oro

Chavacano: oro

→ Cebuano: oro

→ Navajo: óola

→ Seri: hooro

→ Taos: ùruʼúna

→ Tagalog: oro

Inherited from Old Spanish oro, from Latin aurum (compare Catalan or, Dalmatian jaur, French or, Galician ouro, Italian oro, Occitan aur, Portuguese ouro, Romanian aur), from Proto-Italic *auzom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂é-h₂us-o- (“glow”). Cognate with English aurum.


Raney nickel

en-noun

Raney nickel (countable and uncountable, plural Raney nickels)

It was developed in 1926 by American engineer Murray Raney.

A finely divided nickel-aluminum alloy that has been treated with NaOH to dissolve out most of the aluminum.


Bronze Age

(mythology) One of the Classical Ages of Man, associated with warfare.


artificial horizon

artificial horizon (plural artificial horizons)

(aviation) An instrument that displays the pitch and roll of an aircraft in flight by comparing its attitude to a gyroscopically-maintained indication of the flat horizon line.

(obsolete) A small trough containing mercury, the surface of which shows a reflection of the celestial bodies.


dichromic acid

(inorganic chemistry) A relatively unstable form of chromic acid, H₂Cr₂O₇, known only in solution or as its salts, the dichromates, from which it may be prepared.


chromic acid

(inorganic chemistry) A corrosive acid, H₂CrO₄, known only in solution or as its salts, the chromates (from which it may be prepared); it is a very powerful oxidizing agent.


Benedict's solution

After an American chemist, Stanley Rossiter Benedict.

(physical chemistry, organic chemistry) A solution of sodium citrate, sodium carbonate and copper sulfate whose colour changes from blue to yellow or red in the presence of reducing sugars such as glucose.


dichromate

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(chemistry) Any salt of dichromic acid; in solution the orange dichromate anion.(Cr₂O₇²⁻) is in equilibrium with the yellow chromate anion (CrO₄²⁻), the relative amount of each ion depending on the pH; they are both very powerful oxidizing agents


Britannia silver

An alloy of more than 95.84% silver, and up to 4.16% copper; in use for coin from 1697 to 1720, it was withdrawn because it was too soft.


permanganic acid

(chemistry) the acid, HMnO₄, known only as its salts, the permanganates


potassium permanganate

potassium permanganate (plural potassium permanganates)

(chemistry) KMnO₄, the most readily available commercial permanganate; it is used as an oxidizing agent both in industry and in the analytical laboratory.


permanganate

potassium permanganate
potassium permanganate

(inorganic chemistry) potassium permanganate


quilate

Borrowed from Arabic قِيرَاط (qīrāṭ), from Ancient Greek κεράτιον (kerátion). Cognate with Galician and Spanish quilate.

metric carat, unit of mass for precious stones and pearls, equal to 200 mg

(historical) carat, traditional unit of mass for precious stones and pearls, equivalent to about 199 mg


karat

From Middle English carat, from Middle French carat, from Medieval Latin carratus. Doublet of carat, ceratium, and quilate.

(US) A unit of fineness or concentration of gold equalling 1/24 part of gold in an alloy.


cupreous

en-adj

cupreous (comparative more cupreous, superlative most cupreous)

more cupreous (comparative)
most cupreous (superlative)

From Latin cupreus, from cuprum (“copper”).

(inorganic chemistry) Containing copper.


pig iron

en-noun

pig iron (usually uncountable, plural pig irons)

We spent a lot of time up on the staging of the great furnaces, trying to pick up the tricks of the trade from the taciturn furnacemen who sat around placidly smoking, or chewing twist, and occasionally throwing in more pig iron to the molten white-hot metal.

1945 January and February, A Former Pupil, “Some Memories of Crewe Works—III”, in Railway Magazine, page 14:

A type of crude, brittle iron shaped like a block, unsuitable for working but suitable for casting, commonly used as an industrial raw material.


corrosive sublimate

(inorganic chemistry, obsolete) mercuric chloride


cinnabar

cinnabar (countable and uncountable, plural cinnabars)

/ˈsɪn.əˌbɑɹ/

/ˈsɪn.əˌbɑɹ/

First attested in the mid-15th century. From Middle English cynabare, from Old French cinabre, from Latin cinnabaris, from Ancient Greek κιννάβαρι (kinnábari), of unknown origin.

A deep red mineral, mercuric sulfide, HgS; the principal ore of mercury; such ore used as the pigment vermilion.


tantalate

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ртуть

uk-noun

ртуть • (rtutʹ) f inan (genitive рту́ті, uncountable, relational adjective рту́тний)

rtutʹ (romanization)
рту́ті (genitive)
рту́тний (adjective relational)
ртуть (nominative singular)
рту́ті (genitive singular)
рту́ті (dative singular)
ртуть (accusative singular)
рту́ттю (instrumental singular)
рту́ті (locative singular)
рту́те (singular vocative)

From Proto-Slavic *rьtǫtь, related to Lithuanian risti (“to roll”), and cognate to Polish rtęć and Czech rtuť.

mercury, quicksilver (chemical element Hg)


viridian

en-noun

viridian (countable and uncountable, plural viridians)

From Latin viridis, from the verb vireō (“be verdant, sprout”).

It would be difficult to exaggerate the value of this addition to the artist’s palette. The colour of viridian is a very deep bluish green of great purity and transparency. It furnishes, with aureolin on the one hand and with ultramarine on the other, an immense number of beautiful hues, adapted to represent the colours of vegetation and of water.

1890, Arthur Herbert Church, chapter 16, in The Chemistry of Paints and Painting, 3rd edition, London: Seeley & Co., published 1901, page 195:

chromium sesquioxide
chromium sesquioxide

A bluish-green pigment made from chromium sesquioxide.


tantalic acid

(chemistry) the hydrated form of tantalum oxide, Ta₂O₅


titanate

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(chemistry) Any salt or ester of titanic acid.


titanium dioxide

titanium dioxide (plural titanium dioxides)

(chemistry) a brilliant white powder, TiO₂, used as a pigment, and in sunblock, toothpaste and cosmetics


vanadic acid

(chemistry) any of various hydrated forms of vanadium pentoxide


vanadium pentoxide

vanadium pentoxide (countable and uncountable, plural vanadium pentoxides)

(inorganic chemistry) An orange crystalline powder, V₂O₅, used as a catalyst in the production of sulphuric acid etc.


vanadate

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touchstone

The foregoing doctrine affords us also a touchstone for the trial of spirits.

1692–1717, Robert South, Twelve Sermons Preached upon Several Occasions, volume (please specify |volume=I to VI), London:

"Expectation of life" is an elastic term: the touchstone here is rather the aggregate amount of work that the locomotive does during its working life.

1950 January, Cecil J. Allen, “British Locomotive Practice and Performance”, in Railway Magazine, page 12:

Although there has not been very much direct treatment of the Holocaust in analytic moral philosophy, the Nazis appear again and again as examples or touchstones in the construction of moral theories.

2002 January, Eve Garrard, “Forgiveness and the Holocaust”, in Ethical Theory and Moral Practice, page 147:

In the print firestorm that followed the publication of the royal couple's letters, the generalissima was one polemical touchstone. The Annotations to The Kings Cabinet Opened itself depicted the queen as an enemy to king and country: […]

2012, Ann Baynes Coiro, Thomas Fulton, Rethinking Historicism from Shakespeare to Milton, page 243:

(figurative, by extension) A standard of comparison or evaluation.


ferrous

en-adj

ferrous (comparative more ferrous, superlative most ferrous)

more ferrous (comparative)
most ferrous (superlative)

(chemistry) Of compounds of iron in which it has a valence or oxidation number of 2.


золото

ru-noun+

зо́лото • (zóloto) n inan (genitive зо́лота, uncountable, relational adjective золото́й, diminutive зо́лотце, pejorative золоти́шко)

зо́лото (canonical)
zóloto (romanization)
зо́лота (genitive)
золото́й (adjective relational)
зо́лотце (diminutive)
золоти́шко (pejorative)
зо́лото (nominative singular)
зо́лота (genitive singular)
зо́лоту (dative singular)
зо́лото (accusative singular)
зо́лотом (instrumental singular)
зо́лоте (prepositional singular)
зо́лото (dated nominative singular)
зо́лота (dated genitive singular)
зо́лоту (dated dative singular)
зо́лото (accusative dated singular)
зо́лотомъ (dated instrumental singular)
зо́лотѣ (dated prepositional singular)

→ Aleut: zuulutax̂

Inherited from Old East Slavic золото (zoloto), from Proto-Slavic *zolto, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰolh₃tom (o-grade), from *ǵʰelh₃- (“yellow; gleam; to shine”). Doublet of зла́то (zláto), borrowed from Old Church Slavonic злато (zlato).
Compare Ukrainian золото (zoloto), Belarusian золата (zólata), Bulgarian and Macedonian злато (zlato), Czech, Serbo-Croatian, Slovene, and Slovak zlato, Polish, Kashubian, Lower Sorbian, and Upper Sorbian złoto, Polabian zlåtă.


золото

uk-noun

зо́лото • (zóloto) n inan (genitive зо́лота, uncountable, relational adjective золоти́й)

зо́лото (canonical)
zóloto (romanization)
зо́лота (genitive)
золоти́й (adjective relational)
зо́лото (nominative singular)
зо́лота (genitive singular)
зо́лотові (dative singular)
зо́лоту (dative singular)
зо́лото (accusative singular)
зо́лотом (instrumental singular)
зо́лоту (locative singular)
зо́лоті (locative singular)
зо́лото (singular vocative)

Inherited from Old East Slavic золото (zoloto), from Proto-Slavic *zolto, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰolh₃tom (o-grade), from *ǵʰelh₃- (“yellow; gleam; to shine”).


lined gold

Gold foil having a lining of another metal.


chrome

en-noun

chrome (usually uncountable, plural chromes)

Chromium, when used to plate other metals.


хром

uk-noun

хром • (xrom) m inan (genitive хро́му, uncountable, relational adjective хро́мовий)

xrom (romanization)
хро́му (genitive)
хро́мовий (adjective relational)
хром (nominative singular)
хро́му (genitive singular)
хро́мові (dative singular)
хро́му (dative singular)
хром (accusative singular)
хро́мом (instrumental singular)
хро́му (locative singular)
хро́мі (locative singular)
хро́ме (singular vocative)

From French chrome, from Ancient Greek χρῶμα (khrôma, “colour”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰrew- (“to grind, rub”)).


chalco-

From New Latin, from Ancient Greek χαλκός (khalkós, “copper”). Despite the appearance in English of a possible relation of chalco- to chalk, and any plausible semantic and cognate connections between limestones and ores in ancient times, the terms are not related by any known cognation. Note also the hard ch sound (/k/) in chalco- and words generated therefrom, which differs from the soft ch sound in chalk.

Copper; relatedly, also bronze or brass.


aurum

→ Malay: aurum

From Latin aurum (“gold”). Doublet of or.

