文

Characters in the same phonetic series (文) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Ideogram (指事): a man with a painted or tattooed chest – original form of 紋. The tattoo was usually a cross, a V shape or a stylized heart. In current form, tattoo has vanished, so simply an outline of a man (head, outstretched arms, legs, chest) similar to 立. Compare 大, which has no chest.
Unrelated to the Kangxi radicals 齐 and 攵.
Possibly a derivation, with -n nominal suffix, of 煤 (*mɯː) "soot (obs.), ink (obs.), coal" (Schuessler, 2007).
Semantic shift: "pattern, tattoo (made of soot)", "written glyph (made of ink)" > "literature" > "refined, cultured" (Schuessler, 2007).

Han etyl

一文


field

→ Japanese: フィールド (fīrudo)

From Middle English feeld, feld, from Old English feld, from Proto-West Germanic *felþu, from Proto-Germanic *felþuz (“field”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *pleh₂- (“field, plain”) or *pleth₂- (“flat”) (with schwebeablaut).
Cognate with Scots feld, feild (“field”), North Frisian fjild (“field”), West Frisian fjild (“field”), Dutch veld (“field”), German Feld (“field”), Swedish fält (“field”). Related also to Old English folde (“earth, land, territory”), Old English folm (“palm of the hand”). More at fold.

veld

land area free of woodland, cities, and towns; open country

fushë

sports: area reserved for playing a game

Euclidean domain ⊂ principal ideal domain ⊂ unique factorization domain

Noetherian domain ⊂ integral domain ⊂ commutative ring

Any of various figurative meanings, often dead metaphors.

A physical or virtual location for the input of information in the form of symbols.

(numismatics) The part of a coin left unoccupied by the main device.


仙

*僊
仚
屳
㒨
僲
𠑗
𠏡
銑

五仙硬幣

五仙硬币

He is a son born out of wedlock, so when his dad died, he didn't even inherit one cent.

keoi⁵ hai⁶ si¹ sang¹ zi², keoi⁵ lou⁵ dau⁶ sei² go² zan⁶ jat¹ go³ sin¹ dou¹ mou⁵ fan¹ bei² keoi⁵.

佢係私生子，佢老豆死嗰陣一個仙都冇分畀佢。

佢系私生子，佢老豆死嗰阵一个仙都冇分畀佢。

(Cantonese, Southern Min, Malaysian and Singapore Mandarin) cent (Classifier: 個／个 c)


dank

en-adj

dank (comparative danker, superlative dankest)

danker (comparative)
dankest (superlative)

From Middle English danke (“wet, damp; dampness, moisture”), probably from North Germanic, related to Swedish dank (“marshy spot”), Icelandic dökk (“pool”), Old Norse dǫkk (“pit, depression”), from Proto-Germanic *dankwaz (“dark”). However, some trace it to a West Germanic source such as Dutch damp (“vapor”) or Middle High German damph, both ultimately from Proto-Germanic *dampaz (“smoke, steam, vapor”).

cog

The dank cave was chilly and spooky.

Now that the fields are dank and ways are mire.

1646 (indicated as 1645), John Milton, Poems of Mr. John Milton, […], London: […] Ruth Raworth for Humphrey Mosely, […], →OCLC:

Cheerless watches on the cold, dank ground.

1835, Richard Chenevix Trench, The Story of Justin Martyr:

Who were the strugglers, what war did they wage, / Whose savage trample thus could pad the dank / Soil to a plash? [...]

1855, Robert Browning, Childe Roland to the Dark Tower Came, section XXII:

It's a world away from the dank and uninviting St Pancras that British Rail wanted to tear down in the 1960s.

2022 November 30, Nick Brodrick, “Pride and innovation shine at St Pancras”, in RAIL, number 971, page 69:

That was dank bud.

(figuratively, of marijuana) Moist and sticky, (by extension) highly potent.


dank

(historical) A small silver coin formerly used in Persia.


dank

dank (nominative singular)
danka (dual nominative)
danki (nominative plural)
danka (genitive singular)
dankowu (dual genitive)
dankow (genitive plural)
dankoju (dative singular)
dankoma (dative dual)
dankam (dative plural)
dank (accusative singular)
danka (accusative dual)
danki (accusative plural)
dankom (instrumental singular)
dankoma (dual instrumental)
dankami (instrumental plural)
danku (locative singular)
dankoma (dual locative)
dankach (locative plural)


pipe

English: pipe (see there for further descendants)

Scots: pipe

Yola: peeps (plural)

Inherited from Old English pīpe, from Proto-West Germanic *pīpā; reinforced by Vulgar Latin *pīpa; some senses are from Old French pipe.

A record of a payment or audit acting as part of the Pipe Rolls.


ALV

(taxation) Initialism of arvonlisävero.; (British) VAT, (Canada and US) sales tax, (Australia and New Zealand) GST


mark

From German Mark, from Middle High German marc, marche, marke, from Old High German marc, from Proto-West Germanic *mark (whence etymology 2 via Old English marc). The identical plural is also from German.

Aus der Geschichte der menschlichen Dummheit. By Dr. Max Kemmerich. Price 3 mark 50 pfennige. Bavaria: Verlag Albert Langen, Munich.

1928 November, “Reviews”, in The Occult Review, volume XLVIII, number 5, London: Rider & Co., page 356:

(historical) A former currency of Germany and West Germany.


mark

is-noun

mark n (genitive singular marks, nominative plural mörk)

marks (genitive singular)
mörk (nominative plural)
mark (indefinite nominative singular)
markið (definite nominative singular)
mörk (indefinite nominative plural)
mörkin (definite nominative plural)
mark (accusative indefinite singular)
markið (accusative definite singular)
mörk (accusative indefinite plural)
mörkin (accusative definite plural)
marki (dative indefinite singular)
markinu (dative definite singular)
mörkum (dative indefinite plural)
mörkunum (dative definite plural)
marks (genitive indefinite singular)
marksins (definite genitive singular)
marka (genitive indefinite plural)
markanna (definite genitive plural)

From Old Norse mark, from Proto-Germanic *marką.


mark

head

mark f (definite singular marka, indefinite plural merker or (currency) mark, definite plural merker)

marka (definite singular)
merker (indefinite plural)
mark (indefinite plural)
merker (definite plural)

any of various European monetary units, including in Finland (1861-1999) and Germany (1948-1999)

(numismatics, historical) an old Norwegian coin

a mark
an old Norwegian coin
a coin worth 8 øre

(19th century) a coin worth 24 shillings or 1/5 taler

a mark
an old Norwegian coin
a coin worth 24 shillings or 1/5 taler

det kosta 50 mark


mark

mark (indefinite nominative singular)
marks (genitive indefinite singular)
marken (definite nominative singular)
markens (definite genitive singular)
marker (indefinite nominative plural)
markers (genitive indefinite plural)
markerna (definite nominative plural)
markernas (definite genitive plural)

From Old Swedish mark, from Old Norse mǫrk, from Proto-Germanic *markō, from Proto-Indo-European *marǵ- (“edge, boundary, border”). Cognate with Latin margo (“border, edge”), Old Irish mruig, bruig (“border, march”).


圜

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷraːn, *ɡʷen): semantic 囗 (“circle”) + phonetic 睘 (OC *ɡʷeŋ).

Han compound

(numismatics) South Korean hwan (in circulation from February 15, 1953 to June 9, 1962)

(numismatics) won (currency of North or South Korea)


圜

ko-hanja

圜 • (won, hwan) (hangeul 원, 환, revised won, hwan, McCune–Reischauer wŏn, hwan)

won (romanization)
hwan (romanization)
원 (hangeul)
환 (hangeul)
won (revised)
hwan (revised)
wŏn (McCune-Reischauer)
hwan (McCune-Reischauer)


包

Sino-Xenic (包):
* → Vietnamese: bao (包)

→ English: bao, bau, bow, pao, pau

⇒ Khmer: នំប៉ាវ (num paaw)

⇒ Lao: ກະລາເປົ໋າ (ka lā pao)

→ Malay: pau

⇒ Thai: ซาลาเปา (saa-laa-bpao)

Pictogram (象形) – a fetus (巳 (sì)) in the womb (勹), or a swaddled baby. Shuowen gives both interpretations.

(Malaysia, Singapore, slang) Short for 打包 (dǎbāo, “to take away (food)”).

Alternative form: 飽／饱

叉燒包／叉烧包 ― chāshāobāo ― char siu bao

小籠包／小笼包 ― xiǎolóngbāo ― xiaolongbao

Alternative form: 飽／饱

麵包／面包

漢堡包／汉堡包

Eating bread guarantees you to feel full

食包包食飽

食包包食饱

(food) bun; bread (any small baked good)


分

desc

→ Thai: หุน (hǔn, “a unit of length and weight”)

→ Zhuang: faen

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意): 八 (“to separate”) + 刀 (“knife”) – to separate with a knife.

Han compound

Obsolete. 皮 is used for SI prefix pico-.

(economy, numismatics) 0.01 yuan (or dollars, etc.); fen; cent


圓

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (圓):
* → Japanese: 円(えん) (en)
* → Korean: 원(圓) (won)

⇒ Khmer: នំអ៊ី (num ʼii, “tangyuan”)

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢon): semantic 囗 + phonetic 員 (OC *ɢon, *ɢun).
Borrowed from Tocharian B wänt-, Tocharian A wänt- (“to envelop, to surround”).

bor

alt. forms: 元 (yuán)


rupee

Coined by Sher Shah Suri, the Sultan of the Suri Empire 1540–1545 as Hindustani रुपीया / رُوپِییَہ (rūpīya), variant of रुपया / رُوپَیَہ (rūpaya, “rupee”), from Sanskrit रूप्यक (rūpyaka, “silver coin”), from रूप्य (rūpya, “wrought gold or silver; stamped coin; beautiful, well-shaped; impressed, stamped”). Doublet of rufiyaa and rupiah.

der

In fact, the visible appearance of the iron is a symbol; it is not what it ultimately is. To take an analogy we are given a ten-rupee note. He knows it truly who at sight recognizes the piece of paper as a symbol of unity that represents ten separate silver coins.

1937, Rabindranath Tagore, “Lecture II: Supreme Man”, in Man: Lectures Delivered at the Andhra University under the Terms of the Sir Alladi Krishnaswamy Endowment (Andhra University Series; no. 16), Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh: Kitabistan, published 1946, →OCLC, pages 37–38:

In the fifth and sixth [standard] I obtained scholarships of rupees four and ten respectively, an achievement for which I have to thank good luck more than my merit.

1948, Mohandas K[aramchand] Gandhi, “At the High School”, in Mahadev Desai, transl., Gandhi’s Autobiography, or, The Story of My Experiments with Truth, Washington, D.C.: Public Affairs Press, →OCLC; reprinted as An Autobiography; or The Story of My Experiments with Truth, New York, N.Y.: Dover Publications, 2007, →ISBN, page 12:

There are no precise estimates available about the capital requirements of agricultural and rural development in India. But the amount required is in hundreds of thousands of crores of rupees.

1999, Katar Singh, “Financing Rural Development”, in Rural Development: Principles, Policies and Management, 2nd edition, New Delhi: SAGE Publications, published 2005, →ISBN, page 290:

The Seychelles rupee was allowed to depreciate in 2006 after being overvalued for years and fell by 10% in the first 9 months of 2007. Despite these actions, the Seychelles economy has struggled to maintain its gains and in 2008 suffered from food and oil price shocks, a foreign exchange shortage, high inflation, large financing gaps, and the global recession.

2013, “Strategic and Development Profiles”, in Seychelles Business Law Handbook, volumes 1 (Strategic Information and Basic Laws), Washington, D.C.: International Business Publications, →ISBN, page 15:

The common name for the monetary currencies used in modern India, Mauritius, Nepal, Pakistan, the Seychelles, or Sri Lanka.

paisa (1

modern Indian, Nepali, & Pakistani currencies

The only Evidence that was produced by the [East India] Company, was, a letter from Samuel Annesley, at Surrat, dated the 16th January 1694; wherein he gives this Account: Rupees. 655,000. Sent home as Cargo in the Ships Defence and Resolution.

1695 March 17, “East India Stock and Debts [marginal note]”, in Journals of the House of Commons. From November the 7th 1693, in the Fifth Year of the Reign of King William and Queen Mary, to November the 3rd 1697, in the Ninth Year of the Reign of King William the Third, London: Re-printed by Order of the House of Commons, published 1803, →OCLC, page 519, column 2:

The roupie, as the French write it, roupee, or rupee, as it is ſpelt in our authors, is a ſilver coin, ſomething broader than one of our ſhillings, and much thicker; in point of fineneſs, it is better than the Engliſh ſtandard; for its weight is 7 dwt. 11 gr. which, reduced to our ſtandard, would be 7 dwt. 13 mt. ²⁄₂²⁄₆¹⁄₆³⁄₄.

