šachovnica

šachovnica f (genitive singular šachovnice, nominative plural šachovnice, genitive plural šachovníc, declension pattern of ulica)

šachovnice (genitive singular)
šachovnice (nominative plural)
šachovníc (genitive plural)
ulica (declension-pattern-of)
šachovnica (nominative singular)
šachovnice (nominative plural)
šachovnice (genitive singular)
šachovníc (genitive plural)
šachovnici (dative singular)
šachovniciam (dative plural)
šachovnicu (accusative singular)
šachovnice (accusative plural)
šachovnici (locative singular)
šachovniciach (locative plural)
šachovnicou (instrumental singular)
šachovnicami (instrumental plural)


pork

non-rhotic, without the horse–hoarse merger

(chess) A position in which a player's pieces are both pinned and forked at the same time.


blockade

From block + -ade, probably after Dutch blocquade (now blokkade) or German Blockade.

blockage

nearly synonymous, but not interchangeably; blockade usually denotes human agency

(chess) The act of preventing an opponent's pawn moving by placing a piece in front of it.


IM

en-noun

IM (countable and uncountable, plural IMs)

International Master
International Master#English

(countable, chess) Initialism of International Master.


(chess notation) Indicator of an interesting move, but one that may not be optimal.


צריח

צְרִיחַ (canonical)
ts'ríakh (romanization)


Turm

de-noun

Turm m (strong, genitive Turmes or Turms, plural Türme, diminutive Türmchen n or Türmlein n)

Turmes (genitive)
Turms (genitive)
Türme (plural)
Türmchen (diminutive neuter)
Türmlein (diminutive neuter)
Turm (nominative singular)
Türme (definite nominative plural)
Turmes (genitive singular)
Turms (genitive singular)
Türme (definite genitive plural)
Turm (dative singular)
Turme (dative singular)
Türmen (dative definite plural)
Turm (accusative singular)
Türme (accusative definite plural)

→ Hungarian: torony

→ Lower Sorbian: torm

→ Luxembourgish: Tuerm

→ Romanian: turn

From Middle High German turm, an East Central German variant of turn, from Old High German turn, from Old French *torn (cf. the diminutive tornele), variant of tor, from Latin turris. From the same Old French source are Dutch toren, Low German Toorn. The final -m is probably due to sporadic dissimilation; a connection with the Latin accusative turrim (as sometimes conjectured) is unlikely.

Die Türme sollen immer möglichst rasch miteinander in Verbindung, „verdoppelt” sein. Ein wesentlicher Nachteil des Verlustes der Rochade ist es, daß die Verbindung der Türme gestört ist.

2009, Siegbert Tarrasch, Das Schachspiel. Systematisches Lehrbuch für Anfänger und Geübte, Jens-Erik Rudolph Verlag, page 137:

(chess) rook (piece shaped like a castle tower)


hanging

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

nonlemma

(chess, of a piece) Unprotected and exposed to capture.


rank

en-noun

rank (countable and uncountable, plural ranks)

From Middle English rank (“line, row”), from Old French ranc, rang, reng (“line, row, rank”) (Modern French rang), from Frankish *hring (“ring”), from Proto-Germanic *hringaz (“something bent or curved”).
Akin to Old High German (h)ring, Old Frisian hring, Old English hring, hrincg (“ring”), Old Norse hringr (“ring, circle, queue, sword; ship”). Doublet of ring and rink.

cog

(chess) One of the eight horizontal lines of squares on a chessboard (i.e., those identified by a number).

хоризонта́ла

chess: one of the horizontal lines of squares


seal

en-verb

seal (third-person singular simple present seals, present participle sealing, simple past and past participle sealed)

seals (present singular third-person)
sealing (participle present)
sealed (participle past)
sealed (past)

From Middle English sele, from Anglo-Norman sëel, from Latin sigillum, a diminutive of signum (“sign”).
Doublet of sigil and sigillum.

After thinking for half an hour, the champion sealed his move.

(transitive, chess) To place a notation of one's next move in a sealed envelope to be opened after an adjournment.

sinetöidä

chess: to place a notation of one's next move in a sealed envelope


말

First attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 말〯 (Yale: mǎl). The rising pitch implies an earlier bisyllabic origin.

ko-etym-native

일본 말을 어디서 배웠어?


말

First attested in the Hunmong jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527, as Middle Korean ᄆᆞᆯ〮 (Yale: mól).

seaweed, specifically Potamogeton oxyphyllus.


delay

en-noun

delay (countable and uncountable, plural delays)

→ Portuguese: delay

From Middle English delaien, borrowed from Anglo-Norman delaier, Old French deslaier, from des- + Old French laier (“to leave”), a conflation of Old Frankish *lattjan ("to delay, hinder"; from Proto-Germanic *latjaną (“to delay, hinder, stall”), from Proto-Indo-European *leh₁d- (“to leave, leave behind”)), and Old Frankish *laibijan ("to leave"; from Proto-Germanic *laibijaną (“to leave, cause to stay”), from Proto-Indo-European *leyp- (“to remain, continue”)). Doublet of dally.
Akin to Old English latian (“to delay, hesitate”), Old English latu (“a delay, a hindrance”), Old English lǣfan (“to leave”). More at let (to hinder), late, leave.

cog

(chess) An amount of time provided on each move before one's clock starts to tick; a less common time control than increment.


dubious

en-adj

dubious (comparative more dubious, superlative most dubious)

more dubious (comparative)
most dubious (superlative)

Etymology tree
Latin dubiusbor.
English dubious
From Latin dubius; like doubt, from Latin duo (cognate to English two), implying “two alternatives” (yes or no, true or false, etc.).

etymon

(chess, chiefly of an opening move) Generally considered imprecise or wrong, but not totally unplayable.


realm

From Middle English rewme, realme, reaume, from Old French reaume, realme (“kingdom”), of unclear origins. A postulated *rēgālimen (“domain, kingdom”), Late Latin or Vulgar Latin cross of regimen with rēgālis is usually cited.
The modern pronunciation with /l/ is either a spelling pronunciation or influenced by the etymology.

And, of this island realm, he and his companion were the undisputed sovereigns.

1874, Horatio Alger, “Chapter XXXI”, in Brave and Bold:

1913, Leslie Alexander Toke, Catholic Encyclopedia, "St. Dunstan",
Then seeing his life was threatened he fled the realm and crossed over to Flanders, […]

(formal or law) A territory or state, as ruled by a specific power, especially by a king.


眼睛

/jɛn²¹⁴ d͡ʑ̥iŋ⁴/

/jɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/iɛn⁵³ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/niæ̃⁵¹ t͡ɕiŋ²⁴/

/ŋaːn¹³ t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵/

/ŋan²¹³⁻²¹ t͡ɕiaŋ¹/

/nie⁵³ t͡ɕiŋ¹¹/

/ɡan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/ɡan⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡siɪŋ³³/

/ŋaŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡seŋ³³/

/ŋe²² t͡ɕin⁴⁴/

/jɛn²¹⁴ d͡ʑ̥iŋ⁴/

/jɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/

/iɛn⁵³ t͡ɕin⁵⁵/

/niæ̃⁵¹ t͡ɕiŋ²⁴/

/ŋaːn¹³ t͡sɪŋ⁵⁵/

/ŋan²¹³⁻²¹ t͡ɕiaŋ¹/

/nie⁵³ t͡ɕiŋ¹¹/

/ɡan⁵³⁻⁴⁴ t͡siɪŋ⁴⁴/

/ɡan⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ t͡siɪŋ³³/

/ŋaŋ⁵²⁻³⁵ t͡seŋ³³/

/ŋe²² t͡ɕin⁴⁴/

(mahjong) two identical tiles which are an essential part of a legal winning hand


麒麟

麒麟 (canonical)
麒麟 (canonical)
kirin (romanization)

From Old Japanese, in turn from Middle Chinese 麒麟 (MC gi lin). First cited in Japanese to the Nihon Shoki of 720.
The giraffe sense was probably based on a superficial resemblance between certain depictions of the mythical beast and the patterning and body shape of the real animal: a tailed, hoofed, and horned quadruped with a vaguely leopard-like spot pattern. First cited in Japanese to a text from 1798.

麒麟, 騏驎: (shogi) the kirin, a piece in chūshōgi and larger shogi variants


tabuleiro de xadrez

pt-noun

tabuleiro de xadrez m (plural tabuleiros de xadrez)

[tɐ.βuˈlɐj.ɾu ðɨ ʃɐˈðɾeʃ]

[tɐ.βuˈlɐj.ɾu ðɨ ʃɐˈðɾeʃ]

[tɐ.βuˈlej.ɾu ðɨ ʃɐˈðɾeʃ]

[tɐ.βuˈlej.ɾu ðɨ ʃɐˈðɾeʃ]

[tɐ.βuˈle.ɾu ðɨ ʃɐˈðɾeʃ]


roll

en-verb

roll (third-person singular simple present rolls, present participle rolling, simple past and past participle rolled)

rolls (present singular third-person)
rolling (participle present)
rolled (participle past)
rolled (past)

From Middle English rollen, partly from Old French roller, roler, röeler, röoler, from Medieval Latin rotulāre (“to roll; to revolve”), from Latin rotula (“a little wheel”), diminutive of rota (“a wheel”); partly from Anglo-Latin rollāre, from the same ultimate source.

rol

to cause something to revolve by turning over and over

rol

to move, or cause to be moved, upon rollers or small wheels

If you roll doubles, you get an extra turn.

With two dice, you're more likely to roll seven than ten.

(dice games, intransitive) To throw dice.

(dice games, transitive) To roll dice such that they form a given pattern or total.

I'm gonna go and roll a new shaman tonight.

(roleplaying games) To create a new character in a role-playing game, especially by using dice to determine properties.

(computing) To generate a random number.

To throw dice.
To generate a random number.


material

en-noun

material (countable and uncountable, plural materials)

From Middle English material, from Late Latin māteriālis, from Latin māteria (“wood, material, substance”), from māter (“mother”). Displaced native Middle English andweorc, andwork (“material, matter”) (from Old English andweorc (“matter, substance, material”)). Doublet of materiel.

ncog

(chess) All of a player's pieces and pawns on the chessboard.


geta

(go) A technique for capturing stones by enclosing them in a “net” preventing them from escaping in any direction.


下駄

English: geta

Korean: 게다 (geda)

Korean: 겨다 (gyeoda)

A surface analysis suggests a Japanese coinage of Middle Chinese-derived components, as a compound of 下 (ge, “lower; under”) + 駄 (ta, “loading; carrying; footwear”).
Historical usage suggests a shift from older term 足駄 (ashida, “clogs”, later, referring more specifically to “tall clogs” in contrast to the “short clogs” referenced by the term geta), itself deriving from 足 (ashi, “foot”) + 板 (ita, “board”) from the even older practice of wearing flat pieces of wood on one's feet when working in the paddies to keep from sinking into the mud, similar in principle to snowshoes. This latter footwear persisted in use into the 20th century as 田下駄 (ta-geta, literally “paddy geta”).
The historical derivation indicates that the 駄 character's “footwear” sense, which is specific to Japanese and is not found in Chinese sources, could have arisen from phonetic ateji (当て字) usage in the terms ashida and geta.

鼻緒

the thong that passes between the first and second toe of the wearer

足袋: traditional sock with a split between the first and second toe to allow for the 鼻緒

草履

traditional straw sandal without a heel strap, similar to flip-flops

草鞋

traditional straw sandal with a heel strap

(go) a stone placed not adjacent to the opponent's stone, but in such a way as to block the opponent's formation from escaping


mancala

en-noun

mancala (countable and uncountable, plural mancalas)

Borrowed from Arabic مَنْقَلَة (manqala).

Mameh could sit on the floor to play board games like mancala with her friends, or roll out a mat and lounge about.