Gold (used in the names of various substances, see "Derived terms").


aurum

la-noun

aurum n (genitive aurī); second declension

aurī (genitive)
aurum (nominative singular)
aurī (genitive singular)
aurō (dative singular)
aurum (accusative singular)
aurō (ablative singular)
aurum (singular vocative)

Balkan-Romance:

Aromanian: avru

Istro-Romanian: aur

Romanian: aur

Dalmatian:

jaur, yaur, uar, vuar, iuar

Italo-Romance:

Corsican: oru

Italian: oro

→ Esperanto: oro

→ Sardinian: oru, oro

Neapolitan: oro

Sicilian: oru, àuru

North Italian:

Gallo-Italic:

Emilian: òr, ôr

Ligurian: öo

Lombard: òr

Piedmontese: òr

Romagnol: or

Friulian: aur

Ladin: or

Romansch: aur, or, ôr

Venetan: oro

Gallo-Romance:

Franco-Provençal: or, eu, eur, ouâ

Occitan: aur

Old Catalan: or, aur

Catalan: or

desctree

Old French: or
Middle French: or, aur (alternate Latinized spelling)
French: or
Haitian Creole: lò
→ English: or
Walloon: ôr

Ibero-Romance:

Aragonese: oro

Old Leonese:

Asturian: oru

Extremaduran: oru

Leonese: ouru, oru

Mirandese: ouro

Old Galician-Portuguese: ouro
Galician: ouro
Portuguese: ouro (see there for further descendants)

Old Spanish: oro

Ladino: oro

Spanish: oro

Ancient borrowings:

→ Albanian: ar

→ Old Irish: ór
Irish: ór
Manx: airh
Scottish Gaelic: òr

→ Proto-Brythonic: *awr
Breton: aour
Old Cornish: our
Cornish: owr
Old Welsh: our
Welsh: awr
Middle Welsh: eur (probably < Latin aureus)
Welsh: aur

Later borrowings:

→ English: aurum

→ Italian: auro, auro-

Rhoticization of Old Latin ausum, from Proto-Italic *auzom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂é-h₂us-óm (“gold”), from *h₂ews- (“to dawn, become light, become red”). Cognate with Lithuanian áuksas, Old Lithuanian ausas, Old Prussian ausis, Tocharian A wäs, Tocharian B yasā.

any object made of gold, such as a gold coin or a gold ring


aqua regia

/ˈɑː.kwə ˈɹeɪ.ɡi.ə/

/ˌækwə ˈɹiː.ʒə/

ăʹkwə-rēʹjē-ə

Borrowed from Latin aqua regia (literally “royal water”), so named because it is one of the few solvents capable of dissolving noble metals.

bor+

Consider another example. If gold is placed in aqua regia then it dissolves. Aqua regia is a mixture of nitric and hydrochloric acids that dissolves gold or platinum. Observation of gold dissolving in aqua regia (argument 1 1) lends credence to the above conditional statement.
Not placing the gold into aqua regia and gold not dissolving (argument 0 0) does not disprove the truth-value of this conditional.

2005, D.J. Krus, Elements of Propositional Calculus:

(inorganic chemistry, archaic) A mixture of three parts concentrated hydrochloric acid to one part concentrated nitric acid, named for its ability to dissolve gold.


gold leaf

But this Cobweb Lawn is too thin; a gold Leaf to cover the forgoing poison: For nothing is more plain, that he means, that the King is the Head Conspirator in all this slavery […]

The streets of Nankin are sometimes strewed with gold leaf; very different are those of London: in the midst of their pavements, a great lazy puddle moves muddily along […]

1712, The miscellaneous works of Oliver Goldsmith, volume 4, page 11:

I cannot take a better illustration of this than that of gold leaf, because it brings before us the reason of this apparent difference in the time of the fall.

1860 January 7, The Chemical News, page 55:

After the gesso was quite smooth and even it was covered with thin layers of tempered bole, to form a colour ground under the gold leaf, and to provide a sleek, lustrous cushion for the under side of the gold to rest on while the burnisher was pressing on the top.

1956, Daniel Varney Thompson, The Materials and Techniques of Medieval Painting:

Today, gold leaf can be machine-beaten to 0.1 micron and to 0.05 micron when beaten by a skilled craftsman.

2001, Milton Ohring, Materials Science of Thin Films, page xix:


gild

en-verb

gild (third-person singular simple present gilds, present participle gilding, simple past and past participle gilded or gilt)

gilds (present singular third-person)
gilding (participle present)
gilded (participle past)
gilded (past)
gilt (participle past)
gilt (past)

From Middle English gilden, gulden, from Old English gyldan (“to gild, to cover with a thin layer of gold”), from Proto-West Germanic *gulþijan, from Proto-Germanic *gulþijaną, from Proto-Germanic *gulþą (“gold”).

inh

High above the city, on a tall column, stood the statue of the Happy Prince. He was gilded all over with thin leaves of fine gold, for eyes he had two bright sapphires, and a large red ruby glowed on his sword-hilt.

1888 May, Oscar Wilde, “The Happy Prince”, in The Happy Prince and Other Tales, London: David Nutt, […], →OCLC, page 1:

(transitive) To cover with a thin layer of gold; to cover with gold leaf.


siderophile

Goldschmidt classification
Goldschmidt classification

(chemistry, geology) In the Goldschmidt classification, an element that forms alloys easily with iron and is concentrated in the Earth's core.


verdigris

en-noun

verdigris (countable and uncountable, plural verdigrises)

From Middle English vertegrez, from Old French verte grez (literally “acidic green”), an alteration of older verte de Grece (literally “green of Greece”). The modern French writing of this word is vert-de-gris (literally “green of gray”).

der

(organic chemistry, dated) Copper acetate.


zirconia

en-noun

zirconia (countable and uncountable, plural zirconias)

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(chemistry) The oxide of zirconium, obtained as a white powder, and possessing both acid and basic properties. On account of its infusibility, and brilliant luminosity when incandescent, it is used as an ingredient of sticks for the Drummond light.


prospector

A large number of prospectors have crossed over the divide to the British head waters of the Yukon, in search of the rich diggings found by a lucky few last year.

1886 June 9, “Geographical Notes”, in Science, volume VIII, number 179, New York: The Science Company, page 27:

The south polar region of Promethei Planum developed a Bermuda Triangle reputation. Satellites detected intermittent mass concentrations and magnetic field shifts. In 2148, prospectors working near Deseado Crater discovered an underground complex: a Prothean observation post. The odd phenomena were generated by the operation and discharge of a mass effect core, struggling to function despite fifty millennia of neglect.

2008, BioWare, Mass Effect (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC, scene: Protheans: Mars Ruins Codex entry:

A person who explores or prospects an area in search of mineral deposits, such as gold.


ferroalloy

Any alloy of iron and another metal, especially one of silicon, manganese, chromium, vanadium, tungsten, titanium and molybdenum; used in the production of specialist steels as they have a lower melting point than the pure metal.


ferrite

ferrite (countable and uncountable, plural ferrites)

From New Latin, from Latin ferrum (“iron”) + -ite.

Technical terms like ferrite, perlite, graphite, and hardenite were bandied to and fro, and when Paget glibly brought out such a rare exotic as ferro-molybdenum, Benson forgot that he was a master ship-builder, […]

1928, Lawrence R. Bourne, chapter 4, in Well Tackled!:

The interstitial solid solution of carbon in body-centered cubic iron.

The actual hardware is obsolete; for example, the memories are of the old ferrite core type.

1986 June 6, Richard Feynman, “Personal observations on the reliability of the Shuttle”, in Presidential Commission on the Space Shuttle Challenger Accident, Report to the President:

Any of a class of metal oxides which show ferrimagnetism; used in transformers, inductors, antennas, recording heads, microwave devices, motors and loudspeakers.

(inorganic chemistry) The anion FeO₂²⁻, and any of the salts (formally derived from the unknown ferrous acid) derived from it.


chromous

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(chemistry) of, relating to, or containing chromium, especially in oxidation state 2


chromic

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(chemistry) of, relating to, or containing chromium, especially in oxidation state 3


srebro

srebro (nominative singular)
srebra (genitive singular)
srebru (dative singular)
srebro (accusative singular)
srebrem (instrumental singular)
srebrze (locative singular)
srebro (singular vocative)

→ Belarusian: срэ́бра (srébra)

→ Ukrainian: срі́бло (sríblo)


jeweller's rouge

A mild red polishing abrasive made from finely ground iron oxide (rust), used by jewellers and lens-makers for finishing surfaces, and as a red pigment in paints.


iron oxide

iron oxide (countable and uncountable, plural iron oxides)

(chemistry) Either of two compounds obtained by the reaction of oxygen on iron. Generally known as rust when hydrated.


cupro-

From Late Latin cuprum (“copper”) through its compound form in -o-.

(inorganic chemistry) Of or pertaining to copper.


golden calf

(by extension) Money as an end in itself; mammon.


ferrate

(inorganic chemistry) The anion FeO₄²⁻ in which iron is in a +6 formal oxidation state.


gold standard

In countries that accepted the gold standard, currency could be exchanged at a bank for a fixed weight of gold.

2002, Philip Ball, The Elements: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford, published 2004, page 57:

(economics) A monetary system where the value of circulating money is linked to the value of gold.


silver bullet

(literally, folklore) A bullet made of silver, usually with reference to the folkloric belief that such bullets are the only weapons which can kill a werewolf, vampire, or other monster.


zincate

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(chemistry) Any salt formally derived from zinc oxide or hydroxide by combination with a more electropositive element.

zincato

any salt formally derived from zinc oxide or hydroxide by combination with a more electropositive element


железо

ru-noun+

желе́зо • (želézo) n inan (genitive желе́за, nominative plural желе́за, genitive plural желе́з, relational adjective желе́зный)

желе́зо (canonical)
želézo (romanization)
желе́за (genitive)
желе́за (nominative plural)
желе́з (genitive plural)
желе́зный (adjective relational)
желе́зо (nominative singular)
желе́за (nominative plural)
желе́за (genitive singular)
желе́з (genitive plural)
желе́зу (dative singular)
желе́зам (dative plural)
желе́зо (accusative singular)
желе́за (accusative plural)
желе́зом (instrumental singular)
желе́зами (instrumental plural)
желе́зе (prepositional singular)
желе́зах (plural prepositional)

Inherited from Old East Slavic желѣзо (želězo), from Proto-Slavic *želězo.


ironclad

Unlike the average vehicle, cash delivery vans are ironclad and almost unstoppable.

In that flickering pallor it had the effect of a large and clumsy black insect, an insect the size of an ironclad cruiser, crawling obliquely to the first line of trenches and firing shots out of portholes in its side.

1903, The Land Ironclads, Digitized edition (Science Fiction), Project Gutenberg, published 2006:

Covered with iron, steel, or some metal; armor-plated.

The suspect had an ironclad alibi for his whereabouts on the night of the crime.

(figuratively) Solid or certain; not able to be disputed or questioned; irrefutable.


ironclad

About a couple of miles out lay an ironclad very low in the water, almost, to my brother's perception, like a water-logged ship. This was the ram Thunder Child.

