polabi

polabi (nominative singular)
polabit (nominative plural)
polabi (accusative nominative singular)
polabit (accusative nominative plural)
polabin (accusative genitive singular)
polabit (accusative genitive plural)
polabin (genitive singular)
polabien (genitive plural)
polabia (partitive singular)
polabeja (partitive plural)
polabissa (inessive singular)
polabeissa (inessive plural)
polabista (elative singular)
polabeista (elative plural)
polabiin (illative singular)
polabeihin (illative plural)
polabilla (adessive singular)
polabeilla (adessive plural)
polabilta (ablative singular)
polabeilta (ablative plural)
polabille (allative singular)
polabeille (allative plural)
polabina (essive singular)
polabeina (essive plural)
polabiksi (singular translative)
polabeiksi (plural translative)
polabitta (abessive singular)
polabeitta (abessive plural)
polabein (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
polabini (nominative singular)
polabini (nominative plural)
polabini (accusative nominative singular)
polabini (accusative nominative plural)
polabini (accusative genitive singular)
polabini (accusative genitive plural)
polabini (genitive singular)
polabieni (genitive plural)
polabiani (partitive singular)
polabejani (partitive plural)
polabissani (inessive singular)
polabeissani (inessive plural)
polabistani (elative singular)
polabeistani (elative plural)
polabiini (illative singular)
polabeihini (illative plural)
polabillani (adessive singular)
polabeillani (adessive plural)
polabiltani (ablative singular)
polabeiltani (ablative plural)
polabilleni (allative singular)
polabeilleni (allative plural)
polabinani (essive singular)
polabeinani (essive plural)
polabikseni (singular translative)
polabeikseni (plural translative)
polabittani (abessive singular)
polabeittani (abessive plural)
polabeineni (comitative plural)
polabisi (nominative singular)
polabisi (nominative plural)
polabisi (accusative nominative singular)
polabisi (accusative nominative plural)
polabisi (accusative genitive singular)
polabisi (accusative genitive plural)
polabisi (genitive singular)
polabiesi (genitive plural)
polabiasi (partitive singular)
polabejasi (partitive plural)
polabissasi (inessive singular)
polabeissasi (inessive plural)
polabistasi (elative singular)
polabeistasi (elative plural)
polabiisi (illative singular)
polabeihisi (illative plural)
polabillasi (adessive singular)
polabeillasi (adessive plural)
polabiltasi (ablative singular)
polabeiltasi (ablative plural)
polabillesi (allative singular)
polabeillesi (allative plural)
polabinasi (essive singular)
polabeinasi (essive plural)
polabiksesi (singular translative)
polabeiksesi (plural translative)
polabittasi (abessive singular)
polabeittasi (abessive plural)
polabeinesi (comitative plural)
polabimme (nominative singular)
polabimme (nominative plural)
polabimme (accusative nominative singular)
polabimme (accusative nominative plural)
polabimme (accusative genitive singular)
polabimme (accusative genitive plural)
polabimme (genitive singular)
polabiemme (genitive plural)
polabiamme (partitive singular)
polabejamme (partitive plural)
polabissamme (inessive singular)
polabeissamme (inessive plural)
polabistamme (elative singular)
polabeistamme (elative plural)
polabiimme (illative singular)
polabeihimme (illative plural)
polabillamme (adessive singular)
polabeillamme (adessive plural)
polabiltamme (ablative singular)
polabeiltamme (ablative plural)
polabillemme (allative singular)
polabeillemme (allative plural)
polabinamme (essive singular)
polabeinamme (essive plural)
polabiksemme (singular translative)
polabeiksemme (plural translative)
polabittamme (abessive singular)
polabeittamme (abessive plural)
polabeinemme (comitative plural)
polabinne (nominative singular)
polabinne (nominative plural)
polabinne (accusative nominative singular)
polabinne (accusative nominative plural)
polabinne (accusative genitive singular)
polabinne (accusative genitive plural)
polabinne (genitive singular)
polabienne (genitive plural)
polabianne (partitive singular)
polabejanne (partitive plural)
polabissanne (inessive singular)
polabeissanne (inessive plural)
polabistanne (elative singular)
polabeistanne (elative plural)
polabiinne (illative singular)
polabeihinne (illative plural)
polabillanne (adessive singular)
polabeillanne (adessive plural)
polabiltanne (ablative singular)
polabeiltanne (ablative plural)
polabillenne (allative singular)
polabeillenne (allative plural)
polabinanne (essive singular)
polabeinanne (essive plural)
polabiksenne (singular translative)
polabeiksenne (plural translative)
polabittanne (abessive singular)
polabeittanne (abessive plural)
polabeinenne (comitative plural)
polabinsa (nominative singular)
polabinsa (nominative plural)
polabinsa (accusative nominative singular)
polabinsa (accusative nominative plural)
polabinsa (accusative genitive singular)
polabinsa (accusative genitive plural)
polabinsa (genitive singular)
polabiensa (genitive plural)
polabiaan (partitive singular)
polabiansa (partitive singular)
polabejaan (partitive plural)
polabejansa (partitive plural)
polabissaan (inessive singular)
polabissansa (inessive singular)
polabeissaan (inessive plural)
polabeissansa (inessive plural)
polabistaan (elative singular)
polabistansa (elative singular)
polabeistaan (elative plural)
polabeistansa (elative plural)
polabiinsa (illative singular)
polabeihinsa (illative plural)
polabillaan (adessive singular)
polabillansa (adessive singular)
polabeillaan (adessive plural)
polabeillansa (adessive plural)
polabiltaan (ablative singular)
polabiltansa (ablative singular)
polabeiltaan (ablative plural)
polabeiltansa (ablative plural)
polabilleen (allative singular)
polabillensa (allative singular)
polabeilleen (allative plural)
polabeillensa (allative plural)
polabinaan (essive singular)
polabinansa (essive singular)
polabeinaan (essive plural)
polabeinansa (essive plural)
polabikseen (singular translative)
polabiksensa (singular translative)
polabeikseen (plural translative)
polabeiksensa (plural translative)
polabittaan (abessive singular)
polabittansa (abessive singular)
polabeittaan (abessive plural)
polabeittansa (abessive plural)
polabeineen (comitative plural)
polabeinensa (comitative plural)


馬拉話

/maː¹³ laːi̯⁵⁵ waː²²⁻³⁵/

/maː¹³ laːi̯⁵⁵ waː²²⁻³⁵/

1895, Wong Su King, An English and Chinese Dictionary: Compiled from General Miscellaneous Important Terms, Business Letters, Bills, Documents, and the Tariff of Imports and Outports of China, and Bills of Ladings, page 68:

zoeng¹ ni¹ di¹ jik⁶ zyun³ maa⁵ laai¹ waa⁶⁻²

將呢的譯轉嗎孻話

将呢的译转吗𡥧话


馬來話

ㄇㄚˇ ㄌㄞˊ ㄏㄨㄚˋ

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ laɪ̯³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/maː¹³ lɔːi̯²¹ waː²²⁻³⁵/

/ma⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lai²⁴⁻²² ue⁴¹/

/mä²¹⁴⁻²¹ laɪ̯³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/maː¹³ lɔːi̯²¹ waː²²⁻³⁵/

/ma⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ lai²⁴⁻²² ue⁴¹/


Middle Frisian

Language descended from Old Frisian spoken on the North Sea coast of modern Netherlands and Germany from the 16th century until c. 1820.