2015, Eka Kurniawan, translated by Labodalih Sembiring, Man Tiger, Verso, page 109:

(board games) Any of various board games, common throughout Africa and Asia, in which a move consists of emptying a pit and then its contents are sown one by one into ensuing pits.


mancala

bor+

Borrowed from Arabic مَنْقَلَة (manqala)

mancala (family of two-person board games)


מלך

he-noun

מֶלֶךְ • (mélekh) m (plural indefinite מְלָכִים, singular construct מֶלֶךְ־, plural construct מַלְכֵי־, feminine counterpart מַלְכָּה, Biblical Hebrew pausal form מָלֶךְ) [pattern: קֶטֶל]

מֶלֶךְ (canonical)
mélekh (romanization)
מְלָכִים (indefinite plural)
מֶלֶךְ־ (construct singular)
מַלְכֵי־ (construct plural)
מַלְכָּה (feminine)
form מָלֶךְ (Biblical-Hebrew pausal)
מֶלֶךְ (indefinite singular)
מַלְכִּי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
מַלְכֵּנוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הַמֶּלֶךְ (definite singular)
מַלְכְּךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
מַלְכֵּךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
מַלְכְּכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
מַלְכְּכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
מֶלֶךְ־ (construct singular)
מַלְכּוֹ (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
מַלְכָּהּ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
מַלְכָּם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
מַלְכָּן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)
מְלָכִים (indefinite plural)
מלכיי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
מְלָכַי (feminine first-person masculine possessed-form singular)
מְלָכֵינוּ (feminine first-person masculine plural possessed-form)
הַמְּלָכִים (definite plural)
מְלָכֶיךָ (masculine possessed-form second-person singular)
מלכייך (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
מְלָכַיִךְ (feminine possessed-form second-person singular)
מַלְכֵיכֶם (masculine plural possessed-form second-person)
מַלְכֵיכֶן (feminine plural possessed-form second-person)
מַלְכֵי־ (construct plural)
מְלָכָיו (masculine possessed-form singular third-person)
מְלָכֶיהָ (feminine possessed-form singular third-person)
מַלְכֵיהֶם (masculine plural possessed-form third-person)
מַלְכֵיהֶן (feminine plural possessed-form third-person)

Inherited from Proto-Semitic *malk-. Cognate to Aramaic מַלְכָּא (malkā, “king”), Arabic مَلِك (malik, “king”) and Akkadian 𒂷𒆪 (malku, “prince”).


מלך

yi-noun

מלך • (meylekh) m, plural מלכים (melokhem)

meylekh (romanization)
melokhem (romanization)


מלכה

he-noun

מַלְכָּה • (malká) f (plural indefinite מְלָכוֹת, singular construct מַלְכַּת־, masculine counterpart מֶלֶךְ) [pattern: קַטְלָה]

מַלְכָּה (canonical)
malká (romanization)
מְלָכוֹת (indefinite plural)
מַלְכַּת־ (construct singular)
מֶלֶךְ (masculine)


mangiare

it-verb

mangiàre (first-person singular present màngio, first-person singular past historic mangiài, past participle mangiàto, auxiliary avére)

mangiàre (canonical)
màngio (first-person present singular)
mangiài (first-person historic past singular)
mangiàto (participle past)
avére (auxiliary)
mangiàre (infinitive)
avére (auxiliary)
mangiàndo (gerund)
mangiànte (participle present)
mangiàto (participle past)
màngio (first-person indicative present singular)
màngi (indicative present second-person singular)
màngia (indicative present singular third-person)
mangiàmo (first-person indicative plural present)
mangiàte (indicative plural present second-person)
màngiano (indicative plural present third-person)
mangiàvo (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
mangiàvi (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
mangiàva (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
mangiavàmo (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
mangiavàte (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
mangiàvano (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
mangiài (first-person historic indicative past singular)
mangiàsti (historic indicative past second-person singular)
mangiò (historic indicative past singular third-person)
mangiàmmo (first-person historic indicative past plural)
mangiàste (historic indicative past plural second-person)
mangiàrono (historic indicative past plural third-person)
mangerò (first-person future indicative singular)
mangerài (future indicative second-person singular)
mangerà (future indicative singular third-person)
mangerémo (first-person future indicative plural)
mangeréte (future indicative plural second-person)
mangerànno (future indicative plural third-person)
mangerèi (conditional first-person singular)
mangerésti (conditional second-person singular)
mangerèbbe (conditional singular third-person)
mangerébbe (conditional singular third-person)
mangerémmo (conditional first-person plural)
mangeréste (conditional plural second-person)
mangerèbbero (conditional plural third-person)
mangerébbero (conditional plural third-person)
màngi (first-person present singular subjunctive)
màngi (present second-person singular subjunctive)
màngi (present singular subjunctive third-person)
mangiàmo (first-person plural present subjunctive)
mangiàte (plural present second-person subjunctive)
màngino (plural present subjunctive third-person)
mangiàssi (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
mangiàssi (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
mangiàsse (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
mangiàssimo (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
mangiàste (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
mangiàssero (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
màngia (imperative second-person singular)
màngi (formal imperative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
mangiàmo (first-person imperative plural)
mangiàte (imperative plural second-person)
màngino (formal imperative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
mangiàre (imperative negative second-person singular)
màngi (formal imperative negative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
mangiàmo (first-person imperative negative plural)
mangiàte (imperative negative plural second-person)
màngino (formal imperative negative plural second-person-semantically third-person)

→ Dalmatian: mančur, manciuor, manciur

→ Esperanto: manĝi
Ido: manjar

→ Macedonian: манџа (mandža)

→ Neapolitan: mangiare, magnare

Borrowed from Old French mangier, from Latin mandūcāre (“to chew, (coll.) eat”). Doublet of manducare, manicare, and manucare.

doublet

(transitive, figurative, card games, checkers, chess) to capture


tavla

en-noun

tavla (usually uncountable, plural tavlas)

From Turkish tavla, from Italian tavola, from Latin tabula. Doublet of table and tabula.

1978, Past the tavern and hear the joggle of tavlas — Lawrence Durrell, in a 1977 interview published in Listener, 1978, and reprinted in Lawrence Durrell: Conversations, 1998 (see p.174)

(backgammon) A version of the board game backgammon played widely in Turkey and other countries of the region.


tavla

tàvla (canonical feminine)
та̀вла (Cyrillic)
tavla (nominative singular)
tavle (nominative plural)
tavle (genitive singular)
tavla (genitive plural)
tavli (dative singular)
tavlama (dative plural)
tavlu (accusative singular)
tavle (accusative plural)
tavlo (singular vocative)
tavle (plural vocative)
tavli (locative singular)
tavlama (locative plural)
tavlom (instrumental singular)
tavlama (instrumental plural)

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish طاوله (tavla), تاوله (tavla), from Italian tavola, from Latin tabula.

bor+

<i class="Latn mention" lang="tr">tavla</i>


tavla

head

tavla (definite accusative tavlayı, plural tavlalar)

tavlayı (accusative definite)
tavlalar (plural)
tavla (nominative singular)
tavlalar (nominative plural)
tavlayı (accusative definite singular)
tavlaları (accusative definite plural)
tavlaya (dative singular)
tavlalara (dative plural)
tavlada (locative singular)
tavlalarda (locative plural)
tavladan (ablative singular)
tavlalardan (ablative plural)
tavlanın (genitive singular)
tavlaların (genitive plural)

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish طبله (tabla), تاوله (tavla), from Italian tavola, from Latin tabula. Doublet of tablo.


prime

composite

prime element of a mathematical structure

From Middle English prime, from Old French prime and its etymon, Latin prīmus (“first”), from earlier prīsmos < *prīsemos < Proto-Italic *priisemos, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“beyond, before”). Doublet of primo and primus.
The noun sense "apostrophe-like symbol" originates from the fact that the symbol ′ was originally a superscript Roman numeral one.

der

I'm threatening to build a prime here.

(backgammon) A series of consecutive blocks. A prime of six prevents the opponent's pieces from passing.


blitz

en-noun

blitz (countable and uncountable, plural blitzes)

Clipping of blitzkrieg, from German Blitzkrieg (literally “lightning war”).

der

What I had played was chess. Specially, I knocked out some 2,000 games of speed (or "blitz") chess in the two months leading up to the tournament. In fact, I played so much that I'm currently in the top half-percent of more than 1.3 million of blitz players at an online chess competition site.

2013 June 24, Mark Samuelian, “Speed Chess Changed My Brain”, in The Atlantic:

In order to avoid misunderstanding, I must note that I object to the attempts to displace normal chess with fast play, not rapid or blitz in general. I love them both, and, if I were to choose which to play, classic or rapid, I would choose rapid.

2015, Mark Dvoretsky, For Friends and Colleagues, volume 2 (Reflections on My Profession):

(uncountable, chess) Short for blitz chess.


흑

(board games) A black stone used in the game of go.


수

Sino-Korean word from 手 (“hand, way”), from the Middle Korean reading 슈〮 (Yale: syú). However, the dependent noun is usually not written in hanja.
The word somewhat displaced the native dependent noun 줄 (jul, “fact, ability”).

한 수만 더 두면 외통수다.

최소한 영어는 내가 걔보단 한 수 위야.

At the very least, my skill in English is a notch better than hers.

Choesohan yeong'eo-neun nae-ga gyaebodan han su wi-ya.

(originally board games, also figurative) ability, talent, skill


rider

[ˈɹ̠aɪdə(ɹ̠)]

/ˈɹɑɪ.də(ɹ)/

[ˈɹ̠ʷɑe̯də(ɹʷ)]

[ˈɹ̠aɪɾ(ə)ɹ̠]

[ˈɹ̠əjɾ(ə)ɹ̠]

writer (with flapping but without Canadian raising)

From Middle English ryder, ridere, from Late Old English rīdere (“rider, knight”). Compare Dutch rijder, German Reiter. By surface analysis, ride + -er.

kalorës

one who rides — see also cyclist, driver

fo-fhadhb

math: problem of extra difficulty added to another on an examination paper

(chess) A piece, such as the rook or bishop, which moves any distance in one direction, as long as no other piece is in the way.


convert

en-verb

convert (third-person singular simple present converts, present participle converting, simple past and past participle converted)

converts (present singular third-person)
converting (participle present)
converted (participle past)
converted (past)

[kʰə̥ɱˈvɜːt]

From Old French convertir, from Latin converto (“turn around”).

On the final day Marshall won a pawn as Black from another old rival, Hodges, but couldn't convert it and played on until a drawn king-and-pawn endgame.

1994, Andrew Soltis, Frank Marshall, United States Chess Champion, McFarland, Inc, →ISBN, page 262:

In a serious game, the same event often takes place: the attacking side, out of pure inertia, tries to convert an advantage which he or she no longer has, thus giving the defending side winning chances.

2012, Daniel Naroditsky, Mastering Complex Endgames, New In Chess, →ISBN, page 56:

Black has survived the attack and is better due to his active king! Many moves later, he converted.

2021, Frank Erwich, 1001 Chess Exercises for Advanced Club Players, New In Chess, →ISBN:

(transitive, intransitive, chess) To transform a material or positional advantage into a win.


backward

en-adj

backward (comparative more backward, superlative most backward)

more backward (comparative)
most backward (superlative)

From Middle English bakwarde, abakward, equivalent to back (adverb) + -ward. Cognate with Old Frisian bekward (“backward”).

geri

often reduplicated - mainly for the senses implying "retreat"

(chess) Of a pawn, further behind than pawns of the same colour on adjacent files and unable to be moved forward safely.


dammer

nl-noun

dammer m (plural dammers, diminutive dammertje n)

dammers (plural)
dammertje (diminutive neuter)


druid

Borrowed from French druide, from Old French, via Latin Druidae, from Gaulish *druwits, from Proto-Celtic *druwits (literally either “oak-knower” or “firm knower, great sage”), from either Proto-Indo-European *dóru (“tree”) or *drew- (“solid, firm, hard”) and *weyd- (“to see, to have knowledge”).
The earliest record of the term in Latin is by Julius Caesar in the first century B.C. in his De Bello Gallico. The native Celtic word for "druid" is first attested in Latin texts as druides (plural) and other texts also employ the form druidae (akin to the Greek form). Cognate with the later insular Celtic words, Old Irish druí (“druid, sorcerer”) and early Welsh dryw (“seer”).

(historical) One of an order of priests among certain groups of Celts before the adoption of Abrahamic religions.

(fantasy, roleplaying games) A priest or mage who uses magic based on nature or trees.


gambit

From Italian gambetto (“act of tripping; gambit”), from Italian gamba (“leg”), from Late Latin gamba.

bor

Her clever gambit gave her an advantage.