1898, H.G. Wells, The War of the Worlds, London: William Heinemann, page 178:

(military) An armor-plated warship, (especially) one preceding the invention of harveyized steel.


vanadyl

en-noun

vanadyl (usually uncountable, plural vanadyls)

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(chemistry) The divalent radical VO, or the cation VO²⁺.


siderocyte

An abnormal red blood cell that has iron granules that are not part of the hemoglobin.


chromo-

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From Ancient Greek χρῶμα (khrôma, “color”).


manganous

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(chemistry) Containing manganese in its +2 oxidation state.


mangano-

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manganic

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(chemistry) Containing manganese in its higher oxidation states.


manganate

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(chemistry) Any compound containing the ion MnO₄²⁻.


ouro

→ Kadiwéu: oolo

→ Itsekiri: oro

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese ouro, from Latin aurum, from Latin ausum, from Proto-Italic *auzom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂é-h₂us-o- (“glow”).


cobalto-

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cobaltous

en-adj

cobaltous (comparative more cobaltous, superlative most cobaltous)

more cobaltous (comparative)
most cobaltous (superlative)

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(chemistry) Containing cobalt in oxidation state 2.


cobalti-

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cobaltic

cobaltic (comparative more cobaltic, superlative most cobaltic)

more cobaltic (comparative)
most cobaltic (superlative)

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(chemistry) Containing cobalt in oxidation state 3.


ferri-

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Coordinate term: ferro-

(chemistry) ferric:
Iron (the metal).
Iron of oxidation number 3.


титан

ru-noun+

титани́ческий

тита́н • (titán) m inan (genitive тита́на, nominative plural тита́ны, genitive plural тита́нов, relational adjective титани́ческий or тита́новый)

тита́н (canonical)
titán (romanization)
тита́на (genitive)
тита́ны (nominative plural)
тита́нов (genitive plural)
титани́ческий (adjective relational)
тита́новый (adjective relational)
тита́н (nominative singular)
тита́ны (nominative plural)
тита́на (genitive singular)
тита́нов (genitive plural)
тита́ну (dative singular)
тита́нам (dative plural)
тита́н (accusative singular)
тита́ны (accusative plural)
тита́ном (instrumental singular)
тита́нами (instrumental plural)
тита́не (prepositional singular)
тита́нах (plural prepositional)

→ Kazakh: титан (titan)

(colloquial, Soviet Union) boiler, wood-fired water heater


титан

uk-noun

тита́н • (tytán) m inan (genitive тита́ну, uncountable, relational adjective тита́новий)

тита́н (canonical)
tytán (romanization)
тита́ну (genitive)
тита́новий (adjective relational)
тита́н (nominative singular)
тита́ну (genitive singular)
тита́нові (dative singular)
тита́ну (dative singular)
тита́н (accusative singular)
тита́ном (instrumental singular)
тита́ну (locative singular)
тита́ні (locative singular)
тита́не (singular vocative)


nickelic

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(chemistry) Containing trivalent nickel.


nickelous

en-adj

nickelous (comparative more nickelous, superlative most nickelous)

more nickelous (comparative)
most nickelous (superlative)

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cupr-

(inorganic chemistry) Alternative form of cupro- (before a vowel)


cuprous

(inorganic chemistry) Containing copper with an oxidation number of 1.


delta iron

en-noun

delta iron (usually uncountable, plural delta irons)


Dutch metal

A form of brass, being an alloy of about 80% copper and 20% zinc, produced in thin sheets and used to make inexpensive jewelry.


cadmium yellow

cadmium yellow (countable and uncountable, plural cadmium yellows)

cadmium yellow:


argentic

(chemistry) Of certain compounds, containing silver in a lower proportion than in argentous compounds.

argêntico

of certain compounds, containing silver in a lower proportion


argentous

(chemistry) Of certain compounds, containing silver in a higher proportion than in argentic compounds.


mercurous

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(chemistry) Pertaining to or derived from mercury.

(chemistry) Of a compound, containing mercury with an oxidation number of 1.


mercuric

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From mercury + -ic, partly after French mercurique.

I was the least mercuric, the most sedentary of the three, and my poor eyesight made me an indifferent athlete, though I fenced well and even got my blue for it.

1978, Lawrence Durrell, Livia (Avignon Quintet), Faber & Faber, published 1992, page 326:


silvery

en-adj

silvery (comparative silverier, superlative silveriest)

silverier (comparative)
silveriest (superlative)

From Middle English silvery, sylvyry; equivalent to silver + -y.

OF all th' enamell'd race, whose silvery wing / Waves to the tepid zephyrs of the spring.

1728, [Alexander Pope], “(please specify the page)”, in The Dunciad. An Heroic Poem. […], Dublin, London: […] A. Dodd, →OCLC:

Nothing was to be seen save flat meadows, cows feeding unconcernedly for the most part, and silvery pollard willows motionless in the warm sunlight.

1898, H.G. Wells, The War of the Worlds, London: William Heinemann, page 98:

Manganism has been known about since the 19th century, when miners exposed to ores containing manganese, a silvery metal, began to totter, slur their speech and behave like someone inebriated.

2014 April 21, “Subtle effects”, in The Economist, volume 411, number 8884:

Resembling silver in color, shiny white.


molybdenum disulfide

(chemistry) a black, crystalline inorganic polymer of empirical formula MoS₂ that occurs as the mineral molybdenite and is used as a lubricant having a structure analogous to graphite


sterling

en-noun

sterling (countable and uncountable, plural sterlings)

From Middle English sterling, sterlinge, sterlynge, starling, of uncertain origin. Possibly from sterling (“starling”) (the bird), which at one time was stamped in quarters on the coin; or perhaps from Middle English sterre (“star”) + -ling (as in shilling), as some Norman coins presumably featured stars on them.
For the UK currency gloss, the term is a contraction of esterling, referring to eastern merchants from Baltic towns who established a bullion weight standard for transactions. (Taylor and Palmer, 1968)

Sterling silver, or articles made from this material.

чисто сребро

sterling silver, or articles made from this material


dorado

→ English: dorado

From the verb dorar (“gild, give a golden color”).


yttria

yttria (usually uncountable, plural yttrias)

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ruthenio-

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-ruthenio-.wav


arany

head

arany (countable and uncountable, plural aranyak)

aranyak (plural)
arany (nominative singular)
aranyak (nominative plural)
aranyat (accusative singular)
aranyakat (accusative plural)
aranynak (dative singular)
aranyaknak (dative plural)
arannyal (instrumental singular)
aranyakkal (instrumental plural)
aranyért (causal-final singular)
aranyakért (causal-final plural)
arannyá (singular translative)
aranyakká (plural translative)
aranyig (singular terminative)
aranyakig (plural terminative)
aranyként (essive-formal singular)
aranyakként (essive-formal plural)
aranyban (inessive singular)
aranyakban (inessive plural)
aranyon (singular superessive)
aranyakon (plural superessive)
aranynál (adessive singular)
aranyaknál (adessive plural)
aranyba (illative singular)
aranyakba (illative plural)
aranyra (singular sublative)
aranyakra (plural sublative)
aranyhoz (allative singular)
aranyakhoz (allative plural)
aranyból (elative singular)
aranyakból (elative plural)
aranyról (delative singular)
aranyakról (delative plural)
aranytól (ablative singular)
aranyaktól (ablative plural)
aranyé (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
aranyaké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
aranyéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
aranyakéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
aranyam (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
aranyaim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
aranyad (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
aranyaid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
aranya (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
aranyai (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
aranyunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
aranyaink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
aranyatok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
aranyaitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
aranyuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
aranyaik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

From Proto-Ugric *θarańa (“gold, copper”), earlier *sarańa, compare Komi-Zyrian зарни (zarńi, “gold”), Eastern Mansi тарань (taranʹ), Eastern Khanty лорня̆ (lornjă, “copper”), Erzya сырне (siŕńe). The Ugric word is probably a borrowing of Iranian origin, compare Avestan 𐬰𐬀𐬭𐬀𐬦𐬀 (zarańa), Old Persian 𐎭𐎼𐎴𐎹 (d-r-n-y /daraniya-/), Persian زر (zar, “gold”).

cog

1872, Mór Jókai, Az arany ember (Timar’s Two Worlds), part 1, chapter 10, translated by Mrs. Hegan Kennard

"Here in this casket is money—about a thousand ducats; the rest of my property is in the sacks packed as grain. I leave on my table a note which you must keep. I declare therein that I have contracted dysentery by immoderate enjoyment of melons, and am dying of it; further, that my whole possessions were only these thousand ducats. This will serve you as a security that no one may accuse you of having caused my death or embezzled my money.

Itt e szekrénykében van készpénzem. Ezer arany az egész. A többi vagyonom a zsákokban fekszik, búza alakban. Egy írást hagytam asztalomon, melyet te tégy el; mert abban bizonyítom és elismerem először azt, hogy sok dinnyeevéstől dysenteriát kaptam, s abban halok meg, másodszor azt, hogy készpénzem csupán ezer arany; nehogy téged vádoljon valaki, vagy azzal, hogy halálomat okoztad, vagy hogy pénzemből eltettél.

Magyar versenyző 1985-ben nyert legutóbb aranyat fedett Eb-n, akkor Bakos György 60 méter gáton és Pálóczi Gyula távolugrásban győzött.

2015 March 7, “Hatalmas bravúr: magyar Eb-arany atlétikában”, in Sport Géza, retrieved 2015-03-08:

The last time a Hungarian competitor won gold at an indoor European Championships was in 1985, when György Bakos won the 60m hurdles and Gyula Pálóczi the long jump.


arany

hu-adj

arany (not generally comparable, comparative aranyabb, superlative legaranyabb)

aranyabb (comparative)
legaranyabb (superlative)
arany (nominative singular)
aranyak (nominative plural)
aranyat (accusative singular)
aranyakat (accusative plural)
aranynak (dative singular)
aranyaknak (dative plural)
arannyal (instrumental singular)
aranyakkal (instrumental plural)
aranyért (causal-final singular)
aranyakért (causal-final plural)
arannyá (singular translative)
aranyakká (plural translative)
aranyig (singular terminative)
aranyakig (plural terminative)
aranyként (essive-formal singular)
aranyakként (essive-formal plural)
aranyban (inessive singular)
aranyakban (inessive plural)
aranyon (singular superessive)
aranyakon (plural superessive)
aranynál (adessive singular)
aranyaknál (adessive plural)
aranyba (illative singular)
aranyakba (illative plural)
aranyra (singular sublative)
aranyakra (plural sublative)
aranyhoz (allative singular)
aranyakhoz (allative plural)
aranyból (elative singular)
aranyakból (elative plural)
aranyról (delative singular)
aranyakról (delative plural)
aranytól (ablative singular)
aranyaktól (ablative plural)
aranyé (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
aranyaké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
aranyéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
aranyakéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)

gold, golden (made of gold or having the colour of gold)


moly

The fuselage and tail unit were constructed of welded chrome-moly steel tubing, fabric covered, with two seats in one elongated open 'bathtub' cockpit.

