beer

en-noun

beer (countable and uncountable, plural beers)

Tok Pisin: bia

→ Alabama: biya

→ Bengali: বিয়ার (biẏar)

→ Burmese: ဘီယာ (bhiya)

⇒ Chinese: 啤酒 (píjiǔ)

→ Hausa: biya

→ Hawaiian: bia

→ Hindi: बियर (biyar)

→ Khmer: បៀរ (biə)

→ Maori: pia

→ Swahili: bia

→ Tagalog: bir

→ Telugu: బీరు (bīru)

→ Thai: เบียร์ (biia)

→ Zulu: ubhiya

A Dictionary of the English Language
Oxford English Dictionary
Samuel Johnson
beer

From Middle English bere, from Old English bēor (“beer”) (Oxford OED notes: "rare, except in poetry"), from Proto-West Germanic *beuʀ, from Proto-Germanic *beuzą (“beer”) (putatively from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeusóm), meaning “brewer's yeast”.
However, also see the "beer" entry on OED (q.v.), which links a connection to monastic Vulgar Latin *biber (“a drink, beverage”), from Latin bibere (“to drink”). Samuel Johnson in his famous 18th-century A Dictionary of the English Language guessed it was from (unattested) Welsh *bîr; he distinguished it in his time from ale — the ancient usual word — by beer being older-aged and/or smaller.
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Bjoor, West Frisian bier, German Low German Beer, Dutch bier, German Bier, Icelandic bjór (“beer”).

der

(uncountable) A solution produced by steeping plant materials in water or another fluid.


wine

A variant of wind with simplification of the final consonant cluster; for the vowel quality, compare find, mind, rind.

Vor voices rawze upon tha wine

1850, James Orchard Halliwell, A Dictionary of Archaic and Provincial Words, Obsolete Phrases, Proverbs, and Ancient Customs, from the Fourteenth Century:

Aw how sholl I tell o’m—vor âll pirty maidens / When I pass’d ’em look’d back—ther smill rawze on tha wine.

1869, James Jennings, The Dialect of the West of England, particularly Somersetshire:


bir

From Middle High German bier, from Old High German bior, from Proto-West Germanic *beuʀ, from Proto-Germanic *beuzą (“beer”). Cognate with German Bier, English beer. Doublet of bira.


brewer

From Middle English brewere; cognate with Dutch brouwer, Swedish bryggare.

But through the oligopoly, charcoal fuel proliferated throughout London's trades and industries. By the 1200s, brewers and bakers, tilemakers, glassblowers, pottery producers, and a range of other craftsmen all became hour-to-hour consumers of charcoal.

2006, Edwin Black, chapter 2, in Internal Combustion:

Someone who brews, or whose occupation is to prepare malt liquors.


zymurgy

This refinement led to [Eduard] Buchner's receipt of the 1907 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for advancements in zymurgy.

2010, “Fermentation”, in Rachel Black, editor, Alcohol in Popular Culture: An Encyclopedia, Bloomsbury, →ISBN:

The chemistry of fermentation with yeasts, especially the science involved in beer and winemaking.


wort

en-noun

wort (countable and uncountable, plural worts)

From Middle English wort, worte (“infusion of grain (probably malted barley) for brewing ale or beer; unfermented or incompletely fermented beer; infusion of honey and water for making mead; unfermented decoction or infusion of other substances used for food or medicine”) [and other forms], from Old English wurt, wyrt, wyrte (“wort in brewing”), from a merger of Proto-West Germanic *wurtiju (“wort in brewing; seasoning, spice”) and *wurti (“root; spice”), both ultimately from Proto-Germanic *wrōts (“a root”): see further at etymology 1.
cognates
* Dutch wort (“wort in brewing”)
* Middle Low German wert, werte (“infusion of malt in brewing; unfermented beer”)
* Old High German wirz (“infusion of malt in brewing; unfermented beer”) (Middle High German wirz, modern German Wirz (“juice; sweet liquid; unfermented beer”) (obsolete); see also German Würze (“aroma; seasoning, spice; spiciness”))
* Old Norse virtr (Danish urt (“wort in brewing”), Icelandic virt, virtur, Norwegian vørter, Swedish vört)

nb...

wirt, woort, worth, worthe, wortte, wourt, wrt, wurt, wurte

cog

Nay then tvvo treyes, an if you grovv ſo nice, / Methegline, VVort, and Malmſey; […]

c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Loues Labour’s Lost”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene ii], page 138, column 2:

VVhen they make drink vvith them, they take 10 or 12 ripe Plantains and maſh them vvell in a Trough: then they put tvvo gallons of VVater among them; and this in tvvo hours time vvill ferment and froth like VVort: In four hours it is fit to drink; and then they bottle it and drink it as they have occaſion: […]

1697, William Dampier, chapter XI, in A New Voyage Round the World. […], London: […] James Knapton, […], →OCLC, page 314:

Making the wort with nothing but barley malt and hot water is the standard method in Germany, and in many U.S. microbreweries.