(chess) An opening in chess in which a minor piece or a pawn is sacrificed to gain an advantage.


gambit

en-verb

gambit (third-person singular simple present gambits, present participle gambiting, simple past and past participle gambited)

gambits (present singular third-person)
gambiting (participle present)
gambited (participle past)
gambited (past)

(chess, transitive) To sacrifice (a pawn or minor piece) to gain an advantage.


gambit

gambit (nominative singular)
gambity (nominative plural)
gambitu (genitive singular)
gambitów (genitive plural)
gambitowi (dative singular)
gambitom (dative plural)
gambit (accusative singular)
gambity (accusative plural)
gambitem (instrumental singular)
gambitami (instrumental plural)
gambicie (locative singular)
gambitach (locative plural)
gambicie (singular vocative)
gambity (plural vocative)

Borrowed from English gambit, from Italian gambetto, from gamba, from Late Latin gamba, from Ancient Greek καμπή (kampḗ), from Proto-Indo-European *kamp-.


gambit

nominative
gambit (singular)
gambity (plural)
genitive
gambitu (singular)
gambitov (plural)
dative
gambitom (plural)
accusative
locative
gambite (singular)
gambitoch (plural)
instrumental
gambitom (singular)
gambitmi (plural)


hetman

hetman (nominative singular)
hetmany (nominative plural)
hetmana (genitive singular)
hetmanów (genitive plural)
hetmanowi (dative singular)
hetmanom (dative plural)
hetmana (accusative singular)
hetmany (accusative plural)
hetmanem (instrumental singular)
hetmanami (instrumental plural)
hetmanie (locative singular)
hetmanach (locative plural)
hetmanie (singular vocative)
hetmany (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Middle High German houbetman, heuptman, from houbet, heupt. Compare German Hauptmann. The e in hetman attests to a borrowing from an East Central German dialect, in which Middle High German -öu- gives -ē-.


kern

head

kern m (genitive singular kern, plural kernyn)

kern (genitive singular)
kernyn (plural)
kern
chern
gern

From Middle Irish ceithern (“band or troop of soldiers or fighting men”).


motif

From French motif (1848), with the meaning of "main idea or theme". Doublet of motive.

(chess) A basic element of a move in terms of why the piece moves and how it supports the fulfilment of a stipulation.


pion

head

pion (plural pionne, diminutive pionnetjie)

From Dutch pion, from French pion, from Middle French pion, from Old French peon, from Late Latin pedō.

(chess) pawn; least valuable piece in chess


pion

nl-noun

pion m (plural pionnen, diminutive pionnetje n)

pionnen (plural)
pionnetje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: pion

→ Indonesian: pion

Borrowed from French pion, from Middle French pion, from Old French peon, from Late Latin pedō (“footman”).


pion

Inherited from Old French peon, from Late Latin pedōnem, derived from Latin ped- (“foot”). Doublet of péon, which was borrowed from Spanish peón.


pion

→ Malay: pion

From Dutch pion (“pawn”), from French pion, from Old French peon, poon, paon, from Late Latin pedō, pedōnem (“footsoldier”), from Latin pēs, pedem (“foot”). Doublet of piung.


pion

ms-noun

pion (Jawi spelling ڤيون, plural pion-pion, informal 1st possessive pionku, 2nd possessive pionmu, 3rd possessive pionnya)

ڤيون (Jawi)
pion-pion (plural)
pionku (first-person informal possessive)
pionmu (possessive second-person)
pionnya (possessive third-person)

From Indonesian pion, from Dutch pion (“pawn”), from French pion, from Old French peon, poon, paon, from Late Latin pedō, pedōnem (“footsoldier”), from Latin pēs, pedem (“foot”). Doublet of piung.


pion

pionek (diminutive)
pion (nominative singular)
piony (nominative plural)
piona (genitive singular)
pionów (genitive plural)
pionowi (dative singular)
pionom (dative plural)
pion (accusative singular)
piony (accusative plural)
pionem (instrumental singular)
pionami (instrumental plural)
pionie (locative singular)
pionach (locative plural)
pionie (singular vocative)
piony (plural vocative)


pion

pioni (plural)
pion (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
pionul (accusative definite nominative singular)
pioni (accusative indefinite nominative singular)
pionii (accusative definite nominative plural)
pion (indefinite singular)
pionului (definite singular)
pioni (indefinite singular)
pionilor (definite plural)
pionule (singular vocative)
pionilor (vocative)


talus

la-noun

tālus m (genitive tālī); second declension

tālus (canonical masculine)
tālī (genitive)
tālus (nominative singular)
tālī (nominative plural)
tālī (genitive singular)
tālōrum (genitive plural)
tālō (dative singular)
tālīs (dative plural)
tālum (accusative singular)
tālōs (accusative plural)
tālō (ablative singular)
tālīs (ablative plural)
tāle (singular vocative)
tālī (plural vocative)

English: talus

⇒ Vulgar Latin: *talonis

desctree

Old French: talon
French: talon
Norman: talon (Jersey)
→ Middle English: taloun
English: talon

Italian: tallone

Italian: talo

⇒ Italian: talismo

→ Portuguese: tálus

[ˈt̪äːɫ̪ʊs̠]

From Proto-Italic *tākslos, with multiple theories proposed:
* Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *téh₂g-s-los, from *teh₂g- (“to touch”) (whence tangō).
* Alternatively, cognate with Sanskrit तल (tala, “plane, surface”).
* From *steh₂- (“to stand”) + *-tleh₂/*-dʰleh₂ (instrument noun suffix), and directly cognate with Welsh sawdl (“heel”). This is phonetically difficult, as it requires an s-less variant of *steh₂-, as well as addition of an unknown and arbitrary suffix *-k-.

(dice games) an oblong die rounded at its ends and only marked on its other four sides


tas

az-noun

tas (definite accusative tası, plural taslar)

tası (accusative definite)
taslar (plural)
tas (nominative singular)
taslar (nominative plural)
tası (accusative definite singular)
tasları (accusative definite plural)
tasa (dative singular)
taslara (dative plural)
tasda (locative singular)
taslarda (locative plural)
tasdan (ablative singular)
taslardan (ablative plural)
tasın (definite genitive singular)
tasların (definite genitive plural)
tasım (first-person nominative possessive singular)
taslarım (first-person nominative possessive singular)
tasın (nominative possessive second-person singular)
tasların (nominative possessive second-person singular)
tası (nominative possessive singular third-person)
tasları (nominative possessive singular third-person)
tasımız (first-person nominative plural possessive)
taslarımız (first-person nominative plural possessive)
tasınız (nominative plural possessive second-person)
taslarınız (nominative plural possessive second-person)
tası (nominative plural possessive third-person)
tasları (nominative plural possessive third-person)
tasımı (accusative first-person possessive singular)
taslarımı (accusative first-person possessive singular)
tasını (accusative possessive second-person singular)
taslarını (accusative possessive second-person singular)
tasını (accusative possessive singular third-person)
taslarını (accusative possessive singular third-person)
tasımızı (accusative first-person plural possessive)
taslarımızı (accusative first-person plural possessive)
tasınızı (accusative plural possessive second-person)
taslarınızı (accusative plural possessive second-person)
tasını (accusative plural possessive third-person)
taslarını (accusative plural possessive third-person)
tasıma (dative first-person possessive singular)
taslarıma (dative first-person possessive singular)
tasına (dative possessive second-person singular)
taslarına (dative possessive second-person singular)
tasına (dative possessive singular third-person)
taslarına (dative possessive singular third-person)
tasımıza (dative first-person plural possessive)
taslarımıza (dative first-person plural possessive)
tasınıza (dative plural possessive second-person)
taslarınıza (dative plural possessive second-person)
tasına (dative plural possessive third-person)
taslarına (dative plural possessive third-person)
tasımda (first-person locative possessive singular)
taslarımda (first-person locative possessive singular)
tasında (locative possessive second-person singular)
taslarında (locative possessive second-person singular)
tasında (locative possessive singular third-person)
taslarında (locative possessive singular third-person)
tasımızda (first-person locative plural possessive)
taslarımızda (first-person locative plural possessive)
tasınızda (locative plural possessive second-person)
taslarınızda (locative plural possessive second-person)
tasında (locative plural possessive third-person)
taslarında (locative plural possessive third-person)
tasımdan (ablative first-person possessive singular)
taslarımdan (ablative first-person possessive singular)
tasından (ablative possessive second-person singular)
taslarından (ablative possessive second-person singular)
tasından (ablative possessive singular third-person)
taslarından (ablative possessive singular third-person)
tasımızdan (ablative first-person plural possessive)
taslarımızdan (ablative first-person plural possessive)
tasınızdan (ablative plural possessive second-person)
taslarınızdan (ablative plural possessive second-person)
tasından (ablative plural possessive third-person)
taslarından (ablative plural possessive third-person)
tasımın (first-person genitive possessive singular)
taslarımın (first-person genitive possessive singular)
tasının (genitive possessive second-person singular)
taslarının (genitive possessive second-person singular)
tasının (genitive possessive singular third-person)
taslarının (genitive possessive singular third-person)
tasımızın (first-person genitive plural possessive)
taslarımızın (first-person genitive plural possessive)
tasınızın (genitive plural possessive second-person)
taslarınızın (genitive plural possessive second-person)
tasının (genitive plural possessive third-person)
taslarının (genitive plural possessive third-person)

From Persian طاس (tâs), from Middle Persian tʾs (tās, “die, dice”).

(backgammon) match (a series of games, played until one player reaches three points, for example by winning three single games (oyuns), or a single game and a gammon (mars).)


winker

(tiddlywinks) Clipping of tiddlywinker (“a player of the game of tiddlywinks”).


calculation

en-noun

calculation (countable and uncountable, plural calculations)

/ˌkælkjəˈlæɪʃən/

From Middle English calculation, borrowed from Latin calculatio, calculationis.
Morphologically calculate + -ion

(chess, uncountable) The act or process of imagining sequences of potential moves and responses without actually moving the pieces.

reading

act or process of imagining sequences of moves


cater

From French quatre (“four”). Doublet of cuatro.

Cater is a very good caste.

1519, William Horman, Vulgaria, fol. 280v:

(card games, dice games, obsolete) The four of cards or dice.


cavalier

fr-noun

cavalier m (plural cavaliers, feminine cavalière)

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: قاوالیه, قوالییه (kavalye)
Turkish: kavalye

→ Russian: кавале́р (kavalér)
→ Romanian: cavaler

Borrowed from Italian cavaliere, itself borrowed from Old Occitan cavalier, from Late Latin caballārius. Doublet of chevalier, which was inherited.


classical

en-noun

classical (countable and uncountable, plural classicals)

See classic § Etymology for history. By surface analysis, class + -ical = classic + -al

When I want to have fun I play blitz. When I want to go deeper and work on improving my game, I play classical and I try to do it in tournament settings.

2015 November 3, solskytz, “IM Greg Shahade: "Slow Chess should die a fast death"”, in Chess.com:

In early September, Niemann scored an extraordinary win against Carlsen during an in-person tournament in St. Louis, Missouri. Carlsen, the world’s highest-rated player since 2011, lost with the white pieces in the classical time format, a rare occurrence for the chess juggernaut.

2022 September 23, Brian Pempus, “Hans Niemann Eliminated, Magnus Carlsen A -350 Betting Favorite To Win Online Chess Event”, in Forbes:


drab

drab (nominative singular)
draby (nominative plural)
draba (genitive singular)
drabów (genitive plural)
drabowi (dative singular)
drabom (dative plural)
draba (accusative singular)
draby (accusative plural)
drabem (instrumental singular)
drabami (instrumental plural)
drabie (locative singular)
drabach (locative plural)
drabie (singular vocative)
draby (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Old Czech dráb, from Middle High German drabant, trabant. Doublet of drabant and trabant.


fortress

Early 14 c., from Old French forteresce, forteresse, forterece (“strong place, fortification”), variant of fortelesse, from Medieval Latin fortalitia, from Latin fortis (“strong”) (see fort) + -itia, added to adjectives to form nouns of quality or condition. French -ess, from Latin -itia is also in words such as duress, largesse and riches. For change of medial -l- to -r- in Old French, compare orne (“elm”) from ulmus; chartre from cartula and chapitre from capitulum. First attested in the 12th century.

der

(chess) A position that, if obtained by the weaker side, will prevent penetration by the opposing side, generally achieving a draw.


coronation

/kɒɹəˈneɪʃn̩/

/ˌkɔɹəˈneɪʃ(ə)n/

Cecil Beaton
Coronation of the Virgin
Elizabeth II

From Late Middle English coronacion, coronacioun (“crowning of a sovereign or his consort; powers conferred by this ceremony; crowning of the Virgin Mary; (figuratively) placing of a crown of thorns on Jesus; act of rewarding a person with eternal life, happiness, honour, etc.”) [and other forms], borrowed from Anglo-Norman coronacion and Old French coronacion, coronation, from Late Latin *corōnātiōnem, from Latin corōnō (“to coronate, crown (with a crown, garland, etc.)”) + -ātiōnem (suffix forming nouns relating to actions or their results). Corōnō is derived from corōna (“garland, wreath; crown”).

ref

From the collection of the Gallerie dell’Accademia in Venice, Italy.

nb...

corenacioun, corenacyon, coronacyon, coronacyone, coronatyown

der

Here, the huffing of Miss Bella and the loss of three of her men at a swoop, aggravated by the coronation of an opponent, led to that young lady's jerking the draught-board and pieces off the table: which her sister went down on her knees to pick up.

