beer before I went to bed and made an espresso in the morning. It’s boring now but healthier.

2023 May 14, Alix Strauss, “How the Head of a Filmmaking Center Spends His Sundays”, in The New York Times:

(uncountable) (also dairy products or dairy produce) Products produced from milk.


bir

From Middle High German bier, from Old High German bior, from Proto-West Germanic *beuʀ, from Proto-Germanic *beuzą (“beer”). Cognate with German Bier, English beer. Doublet of bira.


bir

id-noun

bir (first-person possessive birku, second-person possessive birmu, third-person possessive birnya)

birku (first-person possessive)
birmu (possessive second-person)
birnya (possessive third-person)


bir

ms-noun

bir (Jawi spelling بير, informal 1st possessive birku, 2nd possessive birmu, 3rd possessive birnya)

بير (Jawi)
birku (first-person informal possessive)
birmu (possessive second-person)
birnya (possessive third-person)


bir

birs (nominative plural)
bir (nominative singular)
birs (nominative plural)
bira (genitive singular)
biras (genitive plural)
bire (dative singular)
bires (dative plural)
biri (accusative singular)
biris (accusative plural)
o bir! (singular vocative)
o birs! (plural vocative)
biru (predicative singular)
birus (plural predicative)

Reformed in the 1920s from bil, to make it more like its etymons.

bil

an older term (now obsolete) for the word bil now means in reformed Volapük


klin

klin (nominative singular)
kliny (nominative plural)
klina (genitive singular)
klinów (genitive plural)
klinowi (dative singular)
klinom (dative plural)
klin (accusative singular)
kliny (accusative plural)
klinem (instrumental singular)
klinami (instrumental plural)
klinie (locative singular)
klinach (locative plural)
klinie (singular vocative)
kliny (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish klin, from Proto-Slavic *klinъ.

(colloquial) a shot of alcohol drunk to overcome a hangover, hair of the dog


body

en-noun

body (countable and uncountable, plural bodies)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *bʰewdʰ-
Proto-West Germanic *bodag
Old English bodiġ
Middle English bodi
English body
From Middle English bodi, bodiȝ, from Old English bodiġ (“body, trunk, chest, torso, height, stature”), from Proto-West Germanic *bodag (“body, trunk”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewdʰ- (“to be awake, observe”). Cognate with Old High German botah (whence Swabian Bottich (“body, torso”)).

der

body-focused repetitive behavior disorder

The voice had an extraordinary sadness. Pure from all body, pure from all passion, going out into the world, solitary, unanswered, breaking against rocks—so it sounded.

1922 October 26, Virginia Woolf, chapter 1, in Jacob’s Room, Richmond, London: […] Leonard & Virginia Woolf at the Hogarth Press, →OCLC; republished London: The Hogarth Press, 1960, →OCLC:

We have given body to what was just a vague idea.

(uncountable) Substance; physical presence.

Material entity.
Substance; physical presence.

The red wine, sadly, lacked body.

"I’d Be Lost Without You" seems somewhat out of place from a vocal viewpoint — Lewis’s slightly reedy middle soprano is very expressive and absolutely true, but doesn’t have enough dark body to fully deal with the torchy melody.

1989 August 12, Caroline Foty, “Hindsights”, in Gay Community News, volume 17, number 5, page 7:

(uncountable) Comparative viscosity, solidity or substance (in wine, colours etc.).

有黏性

comparative viscosity, solidity or substance


bitter

en-adj

bitter (comparative more bitter or bitterer, superlative most bitter or bitterest)

more bitter (comparative)
bitterer (comparative)
most bitter (superlative)
bitterest (superlative)

Sranan Tongo: bita

From Middle English bitter, bittre, from Old English bitter, biter (“bitter”), from Proto-West Germanic *bitr, from Proto-Germanic *bitraz (“bitter”), equivalent to bite + -er (agent noun suffix) used attributively. Cognate with Saterland Frisian bitter, West Frisian bitter, Low German bitter, Dutch bitter, German bitter, Swedish bitter, Icelandic bitur (all meaning “bitter”).

The coffee tasted bitter.

