ablegate

Borrowed from French ablégate, from Latin ablēgātus, perfect passive participle of ablēgō (“I send off or away; banish”), from ab (“from, away from”) + lēgō (“I dispatch, send on a commission”). See legate.

(Roman Catholicism) A representative of the pope charged with important commissions in foreign countries, one of his duties being to bring to a newly named cardinal his insignia of office.

ablegaat

representative of the pope in foreign countries


abbreviator

From Ecclesiastical Latin abbreviātor. Compare French abbréviateur.

(Roman Catholicism, historical) One of a college of seventy-two officers of the papal court whose duty was to make a short minute of a decision on a petition, or reply of the pope to a letter, and afterwards expand the minute into official form.


abbreviator

abbreviatoren (definite singular)
abbreviatorer (indefinite plural)
abbreviatorene (definite plural)

NB - Pronunciation of Norwegian Bokmål «abbreviator».ogg

Pius II opprettet i 1463 et kollegium av abbreviatorer.

Pius II established a college of abbreviators in 1463.

(history, Roman Catholicism) abbreviator (one of a college of seventy-two officers of the papal court whose duty is to make a short minute of a decision on a petition, or reply of the pope to a letter, and afterwards expand the minute into official form.)


accensor

Borrowed from Ecclesiastical Latin accēnsor, from accendō (“light, kindle”) + -tor (agent noun suffix). Compare accend.

bor+

(Roman Catholicism) One of the functionaries who light and trim the tapers.


absolution

en-noun

absolution (countable and uncountable, plural absolutions)

From Middle English absolucion, absolucioun, from Old French absolution, from Latin absolūtiōnem, accusative singular of absolūtiō (“acquittal”), from absolvō (“absolve”). See also absolve.

Governments granting absolution to the nation.

The true aim of medicine is not to make men virtuous; it is to safeguard and rescue them from the consequences of their vices. The physician does not preach repentance; he offers absolution.

1919 August, H. L. Mencken, The Smart Set, pages 60–1:

An absolving, or setting free from guilt, sin, or penalty; forgiveness of an offense.

опрощение

absolving or setting free from guilt, sin or penalty; forgiveness of an offense

absolució

exercise of priestly jurisdiction in the sacrament of penance, by which Catholics believe the sins of the truly penitent are forgiven


decade

From Middle English decade, from Old French decade, from Late Latin decādem (“(set of) ten”), from Ancient Greek δεκάς (dekás), from δέκα (déka, “ten”). In reference to a span of ten years, originally a clipping of the phrase decade of years. By surface analysis, deca- + -ade. Doublet of decad.

teens · twenties · thirties · forties · fifties · sixties · seventies · eighties · nineties

Gay Nineties · Naughty Nineties · Roaring Twenties · Dirty Thirties · Swinging Sixties

A group, set, or series of ten , particularly:

(Roman Catholicism) A series of prayers counted on a rosary, typically consisting of an Our Father, followed by ten Hail Marys, and concluding with a Glory Be and sometimes the Fatima Prayer.


non

nonet (definite singular)
non (indefinite plural)
nona (definite plural)

From Old Norse nón, from Latin nona (hora) (“ninth hour”). Akin to English noon and nones.

Nonshøa

toponym common in Oppdal and Upper Gudbrandsdal

Nonsfjell

toponym, almost not used in Eastern Norway

Nonfjell

toponym, used only in Western and Southern Norway


see

en-verb

see (third-person singular simple present sees, present participle seeing, simple past saw or (dialectal) seen or (dialectal) seent or (dialectal) seed, past participle seen or (dialectal) seent or (dialectal) seed or (dialectal) saw)

sees (present singular third-person)
seeing (participle present)
saw (past)
seen (dialectal past)
seent (dialectal past)
seed (dialectal past)
seen (participle past)
seent (dialectal participle past)
seed (dialectal participle past)
saw (dialectal participle past)
see (infinitive)

From Middle English seen, from Old English sēon (“to see, look, behold, perceive, observe, discern, understand, know”), from Proto-West Germanic *sehwan, from Proto-Germanic *sehwaną (“to see”), from Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- (“to see, notice”).
Cognates
Cognate with West Frisian sjen (“to see”), Dutch zien (“to see”), Low German sehn, German sehen (“to see”), Danish, Swedish and Norwegian Bokmål se (“to see”), Norwegian Nynorsk sjå (“to see”), and more distantly with Latin sīgnum (“sign, token”), Albanian shih (“look at, see”) imperative of shoh (“to see”).

der

is that a gun in your pocket or are you just pleased to see me

send it up the flagpole and see who salutes

that which has been seen cannot be unseen

there are none so blind as those who will not see

there's none so blind as those who will not see

throw things at the wall and see what sticks

I've been seeing her for two months.

"You're... remarrying? I didn't even know you were seeing someone. And she's going to live here?"

2022 September 9, Dan Shive, El Goonish Shive (webcomic), Comic for Friday, Sep 9, 2022:

(social) To meet, to visit.
To date frequently.

I saw the old lady safely across the road.

You can see yourself out.

And in this Name we overcome, for You shall see us safely home.

2020, Rich Thompson, Jonny Robinson (lyrics and music), “Your Will Be Done”:

(transitive) To wait upon; attend, escort.


see

From Middle English se, see, from Old French sie (“seat, throne; town, capital; episcopal see”), from Latin sedes (“seat”), referring to the bishop's throne or chair (compare seat of power) in the cathedral; related to the Latin verb sedere (“to sit”).

A diocese, archdiocese; a region of a church, generally headed by a bishop or an archbishop.


tract

From Middle English tract, tracte, traht (“a treatise, exposition, commentary”), from Old English traht, tract (“a treatise, exposition, commentary, text, passage”); and also from Middle English tract, tracte (“an expanse of space or time”); both from Latin tractus (“a haul, drawing, a drawing out”), the perfect passive participle of trahō. Doublet of trait.

(Roman Catholicism) Part of the proper of the liturgical celebration of the Eucharist for many Christian denominations, used instead of the alleluia during Lenten or pre-Lenten seasons, in a Requiem Mass, and on a few other penitential occasions.


minister

Pijin: minista

→ Hausa: ministà

From Middle English ministre, from Old French ministre, from Latin minister (“an attendant, servant, assistant, a priest's assistant or other under official”), from minor (“less”) + -ter; see minor. Doublet of Minorite.

(Roman Catholicism) A person (either a layperson or an ordained clergy member) who is commissioned to perform some act on behalf of the Catholic Church.

thừa tác viên

person who is commissioned to perform some act on behalf of the Catholic Church


minister

pl-noun

minister m pers (female equivalent minister or ministerka, abbreviation min.)

minister (feminine)
ministerka (feminine)
min. (abbreviation)
minister (nominative singular)
ministrowie (nominative plural)
ministry (derogatory nominative plural)
ministra (genitive singular)
ministrów (genitive plural)
ministrowi (dative singular)
ministrom (dative plural)
ministra (accusative singular)
ministrów (accusative plural)
ministrem (instrumental singular)
ministrami (instrumental plural)
ministrze (locative singular)
ministrach (locative plural)
ministrze (singular vocative)
ministrowie (plural vocative)

Inherited from Old Polish minister. Sense 1 is a semantic loan from French ministre.

sl

(obsolete, Roman Catholicism) abbot, prior (high-ranking member of a monastery)

(obsolete, Roman Catholicism) minister (assistant in a Jesuit cloister)

(obsolete, Roman Catholicism) head of a Franciscan cloister

(Middle Polish, Roman Catholicism, derogatory, ironic) heretical priest; supporter of heresy

(Middle Polish, Roman Catholicism) Catholic preacher


exeat

Borrowed from Latin exeat, third-person singular subjunctive of exeō (“depart”) used as an impersonal imperative, literally “let him go forth”.

Coordinate term: absit

A license or permit for absence from a university or a religious house (such as a monastery).

A permission which a bishop grants to a priest to go out of his diocese.

[I]t was impossible to imagine her doing anything except eating ice-cream and smoking, like a child on an exeat from school.

1984, Anita Brookner, Hotel du Lac, Penguin, published 2016, page 66:

(dated, UK) Leave of absence from a public school or college.

Coordinate term: (plural form) exeunt

(obsolete, theater) A stage direction to leave the stage.


vocal

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Mélange a trois-vocal.wav

Late Middle English vocal, borrowed from Latin vōcālis (“uttering a voice, sounding, speaking”), from vōx (“a voice, sound, tone”) + -ālis (“-al”, adjectival suffix). Doublet of vowel and vocalis. Compare Old French vocal.

af

Roman Catholic Church
Roman Catholic Church

(Catholicism) A man in the Roman Catholic Church who has a right to vote in certain elections.


zucchetto

From zucca (“gourd, squash”) + -etto (diminutive suffix).

suffix

(Roman Catholicism) zucchetto, calotte (small skullcap worn by Roman Catholic clergy)


bieg

(religion) confession of sin to a priest


simple

Inherited from Middle English symple, simple, from Old French and French simple, from Latin simplex (“simple”, literally “onefold”) (as opposed to duplex (“double”, literally “twofold”)), from semel (“the same”) + plicō (“I fold”). See same and fold. Compare single, singular, simultaneous, etc.
Partially displaced native English onefold.

der

(Roman Catholicism) A feast which is not a double or a semidouble.


worship

en-noun

worship (usually uncountable, plural worships)

Inherited from Middle English worschippe, worthschipe, from Old English weorþsċiepe. Cognate with Scots worschip (“worship”).

inh+

(Christianity, specifically, Catholicism, especially) The adoration (or latria) owed to God alone, as greater than the hyperveneration / hyper-veneration (or hyperdulia) that is given to Saint Mary only and the veneration (or dulia) accorded to all other Roman Catholic saints.


constitution

PIE word
 *ḱóm
From Middle English constitucioun, constitucion (“edict, law, ordinance, regulation, rule, statute; body of laws or rules, or customs; body of fundamental principles; principle or rule (of science); creation”) from Old French constitucion (modern French constitution), a learned borrowing from Latin cōnstitūtiō, cōnstitūtiōnem (“character, constitution, disposition, nature; definition; point in dispute; order, regulation; arrangement, system”), from cōnstituō (“to establish, set up; to confirm; to decide, resolve”). Equivalent to constitute + -ion.

(Catholicism) A document issued by a religious authority serving to promulgate some particular church laws or doctrines.


丹

𠂁
𠁿
𠕑
𢒈
㣋
㐤
𮯱


cardinal

en-noun

cardinal (countable and uncountable, plural cardinals)

From Middle French cardinal, from Latin cardinālis (“pertaining to a hinge, hence applied to that on which something turns or depends, important, principal, chief”), from cardin-, cardō (“hinge”) + -ālis, adjectival suffix.

der

His uncle, a Cardinal, engages a Spanish youth of Moorish descent called Diego, an expert singer and player on the virginal, to unlock the secrets of the heart,[…]and cure him by the spell of his music.

1932, Maurice Baring, chapter 16, in Friday's Business:

(Roman Catholicism) One of the officials appointed by the pope in the Roman Catholic Church, ranking only below the pope and the patriarchs, constituting the special college which elects the pope.


cardinal

cardinaliaid (plural)
cardinal
gardinal (soft)
nghardinal
chardinal

From English cardinal, from Middle French cardinal (“cardinal”), from Latin cardinālis (“pertaining to a hinge, hence applied to that on which something turns or depends, important, principal, chief”), from Latin cardō (“hinge”).

(Roman Catholicism) cardinal (Roman Catholic official)


diurnal

From Latin diurnālis, from diēs (“day”). Doublet of journal.

(Catholicism) A book containing canonical offices performed during the day, hence not matins.


良

Pictogram (象形). Possibly depicts corridors and a room, in which case it would be the original form of 廊. See also the top component of 复. Unrelated to 食 and 即.
Possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *l(j)a(k/ŋ) (“good, beautiful”).