1864 May – 1865 November, Charles Dickens, “The R. Wilfer Family”, in Our Mutual Friend. […], volume I, London: Chapman and Hall, […], published 1865, →OCLC, book the first (The Cup and the Lip), page 27:

(board games, rare) In the game of checkers or draughts: the act of turning a checker into a king when it has reached the farthest row forward.

tammeksi tekeminen

in the game of checkers or draughts: the act of turning a checker into a king when it has reached the farthest row forward


hake

Borrowed from Spanish jaque, from Old Spanish xaque, from Arabic شاه (šāh, “shah; king chess piece”), from Middle Persian 𐭬𐭫𐭪𐭠 (mlkʾ /šāh/, “king”). Doublet of tsek, tseke, and tses.


ladder

From Middle English ladder, laddre, from Old English hlǣder, from Proto-West Germanic *hlaidriju, from Proto-Germanic *hlaidrijō, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱlóydʰrom, from *ḱley- (“to lean”).
Compare Scots ledder, North Frisian ladder, Saterland Frisian Laadere, West Frisian ljedder, Dutch ladder, leer, German Leiter); also Old Irish clithar (“hedge”), Umbrian 𐌊𐌋𐌄𐌈𐌓𐌀𐌌 (kleθram, “stretcher”)). See lean, which is related to lid.

The form of a man was seen to enter, and both the females rushed up the ladder, as if equally afraid of the consequences. The stranger secured the door, and first examining the lower room with great care, he cautiously ascended the ladder.

1851, J[ames] Fenimore Cooper, “Chapter XXIII”, in The Pathfinder; or, The Inland Sea … Complete in One Volume. Revised and Corrected, with a New Introduction, Notes, &c., by the Author (The Leather-stocking Tales; III), rev. edition, New York, N.Y.: George P[almer] Putnam, 155 Broadway, →OCLC, page 411:

Ladders are heavy and unwieldy. Handle them properly to avoid damaging property and to make sure you don't injure yourself. Carry a ladder upright, not slung across your shoulder. Hold the ladder vertically, bend your knees slightly, then rock the ladder back against your shoulder. Grip one rung lower down while you support the ladder at head height with your other hand, and then straighten your knees.

2009, Albert Jackson, David Day, Popular Mechanics Complete Home How-To, rev. edition, New York, N.Y.: Hearst Books, Sterling Publishing Company, Inc., →ISBN, page 31:

And why wouldn't I just turn around, not take a chance on the bad luck of walking under a ladder? Because, beyond it, there was Pluckie. My little dog was leashed to a bush, lunging and barking. If the leash came loose, her lunge could send her tumbling down the mountainside.

2014, Linda O. Johnston, Lost under a Ladder, Woodbury, Minn.: Midnight Ink, Llewellyn Worldwide, →ISBN:

A frame, usually portable, of wood, metal, or rope, used for ascent and descent, consisting of two side pieces to which are fastened rungs (cross strips or rounds acting as steps).

Many publicly held companies do have good working conditions, but they often employ mostly high-wage workers or offer different levels of working conditions and benefits to management employees than to workers at the bottom of the ladder.

2010, Jody Heymann, Magda Barrera, Profit at the Bottom of the Ladder: Creating Value by Investing in Your Workforce, Boston, Mass.: Harvard Business Press, →ISBN, page 6:

(figuratively) The hierarchy or ranking system within an organization, such as the corporate ladder.

leer

the hierarchy or ranking system within an organization

The most dramatic introduction to the idea of how stones relate to each other over distance is how players react when a ladder (shicho, "she-ko"^([sic]) in Japanese) [シチョウ (shichō)] develops. […] Ouch! This is finding out about the ladder, which is called that because of the steplike shape that the defending stones are forced into.

2003, Peter Shotwell, Go! More Than a Game, Boston, Mass.: Tuttle Publishing, →ISBN:

(go) A sequence of moves following a zigzag pattern and ultimately leading to the capture of the attacked stones.


ladder

en-verb

ladder (third-person singular simple present ladders, present participle laddering, simple past and past participle laddered)

ladders (present singular third-person)
laddering (participle present)
laddered (participle past)
laddered (past)

For eighteen minutes Revenge pounded the dockyard area at an average range of 15,700 yards, spreading for line and laddering for range to a prearranged plan to cover the whole target area.

2007, Peter Smith, Naval Warfare in the English Channel: 1939-1945, page 134:

Laddering made it possible to get a few hits on a fast-moving, often manoeuvring, target.

2014, Norman Friedman, Naval Anti-Aircraft Guns & Gunnery:

(UK, naval slang) To close in on a target with successive salvos, increasing or decreasing the shot range as necessary.

offences to be taken into consideration
offence to be taken into consideration

(UK, law enforcement, of a police officer) To corruptly coerce a convicted offender to admit to offences to be taken into consideration which they do not actually believe they committed, as a way to artificially increase the rate of solved crimes.


ree

head

ree m (genitive singular ree, plural reeghyn or reeaghyn)

ree (genitive singular)
reeghyn (plural)
reeaghyn (plural)

From Old Irish rí, from Proto-Celtic *rīxs, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs (“ruler, king”).

inh

Jean eh cooie da ree.

Keayrt dy row va ree ayn.

My vees yn ree hene eh, cha nel kiart echey ayns Mannin.

King or no king, he has no right to be in Mann.

T' eh jeh sluight reeghyn Vannin.

king (monarchy, chess, card games, draughts)


맥

the hanja entry at 脈 for Sino-Korean compounds of 맥

(by extension, board games) strategically crucial area of the board


bingo

en-noun

bingo (countable and uncountable, plural bingos)

→ Polish: bingo

Alternative form of bing, suggesting a ringing sound. Attested since 1925.

(countable, Scrabble, US) A play where all seven of a player's letter tiles are played, awarding a score bonus.


गज

gaja (romanization)
गजः (nominative singular)
गजौ (dual nominative)
गजा1 (dual nominative)
गजाः (nominative plural)
गजासः1 (nominative plural)
गज (singular vocative)
गजौ (dual vocative)
गजा1 (dual vocative)
गजाः (plural vocative)
गजासः1 (plural vocative)
गजम् (accusative singular)
गजौ (accusative dual)
गजा1 (accusative dual)
गजान् (accusative plural)
गजेन (instrumental singular)
गजाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गजैः (instrumental plural)
गजेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गजाय (dative singular)
गजाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गजेभ्यः (dative plural)
गजात् (ablative singular)
गजाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गजेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गजस्य (genitive singular)
गजयोः (dual genitive)
गजानाम् (genitive plural)
गजे (locative singular)
गजयोः (dual locative)
गजेषु (locative plural)

Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀕𑀅 (gaa)

Pali: gaja

→ Thai: คชา (ká-chaa), คช (kót)

→ Acehnese: gajah

→ Balinese: ᬕᬚᬄ (gajah)

→ Banjarese: gajah

→ Toba Batak: ᯎᯐ (gaja)

→ Bikol Central: gagdya

→ Cebuano: gadya

→ Chinese: 伽耶 (qiéyé)

→ Gorontalo: gaja

→ Hiligaynon: gadyo

→ Hindi: गज (gaj)

→ Ilocano: gadia

→ Javanese: ꦒꦗꦃ (gajah)

→ Kannada: ಗಜ (gaja)

→ Ledo Kaili: gaja

→ Kapampangan: gagdia

→ Madurese: ꦓꦙ (ghajha)

desctree

→ Malay: gajah
Indonesian: gajah
→ Bikol Central: gadyâ
→ Cebuano: gadyâ
→ Maguindanao: gajah
→ Tagalog: gadya
→ Tausug: gadja

→ Malayalam: ഗജം (gajaṁ)

→ Minangkabau: gajah

→ Old Gujarati: गज (gaja)

→ Marwari: गज (gaj) (learned)

→ Molbog: gaja

→ Brooke's Point Palawano: gadya

→ Sasak: gajah

→ Sika: glajak

→ Sundanese: ᮌᮏᮂ (gajah)

→ Tagalog: gadya

→ Tamil: கஜம் (kajam)

→ Telugu: గజము (gajamu)

→ Tulu: ಗಜ (gaja)

→ Urdu: گج (gaj)

→ Waray-Waray: gadya

→ Wolio: gaja

→ English: gaja (learned)

Of uncertain, possibly substrate, origin.

(chaturanga) gaja, a chaturanga piece ancestral to the bishop in chess


squat

en-verb

squat (third-person singular simple present squats, present participle squatting, simple past and past participle squatted)

squats (present singular third-person)
squatting (participle present)
squatted (participle past)
squatted (past)

From Middle English squatten, from Old French esquatir, escatir (“compress, press down, lay flat, crush”), from es- (“ex-”) + quatir (“press down, flatten”), from Vulgar Latin *coactire (“press together, force”), from Latin coāctus, perfect passive participle of cōgō (“force together, compress”).
The sense “nothing” may be the source or a derivation of diddly-squat.

uder

I can't believe they squatted my favorite faction!

(slang, board games) To retire a modeling kit or group of modeling kits.


Bristol

en-noun

Bristol (countable and uncountable, plural Bristols)

From Middle English Brigstow, from Old English Bryċġstōw (literally “the place by the bridge”), from bryċġ + -stōw, with additional final /l/ due to hypercorrection from l-vocalizing accents. See bridge and stow for more.
The tiddlywinks sense is associated with players from Bristol University.

inh

In the Cambridge-improved version of tiddlywinks, potting isn't everything. […] Most of the matches I watched during the tournament were defensive struggles like this one, games that came down to squops, gromps and Bristols.

2007, Forbes, volume 180, numbers 8-13, page 93:

(countable, tiddlywinks) A shot that moves a whole pile of winks rather than just one.


old lady

Watch out for that old lady waiting for you.


miniature

/ˈmɪn(i)ət͡ʃʊəɹ/

/ˈmɪnɪt͡ʃəɹ/

Borrowed from Italian miniatura (“manuscript illumination”), from miniare (“to illuminate”), from Latin miniō (“to colour red”), from minium (“red lead”).

bor

(chess) A chess game which is concluded with very few moves.

Jack had dozens of miniatures of Napoleonic footsoldiers painted in detailed period regalia for his wargames.

(roleplaying games, board games) A token in a game representing a unit or character.

roleplaying games; board games; roleplaying games; board games

miniatyyri

a token in a game representing a unit or character


गृह

gṛhá (romanization)
गृहम् (nominative singular)
गृहे (dual nominative)
गृहाणि (nominative plural)
गृहा1 (nominative plural)
गृह (singular vocative)
गृहे (dual vocative)
गृहाणि (plural vocative)
गृहा1 (plural vocative)
गृहम् (accusative singular)
गृहे (accusative dual)
गृहाणि (accusative plural)
गृहा1 (accusative plural)
गृहेण (instrumental singular)
गृहाभ्याम् (dual instrumental)
गृहैः (instrumental plural)
गृहेभिः1 (instrumental plural)
गृहाय (dative singular)
गृहाभ्याम् (dative dual)
गृहेभ्यः (dative plural)
गृहात् (ablative singular)
गृहाभ्याम् (ablative dual)
गृहेभ्यः (ablative plural)
गृहस्य (genitive singular)
गृहयोः (dual genitive)
गृहाणाम् (genitive plural)
गृहे (locative singular)
गृहयोः (dual locative)
गृहेषु (locative plural)

Ashokan Prakrit: *𑀕𑀭𑁆𑀳 (*garha) (see there for further descendants)

Dardic:

Kashmiri: گَرٕ (garụ), गरॖ (garụ)

Pali: gaha, ghara

→ Khmer: ឃរ (khɔɔ) (learned)

→ Bengali: গৃহ (grihô) (learned)

→ Hindustani: (learned)

Hindi: गृह (gŕh)

→ Kannada: ಗೃಹ (gṛha) (learned)

→ Malay: gerha (learned)

Indonesian: gerha

desc

→ Malayalam: ഗൃഹം (gr̥haṁ), കിരിയം (kiriyaṁ) (learned)

→ Nepali: गृह (gr̥ha) (learned)

→ Old Javanese: gṛha, gerha, greha, griya (learned)

Javanese: graha, griya

→ Indonesian: gerha, graha, greha, griya

→ Old Javanese: ghāra (“wife”)

desctree

Javanese: ꦒꦂꦮ (garwa, “wife”)
→ Indonesian: garwa
→ Sundanese: ᮌᮁᮝ (garwa)

→ Old Khmer: graha (learned)

Khmer: គ្រឹហា (krɨhaa)

→ Odia: ଗୃହ (gruha) (learned)

desc

→ Tamil: கிரகம் (kirakam), கிருகம் (kirukam)

→ Telugu: గృహము (gr̥hamu) (learned)

→ Thai: คฤห (krʉ́) (learned)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *gʰerdʰ-der.
Proto-Indo-Iranian *gʰr̥dʰás
Sanskrit गृह (gṛha)
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *gʰr̥dʰás (“house”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰr̥dʰ-ó-s, from *gʰerdʰ- (“enclosure”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬜𐬀 (gər^əδa), Old Church Slavonic градъ (gradŭ, “city”), English yard.


remis

Das Spiel endete remis.