1759, George Sale et al., “Sect. IX. An Historical Account of the French Commerce at Mocha, Bassora, Surat, on the Coast of Malabar and Coromandel; […]”, in The Modern Part of An Universal History, from the Earliest Account of Time. Compiled from Original Writers, volume XI, London: Printed for S[amuel] Richardson [et al.], →OCLC, footnote H, page 181:

How much do you pay for a wife? Nine rupees and a half. / Why don't you give ten? It is not our custom. / Do you ever pay a smaller sum for a wife than nine rupees and a half? Sometimes, we conclude the bargain for eight rupees.

1841 April 17, John Wilson, “Art. III.—Account of the Wáralís and Kátodís,—Two of the Forest Tribes of the Northern Konkan”, in The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, volume VII, London: John W[illiam] Parker, West Strand, →OCLC, page 19:

(historical) A silver coin circulating in India between the 16th and 20th centuries, weighing one tola (formerly 170–180 troy grains; from 1833, 180 troy grains).

(video games) The primary currency of Hyrule.


捐

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (捐):
* → Vietnamese: quyên (捐)

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɢʷen): semantic 扌 (“hand”) + phonetic 肙 (OC *qʷeːns).
The pronunciations in many varieties with velar plosive or palatal affricate initial are from 蠲 (MC kwen) (Li, 1988).


桐

From Old Japanese. The tree may have been imported from China prior to the Nara period.
The term might be from 切り (kiri, “cutting”), from the way that the tree is quick to send out shoots after being cut.
Some sources also speculate that this might be from some term 木理 (*kiri, “wood grain”) in reference to the desirable grain of this wood. However, 木理 is only attested with the reading mokuri, not kiri; also, the term is not attested until the 1830s, before which the Japanese terms for wood grain were 木目 (mokume, from the mid-1500s) or 木目 (kime, from the 1200s).


法

法 (canonical)
hō (romanization)
fafu (romanization)
はふ (hiragana historical)

From Middle Chinese 法 (MC pjop). Originally, the kan'on was はふ (fafu), and the goon was ほふ (fofu), although both became ほう (hō) in modern Japanese. It is suggested that the kan'on was used in the general senses, while the goon was used in Buddhist contexts.


盾

Pictogram (象形) — a shield (in the oracle bone script). Note that under the 𠂆 is not 直 - one less stroke here. See also 古, perhaps a differentiation of 盾.
; “shield”
; “dong”
; “guilder; gulden; rupiah”


PHP

(international standards) ISO 4217 currency code for the Philippine peso.


PS

(Late Latin, money) Abbreviation of pustulatum, pusulatum.


税

From Middle Chinese 稅 (MC sywejH). First cited in Japanese to a portion of the Shoku Nihongi dated to 719.

tax, duty, customs (money paid to the government)

消費税

consumption tax, value added tax, goods and services tax


税

Daijisen#Online_search_engines
Engishiki
Nihon Kokugo Daijiten
ja:延喜式

Shift in sense from 力 (chikara, “strength”), implying "that which is produced from strength".
First cited in the 延喜式 (Engishiki) of 927.

(historical, archaic) general term for items presented by the people to the state: tribute, taxes


稅

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (稅):
* → Japanese: 税(ぜい) (zei)
* → Korean: 세(稅) (se)
* → Vietnamese: thuế (稅)

desctree

→ Thai: ส่วย (sùai)
→ Northern Thai: ᩈ᩠ᩅ᩠᩵ᨿ
→ Lao: ສ່ວຍ (suāi)
→ Lü: ᦉᦽᧈ (ṡoy¹)

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *hljods): semantic 禾 + phonetic 兌 (OC *l'oːds).

Han compound

加稅

加税

The government has expressly declared a plan to lower taxes.

Zhèngfǔ míngquè xuānbù le jiàng shuì de yìtú.

政府明確宣布了降稅的意圖。

政府明确宣布了降税的意图。


đô la

[ʔɗo˧˧ laː˧˧]

[ʔɗow˧˧ laː˧˧]

[ʔɗow˧˧ laː˧˧]

From French dollar, from English dollar.

đô-la Mĩ/Ca-na-đa


ADP

(international standards, historical) ISO 4217 currency code for the former Andorran peseta; a currency used from 1983 to 2003.


財

/t͡sʰɔːi̯²¹/

/t͡sʰɔːi̯²¹/

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *zlɯː): semantic 貝 (“shell”) + phonetic 才 (OC *zlɯː, *zlɯːs). 才 is also a reference to one's abilities, hence intellectual resources; in this particular syllable, the abilities are probably thought as financial possibilities and resources.

Han compound

A nobleman makes fortune in a noble way.

君子愛財，取之有道。

君子爱财，取之有道。


legend

en-noun

legend (countable and uncountable, plural legends)

From Middle English legende, from Old French legende, from Medieval Latin legenda (“a legend, story, especially the lives of the saints”), from Latin legenda (“things which ought to be read”), from lego (“I read”).

legende

any person of extraordinary accomplishment

The legend of Troy was discovered to have a historical basis.

An unrealistic story depicting past events.

A story of unknown origin describing plausible but extraordinary past events.

legende

the legend of Robin Hood

A plausible story set in the historical past, but whose historicity is uncertain.

The 1984 Rose Bowl prank has spawned many legends. Here's the real story.

A story in which a kernel of truth is embellished to an unlikely degree.

I've lost my pen! —Here mate, borrow mine. —You legend.

A person related to a legend or legends.

A person of extraordinary fame or accomplishments.

(UK, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, colloquial, slang) A cool, nice or helpful person, especially one who is male.

[…]there were three small brass coins there, the gift of Ymar. Their legends, like their faces, had worn away; and they were dark with verdigris — in appearance precisely the ancient things they were.

1987, Gene Wolfe, chapter XLVIII, in The Urth of the New Sun, 1st US edition, New York: Tor Books, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 281:

(numismatics, heraldry) An inscription, motto, or title, especially one surrounding the field in a medal or coin, or placed upon a heraldic shield or beneath an engraving or illustration.


貫

貫 (canonical)
kan (romanization)
kwan (romanization)
くわん (hiragana historical)


munt

nl-noun

munt f (plural munten, diminutive muntje n)

munten (plural)
muntje (diminutive neuter)

Negerhollands: mynt

From Middle Dutch munte, from Old Dutch munita, from late Proto-West Germanic *munit (“coin”).


角

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (角):
* → Japanese: 角(かく) (kaku)
* → Korean: 각(角) (gak)
* → Vietnamese: giác (角)

→ Khmer: កាក់ (kak)
→ English: kak

→ Thai: กั๊ก (gák)

→ Vietnamese: góc

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑʊ̯²¹⁴/

Characters in the same phonetic series (角) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
Pictogram (象形) – a horn. A conservative version is 𧢲. Similar but unrelated to 甬, 用, and the bottom part of 備.
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *krəw (“horn; angle; corner”) (STEDT). Cognate with Tibetan རྭ (rwa, “horn”), Garo grong (“horn”), Jingpho nrung (“horn”), Chepang रोङः (roŋʔ, “horn”), 觡 (OC *kraːɡ, “antler”). The Tibeto-Burman *-ŋ final variant is reflected in 觥 (OC *kʷraːŋ, “drinking vessel made from animal horn”) (Schuessler, 2007). Possibly also related to 鹿 (OC *b·roːɡ, “deer”) (Sagart, 1999).
A derivative is 餃 (“stuffed dumpling”), named for its horn-like shape (Norman, 1988).
It is probably unrelated with Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥h₂nós (“horn”) ( < *ḱerh₂- (“horn”)) and Proto-Semitic *ḳarn- (“horn”) despite the phonological and semantic resemblance between the three.

och-l

(numismatics) one tenth of a yuan or dollar


NPR

(international standards) ISO 4217 currency code for the Nepalese rupee.


ADA

La fornitura di ADA attualmente in circolazione ammonta a 25.927.070.538 unità, mentre la fornitura totale è fissata a 31.112.483.745 ADA. Il prezzo di un ADA nel periodo di raccolta dei giudizi di somiglianza (Marzo-Aprile) si attesta a quasi 0,2 $ (coinmarketcap.com).

2017–2018, Federico Spitaleri, Definizione di mappe percettive delle criptovalute con maggiore capitalizzazione attraverso l’utilizzo del multidimensional scaling (thesis; in Italian), Luiss Guido Carli, archived from the original on 2022-06-07, page 38:

En estas fechas escogidas vemos la evolución que ha tenido ADA de 1 enero de 2021 a un precio de 0,14 euros por ADA y su máximo histórico se sitúa sobre 2,03 euros por ADA a 16 mayo de 2021.

2021, J.W. Benazco Ángel, G. García Machiñena Morell, Proyecto Cardano, tercera generación de criptomonedas (thesis; in Spanish), University of La Laguna, page 15:

(international standards) Unofficial non-ISO 4217 currency code for the cryptocurrency Cardano.


鈁

Perhaps from Indonesian kupang or Malay wang.

1941, 林耀真 / Lim Jauw Tjin, 國語羅馬字初步 / ABC Romanisatie Tionghoa Baroe, page unknown (copyright page):

定價七鈁半

定价七钫半

(Indonesia, historical) 1/10 of a guilder (Dutch currency)


銭

Cognate to Kumamoto ぜん (zen) "money, coins"; and standard Japanese 銭 (zeni, “coin (worth a hundredth of a yen)”).


XXX

From the reduplication of X (“a placeholder for any letter or word”).
The currency code was adopted in October 1976 and officially introduced in 1978 with ISO 4217 by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).

rdp

(international standards) Reserved ISO 4217 currency code representing 'no currency', to be assigned when a code is required for a transaction that does not involve currency.


mint

From Middle English mynt, münet (“money, coin”), from Old English mynet (“coin”), from late Proto-West Germanic *munit, from Latin monēta (“place for making coins, coined money”), from the temple of Juno Moneta (named for Monēta mother of the Muses), where coins were made. Doublet of money and manat.
The verb is from the noun; Old English mynetian (“to mint”) is a parallel formation.

der

A building or institution where money (originally, only coins) is produced under government licence.


mint

en-verb

mint (third-person singular simple present mints, present participle minting, simple past and past participle minted)

mints (present singular third-person)
minting (participle present)
minted (participle past)
minted (past)

Coordinate term: mine

Beeple’s collaged JPG was made, or “minted,” in February as a “nonfungible token,” or NFT.

2021 March 11, Scott Reyburn, “JPG File Sells for $69 Million, as ‘NFT Mania’ Gathers Pace”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(transitive, cryptocurrencies) To create a crypto token.


mint

(numismatics) In near-perfect condition; uncirculated.

(UK, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, slang) Attractive; beautiful; handsome.


錢

CJKV/code

Sino-Xenic (錢):
* → Japanese: 銭(せん) (sen, “mace”)
* → Korean: 전(錢) (jeon, “mace”)
* → Vietnamese: tiền (錢, “money”)

→ English: Qian, Chien, Tsien, Chin

→ Proto-Hmong-Mien: *dzi̯en (“money”)

→ Thai: สิน (sǐn, “money”)

→ Malay: ci (“mace”)

→ Mongolian: цэн (cen)

→ Zhuang: cienz (“money; coin; mace”)

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɑɻ³⁵/

/t͡sʰiːn²¹⁻³⁵/

/tʰen²²⁻²²⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn³⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi̯ɑɻ³⁵/

/t͡sʰiːn²¹⁻³⁵/

/tʰen²²⁻²²⁵/

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔslenʔ, *zlen): semantic 金 (“metal; gold; money”) + phonetic 戔 (OC *zlaːn).

Han compound

古錢

古钱

銅錢

铜钱


tolar

en-noun

tolar (plural tolars or tolarjev or tolarji)

tolars (plural)
tolarjev (plural)
tolarji (plural)

From Slovene tolar, from German Taler (“made in Joachimstal”). Doublet of dollar and thaler.

(historical) A state currency formerly used by the Republic of Slovenia between 1991 and 2006, divided into 100 stotins.