農

In its current form, an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意): 曲 + 辰 (“field”). Top unrelated to 曲, and previously two hands, one on either side of a bundle 田 – a farmer bringing goods to market, from the field 辰.
Probably Sino-Tibetan. Cognate with 耨 (OC *noːɡs, *nuːɡ, “hoe, rake; to weed”), possibly derived from it with the terminative suffix *-ŋ for action with a goal, i.e. "to get a field hoed" > "cultivated"; compare 亡 (OC *maŋ, “to disappear”) from 無 (OC *ma, “(there is) no”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Huang (2000), Norman (1983) and Zhou (1986) hypothesised that this is the same etymon as 儂 (OC *nuːŋ, “person, I, me”). See there for more.


bishop

Tok Pisin: bisop

→ Hawaiian: pīhopa

→ Japanese: ビショップ

→ Kannada: ಬಿಷಪ್ (biṣap)

→ Korean: 비숍 (bisyop)

→ Maori: pīhopa

→ Thai: บิชอป (bì-chɔ́p)

From Middle English bischop, bishop, bisshop, biscop, from Old English bisċop (“bishop”), from Proto-West Germanic *biskop, from Vulgar Latin (e)biscopus, from classical Latin episcopus (“overseer, supervisor”), from Ancient Greek ἐπίσκοπος (epískopos, “overseer”), from ἐπί (epí, “over”) + σκοπός (skopós, “watcher”), used in Greek and Latin both generally and as a title of civil officers. Cognate with all European terms for the position in various Christian churches; compare bisp.

аҷҟәандар

church official, supervisor of priests and congregations

titular bishop

as over a diocese without a congregation

King James of blessed memory said, no Bishop, no King: it was not he, but others that added, No Ceremony, no Bishop.

1641, “Smectymnuus”, in Vindic. Answer Hvmble Remonstr., §16. 208:

St. Ignatius... In his 'Epiſtle to the Magneſians,' he exhorts them to do all things in the love of God, telling them, the Biſhop preſides in the place of God...

1715, William Hendley, A Defence of the Church of England, section 16:

These ministers were at first confined to the three orders of bishops, priests, and deacons.

1845, J. Lingard, Hist. & Antiq. Anglo-Saxon Church, 3rd edition, I. iv. 146:

It is a fact now generally recognized by theologians of all shades of opinion, that in the language of the New Testament the same officer in the Church is called indifferently ‘bishop’ ἐπίσκοπος and ‘elder’ or ‘presbyter’ πρεσβύτερος.

1868, Joseph Barber Lightfoot, St. Paul's epistle to the Philippians, section 93:

The Jubilee Mass had a special solemnity due to the presence of two exiled Chinese bishops—Thomas Cardinal Tien, Archbishop of Peking, and Bishop Joseph Yuen, of Chu-ma-tien, Honan—as well as the recently named bishop of Taichung, Formosa, Most Rev. William Kupfer, MM, who was in the United States to attend the Maryknoll General Chapter.

2013, Maureen Abbott, New Lights from Old Truths: Living the Signs of the Times, volume IV, Saint Mary-of-the-Woods, Indiana, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 375:

(Christianity) An overseer of congregations: either any such overseer, generally speaking, or (in Eastern Orthodoxy, Catholicism, Anglicanism, etc.) an official in the church hierarchy (actively or nominally) governing a diocese, supervising the church's priests, deacons, and property in its territory.

The Caliphaes of the Sarasins were kings and chiefe bishops in their religion.

1586, Pierre de la Primaudaye, translated by Thomas Bowes, The French Academie, I. 633:

The Byshop of Egypt is called the Souldan.

1615, William Bedwell, Arabian Trudgman in translating Mohammedis Imposturæ, sig. N4

[…] which explains the beheading of the Muslim Bishop of Lisbon, soon after the Reconquista.

2001, José Carlos Valle Pérez, Jorge Rodrigues, El arte románico en Galicia y Portugal, page 254:

The [holder of the office of] Imam [of Monrovia] is commonly referred to, both in conversation and in the press, as ‘the Muslim Bishop’.

2018, Merran Fraenkel, Tribe and Class in Monrovia, page 139:

(religion, nonstandard) A similar official or chief priest in another religion.


asterisk

/ˈæstəˌɹɪsk/

The New York Times
The New York Times Company

The noun is derived from Middle English asterisk [and other forms], from Late Latin asteriscus (“asterisk; small star”), from Ancient Greek ἀστερῐ́σκος (asterískos, “asterisk; small star”), from ᾰ̓στήρ (astḗr, “celestial body (star, planet, and other lights in the sky such as meteors)”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eHs- (“to burn; to glow”)) + -ῐ́σκος (-ískos, diminutive suffix).
Sense 1.1.2 (“something which is of little importance or which is marginal”) refers to the use of an asterisk to denote a footnote or marginal note in a text; in other words, information that is not important enough to be incorporated into the main text. Sense 1.1.3 (“blemish in an otherwise outstanding achievement”) refers to the use of an asterisk in a sporting record to indicate that the record is qualified in some manner (for example, that the sportsperson was found to have taken performance-enhancing drugs at the time).
The verb is derived from the noun.

tähti

small star; something resembling or shaped like a star

Then he [the deacon] reverently covereth the holy Cup with the veil. Likewise he placeth the Asterisk upon the holy Diskos, and the veil over it, and saith the following prayer with the Priest, silently, […]

1866, John Chrysostom, “Liturgy of the Catechumens”, in [anonymous], transl., Service of the Divine and Sacred Liturgy of Our Holy Father John Chrysostom. […], London: Joseph Masters, […], →OCLC, pages 69–70:

The asterisk is one of the sacred objects used in the Byzantine rite. It is placed on the paten to protect the Eucharistic bread from contact with the special veil that covers it. The name derives from the shape of the object and symbolically recalls the Biblical words: "And the star came and stood above where the child was" […] [Matthew 2:9].

1962, Marvin C. Ross, “Copper”, in Catalogue of the Byzantine and Early Mediaeval Antiquities in the Dumbarton Oaks Collection, volume 1 (Metalwork, Ceramics, Glass, Glyptics, Painting), Washington, D.C.: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, Trustees for Harvard University, published 1970, →OCLC, paragraph 89, page 73:

The diskos, then, typifies the heavens, and for that reason, it is round, and holds the Master of heaven. What is called the ‘asterisk’ represents the stars, especially the one at the birth of Christ, just as the veils represent the firmament, the swaddling clothes, the shroud, and the burial cloths.

2013, Bryan D[ouglas] Spinks, quoting Symeon of Thessalonica (in translation), “The Eucharist and Anaphoras of the Byzantine Synthesis”, in Do This in Remembrance of Me: The Eucharist from the Early Church to the Present Day (SCM Studies in Worship and Liturgy), London: SCM Press, →ISBN, page 126:

(dated) A small star; also (by extension), something resembling or shaped like a star.

(Eastern Orthodoxy, Roman Catholicism) An instrument with radiating arms resembling a star which is placed over the diskos (or paten) used during the Eucharist to prevent the veil covering the chalice and diskos from touching the host on the diskos.

tähti

instrument with radiating arms placed over the diskos used during the Eucharist


OF

(Roman Catholicism) Initialism of Ordinary Form.


alb

From Middle English aube, awbe, albe, abbe, from Late Old English albe (but later reinforced by Old French aube, Medieval Latin alba), borrowed from Latin alba (as in tunica alba (“white tunic”), vestis alba (“white garment”)), feminine of albus (“white”).

‘The confidence of the very rich,’ thought Father Carter watching Binkie shaking out albs and cottas and calling rather loudly to the organist.

1978, Jane Gardam, God on the Rocks, Abacus, published 2014, page 131:

(Christianity, chiefly Anglicanism, Roman Catholicism) A long, white robe worn by priests and other ministers, underneath most of the other vestments.

alba

a long white robe worn by priests and other ministers


vat

Inherited from Middle English vat, a dialectal variant of fat (“vat, vessel, cask”), from Old English fæt (“vat, vessel”), from Proto-West Germanic *fat, from Proto-Germanic *fatą (“vessel”), from Proto-Indo-European *pod- (“vessel”).
Cognate with Scots fat, vat, vautt (“vat, cask, tub”), West Frisian fet, Dutch vat (“barrel, cask, vessel, vat”), German Fass (“barrel, keg, drum, cask, vat”), Danish fad (“saucer, dish”), Swedish fat (“dish, barrel, cask, vat”), Icelandic fat (“dish, saucer”). See fat.

cog

(Roman Catholicism) A vessel for holding holy water.


communion

en-noun

communion (countable and uncountable, plural communions)

From Middle English communion, from Old French comunion, from Ecclesiastical Latin commūniō (“communion”), from Latin commūnis.

der

(Roman Catholicism) A form of ecclesiastical unity between the Roman Church and another, so that the latter is considered part of the former.


consecrate

en-verb

consecrate (third-person singular simple present consecrates, present participle consecrating, simple past and past participle consecrated)

consecrates (present singular third-person)
consecrating (participle present)
consecrated (participle past)
consecrated (past)

Borrowed from Latin cōnsecrāre, cōnsecrātus.

(transitive, Roman Catholicism, specifically) To ordain as a bishop.


blessed

en-adj

blessed (comparative more blessed, superlative most blessed)

more blessed (comparative)
most blessed (superlative)

condemned

antonym(s) of “having divine aid, or protection, or other blessing”

(Roman Catholicism) A title indicating the beatification of a person, thus allowing public veneration of those who have lived in sanctity or died as martyrs.

блажен

In Catholicism, a title indicating the beatification of a person


Americanism

en-noun

Americanism (countable and uncountable, plural Americanisms)

Moreover, the enthusiasm with which Hecker’s ideas had been received among Catholic liberals in France served to increase Leo XIII’s suspicion that Americanism was yet another attempt, not so very different from the Gallicanisms of the past, to assert the independence of a national church from Rome.

1999, Michael W. Cuneo, The Smoke of Satan: Conservative and Traditionalist Dissent in Contemporary American Catholicism, →ISBN, page 8:

(Roman Catholicism) A putative current of Catholicism in the United States identified and condemned as heretical by Rome in the late 19th century, chiefly characterized by support for secularism and American institutions above Catholic doctrine.


mission

mission (countable and uncountable, plural missions)

Learned borrowing from Latin missiō, missiōnem (“a sending, sending away, dispatching, discharging, release, remission, cessation”).

lbor

(countable, Catholicism) An infrequent gathering of religious believers in a parish, usually part of a larger regional event with a central theme.


requiem

requiem (absolutive indefinite)
requiema (absolutive indefinite singular)
requiemak (absolutive indefinite plural)
requiemek (ergative indefinite)
requiemak (ergative indefinite singular)
requiemek (ergative indefinite plural)
requiemi (dative indefinite)
requiemari (dative indefinite singular)
requiemei (dative indefinite plural)
requiemen (genitive indefinite)
requiemaren (genitive indefinite singular)
requiemen (genitive indefinite plural)
requiemekin (comitative indefinite)
requiemarekin (comitative indefinite singular)
requiemekin (comitative indefinite plural)
requiemengatik (causative indefinite)
requiemarengatik (causative indefinite singular)
requiemengatik (causative indefinite plural)
requiementzat (benefactive indefinite)
requiemarentzat (benefactive indefinite singular)
requiementzat (benefactive indefinite plural)
requiemez (indefinite instrumental)
requiemaz (indefinite instrumental singular)
requiemez (indefinite instrumental plural)
requiemetan (indefinite inessive)
requiemean (indefinite inessive singular)
requiemetan (indefinite inessive plural)
requiemetako (indefinite locative)
requiemeko (indefinite locative singular)
requiemetako (indefinite locative plural)
requiemetara (allative indefinite)
requiemera (allative indefinite singular)
requiemetara (allative indefinite plural)
requiemetaraino (indefinite terminative)
requiemeraino (indefinite singular terminative)
requiemetaraino (indefinite plural terminative)
requiemetarantz (directive indefinite)
requiemerantz (directive indefinite singular)
requiemetarantz (directive indefinite plural)
requiemetarako (destinative indefinite)
requiemerako (destinative indefinite singular)
requiemetarako (destinative indefinite plural)
requiemetatik (ablative indefinite)
requiemetik (ablative indefinite singular)
requiemetatik (ablative indefinite plural)
requiemik (indefinite partitive)
requiemtzat (indefinite prolative)


requiem

(Roman Catholicism) requiem (mass to honor and remember a dead person)


ordinary

/ˈɔɹdɪnɛ(ə)ɹi/

From Anglo-Norman ordenarie, ordenaire et al., Middle French ordinaire, and their source, Medieval Latin ordinarius, noun use of Latin ōrdinārius (“regular, orderly”), from ōrdō (“order”).