Long after his cigar burnt bitter, he sat with eyes fixed on the blaze. When the flames at last began to flicker and subside, his lids fluttered, then drooped; but he had lost all reckoning of time when he opened them again to find Miss Erroll in furs and ball-gown kneeling on the hearth[…].

1907 August, Robert W[illiam] Chambers, chapter III, in The Younger Set, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC:

A few types of molecules get sensed by receptors on the tongue. Protons coming off of acids ping receptors for "sour." Sugars get received as "sweet." Bitter, salty, and the proteinaceous flavor umami all set off their own neural cascades.

2018 May 16, Adam Rogers, “The Fundamental Nihilism of Yanny vs. Laurel”, in Wired:

Having an acrid taste (usually from a basic substance).

It was at the end of February, […] when the world was cold, and a bitter wind howled down the moors […].

1999, Neil Gaiman, Stardust, p.31 (Perennial paperback edition)


bitter

de-adj

bitter (strong nominative masculine singular bitterer, comparative bitterer, superlative am bittersten)

bitterer (masculine nominative singular strong)
bitterer (comparative)
am bittersten (superlative)
bitter (masculine predicative singular)
bitter (feminine predicative singular)
bitter (neuter predicative singular)
bitter (plural predicative)
bitterer (masculine nominative singular strong without-article)
bittere (feminine nominative singular strong without-article)
bitteres (neuter nominative singular strong without-article)
bittere (nominative plural strong without-article)
bitteren (genitive masculine singular strong without-article)
bitterer (feminine genitive singular strong without-article)
bitteren (genitive neuter singular strong without-article)
bitterer (genitive plural strong without-article)
bitterem (dative masculine singular strong without-article)
bitterer (dative feminine singular strong without-article)
bitterem (dative neuter singular strong without-article)
bitteren (dative plural strong without-article)
bitteren (accusative masculine singular strong without-article)
bittere (accusative feminine singular strong without-article)
bitteres (accusative neuter singular strong without-article)
bittere (accusative plural strong without-article)
der bittere (definite includes-article masculine nominative singular weak)
die bittere (definite feminine includes-article nominative singular weak)
das bittere (definite includes-article neuter nominative singular weak)
die bitteren (definite includes-article nominative plural weak)
des bitteren (definite genitive includes-article masculine singular weak)
der bitteren (definite feminine genitive includes-article singular weak)
des bitteren (definite genitive includes-article neuter singular weak)
der bitteren (definite genitive includes-article plural weak)
dem bitteren (dative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
der bitteren (dative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
dem bitteren (dative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
den bitteren (dative definite includes-article plural weak)
den bitteren (accusative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
die bittere (accusative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
das bittere (accusative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
die bitteren (accusative definite includes-article plural weak)
ein bitterer (includes-article indefinite masculine mixed nominative singular)
eine bittere (feminine includes-article indefinite mixed nominative singular)
ein bitteres (includes-article indefinite mixed neuter nominative singular)
bitteren (indefinite mixed nominative plural)
keine bitteren (includes-article indefinite mixed negative nominative plural)
eines bitteren (genitive includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer bitteren (feminine genitive includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
eines bitteren (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
bitteren (genitive indefinite mixed plural)
keiner bitteren (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einem bitteren (dative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer bitteren (dative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
einem bitteren (dative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
bitteren (dative indefinite mixed plural)
keinen bitteren (dative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einen bitteren (accusative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
eine bittere (accusative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
ein bitteres (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
bitteren (accusative indefinite mixed plural)
keine bitteren (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
bitterer (comparative masculine predicative singular)
bitterer (comparative feminine predicative singular)
bitterer (comparative neuter predicative singular)
bitterer (comparative plural predicative)
bittererer (comparative masculine nominative singular strong without-article)
bitterere (comparative feminine nominative singular strong without-article)
bittereres (comparative neuter nominative singular strong without-article)
bitterere (comparative nominative plural strong without-article)
bittereren (comparative genitive masculine singular strong without-article)
bittererer (comparative feminine genitive singular strong without-article)
bittereren (comparative genitive neuter singular strong without-article)
bittererer (comparative genitive plural strong without-article)
bittererem (comparative dative masculine singular strong without-article)
bittererer (comparative dative feminine singular strong without-article)
bittererem (comparative dative neuter singular strong without-article)
bittereren (comparative dative plural strong without-article)
bittereren (accusative comparative masculine singular strong without-article)
bitterere (accusative comparative feminine singular strong without-article)
bittereres (accusative comparative neuter singular strong without-article)
bitterere (accusative comparative plural strong without-article)
der bitterere (comparative definite includes-article masculine nominative singular weak)
die bitterere (comparative definite feminine includes-article nominative singular weak)
das bitterere (comparative definite includes-article neuter nominative singular weak)
die bittereren (comparative definite includes-article nominative plural weak)
des bittereren (comparative definite genitive includes-article masculine singular weak)
der bittereren (comparative definite feminine genitive includes-article singular weak)
des bittereren (comparative definite genitive includes-article neuter singular weak)
der bittereren (comparative definite genitive includes-article plural weak)
dem bittereren (comparative dative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