mingreli

mingreli (nominative singular)
mingrelit (nominative plural)
mingreli (accusative nominative singular)
mingrelit (accusative nominative plural)
mingrelin (accusative genitive singular)
mingrelit (accusative genitive plural)
mingrelin (genitive singular)
mingrelien (genitive plural)
mingreleiden (genitive plural)
mingreleitten (genitive plural)
mingreliä (partitive singular)
mingreleitä (partitive plural)
mingrelejä (partitive plural)
mingrelissä (inessive singular)
mingreleissä (inessive plural)
mingrelistä (elative singular)
mingreleistä (elative plural)
mingreliin (illative singular)
mingreleihin (illative plural)
mingrelillä (adessive singular)
mingreleillä (adessive plural)
mingreliltä (ablative singular)
mingreleiltä (ablative plural)
mingrelille (allative singular)
mingreleille (allative plural)
mingrelinä (essive singular)
mingreleinä (essive plural)
mingreliksi (singular translative)
mingreleiksi (plural translative)
mingrelittä (abessive singular)
mingreleittä (abessive plural)
mingrelein (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
mingrelini (nominative singular)
mingrelini (nominative plural)
mingrelini (accusative nominative singular)
mingrelini (accusative nominative plural)
mingrelini (accusative genitive singular)
mingrelini (accusative genitive plural)
mingrelini (genitive singular)
mingrelieni (genitive plural)
mingreleideni (genitive plural)
mingreleitteni (genitive plural)
mingreliäni (partitive singular)
mingreleitäni (partitive plural)
mingrelejäni (partitive plural)
mingrelissäni (inessive singular)
mingreleissäni (inessive plural)
mingrelistäni (elative singular)
mingreleistäni (elative plural)
mingreliini (illative singular)
mingreleihini (illative plural)
mingrelilläni (adessive singular)
mingreleilläni (adessive plural)
mingreliltäni (ablative singular)
mingreleiltäni (ablative plural)
mingrelilleni (allative singular)
mingreleilleni (allative plural)
mingrelinäni (essive singular)
mingreleinäni (essive plural)
mingrelikseni (singular translative)
mingreleikseni (plural translative)
mingrelittäni (abessive singular)
mingreleittäni (abessive plural)
mingreleineni (comitative plural)
mingrelisi (nominative singular)
mingrelisi (nominative plural)
mingrelisi (accusative nominative singular)
mingrelisi (accusative nominative plural)
mingrelisi (accusative genitive singular)
mingrelisi (accusative genitive plural)
mingrelisi (genitive singular)
mingreliesi (genitive plural)
mingreleidesi (genitive plural)
mingreleittesi (genitive plural)
mingreliäsi (partitive singular)
mingreleitäsi (partitive plural)
mingrelejäsi (partitive plural)
mingrelissäsi (inessive singular)
mingreleissäsi (inessive plural)
mingrelistäsi (elative singular)
mingreleistäsi (elative plural)
mingreliisi (illative singular)
mingreleihisi (illative plural)
mingrelilläsi (adessive singular)
mingreleilläsi (adessive plural)
mingreliltäsi (ablative singular)
mingreleiltäsi (ablative plural)
mingrelillesi (allative singular)
mingreleillesi (allative plural)
mingrelinäsi (essive singular)
mingreleinäsi (essive plural)
mingreliksesi (singular translative)
mingreleiksesi (plural translative)
mingrelittäsi (abessive singular)
mingreleittäsi (abessive plural)
mingreleinesi (comitative plural)
mingrelimme (nominative singular)
mingrelimme (nominative plural)
mingrelimme (accusative nominative singular)
mingrelimme (accusative nominative plural)
mingrelimme (accusative genitive singular)
mingrelimme (accusative genitive plural)
mingrelimme (genitive singular)
mingreliemme (genitive plural)
mingreleidemme (genitive plural)
mingreleittemme (genitive plural)
mingreliämme (partitive singular)
mingreleitämme (partitive plural)
mingrelejämme (partitive plural)
mingrelissämme (inessive singular)
mingreleissämme (inessive plural)
mingrelistämme (elative singular)
mingreleistämme (elative plural)
mingreliimme (illative singular)
mingreleihimme (illative plural)
mingrelillämme (adessive singular)
mingreleillämme (adessive plural)
mingreliltämme (ablative singular)
mingreleiltämme (ablative plural)
mingrelillemme (allative singular)
mingreleillemme (allative plural)
mingrelinämme (essive singular)
mingreleinämme (essive plural)
mingreliksemme (singular translative)
mingreleiksemme (plural translative)
mingrelittämme (abessive singular)
mingreleittämme (abessive plural)
mingreleinemme (comitative plural)
mingrelinne (nominative singular)
mingrelinne (nominative plural)
mingrelinne (accusative nominative singular)
mingrelinne (accusative nominative plural)
mingrelinne (accusative genitive singular)
mingrelinne (accusative genitive plural)
mingrelinne (genitive singular)
mingrelienne (genitive plural)
mingreleidenne (genitive plural)
mingreleittenne (genitive plural)
mingreliänne (partitive singular)
mingreleitänne (partitive plural)
mingrelejänne (partitive plural)
mingrelissänne (inessive singular)
mingreleissänne (inessive plural)
mingrelistänne (elative singular)
mingreleistänne (elative plural)
mingreliinne (illative singular)
mingreleihinne (illative plural)
mingrelillänne (adessive singular)
mingreleillänne (adessive plural)
mingreliltänne (ablative singular)
mingreleiltänne (ablative plural)
mingrelillenne (allative singular)
mingreleillenne (allative plural)
mingrelinänne (essive singular)
mingreleinänne (essive plural)
mingreliksenne (singular translative)
mingreleiksenne (plural translative)
mingrelittänne (abessive singular)
mingreleittänne (abessive plural)
mingreleinenne (comitative plural)
mingrelinsä (nominative singular)
mingrelinsä (nominative plural)
mingrelinsä (accusative nominative singular)
mingrelinsä (accusative nominative plural)
mingrelinsä (accusative genitive singular)
mingrelinsä (accusative genitive plural)
mingrelinsä (genitive singular)
mingreliensä (genitive plural)
mingreleidensä (genitive plural)
mingreleittensä (genitive plural)
mingreliään (partitive singular)
mingreliänsä (partitive singular)
mingreleitään (partitive plural)
mingrelejään (partitive plural)
mingreleitänsä (partitive plural)
mingrelejänsä (partitive plural)
mingrelissään (inessive singular)
mingrelissänsä (inessive singular)
mingreleissään (inessive plural)
mingreleissänsä (inessive plural)
mingrelistään (elative singular)
mingrelistänsä (elative singular)
mingreleistään (elative plural)
mingreleistänsä (elative plural)
mingreliinsä (illative singular)
mingreleihinsä (illative plural)
mingrelillään (adessive singular)
mingrelillänsä (adessive singular)
mingreleillään (adessive plural)
mingreleillänsä (adessive plural)
mingreliltään (ablative singular)
mingreliltänsä (ablative singular)
mingreleiltään (ablative plural)
mingreleiltänsä (ablative plural)
mingrelilleen (allative singular)
mingrelillensä (allative singular)
mingreleilleen (allative plural)
mingreleillensä (allative plural)
mingrelinään (essive singular)
mingrelinänsä (essive singular)
mingreleinään (essive plural)
mingreleinänsä (essive plural)
mingrelikseen (singular translative)
mingreliksensä (singular translative)
mingreleikseen (plural translative)
mingreleiksensä (plural translative)
mingrelittään (abessive singular)
mingrelittänsä (abessive singular)
mingreleittään (abessive plural)
mingreleittänsä (abessive plural)
mingreleineen (comitative plural)
mingreleinensä (comitative plural)

Internationalism (compare English Mingrelian, Spanish mingreliano, Russian мингре́льский (mingrélʹskij)).