(Christianity) A part of the Christian liturgy that is reasonably constant without regard to the date on which the service is performed.

(Catholicism) Alternative letter-case form of Ordinary (“those parts of the Mass which are consistent from day to day”)


province

Tok Pisin: provins

From Middle English provynce, from Anglo-Norman province, Old French province, from Latin prōvincia, seemingly corresponding to prō- and vinciō. Replaced Old English boldġetæl.

(Roman Catholicism) An area under the jurisdiction of a provincial within a monastic order.


translator

[ˌtʰɹænzˈleɪtʰɚ]

[ˌtʰɹænzˈleɪɾɚ]

Directly from Latin trānslātor and French translator, and also from Middle English translatour, from Old French translatour, translateur, etc., from Latin trānslātor, from trānslātus (“carried across”) + -or (“-er: forming agent nouns”), from trānsferō (“carry across”), from trans (“across”) + ferō (“bear, carry”), q.v. Equivalent to translate + -or.

vertaler

someone or something that translates meaning from one language to another

... the translator of the life and miracles of the saints, like the translator of the relics, need not have been "literate"; nor did he have to be a clerk.

2019, Renate Blumenfeld-Kosinski, Images of Sainthood in Medieval Europe, page 100:

(chiefly obsolete) Synonym of carrier, a person who transports something, now particularly (Roman Catholicism, rare) holy relics.


Dominican

From Dominica + -an & Dominic + -an. Compare Latin dominicānus.

A person from the Commonwealth of Dominica or of its descent.


Byzantine

en-adj

Byzantine (comparative more Byzantine, superlative most Byzantine)

more Byzantine (comparative)
most Byzantine (superlative)

From Late Latin byzantinus, itself from Byzantium. The metaphorical senses evoke the reputation for palace intrigue of the Byzantium imperial court.

This was the crowning incident of our visit, and I wondered with what Byzantine ritual the Anointed One fresh from the exercise of his priestly functions would be received among his women.

1920 October, Edith Wharton, In Morocco, New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, page 180:

(Eastern Orthodoxy, Catholicism) Of or relating to the Byzantine Rite or any of the many Eastern Orthodox churches and Greek Catholic churches that use this rite for their liturgical celebrations.


monastery

From Middle English monasterie, from Old French monastere, from Medieval Latin monastērium (“monastery”), from Ancient Greek μοναστήριον (monastḗrion, “hermitage, monastery”), from μοναστήριος (monastḗrios, “alone, made alone”) + -ιον (-ion, “-ium”, suffix forming place names), from μονάζω (monázō, “to be alone”), from μόνος (mónos, “alone”) + -άζω (-ázō, verb-forming suffix). Doublet of minster.

der

A residence for monks or others who have taken religious vows.


abbas

Unadapted borrowing from Latin abbas (“abbot”), from Ancient Greek ἀββᾶς (abbâs), from Aramaic אבא (’abbā, “father”), from Proto-Semitic *ʾab- (“father”). Doublet of aba and abu.


abbas

la-noun

abbās m (genitive abbātis, feminine abbātissa); third declension

abbās (canonical masculine)
abbātis (genitive)
abbātissa (feminine)
abbās (nominative singular)
abbātēs (nominative plural)
abbātis (genitive singular)
abbātum (genitive plural)
abbātī (dative singular)
abbātibus (dative plural)
abbātem (accusative singular)
abbātēs (accusative plural)
abbāte (ablative singular)
abbātibus (ablative plural)
abbās (singular vocative)
abbātēs (plural vocative)

Italo-Dalmatian

Italian: abate (see there for further descendants)

Neapolitan: abbate

Sicilian: abbati

Padanian:

Piedmontese: abà

Romagnol: abêt

Old Occitan:

Catalan: abat

Occitan: abat

West Iberian

Asturian: abá

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: abade
Galician: abade
Portuguese: abade

Old Spanish: abbat, abad

Spanish: abad (see there for further descendants)

Borrowings

→ Crimean Tatar: abbat

→ Danish: abbed

→ Finnish: apotti

→ Georgian: აბატი (abaṭi)

→ Indonesian: abbas

→ Latvian: abats

→ Lithuanian: abatas

→ Middle Dutch: abbet

Dutch: abt
Afrikaans: ab

→ Old English: abbat, abbod

Middle English: abbot, abbod

English: abbot
Gullah: aabut

→ Old Norse: ábóti

Icelandic: ábóti

Norwegian: abbed

→ Old French: abbet (see there for further descendants)

→ Old High German: abbāt

Middle High German: abbāt

German: Abt

Luxembourgish: Abt

→ Hungarian: apát

→ Czech: opat
→ Polish: opat

→ Macedonian: опат (opat)

→ Serbo-Croatian: опат

→ Slovak: opát

→ Slovene: opat

→ Ukrainian: опат (opat)

→ Old Irish: ap (see there for further descendants)

→ Old Norse: abbati

Faroese: abbati

→ Old Saxon: *abbat

Middle Low German: abbet, abt

→ Old Swedish: abbot

Swedish: abbot

→ Proto-Brythonic: *abad

Breton: abad

Cornish: abas

Middle Welsh: abat

Welsh: abad

→ West Frisian: abt

From Ancient Greek ἀββα, ἀββᾶς (abba, abbâs, “father or abbot”), from Aramaic אבא (’abbā, “father”).


minor

From Middle English minor, menor, menour, etc., from Latin minor (“lesser; young; young person”) both directly and via Norman and Middle French menor, menour, etc. Doublet of minus but not mini-. Cognate with minister, minify, Minorca, Menshevik, and possibly minnow. Compare Latin minimum and minuō, Old High German minniro, Cornish minow.

byvak

subject of secondary undergraduate study

He... to þe menours ordre went

1447, Osbern Bokenham, Legendys of Hooly Wummen, l. 10520:

(Catholicism) Alternative letter-case form of Minor: a Franciscan friar, a Clarist nun.


pater

nl-noun

pater m (plural paters, diminutive patertje n)

paters (plural)
patertje (diminutive neuter)

→ Saramaccan: páiti

From Middle Dutch pater, from Latin pater, from Proto-Italic *patēr, from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr. Doublet of vader and va.

(Roman Catholicism) father (as a religious title)


pater

id-noun

patêr (first-person possessive paterku, second-person possessive patermu, third-person possessive paternya)

patêr (canonical)
paterku (first-person possessive)
patermu (possessive second-person)
paternya (possessive third-person)

From Dutch pater, from Latin pater, from Proto-Italic *patēr, from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr.


frater

fratêr (first-person possessive fraterku, second-person possessive fratermu, third-person possessive fraternya)

fratêr (canonical)
fraterku (first-person possessive)
fratermu (possessive second-person)
fraternya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from Dutch frater, from Latin frāter, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰréh₂tēr. Doublet of bruder.

(Catholicism) a candidate for priesthood


pope

Jamaican Creole: puop

Tok Pisin: pop

→ Hindi: पोप (pop)

→ Urdu: پوپ (pop)

From Middle English pope, popa, from Old English pāpa, from Vulgar Latin papa (title for priests and bishops, esp. and by 8th c. only the bishop of Rome), from early Byzantine Greek παπᾶς (papâs, title for priests and bishops, especially by 3rd c. the bishop of Alexandria), from late Ancient Greek πάπας (pápas, title for priests and bishops, in the sense of spiritual father), from πάππας (páppas, “papa, daddy”).

der

We often say, that every man has a pope in his belly.

1689, G. Bulkeley, “People's Right to Election”, in Andros Tracts, published 1869, II. 106:

Burne-Jones... accepted him [Dante Gabriel Rossetti] as the infallible Pope of Art.

Both [discoveries] were rejected offhand by the popes of the field.

Above all, the SED reformers cite the progress inherent in the emancipation of Westem Communist parties from the "red popes in the Kremlin."

1978, Atlas World Press Review, volume 25, page 19:

(Roman Catholicism and generally) An honorary title of the Roman Catholic bishop of Rome as father and head of his church, a sovereign of the Vatican city state.

(by extension, now often ironic) Any similarly absolute and 'infallible' authority.

In þat yle dwelleth the Pope of hire lawe, þat þei clepen lobassy.

c. 1400, John Mandeville, Travels (Titus C.xvi, 1919), 205

Mufti, the Mahometan pope or chief of the religion.

1787, Vincent Mignot, translated by A. Hawkins, The history of the Turkish, or Ottoman Empire, section IV:

Although Islam has no formal hierarchy of clergy, Tantawy [Egypt's grand imam] often is called the Muslim pope.

(by extension) Any similar head of a religion.

Eche day there etyn in his court xii erchebeshopis and xx bishopis, and the patriak of Seynt Thomays is as here pope.

ante''' 1500, John Mandeville, Travels (Rawl., 1953), 103

Ramone, known as ‘the Pope of Pop’ is one of the top record producer-engineers in the world.

(uncommon) A theocrat, a priest-king, including (at first especially) over the imaginary land of Prester John or (now) in figurative and alliterative uses.

This is the only piece in which the author has given a hint of his religion, by ridiculing the ceremony of burning the pope, and by mentioning with some indignation the inscription […]

1830, Alexander Pope, The Poetical Works of Alexander Pope, page xxi:

As York's succession was challenged by burning the pope, the Duke of Monmouth was again heralded in the city as a Protestant alternative.

2005, Gary S. De Krey, London and the Restoration, 1659–1683, →ISBN, page 182:

(UK) An effigy of the pope traditionally burnt in Britain on Guy Fawkes' Day and (occasionally) at other times.

(US, obsolete) Pope Day, the present Guy Fawkes Day.

Þa wæs in þa tid Uitalius papa þæs apostolican seðles aldorbiscop.

ante''' 950, translating Bede's Ecclesiastical History (Tanner), iv. i. 252

The Pope is not going to issue a bull condemning the Spanish Church's support of France and destroy the Church's right to exist in Spain.

1959 August 19, Flannery O'Connor, letter in Habit of Being (1980), 347

2007 May 5, Ted Koppel (guest), Wait, Wait... Don’t tell me!, National Public Radio
I really did want to interview the pope. Any pope. I'm not particular.


placebo

LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-placebo.wav

From Middle English placebo, from Latin placēbō (“I will please”), the first-person singular future active indicative of placeō (“I please”).

There the placebo, the office for the dead, was sung, and a vigil kept throughout the night.

2011, Thomas Penn, Winter King, Penguin, published 2012, page 349:

(Roman Catholicism) The vespers sung in the office for the dead.


pattern

From earlier patten, paterne, from Middle English patron (“patron; example”), from Old French patron, from Medieval Latin patrōnus (“patron”). Doublet of padrone, patron, and Patronus.

skemo

intelligible arrangement which has a mathematical, geometric, statistical etc. relationship

(Ireland, Roman Catholicism) The devotions that take place within a parish on the feast day of the patron saint of that parish.

pátrún

devotions that take place on the feast day of a patron saint


papa

la-noun

pāpa m (genitive pāpae, feminine pāpissa); first declension

pāpa (canonical masculine)
pāpae (genitive)
pāpissa (feminine)
pāpa (nominative singular)
pāpae (nominative plural)
pāpae (genitive singular)
pāpārum (genitive plural)
pāpae (dative singular)
pāpīs (dative plural)
pāpam (accusative singular)
pāpās (accusative plural)
pāpā (ablative singular)
pāpīs (ablative plural)
pāpa (singular vocative)
pāpae (plural vocative)

→ Albanian: papë

→ Proto-Brythonic: *pab

Middle Welsh: pap

Welsh: pab

→ Middle Dutch: pape

Dutch: paap

→ Old English: pāpa (see there for further descendants)

→ Old French: pape (see there for further descendants)

→ Hungarian: pápa

→ Old Irish: pápa

Irish: pápa

Scottish Gaelic: pàpa

→ Italian: papa
→ Turkish: papa

→ Old Galician-Portuguese: papa

Galician: papa

Portuguese: papa
→ Swahili: papa

→ Romanian: papă

→ Spanish: papa
→ Tagalog: Papa

From early Byzantine Greek πάπας (pápas, title for priests & bishops, especially by 3rd c. the bishop of Alexandria), from πάππας (páppas, “papa, daddy”).

bor

The traditional exclamation in Rome after a papal election:

"Habemus papam!" ― "We have a [new] pope!"