der bittereren (comparative dative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
dem bittereren (comparative dative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
den bittereren (comparative dative definite includes-article plural weak)
den bittereren (accusative comparative definite includes-article masculine singular weak)
die bitterere (accusative comparative definite feminine includes-article singular weak)
das bitterere (accusative comparative definite includes-article neuter singular weak)
die bittereren (accusative comparative definite includes-article plural weak)
ein bittererer (comparative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed nominative singular)
eine bitterere (comparative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed nominative singular)
ein bittereres (comparative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter nominative singular)
bittereren (comparative indefinite mixed nominative plural)
keine bittereren (comparative includes-article indefinite mixed negative nominative plural)
eines bittereren (comparative genitive includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer bittereren (comparative feminine genitive includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
eines bittereren (comparative genitive includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
bittereren (comparative genitive indefinite mixed plural)
keiner bittereren (comparative genitive includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einem bittereren (comparative dative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
einer bittereren (comparative dative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
einem bittereren (comparative dative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
bittereren (comparative dative indefinite mixed plural)
keinen bittereren (comparative dative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
einen bittereren (accusative comparative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular)
eine bitterere (accusative comparative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular)
ein bittereres (accusative comparative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular)
bittereren (accusative comparative indefinite mixed plural)
keine bittereren (accusative comparative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural)
am bittersten (masculine predicative singular superlative)
am bittersten (feminine predicative singular superlative)
am bittersten (neuter predicative singular superlative)
am bittersten (plural predicative superlative)
bitterster (masculine nominative singular strong superlative without-article)
bitterste (feminine nominative singular strong superlative without-article)
bitterstes (neuter nominative singular strong superlative without-article)
bitterste (nominative plural strong superlative without-article)
bittersten (genitive masculine singular strong superlative without-article)
bitterster (feminine genitive singular strong superlative without-article)
bittersten (genitive neuter singular strong superlative without-article)
bitterster (genitive plural strong superlative without-article)
bitterstem (dative masculine singular strong superlative without-article)
bitterster (dative feminine singular strong superlative without-article)
bitterstem (dative neuter singular strong superlative without-article)
bittersten (dative plural strong superlative without-article)
bittersten (accusative masculine singular strong superlative without-article)
bitterste (accusative feminine singular strong superlative without-article)
bitterstes (accusative neuter singular strong superlative without-article)
bitterste (accusative plural strong superlative without-article)
der bitterste (definite includes-article masculine nominative singular superlative weak)
die bitterste (definite feminine includes-article nominative singular superlative weak)
das bitterste (definite includes-article neuter nominative singular superlative weak)
die bittersten (definite includes-article nominative plural superlative weak)
des bittersten (definite genitive includes-article masculine singular superlative weak)
der bittersten (definite feminine genitive includes-article singular superlative weak)
des bittersten (definite genitive includes-article neuter singular superlative weak)
der bittersten (definite genitive includes-article plural superlative weak)
dem bittersten (dative definite includes-article masculine singular superlative weak)
der bittersten (dative definite feminine includes-article singular superlative weak)
dem bittersten (dative definite includes-article neuter singular superlative weak)
den bittersten (dative definite includes-article plural superlative weak)
den bittersten (accusative definite includes-article masculine singular superlative weak)
die bitterste (accusative definite feminine includes-article singular superlative weak)
das bitterste (accusative definite includes-article neuter singular superlative weak)
die bittersten (accusative definite includes-article plural superlative weak)
ein bitterster (includes-article indefinite masculine mixed nominative singular superlative)
eine bitterste (feminine includes-article indefinite mixed nominative singular superlative)
ein bitterstes (includes-article indefinite mixed neuter nominative singular superlative)
bittersten (indefinite mixed nominative plural superlative)
keine bittersten (includes-article indefinite mixed negative nominative plural superlative)
eines bittersten (genitive includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular superlative)
einer bittersten (feminine genitive includes-article indefinite mixed singular superlative)
eines bittersten (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular superlative)
bittersten (genitive indefinite mixed plural superlative)
keiner bittersten (genitive includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural superlative)
einem bittersten (dative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular superlative)
einer bittersten (dative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular superlative)
einem bittersten (dative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular superlative)
bittersten (dative indefinite mixed plural superlative)
keinen bittersten (dative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural superlative)
einen bittersten (accusative includes-article indefinite masculine mixed singular superlative)
eine bitterste (accusative feminine includes-article indefinite mixed singular superlative)
ein bitterstes (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed neuter singular superlative)
bittersten (accusative indefinite mixed plural superlative)
keine bittersten (accusative includes-article indefinite mixed negative plural superlative)