GST

goods and services tax
goods and services tax#English

(taxation) Initialism of goods and services tax. (Australia, New Zealand, Canada, India)

goods and sales tax
goods and sales tax#English

(taxation) Initialism of goods and sales tax. (state of Victoria in Australia, formerly in Canada)


afghani

Borrowed from Classical Persian افغانی (afğānī), derivative of افغان (afğān).

bor+

Laila hoped to have a thousand afghanis or more stowed away, half of which would go to the bus fare from Kabul to Peshawar.

2007, Khaled Hosseini, A Thousand Splendid Suns, BLOOMSBURY PUBLISHING (2018), page 241:

The monetary currency of Afghanistan, divided into 100 pul.


markka

Borrowed from Finnish markka, from a Germanic language, likely German Mark. Doublet of mark.

A (Finnish) mark, the currency used in Finland before the introduction of the euro, consisting of 100 penni. Abbreviation FIM.


markka

markka (nominative singular)
markat (nominative plural)
markka (accusative nominative singular)
markat (accusative nominative plural)
markan (accusative genitive singular)
markat (accusative genitive plural)
markan (genitive singular)
markkojen (genitive plural)
markkain (genitive plural rare)
markkaa (partitive singular)
markkoja (partitive plural)
markassa (inessive singular)
markoissa (inessive plural)
markasta (elative singular)
markoista (elative plural)
markkaan (illative singular)
markkoihin (illative plural)
markalla (adessive singular)
markoilla (adessive plural)
markalta (ablative singular)
markoilta (ablative plural)
markalle (allative singular)
markoille (allative plural)
markkana (essive singular)
markkoina (essive plural)
markaksi (singular translative)
markoiksi (plural translative)
markatta (abessive singular)
markoitta (abessive plural)
markoin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
markkani (nominative singular)
markkani (nominative plural)
markkani (accusative nominative singular)
markkani (accusative nominative plural)
markkani (accusative genitive singular)
markkani (accusative genitive plural)
markkani (genitive singular)
markkojeni (genitive plural)
markkaini (genitive plural rare)
markkaani (partitive singular)
markkojani (partitive plural)
markassani (inessive singular)
markoissani (inessive plural)
markastani (elative singular)
markoistani (elative plural)
markkaani (illative singular)
markkoihini (illative plural)
markallani (adessive singular)
markoillani (adessive plural)
markaltani (ablative singular)
markoiltani (ablative plural)
markalleni (allative singular)
markoilleni (allative plural)
markkanani (essive singular)
markkoinani (essive plural)
markakseni (singular translative)
markoikseni (plural translative)
markattani (abessive singular)
markoittani (abessive plural)
markkoineni (comitative plural)
markkasi (nominative singular)
markkasi (nominative plural)
markkasi (accusative nominative singular)
markkasi (accusative nominative plural)
markkasi (accusative genitive singular)
markkasi (accusative genitive plural)
markkasi (genitive singular)
markkojesi (genitive plural)
markkaisi (genitive plural rare)
markkaasi (partitive singular)
markkojasi (partitive plural)
markassasi (inessive singular)
markoissasi (inessive plural)
markastasi (elative singular)
markoistasi (elative plural)
markkaasi (illative singular)
markkoihisi (illative plural)
markallasi (adessive singular)
markoillasi (adessive plural)
markaltasi (ablative singular)
markoiltasi (ablative plural)
markallesi (allative singular)
markoillesi (allative plural)
markkanasi (essive singular)
markkoinasi (essive plural)
markaksesi (singular translative)
markoiksesi (plural translative)
markattasi (abessive singular)
markoittasi (abessive plural)
markkoinesi (comitative plural)
markkamme (nominative singular)
markkamme (nominative plural)
markkamme (accusative nominative singular)
markkamme (accusative nominative plural)
markkamme (accusative genitive singular)
markkamme (accusative genitive plural)
markkamme (genitive singular)
markkojemme (genitive plural)
markkaimme (genitive plural rare)
markkaamme (partitive singular)
markkojamme (partitive plural)
markassamme (inessive singular)
markoissamme (inessive plural)
markastamme (elative singular)
markoistamme (elative plural)
markkaamme (illative singular)
markkoihimme (illative plural)
markallamme (adessive singular)
markoillamme (adessive plural)
markaltamme (ablative singular)
markoiltamme (ablative plural)
markallemme (allative singular)
markoillemme (allative plural)
markkanamme (essive singular)
markkoinamme (essive plural)
markaksemme (singular translative)
markoiksemme (plural translative)
markattamme (abessive singular)
markoittamme (abessive plural)
markkoinemme (comitative plural)
markkanne (nominative singular)
markkanne (nominative plural)
markkanne (accusative nominative singular)
markkanne (accusative nominative plural)
markkanne (accusative genitive singular)
markkanne (accusative genitive plural)
markkanne (genitive singular)
markkojenne (genitive plural)
markkainne (genitive plural rare)
markkaanne (partitive singular)
markkojanne (partitive plural)
markassanne (inessive singular)
markoissanne (inessive plural)
markastanne (elative singular)
markoistanne (elative plural)
markkaanne (illative singular)
markkoihinne (illative plural)
markallanne (adessive singular)
markoillanne (adessive plural)
markaltanne (ablative singular)
markoiltanne (ablative plural)
markallenne (allative singular)
markoillenne (allative plural)
markkananne (essive singular)
markkoinanne (essive plural)
markaksenne (singular translative)
markoiksenne (plural translative)
markattanne (abessive singular)
markoittanne (abessive plural)
markkoinenne (comitative plural)
markkansa (nominative singular)
markkansa (nominative plural)
markkansa (accusative nominative singular)
markkansa (accusative nominative plural)
markkansa (accusative genitive singular)
markkansa (accusative genitive plural)
markkansa (genitive singular)
markkojensa (genitive plural)
markkainsa (genitive plural rare)
markkaansa (partitive singular)
markkojaan (partitive plural)
markkojansa (partitive plural)
markassaan (inessive singular)
markassansa (inessive singular)
markoissaan (inessive plural)
markoissansa (inessive plural)
markastaan (elative singular)
markastansa (elative singular)
markoistaan (elative plural)
markoistansa (elative plural)
markkaansa (illative singular)
markkoihinsa (illative plural)
markallaan (adessive singular)
markallansa (adessive singular)
markoillaan (adessive plural)
markoillansa (adessive plural)
markaltaan (ablative singular)
markaltansa (ablative singular)
markoiltaan (ablative plural)
markoiltansa (ablative plural)
markalleen (allative singular)
markallensa (allative singular)
markoilleen (allative plural)
markoillensa (allative plural)
markkanaan (essive singular)
markkanansa (essive singular)
markkoinaan (essive plural)
markkoinansa (essive plural)
markakseen (singular translative)
markaksensa (singular translative)
markoikseen (plural translative)
markoiksensa (plural translative)
markattaan (abessive singular)
markattansa (abessive singular)
markoittaan (abessive plural)
markoittansa (abessive plural)
markkoineen (comitative plural)
markkoinensa (comitative plural)

From Proto-Finnic *markka, borrowed from Proto-Norse [Term?] or directly from Proto-Germanic *marką.

convertible mark
convertible mark#English

mark (a currency used in many European countries, notably Germany and Finland; currently in use only in Bosnia and Herzegovina, see: convertible mark)


shekel

From Hebrew שֶׁקֶל (shékel, “shekel”), from שָׁקַל (shakál, “to weigh”), from Akkadian 𒂅 (šiqlum).

"Beauty is naught to him, because there are lips more honey-sweet; and wealth is naught, because others can weigh him down with heavier shekels; and fame is naught, because there have been greater men than he."

1886 October – 1887 January, H[enry] Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., published 1887, →OCLC:

A currency unit of both ancient and modern Israel.

Her gownlet cost five hundred beans; / Her furs, four figures in a row; / Her hat removed from papa's jeans / A hundred shekels more or so.

[…] after the 1887-9 campaign was the great refuge of the destitute who, as they could not hope to rake in a breast-full of medals and decorations, expected, at any rate, to amass a good few shekels.

1924, James Alban Wilson, Sport and Service in Assam and Elsewhere, page 288:

The mob had filched anything that might earn them a shekel or two.

2018, Gerry Woodhouse, Lord Damnus: Conqueror of the World:

(historical) An ancient unit of weight equivalent to one-fiftieth of a mina.


shekel

From Hebrew שֶׁקֶל (shékel, “shekel”), from שָׁקַל (shakál, “to weigh”).


drachma

en-noun

drachma (plural drachmas or drachmae or drachmai)

drachmas (plural)
drachmae (plural)
drachmai (plural)

Borrowed from Latin drachma, from Ancient Greek δραχμή (drakhmḗ). Doublet of dram, diram, dirham, dirhem, and adarme.

doublet

2008, Philip Matyszak, Ancient Athens on Five Drachmas a Day (title of the book)

The currency of Greece in ancient times and again from 1832 until 2001, with the symbol ₯, since replaced by the euro.


drachma

la-noun

drachma f (genitive drachmae); first declension

drachmae (genitive)
drachma (nominative singular)
drachmae (nominative plural)
drachmae (genitive singular)
drachmārum (genitive plural)
drachmae (dative singular)
drachmīs (dative plural)
drachmam (accusative singular)
drachmās (accusative plural)
drachmā (ablative singular)
drachmīs (ablative plural)
drachma (singular vocative)
drachmae (plural vocative)

⇒ Late Latin: dragma (see there for further descendants)

→ Armenian: դրախմա (draxma)

→ Belarusian: дра́хма (dráxma)

→ Bulgarian: дра́хма (dráhma)

→ Catalan: dracma, drama

→ Czech: drachma

→ English: drachma

→ Faroese: drakma

→ Finnish: drakma

→ Galician: dracma

→ Gothic: 𐌳𐍂𐌰𐌺𐌼𐌰 (drakma)

→ Italian: dracma, dramma

→ Macedonian: драхма (drahma)

→ Portuguese: dracma

→ Russian: дра́хма (dráxma)

→ Serbo-Croatian: дра̀хма (dràhma)

→ Spanish: dracma

→ Ukrainian: дра́хма (dráxma)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek δραχμή (drakhmḗ).

(Classical Latin) drachma (Ancient Greek coin, one hundredth of a mina)


krona

Borrowed from Swedish krona (“crown”). Doublet of corona, crown, korona, koruna, króna, and krone.


krona

krona (nominative singular)
kronas (nominative plural)
kronu (accusative singular)
kronas (accusative plural)
kronas (genitive singular)
kronu (genitive plural)
kronai (dative singular)
kronām (dative plural)
kronu (instrumental singular)
kronām (instrumental plural)
kronā (locative singular)
kronās (locative plural)
krona (singular vocative)
kronas (plural vocative)

A borrowing from the respective Scandianavian languages: Swedish krona, Danish krone, Icelandic króna, Faroese króna, all ultimately from Latin corōna (“crown”).

piecas kronas

papīra krona

kronas kurss

grāmata maksā piecas kronas

krona (monetary units of the Scandinavian countries (Swedish krona, Danish and Norwegian krone, Icelandic króna))


krona

lt-noun

kronà f (plural krònos) stress pattern 2

kronà (canonical feminine stress-pattern-2)
krònos (plural)
kronà (nominative singular)
krònos (nominative plural)
krònos (genitive singular)
krònų (genitive plural)
krònai (dative singular)
krònoms (dative plural)
kròną (accusative singular)
kronàs (accusative plural)
kronà (instrumental singular)
krònomis (instrumental plural)
krònoje (locative singular)
krònose (locative plural)
kròna (singular vocative)
krònos (plural vocative)

krona (currencies of Denmark, Norway, Iceland and Sweden)


krona

sk-noun

krona f (genitive singular krony, nominative plural krony, genitive plural kron, declension pattern of žena)

krony (genitive singular)
krony (nominative plural)
kron (genitive plural)
žena (declension-pattern-of)
nominative
krona (singular)
krony (plural)
genitive
krony (singular)
kron (plural)
dative
krone (singular)
kronám (plural)
accusative
kronu (singular)
locative
kronách (plural)
instrumental
kronou (singular)
kronami (plural)

Derived from Swedish krona, from Latin corōna.

(numismatics) krona (currency of Sweden)


krona

krona (indefinite nominative singular)
kronas (genitive indefinite singular)
kronan (definite nominative singular)
kronans (definite genitive singular)
kronor (indefinite nominative plural)
kronors (genitive indefinite plural)
kronorna (definite nominative plural)
kronornas (definite genitive plural)

→ Estonian: kroonu

→ Finnish: kruunu

From Latin corōna, from Ancient Greek κορώνη (korṓnē). Doublet of korona and corona.

krona (the Swedish currency unit), abbreviated to kr or kr.


dam

From Middle English dam, from Old English *damm, from Proto-West Germanic *damm, from Proto-Germanic *dammaz.