(chess, sports) in a draw; the result being a draw


Zugzwang

de-noun

Zugzwang m (strong, genitive Zugzwangs or Zugzwanges, plural Zugzwänge)

Zugzwangs (genitive)
Zugzwanges (genitive)
Zugzwänge (plural)
Zugzwang (nominative singular)
Zugzwänge (definite nominative plural)
Zugzwangs (genitive singular)
Zugzwanges (genitive singular)
Zugzwänge (definite genitive plural)
Zugzwang (dative singular)
Zugzwange (dative singular)
Zugzwängen (dative definite plural)
Zugzwang (accusative singular)
Zugzwänge (accusative definite plural)

→ Armenian: Ցուգցվանգ (Cʻugcʻvang)

→ English: zugzwang

→ French: zugzwang

→ Russian: цугцва́нг (cugcváng)

From Zug (“move”) + Zwang (“compulsion”).

Kühe können entlang den Linien um ein Feld gezogen werden. Sie können nicht springen und nicht schlagen. Für beide Parteien gilt Zugzwang. Für den Leoparden gilt kein Schlagzwang.

2006, Claus Voigt, “Kühe und Leoparden [Cows and Leopards]”, in Asiatische Spiele [Asian Games], Humboldt, page 75:

Cows can be moved along the lines by one square. They cannot jump nor capture any piece. Both players are forced to make a move. The leopard is not forced to capture a piece if possible.

(games, especially chess) Synonym of Zugpflicht (“the rule that a player cannot forgo a move”)


돌

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 돓〯 (Yale: twǒlh). In turn, from an earlier *tworVk on the basis that a placename element 石 alternates with 珍惡 (MC trin 'ak; OC *trə[n] ʔˤak) in the Samguk Sagi. The final velar plosive is also preserved in some Korean dialects .
Unrelated to Proto-Turkic *tāĺ (cf. Chuvash чул (čul)) and Proto-Mongolic *čïlaxun (cf. Mongolian чулуу (čuluu)).

ko-etym-native

Clipping of 바둑돌 (badukdol, “(go) Go stone”).


variation

en-noun

variation (usually uncountable, plural variations)

/ˌvɛəɹɪˈeɪʃn̩/

/ˌvɛəɹiˈeɪʃn̩/

/ˌvæɹiˈeɪʃn̩/

/ˌvɛɹiˈeɪʃn̩/

From Middle French variation, from Old French variacion, from Latin variātiō, from vary + -ation.

(board games) A line of play that differs from the original.

вариант

(board games) a line of play that differs from the original


oda

oda (genitive)
oda (partitive)
oda (nominative singular)
odad (nominative plural)
oda (accusative nominative singular)
odad (accusative nominative plural)
oda (accusative genitive singular)
odad (accusative genitive plural)
oda (genitive singular)
odade (genitive plural)
oda (partitive singular)
odasid (partitive plural)
otta (illative singular)
odasse (illative singular)
odadesse (illative plural)
odas (inessive singular)
odades (inessive plural)
odast (elative singular)
odadest (elative plural)
odale (allative singular)
odadele (allative plural)
odal (adessive singular)
odadel (adessive plural)
odalt (ablative singular)
odadelt (ablative plural)
odaks (singular translative)
odadeks (plural translative)
odani (singular terminative)
odadeni (plural terminative)
odana (essive singular)
odadena (essive plural)
odata (abessive singular)
odadeta (abessive plural)
odaga (comitative singular)
odadega (comitative plural)

From Proto-Finnic *ota, possibly from Proto-Uralic *woča. Cognate to Finnish Otava (“Big Dipper”), Votic otava (“Big Dipper”), Veps odeg (“stick”), Northern Sami oahci (“obstacle”), Komi-Permyak водж (vodž, “fish-trap used during the winter”), Erzya ош (oš, “city”), and Forest Enets ба” (bǝʔ, “city, Ob delta”).


reina

Inherited from Old Catalan reïna (with a shift in stress), from Latin rēgīna.


reina

→ Cebuano: rayna

→ Papiamentu: reina

→ Tagalog: reyna

Inherited from Old Spanish reyna (with a shift in stress), from Latin rēgīna. Compare Italian regina and Portuguese rainha.


فيل

ar-noun

فِيل • (fīl) m (dual فِيلَان (fīlān), plural فِيَلَة (fiyala) or فُيُول (fuyūl) or أَفْيَال (ʔafyāl), feminine فِيلَة (fīla))

فِيل (canonical)
fīl (romanization)
فِيلَان (dual)
فِيَلَة (plural)
فُيُول (plural)
أَفْيَال (plural)
فِيلَة (feminine)
فِيل (indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْفِيل (definite informal singular triptote)
فِيل (construct informal singular triptote)
فِيلٌ (indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْفِيلُ (definite nominative singular triptote)
فِيلُ (construct nominative singular triptote)
فِيلًا (accusative indefinite singular triptote)
الْفِيلَ (accusative definite singular triptote)
فِيلَ (accusative construct singular triptote)
فِيلٍ (genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْفِيلِ (definite genitive singular triptote)
فِيلِ (construct genitive singular triptote)
فِيلَيْن (dual indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْفِيلَيْن (definite dual informal singular triptote)
فِيلَيْ (construct dual informal singular triptote)
فِيلَانِ (dual indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْفِيلَانِ (definite dual nominative singular triptote)
فِيلَا (construct dual nominative singular triptote)
فِيلَيْنِ (accusative dual indefinite singular triptote)
الْفِيلَيْنِ (accusative definite dual singular triptote)
فِيلَيْ (accusative construct dual singular triptote)
فِيلَيْنِ (dual genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْفِيلَيْنِ (definite dual genitive singular triptote)
فِيلَيْ (construct dual genitive singular triptote)
فِيَلَة (ar-infl-a broken-form indefinite informal plural triptote)
فُيُول (ar-infl-a broken-form indefinite informal plural triptote)
أَفْيَال (ar-infl-a broken-form indefinite informal plural triptote)
الْفِيَلَة (ar-infl-a broken-form definite informal plural triptote)
الْفُيُول (ar-infl-a broken-form definite informal plural triptote)
الْأَفْيَال (ar-infl-a broken-form definite informal plural triptote)
فِيَلَة (ar-infl-a broken-form construct informal plural triptote)
فُيُول (ar-infl-a broken-form construct informal plural triptote)
أَفْيَال (ar-infl-a broken-form construct informal plural triptote)
فِيَلَةٌ (ar-infl-a broken-form indefinite nominative plural triptote)
فُيُولٌ (ar-infl-a broken-form indefinite nominative plural triptote)
أَفْيَالٌ (ar-infl-a broken-form indefinite nominative plural triptote)
الْفِيَلَةُ (ar-infl-a broken-form definite nominative plural triptote)
الْفُيُولُ (ar-infl-a broken-form definite nominative plural triptote)
الْأَفْيَالُ (ar-infl-a broken-form definite nominative plural triptote)
فِيَلَةُ (ar-infl-a broken-form construct nominative plural triptote)
فُيُولُ (ar-infl-a broken-form construct nominative plural triptote)
أَفْيَالُ (ar-infl-a broken-form construct nominative plural triptote)
فِيَلَةً (accusative ar-infl-a broken-form indefinite plural triptote)
فُيُولًا (accusative ar-infl-a broken-form indefinite plural triptote)
أَفْيَالًا (accusative ar-infl-a broken-form indefinite plural triptote)
الْفِيَلَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a broken-form definite plural triptote)
الْفُيُولَ (accusative ar-infl-a broken-form definite plural triptote)
الْأَفْيَالَ (accusative ar-infl-a broken-form definite plural triptote)
فِيَلَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a broken-form construct plural triptote)
فُيُولَ (accusative ar-infl-a broken-form construct plural triptote)
أَفْيَالَ (accusative ar-infl-a broken-form construct plural triptote)
فِيَلَةٍ (ar-infl-a broken-form genitive indefinite plural triptote)
فُيُولٍ (ar-infl-a broken-form genitive indefinite plural triptote)
أَفْيَالٍ (ar-infl-a broken-form genitive indefinite plural triptote)
الْفِيَلَةِ (ar-infl-a broken-form definite genitive plural triptote)
الْفُيُولِ (ar-infl-a broken-form definite genitive plural triptote)
الْأَفْيَالِ (ar-infl-a broken-form definite genitive plural triptote)
فِيَلَةِ (ar-infl-a broken-form construct genitive plural triptote)
فُيُولِ (ar-infl-a broken-form construct genitive plural triptote)
أَفْيَالِ (ar-infl-a broken-form construct genitive plural triptote)

desc

فیل / фил / fil

→ Azerbaijani: فیل / фил / fil (fil)

fil / фил / פאִל

→ Judeo-Tat: fil / фил / פאִל (fil / фил / fil)

→ Central Kurdish: فیل (fîl)

→ Middle Armenian: ֆիլ (fil)

Armenian: ֆիլ (fil)

→ Old Norse: fíll

Faroese: fílur

Icelandic: fíll

⇒ Old Norse: fílsbein (“ivory”)

Icelandic: fílsbein

Danish: filsben

desctree

→ Ottoman Turkish: فیل (fil), ֆիլ (fil) — Armeno-Turkish
Turkish: fil
→ Albanian: fil
→ Laz: ჶილი (fili)
→ Serbo-Croatian: fȉl /фи̏л

desc

⇒ Ottoman Turkish: فیل دیشی (fildişi, “ivory”)

Turkish: fildişi

→ Romanian: fildeș

фѝлдиш / fìldiš

→ Serbo-Croatian: фѝлдиш / fìldiš

→ Greek: φίλντισι (fílntisi)

desctree

→ Persian: فیل (fil)
→ Bashkir: фил (fil)
→ Yagnobi: фил (fil)
→ Chechen: пийл (piı̇l)
→ Georgian: ჶილი (fili) — Fereydan
→ Hindi: फ़ील (fīl)
→ Kazakh: піл (pıl)
→ Kyrgyz: пил (pil)
→ Northern Kurdish: fîl
→ Pashto: پيل (pil)
→ Tajik: фил (fil)
→ Tatar: фил (fil)
→ Turkmen: pil
→ Urdu: فیل (fīl)
→ Uyghur: پىل (pil)
→ Uzbek: fil

→ Old Spanish: alfil (“bishop (chess)”)

Spanish: alfil

→ Asturian: alfil

→ Galician: alfil

→ Catalan: alfil

desc

عَظْم اَلْفِيل

⇒ Arabic: عَظْم اَلْفِيل (ʕaẓm al-fīl, “ivory”)

→ Old Spanish: almalfil

Spanish: marfil

→ Galician: marfil

→ Catalan: marfil

→ Old Galician-Portuguese: marfil, almafil

Portuguese: marfim

From Middle Persian pyl (/pīl/), from Akkadian 𒄠𒋛 (/pīru/), related to Egyptian ꜣbw Ab-b-w-E26 (root of English elephant).
Cognate with Aramaic פִּילָא (pīlā) and Hebrew פיל (píl). Compare also Old Armenian փիղ (pʻił), Persian پیل (pil), Sanskrit पीलु (pīlu).

(chess) bishop (use the dual to pluralize)


ملكة

ajp-noun

ملكة • (malike) f (construct state ملكة (malket), plural ملكات (malikāt), masculine ملك (malik))

malike (romanization)
ملكة (construct)
ملكات (plural)
ملك (masculine)


norm

From Latin norma (“a carpenter's square, a rule, a pattern, a precept”). Doublet of norma.

norm

math: function that maps vectors to non-negative reals

(chess) A high level of performance in a chess tournament, several of which are required for a player to receive a title.


wink

(tiddlywinks) Synonym of tiddlywink (“small disc used in the game of tiddlywinks”)


roi

Antillean Creole: wa

Guianese Creole: rwè

Haitian Creole: wa

(perhaps) ⇒ Haitian Creole: lwa
→ English: loa

Karipúna Creole French: hué

Louisiana Creole: rwa

Seychellois Creole: lerwa

Inherited from Middle French roy, from Old French roi, rei, from Latin rēgem.

au royaume des aveugles, les borgnes sont rois


roi

fro-noun

roi oblique singular, m (oblique plural rois, nominative singular rois, nominative plural roi)

roi oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
rois (oblique plural)
rois (nominative singular)
roi (nominative plural)

desctree

Middle French: roy
French: roi, roy (obsolete) (pre-1800)
Antillean Creole: wa
Guianese Creole: rwè
Haitian Creole: wa
(perhaps) ⇒ Haitian Creole: lwa
→ English: loa
Karipúna Creole French: hué
Louisiana Creole: rwa
Seychellois Creole: lerwa

Norman:

Continental Normandy: rai, ré, rey

Guernsey: ré, roué

Jersey: rouai

Sark: rwe

Walloon: roy, rwè

→ Middle English: roy, roye

English: roy

rai

Le Roman de Tristan, Thomas d'Angleterre


将軍

ja-noun

将(しょう)軍(ぐん) • (shōgun) ^(←しやうぐん (syaugun)?)