1990, John Wegg, General Dynamics Aircraft and Their Predecessors, page 55:


vaski

vaski (nominative singular)
vaset (nominative plural)
vasen (genitive singular)
vaskiin (genitive plural)
vaskiloin (genitive plural)
vaskia (partitive singular)
vaskija (partitive plural)
vaskiloja (partitive plural)
vaskee (illative singular)
vaskii (illative plural)
vaskiloihe (illative plural)
vases (inessive singular)
vasis (inessive plural)
vaskilois (inessive plural)
vasest (elative singular)
vasist (elative plural)
vaskiloist (elative plural)
vaselle (allative singular)
vasille (allative plural)
vaskiloille (allative plural)
vasel (adessive singular)
vasil (adessive plural)
vaskiloil (adessive plural)
vaselt (ablative singular)
vasilt (ablative plural)
vaskiloilt (ablative plural)
vaseks (singular translative)
vasiks (plural translative)
vaskiloiks (plural translative)
vaskenna (essive singular)
vaskeen (essive singular)
vaskinna (essive plural)
vaskiloinna (essive plural)
vaskiin (essive plural)
vaskiloin (essive plural)
vaskent (exessive singular)
vaskint (exessive plural)
vaskiloint (exessive plural)

From Proto-Finnic *vaski. Cognates include Finnish vaski and Estonian vask.

Vasen ja tinan sekotust saotaa bronzaks.

1937, V. A. Tetjurev, translated by N. I. Molotsova, Loonnontiito (ensimäin osa): oppikirja alkușkoulun kolmatta klaassaa vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 40:

The mixture of copper and tin is called bronze.


Fehling's solution

en-noun

Fehling's solution (countable and uncountable, plural Fehling's solutions)

From Hermann von Fehling, German chemist.

(organic chemistry) An alkaline solution of copper sulfate which changes from blue to red in the presence of an aldehyde or a reducing sugar.


Benedict's reagent

After Stanley Rossiter Benedict, American chemist.

(organic chemistry) A buffered solution of copper sulfate which changes from blue to red in the presence of a reducing sugar.

Benedict's reagent
Stanley Rossiter Benedict


manganese nodule

manganese nodule (plural manganese nodules)

1977 The most likely locations for early commercial mining of these seabed resources will be the Pacific Basin where there is a heavy concentration of manganese nodule sites at depths of between 12,500 feet and 17,500 feet. The Times - May 26, 1977 pg 27 col D

(geology) a concretion of oxides of manganese and iron found on the floor of many oceans


Bordeaux mixture

Bordeaux mixture (countable and uncountable, plural Bordeaux mixtures)

From Bordeaux in France, where it is used on vines.

Reports are coming to hand from a very large number of districts as to the success which has attended the use of the Bordeaux mixture (sulphate of copper and lime) as a preventive of potato disease.

1891 November 16, The Times, pg 12 col A:

A mixture of copper sulfate and lime that is sprayed on plants as a fungicide.


copper sulfate

(inorganic chemistry) the common name for copper(II) sulfate, CuSO₄, which forms blue crystals and is used in agriculture, dyeing, electroplating and many other applications; reducing agents reduce it to the red cuprous sulfate

سُلْفَات اَلنُّحَاس

the common name for cupric sulphate, CuSO4


wolframite

wolframite (countable and uncountable, plural wolframites)

From German Wolframit, from Wolfram, tungsten.

Coordinate term: scheelite

(mineralogy) A mineral that consists of a tungstate of iron and manganese; (Fe,Mn)WO₄; it is one of the principal ores for tungsten.


aurochloride

aurochloride (countable and uncountable, plural aurochlorides)

(inorganic chemistry, uncountable) The complex anion, AuCl₄⁻, produced when gold is dissolved in aqua regia.


aurocyanide

aurocyanide (countable and uncountable, plural aurocyanides)

(inorganic chemistry, uncountable) The complex anion, Au(CN)₂⁻, produced when gold is dissolved as part of the cyanide process.


wolfram

→ Malay: wolfram

Borrowed from German Wolfram, of obscure origin. Generally assumed to be derived from Wolf (“wolf”) + Rahm (“cream, soot”) and a term of contempt due to its lesser value compared to tin and its degradation to the tin smelting process. Else, possibly derived from a personal name, where the second element is derived from *hrabn (“raven”).


aurous

en-adj

aurous (comparative more aurous, superlative most aurous)

more aurous (comparative)
most aurous (superlative)

(inorganic chemistry) Containing univalent gold.


auriferous

auriferous (comparative more auriferous, superlative most auriferous)

more auriferous (comparative)
most auriferous (superlative)

/ɔːˈɹɪfəɹəs/

From Latin aurifer (“gold-bearing”) + the English suffix -ous. The Latin term in turn derived from aurum (“gold”) + ferō (“I carry”).

Rocks rich in gems, and mountains big with mines, / That on the high equator ridgy riſe, / Whence many a burſting ſtream auriferous plays: [...]

a. 1749 (date written), James Thomson, “Summer”, in The Seasons, London: […] A[ndrew] Millar, and sold by Thomas Cadell, […], published 1768, →OCLC, pages 70–71, lines 646–648:

To these [compounds] belong native gold, alloys of gold and silver, and the argentiferous gold, or auriferous silver, obtained from the assayings of auriferous minerals and ores.

1854, Carl Friedrich Plattner, Sheridan Muspratt, The Use of the Blowpipe in the Qualitative and Quantitative Examination of Minerals, Ores, Furnace Products, and Other Metallic Combinations:

In some places, however, quartz reefs, payably auriferous while in Silurian rock, have been followed down to subjacent granite, and have there been found to thin out and become unprofitable [...]

1887, R. A. Murray, Victoria. Geology and Physical Geography, page 126:

Containing or producing gold; gold-bearing.


mercury-vapour lamp

en-noun

mercury-vapour lamp (plural mercury-vapour lamps)

By night the carriage yard is illuminated by mercury vapour lamps on 50ft lattice steel towers remotely controlled from the diesel depot.

1962 June, “The Eastern Region completes the Colchester scheme”, in Modern Railways, page 412:

(British spelling) a gaseous discharge lamp in which the arc discharge takes place in mercury vapour; used for highway illumination and as an industrial source of ultraviolet radiation


flour gold

fine gold dust and low-grain nuggets commonly recovered by prospectors.


gold mine

South Africa has many goldmines.


niobic acid

(inorganic chemistry) the hypothetical acid HNbO₃ derived from niobic oxide Nb₂O₅, only known as its salts, the niobates


pyrochlore

pyrochlore (countable and uncountable, plural pyrochlores)

In general, the hydroxamates are used for flotation of oxidic minerals (pyrochlore, cassiterite and ilmenite), rare-earth oxides and oxide copper minerals.

2007, Srdjan M. Bulatovic, Handbook of Flotation Reagents: Chemistry, Theory and Practice, →ISBN, page 13:

(mineralogy) A mineral whose composition is that of a mixed niobate mostly of sodium, calcium and cerium, (Na,Ca)₂Nb₂O₆(OH,F).


niobate

(inorganic chemistry) Any salt, XNbO₃, of the weak niobic acid.

niobičnan

any salt, XNbO3, of the weak niobic acid


ferrocene

Any of a class of metallocenes containing an iron atom between two cyclopentadienyl rings; especially the simplest of the class bis-cyclopentadienyl iron.


molybdenite

molybdenite (countable and uncountable, plural molybdenites)

molybdenum disulfide
molybdenum disulfide

(mineralogy) A mineral, molybdenum disulfide MoS₂, that is the principal ore of molybdenum; it is structurally similar to graphite and has a similar look and feel.


bullion

bullion (countable and uncountable, plural bullions)

From Middle English bulloin, bullioun, from Anglo-Norman bullion, of obscure origin, perhaps from French bouillon, extending the sense to that of ‘melting’. Middle Dutch boelioen (“base metal”) seems to have come from the unrelated French billon.

If the mint kept back one per cent, to pay the expense of coinage, it would be against the interest of the holders of bullion to have it coined, until the coin was more valuable than the bullion by at least that fraction.

1848, John Stuart Mill, chapter VI, in Principles of Political Economy: With Some of Their Applications to Social Philosophy. […], volume II, London: John W[illiam] Parker, […], →OCLC, book III (Exchange), page 25:

A bulk quantity of precious metal, usually gold or silver, assessed by weight and typically cast as ingots.

And those which eld's strict doom did disallow, / And damn for bullion, go for current now.

1608, [Guillaume de Salluste] Du Bartas, “(please specify the page)”, in Josuah Sylvester, transl., Du Bartas His Deuine Weekes and Workes […], 3rd edition, London: […] Humfrey Lownes [and are to be sold by Arthur Iohnson […]], published 1611, →OCLC:

To beholde how it was garnysshyd and bounde, […]
The claspis and bullyons were worth a thousande pounde; […]

1523, John Skelton, A ryght delectable tratyse upon a goodly Garlande or Chapelet of Laurell; republished in John Scattergood, editor, John Skelton: The Complete English Poems, 1983, →OCLC, page 345, lines 1154–1165:

(obsolete) Showy metallic ornament, as of gold, silver, or copper, on bridles, saddles, etc.

The hair was plaited with bullion and red riband, and then wound round the head, something after the fashion of a turban, save that it entirely displayed the forehead.

1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], chapter XXII, in Francesca Carrara. […], volume I, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 257:

(obsolete) A heavy twisted fringe, made of fine gold or silver wire and used for epaulets; also, any heavy twisted fringe whose cords are prominent.

(glassblowing) The mark left on a glass piece from its attachment to a punty.


gold-bearing

en-adj

gold-bearing (comparative more gold-bearing, superlative most gold-bearing)

more gold-bearing (comparative)
most gold-bearing (superlative)

(of a mineral or ore) containing or producing gold


Nichrome

An alloy of nickel and chromium, typically 80% nickel and 20% chromium, used to make heating elements.


nickeline

en-noun

nickeline (usually uncountable, plural nickelines)

(mineralogy) A mineral, a form of nickel arsenide, NiAs, having a metallic lustre and copper-red colour, that is a minor ore of nickel.


iron-sulfur cluster

iron-sulfur cluster (plural iron-sulfur clusters)

(biochemistry) A unit comprising two or more iron atoms and bridging sulfur ligands in an iron-sulfur protein.


iron-sulfur protein

iron-sulfur protein (plural iron-sulfur proteins)

(biochemistry) any protein in which iron is coordinated with cysteine sulfur and sometimes also with inorganic sulfur; they have electron transfer and enzymatic function


tantalous

(chemistry) Containing tantalum in a higher proportion than tantalic compounds.


tantalic

(chemistry) Containing pentavalent tantalum.


tantalite

(mineralogy) A dark-brown mineral that is an ore of tantalum and niobium, of the chemical formula (Fe, Mn) Ta₂O₆.


auride

(inorganic chemistry) Any anion of gold; any salt containing such an anion.


tetramethylammonium auride

tetramethylammonium auride (plural tetramethylammonium aurides)

(organic chemistry) A transparent, crystalline compound, (CH₃)₄N⁺Au⁻, obtained by an ion exchange reaction of caesium auride in liquid ammonia.


aurate

(inorganic chemistry) Any salt of auric acid.


hemochromatosis

hemochromatosis (countable and uncountable, plural hemochromatoses)

/ˌhiːmə(ʊ)ˌkɹəʊməˈtəʊsɪs/

From hemo- (“blood”) + chromat- (“color”) + -osis (“disease”), from the changing color of blood affected by the disorder.

affix

Sometimes, it’s not the potential for big profits that restricts access to a gene test, but just the opposite-lack of commercial incentive. In 1996, a Stanford University research team found the gene for hemochromatosis, a little-known disease in which the blood absorbs abnormally high levels of iron from the diet.