(dentistry) A device to prevent a tooth from getting wet during dental work, consisting of a rubber sheet held with a band.


dam

Variant of dame. Doublet of domina and donna.

More dear […] than younglings to their dam.

1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book I, Canto X”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 52:

The dam runs lowing up and down, / Looking the way her harmless young one went.

1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies. […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene i]:

Hunters assure us, that to chuse the best dog, and which they purpose to keepe from out a litter of other young whelps, there is no better meane than the damme herselfe[…].

1603, Michel de Montaigne, chapter 12, in John Florio, transl., The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC:

she / Resolved that Juan should be quite a paragon, / And worthy of the noblest pedigree / (His sire was from Castile, his dam from Aragon)[…].

The sky was cloudless—the moon rolled across the surface like a lamb searching for its dam.

1974, Lawrence Durrell, Monsieur, Faber & Faber 1992, page 112:

Female parent, mother, generally regarding breeding of animals.


dam

Said to be possibly coined from the English phrase "I don't give a dam(n)," referring to its small worth.

[…] A small Indian coin; whence comes the saying "I don't care a dam for you," that is I don't value you a farthing, and not as generally given, "I don't care a damn" or a "curse for you." [Possibly a folk etymology.]

1839, William Holloway, A General Dictionary of Provincialisms, Written with a View to Rescue from Oblivion the Fast Fading Relics of By-gone Days, Lewes, East Sussex: Sussex Press: Printed and published by Baxter and Son, →OCLC, page 42:

(India) An obsolete Indian copper coin, equal to a fortieth of a rupee.

A former coin of Nepal, 128 of which were worth one mohar.


escudo

From Portuguese escudo (“shield”). Doublet of scutum, scute, écu, and scudo.

doublet

The state currency formerly used in Portugal, divided into 100 centavos. The symbol is $ which is positioned between the escudos & centavos, 2$50.

The currency formerly used in Chile and replaced by the Peso.


escudo

Iten digo que eu agora non teño mais debdas que a de tristam de montenegro tio da dita miña moller que me emprestou de hua vez trinta escudos e de outra seys marcos de plata

1473, Antonio López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 30:

Item, I said that at the moment I have no more debts than that with Tristán de Montenegro, my wife's uncle, who lent me thirty escudos at one time and six silver marcs on another occasion


escudo

nb-noun

escudo m (definite singular escudoen, indefinite plural escudo or escudos, definite plural escudoene)

escudoen (definite singular)
escudo (indefinite plural)
escudos (indefinite plural)
escudoene (definite plural)


escudo

→ English: escudo

From Old Galician-Portuguese escudo (“shield”), from Latin scūtum (“shield”), from Proto-Indo-European *skei- (“to cut, split”), which is an extension of *sek- (“to cut”). The name of the currency comes from the heraldic shields on the coins.

der

(historical, numismatics) escudo (obsolete Portuguese currency)


escudo

Inherited from Old Spanish escudo, from Latin scūtum, from Proto-Indo-European *skei- (“to cut, split”), an extension of *sek- (“to cut”). Cognate with English écu, scudo and escudo.

(numismatics) any of several, mostly historical, currencies including the escudo, écu, and the scudo


currency code

My foreign exchange applet knows the currency codes for all officially recognized currencies, not just USD and GBP.

A three-letter designation assigned by ISO standard 4217 denoting a given currency.


onus

la-noun

onus n (genitive oneris); third declension

oneris (genitive)
onus (nominative singular)
onera (nominative plural)
oneris (genitive singular)
onerum (genitive plural)
onerī (dative singular)
oneribus (dative plural)
onus (accusative singular)
onera (accusative plural)
onere (ablative singular)
oneribus (ablative plural)
onus (singular vocative)
onera (plural vocative)

→ Dutch: onus (learned)

→ English: onus (learned)

→ German: Onus (learned)

Italian: onere

Sicilian: òniri

Portuguese: ónus

From Proto-Italic *onos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃énh₂os, from the root *h₃enh₂-. Cognate with Sanskrit अनस् (ánas, “heavy cart; mother; birth; offspring”). See Ancient Greek ὄνομαι (ónomai, “impugn, quarrel with”).


launder

en-verb

launder (third-person singular simple present launders, present participle laundering, simple past and past participle laundered)

launders (present singular third-person)
laundering (participle present)
laundered (participle past)
laundered (past)

Contracted from Middle English lavender, from Old French lavandiere, from Late Latin lavandena, from Latin lavō (“I wash”).

(money) To disguise the source of (ill-gotten wealth) by various means.


mozzarella

en-noun

mozzarella (countable and uncountable, plural mozzarellas or mozzarelle)

mozzarellas (plural)
mozzarelle (plural)

Borrowed from Italian mozzarella, from mozzare (“to cut off”), from Latin mutilare.
The meaning of money derives from the early Bay Area hip-hop scene since early and is found for various food terms, including cheddar and cheese.

Ooh, yeah, stack that mozzarella, check a big bag / Smack it for an hour, off a thirty, let a bitch bad

2017 November 16, KirbLaGoop (lyrics and music), “I Can’t Feel My Face”, in Trapped in Da 100:

Me no rat, I get hella cheddar, I get mozzarella / Take two hundred thousand out the bank ’cause I fucked the teller

2018 November 25, “Bank Teller”, Lil Uzi Vert (lyrics), Lil Uzi Vert, Smokepurpp, and Lil Pump (music):

Tell a bank teller / This Louis my sweater / Came through with a Baretta / Stack my cheese, that mozzarella

2018 November 25, “Bank Teller”, Smokepurpp (lyrics), Lil Uzi Vert, Smokepurpp, and Lil Pump (music):

I need the cheese, mozzarella / Rainin outside, I got a Louis umbrella / She ate up my dick like Nutella / I used to be four-fourin at the bank

2019 September 13, “Diamond Tester”, in ChaseTheMoney (lyrics), K$upreme & ChaseTheMoney (music), Caught Fire:

(uncountable, slang, African-American Vernacular) Money.


salary

→ Japanese: サラリー (sararī)

From Middle English salarie, from Anglo-Norman salarie, from Old French salaire, from Latin salārium (“wages”), the neuter form of the adjective salārius (“related to salt”), from sal (“salt”). There have been various attempts to explain how the Latin term for “wages” came from the adjective “related to salt”. It is generally assumed that salārium was an abbreviation of salārium argentum (“salt money”), though that phrase is not attested. A commonly cited theory is that the phrase meant “money consisting of salt”, because Roman soldiers were sometimes paid in salt, but there is no evidence for this from ancient sources. Another is that the phrase meant “money used to buy salt [and other miscellaneous items]”.

This is hire and salary, not revenge.

c. 1599–1602 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Hamlet, Prince of Denmarke”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iii]:

Andrew Houſtoun and Adam Muſhet, being Tackſmen of the Excize, did Imploy Thomas Rue to be their Collector, and gave him a Sallary of 30. pound Sterling for a year.

1668 July 3rd, James Dalrymple, “Thomas Rue contra Andrew Houſtoun” in The Deciſions of the Lords of Council & Seſſion I (Edinburgh, 1683), page 547

I used to say to our audiences: “It is difficult to get a man understand something, when his salary depends upon his not understanding it!”

1935, Upton Sinclair, chapter XX, in I, Candidate for Governor: And How I Got Licked, page 109:

A fixed amount of money paid to a worker, usually calculated on a monthly or annual basis, not hourly, as wages. Implies a degree of professionalism and/or autonomy.

loon

fixed amount of money paid on monthly or annual basis


hash

From French hacher (“to chop”), from Middle French hacher, from Old French hacher, from Old French hache (“axe”), from Frankish *happjā (“axe”). Compare also Old English ġehæċċa (“sausage meat”, literally “that which is hacked or chopped up”).

ncog

(computing, cryptocurrencies) One guess made by a mining computer in the effort of finding the correct answer which releases the next unit of cryptocurrency; see also hashrate.


profit

profit (nominative singular)
profity (nominative plural)
profitu (genitive singular)
profitów (genitive plural)
profitowi (dative singular)
profitom (dative plural)
profit (accusative singular)
profity (accusative plural)
profitem (instrumental singular)
profitami (instrumental plural)
proficie (locative singular)
profitach (locative plural)
proficie (singular vocative)
profity (plural vocative)

(literary, accounting, economics) profit (money acquired)


US dollar

The official currency of the United States.


cash

en-noun

cash (usually uncountable, plural cashes)

→ Georgian: ქეში (keši)

→ Japanese: キャッシュ (kyasshu)

→ Korean: 캐시 (kaesi)

→ Punjabi: ਕੈਸ਼ (kaiś)

→ Russian: кэш (kɛš)

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: ке̏ш

Latin script: kȅš

→ Swedish: cash

→ Wu: 開許／开许 (¹khe-shiu)

From late Middle French caisse (“money-box”), itself borrowed from Occitan caissa, from Latin capsa (“box”), ultimately from capiō (“take, seize”), from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂p- (“grasp”). Doublet of case, chase, and chasse. Compare Spanish caja (“box”).

Paying yourself first also implies that you have some understanding of your cash flow, which means that, yes, you must set a budget.

2017, Erin Lowry, Broke Millennial, page 146:


testa

it-noun

testìna,testolìna,testicciòla<q:uncommon, usually of butchered animals>,testicciuòla<q:literary, uncommon, usually of butchered animals>

testa f (plural teste, diminutive testìna or testolìna or (uncommon, usually of butchered animals) testicciòla or (literary, uncommon, usually of butchered animals) testicciuòla, augmentative testóna or (with specialized meanings) testóne m, pejorative testàccia, derogatory testùccia)

teste (plural)
testìna (diminutive)
testolìna (diminutive)
testicciòla (diminutive uncommon usually)
testicciuòla (diminutive literary uncommon usually)
testóna (augmentative)
testóne (augmentative masculine)
testàccia (pejorative)
testùccia (derogatory)

→ Alemannic German: Teste

→ Spanish: testa

From Latin testa. The semantic development is earthen pot → skull → head.


fork

Sranan Tongo: forku

→ Dutch: fork

→ Japanese: フォーク (fōku)

→ Kannada: ಫೋರ್ಕ್ (phōrk)

→ Korean: 포크 (pokeu)

→ Maori: paoka

→ Tamil: போர்க் (pōrk)

→ Telugu: ఫోర్క్ (phōrk)

From Middle English forke (“digging fork”), from Old English force, forca (“forked instrument used to torture”), from Proto-West Germanic *furkō (“fork”), from Latin furca (“pitchfork, forked stake; gallows, beam, stake, support post, yoke”), of uncertain origin. The Middle English word was later reinforced by Anglo-Norman, Old Northern French forque (= Old French forche whence French fourche), also from the Latin. Cognate also with North Frisian forck (“fork”), Dutch vork (“fork”), Danish fork (“fork”), German Forke (“pitchfork”). Displaced native gafol, ġeafel, ġeafle (“fork”), from Old English.
In its primary sense of “fork”, Latin furca appears to be derived from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰerk(ʷ)-, *ǵʰerg(ʷ)- (“fork”), although the development of the -c- is difficult to explain. In other senses this derivation is unlikely. For these, perhaps it is connected to Proto-Germanic *furkaz, *firkalaz (“stake, stick, pole, post”), from Proto-Indo-European *perg- (“pole, post”). If so, this would relate the word to Old English forclas pl (“bolt”), Old Saxon ferkal (“lock, bolt, bar”), Old Norse forkr (“pole, staff, stick”), Norwegian fork (“stick, bat”), Swedish fork (“pole”).

tienhaara

figurative: point in time of making a decision

afsplitsing

computer science: splitting of a process

odnož

computer science: copying and separately developing a project

bifurcació

computer science: a separately developed project based upon a copy of an existing project

a three-prong spear somewhat resembling a pitchfork

Known as a “fork”, the new version of bitcoin (dubbed Bitcoin XT) would support more transactions per hour, at the cost of increasing the amount of memory required to hold a full database of all the bitcoin transactions throughout history, known as the blockchain.

2015 August 17, Alex Hern, “Bitcoin's forked: chief scientist launches alternative proposal for the currency”, in The Guardian:

(figuratively, by abstraction, from a physical fork) (software development, content management, data management) A departure from having a single source of truth (SSOT), sometimes intentionally but usually unintentionally.