将軍 (canonical)
shōgun (romanization)
syaugun (romanization)
しやうぐん (hiragana historical)

→ Danish: shogun c

→ English: shogun

→ French: shogun m

→ Indonesian: syogun

→ Italian: shogun m

→ Polish: siogun m

→ Portuguese: xogum

/sʲaːᵑ kun/ → /ɕauɡun/ → /ɕɔːɡun/ → /ɕoːɡun/
From Middle Chinese compound 將軍 (MC tsjang kjun). Compare modern Min Nan 將軍 /将军 (chiong-kun), Eastern Min 將軍 /将军 (ciŏng-gŭng).
The “shogun” sense is originally short for 征夷大将軍 (seii taishōgun, literally “commander in chief of the expeditionary force to expel barbarians”).

*The abbreviations are only used as a typographical convention. They are pronounced the same as their full names.

(military) a commander of troops, especially of an expeditionary or frontline force

(Kawanakajima shogi) A piece in Kawanakajima shōgi


เม็ด

th-noun

เม็ด • (mét)

Cognate with Northern Thai ᨾᩮᩢ᩠ᨯ, Lao ເມັດ (met), Lü ᦵᦙᧆ (med), Tai Dam ꪣꪲꪒ, Shan မဵတ်ႉ (mâ̰et). Doublet of เมล็ด (má-lét) and เล็ด (lét).


hopper

From Middle English hoppere, alteration of *hoppe (found in grashoppe (“grasshopper”)), from Old English *hoppa (“one who hops, hopper”), equivalent to hop + -er. Cognate with Dutch hopper (“hopper”), Swedish hoppare (“hopper, jumper”), Icelandic hoppari (“hopper”).

der

(chess) A fairy chess piece which moves only by jumping over another piece.


contempt

en-noun

contempt (countable and uncountable, plural contempts)

From Latin contemptus (“scorn”), from contemnō (“I scorn, despise”), from com- + temnō (“I despise”). Displaced native Old English forsewennes.

(chess, uncountable) Ellipsis of contempt factor.


caballo

es-noun

caballo m (plural caballos, feminine yegua, feminine plural yeguas)

caballos (plural)
yegua (feminine)
yeguas (feminine plural)

Chavacano: caballo

Papiamentu: cabai

→ Alcozauca Mixtec: kuái̱

→ Aymara: kawallu

→ Bikol Central: kabayo

→ Cahuilla: kaváayu

→ Cebuano: kabayo

→ Central Huasteca Nahuatl: kauayoj

→ Central Nahuatl: cahuayoh

→ Chamicuro: kawali

→ Chaná: kuayó, cauáio (uncertain)

→ Chol: cawayuʼ

desc

→ Classical Nahuatl: cahuāllo, caballo, cahualloh, cahuayo, cauallo, cavallo

→ Guaraní: kavaju

→ Ilocano: kabalio

→ Ivatan: kabayu

→ Kapampangan: kabayu

→ Lake Miwok: kawáj

→ Mecayapan Nahuatl: cahua̱yoj

→ Mapudungun: kawell, kawellu

→ Maranao: kabayo

→ Mbyá Guaraní: kavaju

→ Nivaclé: cuvôyu

→ O'odham: kaviyu

→ Papantla Totonac: kawayu

→ Paraguayan Guaraní: kavaju

→ Pipil: kāwayu

→ Quechua: kawallu

→ Sayula Popoluca: cawa̱yu

→ Seri: caay

→ Tagalog: kabayo

→ Waray-Waray: kabayo

→ Yatzachi Zapotec: cabey

→ Yosondúa Mixtec: kuayu

→ Zoogocho Zapotec: cabayw

rural northern Spain, Andes Mountains, Paraguay, Philippines

Inherited from Late Latin caballus (“horse”), from Latin caballus (“pack horse”), of disputed origin. Compare Portuguese cavalo.

inh+

a caballo regalado no le mires el diente


draughts

(board games, UK, Ireland, Commonwealth, uncountable) A board game for two players in which the players each have a set number of pieces (typically 12 or 20, depending on the rule set), known as men, and the object is to capture each of the opponent's pieces by jumping one's own pieces over the opponent's pieces.


checkers

(board games, US, Canada, in the singular) A game for two players played on a chessboard; the players have 12 pieces each, and the object is to capture all the opponent’s pieces by jumping over them. Other European varieties have larger boards and more playing pieces.


backgammon

en-noun

backgammon (countable and uncountable, plural backgammons)

Probably from back + Middle English gamen, from Old English gamen (“amusement, game”).

"I have borrowed Mrs. Palmer's backgammon-board," said Isabella, whose notion of an elderly gentleman's amusements of an evening was derived from what she had seen Mr. Palmer do.

1838 (date written), L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter VII, in Lady Anne Granard; or, Keeping up Appearances. […], volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […], published 1842, →OCLC, page 90:

A board game for two players in which each has 15 stones which move between 24 triangular points according to the roll of a pair of dice; the object is to move all of one's pieces around, and bear them off the board.

[script needed] (nywʾlthšyl /nēw-ardaxšēr/)


backgammon

backgammon (nominative singular)
backgammonit (nominative plural)
backgammon (accusative nominative singular)
backgammonit (accusative nominative plural)
backgammonin (accusative genitive singular)
backgammonit (accusative genitive plural)
backgammonin (genitive singular)
backgammonien (genitive plural)
backgammoneiden (genitive plural)
backgammoneitten (genitive plural)
backgammonia (partitive singular)
backgammoneita (partitive plural)
backgammoneja (partitive plural)
backgammonissa (inessive singular)
backgammoneissa (inessive plural)
backgammonista (elative singular)
backgammoneista (elative plural)
backgammoniin (illative singular)
backgammoneihin (illative plural)
backgammonilla (adessive singular)
backgammoneilla (adessive plural)
backgammonilta (ablative singular)
backgammoneilta (ablative plural)
backgammonille (allative singular)
backgammoneille (allative plural)
backgammonina (essive singular)
backgammoneina (essive plural)
backgammoniksi (singular translative)
backgammoneiksi (plural translative)
backgammonitta (abessive singular)
backgammoneitta (abessive plural)
backgammonein (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
backgammonini (nominative singular)
backgammonini (nominative plural)
backgammonini (accusative nominative singular)
backgammonini (accusative nominative plural)
backgammonini (accusative genitive singular)
backgammonini (accusative genitive plural)
backgammonini (genitive singular)
backgammonieni (genitive plural)
backgammoneideni (genitive plural)
backgammoneitteni (genitive plural)
backgammoniani (partitive singular)
backgammoneitani (partitive plural)
backgammonejani (partitive plural)
backgammonissani (inessive singular)
backgammoneissani (inessive plural)
backgammonistani (elative singular)
backgammoneistani (elative plural)
backgammoniini (illative singular)
backgammoneihini (illative plural)
backgammonillani (adessive singular)
backgammoneillani (adessive plural)
backgammoniltani (ablative singular)
backgammoneiltani (ablative plural)
backgammonilleni (allative singular)
backgammoneilleni (allative plural)
backgammoninani (essive singular)
backgammoneinani (essive plural)
backgammonikseni (singular translative)
backgammoneikseni (plural translative)
backgammonittani (abessive singular)
backgammoneittani (abessive plural)
backgammoneineni (comitative plural)
backgammonisi (nominative singular)
backgammonisi (nominative plural)
backgammonisi (accusative nominative singular)
backgammonisi (accusative nominative plural)
backgammonisi (accusative genitive singular)
backgammonisi (accusative genitive plural)
backgammonisi (genitive singular)
backgammoniesi (genitive plural)
backgammoneidesi (genitive plural)
backgammoneittesi (genitive plural)
backgammoniasi (partitive singular)
backgammoneitasi (partitive plural)
backgammonejasi (partitive plural)
backgammonissasi (inessive singular)
backgammoneissasi (inessive plural)
backgammonistasi (elative singular)
backgammoneistasi (elative plural)
backgammoniisi (illative singular)
backgammoneihisi (illative plural)
backgammonillasi (adessive singular)
backgammoneillasi (adessive plural)
backgammoniltasi (ablative singular)
backgammoneiltasi (ablative plural)
backgammonillesi (allative singular)
backgammoneillesi (allative plural)
backgammoninasi (essive singular)
backgammoneinasi (essive plural)
backgammoniksesi (singular translative)
backgammoneiksesi (plural translative)
backgammonittasi (abessive singular)
backgammoneittasi (abessive plural)
backgammoneinesi (comitative plural)
backgammonimme (nominative singular)
backgammonimme (nominative plural)
backgammonimme (accusative nominative singular)
backgammonimme (accusative nominative plural)
backgammonimme (accusative genitive singular)
backgammonimme (accusative genitive plural)
backgammonimme (genitive singular)
backgammoniemme (genitive plural)
backgammoneidemme (genitive plural)
backgammoneittemme (genitive plural)
backgammoniamme (partitive singular)
backgammoneitamme (partitive plural)
backgammonejamme (partitive plural)
backgammonissamme (inessive singular)
backgammoneissamme (inessive plural)
backgammonistamme (elative singular)
backgammoneistamme (elative plural)
backgammoniimme (illative singular)
backgammoneihimme (illative plural)
backgammonillamme (adessive singular)
backgammoneillamme (adessive plural)
backgammoniltamme (ablative singular)
backgammoneiltamme (ablative plural)
backgammonillemme (allative singular)
backgammoneillemme (allative plural)
backgammoninamme (essive singular)
backgammoneinamme (essive plural)
backgammoniksemme (singular translative)
backgammoneiksemme (plural translative)
backgammonittamme (abessive singular)
backgammoneittamme (abessive plural)
backgammoneinemme (comitative plural)
backgammoninne (nominative singular)
backgammoninne (nominative plural)
backgammoninne (accusative nominative singular)
backgammoninne (accusative nominative plural)
backgammoninne (accusative genitive singular)
backgammoninne (accusative genitive plural)
backgammoninne (genitive singular)
backgammonienne (genitive plural)
backgammoneidenne (genitive plural)
backgammoneittenne (genitive plural)
backgammonianne (partitive singular)
backgammoneitanne (partitive plural)
backgammonejanne (partitive plural)
backgammonissanne (inessive singular)
backgammoneissanne (inessive plural)
backgammonistanne (elative singular)
backgammoneistanne (elative plural)
backgammoniinne (illative singular)
backgammoneihinne (illative plural)
backgammonillanne (adessive singular)
backgammoneillanne (adessive plural)
backgammoniltanne (ablative singular)
backgammoneiltanne (ablative plural)
backgammonillenne (allative singular)
backgammoneillenne (allative plural)
backgammoninanne (essive singular)
backgammoneinanne (essive plural)
backgammoniksenne (singular translative)
backgammoneiksenne (plural translative)
backgammonittanne (abessive singular)
backgammoneittanne (abessive plural)
backgammoneinenne (comitative plural)
backgammoninsa (nominative singular)
backgammoninsa (nominative plural)
backgammoninsa (accusative nominative singular)
backgammoninsa (accusative nominative plural)
backgammoninsa (accusative genitive singular)
backgammoninsa (accusative genitive plural)
backgammoninsa (genitive singular)
backgammoniensa (genitive plural)
backgammoneidensa (genitive plural)
backgammoneittensa (genitive plural)
backgammoniaan (partitive singular)
backgammoniansa (partitive singular)
backgammoneitaan (partitive plural)
backgammonejaan (partitive plural)
backgammoneitansa (partitive plural)
backgammonejansa (partitive plural)
backgammonissaan (inessive singular)
backgammonissansa (inessive singular)
backgammoneissaan (inessive plural)
backgammoneissansa (inessive plural)
backgammonistaan (elative singular)
backgammonistansa (elative singular)
backgammoneistaan (elative plural)
backgammoneistansa (elative plural)
backgammoniinsa (illative singular)
backgammoneihinsa (illative plural)
backgammonillaan (adessive singular)
backgammonillansa (adessive singular)
backgammoneillaan (adessive plural)
backgammoneillansa (adessive plural)
backgammoniltaan (ablative singular)
backgammoniltansa (ablative singular)
backgammoneiltaan (ablative plural)
backgammoneiltansa (ablative plural)
backgammonilleen (allative singular)
backgammonillensa (allative singular)
backgammoneilleen (allative plural)
backgammoneillensa (allative plural)
backgammoninaan (essive singular)
backgammoninansa (essive singular)
backgammoneinaan (essive plural)
backgammoneinansa (essive plural)
backgammonikseen (singular translative)
backgammoniksensa (singular translative)
backgammoneikseen (plural translative)
backgammoneiksensa (plural translative)
backgammonittaan (abessive singular)
backgammonittansa (abessive singular)
backgammoneittaan (abessive plural)
backgammoneittansa (abessive plural)
backgammoneineen (comitative plural)
backgammoneinensa (comitative plural)


backgammon

Unadapted borrowing from English backgammon.


horizon

Inherited from Middle English orisonte, orisoun, from Middle French horizon, horizonte, from Old French orisonte, orison, via Latin horizōn, from Ancient Greek ὁρίζων (horízōn), from ὅρος (hóros, “boundary”).