2001, Arthur Allen, “Who Owns My Disease?”, in Mother Jones:

She flips another page and says, “Oh, now this is interesting.” Apparently I carry one of the two genetic mutations required to develop hemochromatosis, an iron-overload disorder that destroys the liver.

2005, Michael Rosenwald, “Will You Be Able to Predict—And Prevent—Your Disease?”, in Popular Science, volume 267, number 3, page 63:

Even if the two diseases in such a pair are clinically dissimilar, the primary pathophysiological events could overlap substantially (e.g., increased intestinal iron absorption in nutritional anemia and hemochromatosis).

2012, Mohammadali M. Shoja, R. Shane Tubbs, Alireza Ghaffari, Marios Loukas, Paul S. Agutter, “Rethinking the Origin of Chronic Diseases”, in BioScience, volume 62, number 5, Oxford UP, →DOI, page 470:

(pathology) A metabolic disorder causing iron deposits in the body, also called bronze diabetes.


gold digger

/ɡəʊld ˈdɪɡə(ɹ)/

Literal sense from 1830s; figurative sense (woman who seeks money in a relationship) from 1915.


blue vitriol

(obsolete, inorganic chemistry) copper sulfate


lithium niobate

(inorganic chemistry) the lithium salt of niobic acid, LiNbO₃, whose transparent crystals are used lasers and other optical devices


tungsten carbide

(inorganic chemistry) a very hard, grey compound, chemical formula WC, used as an abrasive.

Wolframcarbid

Very hard grey compound used as an abrasive


lithium tantalate

(chemistry) the lithium salt of tantalic acid, LiTaO₃, whose crystalline form is piezoelectric and pyroelectric and is used in optical devices


cuprite

en-noun

cuprite (countable and uncountable, plural cuprites)

(mineralogy) A mineral composed of cuprous oxide and a minor ore of copper.


pentlandite

(mineralogy) A mixed iron and nickel sulfide mineral, with the chemical formula (Fe,Ni)₉S₈; the major ore of nickel.


aur

cy-noun

aur m (usually uncountable, plural eurau)

From Middle Welsh eur, from Proto-Brythonic *ėür, from Vulgar Latin from Latin aureus (“golden”, adjective). The vowel au (/aɨ̯/) must have undergone internal i-affection, showing that this word is derived from the adjective aureus, not the noun aurum, which gave the now archaic synonym awr (not to be confused with awr (“hour”) from hōra).


aur

cy-adj

aur (feminine singular aur, plural aur, not comparable)

aur (feminine singular)
aur (plural)
aur
haur (prothesis-h)


molybdate

From molybdic acid + -ate (“a derivative, a salt or ester”).


arian

cy-noun

arian m (usually uncountable, plural ariannau or ariannoedd)

From Middle Welsh ariant, from Old Welsh argant, from Proto-Brythonic *arɣant, from Proto-Celtic *argantom (“silver”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erǵ- (“white; shine”). Compare Breton arc'hant/argant, Irish airgead and Latin argentum.


arian

cy-adj

arian (feminine singular arian, plural arian, not comparable)

arian (feminine singular)
arian (plural)
arian
harian (prothesis-h)


Midas

Learned borrowing from Latin Midās, from Ancient Greek Μίδᾱς (Mídās), from Phrygian Μιδας (Midas).

(Greek mythology) A king who sought and was for a while granted the cherished but subtly dangerous magical power to turn anything he touched into gold.


Midas

(Greek mythology) Midas (king with the power to turn things into gold)


sodium amalgam

en-noun

sodium amalgam (countable and uncountable, plural sodium amalgams)

(chemistry) An alloy of sodium and mercury; used as a powerful reducing agent, and in certain types of sodium lamp.


ferrosilicon

An alloy of iron and silicon used in steelmaking.


ironstone

ironstone (countable and uncountable, plural ironstones)

During my stay at Kamalia there was a smelting furnace at a short distance from the hut where I lodged, and the owner and his workmen made no secret about the manner of conducting the operation, and readily allowed me to examine the furnace, and assist them in breaking the ironstone.

1815, Mungo Park, chapter XXI, in Travels in the Interior of Africa, volume II, Cassell, published 1893:

The trees like this barren ironstone formation. It's well they do, for nothing else does.

1924, D. H. Lawrence, chapter 3, in The Boy in the Bush, New York: Viking, published 1972, page 41:

While I listen I sniff in the cordite fumes. Ironstone chipped against ironstone invokes a spark and a wisp of the same heady smoke.

1977, J. M. Coetzee, In the Heart of the Country, Penguin, published 1982, page 61:

Just before Bloworth Crossing, you'll walk a short distance along the trackbed of the old mineral railway that connected the old ironstone mines at Rosedale with the blast furnaces of Middlesbrough.

2019, Alan Staniforth, Cleveland Way, page 64:

Any ore of iron which is impure through the admixture of silica or clay.


ironwork

ironwork (countable and uncountable, plural ironworks)

From Middle English ironwerk, irynwerk, equivalent to iron + -work.


vermeil

From Middle English vermayle, from Old French vermeil (“vermilion”), from Latin vermiculus (“little worm”), from vermis (“worm”), ultimately in reference to Kermes vermilio, a type of scale insect used to make a crimson dye. Doublet of vermicule.


mercurial phosphorus

a glow produced by friction when mercury is shaken in an evacuated glass vessel; the luminous barometer


Midas touch

From the Greek legend of King Midas, related in chapter XI of Ovid’s Metamorphoses (8 C.E.), whom Dionysus (the god of, among other things, wine and winemaking) gave the power to turn things to gold by touching them.

Midaan kosketus

ability to gain financial reward or success from one’s actions easily and consistently

(Greek mythology, literally) The ability to turn everything one touches into gold.


złoto

złotko (diminutive)
złoto (nominative singular)
złota (nominative plural)
złota (genitive singular)
złot (genitive plural)
złotu (dative singular)
złotom (dative plural)
złoto (accusative singular)
złota (accusative plural)
złotem (instrumental singular)
złotami (instrumental plural)
złocie (locative singular)
złotach (locative plural)
złoto (singular vocative)
złota (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish złoto, from Proto-Slavic *zolto, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰelh₃-, whence English gold.


złoto

złotowy (adjective)
złoto (nominative singular)
złoće (dual nominative)
złota (nominative plural)
złota (genitive singular)
złotow (dual genitive)
złotow (genitive plural)
złotu (dative singular)
złotomaj (dative dual)
złotam (dative plural)
złoto (accusative singular)
złoće (accusative dual)
złota (accusative plural)
złotom (instrumental singular)
złotomaj (dual instrumental)
złotami (instrumental plural)
złoće (locative singular)
złotomaj (dual locative)
złotach (locative plural)
złoto (singular vocative)
złoće (dual vocative)
złota (plural vocative)


cyanocobalamin

cyanocobalamin (usually uncountable, plural cyanocobalamins)

The cyanocobalamin molecule contains the element cobalt (Co). Cattle and sheep grazing areas deficient in this element develop vitamin B12 deficiency, as the rumen microorganisms are then unable to manufacture the vitamin.

2013, David Frape, Equine Nutrition and Feeding, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN:

(biochemistry) A synthetic form of vitamin B₁₂ (cobalamin).


cobalamin

(organic chemistry) Any of several forms of vitamin B₁₂ depending on the upper axial ligand of the cobalt ion.


vitamin B12

(biochemistry) The compound cobalamin or cyanocobalamin.


Berlin green

Berlin green (countable and uncountable, plural Berlin greens)

(organic chemistry) Ferric ferricyanide; a complex cyanide with a structure similar to that of Prussian blue, used as a green dye.


rhodochrosite

rhodochrosite (countable and uncountable, plural rhodochrosites)

From Ancient Greek ῥοδόχρως (rhodókhrōs, “having rosy colour”), from ῥόδον (rhódon, “rose”) + χρώς (khrṓs, “colour”).

uder

(mineralogy) A crystalline mineral composed mainly of manganese carbonate MnCO₃.


gold rush

/ˈɡəʊldˌɹʌʃ/

/ˈɡoʊldˌɹʌʃ/

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-gold rush.wav

From gold + rush. First use appears c. 1848 in the Oregon Spectator.

Here Grey Beaver stopped. A whisper of the gold-rush had reached his ears, and he had come with several bales of furs, and another of gut-sewn mittens and moccasins. He would not have ventured so long a trip had he not expected generous profits.

1906 May–October, Jack London, chapter I, in White Fang, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., published October 1906, →OCLC, part 4 (The Superior Gods):

(chiefly historical) Any period of feverish migration into an area in which gold has been discovered.


butter of zinc

(obsolete, inorganic chemistry) zinc chloride


mangan

[maːn˧˧ ɣaːn˧˧]

[maːŋ˧˧ ɣaːŋ˧˧]

[maːŋ˧˧ ɣaːŋ˧˧]


siderophore

From sidero- + -phore, literally iron carrier.

(biochemistry) Any medium-sized molecule that has a high specificity for binding or chelating iron; they are employed by microorganisms to obtain iron from the environment


skutterudite

en-noun

skutterudite (countable and uncountable, plural skutterudites)

From Skutterud + -ite, after the old spelling of the town of Skotterud in Norway.

(mineralogy) Any of a class of mixed cobalt and nickel arsenide and sulfide minerals.


mother lode

Probably a calque of Spanish veta madre (“mother lode”).

calque

Undeterred, reasoning from the coarseness of the gold that it had not traveled far, they had set out in search of the mother lode.