cog

мингре́льский


龜茲文

/t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰz̩³⁵ wən³⁵/

/t͡ɕʰi̯oʊ̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰz̩³⁵ wən³⁵/


焉耆文

/jɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ wən³⁵/

/jɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi³⁵ wən³⁵/


吐火羅文B

ㄊㄨˋ ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄨㄣˊ ㄅㄧˋ

Тухоловэнь Би

/tʰu⁵¹ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵ wən³⁵ pi⁵¹/

/tʰu⁵¹ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵ wən³⁵ pi⁵¹/


吐火羅文A

ㄊㄨˋ ㄏㄨㄛˇ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄨㄣˊ ㄟ

Тухоловэнь Эй

/tʰu⁵¹ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵ wən³⁵ ˀeɪ̯⁵⁵/

/tʰu⁵¹ xu̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻²¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵ wən³⁵ ˀeɪ̯⁵⁵/


雞腸字

/kɐi̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰœːŋ²¹⁻³⁵ t͡siː²²/

/kɐi̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰœːŋ²¹⁻³⁵ t͡siː²²/

(Cantonese, figurative) foreign language written in the Latin alphabet, especially English


ĉeroka

eo-head

ĉeroka (accusative singular ĉerokan, plural ĉerokaj, accusative plural ĉerokajn)

ĉerokan (accusative singular)
ĉerokaj (plural)
ĉerokajn (accusative plural)

From English Cherokee, from Cherokee ᏣᎳᎩ (tsalagi).

Cherokee (of or pertaining to the Cherokee people or the Cherokee language)

Preskaŭ ĉiujn tiparojn vi trovos en TTT — ne nur de gravaj lingvoj, kiel la hindia, sed ankaŭ de malpli uzataj etnaj idiomoj, kiel la ĉeroka kaj inuita (eskima); ekzotikaĵoj kiel la runoj uzataj de Tolkien por ilustri sian verkon La Mastro de l’ Ringoj; kaj neserioze inventitaj pseŭdolingvoj, kiel la “klingona”, konata per la televida serio “Star Trek”.

2002 March, Garbhan MacAoidh, “Plurlingvaj klavaroj”, in Monato, →ISSN, page 29:

Almost all typefaces you will find on the World Wide Web — not only of major languages, like Hindi, but also of less used ethnic idioms, like Cherokee and Inuit (Eskimo); exotica like the runes used by Tolkien to illustrate his work The Lord of the Rings; and unseriously invented pseudo-languages, like “Klingon”, known from the TV series “Star Trek”.

(la ĉeroka) Clipping of la ĉeroka lingvo (“the Cherokee language”).


Maba

The Nilo-Saharan language of these people.


isiShayina

ísiShayína (canonical class-7)
isiShayina (class-7 full-form singular)
siShayina (basic-form class-7 singular)
esiShayineni (class-7 locative singular)
yisiShayina (class-7 copulative singular)
wesiShayina (class-1 possessive singular)
owesiShayina (class-1 possessive possessive-substantive singular)
besiShayina (class-2 possessive singular)
abesiShayina (class-2 possessive possessive-substantive singular)
wesiShayina (class-3 possessive singular)
owesiShayina (class-3 possessive possessive-substantive singular)
yesiShayina (class-4 possessive singular)
eyesiShayina (class-4 possessive possessive-substantive singular)
lesiShayina (class-5 possessive singular)
elesiShayina (class-5 possessive possessive-substantive singular)
esiShayina (class-6 possessive singular)
awesiShayina (class-6 possessive possessive-substantive singular)
sesiShayina (class-7 possessive singular)
esesiShayina (class-7 possessive possessive-substantive singular)
zesiShayina (class-8 possessive singular)
ezesiShayina (class-8 possessive possessive-substantive singular)
yesiShayina (class-9 possessive singular)
eyesiShayina (class-9 possessive possessive-substantive singular)
zesiShayina (class-10 possessive singular)
ezesiShayina (class-10 possessive possessive-substantive singular)
lwesiShayina (class-11 possessive singular)
olwesiShayina (class-11 possessive possessive-substantive singular)
besiShayina (class-14 possessive singular)
obesiShayina (class-14 possessive possessive-substantive singular)
kwesiShayina (class-15 possessive singular)
okwesiShayina (class-15 possessive possessive-substantive singular)
kwesiShayina (class-17 possessive singular)
okwesiShayina (class-17 possessive possessive-substantive singular)


ruočči

head

ruočči (genitive ruočin, partitive ruoččie)

ruočin (genitive)
ruoččie (partitive)
ruočči (nominative singular)
ruočet (nominative plural)
ruočen (genitive singular)
ruoččien (genitive plural)
ruoččie (partitive singular)
ruoččija (partitive plural)
ruoččih (illative singular)
ruoččiloih (illative plural)
ruočešša (inessive singular)
ruoččiloissa (inessive plural)
ruočešta (elative singular)
ruoččiloista (elative plural)
ruočella (adessive singular)
ruoččiloilla (adessive plural)
ruočelta (ablative singular)
ruoččiloilta (ablative plural)
ruočekši (singular translative)
ruoččiloiksi (plural translative)
ruoččina (essive singular)
ruoččiloina (essive plural)
ruoččiloineh (comitative plural)
ruočetta (abessive singular)
ruoččiloitta (abessive plural)
ruočči (nominative singular)
ruočet (nominative plural)
ruočen (genitive singular)
ruoččiloin (genitive plural)
ruoččie (partitive singular)
ruoččiloida (partitive plural)
ruoččih (illative singular)
ruoččiloih (illative plural)
ruočešša (inessive singular)
ruoččiloissa (inessive plural)
ruočešta (elative singular)
ruoččiloista (elative plural)
ruočella (adessive singular)
ruoččiloilla (adessive plural)
ruočelda (ablative singular)
ruoččiloilda (ablative plural)
ruočekši (singular translative)
ruoččiloiksi (plural translative)
ruoččina (essive singular)
ruoččiloina (essive plural)
ruočenke (comitative singular)
ruoččiloinke (comitative plural)
ruočetta (abessive singular)
ruoččiloitta (abessive plural)
ruoččeni (first-person possessive)
ruoččeš (possessive second-person)
ruoččeh (possessive third-person)

krl-decl-table

type 3/<i class="Latn mention" lang="krl">ovi</i>, čč-č gradation

From Proto-Finnic *roocci. Cognates include Finnish ruotsi and Estonian roots.
The original sense was restricted to Germanic people, but over time the focus shifted from ethnicity to religion, at which point the word started being used to also describe the Lutheran Finns.


嘉絨語

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ʐʊŋ³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kaː⁵⁵ jʊŋ²¹ jyː¹³/

/t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ ʐʊŋ³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kaː⁵⁵ jʊŋ²¹ jyː¹³/


重脣音

ㄓㄨㄥˋ ㄔㄨㄣˊ ㄧㄣ

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən³⁵ in⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ¹³ sɵn²¹ jɐm⁵⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən³⁵ in⁵⁵/

/t͡sʰʊŋ¹³ sɵn²¹ jɐm⁵⁵/


krzaczek

krzaczek (nominative singular)
krzaczki (nominative plural)
krzaczka (genitive singular)
krzaczków (genitive plural)
krzaczkowi (dative singular)
krzaczkom (dative plural)
krzaczek (accusative singular)
krzaczki (accusative plural)
krzaczkiem (instrumental singular)
krzaczkami (instrumental plural)
krzaczku (locative singular)
krzaczkach (locative plural)
krzaczku (singular vocative)
krzaczki (plural vocative)

(Jak wiadomo, odczytywanie chińsko-japońskich krzaczków jest wyłącznie rozwiązywaniem rebusów, gdyż każdy krzaczek znaczy co innego w zależności od kontekstu; zupełnie jak w dzisiejszej Polsce.)