(Ecclesiastical Latin) a pope (the Roman Catholic bishop of Rome)


papa

pāpa (canonical masculine)
pāpa (nominative singular)
pāpan (nominative plural)
pāpan (accusative singular)
pāpan (accusative plural)
pāpan (genitive singular)
pāpena (genitive plural)
pāpan (dative singular)
pāpum (dative plural)

desctree

Middle English: pope, pape, popa, papa, papæ, pwope
English: pope
Jamaican Creole: puop
Tok Pisin: pop
→ Hindi: पोप (pop)
→ Urdu: پوپ (pop)
Scots: pape, paipe, paip

From Ecclesiastical Latin pāpa, from Ancient Greek πάπας (pápas, “bishop, patriarch”), variant of πάππας (páppas, “father”).

der

late 9th century, translation of Bede's Ecclesiastical History
...oððe frām leorningcnihtum þǣs ēadigan pāpan Sce. Gregories...

...or from disciples of the blessed pope St. Gregory...


papa

papa (nominative singular)
papy (nominative plural)
papy (genitive singular)
pap (genitive plural)
papie (dative singular)
papom (dative plural)
papę (accusative singular)
papy (accusative plural)
papą (instrumental singular)
papami (instrumental plural)
papie (locative singular)
papach (locative plural)
papo (singular vocative)
papy (plural vocative)


papa

pāpá (canonical class-1a)
bāpāpá (class-2a plural)


tabernacle

From Middle English tabernacle (14th century), from Old French tabernacle, from Latin tabernāculum (“tent, booth, shed”), the diminutive of taberna (“hut, shed”).

The tabernacle is to be situated "in churches in a most worthy place with the greatest honor." The dignity, placing, and security of the Eucharistic tabernacle should foster adoration before the Lord really present in the Blessed Sacrament of the altar.

1997, Catechism of the Catholic Church, Part II, Section 1183

(Roman Catholicism) A small ornamented cupboard or box used for the reserved sacrament of the Eucharist, normally located in an especially prominent place in a church.

дарохранителница

small ornamented cupboard or box used for the sacrament of the Eucharist


Espíritu Santo

From espíritu (“spirit”) + santo (“holy”).

En el nombre del Padre, y del Hijo, y del Espíritu Santo.

In the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit.

(Christianity, theology) the Holy Spirit, Holy Ghost


Holy Ghost

From Middle English Holi Gost, from Old English Hāliġ Gāst, a calque of Latin Spīritus Sānctus, which in turn is a calque of Ancient Greek Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον (Pneûma tò Hágion), from πνεῦμα (pneûma, “breath, vital force, soul”) + ἅγιος (hágios, “holy”)), a calque of Hebrew רוח הקודש (ruaḥ ha-qodesh), from רוח (ruaḥ, “wind, breath, spirit”) + קודש (qodesh, “holiness”), from earlier רוח יהוה (ruaḥ yahveh, “wind of Yahweh”).

calque

Πνεῦμα τὸ Ἅγιον

Now the birth of Iesus Christ was on this wise: When as his mother Mary was espoused to Ioseph (before they came together) shee was found with childe of the holy Ghost.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Matthew 1:18:

O God the Holy Ghost, Perfecter of the Elect, Have Mercy on us.

1728, “The Litany of the Saints and Angels”, in A Manual of Prayers and Other Christian Devotions, page 50:

I baptise thee in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost.

1899, “Lay Baptism”, in The Catholic's Pocket Prayer-Book, page 4:

There are deadly sins from which God's people may recover. A man may even communicate unworthily, and yet, so be it he sin not against the Holy Ghost, he may find forgiveness.

1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide:

(Christianity) The person (hypostasis) of the Trinity or Godhead corresponding to divine essence, which becomes present in and among the faithful (particularly inspired prophets) and is considered to proceed either (Eastern Orthodoxy) from God the Father alone or (Roman Catholicism) from Him together with God the Son.


canon

en-noun

canon (countable and uncountable, plural canons)

From Middle English canoun, from Old French canon and Old English canon, both from Latin canōn, from Ancient Greek κανών (kanṓn, “measuring rod, standard”), akin to κάννα (kánna, “reed”), from Semitic (compare Hebrew קָנֶה (qane, “reed”) and Arabic قَنَاة (qanāh, “reed”)). Doublet of qanun. See also cane, cannon, canyon, canal.

der

A eucharistic prayer, particularly the Roman Canon.


canon

nl-noun

canon m (plural canons, diminutive canonnetje n)

canons (plural)
canonnetje (diminutive neuter)

From Ancient Greek κανών (kanṓn, “measuring rod, standard”), akin to κάννα (kánna, “reed”), perhaps from Semitic (compare Hebrew קנה (qaneh, “reed”)).

(Roman Catholicism) canon (part of a mass following the Sanctus up to the end of the Pater Noster, consisting mostly of prayers)


luna

Borrowed from Latin lūna (“moon; month; crescent”).

“Gee,” whispered Oliver. He sat there staring. “A luna! I never thought I’d see a real luna!”

1944, Elizabeth Enright, Then There Were Five, Farrar & Rinehart, page 80:

On the previous evening we had discovered with delight a luna with the fabulous moons, one on each pale green wing.

1969, Sterling North, “An Introduction to Butterflies and Moths”, in Boys’ Life, May 1969 issue, Boy Scouts of America, page 64

Spray BT on your young oak to protect against gypsy moths, and you wipe out future lunas, cecropias, and everything else on the leaves, along with the pests.

2010, Sally Roth (contributor), in Judy Pray (compiler), Garden Wisdom & Know-How: Everything You Need to Know to Plant, Grow, and Harvest, Black Dog & Leventhal Publishers, Inc., page 348

(entomology) A luna moth: a member of species Actias luna.

The Bread of Angels is first taken from the tabernacle, where it rests in the luna, and placed upon the altar, covered with a corporal. After genuflecting, the priest puts the luna containing the Blessed Sacrament on its throne—the monstrance—and elevates it […]

1907 May, “Dominicanus”, “The Rosary and the Blessed Sacrament”, in the Dominican Friars, The Rosary Magazine, Volume 30, Number 5, page 494

This receptacle is called a “luna” or “lunula” (a moon, or a little moon), and has glass on either side, so that the Host may be seen when enclosed therein. […] ¶ […] ¶ The ciborium, the pyx and luna of the ostensorium are blessed with a simpler formula than that used for the chalice, and […] ¶ […] ¶ The chalice, the paten, the luna and the pyx are sacred things, true sacramentals, and are worthy of deepest reverence; for […]

1917, John F. Sullivan, The Externals of the Catholic Church, BiblioLife, LLC, published 2009, →ISBN, pages 115–116:

The luna, which is a piece of glass in the shape of a moon, contains the Blessed Sacrament, previously consecrated. The luna is then placed in the middle of the sunburst of the monstrance.

2007, John Trigilio, Kenneth Brighenti, The Catholicism Answer Book: The 300 Most Frequently Asked Questions, Sourcebooks, Inc., →ISBN, page 156:

(Christianity, chiefly Catholicism and Anglicanism) A lunette: a crescent-shaped receptacle, often glass, for holding the (consecrated) host (the bread of communion) upright when exposed in the monstrance.


sacrifice

en-noun

sacrifice (countable and uncountable, plural sacrifices)

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *seh₂k-
Proto-Italic *sakros
Latin sacer
Latin sacrum
Proto-Italic *fakjō
Latin facio
Proto-Indo-European *-yōs
Proto-Italic *-jōs
Old Latin -ios
Latin -ius
Latin -ium
Latin sacrificiumlbor.
Old French sacrifisebor.
Middle English sacrifice
English sacrifice
From Middle English sacrifice (“act of offering a life or object to a deity; the life or object so offered; (Christianity) act of consecrating the elements in the mass”), from Anglo-Norman sacrefiz, and Old French sacrifice, sacrifise (modern French sacrifice), from Latin sacrificium (“something offered to a deity, sacrifice”), from sacrum (“sacrifice, sacrificial rite”) + faciō (“to do, to make”) + -ium (suffix forming abstract nouns). The noun sacrum is the nominalized neuter of the adjective sacer (“devoted to a deity for sacrifice; holy, sacred”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *seh₂k- (“ceremony, ritual; to make sacred”), and the verb faciō is ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁- (“to do; to place, put”). Related Latin formations include sacrificus (“of or pertaining to sacrifice, sacrificial”) and sacrificō (“to make a sacrifice”).
cognates
* Italian sagrifizio
* Occitan sacrifici
* Portuguese sacrificio
* Spanish sacrificio

der

The pretensions of the holy see, the authority of tradition, purgatory, transubstantiation, the sacrifice of the mass, […] were copiously discussed.

1849, Thomas Babington Macaulay, chapter VI, in The History of England from the Accession of James II, volume II, London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC, pages 109–110:

(by extension) The rite of Holy Communion or the Mass, regarded as (Protestantism) an offering of thanksgiving to God for Christ's crucifixion, or (Roman Catholicism) a perpetual re-enactment of Christ's sacrificial offering.


Holy Spirit

From Late Middle English Holy Speryte, holy spiriet, holy spyryt, an alteration of earlier Middle English Holygost, Haliȝ Gast, holy goost (see Holy Ghost), equivalent to holy + Spirit.

In the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit.

The Holy Spirit is now the Spirit of Christ as it was once known by the title of the Spirit of God.

1731, “Dialogue on the Holy Spirit”, in Alexander Campbell, editor, The Millennial Harbinger, volume 2, page 553:

(Christianity) The person (hypostasis) of the Trinity or Godhead corresponding to divine essence present in the faithful (particularly inspired prophets) and considered to proceed either from (Eastern Orthodoxy) God the Father alone or (Roman Catholicism) from Him together with God the Son.


administrator

nl-noun

administrator m (plural administratoren)

(Roman Catholicism) ecclesiastical administrator, a steward of a bishop


santo

pt-noun

santo m (plural santos, feminine santa, feminine plural santas)

santos (plural)
santa (feminine)
santas (feminine plural)

→ Kadiwéu: xaanto

→ Nheengatu: santu

→ Tetum: santu

From Old Galician-Portuguese santo, from Latin sānctus, perfect passive participle of sanciō (“consecrate, appoint as sacred”), from Proto-Indo-European *sān- (“healthy, happy”).

der

quando a esmola é demais, o santo desconfia

(Roman Catholicism) someone who has been formally canonised by the Catholic Church


santo

From earlier sancto, from Latin sānctus.


agape

From Ancient Greek ἀγάπη (agápē, “love; the love between man and God; Christian love feasts”).

(Catholicism) agape, love; the love between man and God; Christian love feasts.


nun

From Middle English nonne, nunne, from Old English nunne (“nun”), from Late Latin nonna (“nun, tutor”), originally (along with masculine form nonnus (“man”)) a term of address for elderly persons, perhaps from children's speech, reminiscent of nana, like papa etc. Doublet of nonna.

onomatopoeic

children's speech

Thus, when the nuns came to the mission and we saw that instead of murmuring soft blessings and gliding seraphically over the grass in diaphanous habits, they wore smart blouses and skirts and walked, laughed and talked in low twanging tones very much like our own American missionaries did, we were very disappointed.

1988, Tsitsi Dangarembga, Nervous Conditions, Faber & Faber Limited (2021), page 258:

A member of a Christian religious community of women who live by certain vows and usually wear a habit, (Roman Catholicism, specifically) those living together in a cloister.

non

member of a non-Christian religious community of women


schism

From Middle English scisme, from Old French cisme or scisme, from Ancient Greek σχίσμα (skhísma, “division”), from σχίζω (skhízō, “I split”). Doublet of schisma.
This word was historically pronounced /ˈsɪzəm/ (and still is among the clergy); the pronunciations /ˈʃɪzəm/, /ˈskɪzəm/ are due to the spelling (the latter may have been reinforced by learned influence); compare schedule.

der

(Catholicism) a split within Christianity whereby a group no longer recognizes the Bishop of Rome as the head of the Church, but shares essentially the same beliefs with the Church of Rome. In other words, a political split without the introduction of heresy.


chapter

→ Cebuano: tsapter

From Middle English chapitre, from Old French chapitre, from Latin capitulum (“a chapter of a book, in Medieval Latin also a synod or council”), diminutive of caput (“a head”); see capital, capitulum, and chapiter, which are doublets of chapter.