1912, Jack London, “The Little Man”, in Smoke Bellew:

(geology) A large or rich vein of gold or of another precious mineral from which other branches extend.


space factor

(in an electromagnetic coil) The ratio of the volume occupied by the wire in the winding, or the iron in the core, to the total volume of the winding or the core


dorar

es-verb

dorar (first-person singular present doro, first-person singular preterite doré, past participle dorado)

doro (first-person present singular)
doré (first-person preterite singular)
dorado (participle past)
dorar (infinitive)
dorando (gerund)
dorado (masculine participle past singular)
dorada (feminine participle past singular)
dorados (masculine participle past plural)
doradas (feminine participle past plural)
doro (first-person indicative present singular)
doras (indicative informal present second-person singular)
dorás (indicative informal present second-person singular vos-form)
dora (indicative present singular third-person)
doramos (first-person indicative plural present)
doráis (indicative plural present second-person)
doran (indicative plural present third-person)
doraba (first-person imperfect indicative singular)
dorabas (imperfect indicative second-person singular)
doraba (imperfect indicative singular third-person)
dorábamos (first-person imperfect indicative plural)
dorabais (imperfect indicative plural second-person)
doraban (imperfect indicative plural third-person)
doré (first-person indicative preterite singular)
doraste (indicative preterite second-person singular)
doró (indicative preterite singular third-person)
doramos (first-person indicative plural preterite)
dorasteis (indicative plural preterite second-person)
doraron (indicative plural preterite third-person)
doraré (first-person future indicative singular)
dorarás (future indicative second-person singular)
dorará (future indicative singular third-person)
doraremos (first-person future indicative plural)
doraréis (future indicative plural second-person)
dorarán (future indicative plural third-person)
doraría (conditional first-person indicative singular)
dorarías (conditional indicative second-person singular)
doraría (conditional indicative singular third-person)
doraríamos (conditional first-person indicative plural)
doraríais (conditional indicative plural second-person)
dorarían (conditional indicative plural third-person)
dore (first-person present singular subjunctive)
dores (informal present second-person singular subjunctive)
dorés (informal present second-person singular subjunctive vos-form)
dore (present singular subjunctive third-person)
doremos (first-person plural present subjunctive)
doréis (plural present second-person subjunctive)
doren (plural present subjunctive third-person)
dorara (first-person imperfect singular subjunctive)
doraras (imperfect second-person singular subjunctive)
dorara (imperfect singular subjunctive third-person)
doráramos (first-person imperfect plural subjunctive)
dorarais (imperfect plural second-person subjunctive)
doraran (imperfect plural subjunctive third-person)
dorase (first-person imperfect imperfect-se singular subjunctive)
dorases (imperfect imperfect-se second-person singular subjunctive)
dorase (imperfect imperfect-se singular subjunctive third-person)
dorásemos (first-person imperfect imperfect-se plural subjunctive)
doraseis (imperfect imperfect-se plural second-person subjunctive)
dorasen (imperfect imperfect-se plural subjunctive third-person)
dorare (first-person future singular subjunctive)
dorares (future second-person singular subjunctive)
dorare (future singular subjunctive third-person)
doráremos (first-person future plural subjunctive)
dorareis (future plural second-person subjunctive)
doraren (future plural subjunctive third-person)
dora (imperative informal second-person singular)
dorá (imperative informal second-person singular vos-form)
dore (formal imperative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
dore (imperative singular third-person)
doremos (first-person imperative plural)
dorad (imperative plural second-person)
doren (formal imperative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
doren (imperative plural third-person)
dores (imperative negative second-person singular)
dore (formal imperative negative second-person-semantically singular third-person)
dore (imperative negative singular third-person)
doremos (first-person imperative negative plural)
doréis (imperative negative plural second-person)
doren (formal imperative negative plural second-person-semantically third-person)
doren (imperative negative plural third-person)
dorarme (combined-form dative infinitive object-first-person object-singular)
dorarte (combined-form dative infinitive object-second-person object-singular)
dorarle (combined-form dative infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
dorarse (combined-form dative infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
dorarnos (combined-form dative infinitive object-first-person object-plural)
doraros (combined-form dative infinitive object-plural object-second-person)
dorarles (combined-form dative infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
dorarse (combined-form dative infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
dorarme (accusative combined-form infinitive object-first-person object-singular)
dorarte (accusative combined-form infinitive object-second-person object-singular)
dorarlo (accusative combined-form infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
dorarla (accusative combined-form infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
dorarse (accusative combined-form infinitive object-singular object-third-person)
dorarnos (accusative combined-form infinitive object-first-person object-plural)
doraros (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-second-person)
dorarlos (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
dorarlas (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
dorarse (accusative combined-form infinitive object-plural object-third-person)
dorándome (combined-form dative gerund object-first-person object-singular)
dorándote (combined-form dative gerund object-second-person object-singular)
dorándole (combined-form dative gerund object-singular object-third-person)
dorándose (combined-form dative gerund object-singular object-third-person)
dorándonos (combined-form dative gerund object-first-person object-plural)
dorándoos (combined-form dative gerund object-plural object-second-person)
dorándoles (combined-form dative gerund object-plural object-third-person)
dorándose (combined-form dative gerund object-plural object-third-person)
dorándome (accusative combined-form gerund object-first-person object-singular)
dorándote (accusative combined-form gerund object-second-person object-singular)
dorándolo (accusative combined-form gerund object-singular object-third-person)
dorándola (accusative combined-form gerund object-singular object-third-person)
dorándose (accusative combined-form gerund object-singular object-third-person)
dorándonos (accusative combined-form gerund object-first-person object-plural)
dorándoos (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-second-person)
dorándolos (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-third-person)
dorándolas (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-third-person)
dorándose (accusative combined-form gerund object-plural object-third-person)
dórame (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
dórate (combined-form dative imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
dórale (combined-form dative imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
dóranos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-tú)
dórales (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
dórame (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
dórate (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-tú)
dóralo (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
dórala (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
dóranos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-tú)
dóralos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
dóralas (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-tú)
dorame (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
dorate (combined-form dative imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
dorale (combined-form dative imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
doranos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-vos)
dorales (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
dorame (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
dorate (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-second-person object-singular second-person singular with-vos)
doralo (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
dorala (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
doranos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-plural second-person singular with-vos)
doralos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
doralas (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person second-person singular with-vos)
dóreme (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-singular second-person singular)
dórele (combined-form dative formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
dórese (combined-form dative formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
dórenos (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-plural second-person singular)
dóreles (combined-form dative formal imperative object-plural object-third-person second-person singular)
dóreme (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-singular second-person singular)
dórelo (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
dórela (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
dórese (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person second-person singular)
dórenos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-plural second-person singular)
dórelos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person second-person singular)
dórelas (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person second-person singular)
dorémoste (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-second-person object-singular plural)
dorémosle (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-singular object-third-person plural)
dorémonos (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-first-person object-plural plural)
dorémoos (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-plural object-second-person plural)
dorémosles (combined-form dative first-person imperative object-plural object-third-person plural)
dorémoste (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-second-person object-singular plural)
dorémoslo (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-singular object-third-person plural)
dorémosla (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-singular object-third-person plural)
dorémonos (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-first-person object-plural plural)
dorémoos (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-plural object-second-person plural)
dorémoslos (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-plural object-third-person plural)
dorémoslas (accusative combined-form first-person imperative object-plural object-third-person plural)
doradme (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
doradle (combined-form dative imperative informal object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
doradnos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
doraos (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-second-person plural second-person)
doradles (combined-form dative imperative informal object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
doradme (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
doradlo (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
doradla (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
doradnos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
doraos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-second-person plural second-person)
doradlos (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
doradlas (accusative combined-form imperative informal object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
dórenme (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
dórenle (combined-form dative formal imperative object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
dórennos (combined-form dative formal imperative object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
dórenles (combined-form dative formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
dórense (combined-form dative formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
dórenme (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-singular plural second-person)
dórenlo (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
dórenla (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-singular object-third-person plural second-person)
dórennos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-first-person object-plural plural second-person)
dórenlos (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
dórenlas (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)
dórense (accusative combined-form formal imperative object-plural object-third-person plural second-person)

Inherited from Late Latin deaurāre, from Latin dē- + aurāre (literally “to gild out”).


gilding

en-noun

gilding (countable and uncountable, plural gildings)

(countable) A coating of gold or gold-colored paint, etc.


bimetallism

bimetallism (countable and uncountable, plural bimetallisms)

As in China, bi-metallism exacerbated rural unrest in Nguyen Vietnam.

2016, Christopher Goscha, The Penguin History of Modern Vietnam, Penguin, published 2017, page 34:

(economics) The use of a monetary standard based upon two different metals, traditionally gold and silver usually in a fixed ratio of values.


zinc oxide

(chemistry) An amorphous solid, ZnO, white when pure but often pale yellow, used in pigments and cosmetics.


calamine

calamine (usually uncountable, plural calamines)

From French calamine, from Medieval Latin calamīna, from Latin cadmīa, ultimately from Ancient Greek Κᾰδμείᾱ (Kadmeíā), from Κάδμος (Kádmos, “Cadmus”) + -εια (-eia, “-ia: forming related substances”). Doublet of cadmia, calaminaris, and lapis calaminaris.

doublet

Poison Ivy, Lord,'ll make you itch
You're gonna need an ocean
Of calamine lotion
You'll be scratchin' like a hound
The minute you start to mess around

1959, “Poison Ivy”, Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller (lyrics), performed by The Coasters:

For Secret Santa two years before, she had gifted him a bottle of calamine lotion.

2022, Ling Ma, “Tomorrow”, in Bliss Montage, New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, →ISBN:

(inorganic chemistry) Synonym of smithsonite, a pink form of zinc oxide (mainly zinc carbonate ZnCO₃) formed as a byproduct of zinc sublimation, now used in skin lotions.

smithsonite

mit Eisenoxid eingefärbtes Zinkoxidpulver

(mineralogy) Synonym of hemimorphite, an orthorhombic-pyramidal mineral containing zinc.


calamine

en-verb

calamine (third-person singular simple present calamines, present participle calamining, simple past and past participle calamined)

calamines (present singular third-person)
calamining (participle present)
calamined (participle past)
calamined (past)

(transitive) To coat or treat with calamine.


bog iron

(geology) deposits of mixed oxides and hydroxides of iron formed when iron-bearing groundwater emerges onto the surface


quicksilvering

An amalgam of mercury and tin formerly applied to the backs of mirrors.


Bunsen pile

(physical chemistry) An early electrical battery using multiple cells of zinc and graphite in dilute chromic acid


сталь

uk-noun

сталь • (stalʹ) f inan (genitive ста́лі, nominative plural ста́лі, genitive plural ста́лей, relational adjective стале́вий or стальни́й)

stalʹ (romanization)
ста́лі (genitive)
ста́лі (nominative plural)
ста́лей (genitive plural)
стале́вий (adjective relational)
стальни́й (adjective relational)
сталь (nominative singular)
ста́лі (nominative plural)
ста́лі (genitive singular)
ста́лей (genitive plural)
ста́лі (dative singular)
ста́лям (dative plural)
сталь (accusative singular)
ста́лі (accusative plural)
ста́ллю (instrumental singular)
ста́лями (instrumental plural)
ста́лі (locative singular)
ста́лях (locative plural)
ста́ле (singular vocative)
ста́лі (plural vocative)


auric acid

(inorganic chemistry) The compound, HAuO₂, formed from the hydrated oxide Au(OH)₃ as a brown powder


radiogold

(medicine) The radioactive isotope of gold, ¹⁹⁸₇₉Au, used in medical irradiation and in diagnosis


niobi

[ni˧˧ ʔo˧˧ ʔɓi˧˧]

[nɪj˧˧ ʔow˧˧ ʔɓɪj˧˧]

[nɪj˧˧ ʔow˧˧ ʔɓɪj˧˧]

Ultimately from Latin niobium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements.


chromium dioxide

(inorganic chemistry) A black, semiconducting material, CrO₂, having strong magnetic properties; used in recording tapes.