1994, Wiesław Górnicki, Teraz już można: ze wspomnień kulawego szerpy:

(As you know, reading the Sino-Japanese Chinese characters is only solving rebuses, because each Chinese character means something different depending on the context; just like in today's Poland.)

„Czy pisze krzaczkami, po japońsku?”, zapytałem.

2001, Andrzej A. Traczykowski, Czas komety:

"Does he write Chinese characters in Japanese?" I asked.

Zaśmiewali się do łez, ile razy Henne pojawił się w okolicy i żadne bicie na to nie pomagało, aż w końcu wzięci na tortury szybciutko wyznali, co jest na nim napisane kaligraficznie, pięknymi chińskimi krzaczkami.

2013 October 4, Dorota Ostrowska, Gdzie diabeł nie może: tom 2, e-bookowo, →ISBN, page 81:

They laughed to tears every time Henne appeared in the area, and no beatings helped, until finally, taken under torture, they quickly confessed what was written on it in calligraphy, in beautiful Chinese characters.

Po chwili otwiera się przed nim piękna skórzana teczka, a on zaczyna coś notować „krzaczkami”.

2015 July 10, Sophie Kinsella, Mam twój telefon, Sonia Draga Sp. z o.o., →ISBN:

After a while, a beautiful leather briefcase opens in front of him, and he starts writing something in "Chinese characters".

Poszukiwanie tu konturów czy wizualnej „esencji” realnych desygnatów niewiele ma wspólnego z odbiorem pisma przez jego codziennych użytkowników, zasadniczo traktujących egzotyczne dla nas „krzaczki” tak, jak my postrzegamy litery i zapisane za ich pomocą słowa.

2016, BEATA ŚNIECIKOWSKA, Haiku po polsku. Genologia w perspektywie transkulturowej, Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika, →ISBN, page 522:

The search for contours or the visual "essence" of real referents has little to do with the reception of writing by its everyday users, who basically treat "Chinese characters' exotic to us, just as we perceive letters and words written with them.

(humorous, chiefly in the plural) moonrunes (illegible characters; squiggle)

(humorous, chiefly in the plural) Chinese characters


輕脣音

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən³⁵ in⁵⁵/

/hɪŋ⁵⁵ sɵn²¹ jɐm⁵⁵/

/t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ən³⁵ in⁵⁵/

/hɪŋ⁵⁵ sɵn²¹ jɐm⁵⁵/


Irula

Their language, written in the Tamil script.


漢藏語

/xän⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔːn³³ t͡sɔːŋ²² jyː¹³/

/xän⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔːn³³ t͡sɔːŋ²² jyː¹³/


原始漢藏語

ㄩㄢˊ ㄕˇ ㄏㄢˋ ㄗㄤˋ ㄩˇ

юаньши ханьцзанъюй

/ɥɛn³⁵ ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ xän⁵¹⁻⁵³ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jyːn²¹ t͡sʰiː³⁵ hɔːn³³ t͡sɔːŋ²² jyː¹³/

/jyːn²¹ t͡sʰiː³⁵ hɔːn³³ t͡sɔːŋ²² jyː¹³/


羅曼語族

ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄇㄢˋ ㄩˇ ㄗㄨˊ

Ломань юйцзу

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ män⁵¹ y²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡su³⁵/

/lɔː²¹ maːn²² jyː¹³ t͡sʊk̚²/

/lu̯ɔ³⁵ män⁵¹ y²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡su³⁵/

/lɔː²¹ maːn²² jyː¹³ t͡sʊk̚²/


Arikara

Possibly from Arikara aríka (“horn”), or árikaraahkucuʾ (“bull elk,” literally “ones with big horns”).

A member of a tribe of Native Americans in what is today North Dakota, who are today enrolled with the Mandan and the Hidatsa as the Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara Nation.


karaiñe'ẽ

From karai (“non-indigenous”) + ñe'ẽ (“language”).


ingyaterrañe'ẽ

From Ingyaterra (“England”) + ñe'ẽ (“language”).


isiRashiya

isiRashiya (class-7 full-form singular)
siRashiya (basic-form class-7 singular)
esiRashiyeni (class-7 locative singular)
yisiRashiya (class-7 copulative singular)
wesiRashiya (class-1 possessive singular)
owesiRashiya (class-1 possessive possessive-substantive singular)
besiRashiya (class-2 possessive singular)
abesiRashiya (class-2 possessive possessive-substantive singular)
wesiRashiya (class-3 possessive singular)
owesiRashiya (class-3 possessive possessive-substantive singular)
yesiRashiya (class-4 possessive singular)
eyesiRashiya (class-4 possessive possessive-substantive singular)
lesiRashiya (class-5 possessive singular)
elesiRashiya (class-5 possessive possessive-substantive singular)
esiRashiya (class-6 possessive singular)
awesiRashiya (class-6 possessive possessive-substantive singular)
sesiRashiya (class-7 possessive singular)
esesiRashiya (class-7 possessive possessive-substantive singular)
zesiRashiya (class-8 possessive singular)
ezesiRashiya (class-8 possessive possessive-substantive singular)
yesiRashiya (class-9 possessive singular)
eyesiRashiya (class-9 possessive possessive-substantive singular)
zesiRashiya (class-10 possessive singular)
ezesiRashiya (class-10 possessive possessive-substantive singular)
lwesiRashiya (class-11 possessive singular)
olwesiRashiya (class-11 possessive possessive-substantive singular)
besiRashiya (class-14 possessive singular)
obesiRashiya (class-14 possessive possessive-substantive singular)
kwesiRashiya (class-15 possessive singular)
okwesiRashiya (class-15 possessive possessive-substantive singular)
kwesiRashiya (class-17 possessive singular)
okwesiRashiya (class-17 possessive possessive-substantive singular)


文白異讀

ㄨㄣˊ ㄅㄞˊ ㄧˋ ㄉㄨˊ

/wən³⁵ paɪ̯³⁵ i⁵¹ tu³⁵/

/mɐn²¹ paːk̚² jiː²² tʊk̚²/

/wən³⁵ paɪ̯³⁵ i⁵¹ tu³⁵/

/mɐn²¹ paːk̚² jiː²² tʊk̚²/

the phenomenon of a character having two different readings, literary and vernacular (colloquial), in the varieties of Chinese


天津話

ㄊㄧㄢ ㄐㄧㄣ ㄏㄨㄚˋ

тяньцзиньхуа

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ t͡sɵn⁵⁵ waː²²⁻³⁵/

/tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ t͡ɕin⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/tʰiːn⁵⁵ t͡sɵn⁵⁵ waː²²⁻³⁵/


西南官話

ㄒㄧ ㄋㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄢ ㄏㄨㄚˋ

синань гуаньхуа

/ɕi⁵⁵ nän³⁵ ku̯än⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ naːm²¹ kuːn⁵⁵ waː²²⁻³⁵/

/ɕi⁵⁵ nän³⁵ ku̯än⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/sɐi̯⁵⁵ naːm²¹ kuːn⁵⁵ waː²²⁻³⁵/

Southwestern Mandarin (a major branch of Mandarin Chinese)


江淮官話

ㄐㄧㄤ ㄏㄨㄞˊ ㄍㄨㄢ ㄏㄨㄚˋ

Цзянхуай гуаньхуа

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ ku̯än⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ waːi̯²¹ kuːn⁵⁵ waː²²⁻³⁵/

/t͡ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ xu̯aɪ̯³⁵ ku̯än⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/kɔːŋ⁵⁵ waːi̯²¹ kuːn⁵⁵ waː²²⁻³⁵/

Lower Yangtze Mandarin
Lower Yangtze Mandarin

Jianghuai or Lower Yangtze Mandarin, the Mandarin dialects spoken in the area between the Yangtze and Huai rivers


中原官話

ㄓㄨㄥ ㄩㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄢ ㄏㄨㄚˋ

Чжунъюань гуаньхуа

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵ ku̯än⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ jyːn²¹ kuːn⁵⁵ waː²²⁻³⁵/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ɥɛn³⁵ ku̯än⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ jyːn²¹ kuːn⁵⁵ waː²²⁻³⁵/

Central Plains Mandarin; Zhongyuan Mandarin (a major branch of Mandarin Chinese)


仡佬語

/kɤ⁵⁵ lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕʰi⁵¹ lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɔː⁵⁵ lou̯¹³ jyː¹³/

/kɤ⁵⁵ lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡ɕʰi⁵¹ lɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɔː⁵⁵ lou̯¹³ jyː¹³/


Tongyong Pinyin

/ˌtɒŋjɒŋ ˈpɪnjɪn/

/ˌtʊŋjʊŋ ˈpɪnjɪn/

From the Tongyong Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation for 通用拼音 (Tongyòng Pinyin).