2004, Harold McGee, “Wine, Beer, and Distilled Spirits”, in On Food and Cooking: The Science and Lore of the Kitchen, revised edition, New York, N.Y., London: Scribner, →ISBN, page 747:

They discovered what are called "wild" or "spontaneously fermented" beers, in which fermentation is induced not by pitching commercially produced yeast into an enclosed tank, but by letting the wild yeasts floating in the air interact with the wort to turn it into alcohol.

2017, Jon C. Stott, “The Birds and the Yeasts in Tillamook”, in Beer 101 North: Craft Breweries and Brewpubs of the Washington and Oregon Coasts, Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland & Company, →ISBN, page 110:

(brewing, distilling) Also worts: a liquid extracted from mash (ground malt or some other grain soaked in hot water), which is then fermented to make beer, or fermented and distilled to make a malt liquor such as whisky.


bier

From Dutch bier, from Middle Dutch bier, from Old Dutch bier, from Proto-West Germanic *beuʀ (“beer”).


fermentation

en-noun

fermentation (countable and uncountable, plural fermentations)

From Middle English fermentacioun, from Latin fermentātiō, fermentātiōnem.

(biochemistry) Any of many anaerobic biochemical reactions in which an enzyme (or several enzymes produced by a microorganism) catalyses the conversion of one substance into another; especially the conversion (using yeast) of sugars to alcohol or acetic acid with the evolution of carbon dioxide


wi

From Middle High German wīn, from Old High German wīn, from Proto-West Germanic *wīn, from Latin vīnum.

(Gressoney, Carcoforo, Rimella and Campello Monti) wine


Bier

From Middle High German bier, from Old High German bior, from Proto-West Germanic *beuʀ, from Proto-Germanic *beuzą (“beer”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰews- (“dross, sediment, brewer's yeast”).
Cognate with German Bier, Dutch bier, English beer, Icelandic bjór. More at beer.


bain

From Middle High German wīn, from Old High German wīn, from Proto-West Germanic *wīn, from Latin vīnum. Cognate with German Wein, English wine.

Dar bain ist och gamacht mettar baimarn.

The wine is also made with grapes. (Sette Comuni dialect)


biri

Aukan: bii

Saramaccan: bíi

→ Kari'na: biri

Now di Sranan e meki en biri / ala tra biri kan tan tiri

c. 1955, Eddy Vervuurt (lyrics and music), “Lied [Parbo-Mambo]”performed by Orkest Eddy Vervuurt and Big Jones:

Now that Suriname is making its own beer / all other beers can keep quiet


gwin

gwinoù (plural)
gwin (mutation singular unmutated)
win (mutation mutation-soft singular)
kwin (mutation mutation-hard singular)
gwinoù (mutation plural unmutated)
winoù (mutation mutation-soft plural)
kwinoù (mutation mutation-hard plural)

From Proto-Brythonic *gwin, from late Proto-Celtic *wīnom, borrowed from Latin vīnum.


ܚܡܝܥܘܬܐ

ܚܡܝܥܘ (absolute singular uncountable)
ܚܡܝܥܘܬ (construct singular uncountable)
ܚܡܝܥܘܬܐ (emphatic singular uncountable)
ܚܡܝܥܘܬܝ (common-gender first-person possessive singular uncountable)
ܚܡܝܥܘܬܟ (masculine possessive second-person singular uncountable)
ܚܡܝܥܘܬܟܝ (feminine possessive second-person singular uncountable)
ܚܡܝܥܘܬܗ (masculine possessive singular third-person uncountable)
ܚܡܝܥܘܬܗ (feminine possessive singular third-person uncountable)
ܚܡܝܥܘܬܢ (common-gender first-person plural possessive uncountable)
ܚܡܝܥܘܬܟܘܢ (masculine plural possessive second-person uncountable)
ܚܡܝܥܘܬܟܝܢ (feminine plural possessive second-person uncountable)
ܚܡܝܥܘܬܗܘܢ (masculine plural possessive third-person uncountable)
ܚܡܝܥܘܬܗܝܢ (feminine plural possessive third-person uncountable)

From the root ܚ-ܡ-ܥ (ḥ-m-ʿ) related to fermenting.