چاند

چانْد (canonical)
cānd (romanization)
चांद (Hindi)
چاند (direct singular)
چاند (direct plural)
چاند (oblique singular)
چاندوں (oblique plural)
چاند (singular vocative)
چاندو (plural vocative)

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀘𑀁𑀤 (caṃda), from Sanskrit चन्द्र (candrá).


bluestone

en-noun

bluestone (countable and uncountable, plural bluestones)

Any of several bluish-grey varieties of stone used for construction:

(US, Canada) A feldspathic sandstone found in the US and Canada.

(Australia, South Australia) Slate, such as comes from quarries in or near Adelaide.

This consists of thoroughly spraying the plants with Bordeaux mixture once in ten days or two weeks after they have begun to run. Bordeaux mixture is made by bringing together the milk of lime and a solution of copper sulphate (bluestone).

Bordeaux mixture is a combination of bluestone (copper sulfate) and lime (calcium hydroxide).

2001, Steve H. Dreistadt, Integrated Pest Management for Floriculture and Nurseries, University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources, →ISBN, page 92:

This is, however, one of those cases in which you can use the chemical copper sulphate to study the process and theory while you are hunting down some bluestone. Take bluestone or copper sulphate and dissolve it in heated distilled water, ...

2006, Brian Cotnoir, The Weiser Concise Guide to Alchemy, Weiser Books, →ISBN:

Either of two related copper- and sulfur-based bright blue stones:

Copper(II) sulfate, CuSO₄(H₂O)ₓ where x is 0-5, used as a coloring agent in glass-making and pottery and for other purposes.

This belt is about 1,000 feet wide at the McConnell Mine, and ends a few hundred yards north of the Bluestone. […] It was worked about 30 years ago, and for a time supplied natural bluestone (chalcanthite) to the amalgamating mills ...

[…] of the mineral is a somewhat lighter shade of blue than that of bluestone (chalcanthite CuSOiSHjO).

In some of the claims chalcanthite — or bluestone — was found in quantities that could be mined profitably. This ore formed the principal output of the area in the early days, being shipped to Virginia City to furnish the copper sulphate used in ...

Very high-grade copper ore was produced including natural "bluestone" (chalcanthite) which was used in the silver mills of the Comstock.

Chalcanthite, a water-soluble sulfate mineral, CuSO₄·5H₂O.

From Cyprus were brought bricks of lead, with bluestone and elephant's tusks, and the vases were carved in fanciful designs, with the heads of goats, lions, bulls, and eagles.

1892, Eliakim Littell, Robert S. Littell, Littell's Living Age, page 23:

[…] but the “bluestone,” or lapis lazuli, was quarried by the Egyptians in the Sinaitic peninsula, and to these mines, perhaps, the author refers.

Likewise, mineral analysis led him to the discovery of ultramarine or artificial lapis lazuli. […] Moreover, as should be noted, a so-called "Babel lazulite" was offered as tribute in addition to the genuine lapis lazuli or bluestone, and the Egyptians themselves manufactured this artificial lazulite.

1965, Aaron John Ihde, William Franklin Kieffer, Selected readings in the history of chemistry:

Cedar from the Lebanon forests; lapis lazuli bluestone from sources as far away as Afghanistan; and ivory, ebony, [and] gold, […]

2013, William H. Peck, The Material World of Ancient Egypt, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN:

Lapis lazuli, or its core constituent, lazurite.


cuprum

la-noun

cuprum n (genitive cuprī); second declension

cuprī (genitive)
cuprum (nominative singular)
cupra (nominative plural)
cuprī (genitive singular)
cuprōrum (genitive plural)
cuprō (dative singular)
cuprīs (dative plural)
cuprum (accusative singular)
cupra (accusative plural)
cuprō (ablative singular)
cuprīs (ablative plural)
cuprum (singular vocative)
cupra (plural vocative)

West Iberian

Asturian: cobre

Old Galician-Portuguese:

Galician: cobre

Portuguese: cobre

Spanish: cobre

→ Basque: kobre

Catalan: coure

desc

Old French: cuivre, quivre, queivre, coivre

Bourguignon: cueuvre, cuvre

Champenois: cuevre

French: cuivre

→ Breton: kouevr

Occitan: coire

Borrowings

→ Proto-West Germanic: *kopr (see there for further descendants)

→ Malay: kuprum

→ Romanian: cupru

→ English: copper

→ English: cupric

→ Italian: cuprico

From cyprium (“copper”), elliptical for aes Cyprium, Cyprium aes (literally “Cypriote copper”), after the large reserves of the metal found on the island of Cyprus.


sterling silver

An alloy containing not less than 92.5 percent silver, the remainder usually being copper.


grundy

Derived from Mrs. Grundy, a prudish character from the play Speed the Plough (1798) by the English playwright Thomas Morton.

A narrow-minded person or group that is overly concerned with censoring or criticizing personal conduct.

Spießer

narrow-minded person(s), censoring personal conduct

Spießigkeit

the tendency of society to criticize personal conduct


potassium chromate

en-noun

potassium chromate (plural potassium chromates)

(inorganic chemistry) A potassium salt of chromic acid, K₂CrO₄; the yellow crystals are soluble in water, and it is used as an analytical reagent.


potassium dichromate

potassium dichromate (plural potassium dichromates)

(inorganic chemistry) A potassium salt of chromic acid, K₂Cr₂O₇; the orange crystals are soluble in water, and it is used as an oxidizing agent and in photography.


steelworks

A place where steel is manufactured and/or shaped.


tsink

head

tsink (genitive tsingi, partitive tsinki)

tsingi (genitive)
tsinki (partitive)
tsink (nominative singular)
tsingid (nominative plural)
tsink (accusative nominative singular)
tsingid (accusative nominative plural)
tsingi (accusative genitive singular)
tsingid (accusative genitive plural)
tsingi (genitive singular)
tsinkide (genitive plural)
tsinki (partitive singular)
tsinke (partitive plural)
tsinkisid (partitive plural)
tsinki (illative singular)
tsingisse (illative singular)
tsinkidesse (illative plural)
tsingesse (illative plural)
tsingis (inessive singular)
tsinkides (inessive plural)
tsinges (inessive plural)
tsingist (elative singular)
tsinkidest (elative plural)
tsingest (elative plural)
tsingile (allative singular)
tsinkidele (allative plural)
tsingele (allative plural)
tsingil (adessive singular)
tsinkidel (adessive plural)
tsingel (adessive plural)
tsingilt (ablative singular)
tsinkidelt (ablative plural)
tsingelt (ablative plural)
tsingiks (singular translative)
tsinkideks (plural translative)
tsingeks (plural translative)
tsingini (singular terminative)
tsinkideni (plural terminative)
tsingina (essive singular)
tsinkidena (essive plural)
tsingita (abessive singular)
tsinkideta (abessive plural)
tsingiga (comitative singular)
tsinkidega (comitative plural)

From German Zink. First attested in 1869.

ref

Jüri Viikberg (2024) “tsink”, in [YSL] Ülemsaksa laensõnad eesti keeles [High German Loanwords in the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online dictionary)


spelter

en-noun

spelter (usually uncountable, plural spelters)

Related to, and perhaps derived from, Middle Dutch speauter. Possibly related to pewter.

(uncountable, countable) Zinc alloyed with another metal (especially copper), used as a solder.

(countable) An objet d'art made from zinc.


spelter

en-verb

spelter (third-person singular simple present spelters, present participle speltering, simple past and past participle speltered)

spelters (present singular third-person)
speltering (participle present)
speltered (participle past)
speltered (past)

To combine copper and metallic zinc to form an alloy.


sinkki

sinkki (nominative singular)
sinkit (nominative plural)
sinkin (genitive singular)
sinkkiin (genitive plural)
sinkkilöin (genitive plural)
sinkkiä (partitive singular)
sinkkijä (partitive plural)
sinkkilöjä (partitive plural)
sinkkii (illative singular)
sinkkii (illative plural)
sinkkilöihe (illative plural)
sinkiis (inessive singular)
sinkkiis (inessive plural)
sinkkilöis (inessive plural)
sinkist (elative singular)
sinkkiist (elative plural)
sinkkilöist (elative plural)
sinkille (allative singular)
sinkkiille (allative plural)
sinkkilöille (allative plural)
sinkiil (adessive singular)
sinkkiil (adessive plural)
sinkkilöil (adessive plural)
sinkilt (ablative singular)
sinkkiilt (ablative plural)
sinkkilöilt (ablative plural)
sinkiks (singular translative)
sinkkiiks (plural translative)
sinkkilöiks (plural translative)
sinkkinnä (essive singular)
sinkkiin (essive singular)
sinkkiinnä (essive plural)
sinkkilöinnä (essive plural)
sinkkiin (essive plural)
sinkkilöin (essive plural)
sinkkint (exessive singular)
sinkkiint (exessive plural)
sinkkilöint (exessive plural)

Ultimately from a Germanic language, possibly via Finnish sinkki.


titanium sponge

Crude titanium metal that has not yet been refined or forged


(physics) the only stable isotope of scandium, ⁴⁵₂₁Sc, having twenty-one protons and twenty-four neutrons


titanocene

(organic chemistry) dicyclopentadienyl titanium; a divalent radical of similar structure to ferrocene


titaniferous

en-adj

titaniferous (comparative more titaniferous, superlative most titaniferous)

more titaniferous (comparative)
most titaniferous (superlative)

(of an ore) Containing or yielding titanium.


(physics) The major stable isotope of titanium, ⁴⁸₂₂Ti, having twenty-two protons and twenty-six neutrons; it amounts to about 74% of the element in nature


(physics) A minor stable isotope of titanium, ⁴⁹₂₂Ti, having twenty-two protons and twenty-seven neutrons; it amounts to about 5% of the element in nature


(physics) A minor stable isotope of titanium, ⁴⁷₂₂Ti, having twenty-two protons and twenty-five neutrons; it amounts to about 7% of the element in nature.


(physics) A minor stable isotope of titanium, ⁴⁶₂₂Ti, having twenty-two protons and twenty-four neutrons; it amounts to about 8% of the element in nature


(physics) A minor stable isotope of titanium, ⁵⁰₂₂Ti, having twenty-two protons and twenty-eight neutrons; it amounts to about 5% of the element in nature


(physics) The only stable isotope of vanadium, ⁵¹₂₃V, having twenty-three protons and twenty-eight neutrons


vanadous

Of, pertaining to or containing vanadium, especially in an oxidation number of 4.


vanadite

(chemistry) Any salt or ester of vanadous acid


vanadian

(mineralogy) Containing pentavalent vanadium.


ferrovanadium

An alloy of iron and up to 55% vanadium; used in the manufacture of specialist steel


vanadous acid

(chemistry) The acid H₂VO₃, known only in solution


vanadic

Of or pertaining to vanadium, especially to vanadium with an oxidation number of 5.


vanadinite

en-noun

vanadinite (countable and uncountable, plural vanadinites)

(mineralogy) A reddish mineral, a mixed chloride and vanadate of lead with the chemical formula Pb₅(VO₄)₃Cl, that is commercial source of vanadium.


ductile iron

ductile iron (countable and uncountable, plural ductile irons)

A form of cast iron with nodular graphite inclusions, having many industrial applications.


mercury barometer

mercury barometer (plural mercury barometers)

atmospheric pressure
atmospheric pressure

A barometer which indicates the atmospheric pressure by measuring the height of a column of mercury in a vertical, evacuated tube.


carnotite

carnotite (countable and uncountable, plural carnotites)

(mineralogy) A yellow mineral that is a potassium uranyl vanadate that is a major ore of uranium, with the chemical formula K₂(UO₂)₂(VO₄)₂·3H₂O.


copper aspirinate

rheumatoid arthritis
rheumatoid arthritis

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) The cuprous salt of aspirin; it is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis


steelyard

From steel + yard (“enclosed area, rod”).
The sense of “place” is a calque of Dutch staalhof or Middle Low German Stalhof (Modern Dutch staal (“steel”) + hof (“court, yard”)).
The sense of “balance” is presumably from the sense of “place”, originally “steelyard beam”, mixed with additional sense of “rod” (hence “rod for weighing steel”), replacing earlier Latin statera.