(Roman Catholicism) A prescribed reading at one of the canonical hours.


abbatissa

la-noun

abbātissa f (genitive abbātissae, masculine abbās); first declension

abbātissa (canonical feminine)
abbātissae (genitive)
abbās (masculine)
abbātissa (nominative singular)
abbātissae (nominative plural)
abbātissae (genitive singular)
abbātissārum (genitive plural)
abbātissae (dative singular)
abbātissīs (dative plural)
abbātissam (accusative singular)
abbātissās (accusative plural)
abbātissā (ablative singular)
abbātissīs (ablative plural)
abbātissa (singular vocative)
abbātissae (plural vocative)

→ Breton: abadessa

Catalan: abadessa

→ Czech: abatyše

→ Danish: abbedisse

→ Dutch: abdis

→ English: abbatess

→ Finnish: abbedissa

→ Icelandic: abbadís

desc

Italian: badessa, abadessa, abbadessa (archaic)

→ Norwegian Bokmål: abbedisse

Old French: abaesse, abeesse

French: abbesse

Norman: abbêsse

→ Middle English: abbesse

English: abbess

→ Middle High German: abtissine

→ Czech: jeptiška

desctree

Old Galician-Portuguese: abadessa
Galician: abadesa
Portuguese: abadessa

Old Spanish: abbadesa

Spanish: abadesa
→ Basque: abadesa
→ Hiligaynon: abadesa
→ Tagalog: abadesa

→ Polish: abtysa (learned)

Romanian: abatesă

→ Russian: аббатиса (abbatisa)

→ Swedish: abbedissa

→ Ukrainian: абатиса (abatysa)

→ Welsh: abades

[äbːäːˈt̪ɪs̠ːä]

[äbːäˈt̪isːä]

abbās (“abbot”) + -issa (“feminine noun-forming suffix”).

affix

(Late Latin) abbess, female head of an abbey


Agnus Dei

en-noun

Agnus Dei (plural Agnus Deis or Agnus Dei)

Borrowed from Latin Agnus Deī (“Lamb of God”).

(Roman Catholicism, heraldry) A small model, picture, or heraldic representation of a lamb with a cross and sometimes a flag (usually white with a red cross).

Matilda continued her incantations; at intervals she took various items from the basket, the nature and name of most of which were unknown to the friar: but among the few which he distinguished, he particularly observed three human fingers, and an agnus dei, which she broke in pieces.

1796, Matthew Lewis, The Monk, Folio Society, published 1985, page 194:

The most common of these amulets was the agnus dei, a small wax cake, originally made out of paschal candles and blessed by the Pope, bearing the image of the lamb and flag.

1971, Keith Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic, Folio Society, published 2012, page 28:

(Roman Catholicism) A bar of wax imprinted with a similar shape and blessed by the Pope.


legato

eo-head

legato (accusative singular legaton, plural legatoj, accusative plural legatojn)

legaton (accusative singular)
legatoj (plural)
legatojn (accusative plural)


conclave

Borrowed from French conclave, from Latin conclāve (“room that may be locked up”), from con- (combining form of cum (“with”)) + clāvis (“key”).

der

[W]e find it once said of an eminent Cardinal, by reaſon of his great and apparent Likelihood to ſtep into St. Peter’s Chair, that in tvvo Conclaves he vvent in Pope, and came out again Cardinal.

1685 March 4 (Gregorian calendar); first published 1692, Robert South, “A Sermon Preached at Westminster-Abbey, February 22, 1684–5”, in Twelve Sermons Preached upon Several Occasions. […], volume I, London: […] J[ohn] H[eptinstall] for Thomas Bennet, […], →OCLC, page 327:

His exit came as at least a dozen other cardinals tarnished with accusations that they had failed to remove priests accused of sexually abusing minors were among those gathering in Rome to prepare for the conclave to select a successor to Pope Benedict XVI.

2013 February 27, Laurie Goodstein, “Now Gathering in Rome, a Conclave of Fallible Cardinals”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

(Roman Catholicism) A closed meeting in which the elector cardinals of the Roman Catholic Church choose a new pope.

Two hours before nightfall, the whole body met again in a chapel within the conclave […]

1884, John Sherren Brewer, edited by James Gairdner, The Reign of Henry VIII from His Accession to the Death of Wolsey […] , volume 1, page 442:

(Roman Catholicism) The set of apartments in which the elector cardinals are secluded while a conclave takes place.

konklavo

set of apartments within which the cardinals are secluded

(Roman Catholicism) The group of cardinals involved in a conclave.


patron

(uncommon, Roman Catholicism) patron saint


Trinitarian

From French trinitaire (from Medieval Latin trinitarius, from Latin trinitas + -arius) + -ian.

trinitari

of or pertaining to the doctrine of the Trinity

It was no less than whether the psychic movement in Britain was destined to take a Unitarian or a Trinitarian course.

1925 July – 1926 May, A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “(please specify the chapter number)”, in The Land of Mist (eBook no. 0601351h.html), Australia: Project Gutenberg Australia, published April 2019:


papal

ca-adj

papal m or f (masculine and feminine plural papals)


papal

es-adj

papal m or f (masculine and feminine plural papales)

Borrowed from Medieval Latin papālis, from Ecclesiastical Latin papa.


bishopric

From Middle English bischopriche, from Old English bisċoprīċe, equivalent to bishop + -ric (compare German Reich).

Later that year, he was appointed to the bishopric of Lindesmeere.

Iohn Fiſher Biſhop of Rocheſter, when the King [Henry VII of England] would have tranſlated him from that poore Biſhopricke to a better, he refuſed, saying: He would not forſake his poore little olde wife, with whom he had ſo long lived.

1605, M. N. [pseudonym; William Camden], “Grave Speeches, and Wittie Apothegms of Woorthie Personages of This Realme in Former Times”, in Remaines of a Greater Worke, Concerning Britaine, […], London: […] G[eorge] E[ld] for Simon Waterson, →OCLC, page 220:

Wiltshire actually comes from Wiltonshire, for Wilton was once a county town, royal residence and bishopric - a place of significance.

2023 June 28, Stephen Roberts, “Bradshaw's Britain: Alton to Exeter”, in RAIL, number 986, page 59:

A diocese or region of a church which a bishop governs.


abt

abti (genitive)
abti (partitive)
abt (nominative singular)
abtid (nominative plural)
abt (accusative nominative singular)
abtid (accusative nominative plural)
abti (accusative genitive singular)
abtid (accusative genitive plural)
abti (genitive singular)
abtide (genitive plural)
abti (partitive singular)
abte (partitive plural)
abtisid (partitive plural)
abti (illative singular)
abtisse (illative singular)
abtidesse (illative plural)
abtesse (illative plural)
abtis (inessive singular)
abtides (inessive plural)
abtes (inessive plural)
abtist (elative singular)
abtidest (elative plural)
abtest (elative plural)
abtile (allative singular)
abtidele (allative plural)
abtele (allative plural)
abtil (adessive singular)
abtidel (adessive plural)
abtel (adessive plural)
abtilt (ablative singular)
abtidelt (ablative plural)
abtelt (ablative plural)
abtiks (singular translative)
abtideks (plural translative)
abteks (plural translative)
abtini (singular terminative)
abtideni (plural terminative)
abtina (essive singular)
abtidena (essive plural)
abtita (abessive singular)
abtideta (abessive plural)
abtiga (comitative singular)
abtidega (comitative plural)


office

Tok Pisin: opis

→ Belarusian: о́фіс (ófis)

→ Bulgarian: о́фис (ófis)

→ Cebuano: opis

→ Chichewa: ofesi

→ Central Dusun: upis

→ Hindi: ऑफ़िस (ŏfis)

→ Iban: opis

→ Japanese: オフィス

→ Marshallese: wōpij

→ Malay: opis

→ Russian: о́фис (ófis)

→ Scottish Gaelic: oifis

→ Swahili: afisi

→ Tausug: upis

→ Ukrainian: о́фіс (ófis)

Microsoft Office
office (disambiguation)

From Middle English office, from Old French office, from Latin officium (“personal, official, or moral duty; official position; function; ceremony, esp. last rites”), contracted from opificium (“construction: the act of building or the thing built”), from opifex (“doer of work, craftsman”) + -ium (“-y”, forming actions), from op- (“work”) + -i- (connective) + -fex (combining form of faciō (“to do, to make”)).
The use in reference to office software is a genericization of various proprietary program suites, such as Microsoft Office.

zyrë

room(s) or building used for non-manual work

In the Latin rite, all bishops, priests, and transitional deacons are obliged to recite the Divine Office daily.

His spirituall exercises were chiefly Prayer, the H. Sacrifice of Masse, his Canonicall Houres or diuine Office.

1674, Richard Strange, The Life and Gests of S. Thomas Cantilupe, Bishop of Hereford, page 287:

(religion) A ceremonial duty or service, particularly:

(Catholicism) The daily service of the breviary, the liturgy for each canonical hour, including psalms, collects, and lessons.

A Biscayner is capable to be a Cavalier of any of the three habits without any scrutiny to be made of the Office, whether he be, limpio de la sangre de los Moros, that is cleare of the bloud of the Moores or no.

1642, J. Howell, chapter X, in Forraine Travell, page 131:

They abiured their Heresy bublikly [sic] before the Commissary of the holy office.

(figuratively, in large organizations) The administrative departments housed in such places, particularly:

(Catholicism, usually capitalized) Short for Holy Office: the court of final appeal in cases of heresy.


alba

Inherited from Vulgar Latin *alba, from Latin albus (“white”).

(Catholicism, liturgy) the white tunic worn by priests


alba

alba (nominative singular)
alby (nominative plural)
alby (genitive singular)
alb (genitive plural)
albie (dative singular)
albom (dative plural)
albę (accusative singular)
alby (accusative plural)
albą (instrumental singular)
albami (instrumental plural)
albie (locative singular)
albach (locative plural)
albo (singular vocative)
alby (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin alba. First attested in 1528.

ref

Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “alba”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]

Coordinate term: komża

białe alby

(Anglicanism, Lutheranism, Roman Catholicism) alb (long white robe worn by ministers at religious ceremonies)


Ave Maria

/ˈɑːveɪ̯ məˈɹiːə/

From Middle English Ave Maria, Ave Marie, Ave Mary(e), from Latin Avē Marīa.

Hail Mary (Catholic prayer, part of the rosary)


penitent

pl-noun

penitent m pers (female equivalent penitentka)

penitentka (feminine)
penitent (nominative singular)
penitenci (nominative plural)
penitenty (derogatory nominative plural)
penitenta (genitive singular)
penitentów (genitive plural)
penitentowi (dative singular)
penitentom (dative plural)
penitenta (accusative singular)
penitentów (accusative plural)
penitentem (instrumental singular)
penitentami (instrumental plural)
penitencie (locative singular)
penitentach (locative plural)
penitencie (singular vocative)
penitenci (plural vocative)

Internationalism; compare English penitent, French pénitent, German Pönitent, ultimately from Latin poenitēns.

(Roman Catholicism) penitent (who repents of sin; one sorrowful on account of their transgressions)


修道院

ja-noun

修(しゅう)道(どう)院(いん) • (shūdōin)

From Chinese 修道 (xiūdào, “spiritual discipline”) + 院 (yuàn, “court or school”).

der

(Catholicism) an abbey; a monastery; a cloister


archbishop

/ˌɑː(ɹ)t͡ʃˈbɪʃəp/

/ˈɑː(ɹ)t͡ʃˌbɪʃəp/

From Middle English erchebischop, archebischop, from Old English arċebisċop (“archbishop”), from Late Latin or Ecclesiastical Latin archiepiscopus, from Ancient Greek ἀρχιεπίσκοπος (arkhiepískopos), from ἀρχι- (arkhi-, “first, chief”) + ἐπίσκοπος (epískopos, “overseer”), from ἐπισκοπέω (episkopéō, “I watch over”), from ἐπί (epí, “over”) + σκοπέω (skopéō, “I examine”), equivalent to arch- + bishop.

ἀρχιεπίσκοπος

compound

A senior bishop who is in charge of an archdiocese, and presides over a group of dioceses called a province (in Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, Anglicanism, etc.)


diocese

From Middle English diocise, from Old French diocese, from Late Latin diocēsis, from Latin dioecēsis (“district under a governor”), from Ancient Greek διοίκησις (dioíkēsis, “internal administration”).

der

(historical) An administrative division of the later Roman Empire, established by the Herodian tetrarchy.

diokeesi

administrative division of the Roman Empire

(Christianity) A group of parishes administered by a bishop.


diocese

From Ancient Greek δῐοίκησῐς (dioíkēsis), through Latin dioecēsis.