From Middle High German bitter, pitter, from Old High German bittar, from Proto-West Germanic *bitr.


bitter

Dutch: bitter

Limburgish: bitter

From Old Dutch bitter, from Proto-West Germanic *bitr.


bitter

head

bitter (comparative bittrare, superlative bittrast)

bittrare (comparative)
bittrast (superlative)
bitter (indefinite positive)
bittrare (comparative indefinite)
bittrast (indefinite superlative)
bittert (indefinite neuter positive singular)
bittrare (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
bittrast (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
bittra (indefinite plural positive)
bittrare (comparative indefinite plural)
bittrast (indefinite plural superlative)
bittre (archaic indefinite masculine plural positive)
bittrare (archaic comparative indefinite masculine plural)
bittrast (archaic indefinite masculine plural superlative)
bittre (definite masculine positive singular)
bittrare (comparative definite masculine singular)
bittraste (definite masculine singular superlative)
bittra (definite positive)
bittrare (comparative definite)
bittraste (definite superlative)

From Old Norse bitr (partly through the influence of Middle Low German bitter), from Proto-Germanic *bitraz.


back

front

antonym(s) of “side opposite the front or useful side”

front

antonym(s) of “that which is farthest away from the front”

From Middle English bak, from Old English bæc, from Proto-West Germanic *bak, from Proto-Germanic *baką, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeg- (“to bend”). The adverb represents an aphetic form of aback.
Compare Middle Low German bak (“back”), from Old Saxon bak, and West Frisian bekling (“chair back”), Old High German bah, Swedish and Norwegian bak. Cognate with German Bache (“sow [adult female hog]”).

agter

break one's arm patting oneself on the back

could be written on the back of a postage stamp

could fit on the back of a postage stamp

you scratch my back and I'll scratch yours

Could I get a martini with a water back?

A non-alcoholic drink (often water or a soft drink), to go with hard liquor or a cocktail.


horizontal

en-adj

horizontal (comparative more horizontal, superlative most horizontal)

more horizontal (comparative)
most horizontal (superlative)

/ˌhɒɹɪˈzɒntəl/

(wine) Involving wines of the same vintages but from different wineries.


sap

nl-noun

sap n (plural sappen, diminutive sapje n)

sappen (plural)
sapje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: sap

Negerhollands: sap

→ Indonesian: getah (semantic loan)

From Middle Dutch sap, from Old Dutch *sap, from Proto-West Germanic *sap.


homebrewer

One who brews his or her own beer or other alcoholic beverage; one who homebrews.