With regard to romanization, several different systems are concurrently being used in Taiwan, including Wade-Giles, Tongyong Pinyin 通用拼音, Hanyu Pinyin 漢語拼音, and Gwoyeu Romatzyh.

2003, Julie Ju et al., editors, A Brief Introduction to Taiwan, Government Information Office, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 16:

By now, you may be as puzzled as most American visitors to Taiwan are. And there is more confusion to come. For the purpose of this book, keep in mind that we are using Tongyong Pinyin throughout, with Hanyu Pinyin in parentheses when the spelling is different.

2006, David C. King, Taiwan (Enchantment of the World), Children's Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 89:

Rickshaw Magazine is a Tainan-based publication targeting expats, and free in many hotels and bars, while FYI South also has decent Tainan listings. The city has opted to use the Tongyong Pinyin system, with streets well marked in English and Chinese.

2007, Stephen Keeling, Brice Minnigh, The Rough Guide to Taiwan (Rough Guides), Penguin, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 316:

Taiwan’s still official but probably-not-long-for-this-world romanization system for Mandarin is Tongyong Pinyin.

2008 August 7, “Taiwan Google searches: Hanyu Pinyin vs. Tongyong Pinyin”, in Pinyin.info, archived from the original on 2008-08-12:

Although a few authors, long familiar with Wade-Giles or other older systems (or Tongyong Pinyin, a more recent system still used by some in Taiwan), have not switched to Pinyin in their writings, Chicago joins librarians in urging that Pinyin now be used in all writing about China or the Chinese language.

2017, “Languages Other than English”, in The Chicago Manual of Style, 17th edition, University of Chicago Press, →DOI, →LCCN, →OCLC, page 651:

This promotion of Tongyong pinyin reflects Taiwan-identifying political elites seeking to supplant Guoyu with Taiwan-accented Mandarin as the prestige language variety in Taiwan.

2017 January 22, Martin Boyle, “Pinyin and a Taiwanese identity”, in Taipei Times, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2017-01-21, Editorials, page 6:

The Taichung City Council on Monday (Aug. 24) gave initial approval to station names on the Taichung Mass Rapid Transit's (TMRT) green line, which is set to begin operation by the end of this year.
After a preliminary inspection of the 16.71-km line Monday, the city council gave a nod to the 18 station names on the green line. The English station names were converted using Tongyong pinyin (通用拼音) while four of the stations will also have alternate names, according to CNA.

2020 August 25, Ching-Tse Cheng, “Station names of central Taiwan Metro pass preliminary review”, in Taiwan News, archived from the original on 2020-09-10:

Kaohsiung City Government said Wednesday that it will continue using the Tongyong Pinyin Mandarin romanization system on its street signs, passing on plans by the city's previous mayor to transition to the more widely-used Hanyu Pinyin system.
In a press release, Kaohsiung's Research, Development and Evaluation Commission said the city adopted Tongyong Pinyin in 2004 amid a push toward national spelling standardizaion by the central government, and later established an advisory committee to promote an English-friendly living environment in Kaohsiung.[…]
Taiwan's Ministry of Education adopted Tongyong Pinyin as the country's official romanization system in 2002, before switching to Hanyu Pinyin in 2008, though a number of Democratic Progressive Party controlled municipalities including Kaohsiung and Tainan have continued to use the former.

2020 October 14, Wang Shu-fen, Matthew Mazzetta, “Kaohsiung nixes proposal to adopt Hanyu Pinyin street signs”, in Focus Taiwan, archived from the original on 2020-10-16, Society:

Some use romanization to make a political statement, a legacy of the “Great Tongyong-Pinyin Wars” of the 2000s. Here's a useful trick: if you notice someone is using the Hanyu Pinyin system that is standard in China for their name, they are likely pan-blue (pro-KMT), and if they use Taiwan’s Tongyong Pinyin, they are probably pan-green (pro-DPP).

2022 February 22, Courtney Donovan (石東文) Smith, “The joyous variety in Taiwanese chosen names”, in Taiwan News, archived from the original on 2022-02-22:

For instance, while many DPP-led localities had favoured the locally designed Tongyong Pinyin system for the purpose of Mandarin transliteration (notably for toponyms), the incoming[…]

2022 August 5, Jean-François Dupré, “Language Politics and Recognition under Tsai Ing-wen”, in International Journal of Taiwan Studies, volume 5, number 2, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC:

Even within the Taigi community, there's the Pe̍h-ōe-jī, there's the Tongyong pinyin, there's the Tai lo, there's people who don't agree on kanji as orthography, there's people who don't use kanji at all, there's people who think you use kanji for everything except for these prepositions.[…]
What we did is that we held monthly, and later on bimonthly, MoeDict hackathons, where we invite the people of all these different schools to come together. Also, because it's software, so I wrote some programs that automatically turned the Taiwan romanization form to Tongyong or Peh oe ji or whatever form that people prefer.

2023 March 15, Audrey Tang, “Conversation with Cynthia Wang and Tyng-Ruey Chuang”, in Ministry of Digital Affairs, archived from the original on 2023-04-06, 新聞參考資料:

Around twenty years ago, during Taiwan’s romanization wars (when President Chen wanted to impose Tongyong Pinyin upon Taiwan and a great many foreigners and others reacted with dismay and disgust), a popular claim of the Tongyong supporters was, “If Taiwanese use Hanyu Pinyin for their names, no one will be able to tell Taiwanese from Chinese anymore.”

2023 May 9, “Why is the ROC govt trying to make Taiwanese look like Singaporeans?”, in Pinyin.info, archived from the original on 2023-05-10:

A system of romanization for Mandarin Chinese developed and implemented in the Republic of China (Taiwan) in the 1990s.