(computer chess) The point at which a computer chess algorithm stops searching for further moves.


tessera

la-noun

tessera f (genitive tesserae); first declension

tesserae (genitive)
tessera (nominative singular)
tesserae (nominative plural)
tesserae (genitive singular)
tesserārum (genitive plural)
tesserae (dative singular)
tesserīs (dative plural)
tesseram (accusative singular)
tesserās (accusative plural)
tesserā (ablative singular)
tesserīs (ablative plural)
tessera (singular vocative)
tesserae (plural vocative)

[ˈt̪ɛs̠ːɛrä]

From Ancient Greek τέσσαρες (téssares, “four”).

bor

(dice games) a die with six faces and pips, alike modern-day ones


blank

From Middle English blank, blonc, blaunc, blaunche, from Anglo-Norman blonc, blaunc, blaunche, from Old French blanc, feminine blanche, from Frankish *blank (“gleaming, white, blinding”), from Proto-Germanic *blankaz (“white, bright, blinding”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰleyǵ- (“to shine”). Akin to Old High German blanch (“shining, bright, white”) (German blank), Old English blanc (“white, grey”), blanca (“white steed”), Spanish blanco. More at blink, blind, blanch. Doublet of blanc.

cog

the double blank

the six blank

(dominoes) A domino without points on one or both of its divisions.


days

Borrowed from English dice, from Middle English dys, plural of dy, variant of dee, from Old French dé, from Latin datum, from datus (“given”). Doublet of datos. See also dado.


miles

la-noun

mīles m or f (genitive mīlitis); third declension

mīles (canonical feminine masculine)
mīlitis (genitive)
mīles (nominative singular)
mīlitēs (nominative plural)
mīlitis (genitive singular)
mīlitum (genitive plural)
mīlitī (dative singular)
mīlitibus (dative plural)
mīlitem (accusative singular)
mīlitēs (accusative plural)
mīlite (ablative singular)
mīlitibus (ablative plural)
mīles (singular vocative)
mīlitēs (plural vocative)

→ Italian: milite

→ Piedmontese: mìlit

→ Portuguese: mílite

Romanian: mire (uncertain)

→ Spanish: mílite

→ Welsh: milwr

Unknown. Possibly of Etruscan origin. The suffix seems similar to that of pedes, eques, veles, comes, but the origin of mīl- is opaque. A connection to mīlia (“thousands”), perhaps as "person going by the thousand(s)", is difficult to confidently motivate semantically.

A man in boardgames such as ludus latrunculi and chess.


dado

From a Vulgar Latin *dadu, of uncertain origin; perhaps from Arabic أَعْدَاد (ʔaʕdād, “numbers”), or alternatively from Latin dātum. Compare Portuguese dado, Catalan dau, Italian dado. Cf. also French dé.


dado

Borrowed from Spanish dado (“die”), from Vulgar Latin *dadu, of uncertain origin; perhaps from Arabic أَعْدَاد (ʔaʕdād, “numbers”), or alternatively from Latin dātum. Compare Malay dadu. See also datos and days.


promotion

en-noun

promotion (countable and uncountable, plural promotions)

/pɹəˈmoʊʃən/

/pɹəˈməʊʃən/

Late Middle English, from Old French promocion, from Late Latin promotio, from Latin promoveo (“I move forward”).

(chess) Transformation of a pawn into a piece (by reaching the opponent's back rank).


patzer

Uncertain, but probably from German Patzer (“bungler”), from patzen.

If you have learned the principle that it is inadvisable to move the same piece twice in the opening you would probably imagine that these guys are patzers.

2004 September 5, Nigel Short, The Sunday Telegraph:

(chess, informal, derogatory) Synonym of woodpusher: a bad player.


donna

it-noun

donnétta<q:sometimes derogatory or endearing>;donnìna,donnìno<g:m><pos:also, “house-husband”>

donnùccia,donnicciòla<pos:also, “weak or gossipy man”>

donnàccola<t:common womman; gossip>,donnùcola<t:poor woman in bad conditions>,donnàcchera<t:filthy or cowardly woman>

donnàccia<t:bad-tempered woman or woman of bad habits>

donna f (plural donne, diminutive (sometimes derogatory or endearing) donnétta; donnìna or donnìno m (also, “house-husband”), augmentative donnóna or donnóne m, pejorative donnàccia (“bad-tempered woman or woman of bad habits”), derogatory donnàccola (“common womman; gossip”) or donnùcola (“poor woman in bad conditions”) or donnàcchera (“filthy or cowardly woman”), diminutive-derogatory donnùccia or donnicciòla (also, “weak or gossipy man”))

donne (plural)
donnétta (derogatory diminutive endearing sometimes)
donnóna (augmentative)
donnóne (augmentative masculine)
donnàccia (pejorative)
donnàccola (derogatory)
donnùcola (derogatory)
donnàcchera (derogatory)

→ English: donna

→ Swedish: donna

From Late Latin domna, shortened variant of Latin domina (“lady, mistress of an estate or household”), from dominus (“master”), from domus (“home”). Doublet of dama. Cognate with Sicilian donna.


paard

nl-noun

paard n (plural paarden, diminutive paardje n)

paarden (plural)
paardje (diminutive neuter)

desctree

Afrikaans: perd
→ Phuthi: ipere
→ Sotho: pere

Jersey Dutch: pêrt, pêrd

→ English: prad

From Middle Dutch pert, pāert, from Old Dutch *pered, *perid, from Proto-West Germanic *parafred, from Late Latin paraverēdus. Compare German Pferd. Doublet of palefroot.

Equus caballus
Equus caballus#Translingual

(nautical) a rope hanging beneath a spar or other horizontal beam, often fixed in place by other ropes


prophylaxis

en-noun

prophylaxis (countable and uncountable, plural prophylaxes)

From Latin, from Ancient Greek πρό (pró, “before”) + φύλαξις (phúlaxis, “a watching, guarding”).

(chess) A move or strategy that frustrates an opponent's plan or tactic.


niquer

From faire la nique, nique + -er (verb suffix).

(obsolete, dice games) to obtain what was announced on the first throw


pont

pontok (plural)
pont (nominative singular)
pontok (nominative plural)
pontot (accusative singular)
pontokat (accusative plural)
pontnak (dative singular)
pontoknak (dative plural)
ponttal (instrumental singular)
pontokkal (instrumental plural)
pontért (causal-final singular)
pontokért (causal-final plural)
ponttá (singular translative)
pontokká (plural translative)
pontig (singular terminative)
pontokig (plural terminative)
pontként (essive-formal singular)
pontokként (essive-formal plural)
pontban (inessive singular)
pontokban (inessive plural)
ponton (singular superessive)
pontokon (plural superessive)
pontnál (adessive singular)
pontoknál (adessive plural)
pontba (illative singular)
pontokba (illative plural)
pontra (singular sublative)
pontokra (plural sublative)
ponthoz (allative singular)
pontokhoz (allative plural)
pontból (elative singular)
pontokból (elative plural)
pontról (delative singular)
pontokról (delative plural)
ponttól (ablative singular)
pontoktól (ablative plural)
ponté (singular)
pontoké (plural)
pontéi (singular)
pontokéi (plural)
pontom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
pontjaim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
pontod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
pontjaid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
pontja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
pontjai (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
pontunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
pontjaink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
pontotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
pontjaitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
pontjuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
pontjaik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

Borrowed from German Punkt, from Latin punctum.

(sports, video games, board games) point (a unit of scoring in a game or competition)


transpose

en-verb

transpose (third-person singular simple present transposes, present participle transposing, simple past and past participle transposed)

transposes (present singular third-person)
transposing (participle present)
transposed (participle past)
transposed (past)

From Middle English transposen, from Old French transposer, from Latin trānspositus, perfect passive participle of trānspōnō (“to put across”), from trāns (“across”) + pōnō (“to put”).

After e6, the opening transposed to a Sicilian.

(intransitive, chess) To reach a position that may also be obtained from a different move order.


ĉevalo

eo-head

ĉevalo (accusative singular ĉevalon, plural ĉevaloj, accusative plural ĉevalojn)

ĉevalon (accusative singular)
ĉevaloj (plural)
ĉevalojn (accusative plural)


craps

From Louisiana Creole craps, a corruption of English crabs.

“As an inventor,” Bob Mason suggested, “you're a howling success at shooting craps ! If I were as free of spavins, ringbone, saddle-galls, and splints as you are, I'd have that nanny-goat in here, hog-tie her, flop her and let the boy help himself. […]”

1920, Peter B. Kyne, chapter XII, in The Understanding Heart:

Start off the dice-rollin' mats for craps to cee-lo / With side-bets, I roll a deuce, nothin' below

1994, “Memory Lane (Sittin’ in da Park)”, in Illmatic, performed by Nas:

(gambling, dice games) A game of gambling, or chance, where the players throw dice to make scores and avoid crap.


mimic

en-verb

mimic (third-person singular simple present mimics, present participle mimicking, simple past and past participle mimicked)

mimics (present singular third-person)
mimicking (participle present)
mimicked (participle past)
mimicked (past)

From Latin mīmicus, from Ancient Greek μῑμικός (mīmikós, “belonging to mimes”), from μῖμος (mîmos, “imitator, actor”); see mime.

uder

(biology, transitive) To take on the appearance of another, for protection or camouflage.

мимикрирам

biology: to take on the appearance of another, for protection or camouflage


mimic

A person who practices mimicry; especially:

An entity that mimics another entity, such as a disease that resembles another disease in its signs and symptoms; see the great imitator.


mimic

(mineralogy) Imitative; characterized by resemblance to other forms; applied to crystals which by twinning resemble simple forms of a higher grade of symmetry.


promote

en-verb

promote (third-person singular simple present promotes, present participle promoting, simple past and past participle promoted)

promotes (present singular third-person)
promoting (participle present)
promoted (participle past)
promoted (past)

From Latin prōmōtus, perfect passive participle of prōmoveō (“move forward, advance”).

Having crossed the chessboard, his pawn was promoted to a queen.

(transitive, chess) To exchange (a pawn) for a queen or other piece when it reaches the eighth rank.

umwandeln

replace a pawn by a different chess piece


liberty

en-noun

liberty (countable and uncountable, plural liberties)

From Middle English liberte, from Old French liberté, from Latin libertas (“freedom”), from liber (“free”); see liberal.

(go) An empty space next to a group of stones of the same color.


knap

en-verb

knap (third-person singular simple present knaps, present participle knapping, simple past and past participle knapped)

knaps (present singular third-person)
knapping (participle present)
knapped (participle past)
knapped (past)
knap (infinitive)

The verb is derived from Late Middle English knappen (“to strike (something)”); further etymology uncertain, probably related to Middle Dutch knappen, cnappen (“to break (something) with a sharp sound, snap; to crack or crackle”) (modern Dutch knappen), probably ultimately onomatopoeic.
The noun is derived from Late Middle English knap, knappe (“sharp blow, strike”); further etymology uncertain, possibly from the verb (see above), or related to an ancestor of Danish knep and Swedish knäpp (“a flick, rap, snap”), probably ultimately onomatopoeic.

napauttaa

(transitive) to say (something) crisply or sharply; (intransitive) to speak crisply or sharply

(gambling, chiefly dice games, obsolete) To cheat while gambling, especially at a dice game.


knap

'Tis your pence a piece, / […] / Preſto begon? or come aloft? VVhat vvay? / Doublets? or Knap? The Cog? lovv Dice? or high?

a. 1659 (date written), John Cleveland, “The Publick Faith”, in The Works of Mr. John Cleveland, […], London: […] R. Holt, for Obadiah Blagrave, […], published 1687, →OCLC, page 200:

And fights vvith Money-bags as bold, / As men vvith Sand-bags did of old: / […] Engages blind and ſenſeleſs Hap / 'Gainſt High, and Lovv, and Slur and Knap, […]

a. 1681 (date written), Samuel Butler, “Satyr”, in R[obert] Thyer, editor, The Genuine Remains in Verse and Prose of Mr. Samuel Butler, […], volume I, London: […] J[acob] and R[ichard] Tonson, […], published 1759, →OCLC, page 83, lines 45–46 and 51–52:

(figurative, gambling, chiefly dice games, obsolete) A method of cheating at a dice game.


conversion

en-noun

conversion (countable and uncountable, plural conversions)

From Middle English conversion, conversioun, borrowed from Anglo-Norman conversion, from Latin conversiō, from convertō.