ܦܙܐ

head

ܦܙܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܦܙܐ)

ܦܙܐ (plural)
ܦܙ (absolute singular)
ܦܙܝܢ (absolute plural)
ܦܙ (construct singular)
ܦܙܝ (construct plural)
ܦܙܐ (emphatic singular)
ܦܙܐ (emphatic plural)
ܦܙܝ (common-gender first-person possessive singular)
ܦܙܟ (masculine possessive second-person singular)
ܦܙܝܟ (masculine possessive second-person singular)
ܦܙܟܝ (feminine possessive second-person singular)
ܦܙܝܟܝ (feminine possessive second-person singular)
ܦܙܗ (masculine possessive singular third-person)
ܦܙܘܗܝ (masculine possessive singular third-person)
ܦܙܗ (feminine possessive singular third-person)
ܦܙܝܗ (feminine possessive singular third-person)
ܦܙܢ (common-gender first-person plural possessive)
ܦܙܝܢ (common-gender first-person plural possessive)
ܦܙܟܘܢ (masculine plural possessive second-person)
ܦܙܝܟܘܢ (masculine plural possessive second-person)
ܦܙܟܝܢ (feminine plural possessive second-person)
ܦܙܝܟܝܢ (feminine plural possessive second-person)
ܦܙܗܘܢ (masculine plural possessive third-person)
ܦܙܝܗܘܢ (masculine plural possessive third-person)
ܦܙܗܝܢ (feminine plural possessive third-person)
ܦܙܝܗܝܢ (feminine plural possessive third-person)


zymurgist

One who studies or practices zymurgy; a knowledgeable brewer.


ܚܡܪܐ

ܚܡܪܐ • (ḥammārā) m (plural ܚܡܪܐ, singular feminine counterpart ܚܡܪܬܐ)

ḥammārā (romanization)
ܚܡܪܐ (plural)
ܚܡܪܬܐ (feminine singular)
ܚܡܪ (absolute singular)
ܚܡܪܝܢ (absolute plural)
ܚܡܪ (construct singular)
ܚܡܪܝ (construct plural)
ܚܡܪܐ (emphatic singular)
ܚܡܪܐ (emphatic plural)
ܚܡܪܝ (common-gender first-person possessive singular)
ܚܡܪܟ (masculine possessive second-person singular)
ܚܡܪܝܟ (masculine possessive second-person singular)
ܚܡܪܟܝ (feminine possessive second-person singular)
ܚܡܪܝܟܝ (feminine possessive second-person singular)
ܚܡܪܗ (masculine possessive singular third-person)
ܚܡܪܘܗܝ (masculine possessive singular third-person)
ܚܡܪܗ (feminine possessive singular third-person)
ܚܡܪܝܗ (feminine possessive singular third-person)
ܚܡܪܢ (common-gender first-person plural possessive)
ܚܡܪܝܢ (common-gender first-person plural possessive)
ܚܡܪܟܘܢ (masculine plural possessive second-person)
ܚܡܪܝܟܘܢ (masculine plural possessive second-person)
ܚܡܪܟܝܢ (feminine plural possessive second-person)
ܚܡܪܝܟܝܢ (feminine plural possessive second-person)
ܚܡܪܗܘܢ (masculine plural possessive third-person)
ܚܡܪܝܗܘܢ (masculine plural possessive third-person)
ܚܡܪܗܝܢ (feminine plural possessive third-person)
ܚܡܪܝܗܝܢ (feminine plural possessive third-person)

Modified from above; compare Arabic خَمَّار (ḵammār).


zymurgic

You can't go a hundred yards without a pick-up point for zymurgic solutions: off-licences, pubs, supermarkets, restaurants. Civilisation is a careful construction for the production and distribution of alcohol.

There are a few Belgian beers which lie outside the designations afforded that beer-rich country's many hefty zymurgic offerings, and that, if sneaked into a barley wine tasting, might stand proud, stylistically speaking.

1998, Fal Allen, Dick Cantwell, Barley wine: history, brewing techniques, recipes:


ܢܙܝܬܐ

ܢܙܝܬܐ • (transliteration needed) f (plural ܢܙܝܬܐ)

ܢܙܝܬܐ (plural)
ܢܙܝ (absolute singular)
ܢܙܝܢ (absolute plural)
ܢܙܝܬ (construct singular)
ܢܙܝܬ (construct plural)
ܢܙܝܬܐ (emphatic singular)
ܢܙܝܬܐ (emphatic plural)
ܢܙܝܬܝ (common-gender first-person possessive singular)
ܢܙܝܬܟ (masculine possessive second-person singular)
ܢܙܝܬܟܝ (feminine possessive second-person singular)
ܢܙܝܬܗ (masculine possessive singular third-person)
ܢܙܝܬܗ (feminine possessive singular third-person)
ܢܙܝܬܢ (common-gender first-person plural possessive)
ܢܙܝܬܟܘܢ (masculine plural possessive second-person)
ܢܙܝܬܟܝܢ (feminine plural possessive second-person)
ܢܙܝܬܗܘܢ (masculine plural possessive third-person)
ܢܙܝܬܗܝܢ (feminine plural possessive third-person)

From Akkadian 𒂁𒃻𒂉𒌋 (DUG.NIG₂.DUR₂.BUR₃ /namzītu/).