(cryptocurrencies) A split in a blockchain resulting from protocol disagreements, or a branch of the blockchain resulting from such a split.


Florence

Florence (disambiguation)
Florence Nightingale

Borrowed from French Florence, from Latin Flōrentia (as a given name, a feminine form of Flōrentius), from flōrens (“flowering, flourishing”), from flōs (“flower”), connected with English bloom and blossom. Doublet of Firenze.
The female given name gained popularity from Florence Nightingale who was born in the Tuscan city.

Los Angeles County
Los Angeles County#English

A number of places in the United States:

An unincorporated community in Los Angeles County, California.

Stephenson County
Stephenson County#English

An unincorporated community in Stephenson County, Illinois.

census-designated place
census-designated place

A census-designated place in Ravalli County, Montana.

Codington County
Codington County#English

A town in Codington County, South Dakota.

Snohomish County
Snohomish County#English

An unincorporated community in Snohomish County, Washington.


Byzantine

en-adj

Byzantine (comparative more Byzantine, superlative most Byzantine)

more Byzantine (comparative)
most Byzantine (superlative)

From Late Latin byzantinus, itself from Byzantium. The metaphorical senses evoke the reputation for palace intrigue of the Byzantium imperial court.

This was the crowning incident of our visit, and I wondered with what Byzantine ritual the Anointed One fresh from the exercise of his priestly functions would be received among his women.

1920 October, Edith Wharton, In Morocco, New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, page 180:

(Eastern Orthodoxy, Catholicism) Of or relating to the Byzantine Rite or any of the many Eastern Orthodox churches and Greek Catholic churches that use this rite for their liturgical celebrations.


font

fontok (plural)
font (nominative singular)
fontok (nominative plural)
fontot (accusative singular)
fontokat (accusative plural)
fontnak (dative singular)
fontoknak (dative plural)
fonttal (instrumental singular)
fontokkal (instrumental plural)
fontért (causal-final singular)
fontokért (causal-final plural)
fonttá (singular translative)
fontokká (plural translative)
fontig (singular terminative)
fontokig (plural terminative)
fontként (essive-formal singular)
fontokként (essive-formal plural)
fontban (inessive singular)
fontokban (inessive plural)
fonton (singular superessive)
fontokon (plural superessive)
fontnál (adessive singular)
fontoknál (adessive plural)
fontba (illative singular)
fontokba (illative plural)
fontra (singular sublative)
fontokra (plural sublative)
fonthoz (allative singular)
fontokhoz (allative plural)
fontból (elative singular)
fontokból (elative plural)
fontról (delative singular)
fontokról (delative plural)
fonttól (ablative singular)
fontoktól (ablative plural)
fonté (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
fontoké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
fontéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
fontokéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
fontom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
fontjaim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
fontod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
fontjaid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
fontja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
fontjai (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
fontunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
fontjaink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
fontotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
fontjaitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
fontjuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
fontjaik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)


miner

From mine + -er (agent noun suffix) or + -er (occupational suffix).

Coordinate term: staker

The move would have probably prevented Kazakhstan-based miners from accessing the bitcoin network.

2022 January 6, “Kazakhstan internet shutdown deals blow to global bitcoin mining operation”, in The Guardian:

(cryptocurrencies) Software or hardware that mines, or creates new units of cryptocurrency.

(cryptocurrencies) A person who mines cryptocurrency.


cent

→ Cantonese: 仙 (sin¹)

→ Catalan: cent

→ French: cent

→ Georgian: ცენტი (cenṭi)

→ Hebrew: סנט (sent)

→ Italian: cent

→ Korean: 센트 (senteu)

→ Min Nan: 仙 (sian)

→ Polish: cent

→ Samoan: sene
→ English: sene

→ Serbo-Croatian:

Cyrillic script: це̏нт

Latin script: cȅnt

→ Swahili: senti

→ Swedish: cent

Tok Pisin: sen
→ Rotokas: sieri

From Middle English cent, from Old French cent, from Latin centum, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm.

It's true. 1.7 cents to make 1 cent. That really makes the phrase “you have to spend money to make money” ring painfully true.

2015 November 22, “Pennies”, in Last Week Tonight with John Oliver, season 3, episode 35, John Oliver (actor), via HBO:

(money) A subunit of currency equal to one-hundredth of the main unit of currency in many countries. Symbol: ¢.

(money) A subunit of currency equal to one-hundredth of the euro.

(money) A coin having face value of one cent (in either of the above senses).

(music) A hundredth of a semitone or half step.

And broght with hem many stout cent / Of green lordynges.

c. 1450, Octouian Imperator (Octavian), lines 1463-4

The demon makes his full descent / In one abundant shower of cent per cent.

1733, Alexander Pope, Moral Essays, Epistle III to Allen, Lord Bathurst, 372

(obsolete, except in per cent and cent percent) Abbreviation of centum. One hundred.


cent

Borrowed from English cent. These senses of the word cent in Catalan derive from the inversion of meaning that took place in English where it was used to indicate one hundredth.

cèntim

a subunit of currency equal to one-hundredth of the base unit

(money) cent (a subunit of currency equal to one-hundredth of the euro)


cent

nl-noun

cent f (plural centen, diminutive centje n)

centen (plural)
centje (diminutive neuter)

Afrikaans: sent

Berbice Creole Dutch: sent

→ Caribbean Javanese: sèn

→ Indonesian: sen

→ Papiamentu: sèn, cens

→ Sranan Tongo: sensi

→ Caribbean Hindustani: señs

→ Saramaccan: seén

Either a borrowing from English cent or a shortened borrowed from French centime.

(money) cent, a subunit of currency equal to one-hundredth of the main unit of the Dutch guilder

(money) cent, a subunit of currency equal to one-hundredth of the euro


cent

Haitian Creole: san

→ Arabic: سنت (sant)

→ Garifuna: san

Borrowed from English cent, itself from Old French.

(money) cent (one-hundredth of a dollar or of a euro)


cent

centek (plural)
cent (nominative singular)
centek (nominative plural)
centet (accusative singular)
centeket (accusative plural)
centnek (dative singular)
centeknek (dative plural)
centtel (instrumental singular)
centekkel (instrumental plural)
centért (causal-final singular)
centekért (causal-final plural)
centté (singular translative)
centekké (plural translative)
centig (singular terminative)
centekig (plural terminative)
centként (essive-formal singular)
centekként (essive-formal plural)
centben (inessive singular)
centekben (inessive plural)
centen (singular superessive)
centeken (plural superessive)
centnél (adessive singular)
centeknél (adessive plural)
centbe (illative singular)
centekbe (illative plural)
centre (singular sublative)
centekre (plural sublative)
centhez (allative singular)
centekhez (allative plural)
centből (elative singular)
centekből (elative plural)
centről (delative singular)
centekről (delative plural)
centtől (ablative singular)
centektől (ablative plural)
centé (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
centeké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
centéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
centekéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
centem (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
centjeim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
cented (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
centjeid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
centje (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
centjei (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
centünk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
centjeink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
centetek (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
centjeitek (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
centjük (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
centjeik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)


cent

Borrowed from English cent, French cent, German Cent, Italian cent, Russian цент (cent), Spanish centavo.


cent

pl-noun

cent m animal (diminutive cencik, related adjective centowy)

cencik (diminutive)
centowy (adjective)
cent (nominative singular)
centy (nominative plural)
centa (genitive singular)
centów (genitive plural)
centowi (dative singular)
centom (dative plural)
centa (accusative singular)
centy (accusative plural)
centem (instrumental singular)
centami (instrumental plural)
cencie (locative singular)
centach (locative plural)
cencie (singular vocative)
centy (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English cent, French cent, German Cent, ultimately from Latin centum. Doublet of sto.

cent (subunit of currency equal to one-hundredth of the main unit of currency in many countries; symbol: ¢)


half

New York City, New Orleans, Philadelphia, Baltimore

From Middle English half, halfe from Old English healf (“half”); as a noun, 'half', 'side', 'part', from Proto-West Germanic *halb, from Proto-Germanic *halbaz.
Cognates:
Akin to Old Saxon, Old Frisian, and Dutch half, West Frisian heal, German halb, Swedish, Danish and Norwegian halv, Icelandic hálfur and Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌻𐌱𐍃 (halbs). Compare halve, behalf.

абжа

one of two equal parts into which anything may be divided

He came back with a pint of Guinness for me and a half of bitter for Wendy.

1968, John Braine, The Crying Game, Houghton Mifflin, page 11:

I accepted a half of bitter from him.

1974, James Herriot, All Things Bright and Beautiful, St. Martin's Press,, →ISBN:

I went to the bar where I bought a pint and two large brandies. ... "Not brandy," she replied, "but I could use a long drink - maybe a half of lager."

2006, Bill Appleton, Wide Boy, Pegasus Elliot Mackenzie, →ISBN, page 168:

(British) half a pint of beer or cider. (Refusing a pint) Just a half, thank you. (Offering to top up a pint glass) Do you want a half in that? (Minimizing the amount of drink taken) A swift half at the Pear Tree.

So for Richard and Barbara, Jeff and Kari, the impossibly varied collection of steps and halves that is another legacy of my father.

2016, Robert M. Herzog, A World Between:

(sports) abbreviated form for half marathon.


coinage

en-noun

coinage (countable and uncountable, plural coinages)

Inherited from Middle English coynage, from Old French coignage, from coignier.

He […] threw himself on a sopha opposite the copy of a bust of the Apollo Belvidere. After one or two trivial remarks, to which I sullenly replied, he suddenly cried, looking at the bust, “I am called like that victor! Not a bad idea; the head will serve for my new coinage, and be an omen to all dutiful subjects of my future success.”

1826, [Mary Shelley], The Last Man. […], volume I, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC, page 125:

The Minoan age had not only an elaborate system of weights, but the first beginnings of a coinage.

1907, Ronald M. Burrows, The Discoveries In Crete, page 15:

(uncountable) Coins taken collectively; currency.


melon

pl-noun

melon m inan (diminutive melonik, related adjective melonowy)

melonik (diminutive)
melonowy (adjective)
melon (nominative singular)
melony (nominative plural)
melona (genitive singular)
melonów (genitive plural)
melonowi (dative singular)
melonom (dative plural)
melon (accusative singular)
melony (accusative plural)
melonem (instrumental singular)
melonami (instrumental plural)
melonie (locative singular)
melonach (locative plural)
melonie (singular vocative)
melony (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Late Latin mēlōnis.

lbor

(colloquial) one million big ones (one million of any currency, especially PLN)


mule

→ Hawaiian: miula

→ Irish: miúil

→ Maori: miūru

From Middle English mule, from Anglo-Norman mule and Old English mūl, both from Latin mūlus, from Proto-Indo-European *mukslós. Compare Late Latin muscellus (“young he-mule”), Old East Slavic мъшкъ (mŭškŭ, “mule”), Ancient Greek (Phocian) μυχλός (mukhlós, “he-ass”), and German Maul Maultier, Maulesel (through Latin).

What is less clear, however, is why mint workers should have chosen to produce mules, if they were making forgeries […]

1988, Andrew Burnett, The Normanby hoard and other Roman coin hoards, British Museum Publications:

(numismatics) A coin or medal minted with obverse and reverse designs not normally seen on the same piece, either intentionally or in error.

muuli

numismatics: coin or medal minted with designs not normally seen on the same piece


bes

(historical, numismatics) A bronze coin of the Roman Republic, worth two thirds of an as.


bes

la-noun

bes m (genitive bessis); third declension

bessis (genitive)
bes (nominative singular)
bessēs (nominative plural)
bessis (genitive singular)
bessium (genitive plural)
bessī (dative singular)
bessibus (dative plural)
bessem (accusative singular)
bessēs (accusative plural)
bessīs (accusative plural)
besse (ablative singular)
bessibus (ablative plural)
bes (singular vocative)
bessēs (plural vocative)

From a derivative of *duō (“two”) (compare bis) + as.


real

Borrowed from Spanish real (“royal”), from Latin rēgālis (“regal, royal”). Doublet of ariary, regal, riyal, and royal.

doublet

Former unit of currency of Spain and Spain's colonies.

رِيَال

former unit of currency of Spain and Spain's colonies


real

reis (plural)
réis (plural)
reals (plural)

From Portuguese real (“royal”), from Latin rēgālis (“regal; royal”). Doublet of ariary, regal, riyal, and royal.