通用拼音

a romanization system of Mandarin Chinese


türk

az-noun

türk (definite accusative türkü, plural türklər)

türkü (accusative definite)
türklər (plural)
türk (nominative singular)
türklər (nominative plural)
türkü (accusative definite singular)
türkləri (accusative definite plural)
türkə (dative singular)
türklərə (dative plural)
türkdə (locative singular)
türklərdə (locative plural)
türkdən (ablative singular)
türklərdən (ablative plural)
türkün (definite genitive singular)
türklərin (definite genitive plural)
türküm (first-person nominative possessed-single possessive singular)
türklərim (first-person nominative possessed-many possessive singular)
türkün (nominative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
türklərin (nominative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
türkü (nominative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
türkləri (nominative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
türkümüz (first-person nominative plural possessed-single possessive)
türklərimiz (first-person nominative plural possessed-many possessive)
türkünüz (nominative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
türkləriniz (nominative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
türkü (nominative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
türkləri (nominative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
türkləri (nominative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
türkümü (accusative first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
türklərimi (accusative first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
türkünü (accusative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
türklərini (accusative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
türkünü (accusative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
türklərini (accusative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
türkümüzü (accusative first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
türklərimizi (accusative first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
türkünüzü (accusative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
türklərinizi (accusative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
türkünü (accusative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
türklərini (accusative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
türklərini (accusative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
türkümə (dative first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
türklərimə (dative first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
türkünə (dative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
türklərinə (dative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
türkünə (dative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
türklərinə (dative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
türkümüzə (dative first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
türklərimizə (dative first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
türkünüzə (dative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
türklərinizə (dative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
türkünə (dative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
türklərinə (dative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
türklərinə (dative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
türkümdə (first-person locative possessed-single possessive singular)
türklərimdə (first-person locative possessed-many possessive singular)
türkündə (locative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
türklərində (locative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
türkündə (locative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
türklərində (locative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
türkümüzdə (first-person locative plural possessed-single possessive)
türklərimizdə (first-person locative plural possessed-many possessive)
türkünüzdə (locative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
türklərinizdə (locative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
türkündə (locative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
türklərində (locative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
türklərində (locative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
türkümdən (ablative first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
türklərimdən (ablative first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
türkündən (ablative possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
türklərindən (ablative possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
türkündən (ablative possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
türklərindən (ablative possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
türkümüzdən (ablative first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
türklərimizdən (ablative first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
türkünüzdən (ablative plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
türklərinizdən (ablative plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
türkündən (ablative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
türklərindən (ablative plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
türklərindən (ablative plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
türkümün (first-person genitive possessed-single possessive singular)
türklərimin (first-person genitive possessed-many possessive singular)
türkünün (genitive possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
türklərinin (genitive possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
türkünün (genitive possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
türklərinin (genitive possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
türkümüzün (first-person genitive plural possessed-single possessive)
türklərimizin (first-person genitive plural possessed-many possessive)
türkünüzün (genitive plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
türklərinizin (genitive plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
türkünün (genitive plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
türklərinin (genitive plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
türklərinin (genitive plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

From Old Turkic 𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰜 (t²ür²k̥ /türük/), from Proto-Turkic *tür(ü)k.

a person from Turkey or of Turkish ethnic descent

Turk
speaker of the various Turkic languages

(mostly South Azerbaijani, otherwise dated) Azerbaijani (a speaker of Azerbaijani or a person of Azerbaijani descent)

Turkish (of, from, or pertaining to Turkey, the Turkish people or the Turkish language)

türk dilləri

Turkic (of or relating to this language group or the people who speak it)

(mostly South Azerbaijani, otherwise dated) Azerbaijani (of, from, or pertaining to Azerbaijan, the Azerbaijani people or the Azerbaijani language)


ghawa syndrome

Named after the resyllabification of dialectal Arabic قَهْوَة (gahwa, “coffee”) as قْهَوَة (ghawa), which is the prototypical example of the phenomenon.

(phonology) A phenomenon in some Arabic dialects in which the second consonant in a word forms a cluster with the first consonant.


tukana

Inherited from Old Tupi tukana, from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tũkãn, from Proto-Tupian *jɨokãn, although the broader use, including other toucan species and the Tucano people, is a semantic loan from Portuguese tucano. Doublet of tukanu.


myöhäiskantasuomi

myöhäiskantasuomi (nominative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomi (accusative nominative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomen (accusative genitive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomen (genitive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomea (partitive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomessa (inessive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomesta (elative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomeen (illative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomella (adessive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomelta (ablative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomelle (allative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomena (essive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomeksi (singular translative)
myöhäiskantasuometta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
myöhäiskantasuomeni (nominative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomeni (accusative nominative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomeni (accusative genitive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomeni (genitive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomeani (partitive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomessani (inessive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomestani (elative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomeeni (illative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomellani (adessive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomeltani (ablative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomelleni (allative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomenani (essive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomekseni (singular translative)
myöhäiskantasuomettani (abessive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomesi (nominative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomesi (accusative nominative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomesi (accusative genitive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomesi (genitive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomeasi (partitive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomessasi (inessive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomestasi (elative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomeesi (illative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomellasi (adessive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomeltasi (ablative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomellesi (allative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomenasi (essive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomeksesi (singular translative)
myöhäiskantasuomettasi (abessive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomemme (nominative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomemme (accusative nominative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomemme (accusative genitive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomemme (genitive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomeamme (partitive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomessamme (inessive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomestamme (elative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomeemme (illative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomellamme (adessive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomeltamme (ablative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomellemme (allative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomenamme (essive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomeksemme (singular translative)
myöhäiskantasuomettamme (abessive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomenne (nominative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomenne (accusative nominative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomenne (accusative genitive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomenne (genitive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomeanne (partitive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomessanne (inessive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomestanne (elative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomeenne (illative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomellanne (adessive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomeltanne (ablative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomellenne (allative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomenanne (essive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomeksenne (singular translative)
myöhäiskantasuomettanne (abessive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomensa (nominative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomensa (accusative nominative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomensa (accusative genitive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomensa (genitive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomeaan (partitive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomeansa (partitive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomessaan (inessive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomessansa (inessive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomestaan (elative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomestansa (elative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomeensa (illative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomellaan (adessive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomellansa (adessive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomeltaan (ablative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomeltansa (ablative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomelleen (allative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomellensa (allative singular)
myöhäiskantasuomenaan (essive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomenansa (essive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomekseen (singular translative)
myöhäiskantasuomeksensa (singular translative)
myöhäiskantasuomettaan (abessive singular)
myöhäiskantasuomettansa (abessive singular)

[ˈmyø̞̯ɦæi̯s̠ˌkɑ̝n̪t̪ɑ̝ˌs̠uo̞̯mi]

The Proto-Finnic language, sometimes specifically late Proto-Finnic.


近古藏語

ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄍㄨˇ ㄗㄤˋ ㄩˇ

цзиньгу цзанъюй

/t͡ɕin⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɐn²² kuː³⁵ t͡sɔːŋ²² jyː¹³/

/t͡ɕin⁵¹ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kɐn²² kuː³⁵ t͡sɔːŋ²² jyː¹³/


古典藏語

ㄍㄨˇ ㄉㄧㄢˇ ㄗㄤˋ ㄩˇ

гудянь цзанъюй

/ku²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ti̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡sɑŋ⁵¹ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kuː³⁵ tiːn³⁵ t͡sɔːŋ²² jyː¹³/

/kuː³⁵ tiːn³⁵ t͡sɔːŋ²² jyː¹³/


Molsom

A minor language of the Sino-Tibetan family, spoken in Tripura, India.


Tanchangya

bor

Tanchangya 𑄖𑄧𑄐𑄴𑄌𑄧𑄁𑄉𑄴𑄡

The Indo-European language of this people


Highland Popoluca

Calque of Spanish popoluca de la Sierra.

A variety of Popoluca spoken in the municipalities of Soteapan, Tatahuicapan, Hueyapan de Ocampa and Benito Juarez, in the state of Veracruz, Mexico.


førstespråk

førstespråket (definite singular)
førstespråk (indefinite plural)
førstespråka (definite plural)
førstespråkene (definite plural)


førstespråk

førstespråket (definite singular)
førstespråk (indefinite plural)
førstespråka (definite plural)


高地德語

ㄍㄠ ㄉㄧˋ ㄉㄜˊ ㄩˇ

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ti⁵¹ tɤ³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kou̯⁵⁵ tei̯²² tɐk̚⁵ jyː¹³/

/kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ti⁵¹ tɤ³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kou̯⁵⁵ tei̯²² tɐk̚⁵ jyː¹³/


quoc ngu

Promoters of quoc ngu were Vietnamese intellectuals who were either collaborators or anticolonial revolutionaries.