обръщане

the act of having converted something or someone

המרת דת

to replace one religious faith with another

(rugby) A free kick, after scoring a try, worth two points.

(American football) An extra point (or two) scored by kicking a field goal or carrying the ball into the end zone after scoring a touchdown.

(marketing) An online advertising performance metric representing a visitor performing whatever the intended result of an ad is defined to be.

(linguistics) The process whereby a new word is created without changing the form, often by allowing the word to function as a new part of speech.

szófajváltás

linguistics: the process whereby a new word is created without changing the form

(obsolete) The act of turning round; revolution; rotation.

(slang, board games) Changing a miniature figure into another character, usually by mixing different parts, or molding the model's parts, or doing both.


chow

Phono-semantic matching of Chinese 吃 (chī, literally “to eat”), influenced by the “food” sense of Etymology 1 above.

psm

(mahjong) A run of three consecutive tiles of the same suit.


chow

en-verb

chow (third-person singular simple present chows, present participle chowing, simple past and past participle chowed)

chows (present singular third-person)
chowing (participle present)
chowed (participle past)
chowed (past)

[…] while the adversary on his right will repeatedly bury in the discard the very tiles he wishes to chow but can't.

2007, Eleanor Noss Whitney, A Mah Jong Handbook: How to Play, Score, and Win, page 154:

(mahjong) To call a discarded tile to produce a chow.


zwischenzug

From German Zwischenzug, from zwischen (“between”) + Zug (“move”).

2002, Eric Schiller, Standard Chess Openings, second edition, Cardoza Publishing, New York; Game (132).
After 12.g4 Be6; Black's 11th move becomes a zwischenzug to provoke another White pawn weakness.

(chess) A tactical move which interrupts the execution of the current plan.


oware

(games) A board game of the mancala family which originated in Africa, and is reputedly the oldest game in the world.


boondock

1910s during or around the Philippine–American War after the Spanish–American War, from Tagalog bundok (“mountain”), adopted by occupying American soldiers serving in the mountains or rural countryside of the American-occupied Philippines under the United States Military Government of the Philippine Islands. The term was reinforced or re-adopted during World War II under the U.S. military, where terms like boondockers (“shoes suited for rough terrain”) came originally in 1944 as U.S. services slang word for field boots. It was later shortened to boonies by 1964 originally among U.S. troops serving in the Vietnam War in reference to the rural areas of Vietnam, as opposed to Saigon.

My family has just rediscovered tiddlywinks. […] [I] haven't quite worked out the boondock!

(tiddlywinks) A shot that strikes a squopped wink and sends it flying far away.


boondock

boondock (third-person singular simple present boondocks, present participle boondocking, simple past and past participle boondocked)

boondocks (present singular third-person)
boondocking (participle present)
boondocked (participle past)
boondocked (past)

The wise winker also engages in boondocking, a defensive strategy. It involves sending an opponent's winks far from the cup.

2002, Peder Jones, Jay Farness, College Writing Skills, page 160:

(tiddlywinks) To strike a squopped wink and send it flying far away.


quad

Shortened, via clipping or abbreviation, from various English terms. Ultimately related to Latin quattuor (“4”); compare quadri-, quadruple.
The typography senses are from the abbreviation quad. for obsolete quadrat; the keyboard command comes from the verb sense.

Clipping of quadruplet (“a set of four; one of a set of four”).

(chess) A kind of round-robin tournament between four players, where each participant plays every other participant once.


on time

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-on time.wav

Smith beat Jones on time.

(chess) By a player's running out of time.


GM

en-noun

GM (countable and uncountable, plural GMs)

(countable, chess) Initialism of Grandmaster; initialism of grandmaster.


outpost

(chess) A square protected by a pawn that is in or near the enemy's stronghold.


pung

(mahjong) A set of three identical tiles.


tactic

Borrowed from New Latin tactica, from Ancient Greek τακτικός (taktikós, “fit for ordering”), from τάσσω (tássō, “to order, to arrange”).

der

(chess) A sequence of moves that limits the opponent's options and results in an immediate and tangible advantage, typically in the form of material.


probe

For verb: borrowed from Latin probare (“to test, examine, prove”), from probus (“good”). Doublet of prove.
For noun: borrowed from Late Latin proba (“a proof”), from probare (“to test, examine, prove”); Doublet of proof. Compare Spanish tienta (“a surgeon's probe”), from tentar (“try, test”); see tempt.

сонда

any of various medical instruments used to explore wounds, organs, etc

(go) A move with multiple possible answers, seeking to make the opponent choose and commit to a strategy.


reĝo

eo-head

reĝo (accusative singular reĝon, plural reĝoj, accusative plural reĝojn)

reĝon (accusative singular)
reĝoj (plural)
reĝojn (accusative plural)

→ Ido: rejo

From Latin rex, regis (“king”). Doublet of raĝo via Proto-Indo-European. Compare Interlingua rege (“king”) and Volapük reg (“queen, king”).

la trefa reĝo


matt

mati (genitive)
matti (partitive)
matt (nominative singular)
matid (nominative plural)
matt (accusative nominative singular)
matid (accusative nominative plural)
mati (accusative genitive singular)
matid (accusative genitive plural)
mati (genitive singular)
mattide (genitive plural)
matti (partitive singular)
matte (partitive plural)
mattisid (partitive plural)
matti (illative singular)
matisse (illative singular)
mattidesse (illative plural)
matesse (illative plural)
matis (inessive singular)
mattides (inessive plural)
mates (inessive plural)
matist (elative singular)
mattidest (elative plural)
matest (elative plural)
matile (allative singular)
mattidele (allative plural)
matele (allative plural)
matil (adessive singular)
mattidel (adessive plural)
matel (adessive plural)
matilt (ablative singular)
mattidelt (ablative plural)
matelt (ablative plural)
matiks (singular translative)
mattideks (plural translative)
mateks (plural translative)
matini (singular terminative)
mattideni (plural terminative)
matina (essive singular)
mattidena (essive plural)
matita (abessive singular)
mattideta (abessive plural)
matiga (comitative singular)
mattidega (comitative plural)

Ultimately from Persian شاه مات (šâh mât).


matt

head

matt (neuter singular matt, definite singular and plural matte, comparative mattere, indefinite superlative mattest, definite superlative matteste)

matt (neuter singular)
matte (definite plural singular)
mattere (comparative)
mattest (indefinite superlative)
matteste (definite superlative)


matt

matt (neuter singular matt, definite singular and plural matte, comparative mattare, indefinite superlative mattast, definite superlative mattaste)

matt (neuter singular)
matte (definite plural singular)
mattare (comparative)
mattast (indefinite superlative)
mattaste (definite superlative)


matt

matt (comparative mattare, superlative mattast)

mattare (comparative)
mattast (superlative)
matt (indefinite positive)
mattare (comparative indefinite)
mattast (indefinite superlative)
matt (indefinite neuter positive singular)
mattare (comparative indefinite neuter singular)
mattast (indefinite neuter singular superlative)
matta (indefinite plural positive)
mattare (comparative indefinite plural)
mattast (indefinite plural superlative)
matte (archaic indefinite masculine plural positive)
mattare (archaic comparative indefinite masculine plural)
mattast (archaic indefinite masculine plural superlative)
matte (definite masculine positive singular)
mattare (comparative definite masculine singular)
mattaste (definite masculine singular superlative)
matta (definite positive)
mattare (comparative definite)
mattaste (definite superlative)

(chess) checkmate, in the phrase göra någon matt


tuli

tule (genitive)
tuld (partitive)
tuli (nominative singular)
tuled (nominative plural)
tuli (accusative nominative singular)
tuled (accusative nominative plural)
tule (accusative genitive singular)
tuled (accusative genitive plural)
tule (genitive singular)
tulede (genitive plural)
tuld (partitive singular)
tulesid (partitive plural)
tulle (illative singular)
tulesse (illative singular)
tuledesse (illative plural)
tules (inessive singular)
tuledes (inessive plural)
tulest (elative singular)
tuledest (elative plural)
tulele (allative singular)
tuledele (allative plural)
tulel (adessive singular)
tuledel (adessive plural)
tulelt (ablative singular)
tuledelt (ablative plural)
tuleks (singular translative)
tuledeks (plural translative)
tuleni (singular terminative)
tuledeni (plural terminative)
tulena (essive singular)
tuledena (essive plural)
tuleta (abessive singular)
tuledeta (abessive plural)
tulega (comitative singular)
tuledega (comitative plural)

From Proto-Finnic *tuli, from Proto-Uralic *tule.


chevalier

fro-noun

chevalier oblique singular, m (oblique plural chevaliers, nominative singular chevaliers, nominative plural chevalier)

chevalier oblique singular or (canonical masculine)
chevaliers (oblique plural)
chevaliers (nominative singular)
chevalier (nominative plural)

Middle French: chevalier

French: chevalier

Norman: quevalier

Picard: cvalier

Bourguignon: chevaulei

desctree

→ Middle English: chivaler, chevaler, chevalere, chevalier, chevaller, chevelere, chyvaler, chyvalour
English: chevalier (remodelled after modern French)

From Late Latin caballārius, from Latin caballus. Compare Old Occitan cavalier.


king's pawn

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-king's pawn.wav

(chess) A pawn on the E file, where the kings start the game.


benjamin

After French Scrabble player Benjamin Hannuna.

(Scrabble) a three-letter addition to the beginning of a word that creates another valid word, especially one that reaches a "triple word score" square


とる

ja-verb

とる • (toru) transitive godan (stem とり (tori), past とった (totta))

toru (romanization)
とり (stem)
とった (past)
とら
tora
とり
tori
とる
toru
とれ
tore
とられる (passive)
torareru (passive)
とらせる (causative)
とらす (causative)
toraseru (causative)
torasu (causative)
とれる (potential)
toreru (potential)
とろう (volitional)
torō (volitional)
とらない (negative)
toranai (negative)
とらず (continuative negative)
torazu (continuative negative)
とります (formal)
torimasu (formal)
とった (perfective)
totta (perfective)
とって (conjunctive)
totte (conjunctive)
とれば (conditional hypothetical)
toreba (conditional hypothetical)
とら (irrealis stem)
tora (irrealis stem)
とり (continuative stem)
tori (continuative stem)
とる (stem terminative)
toru (stem terminative)
とる (attributive stem)
toru (attributive stem)
とれ (realis stem)
tore (realis stem)
とれ (imperative stem)
tore (imperative stem)
とらず (negative)
torazu (negative)
とれど (contrastive)
toredo (contrastive)
とれば (causative)
toreba (causative)
とらば (conditional)
toraba (conditional)
とりき (past)
toriki (past)
とりけり (past)
torikeri (past)
とりつ (perfect)
toritu (perfect)
とりぬ (perfect)
torinu (perfect)
とれり (continuative perfect)
とりたり (continuative perfect)
toreri (continuative perfect)
toritari (continuative perfect)
とらむ (volitional)
toramu (volitional)

捕り手

policeman, art of defeating an opponent with one's bare hand

取手術

Edo period technique for arresting criminals


across the board

Originated with horse racing, where an "across the board" bet was one which covered first, second and third on the betting board.

(chess) Of a move or sequence of play, made in response to developments occurring in the game, as opposed to pre-planned or according to theory.


double check

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-double check.wav

(chess, uncountable) A check delivered by two pieces simultaneously.


mata

Antonio Pigafetta
Magellan's circumnavigation

Inherited from Proto-Philippine *mata, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *mata, from Proto-Austronesian *maCa.
First attested in Antonio Pigafetta's Relazione del primo viaggio intorno al mondo—detailing the first circumnavigation of the world between 1519 and 1522.

Pigafetta

(mahjong) the extra pair of tiles in most winning hands


desperado

en-noun

desperado (plural desperadoes or desperados)

desperadoes (plural)
desperados (plural)

/dɛspəˈɹɑːdəʊ/

From obsolete Spanish desperado, past participle of desperar, archaic form of desesperar (“to despair”), from Latin disperare (“to despair, to lose hope”), from prefix dis- + sperare (“to hope”). Doublet of desperate.

der

(chess) A piece that seems determined to give itself up, typically to bring about stalemate or perpetual check.


advisor

(xiangqi) A xiangqi piece that is moved one point diagonally and confined within the palace.