(uncountable) A unit of currency used in Portugal and its colonies from 1430 until 1911, and in Brazil from 1790 until 1942.


real

Meronym: centavo

Within weeks of this bombshell, an aide to the brother of the chairman of the PT, José Genoino, was arrested boarding a flight with 200,000 reais in a suitcase and $100,000 in his underpants.

2011, Perry Anderson, “Lula's Brazil”, in London Review of Books, 33.VII:

(uncountable) A unit of currency used in Brazil since 1994. Symbol: R$.

real

a unit of currency formerly used in Portugal and Brazil


real

From Latin rēgālis (“royal”), from rēx (“king”) + -alis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs (“ruler, king”).


real

realen (definite singular)
realer (indefinite plural)
realene (definite plural)

From Portuguese real, from Latin regalis.


real

realen (definite singular)
realar (indefinite plural)
realane (definite plural)

From Spanish and Portuguese real, from Latin rēgālis (“royal”). Doublet of rijal.

"Og han fekk dei 1,500 realarne, Jose Maria, elder rettare: han fekk dei att."

1887, Prosper Mérimée, “Røvarliv i Spania [Letters from Spain]”, in Sjur, transl., Ungdom: franske forteljingar [Youth – French tales], translation of Lettres d'Espagne, page 34:

"And he got those 1,500 reales, Jose Maria, or more accurately: he got them back again."

(historical) a real, one of the former units of currency and coins used in Spain, Portugal and their colonies


real

real (nominative singular)
reale (nominative plural)
reala (genitive singular)
reali (genitive plural)
realowi (dative singular)
realom (dative plural)
real (accusative singular)
reale (accusative plural)
realem (instrumental singular)
realami (instrumental plural)
realu (locative singular)
realach (locative plural)
realu (singular vocative)
reale (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Spanish real, from Latin rēgālis.

(historical) real (former unit of currency of Spain and Spain's colonies)


real

Borrowed from Portuguese real, from Latin rēgālis.

(historical) real (former unit of currency of Portugal and Brazil)


real

From Latin rēgālis (“royal”), from rēx (“king”) + -ālis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃rḗǵs (“ruler, king”).

a former currency of Portugal and its colonies


đồng

đồngok (plural)
đồng (nominative singular)
đồngok (nominative plural)
đồngot (accusative singular)
đồngokat (accusative plural)
đồngnak (dative singular)
đồngoknak (dative plural)
đồnggal (instrumental singular)
đồngokkal (instrumental plural)
đồngért (causal-final singular)
đồngokért (causal-final plural)
đồnggá (singular translative)
đồngokká (plural translative)
đồngig (singular terminative)
đồngokig (plural terminative)
đồngként (essive-formal singular)
đồngokként (essive-formal plural)
đồngban (inessive singular)
đồngokban (inessive plural)
đồngon (singular superessive)
đồngokon (plural superessive)
đồngnál (adessive singular)
đồngoknál (adessive plural)
đồngba (illative singular)
đồngokba (illative plural)
đồngra (singular sublative)
đồngokra (plural sublative)
đồnghoz (allative singular)
đồngokhoz (allative plural)
đồngból (elative singular)
đồngokból (elative plural)
đồngról (delative singular)
đồngokról (delative plural)
đồngtól (ablative singular)
đồngoktól (ablative plural)
đồngé (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
đồngoké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
đồngéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
đồngokéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
đồngom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
đồngjaim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
đồngod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
đồngjaid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
đồngja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
đồngjai (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
đồngunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
đồngjaink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
đồngotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
đồngjaitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
đồngjuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
đồngjaik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

1000 vietnámi đồng körülbelül 15 forintot ér.

1,000 Vietnamese dongs are worth approximately 15 Hungarian forints.

dong (the currency of Vietnam; usually used by thousands or higher denominations)


đồng

→ Cantonese: 盾 (teon⁵)

→ English: dong

→ Japanese: ドン (don)

→ Korean: 동 (dong)

→ Mandarin: 盾 (dùn)

→ Russian: донг (dong)

đồng yên Nhật

đồng đô-la Mĩ


Rappen

de-noun

Rappen m (strong, genitive Rappens, plural Rappen)

Rappens (genitive)
Rappen (plural)
Rappen (nominative singular)
Rappen (definite nominative plural)
Rappens (genitive singular)
Rappen (definite genitive plural)
Rappen (dative singular)
Rappen (dative definite plural)
Rappen (accusative singular)
Rappen (accusative definite plural)

From a variant of Alemannic German Rapp (“raven”). Doublet of Rabe.

rappen (a unit of currency in Switzerland and Liechtenstein, equal to one-hundredth of a Swiss franc)


libra

libras (plural)
librae (plural)
contexts (Roman)

From Latin lībra (“pound”), partially via Italian, Spanish, and Portuguese libra. Doublet of lira, livre, libbre, liter, rottol, and arratel.

doublet

Ancient Roman units of measurement#Weight

pound

Portuguese contexts, but more often used for the arratel

(historical) Synonym of pound, a notional pound of silver as a money of account, especially in medieval contexts.


libra

libra (nominative singular)
libry (nominative plural)
libry (genitive singular)
liber (genitive plural)
libře (dative singular)
librám (dative plural)
libru (accusative singular)
libry (accusative plural)
libro (singular vocative)
libry (plural vocative)
libře (locative singular)
librách (locative plural)
librou (instrumental singular)
librami (instrumental plural)


libra

From Old Galician-Portuguese livra, attested in the 13th-century Cantigas de Santa Maria, from Latin libra (“Roman pound”). Doublet of lira. In reference to the English unit, a calque of English pound. Cognate with Portuguese and Spanish libra and Catalan lliura.

British pound, a unit of British currency originally notionally equal to a pound of sterling silver


libra

la-noun

lībra f (genitive lībrae); first declension

lībra (canonical feminine)
lībrae (genitive)
lībra (nominative singular)
lībrae (nominative plural)
lībrae (genitive singular)
lībrārum (genitive plural)
lībrae (dative singular)
lībrīs (dative plural)
lībram (accusative singular)
lībrās (accusative plural)
lībrā (ablative singular)
lībrīs (ablative plural)
lībra (singular vocative)
lībrae (plural vocative)

Catalan: lliura

desctree

Old French: livre m
Middle French: livre
French: livre
Norman: livre

Galician: libra

Italian: libra, libbra, lira

→ Catalan: lira

→ Czech: lira

→ Danish: lire

→ Faroese: liri

→ English: lira

→ Finnish: liira

→ German: Lira

→ Galician: lira

→ Maori: rira

→ Malay: lira

→ Maltese: lira

→ Norwegian: lira

→ Portuguese: lira

→ Serbo-Croatian: lira

→ Spanish: lira

→ Turkish: lira

Piedmontese: livra

Portuguese: libra

Romanian: livră

Spanish: libra

→ Tagalog: libra

Of uncertain origin. The word's original form was something like Proto-Italic *līðrā, *leiðrā (“pound”), surviving also in Ancient Greek λίτρα (lítra), whence English liter.
Weiss derives the term from Proto-Indo-European *leyH- (“to pour”) suffixed with the instrumental/resultative suffix *-dʰrom, under the assumption that the term originally meant "pouring (of metal)" before evolving to mean a unit of weight. In this case, then cognate with Proto-Slavic *lìti (“to pour”), Proto-Celtic *liyeti (“to flow”), Ancient Greek λείβω (leíbō, “to pour”), Lithuanian líeti (“to let flow”).

(Medieval Latin, New Latin) pound, any of various currencies derived from the use of pound as a weight in silver


libra

From Latin libra (“Roman pound”). Doublet of arrátel. In reference to the English unit, a calque of English pound. Cognate with Galician and Spanish libra and Catalan lliura.

pound, British and other currencies derived from the use of a pound as a weight in silver


libra

From Latin libra (“Roman pound, scale”). Doublet of lira. In reference to the English unit, a calque of English pound. Cognate with Galician and Portuguese libra and Catalan lliura.

British pound (the currency of the United Kingdom and its dependencies, originally notionally equivalent to a pound of stirling silver)


pattern

From earlier patten, paterne, from Middle English patron (“patron; example”), from Old French patron, from Medieval Latin patrōnus (“patron”). Doublet of padrone, patron, and Patronus.

skemo

intelligible arrangement which has a mathematical, geometric, statistical etc. relationship

(now only numismatics) A sample; of coins, an example which was struck but never minted.


skid

en-verb

skid (third-person singular simple present skids, present participle skidding, simple past and past participle skidded)

skids (present singular third-person)
skidding (participle present)
skidded (participle past)
skidded (past)

From Middle English *skid, from Old Norse skíð (“a billet of wood, a beam or plank on which something rests”), from Proto-Germanic *skīdą (“log, clapboard”), from Proto-Indo-European *skey-t-, *skey- (“to split, divide, separate”). Cognate with English shide, from Middle English schyd, schyde, schide (“plank, beam”), German Scheit (“piece of wood, log”). Doublet of ski.

inh

The horses stopped to breathe again, and the guard got down to skid the wheel for the descent, and open the coach-door to let the passengers in

1859, Charles Dickens, “The Mail”, in A Tale of Two Cities, London: Chapman and Hall, […], →OCLC, book I (Recalled to Life), page 4:

(transitive) To check or halt (wagon wheels, etc.) with a skid.


skid

(UK, slang, obsolete) A sovereign (old coin).


rand

Named after Witwatersrand; the last element is Afrikaans rand (“ridge”), from Dutch rand, from Old Saxon rand, from Germanic *randaz. Compare Etymology 1, and Rand.
The sense of currency is because of gold that was extracted from the Witwatersrand rocks.

The currency of South Africa, divided into 100 cents.


rand

From Dutch rand, from Middle Dutch rant, from Old Dutch *rant, from Proto-Germanic *randaz.


rand

rand (absolutive indefinite)
randa (absolutive indefinite singular)
randak (absolutive indefinite plural)
randek (ergative indefinite)
randak (ergative indefinite singular)
randek (ergative indefinite plural)
randi (dative indefinite)
randari (dative indefinite singular)
randei (dative indefinite plural)
randen (genitive indefinite)
randaren (genitive indefinite singular)
randen (genitive indefinite plural)
randekin (comitative indefinite)
randarekin (comitative indefinite singular)
randekin (comitative indefinite plural)
randengatik (causative indefinite)
randarengatik (causative indefinite singular)
randengatik (causative indefinite plural)
randentzat (benefactive indefinite)
randarentzat (benefactive indefinite singular)
randentzat (benefactive indefinite plural)
randez (indefinite instrumental)
randaz (indefinite instrumental singular)
randez (indefinite instrumental plural)
randetan (indefinite inessive)
randean (indefinite inessive singular)
randetan (indefinite inessive plural)
randetako (indefinite locative)
randeko (indefinite locative singular)
randetako (indefinite locative plural)
randetara (allative indefinite)
randera (allative indefinite singular)
randetara (allative indefinite plural)
randetaraino (indefinite terminative)
randeraino (indefinite singular terminative)
randetaraino (indefinite plural terminative)
randetarantz (directive indefinite)
randerantz (directive indefinite singular)
randetarantz (directive indefinite plural)
randetarako (destinative indefinite)
randerako (destinative indefinite singular)
randetarako (destinative indefinite plural)
randetatik (ablative indefinite)
randetik (ablative indefinite singular)
randetatik (ablative indefinite plural)
randik (indefinite partitive)
randtzat (indefinite prolative)


rand

nb-noun

rand m (definite singular randen, indefinite plural rand, definite plural randene)

randen (definite singular)
rand (indefinite plural)
randene (definite plural)

From Afrikaans rand (named after The Rand (Witwatersrand), a gold mining district).


rand

From Afrikaans rand, named after The Rand (Witwatersrand), a gold mining district.


rand

pl-noun

rand m animal (related adjective randowy)

randowy (adjective)
rand (nominative singular)
randy (nominative plural)
randa (genitive singular)
randów (genitive plural)
randowi (dative singular)
random (dative plural)
randa (accusative singular)
randy (accusative plural)
randem (instrumental singular)
randami (instrumental plural)
randzie (locative singular)
randach (locative plural)
randzie (singular vocative)
randy (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Afrikaans rand. Doublet of rant.


duty

en-noun

duty (countable and uncountable, plural duties)

right

antonym(s) of “that which one is obligated to do”

From Middle English duete, from Middle English dewe + Middle English -te, (borrowed from Old French -te from Latin -tātem, accusative masculine singular of -tās). Equivalent to due + -ty (Alternative form of -ity).

customs duty; excise duty

A tax placed on imports or exports; a tariff.


buck

From Middle English bukke, bucke, buc, from Old English buc, bucc, bucca (“he-goat, stag”), from Proto-West Germanic *bukk, *bukkō, from Proto-Germanic *bukkaz, *bukkô (“buck”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuǵ- (“ram”). Doublet of puck (billy goat).
Currency-related senses hail from American English, a clipping of buckskin as a unit of trade among Indians and Europeans in frontier days (attested from 1748).
The idea of rigidly standing implements is instilled by Dutch bok (“sawhorse”) as in zaagbok (“sawbuck”).
The sense of an object indicating someone’s turn then occurred in American English, possibly originating from the game poker, where a knife (typically with a hilt made from a stag horn) was used as a place-marker to signify whose turn it was to deal. The place-marker was commonly referred to as a buck, which reinforced the term “pass the buck” used in poker, and eventually a silver dollar was used in place of a knife, which also led to a dollar being referred to as a buck.