2003, Thaveeporn Vasavakul, edited by Brown & Ganguly, Fighting Words, page 223:

Students studied French and quoc ngu. Most (not all) agreed that Chinese characters no longer sufficed.

2016, Christopher Goscha, The Penguin History of Modern Vietnam, Penguin, published 2017, page 107:

The romanized writing system used to write Vietnamese.


isiNgesi

[ísíᵑɡ̊e̤᷈ːsi]


Jewish English

The interrelated socio-ethnolects of the English language used by the Jews of Anglophonic countries, typically peppered with religious or cultural influences from Hebrew, Yiddish, and other Jewish languages (though usually not to the same extent as Yeshivish, which is essentially English but with extensive use of Aramaic, Hebrew and Yiddish terminology related to halacha (Jewish law) and Gemara learning).


enaresamiska

enaresamiska (indefinite nominative uncountable)
enaresamiskan (definite nominative uncountable)
enaresamiskas (genitive indefinite uncountable)
enaresamiskans (definite genitive uncountable)


skoltsamiska

skoltsamiska (indefinite nominative uncountable)
skoltsamiskan (definite nominative uncountable)
skoltsamiskas (genitive indefinite uncountable)
skoltsamiskans (definite genitive uncountable)


nordsamiska

nordsamiska (indefinite nominative uncountable)
nordsamiskan (definite nominative uncountable)
nordsamiskas (genitive indefinite uncountable)
nordsamiskans (definite genitive uncountable)


rromani ćhib

Angloromani: Romani jib

(International Standard) Romani language


rromanes

(International Standard)
in the Romani language


eòlic

ca-adj

eòlic (feminine eòlica, masculine plural eòlics, feminine plural eòliques)

eòlica (feminine)
eòlics (masculine plural)
eòliques (feminine plural)

Learned borrowing from Latin aeolicus, from Ancient Greek Αἰολικός (Aiolikós).


איסלנדית

he-proper noun

אִיסְלַנְדִּית

אִיסְלַנְדִּית • (islandít) f

אִיסְלַנְדִּית (canonical)
islandít (romanization)

Icelandic (a North Germanic language, the national tongue of Iceland)


nivhi

nivhi (nominative singular)
nivhit (nominative plural)
nivhi (accusative nominative singular)
nivhit (accusative nominative plural)
nivhin (accusative genitive singular)
nivhit (accusative genitive plural)
nivhin (genitive singular)
nivhien (genitive plural)
nivhiä (partitive singular)
nivhejä (partitive plural)
nivhissä (inessive singular)
nivheissä (inessive plural)
nivhistä (elative singular)
nivheistä (elative plural)
nivhiin (illative singular)
nivheihin (illative plural)
nivhillä (adessive singular)
nivheillä (adessive plural)
nivhiltä (ablative singular)
nivheiltä (ablative plural)
nivhille (allative singular)
nivheille (allative plural)
nivhinä (essive singular)
nivheinä (essive plural)
nivhiksi (singular translative)
nivheiksi (plural translative)
nivhittä (abessive singular)
nivheittä (abessive plural)
nivhein (instructive plural)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
nivhini (nominative singular)
nivhini (nominative plural)
nivhini (accusative nominative singular)
nivhini (accusative nominative plural)
nivhini (accusative genitive singular)
nivhini (accusative genitive plural)
nivhini (genitive singular)
nivhieni (genitive plural)
nivhiäni (partitive singular)
nivhejäni (partitive plural)
nivhissäni (inessive singular)
nivheissäni (inessive plural)
nivhistäni (elative singular)
nivheistäni (elative plural)
nivhiini (illative singular)
nivheihini (illative plural)
nivhilläni (adessive singular)
nivheilläni (adessive plural)
nivhiltäni (ablative singular)
nivheiltäni (ablative plural)
nivhilleni (allative singular)
nivheilleni (allative plural)
nivhinäni (essive singular)
nivheinäni (essive plural)
nivhikseni (singular translative)
nivheikseni (plural translative)
nivhittäni (abessive singular)
nivheittäni (abessive plural)
nivheineni (comitative plural)
nivhisi (nominative singular)
nivhisi (nominative plural)
nivhisi (accusative nominative singular)
nivhisi (accusative nominative plural)
nivhisi (accusative genitive singular)
nivhisi (accusative genitive plural)
nivhisi (genitive singular)
nivhiesi (genitive plural)
nivhiäsi (partitive singular)
nivhejäsi (partitive plural)
nivhissäsi (inessive singular)
nivheissäsi (inessive plural)
nivhistäsi (elative singular)
nivheistäsi (elative plural)
nivhiisi (illative singular)
nivheihisi (illative plural)
nivhilläsi (adessive singular)
nivheilläsi (adessive plural)
nivhiltäsi (ablative singular)
nivheiltäsi (ablative plural)
nivhillesi (allative singular)
nivheillesi (allative plural)
nivhinäsi (essive singular)
nivheinäsi (essive plural)
nivhiksesi (singular translative)
nivheiksesi (plural translative)
nivhittäsi (abessive singular)
nivheittäsi (abessive plural)
nivheinesi (comitative plural)
nivhimme (nominative singular)
nivhimme (nominative plural)
nivhimme (accusative nominative singular)
nivhimme (accusative nominative plural)
nivhimme (accusative genitive singular)
nivhimme (accusative genitive plural)
nivhimme (genitive singular)
nivhiemme (genitive plural)
nivhiämme (partitive singular)
nivhejämme (partitive plural)
nivhissämme (inessive singular)
nivheissämme (inessive plural)
nivhistämme (elative singular)
nivheistämme (elative plural)
nivhiimme (illative singular)
nivheihimme (illative plural)
nivhillämme (adessive singular)
nivheillämme (adessive plural)
nivhiltämme (ablative singular)
nivheiltämme (ablative plural)
nivhillemme (allative singular)
nivheillemme (allative plural)
nivhinämme (essive singular)
nivheinämme (essive plural)
nivhiksemme (singular translative)
nivheiksemme (plural translative)
nivhittämme (abessive singular)
nivheittämme (abessive plural)
nivheinemme (comitative plural)
nivhinne (nominative singular)
nivhinne (nominative plural)
nivhinne (accusative nominative singular)
nivhinne (accusative nominative plural)
nivhinne (accusative genitive singular)
nivhinne (accusative genitive plural)
nivhinne (genitive singular)
nivhienne (genitive plural)
nivhiänne (partitive singular)
nivhejänne (partitive plural)
nivhissänne (inessive singular)
nivheissänne (inessive plural)
nivhistänne (elative singular)
nivheistänne (elative plural)
nivhiinne (illative singular)
nivheihinne (illative plural)
nivhillänne (adessive singular)
nivheillänne (adessive plural)
nivhiltänne (ablative singular)
nivheiltänne (ablative plural)
nivhillenne (allative singular)
nivheillenne (allative plural)
nivhinänne (essive singular)
nivheinänne (essive plural)
nivhiksenne (singular translative)
nivheiksenne (plural translative)
nivhittänne (abessive singular)
nivheittänne (abessive plural)
nivheinenne (comitative plural)
nivhinsä (nominative singular)
nivhinsä (nominative plural)
nivhinsä (accusative nominative singular)
nivhinsä (accusative nominative plural)
nivhinsä (accusative genitive singular)
nivhinsä (accusative genitive plural)
nivhinsä (genitive singular)
nivhiensä (genitive plural)
nivhiään (partitive singular)
nivhiänsä (partitive singular)
nivhejään (partitive plural)
nivhejänsä (partitive plural)
nivhissään (inessive singular)
nivhissänsä (inessive singular)
nivheissään (inessive plural)
nivheissänsä (inessive plural)
nivhistään (elative singular)
nivhistänsä (elative singular)
nivheistään (elative plural)
nivheistänsä (elative plural)
nivhiinsä (illative singular)
nivheihinsä (illative plural)
nivhillään (adessive singular)
nivhillänsä (adessive singular)
nivheillään (adessive plural)
nivheillänsä (adessive plural)
nivhiltään (ablative singular)
nivhiltänsä (ablative singular)
nivheiltään (ablative plural)
nivheiltänsä (ablative plural)
nivhilleen (allative singular)
nivhillensä (allative singular)
nivheilleen (allative plural)
nivheillensä (allative plural)
nivhinään (essive singular)
nivhinänsä (essive singular)
nivheinään (essive plural)
nivheinänsä (essive plural)
nivhikseen (singular translative)
nivhiksensä (singular translative)
nivheikseen (plural translative)
nivheiksensä (plural translative)
nivhittään (abessive singular)
nivhittänsä (abessive singular)
nivheittään (abessive plural)
nivheittänsä (abessive plural)
nivheineen (comitative plural)
nivheinensä (comitative plural)