Wii

I will de ine cho und ech öppis z'Abed bringe. E chli Wi und Brot.

I'll come in later and bring you something for supper. A little wine and bread.

1978, Rolf Lyssey and Christa Maerker, Die Schweizermacher (transcript)

If he's coming n the morning, I surely can't offer him wine', otherwise he'll think: Aha, an alcoholic…

Wän er am Morge chunt, chan ich äm doch sicher kchai Wii aabüte, sus dänkcht de no: Ah, Alkchoholikcherin…


wéin

From Middle High German wīn, from Old High German wīn, from Proto-West Germanic *wīn.


جعة

ar-noun

جِعَة • (jiʕa) f (plural جِعَات (jiʕāt))

جِعَة (canonical)
jiʕa (romanization)
جِعَات (plural)
جِعَة (ar-infl-a indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْجِعَة (ar-infl-a definite informal singular triptote)
جِعَة (ar-infl-a construct informal singular triptote)
جِعَةٌ (ar-infl-a indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْجِعَةُ (ar-infl-a definite nominative singular triptote)
جِعَةُ (ar-infl-a construct nominative singular triptote)
جِعَةً (accusative ar-infl-a indefinite singular triptote)
الْجِعَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a definite singular triptote)
جِعَةَ (accusative ar-infl-a construct singular triptote)
جِعَةٍ (ar-infl-a genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْجِعَةِ (ar-infl-a definite genitive singular triptote)
جِعَةِ (ar-infl-a construct genitive singular triptote)
جِعَتَيْن (ar-infl-a dual indefinite informal singular triptote)
الْجِعَتَيْن (ar-infl-a definite dual informal singular triptote)
جِعَتَيْ (ar-infl-a construct dual informal singular triptote)
جِعَتَانِ (ar-infl-a dual indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الْجِعَتَانِ (ar-infl-a definite dual nominative singular triptote)
جِعَتَا (ar-infl-a construct dual nominative singular triptote)
جِعَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a dual indefinite singular triptote)
الْجِعَتَيْنِ (accusative ar-infl-a definite dual singular triptote)
جِعَتَيْ (accusative ar-infl-a construct dual singular triptote)
جِعَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a dual genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الْجِعَتَيْنِ (ar-infl-a definite dual genitive singular triptote)
جِعَتَيْ (ar-infl-a construct dual genitive singular triptote)
جِعَات (feminine indefinite informal plural sound-form)
الْجِعَات (definite feminine informal plural sound-form)
جِعَات (construct feminine informal plural sound-form)
جِعَاتٌ (feminine indefinite nominative plural sound-form)
الْجِعَاتُ (definite feminine nominative plural sound-form)
جِعَاتُ (construct feminine nominative plural sound-form)
جِعَاتٍ (accusative feminine indefinite plural sound-form)
الْجِعَاتِ (accusative definite feminine plural sound-form)
جِعَاتِ (accusative construct feminine plural sound-form)
جِعَاتٍ (feminine genitive indefinite plural sound-form)
الْجِعَاتِ (definite feminine genitive plural sound-form)
جِعَاتِ (construct feminine genitive plural sound-form)

A connection to the root و ج ع (w-j-ʕ) (related to aches), is unlikely, as it does not conform well semantically—though theoretically alcohol causes headaches, this cannot well be imagined to be the motive. In the Qāmūs, it is listed under the root formula ج ع و (j-ʕ-w)—under which other dictionaries also list an obscure جَعَا (jaʕā, “to collect in a heap, e.g. dung”) and an unknown colour term جُعْوَة (juʕwa, “bay colour of a horse’s fur; rough and dark ground”)—, and defined as a نَبِيذ (nabīḏ, “wine”) made of barley. Given the late date of unambiguous attestation, it may well be a borrowing from Hausa gíyā̀ (“beer, a cold brew of barley”), famed as an indigenous beverage.


fermentacja

fermentacja (nominative singular)
fermentacji (genitive singular)
fermentacji (dative singular)
fermentację (accusative singular)
fermentacją (instrumental singular)
fermentacji (locative singular)
fermentacjo (singular vocative)

Learned borrowing from Latin fermentātiō.


meriisa

→ English: merisa

From Sudanese Arabic مريسة (marīsa). Compare Chadian Arabic مريسة (marīse).

merisa (a traditional fermented beverage popular in South Sudan)


مريسة

Juba Arabic: meriisa

→ English: merisa

Cognate with Chadian Arabic مريسة (marīse).


merisa

From Juba Arabic meriisa, from Sudanese Arabic مريسة (marīsa).

Many of the Sudan women earned cash by making the local merisa beer, weaving mats and rugs and tanning skins for sale in the local markets.

1975, United Nations. Economic Commission for Africa, Employment of Women in the Sudan: Paper:

a form of millet beer popular in South Sudan