A place where steel (and possibly other metals as well) is stored and sold.


chromium sesquioxide

(inorganic chemistry) The chromium oxide, Cr₂O₃, manufactured from chromite and sometimes used as a pigment.


cobaltite

cobaltite (countable and uncountable, plural cobaltites)

(mineralogy) A rare gray mineral, a mixed sulfide and arsenide of cobalt and iron with chemical formula CoAsS; it is an ore of cobalt.


columbite

(mineralogy) A black mineral that is a mixed iron and manganese niobate and tantalate, and is the main ore of niobium and tantalum.


zinc chloride

(inorganic chemistry) The zinc salt of hydrochloric acid, ZnCl₂, a white crystalline solid with a number of industrial applications.


gylden

gylden (masculine nominative singular)
gyldenu (feminine nominative singular)
gyldnu (feminine nominative singular)
gyldeno (feminine nominative singular)
gyldno (feminine nominative singular)
gylden (neuter nominative singular)
gyldenne (accusative masculine singular)
gyldene (accusative feminine singular)
gyldne (accusative feminine singular)
gylden (accusative neuter singular)
gyldenes (genitive masculine singular)
gyldnes (genitive masculine singular)
gyldenre (feminine genitive singular)
gyldenes (genitive neuter singular)
gyldnes (genitive neuter singular)
gyldenum (dative masculine singular)
gyldnum (dative masculine singular)
gyldenre (dative feminine singular)
gyldenum (dative neuter singular)
gyldnum (dative neuter singular)
gyldene (instrumental masculine singular)
gyldne (instrumental masculine singular)
gyldenre (feminine instrumental singular)
gyldene (instrumental neuter singular)
gyldne (instrumental neuter singular)
gyldene (masculine nominative plural)
gyldne (masculine nominative plural)
gyldena (feminine nominative plural)
gyldna (feminine nominative plural)
gyldene (feminine nominative plural)
gyldne (feminine nominative plural)
gyldenu (neuter nominative plural)
gyldnu (neuter nominative plural)
gyldeno (neuter nominative plural)
gyldno (neuter nominative plural)
gyldene (accusative masculine plural)
gyldne (accusative masculine plural)
gyldena (accusative feminine plural)
gyldna (accusative feminine plural)
gyldene (accusative feminine plural)
gyldne (accusative feminine plural)
gyldenu (accusative neuter plural)
gyldnu (accusative neuter plural)
gyldeno (accusative neuter plural)
gyldno (accusative neuter plural)
gyldenra (genitive masculine plural)
gyldenra (feminine genitive plural)
gyldenra (genitive neuter plural)
gyldenum (dative masculine plural)
gyldnum (dative masculine plural)
gyldenum (dative feminine plural)
gyldnum (dative feminine plural)
gyldenum (dative neuter plural)
gyldnum (dative neuter plural)
gyldenum (instrumental masculine plural)
gyldnum (instrumental masculine plural)
gyldenum (feminine instrumental plural)
gyldnum (feminine instrumental plural)
gyldenum (instrumental neuter plural)
gyldnum (instrumental neuter plural)
gyldena (masculine nominative singular)
gyldna (masculine nominative singular)
gyldene (feminine nominative singular)
gyldne (feminine nominative singular)
gyldene (neuter nominative singular)
gyldne (neuter nominative singular)
gyldenan (accusative masculine singular)
gyldnan (accusative masculine singular)
gyldenan (accusative feminine singular)
gyldnan (accusative feminine singular)
gyldene (accusative neuter singular)
gyldne (accusative neuter singular)
gyldenan (genitive masculine singular)
gyldnan (genitive masculine singular)
gyldenan (feminine genitive singular)
gyldnan (feminine genitive singular)
gyldenan (genitive neuter singular)
gyldnan (genitive neuter singular)
gyldenan (dative masculine singular)
gyldnan (dative masculine singular)
gyldenan (dative feminine singular)
gyldnan (dative feminine singular)
gyldenan (dative neuter singular)
gyldnan (dative neuter singular)
gyldenan (instrumental masculine singular)
gyldnan (instrumental masculine singular)
gyldenan (feminine instrumental singular)
gyldnan (feminine instrumental singular)
gyldenan (instrumental neuter singular)
gyldnan (instrumental neuter singular)
gyldenan (masculine nominative plural)
gyldnan (masculine nominative plural)
gyldenan (feminine nominative plural)
gyldnan (feminine nominative plural)
gyldenan (neuter nominative plural)
gyldnan (neuter nominative plural)
gyldenan (accusative masculine plural)
gyldnan (accusative masculine plural)
gyldenan (accusative feminine plural)
gyldnan (accusative feminine plural)
gyldenan (accusative neuter plural)
gyldnan (accusative neuter plural)
gyldenra (genitive masculine plural)
gyldenena (genitive masculine plural)
gyldnena (genitive masculine plural)
gyldenra (feminine genitive plural)
gyldenena (feminine genitive plural)
gyldnena (feminine genitive plural)
gyldenra (genitive neuter plural)
gyldenena (genitive neuter plural)
gyldnena (genitive neuter plural)
gyldenum (dative masculine plural)
gyldnum (dative masculine plural)
gyldenum (dative feminine plural)
gyldnum (dative feminine plural)
gyldenum (dative neuter plural)
gyldnum (dative neuter plural)
gyldenum (instrumental masculine plural)
gyldnum (instrumental masculine plural)
gyldenum (feminine instrumental plural)
gyldnum (feminine instrumental plural)
gyldenum (instrumental neuter plural)
gyldnum (instrumental neuter plural)

Middle English: gilden, gylden

q

after <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">gold</i>

English: gilden (archaic), golden (after gold)

From Proto-West Germanic *gulþīn, equivalent to gold + -en. Cognate with Old Frisian gelden, Old Saxon guldin, Old High German guldīn, Old Norse gullinn.

late 9th century, translation of Orosius' History Against the Pagans
Be þām hringum man meahte witan hwæt Rōmāna duguþe ġefeallen wæs, for þon þe hit wæs þēaw mid him on þām dagum þæt nān ōðer ne mōste gyldenne hring werian būtan hē æðeles cynnes wǣre.

You could tell by the rings how much of the Roman nobility had fallen, because the custom back then was that no one could wear a gold ring unless they were from a noble family.


reni

[ɹej˧˧ nɪj˧˧]

[ɹej˧˧ nɪj˧˧]

Ultimately from New Latin rhenium, with the suffix -um removed as with most chemical elements.


hematite

en-noun

hematite (usually uncountable, plural hematites)

From Middle French hematite, from Latin (lapis) haematites, from Ancient Greek αἱματίτης (haimatítēs) λίθος (líthos, “blood-red stone”), from αἷμα (haîma, “blood”). By surface analysis, hemat- + -ite.

Coordinate term: magnetite

(mineralogy) An iron ore, mainly peroxide of iron, Fe₂O₃: iron(III) oxide.


goldfah

goldfāh (canonical)
goldfāh (masculine nominative singular)
goldfāh (feminine nominative singular)
goldfāh (neuter nominative singular)
goldfāgne (accusative masculine singular)
goldfāge (accusative feminine singular)
goldfāh (accusative neuter singular)
goldfāges (genitive masculine singular)
goldfāgre (feminine genitive singular)
goldfāges (genitive neuter singular)
goldfāgum (dative masculine singular)
goldfāgre (dative feminine singular)
goldfāgum (dative neuter singular)
goldfāge (instrumental masculine singular)
goldfāgre (feminine instrumental singular)
goldfāge (instrumental neuter singular)
goldfāge (masculine nominative plural)
goldfāga (feminine nominative plural)
goldfāge (feminine nominative plural)
goldfāh (neuter nominative plural)
goldfāge (accusative masculine plural)
goldfāga (accusative feminine plural)
goldfāge (accusative feminine plural)
goldfāh (accusative neuter plural)
goldfāgra (genitive masculine plural)
goldfāgra (feminine genitive plural)
goldfāgra (genitive neuter plural)
goldfāgum (dative masculine plural)
goldfāgum (dative feminine plural)
goldfāgum (dative neuter plural)
goldfāgum (instrumental masculine plural)
goldfāgum (feminine instrumental plural)
goldfāgum (instrumental neuter plural)
goldfāga (masculine nominative singular)
goldfāge (feminine nominative singular)
goldfāge (neuter nominative singular)
goldfāgan (accusative masculine singular)
goldfāgan (accusative feminine singular)
goldfāge (accusative neuter singular)
goldfāgan (genitive masculine singular)
goldfāgan (feminine genitive singular)
goldfāgan (genitive neuter singular)
goldfāgan (dative masculine singular)
goldfāgan (dative feminine singular)
goldfāgan (dative neuter singular)
goldfāgan (instrumental masculine singular)
goldfāgan (feminine instrumental singular)
goldfāgan (instrumental neuter singular)
goldfāgan (masculine nominative plural)
goldfāgan (feminine nominative plural)
goldfāgan (neuter nominative plural)
goldfāgan (accusative masculine plural)
goldfāgan (accusative feminine plural)
goldfāgan (accusative neuter plural)
goldfāgra (genitive masculine plural)
goldfāgena (genitive masculine plural)
goldfāgra (feminine genitive plural)
goldfāgena (feminine genitive plural)
goldfāgra (genitive neuter plural)
goldfāgena (genitive neuter plural)
goldfāgum (dative masculine plural)
goldfāgum (dative feminine plural)
goldfāgum (dative neuter plural)
goldfāgum (instrumental masculine plural)
goldfāgum (feminine instrumental plural)
goldfāgum (instrumental neuter plural)

[ˈɡoɫdˌfɑːx]


potassium niobate

potassium niobate (plural potassium niobates)

(inorganic chemistry) The salt KNbO₃; its crystals have a large nonlinear optical coefficient, and it find use in the manufacture of lasers; nanowires of the substance have been used to produce tunable coherent light.


vàng

LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-vàng.wav

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 黃 (SV: hoàng). The semantic development “yellow” > “gold” parallels that of bạc (“white” > “silver”).

der

SV: <i class="Latn mention" lang="vi">hoàng</i>

vi-etym-sino

giá vàng hôm nay