Corporations will do anything to make a buck.

It's all about bucks, kid. The rest is conversation.

1987, Oliver Stone, Wall Street (motion picture), spoken by Gordon Gekko (Michael Douglas):

(by extension, Australia, South Africa, US, informal) Money.


kip

The unit of currency in Laos, divided into 100 att, symbol ₭, abbreviation LAK.


kip

kip (nominative singular)
kipy (nominative plural)
kipa (genitive singular)
kipów (genitive plural)
kipowi (dative singular)
kipom (dative plural)
kipa (accusative singular)
kipy (accusative plural)
kipem (instrumental singular)
kipami (instrumental plural)
kipie (locative singular)
kipach (locative plural)
kipie (singular vocative)
kipy (plural vocative)

kip (unit of currency in Laos, divided into 100 att)


ton

→ Tokelauan: tone, tane

Variant of tun (“cask”), influenced by Old French tonne (“ton”).

ton

various units of mass notionally equivalent to a tun

(colloquial, chiefly UK) Synonym of hundred, particularly

Synonym of hundred, particularly
100 pounds sterling.


zloty

zloty (plural zloty or zlotys or zlote or zlotych or zloties)

zloty (plural)
zlotys (plural)
zlote (plural)
zlotych (plural)
zloties (plural)

The currency unit of Poland, divided into 100 groszy.


zloty

head

zloty c (singular definite zlotyen, plural indefinite zloty)

zlotyen (definite singular)
zloty (indefinite plural)
zloty (indefinite nominative singular)
zlotyen (definite nominative singular)
zloty (indefinite nominative plural)
zlotyene (definite nominative plural)
zlotys (genitive indefinite singular)
zlotyens (definite genitive singular)
zlotys (genitive indefinite plural)
zlotyenes (definite genitive plural)


zloty

zloty (nominative singular)
zlotyt (nominative plural)
zloty (accusative nominative singular)
zlotyt (accusative nominative plural)
zlotyn (accusative genitive singular)
zlotyt (accusative genitive plural)
zlotyn (genitive singular)
zlotyjen (genitive plural)
zlotyä (partitive singular)
zlotyjä (partitive plural)
zlotyssä (inessive singular)
zlotyissä (inessive plural)
zlotystä (elative singular)
zlotyistä (elative plural)
zlotyyn (illative singular)
zlotyihin (illative plural)
zlotyllä (adessive singular)
zlotyillä (adessive plural)
zlotyltä (ablative singular)
zlotyiltä (ablative plural)
zlotylle (allative singular)
zlotyille (allative plural)
zlotynä (essive singular)
zlotyinä (essive plural)
zlotyksi (singular translative)
zlotyiksi (plural translative)
zlotyttä (abessive singular)
zlotyittä (abessive plural)
zlotyin (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
zlotyni (nominative singular)
zlotyni (nominative plural)
zlotyni (accusative nominative singular)
zlotyni (accusative nominative plural)
zlotyni (accusative genitive singular)
zlotyni (accusative genitive plural)
zlotyni (genitive singular)
zlotyjeni (genitive plural)
zlotyäni (partitive singular)
zlotyjäni (partitive plural)
zlotyssäni (inessive singular)
zlotyissäni (inessive plural)
zlotystäni (elative singular)
zlotyistäni (elative plural)
zlotyyni (illative singular)
zlotyihini (illative plural)
zlotylläni (adessive singular)
zlotyilläni (adessive plural)
zlotyltäni (ablative singular)
zlotyiltäni (ablative plural)
zlotylleni (allative singular)
zlotyilleni (allative plural)
zlotynäni (essive singular)
zlotyinäni (essive plural)
zlotykseni (singular translative)
zlotyikseni (plural translative)
zlotyttäni (abessive singular)
zlotyittäni (abessive plural)
zlotyineni (comitative plural)
zlotysi (nominative singular)
zlotysi (nominative plural)
zlotysi (accusative nominative singular)
zlotysi (accusative nominative plural)
zlotysi (accusative genitive singular)
zlotysi (accusative genitive plural)
zlotysi (genitive singular)
zlotyjesi (genitive plural)
zlotyäsi (partitive singular)
zlotyjäsi (partitive plural)
zlotyssäsi (inessive singular)
zlotyissäsi (inessive plural)
zlotystäsi (elative singular)
zlotyistäsi (elative plural)
zlotyysi (illative singular)
zlotyihisi (illative plural)
zlotylläsi (adessive singular)
zlotyilläsi (adessive plural)
zlotyltäsi (ablative singular)
zlotyiltäsi (ablative plural)
zlotyllesi (allative singular)
zlotyillesi (allative plural)
zlotynäsi (essive singular)
zlotyinäsi (essive plural)
zlotyksesi (singular translative)
zlotyiksesi (plural translative)
zlotyttäsi (abessive singular)
zlotyittäsi (abessive plural)
zlotyinesi (comitative plural)
zlotymme (nominative singular)
zlotymme (nominative plural)
zlotymme (accusative nominative singular)
zlotymme (accusative nominative plural)
zlotymme (accusative genitive singular)
zlotymme (accusative genitive plural)
zlotymme (genitive singular)
zlotyjemme (genitive plural)
zlotyämme (partitive singular)
zlotyjämme (partitive plural)
zlotyssämme (inessive singular)
zlotyissämme (inessive plural)
zlotystämme (elative singular)
zlotyistämme (elative plural)
zlotyymme (illative singular)
zlotyihimme (illative plural)
zlotyllämme (adessive singular)
zlotyillämme (adessive plural)
zlotyltämme (ablative singular)
zlotyiltämme (ablative plural)
zlotyllemme (allative singular)
zlotyillemme (allative plural)
zlotynämme (essive singular)
zlotyinämme (essive plural)
zlotyksemme (singular translative)
zlotyiksemme (plural translative)
zlotyttämme (abessive singular)
zlotyittämme (abessive plural)
zlotyinemme (comitative plural)
zlotynne (nominative singular)
zlotynne (nominative plural)
zlotynne (accusative nominative singular)
zlotynne (accusative nominative plural)
zlotynne (accusative genitive singular)
zlotynne (accusative genitive plural)
zlotynne (genitive singular)
zlotyjenne (genitive plural)
zlotyänne (partitive singular)
zlotyjänne (partitive plural)
zlotyssänne (inessive singular)
zlotyissänne (inessive plural)
zlotystänne (elative singular)
zlotyistänne (elative plural)
zlotyynne (illative singular)
zlotyihinne (illative plural)
zlotyllänne (adessive singular)
zlotyillänne (adessive plural)
zlotyltänne (ablative singular)
zlotyiltänne (ablative plural)
zlotyllenne (allative singular)
zlotyillenne (allative plural)
zlotynänne (essive singular)
zlotyinänne (essive plural)
zlotyksenne (singular translative)
zlotyiksenne (plural translative)
zlotyttänne (abessive singular)
zlotyittänne (abessive plural)
zlotyinenne (comitative plural)
zlotynsä (nominative singular)
zlotynsä (nominative plural)
zlotynsä (accusative nominative singular)
zlotynsä (accusative nominative plural)
zlotynsä (accusative genitive singular)
zlotynsä (accusative genitive plural)
zlotynsä (genitive singular)
zlotyjensä (genitive plural)
zlotyään (partitive singular)
zlotyänsä (partitive singular)
zlotyjään (partitive plural)
zlotyjänsä (partitive plural)
zlotyssään (inessive singular)
zlotyssänsä (inessive singular)
zlotyissään (inessive plural)
zlotyissänsä (inessive plural)
zlotystään (elative singular)
zlotystänsä (elative singular)
zlotyistään (elative plural)
zlotyistänsä (elative plural)
zlotyynsä (illative singular)
zlotyihinsä (illative plural)
zlotyllään (adessive singular)
zlotyllänsä (adessive singular)
zlotyillään (adessive plural)
zlotyillänsä (adessive plural)
zlotyltään (ablative singular)
zlotyltänsä (ablative singular)
zlotyiltään (ablative plural)
zlotyiltänsä (ablative plural)
zlotylleen (allative singular)
zlotyllensä (allative singular)
zlotyilleen (allative plural)
zlotyillensä (allative plural)
zlotynään (essive singular)
zlotynänsä (essive singular)
zlotyinään (essive plural)
zlotyinänsä (essive plural)
zlotykseen (singular translative)
zlotyksensä (singular translative)
zlotyikseen (plural translative)
zlotyiksensä (plural translative)
zlotyttään (abessive singular)
zlotyttänsä (abessive singular)
zlotyittään (abessive plural)
zlotyittänsä (abessive plural)
zlotyineen (comitative plural)
zlotyinensä (comitative plural)


zloty

zlotyen (definite singular)
zloty (indefinite plural)
zlotyane (definite plural)


portcullis

en-noun

portcullis (plural portcullises or portcullisses or (rare) portculli or (rare) portscullis)

portcullises (plural)
portcullisses (plural)
portculli (plural rare)
portscullis (plural rare)

From Middle English portcolyse, from Old French porte colëice, from porte (“door”) + feminine of colëiz (“sliding”), ultimately from Latin colāre.

(historical) An old English coin from the reign of Elizabeth I, minted for the use of the East India Company, and bearing the picture of a portcullis on the reverse.


moneta

From Latin monēta. Compare Spanish moneda and Portuguese moeda.


moneta

la-noun

monēta f (genitive monētae); first declension

monēta (canonical feminine)
monētae (genitive)
monēta (nominative singular)
monētae (nominative plural)
monētae (genitive singular)
monētārum (genitive plural)
monētae (dative singular)
monētīs (dative plural)
monētam (accusative singular)
monētās (accusative plural)
monētā (ablative singular)
monētīs (ablative plural)
monēta (singular vocative)
monētae (plural vocative)

Cicero
Domitian
Suda
Æthelwulf, King of Wessex

Dalmatian:

monaita

Italo-Romance:

Italian: moneta

Sicilian: munita

Padanian:

Friulian: monede

Ladin: muneida, munëida

Ligurian: monæa, monæ

Lombard: moneda, monida

→ Piedmontese: monèda

desc

Piedmontese: monèja, monèa, monè, monèida (Oriental)

Romansch: munaida, muneida

Venetan: monéda, monèa

→? Albanian: monedhë

→ Greek: μονέδα (monéda)

→ Romanian: monedă

Northern Gallo-Romance:

Old Francoprovençal: moneia

Franco-Provençal: monéya, mounêya, mounia, môniiâ

desctree

Old French: monoie, menoie, menoiie, moneie, monoë, monnoie, monnoye, monoye, muneie (Anglo-Norman)
Middle French: monnoye, monnoie
French: monnaie
Poitevin-Saintongeais: mounàie
Norman: mounaie
Picard: monnouaie
→ Middle English: moneye (see there for further descendants)
→? Walloon: manoye

Southern Gallo-Romance:

Aragonese: moneda

Catalan: moneda

Old Occitan: moneda
Occitan: moneda
Limousin: moneda, monuda
Vivaro-Alpine: monea, moneia, monha, monìa

Ibero-Romance:

Asturian: moneda, monea

Old Galician-Portuguese: mõeda

Galician: moeda

Portuguese: moeda

Spanish: moneda

Insular Romance:

Sardinian: moneda, moneta, muneda

Borrowings:

→ Basque: mota

→ Bulgarian: моне́та (monéta)

→ German: Moneten

→ Ido: moneto

→? Middle Scots: monet

→ Polish: moneta

→ Russian: моне́та (monéta)

→ Azerbaijani: manat

→ English: manat

→ Turkmen: manat

→ English: manat

→ Proto-West Germanic: *munit (see there for further descendants)