Homebrewer Martin Malý illustrates the slowness of BASIC with the following story: […]

2018, Jaroslav Svelch, Raiford Guins, Henry Lowood, Gaming the Iron Curtain:

An amateur who builds radio equipment or develops video games, etc.


round

en-verb

round (third-person singular simple present rounds, present participle rounding, simple past and past participle rounded)

rounds (present singular third-person)
rounding (participle present)
rounded (participle past)
rounded (past)

From Middle English round, rounde, from Old Northern French roünt, rund, Old French ront, runt, reont ( > French rond), from both Late Latin retundus and the original Latin rotundus. The noun developed partly from the adjective and partly from the corresponding French noun rond. Doublet of rotund.

She rounded out her education with only a single mathematics class.

We are such stuff
 As dreams are made on, and our little life
 Is rounded with a sleep.

1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]:

(with "out") To finish; to complete; to fill out; see also round out.


round

From Middle English roun, from Old English rūn (“whisper, secret, mystery”), from Proto-Germanic *rūnō, *raunō (“a whisper, secret, secret sign”), from Proto-Indo-European *(e)rewə-, *(e)rwō- (“to trace, find out, look out”). Cognate with Scots roun, round (“a whisper, secret story”), German raunen (“to whisper, say secretly”), Swedish rön (“findings, observations, experience”).

cog

(archaic or dialectal, Northern England, Scotland) Discourse; song.


brewer

From Middle English brewere; cognate with Dutch brouwer, Swedish bryggare.

But through the oligopoly, charcoal fuel proliferated throughout London's trades and industries. By the 1200s, brewers and bakers, tilemakers, glassblowers, pottery producers, and a range of other craftsmen all became hour-to-hour consumers of charcoal.

2006, Edwin Black, chapter 2, in Internal Combustion:

Someone who brews, or whose occupation is to prepare malt liquors.


screwdriver

Celestial asked for a screwdriver and the bartender poured a good four fingers of Smirnoff into a flimsy cup before opening a can of juice.

2018, Tayari Jones, An American Marriage, Oneworld Publications, page 154:

A cocktail made of vodka and orange juice.


flat

en-adj

flat (comparative flatter, superlative flattest)

flatter (comparative)
flattest (superlative)

bumpy

antonym(s) of “having no variations in altitude”

→ Portuguese: flat

From Middle English flat, a borrowing from Old Norse flatr (compare Norwegian and Swedish flat, Danish flad), from Proto-Germanic *flataz, from Proto-Indo-European *pleth₂- (“flat”); akin to Saterland Frisian flot (“smooth”), German Flöz (“a geological layer”), Ancient Greek πλατύς (platús), Latvian plats, Sanskrit प्रथस् (prathas, “extension”). Doublet of plat and pleyt.
The noun is from Middle English flat (“level piece of ground, flat edge of a weapon”), from the adjective.
The algebraic sense was coined by Serre in a 1956 paper, originally as French plat.

inh

(wine) Lacking acidity without being sweet.


handle

(Uri) to stroke the teats of a dairy cow until they fill with milk


potable

en-adj

potable (comparative more potable, superlative most potable)

more potable (comparative)
most potable (superlative)

The adjective is derived from Late Middle English potable (“drinkable, potable”), from Middle French, Old French potable (modern French potable (“drinkable, potable”)), and from its etymon Late Latin pōtābilis (“drinkable, potable”), from Latin pōtāre (“to drink”) + -bilis (suffix forming adjectives indicating a capacity or worth of being acted upon). Pōtāre is the present active infinitive of pōtō (“to drink”), from Proto-Italic *pōtos, from Proto-Indo-European *peh₃- (“to drink”).
The English word is cognate with Catalan potable, Italian potabile, Spanish potable.
The noun is derived from the adjective.

der

(formal) Good for drinking without fear of disease or poisoning.


potable

When solar beams / Parch thirsty human veins, the damask'd meads, / Unforc'd display ten thousand painted flow'rs / Useful in potables.