(religion) diocese (administrative district in some ancient Roman provinces)


sacerdos

la-noun

sacerdōs m or f (genitive sacerdōtis); third declension

sacerdōs (canonical feminine masculine)
sacerdōtis (genitive)
sacerdōs (nominative singular)
sacerdōtēs (nominative plural)
sacerdōtis (genitive singular)
sacerdōtum (genitive plural)
sacerdōtī (dative singular)
sacerdōtibus (dative plural)
sacerdōtem (accusative singular)
sacerdōtēs (accusative plural)
sacerdōte (ablative singular)
sacerdōtibus (ablative plural)
sacerdōs (singular vocative)
sacerdōtēs (plural vocative)

Asturian: sacerdote

Catalan: sacerdot

→ Chinese: 司鐸／司铎 (sīduó) (phono-semantic loan)

Galician: sacerdote

Italian: sacerdote

→ Sardinian: satzerdote, sacerdote

Portuguese: sacerdote

Old English: sacerd

Romanian: sacerdot

Sicilian: sacirduti

Spanish: sacerdote

desctree

→ Old Irish: sacart
Irish: sagart
Manx: saggyrt
Scottish Gaelic: sagart
⇒ Middle Irish: sacartacht

From Proto-Italic *sakrodōts. Equivalent to sacer (“sacred, holy”) plus an affix derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰeh₁- (“to do”).


apostate

From Late Latin apostata, from Ancient Greek ἀποστάτης (apostátēs, “rebel”), from ἀφίστημι (aphístēmi, “to withdraw, revolt”), from ἀπό (apó, “from”) + ἵστημι (hístēmi, “to stand”).

der

(Roman Catholicism) One who, after having received sacred orders, renounces his clerical profession.


pastoral

(Roman Catholicism) a letter written by a bishop or the pope explaining a doctrine


protocol

en-noun

protocol (countable and uncountable, plural protocols)

/ˈpɹəʊtəˌkɒl/

Borrowed from Middle French protocolle, protocole (“document, record”), from Late Latin protocollum (“the first sheet of a volume (on which contents and errata were written)”), from Byzantine Greek πρωτόκολλον (prōtókollon, “first sheet glued onto a manuscript”), from πρῶτος (prôtos, “first”) + κόλλα (kólla, “glue”). Doublet of collage, collagen, and colloid.

doublet

This protocol of the Preface has been constant, with minor modification, from the Apostolic Tradition, of Hippolytus in 215 A.D., the earliest extant text of the Eucharistic Prayer, to the present 2002 Missale Romanum.

2010, Virgilio T.J. Suerte Felipe, The Lord’s Supper, Eucharist, Mass… What’s in a Name? […], →ISBN, pages 45–46:

The proper Preface for Eucharistic Prayer II also appears as Common Preface VI. In it, the protocol and body of the Preface structure are meshed.

2011, Michael S. Driscoll, J. Michael Joncas, The Order of Mass: A Roman Missal Study Edition and Workbook, →ISBN, page 213:

The celebrant then takes up this response in the first part of the preface itself (also known by the technical term ‘protocol’): […]

[2022, Uwe Michael Lang, The Roman Mass: From Early Christian Origins to Tridentine Reform, →ISBN, page 140:

(Roman Catholicism) The introduction of a liturgical preface, immediately following the Sursum corda dialogue.


tierce

From Old French tierce, from Latin tertia.

(religion, Roman Catholicism) Synonym of terce: the third canonical hour or its service.


madre

From Old Galician-Portuguese madre, from Latin māter, mātrem (“mother, matron”).


madre

Borrowed from Spanish madre, from Latin mātrem, singular accusative of māter (“mother, matron”).


misa

id-noun

misa (first-person possessive misaku, second-person possessive misamu, third-person possessive misanya)

misaku (first-person possessive)
misamu (possessive second-person)
misanya (possessive third-person)

From Malay misa, borrowed from Portuguese missa (“mass”), from Old Galician-Portuguese missa, from Late Latin missa (“mass”), from Latin mittō (“I send”), from Proto-Indo-European *meyth₂- (“to exchange, remove”). Doublet of mes.


misa

From Portuguese missa (“mass”), from Old Galician-Portuguese missa, from Late Latin missa (“mass”), from Latin mittō (“I send”), from Proto-Indo-European *meyth₂- (“to exchange, remove”).


virgin

From Middle English virgine, from Old French virgine, from Latin virginem, accusative of virgō. Doublet of Virgo. Displaced native Old English fǣmne.

In its list of saints, the Catholic Church classifies St. Agnes, St. Maria Goretti, and St. Thérèse of Lisieux as virgins.

This was the relation of the order of virgins to the Church from the latter part of the fourth to the beginning of the seventh century. The modern “sister” had no exact prototype in the Church of the first seven centuries.

1894, Authorized Report of the Proceedings of the ... Congress of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States ..., page 109:

The list of saints' days and festivals includes a number of the Romish holidays, properly so called, viz.: Lucian, priest and martyr, Jan. 8 ; Hilary, bishop and confessor, Jan. 13 ; Prisca, virgin and martyr, Jan. 18 ; Fabian, bishop and martyr, Jan. 20 ; Agnes, virgin and martyr, Jan. 21 […]

1894, John McClintock, James Strong, Cyclopaedia of Biblical, Theological, and Ecclesiastical Literature, page 26:

It is evident that those from the priesthood are chiefly taken from the order of virgins, or if not from virgins, at least from monks; or if not from the order of monks, then they are wont to be made priests who keep themselves from their wives […].

1900, A Select Library of Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers of the Christian Church: Second Series, page 366:

It ought to have become apparent, however, that the well-established order of widows was the model for the newly developing order of virgins. Both orders earned their legitimization from the way of life adopted by their members […]

1994, Susanna Elm, `Virgins of God' : The Making of Asceticism in Late Antiquity: The Making of Asceticism in Late Antiquity, Clarendon Press, →ISBN, page 174:

According to Jerome's account, a young man, who desired to seduce a consecrated virgin of the church, at first attempted to do so through the standard means of seduction: namely, “with touching, jokes, nods, whistles, and the rest” (Vit. Hil. 21.2670–75).

2007, Todd C. Penner, Caroline Vander Stichele, Mapping Gender in Ancient Religious Discourses, BRILL, →ISBN, page 89:

Grant, O Lord, I beseech thee, that the Virgin and Martyr, St. Philomena, may solicit thy mercy for us. I implore her intercession, through the merits of her chastity, and by the glory that she gave to thy power, in dying for thee.

2015, Anonymous, Aeterna Press, The Life and Miracles: Saint Philomena, Virgin and Martyr, Aeterna Press:

(Catholicism, Orthodoxy or historical) Someone vowed to virginity (usually a woman and often a consecrated virgin), or someone who died in defense of their virginity; (especially) one venerated as a saint.


NO

(Roman Catholicism) Initialism of Novus Ordo.


prose

en-noun

prose (usually uncountable, plural proses)

From Middle English prose, from Old French prose, from Latin prōsa (“straightforward”) from the term prōsa ōrātiō (“a straightforward speech – i.e. without the ornaments of verse”).
further etymology and related terms
The term prōsa (“straightforward”), a colloquial form of prorsa (“straight forwards”), the feminine form prorsus (“straight forwards”), from Old Latin prōvorsus (“moving straight ahead”), from pro- (“forward”) + vorsus (“turned”), form of vertō (“I turn”). Compare verse.

der

Proses are parts of the Office of the Mass which are sung just before the Gospel, upon great Festivals. The French also call those Rhythmical Hymns Proses, which are sung in their Offices in the Church of Rome, in which Rhime only, and not Quantity of Syllables, is observed.

(Roman Catholicism) A hymn with no regular meter, sometimes introduced into the Mass.


primer

US, irregular, but common; borrowed from Etymology 2

From Middle English primer, primere, from Medieval Latin primarius and primarium (“prayer book”) possibly via Anglo-Norman primer (“prayer book”), from prima (“prime the liturgical hour and office”) + -arius and -arium (suffix forming related objects). Its use for schoolbooks derived from the late medieval and early modern use of such prayer books to teach reading.

nowrap

<i class="Latn mention" lang="la">-arium</i> (suffix forming related objects).

(historical, Catholicism ecclesiastical) A prayer or devotional book intended for laity, initially an abridgment of the breviary and manual including the hours of the Virgin Mary, 15 gradual and 7 penitential psalms, the litany, the placebo and dirige forming the office of the dead, and the commendations.


Biblia

From Latin biblia, from Ancient Greek βιβλία (biblía), plural of βιβλίον (biblíon, “books”).

the Bible (the Christian holy book; the Old and New Testaments)


pastor

pasta (Australia, New Zealand, Northern England)

From Middle English pastour, from Old French pastor (Modern French pasteur), from Latin pāstor.

Coordinate term: parochial vicar

(Roman Catholicism, US) The main priest serving a parish.


pastor

[pɐs̪ˈt̪oɾ̪]

Borrowed from Spanish pastor. Doublet of pastores.


pastor

id-noun

pastor (plural pastor-pastor, first-person possessive pastorku, second-person possessive pastormu, third-person possessive pastornya)

pastor-pastor (plural)
pastorku (first-person possessive)
pastormu (possessive second-person)
pastornya (possessive third-person)

From Dutch pastoor, from Middle Dutch pastōor, from Latin pāstor, from pāscō (“to feed, maintain, pasture, graze”), from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂- (“to protect”).

der

(Christianity, Roman Catholicism) parish priest


pastor

tl-noun

pastór (feminine pastora, Baybayin spelling ᜉᜐ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ᜔)

pastór (canonical)
pastora (feminine)
ᜉᜐ᜔ᜆᜓᜇ᜔ (Baybayin)

Borrowed from Spanish pastor. Doublet of pastol, an early borrowing.


hostie

Borrowed from Middle French hostie, from Latin hostia.

1694 August 9, James Drummond, 4th Earl of Perth, Letter XII, in 1845, William Jerdan (editor), Letters from James, Earl of Perth, Lord Chancellor of Scotland, &c, to His Sister, Countess of Erroll, and Other Members of His Family, page 40,
This Hostie* is carryed about the streets in procession : and really it is very fine to see the solemnity.

But he went to another Prieſt, that lived in the Court, who gave him the pix with an hoſtie in it.

1725, Gilbert Burnet, The History of the Reign of King Charles II: Bishop Burnet's History of His Own Time, page 1011:

The confessor gave him an hostie,* with a piece of wood, that was, as he pretended, a true piece of the cross, and by these he was to be fortify himself, if any other apparition should come to him, since evil spirits would certainly be chained up by them.[…]The friar presented the hostie to them, which gave them such a check, that he was fully satisfied of the virtue of this preservative.

1836, Church of England, Extraordinary Instance of Romish Imposition: The Church of England Magazine, volume 1, page 349:

(obsolete, Catholicism, Scotland) the consecrated bread or wafer of the Eucharist, host.


prior

pt-noun

prior m (plural priores, feminine priora or prioresa, feminine plural prioras or prioresas)

priores (plural)
priora (feminine)
prioresa (feminine)
prioras (feminine plural)
prioresas (feminine plural)

(Catholicism) prior (superior of a religious or military order.)


성

Sino-Korean word from 聖, from the Middle Korean reading 셔ᇰ〯 (Yale: syěng).

성 베드로


imam

From Malay imam, from Arabic إمام (ʔimām, “leader, imam”).


oblate

From French oblat and its source, post-classical Latin oblātus (“person dedicated to religious life”), a nominal use of the past participle of offerō (“I offer”).

der

(Roman Catholicism) A person dedicated to a life of religion or monasticism, especially a member of an order without religious vows or a lay member of a religious community.


lavabo

LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-lavabo.wav

From the Christian ritual, which was traditionally accompanied in Catholicism by a recitation of Psalm 25:6 (Psalm 26:6, in the Hebrew and in most modern translations) which in Latin begins with the word lavābō (“I will wash”). The sense of "room with a toilet" developed under the influence of lavatory and lav.