From Monēta, an Italian goddess conflated with Juno after her introduction (cf. evocatio) to Rome in 344 BC. Her temple was used by the Roman mint from 273 BC until it was destroyed by fire and moved to the Colosseum by Domitian in AD 84. The usual derivation—given by Cicero and the Byzantine Suda— is from monēre (“to warn, to advise”) + a variant of -īta, but it is now considered more likely the earlier Italian goddess's name came from a form of Ancient Greek μονήρης (monḗrēs, “solitary, alone, unique”).


moneta

lt-noun

monetà f (plural monetos) stress pattern 2

monetà (canonical feminine stress-pattern-2)
monetos (plural)
monetà (nominative singular)
monètos (nominative plural)
monètos (genitive singular)
monètų (genitive plural)
monètai (dative singular)
monètoms (dative plural)
monètą (accusative singular)
monetàs (accusative plural)
monetà (instrumental singular)
monètomis (instrumental plural)
monètoje (locative singular)
monètose (locative plural)
monèta (singular vocative)
monètos (plural vocative)

Ultimately from Latin moneta, likely via Polish moneta and/or Russian моне́та (monéta).

mokėti monetomis


moneta

monetka (diminutive)
moneta (nominative singular)
monety (nominative plural)
monety (genitive singular)
monet (genitive plural)
monecie (dative singular)
monetom (dative plural)
monetę (accusative singular)
monety (accusative plural)
monetą (instrumental singular)
monetami (instrumental plural)
monecie (locative singular)
monetach (locative plural)
moneto (singular vocative)
monety (plural vocative)

→ Lithuanian: moneta

desctree

→ Russian: монета (moneta), моне́т (monét) — obsolete vernacular form
→ Armenian: մանեթ (manetʻ)
→ Azerbaijani: manat
→? Finnish: moni (obsolete, Helsinki slang)
→ Georgian: მანეთი (maneti)
→ Ingrian: monetta
→ Karakalpak: manat
→ Kazakh: мәнет (mänet)
→ Persian: منات (manât)
→ Turkmen: manat
→ Yakut: манньыат (mannyıat)
→ Abkhaz: амааҭ (amaat)

→ Yiddish: מאָנעטע (monete)

Learned borrowing from Latin monēta. Doublet of manat and mennica (“mint”).


złoty

A special working fund administered by the State Agricultural Bank was established to meet all expenses connected with the measures necessary for improving the agrarian structure of the country. In the beginning it amounted to 900,000,000 złotys. After a cancellation of part of its obligations due on small farms, the balance by December 31, 1938, was more than 667,000,000 złotys.

1945, Bernadotte E[verly] Schmitt, editor, Poland, Berkeley, Calif., Los Angeles, Calif.: University of California Press, pages 228–229:

Accordingly, if the estate is worth 90,000 złotys and the deceased leaves a widow A, and two children B and C, and B has already received 60,000 złotys, the calculation is as follows:- the value of a notional estate equals 150,000 złotys (90,000 + 60,000) and each share amounts to 50,000 złotys.

1973, D. Lasok, editor, Polish Civil Law, volume I, Leiden: A.W. Sijthoff, →ISBN, page 270:

Once in the field, the Sonderdienstmann received 90 złotys per month with a supplement of 11 złotys per month when on active duty outside the normal duty station. By the summer of 1941, Sonderdienst men were receiving benefits, including free housing and uniforms as well as an untaxed food allowance of 2.70 złotys per day.

2005, Peter Black, “The Sonderdienst”, in Pieter M. Judson, Marsha L. Rozenblit, editors, Constructing Nationalities in East Central Europe (Austrian and Habsburg Studies; volume 6), New York, N.Y., Oxford: Berghahn Books, →ISBN, page 250:

At one extreme, Symeon Szydłowski, the castellan of Żarnów, suggested exempting parish priests with less than 3,000 złotys from the new tax. At the other, Suchodolski protested that poor nobles with families on 500 złotys a year would also find defenders.

2012, Richard Butterwick, The Polish Revolution and the Catholic Church, 1788–1792: A Political History, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 92:


złoty

zł (abbreviation)
złoty (nominative singular)
złote (nominative plural)
złotego (genitive singular)
złotych (genitive plural)
złotemu (dative singular)
złotym (dative plural)
złotego (accusative singular)
złote (accusative plural)
złotym (instrumental singular)
złotymi (instrumental plural)
złotym (locative singular)
złotych (locative plural)
złoty (singular vocative)
złote (plural vocative)

desc

→ Arabic: زْلوتِي, زْووتِي

→ Arabic: زْلوتِي, زْووتِي

→ Armenian: զլոտի (zloti)

→ Belarusian: зло́ты (zlóty)

→ Bulgarian: зло́ти (zlóti)

→ Catalan: esloti

→ Chinese: 茲羅提／兹罗提 (zīluótí)

→ Czech: zlotý

→ Danish: zloty

→ English: zloty, złoty

→ Esperanto: zloto

→ Finnish: zloty

→ French: zloty, złoty

→ Georgian: ზლოტი (zloṭi)

→ German: Zloty, Złoty

→ Greek: ζλότι (zlóti)

→ Hebrew: זלוטי

→ Hungarian: zloty, złoty

→ Japanese: ズロティ, ズウォティ

→ Japanese: ズロティ, ズウォティ

→ Korean: 즐로티 (jeulloti)

→ Macedonian: злоти (zloti)

→ Navajo: zwótii

→ Norwegian: zloty

→ Portuguese: zloty, zloti

→ Romanian: zlot

desctree

→ Russian: зло́тый (zlótyj)
→ Kazakh: злотый (zlotyi)

→ Serbo-Croatian: zlot, злот

→ Slovak: zlotý

→ Slovene: zlot

→ Spanish: esloti, zloty

→ Swedish: zloty, złoty

desc

→ Thai: ซวอตือ

→ Thai: ซวอตือ

→ Ukrainian: зло́тий (zlótyj)

→ Yiddish: זלאָטע (zlote)

Inherited from Old Polish złoty. Compare Silesian złoty. Doublet of chlor, zielony, and żółty. In currency sense, compare Dutch gulden.

(nominalized) zloty (currency of Poland)


lire

Borrowed from Italian lira, compare French livre.


lire

liren (definite singular)
lirar (indefinite plural)
lire (indefinite plural)
lirane (definite plural)

Italian plural of lira, from Latin libra (“pound, weight”). Doublet of lira.


fils

(numismatics) Subdivision of currency used in many Arab countries.


fils

fils (nominative singular)
filsy (nominative plural)
filsa (genitive singular)
filsów (genitive plural)
filsowi (dative singular)
filsom (dative plural)
fils (accusative singular)
filsy (accusative plural)
filsem (instrumental singular)
filsami (instrumental plural)
filsie (locative singular)
filsach (locative plural)
filsie (singular vocative)
filsy (plural vocative)


pera

Borrowed from Spanish perra (“cash; 5 and 10 centimo peseta coins”, literally “bitch / female dog”), feminine of perro (“dog”), due to the circulation of perra gorda (“ten centimo peseta coin”), perra chica (“five centimo peseta coin”). Such coins depicted a poorly drawn Spanish heraldic lion rampant regardant and people called the lion humorously a perra.
Potet (2016) also remarked that the word seems to be a cross between Malay perak and Spanish perra, wherein an interference could've occurred between the colloquial senses of Spanish perra (“cash; dough (money)”, literally “bitch (dog)”) and Malay perak (“coin”, literally “silver”). See also pilak.
Alternatively, possibly from Spanish pela (“one peseta coin”, literally “a hit or beating”), also with a similar lion design.


som

From Kyrgyz сом (som) and Uzbek сўм (soʻm) (Cyrillic) / soʻm (Roman), both of which come from the Turkic root *som ("pure [gold]").

Kyrgyzstani som
Som (currency)
Uzbekistani sum


allowance

en-noun

allowance (countable and uncountable, plural allowances)

→ Cebuano: alawans

→ Malay: élaun

From Middle English allouance, from Old French alouance.
Morphologically allow + -ance.

She gives her daughters each an allowance of thirty dollars a month.


numismatics

From French numismatique, from Late Latin numisma, numismatis (“coin”), variant of Latin nomisma, from Ancient Greek νόμισμα (nómisma, “current coin, custom”), from νομίζω (nomízō, “I hold or own as a custom, usage, I use customarily, practise, I am used to”), from νόμος (nómos, “usage, custom”), from νέμω (némō, “I keep, hold, watch”).

der

The study of coins, tokens, medals and paper money

The collecting of coins, tokens, medals and paper money


stuffing

en-noun

stuffing (countable and uncountable, plural stuffings)

(US, finance, law) A tax loophole whereby a corporation acquires property that will result in a loss of revenue, purely in order to reduce its tax liability.


spot

→ Catalan: espot

From Middle English spot, spotte, partially from Middle Dutch spotte (“spot, speck”), and partially merging with Middle English splot, from Old English splott (“spot, plot of land”), from Proto-West Germanic *splott, from Proto-Germanic *spluttaz (“segment”), from Proto-Indo-European *splt-no- (“an off-split, segment”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)pel- (“to split”). Cognate with North Frisian spot (“speck, piece of ground”), Low German spot (“speck”), Old Norse spotti (“small piece”). See also splot, splotch.

cog

A food fish (Leiostomus xanthurus) of the Atlantic coast of the United States, with a black spot behind the shoulders and fifteen oblique dark bars on the sides.


סנט

he-noun

סֶנְט • (sent) m (plural indefinite סנטים)

סֶנְט (canonical)
sent (romanization)
סנטים (indefinite plural)

(money) cent (a subunit of currency equal to one-hundredth of the main unit of currency in many countries)

(music) cent (a hundredth of a semitone or half step)


lira

lire (plural)
lira (plural)
liras (plural)

From Italian lira, from Latin lībra (partly via Turkish lira, Arabic لِيرَة (līra), Maltese lira, Greek λίρα (líra), and Hebrew לִירָה (“lirá”), all of which are originally from the Italian). Doublet of libra and livre.

The former currency of Italy, Malta, San Marino, Cyprus and the Vatican City, superseded by the euro


lira

lira (nominative singular)
liry (nominative plural)
liry (genitive singular)
lir (genitive plural)
liře (dative singular)
lirám (dative plural)
liru (accusative singular)
liry (accusative plural)
liro (singular vocative)
liry (plural vocative)
liře (locative singular)
lirách (locative plural)
lirou (instrumental singular)
lirami (instrumental plural)

Borrowed from Italian lira, from Latin lībra.


lira

Turkish: lira


lira

From Latin lyra, from Ancient Greek λύρᾱ (lúrā).

Dopo Terpandro venne Timoteo, che tentò di perfezionare la lira portandone le corde da sette a undici.

1959, Indro Montanelli, “Capitolo tredicesimo: Licurgo [Thirteenth Chapter: Lykourgos]”, in Storia dei Greci [History of the Greeks], 39th edition, Milan, published 1973, page 119:

After Terpander came Timotheus, who tried to perfect the lyre increasing the number of its strings from seven to eleven.


lira

head

lira m (definite singular liraen, indefinite plural liraar or liraer or lira, definite plural liraane or liraene)

liraen (definite singular)
liraar (indefinite plural)
liraer (indefinite plural)
lira (indefinite plural)
liraane (definite plural)
liraene (definite plural)


lira

Borrowed from Maltese lira, from Italian lira, from Latin lībra.

(historical) lira (former unit of currency of Malta)


lira

lira (nominative singular)
liry (nominative plural)
liry (genitive singular)
lir (genitive plural)
lirze (dative singular)
lirom (dative plural)
lirę (accusative singular)
liry (accusative plural)
lirą (instrumental singular)
lirami (instrumental plural)
lirze (locative singular)
lirach (locative plural)
liro (singular vocative)
liry (plural vocative)

Borrowed from Turkish lira, from Italian lira, from Latin lībra.


lira

Borrowed from Italian lira, from Latin libra. Doublet of libra.


lira

lira (definite accusative lirayı, plural liralar)

lirayı (accusative definite)
liralar (plural)
lira (nominative singular)
liralar (nominative plural)
lirayı (accusative definite singular)
liraları (accusative definite plural)
liraya (dative singular)
liralara (dative plural)
lirada (locative singular)
liralarda (locative plural)
liradan (ablative singular)
liralardan (ablative plural)
liranın (genitive singular)
liraların (genitive plural)

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish لیره, لیرا, from Italian lira, from Latin lībra.

Türk lirası