1708, [John Philips], “(please specify the page)”, in Cyder. […], London: […] J[acob] Tonson, […], →OCLC:


heet

nl-adj

heet (comparative heter, superlative heetst)

heter (comparative)
heetst (superlative)
heet (adverbial positive predicative)
heter (adverbial comparative predicative)
het heetst (adverbial predicative superlative)
het heetste (adverbial predicative superlative)
hete (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
hetere (comparative feminine indefinite masculine singular)
heetste (feminine indefinite masculine singular superlative)
heet (indefinite neuter positive singular)
heter (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
heetste (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
hete (indefinite plural positive)
hetere (comparative indefinite plural)
heetste (indefinite plural superlative)
hete (definite positive)
hetere (comparative definite)
heetste (definite superlative)
heets (partitive positive)
heters (comparative partitive)

Berbice Creole Dutch: hete

Jersey Dutch: heît

Negerhollands: heet

From Middle Dutch hêet, from Old Dutch *hēt, from Proto-West Germanic *hait, from Proto-Germanic *haitaz.

de soep wordt nooit zo heet gegeten als ze wordt opgediend

De curry was erg heet vanwege de toegevoegde pepers.

The curry was very spicy due to the added peppers.


zymurgy

This refinement led to [Eduard] Buchner's receipt of the 1907 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for advancements in zymurgy.

2010, “Fermentation”, in Rachel Black, editor, Alcohol in Popular Culture: An Encyclopedia, Bloomsbury, →ISBN:

The chemistry of fermentation with yeasts, especially the science involved in beer and winemaking.


vein

veini (genitive)
veini (partitive)
vein (nominative singular)
veinid (nominative plural)
vein (accusative nominative singular)
veinid (accusative nominative plural)
veini (accusative genitive singular)
veinid (accusative genitive plural)
veini (genitive singular)
veinide (genitive plural)
veini (partitive singular)
veine (partitive plural)
veinisid (partitive plural)
veini (illative singular)
veinisse (illative singular)
veinidesse (illative plural)
veinesse (illative plural)
veinis (inessive singular)
veinides (inessive plural)
veines (inessive plural)
veinist (elative singular)
veinidest (elative plural)
veinest (elative plural)
veinile (allative singular)
veinidele (allative plural)
veinele (allative plural)
veinil (adessive singular)
veinidel (adessive plural)
veinel (adessive plural)
veinilt (ablative singular)
veinidelt (ablative plural)
veinelt (ablative plural)
veiniks (singular translative)
veinideks (plural translative)
veineks (plural translative)
veinini (singular terminative)
veinideni (plural terminative)
veinina (essive singular)
veinidena (essive plural)
veinita (abessive singular)
veinideta (abessive plural)
veiniga (comitative singular)
veinidega (comitative plural)

From German Wein during the 19th century, ultimately from Latin vīnum. Doublet of viin (“vodka”). First attested in 1869.

kuiv vein

magus vein

punane vein

valge vein

roosa vein

wine (alcoholic beverage obtained by fermentation of berry or fruit juice)


brew

From Middle English brewen, from Old English brēowan, from Proto-West Germanic *breuwan, from Proto-Germanic *brewwaną, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰrewh₁-. Doublet of burn.
Cognate with
Dutch brouwen, German brauen, Swedish brygga, Norwegian Bokmål brygge; also Ancient Greek φρέαρ (phréar, “well”), Latin fervēre (“to be hot; to burn; to boil”), Old Irish bruth (“violent, boiling heat”), Sanskrit भुर्वन् (bhurván, “motion of water”). It may be related to English barley

cog

Landlady: You're not stoppin' for a brew?
Gene Hunt: No thanks, love. Better crack on.