(Christianity) A ritual involving the washing of one's hands at a church's offertory before handling the Eucharist.


synod

From Ancient Greek σύνοδος (súnodos, “assembly, meeting”) – from σύν (sún, “with”) (English syn-) + ὁδός (hodós, “way, path”).
Compare also with the term סַנְהֶדְרִין (“sunédrion”) common throughout Hebrew Talmudic literature.

bor

(Christianity) An administrative division of churches, either the entire denomination, as in the Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod, or a mid-level division (middle judicatory, district) as in the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America


synod

synod (nominative singular)
synody (nominative plural)
synodu (genitive singular)
synodów (genitive plural)
synodowi (dative singular)
synodom (dative plural)
synod (accusative singular)
synody (accusative plural)
synodem (instrumental singular)
synodami (instrumental plural)
synodzie (locative singular)
synodach (locative plural)
synodzie (singular vocative)
synody (plural vocative)

Borrowed from French synode, from Ecclesiastical Latin synodus, from Ancient Greek σύνοδος (súnodos).

(Eastern Orthodoxy, Protestantism, Roman Catholicism) synod (ecclesiastic council or meeting)


romano

pt-adj

romano (feminine romana, masculine plural romanos, feminine plural romanas)

romana (feminine)
romanos (masculine plural)
romanas (feminine plural)

Learned borrowing from Latin rōmānus (“Roman”), from Rōma (“Rome”), corresponding to Roma + -ano. Doublet of romão and romeno.

lbor

(religion, sometimes derogatory) Roman (relating to the Roman Catholic Church)


nave

Inherited from Old Spanish naf, naue, from Latin nāvem, nāvis, from Proto-Indo-European *néh₂us. Cognate with English nave, navigate, and navy.

craft, spaceship, spacecraft (ellipsis of nave espacial), starship (ellipsis of nave estelar)


dispensation

en-noun

dispensation (countable and uncountable, plural dispensations)

From Old French despensacion, from Latin dispensātiō.

تَحِلَّة

[H]e had a dispensation for conforming in outward observances to the Protestant faith.

1822, [Walter Scott], chapter I, in Peveril of the Peak. […], volume I, Edinburgh: […] Archibald Constable and Co.; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co., →OCLC, pages 5–6:

Why, there has gone already to Rome a messenger to crave a second dispensation from his Popeship, and the King himself hath signed the request, praying that you and I should graciously be permitted to wed!

1905, Samuel Rutherford Crockett, May Margaret: called "the fair maid of Galloway," - Page 184:

The relaxation of a law in a particular case; permission to do something forbidden, or to omit doing something enjoined; exemption.

(Catholicism) In the Roman Catholic Church, an exemption from some ecclesiastical law, or from an obligation to God which a person has incurred of his own free will (oaths, vows, etc.).


elevation

elevation (countable and uncountable, plural elevations)

/ˌɛlɪˈveɪʃən/

From Old French elevation, from Latin elevatio, equal to elevate + -ion.

(Christianity, chiefly Roman Catholicism) The raising of the host—representing Christ’s body—in a mass or Holy Communion service.


excommunication

excommunication (countable and uncountable, plural excommunications)

From the Late Latin excommūnicātiō. Displaced native Old English āmǣnsumung.

The act of excommunicating, disfellowshipping or ejecting; especially an ecclesiastical censure whereby the person against whom it is pronounced is, for the time, cast out of the communication of the church; exclusion from fellowship in things spiritual.

отлъ́чване

от цъ́рквата


Marian

A variant of Marion, a medieval derivation of Mary, often also interpreted as a contraction of Mary and Ann, or as a variant of Mariana.

There's no more faith in thee than in a steward prune, nor no more truth in thee than in a drawn fox; and for womanhood, Maid Marian may be the deputy's wife of the ward to thee.


immaculate

en-adj

immaculate (comparative more immaculate, superlative most immaculate)

more immaculate (comparative)
most immaculate (superlative)

Giovanni Battista Tiepolo
Museo del Prado

From Late Middle English immaculat, immaculate (“blameless; flawless, spotless; specifically of the Virgin Mary: pure, undefiled”), borrowed from Latin immaculātus (“unstained”), from im- (negative prefix) + maculātus (“stained, spotted; defiled, polluted; (figurative) dishonoured”), the perfect passive participle of maculō (“to spot, stain; to defile, pollute; (figurative) to dishonour”), from macula (“a blemish, spot, stain; (figurative) blot on one’s character, fault”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *smh₂-tló-m (“wiping (?)”), from *smeh₁- (“to rub; to smear”). The word displaced Middle English unwemmed (“pure, untainted”). See also -ate (adjective-forming suffix).
cognates
* Catalan immaculat
* Italian immacolato, immaculato (obsolete)
* Middle French immaculé (modern French immaculé)
* Portuguese imaculado
* Spanish inmaculado

ref

From the collection of the Museo del Prado in Madrid, Spain.

perfek

containing no mistakes — see also flawless

(Roman Catholicism) Of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled.

onbevlekte

of the Virgin Mary or her womb: pure, undefiled — see also undefiled


archimandrite

/ˌɑːkɪˈmændɹaɪt/

Borrowed from French archimandrite, from Latin archimandrīta, from late Ancient Greek ἀρχιμανδρίτης (arkhimandrítēs), from ἀρχι- (arkhi-, “highest”) + μάνδρα (mándra, “enclosure, cloister, monastery”) + -ῑ́της (-ī́tēs, “member of”).

uder

ἀρχιμανδρίτης

(Eastern Orthodoxy, rarely Catholicism) An honorary title sometimes given to a monastic priest.


papist

en-adj

papist (comparative more papist, superlative most papist)

more papist (comparative)
most papist (superlative)

From Middle French papiste, from Latin pāpa (“pope”).

However, Menem promptly surprised many observers (and most of his voters) by forming an alliance with Alsogaray, and becoming more papist than the Pope in economic orthodoxy.

2011, Jill Hedges, Argentina: A Modern History:

(religious slur, Christianity) Roman Catholic.


vicar

→ Welsh: ficer

From Middle English vicar, viker, vikyr, vicaire, vicare, a borrowing from Anglo-Norman vikare, vicare, vikaire, vikere and Old French vicaire (“deputy, second in command”), from Latin vicārius (“vicarious, substitute”).

der

Near-synonyms: proxy, representative, agent

A person acting on behalf of, or representing, another person.


fara

szl-noun

fara f (diminutive farka, related adjective farski or farny)

farka (diminutive)
farski (adjective)
farny (adjective)
fara (nominative singular)
fary (nominative plural)
fary (genitive singular)
farōw (genitive plural)
farze (dative singular)
farōm (dative plural)
farã (accusative singular)
fary (accusative plural)
farōm (instrumental singular)
farami (instrumental plural)
farōma (instrumental plural)
farze (locative singular)
farach (locative plural)
faro (singular vocative)
fary (plural vocative)

Borrowed from German Pfarre. Compare Polish fara.

(Christianity) rectory, presbytery (residence of Roman Catholic priest(s) associated with a parish church)


discipline

en-noun

discipline (countable and uncountable, plural disciplines)

spontaneity

antonym(s) of “controlled behaviour et al.”

From Middle English [Term?], from Anglo-Norman, from Old French descipline, from Latin disciplina (“instruction”), from discipulus (“pupil”), influenced by disco (“to learn”), from Proto-Indo-European *dek- (“(cause to) accept”).

فَرْع مِنَ الْمَعْرِفَة

specific branch or knowledge or learning

All she had done was give Teena a cilice, a barbed metal chain she was to tie around her thigh for two hours every day, and a discipline, a rope whip with knotted ends she was to use on her back when she prayed the Hail Mary.

2024 March 16, Antonia Cundy, “The Opus Dei diaries”, in FT Weekend, page 18:

A punishment to train or maintain control.

(Catholicism) A whip used for self-flagellation.

piiska

Catholicism: whip used for self-flagellation


canonic

en-adj

canonic (comparative more canonic, superlative most canonic)

more canonic (comparative)
most canonic (superlative)


mystery

en-noun

mystery (countable and uncountable, plural mysteries)

From Middle English mysterie, from Anglo-Norman misterie (Old French mistere), from Latin mysterium, from Ancient Greek μυστήριον (mustḗrion, “a mystery, a secret, a secret rite”), from μύστης (mústēs, “initiated one”), from μυέω (muéō, “I initiate”), from μύω (múō, “I shut”). Displaced native Old English ġerȳne.

der

The second decade of the Rosary concerns the Sorrowful mysteries, such as the crucifixion and the crowning with thorns.

(Catholicism) A particular event or series of events in the life of Christ.

мисте́рия

an event in the life of Jesus used as a focus for devotions


mis

From Dutch mis, from Middle Dutch misse, from Latin missa.


canonical

en-adj

canonical (comparative more canonical, superlative most canonical)

more canonical (comparative)
most canonical (superlative)


archpriest

From Middle English archepreest, archeprest, archiprest, ercheprest, erchepreste; compare Old French archeprestre and Medieval Latin archipresbyter; equivalent to arch- + priest.

(Eastern Orthodox Church) The highest rank given to a married priest.

(Roman Catholicism) An honorific title applied to a priest who has a specific function.


tertiary

English numerals#Ordinal numbers
Lay Carmelites
Peterhouse, Cambridge
Saint-Étienne Cathedral
University of Cambridge

PIE word
 *tréyes
Borrowed from the Latin tertiārius (“of the third part or rank”), from tertius (“third”) (from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥tyós, whence English third) + -ārius (whence the English suffix -ary); compare the French tertiaire.

bor

Tertiaries living in places where there is no Church of the Order or of the Third Order can gain all the indulgences they would gain visiting such a church, by visiting their respective parish church, or, where there is no parochial church, by visiting another church or public oratory, and fulfilling the other conditions.

1952, Dominican Tertiaries’ Manual: For the Daily Use of Private and Fraternity Tertiaries of the Third Order of St. Dominic, 1st rev. edition, New York, N.Y.: Third Order of St. Dominic, published 1954, →OCLC, page 362:

Immediately after her arrival in Ferrara, while she was still striving to secure the foundation of her exemplary reformed community of Dominican tertiaries, [Lucia] Brocadelli also renewed her attempts to enhance [Girolamo] Savonarola's saintly reputation.

2008, Tamar Herzig, “The Power of Visions: Lucia Brocadelli and Osanna Andreasi”, in Savonarola’s Women: Visions and Reform in Renaissance Italy, Chicago, Ill.; London: University of Chicago Press; large print edition, Richmond, B.C.: ReadHowYouWant.com Ltd., 2010, page 146

(Roman Catholicism) A member of a Roman Catholic third order; a layperson who participates in activities similar to those engaged in by men and women who take religious vows (respectively the first and second orders), and who may wear some elements of an order's habit such as a scapular.

terziario

Roman Catholicism: member of a third order


Simon

[ʂɪj˧˧ mɔŋ˧˧]

[sɪj˧˧ mɔŋ˧˧]

[ʂɪj˧˧ mɔŋ˧˧]

[sɪj˧˧ mɔŋ˧˧]

From Latin Simon. Cognate with English Simon.


jug

Probably from Latin jugum (“yoke, tether”). A folk etymology claims that it is an acronym for "justice under God" or "judgment under God". https://www.ignatius.edu/news/september-2017/jug-em-with-a-jugumhttps://catholicphilly.com/2021/10/news/local-news/local-priest-moves-closer-to-sainthood/

“Take a week’s Jug,” he said, “and keep your nose clean.”

1970, Kenneth H. Brown, The Narrows, New York City: The Deal Press, via Google Books:

I had another role that earned me almost no appreciation at all: I served as the master after classes in the JUG room, where students appeared when they received detention.

2017 June 12, Stephen, N., S.J. Katsouros, Come To Believe: How the Jesuits are Reinventing Education (Again), Maryknoll, New York: Orbis Books, via Google Books, →ISBN, page 27:

In days gone by jugs included the memorization of Shakespeare or the writing out of some well-known document like the Constitution.

2017 September 14, Tom Healey, “Jug 'Em with a Jugum”, in Lessons from Loyola Hall, Cleveland: Saint Ignatius High School, retrieved 2021-11-24:

A common infraction that landed pupils in jug was getting caught using a stairwell that was reserved for use by faculty and other adults.

2018 October 16, Ted Slowik, “Slowik: Reunion reveals changes to high school, people and places in 35 years”, in Chicago Tribune, retrieved 2021-11-24:

In addition to JUGs and disciplinary lectures, spats and hacks, paddles used to smack misbehaving students, often went with receiving a JUG.

2020 March 8, Steele Clevenger, “A Look Back at JUGs”, in The Jesuit Chronicle, Beaverton, Oregon: Jesuit High School, retrieved 2021-11-24:

(US, Roman Catholicism, countable or uncountable) detention (after-school student punishment)


jug

en-verb

jug (third-person singular simple present jugs, present participle jugging, simple past and past participle jugged)

jugs (present singular third-person)
jugging (participle present)
jugged (participle past)
jugged (past)

Students would say they “got JUGged,” meaning they’d been disciplined by a teacher. Most of the time punishment entailed memorizing a passage of a text or an obscure snatch of poetry.

2007 June 19, Julia Flynn Siler, The House of Mondavi: The Rise and Fall of an American Wine Dynasty, New York City: Penguin Group, →ISBN, page 60:

The first time I met Ben was in after-school detention. He’d been jugged for faking his mom’s signature, and I was serving for clapping erasers in the hallway.

2009, Anthony Varallo, This Day in History, Iowa City, Iowa: University of Iowa Press, via Google Books, →ISBN, page 6:

(US, Roman Catholicism, transitive) to issue a detention (to a student)


indulgence

en-noun

indulgence (countable and uncountable, plural indulgences)

From Middle English indulgence, indulgens, from Middle French indulgence and its source, Latin indulgentia.

To understand how indulgences were intended to work depends on linking together a number of assumptions about sin and the afterlife, each of which individually makes considerable sense.

2009, Diarmaid MacCulloch, A History of Christianity, Penguin, published 2010, page 555:

(Roman Catholicism) A pardon or release from the expectation of punishment in purgatory, after the sinner has been granted absolution.


indulgence

en-verb

indulgence (third-person singular simple present indulgences, present participle indulgencing, simple past and past participle indulgenced)

indulgences (present singular third-person)
indulgencing (participle present)
indulgenced (participle past)
indulgenced (past)

(transitive, Roman Catholicism) to provide with an indulgence


parish

From Middle English parisshe, from Old French paroisse (compare the obsolete variant paroch, from Anglo-Norman paroche, parosse), from Late Latin parochia, from Ancient Greek παροικία (paroikía, “a dwelling abroad”).

der

With some of it on the south and more of it on the north of the great main thoroughfare that connects Aldgate and the East India Docks, St. Bede's at this period of its history was perhaps the poorest and most miserable parish in the East End of London.

1918, W[illiam] B[abington] Maxwell, chapter VII, in The Mirror and the Lamp, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

(Anglicanism, Eastern Orthodoxy, Lutheranism, Roman Catholicism) An administrative part of a diocese that has its own church.

Anglicanism; Eastern Orthodoxy; Anglicanism; Eastern Orthodoxy

In some countries, an administrative subdivision of an area.

An administrative subdivision in the U.S. state of Louisiana that is equivalent to a county in other U.S. states.


palla

id-noun

palla (plural palla-palla, first-person possessive pallaku, second-person possessive pallamu, third-person possessive pallanya)

palla-palla (plural)
pallaku (first-person possessive)
pallamu (possessive second-person)
pallanya (possessive third-person)

Borrowed from Italian palla , from Latin palla, of uncertain origin.

(Catholicism) a cloth used to cover a chalice during services.


palla

Perhaps an extension in sense of the above lemma.

(Catholicism) a cloth used to cover a chalice during services


lectionary

(Christianity, Judaism) A book or listing that contains a collection of scripture readings appointed for Christian or Jewish worship on a given day or occasion.


Latinize

en-verb

Latinize (third-person singular simple present Latinizes, present participle Latinizing, simple past and past participle Latinized)

Latinizes (present singular third-person)
Latinizing (participle present)
Latinized (participle past)
Latinized (past)

to Latinize the Church of England

(transitive) To make like the Roman Catholic Church or diffuse its ideas in.


viaticum

From Latin viāticum (“travelling-money, provisions for a journey”), from viāticus (“of a road or journey”), from via (“road”). Doublet of voyage.

der

[…]from Anglo-Saxon times there had been a deep conviction that to receive the viaticum was a virtual death sentence which would make subsequent recovery impossible.

1971, Keith Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic (nonfiction), Folio Society; republished as Religion and the Decline of Magic: Studies in Popular Beliefs in Sixteenth and Seventeenth-Century England, Penguin Books, 2003, →ISBN, page 37:

(especially Catholicism) The Eucharist, when given to a person who is dying or one in danger of death.


confessio

la-noun

cōnfessiō f (genitive cōnfessiōnis); third declension

cōnfessiō (canonical feminine)
cōnfessiōnis (genitive)
cōnfessiō (nominative singular)
cōnfessiōnēs (nominative plural)
cōnfessiōnis (genitive singular)
cōnfessiōnum (genitive plural)
cōnfessiōnī (dative singular)
cōnfessiōnibus (dative plural)
cōnfessiōnem (accusative singular)
cōnfessiōnēs (accusative plural)
cōnfessiōne (ablative singular)
cōnfessiōnibus (ablative plural)
cōnfessiō (singular vocative)
cōnfessiōnēs (plural vocative)

→ Catalan: confessió

→ English: confessio

→ Galician: confesión

→ Italian: confessione

→ Occitan: confession

desctree

→ Old French: confession
French: confession
→ German: Konfession
→ Romanian: confesiune
→ Middle English: confessioun, confession, confessyon, confessyone, confessyown
English: confession

→ Old Irish: cobais

→ Portuguese: confissão

→ Russian: конфе́ссия (konféssija)

→ Spanish: confesión

→ Welsh: cyffes

[kõːˈfɛs̠ːioː]

From cōnfiteor (“to confess, to acknowledge”) + -tiō.

suf

(Ecclesiastical Latin) creed or avowal of one's faith

(Ecclesiastical Latin) confession (disclosure of one's sins to a priest in order to receive absolution from God)


Anointing of the Sick

A Catholic sacrament in which a priest anoints a sick or dying person with oil and prays for his salvation.


camerlengo

Borrowed from Italian camerlengo (“chamberlain”). Doublet of chamberlain.

bor+

Benedict will also stop using the so-called fisherman’s ring to seal documents. It will be destroyed by the cardinal camerlengo, the acting head of state of Vatican City during the “sede vacante,” the canon law term used when the papacy is vacant.

2013 February 26, Gaia Pianigiani, Elisabetta Povoledo, “Benedict XVI to Be Known as Emeritus in Retirement”, in New York Times:

The cardinal who administers the Roman Catholic Church in the interregnum between Popes.


camerlengo

(Roman Catholicism) camerlengo (cardinal who presides over the Apostolic Chamber and, in a pontifical interregnum, is responsible for governing the Church in the administrative field)


oration

Borrowed from Latin ōrātiō, ōrātiōnem, from ōrō (“I orate”) + -ātiō (“action (nominalizer)”). Cognate with and doublet of orison.

(Catholicism) A specific form of short, solemn prayer said by the president of the liturgical celebration on behalf of the people.


forma

pl-noun

forma f (diminutive foremka, related adjective formowy)

foremka (diminutive)
formowy (adjective)
forma (nominative singular)
formy (nominative plural)
formy (genitive singular)
form (genitive plural)
formie (dative singular)
formom (dative plural)
formę (accusative singular)
formy (accusative plural)
formą (instrumental singular)
formami (instrumental plural)
formie (locative singular)
formach (locative plural)
formo (singular vocative)
formy (plural vocative)

→ Kashubian: fòrma

(obsolete, Roman Catholicism) choirstall


oratory

From Middle English oratorie, from Anglo-Norman oratorie, Middle French oratoire, and their source, Late Latin ōrātōrium. Doublet of oratorio.

/ˈɒɹət(ə)ɹi/

By public oratories are meant those attached to monasteries, convents, seminaries, etc., having a public entrance by which the faithful have access to them.

1876, Michael Comerford, The Book of Holy Indulgences […] , page 29:

A Roman Catholic chapel; a building for public or private worship that is not a parish church.

They had been given the old Oscott College premises as a temporary home, but were content there until Oratories could be established in the cities. St Philip Neri had specifically intended that the Oratory should be a city-based form of communal and missionary life.

2006, Judith F. Champ, William Bernard Ullathorne, 1806–1889: A Different Kind of Monk, →ISBN, page 168:

(specifically) A Catholic church belonging to the Oratory of Saint Philip Neri.


oratory

Borrowed from Latin ōrātōria, from the feminine of ōrātōrius (“oratorial”).

/ˈɒɹət(ə)ɹi/

Rising from humble farmhand to community organizer to a leader of the national Fatah party, Mr. Barghouti became known for his soaring oratory and common touch.

2024, Taylor Luck and Fatima AbdulKarim, Palestinian Mandela? Marwan Barghouti, imprisoned preacher of unity., in: The Christian Science Monitor, April 1 2024

Eloquence; the quality of artistry and persuasiveness in speech or writing.


patron saint

When Aimé Humbert joined Josephine in Paris, he visited the Inspector of Police, and was so depressed by his meeting that she sent him to the Louvre ‘to look at the wonderful painting of St Marguerite, the patron saint of purity, trampling down the hideous dragon and looking so calm and peaceful’.

2014, Helen Mathers, Patron Saint of Prostitutes: Josephine Butler and a Victorian Scandal, History Press, →ISBN:

My patron saint, St. John of Shanghai and San Francisco—also known as “St. John the Wonderworker”—is particularly noteworthy in this regard […]

2016 July 8, Wesley J. Smith, “St. John the Wonderworker”, in First Things:

Entering the tunnel, we pass a small shrine above our heads which contains a statue of St Barbara, the patron saint of tunnellers. It is traditional to have such shrines on every tunnel site.

2022 March 23, Paul Bigland, “HS2 is just 'passing through'”, in RAIL, number 953, page 41:

(Christianity) A saint conceived as the patron (protector or supporter) of a particular place, group, person, or activity, for whom or for which his or her intercession is specially invoked.

主保聖人

saint from whom a specific group claims special protection or prayer


Opus Dei

(Christianity) The Prelature of the Holy Cross and Opus Dei, a Roman Catholic organization composed of a prelate, secular clergy and lay people, whose mission is to spread the Catholic teaching that everyone is called to become a saint; its lay members, men and women, engage in the affairs of the world and seek to direct them "according to God's will".


convent

From Middle English convent, variant of covent, from Old French covent, from Latin conventus, perfect participle of the verb convenio (whence ultimately convene), see con- + venio. Doublet of coven.

(now especially) Synonym of nunnery, a female religious community and its residence.


syllabus

syllabus (nominative singular)
syllabusy (nominative plural)
syllabusa (genitive singular)
syllabusów (genitive plural)
syllabusowi (dative singular)
syllabusom (dative plural)
syllabus (accusative singular)
syllabusy (accusative plural)
syllabusem (instrumental singular)
syllabusami (instrumental plural)
syllabusie (locative singular)
syllabusach (locative plural)
syllabusie (singular vocative)
syllabusy (plural vocative)

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin syllabus, from Ancient Greek σιττύβα (sittúba). Sense 2 is a semantic loan from English syllabus.

sl

(Roman Catholicism) syllabus (summary of points decided by Roman Catholic papal decree regarding heretical doctrines or practices)


supernumerary

From Late Latin supernumerarius (“extra soldier added to a legion; supernumerary”), from super (“above; beyond”) + numerus (“number; collection, quantity”) + -ārius (suffix forming adjectives from nouns or numerals). The word is analysable as super- + numeral + -ary.

refn

From Joseph C. Hughes (1897 September) “Supernumerary Finger Growing from First Metacarpal Bone”, in James Moores Ball, editor, Tri-State Medical Journal and Practitioner, volume IV, number 9, St. Louis, Mo.: [s.n.] 3509 Franklin Avenue, →OCLC, figure 2, page 436.

bor

“Supernumeraries”, the bulk of Opus Dei members, can marry and live in their own homes, with slightly fewer spiritual obligations.

2024 March 16, Antonia Cundy, “The Opus Dei diaries”, in FT Weekend, page 17:

(Roman Catholicism) A married man or woman who is a secular member of Opus Dei, a Roman Catholic religious institution.