2007 March 6, Julie Rutterford, Life on Mars, Season 2, Episode 3:

The mixture formed by brewing; that which is brewed; a brewage, such as tea or beer.


lekker

nl-adj

lekker (comparative lekkerder, superlative lekkerst)

lekkerder (comparative)
lekkerst (superlative)
lekker (adverbial positive predicative)
lekkerder (adverbial comparative predicative)
het lekkerst (adverbial predicative superlative)
het lekkerste (adverbial predicative superlative)
lekkere (feminine indefinite masculine positive singular)
lekkerdere (comparative feminine indefinite masculine singular)
lekkerste (feminine indefinite masculine singular superlative)
lekker (indefinite neuter positive singular)
lekkerder (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
lekkerste (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
lekkere (indefinite plural positive)
lekkerdere (comparative indefinite plural)
lekkerste (indefinite plural superlative)
lekkere (definite positive)
lekkerdere (comparative definite)
lekkerste (definite superlative)
lekkers (partitive positive)
lekkerders (comparative partitive)

Afrikaans: lekker
→ English: lekker

Negerhollands: lekker

From Middle Dutch lecker, derived from the verb lekken (“lick”) (Dutch likken). Cognate to German lecker, Afrikaans lekker, Middle Low German lecker, Norwegian lekker, Swedish läcker and Danish lækker. More at lick.

Het eten is weer lekker vandaag, mam!


dry

en-adj

dry (comparative drier or dryer, superlative driest or dryest)

drier (comparative)
dryer (comparative)
driest (superlative)
dryest (superlative)

wet

antonym(s) of “abstinent from or banning alcohol”

wet

antonym(s) of “not using afterburners or water injection”

wet

of a scientist or lab: doing computation

Sranan Tongo: drei

[d̠͡ɹ̠˔ʷaɪ̯]

Adjective and noun from Middle English drye, dryge, drüȝe, from Old English drȳġe (“dry; parched, withered”), from Proto-West Germanic *drūgī, *draugī, from Proto-Germanic *drūgiz, *draugiz (“dry, hard”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰerǵʰ- (“to strengthen; become hard”), from *dʰer- (“to hold, support”). The verb derives from Middle English drien, from Old English drȳġan (“to dry”), from Proto-West Germanic *drūgijan, from Proto-Germanic *drūgiz (“hard, desiccated, dry”), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰerǵʰ- (“strong, hard, solid”).
cognates and related terms
 Cognate with Scots dry, drey (“dry”), North Frisian drüg, driig, Saterland Frisian druuch (“dry”), West Frisian droech (“dry”), Dutch droog (“dry”), Low German dröög (“dry”), German dröge (“dull”), Icelandic draugur (“a dry log”). Related also to German trocken (“dry”), West Frisian drege (“long-lasting”), Danish drøj (“tough”), Swedish dryg (“lasting, hard”), Icelandic drjúgur (“ample, long”), Latin firmus (“strong, firm, stable, durable”). See also drought, drain, dree.

cog

you don't miss the water till the well runs dry

you never miss the water till the well runs dry

you never miss the water until the well runs dry

Proper martinis are made with London dry gin and dry vermouth.

Fatima Blush: Oh, how reckless of me. I made you all wet.
James Bond: Yes, but my martini is still dry. My name is James.

1983, Lorenzo Semple Jr., Never Say Never Again:

Free from or lacking embellishment or sweetness, particularly:

(wine and other alcoholic beverages, ginger ale) Low in sugar; lacking sugar; unsweetened.

wine and other alcoholic beverages; ginger ale; wine and other alcoholic beverages; ginger ale


sake

From Middle English sake (“sake, cause”), from Old English sacu (“cause, lawsuit, legal action, complaint, issue, dispute”), from Proto-West Germanic *saku, from Proto-Germanic *sakō (“affair, thing, charge, accusation, matter”), from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂g- (“to investigate”).
Akin to West Frisian saak (“cause; business”), Low German Saak, Dutch zaak (“matter; cause; business”), German Sache (“thing; matter; cause; legal cause”), Danish sag, Swedish and Norwegian sak, Gothic 𐍃𐌰𐌺𐌾𐍉 (sakjō, “dispute, argument”), Old English sōcn (“inquiry, prosecution”), Old English sēcan (“to seek”). More at soke, soken, seek.

cog

For the sake of argument


sake

saken (definite singular)
sakar (indefinite plural)
sakane (definite plural)

From Japanese 酒 (sake, “alcoholic drink”).


sake

Unadapted borrowing from Japanese 酒 (sake, “alcoholic drink”).


sake

Borrowed from Japanese 酒 (sake, “alcoholic drink”).