From Russian нивх (nivx), from Nivkh нивх (ņivx).


Semai

A semisedentary ethnic group living in the central Malay Peninsula in Southeast Asia.


djudeo-espanyol

Judeo-Spanish (the language also known as Ladino)


Chilcotin

Borrowed from Chilcotin Tŝinlhqut’in (literally “river man”).

bor

A Northern Athabaskan language spoken in British Columbia by the Tsilhqot'in people.


沖繩語

/ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ⁵⁵ ʂɤŋ³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹ jyː¹³/

/ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ⁵⁵ ʂɤŋ³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵ sɪŋ²¹ jyː¹³/


沖縄語

ja-noun

沖(おき)縄(なわ)語(ご) • (okinawago) ^(←おきなはご (okinafago)?)

沖縄語 (canonical)
okinawago (romanization)
okinafago (romanization)
おきなはご (hiragana historical)

From 沖縄 (Okinawa, “Okinawa”) + 語 (-go, “language”).


카자흐어

[kʰa̠d͡ʑa̠ɣɯʌ̹]


塑料普通話

ㄙㄨˋ ㄌㄧㄠˋ ㄆㄨˇ ㄊㄨㄥ ㄏㄨㄚˋ

суляо путунхуа

/su⁵¹⁻⁵³ li̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹ pʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/so²⁴ li̯ɒu̯⁴⁵ pʰu⁴¹ tʰʊŋ³³ ɸa̠²¹⁻¹¹/

/so²⁴ li̯ɒu̯⁴⁵ pʰu⁴¹ tʰən³³ ɸa̠²¹⁻¹¹/

/so²⁴ li̯ɒu̯⁴⁵ pʰu⁴¹ tʰʊŋ³³ ɸa̠²¹⁻¹¹/

/so²⁴ li̯ɒu̯⁴⁵ pʰu⁴¹ tʰən³³ ɸa̠²¹⁻¹¹/


tiếng Mãn

[tiəŋ˧˦ maːn˦ˀ˥]

[tiəŋ˦˧˥ maːŋ˧˨]

[tiəŋ˦˥ maːŋ˨˩˦]


otontlahtolli

Otomitl (“Otomi person”) + tlahtolli (“language”)


原始日耳曼語

ㄩㄢˊ ㄕˇ ㄖˋ ㄦˇ ㄇㄢˋ ㄩˇ

юаньши Жиэрмань юй

/ɥɛn³⁵ ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʐ̩⁵¹ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ män⁵¹ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/jyːn²¹ t͡sʰiː³⁵ jɐt̚² jiː¹³ maːn²² jyː¹³/


通俗拉丁語

ㄊㄨㄥ ㄙㄨˊ ㄌㄚ ㄉㄧㄥ ㄩˇ

тунсу ладинъюй

/tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ su³⁵ lä⁵⁵ tiŋ⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʊk̚² laːi̯⁵⁵ tɪŋ⁵⁵ jyː¹³/

/tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ su³⁵ lä⁵⁵ tiŋ⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡sʊk̚² laːi̯⁵⁵ tɪŋ⁵⁵ jyː¹³/


Lusitanic

(historical) An extinct language spoken by the Jews of Portugal.


古法語

/ku²¹⁴⁻³⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kuː³⁵ faːt̚³ jyː¹³/

/ku²¹⁴⁻³⁵ fä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kuː³⁵ faːt̚³ jyː¹³/


古諾斯語

ㄍㄨˇ ㄋㄨㄛˋ ㄙ ㄩˇ

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ nu̯ɔ⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kuː³⁵ nɔːk̚² siː⁵⁵ jyː¹³/

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ nu̯ɔ⁵¹ sz̩⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kuː³⁵ nɔːk̚² siː⁵⁵ jyː¹³/


威爾斯語

/weɪ̯⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɐi̯⁵⁵ jiː¹³ siː⁵⁵ jyː¹³/

/weɪ̯⁵⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ sz̩⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɐi̯⁵⁵ jiː¹³ siː⁵⁵ jyː¹³/


凱爾特語

ㄎㄞˇ ㄦˇ ㄊㄜˋ ㄩˇ

kʻai³-êrh³-tʻê⁴ yü³

/kʰaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ tʰɤ⁵¹ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ jiː¹³ tɐk̚² jyː¹³/

/hɔːi̯³⁵ jiː¹³ tɐk̚² jyː¹³/


香港手語

ㄒㄧㄤ ㄍㄤˇ ㄕㄡˇ ㄩˇ

Сянган шоуюй

/ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵ kɑŋ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hœːŋ⁵⁵ kɔːŋ³⁵ sɐu̯³⁵ jyː¹³/

/hœːŋ⁵⁵ kɔːŋ³⁵ sɐu̯³⁵ jyː¹³/

Hong Kong Sign Language
Hong Kong Sign Language


Hán ngữ

[haːn˧˦ ŋɨ˦ˀ˥]

[haːŋ˦˧˥ ŋɨ˧˨]

[haːŋ˦˥ ŋɨ˨˩˦]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 漢語, composed of 漢 (“Han”) and 語 (“language”)

vi-etym-sino

the "Chinese language"; Standard (Mandarin) Chinese


Vahgun

From vah (“language”) + Gun (“Han people”).


Finland Swedish

the Swedish language as spoken by the Swedish-speaking population in Finland


un-English

en-adj

un-English (comparative more un-English, superlative most un-English)

more un-English (comparative)
most un-English (superlative)

A quick scan of a couple of pages in a dictionary that records the origin of our vocabulary reveals that many entries in it are historically “un-English.” This is not surprising; languages travel […]

2009, Donka Minkova, Robert Stockwell, English Words: History and Structure, page 24:

Fowler effectively refuted critics who had argued that Milton's high style was un-English, but he overstated the case.

1999, Ton Hoenselaars, Marius Buning, English Literature and the Other Languages, page 41:


希臘文

/ɕi⁵⁵ lä⁵¹ wən³⁵/

/hi⁴⁴⁻³³ liap̚⁴⁻³² bun²⁴/

/hi⁴⁴⁻³³ liap̚⁴⁻³² bun²³/

/ɕi⁵⁵ lä⁵¹ wən³⁵/

/hi⁴⁴⁻³³ liap̚⁴⁻³² bun²⁴/

/hi⁴⁴⁻³³ liap̚⁴⁻³² bun²³/


米佐語

/mi²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mɐi̯¹³ t͡sɔː³³ jyː¹³/

/mi²¹⁴⁻³⁵ t͡su̯ɔ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/mɐi̯¹³ t͡sɔː³³ jyː¹³/


osztják

head

osztják (countable and uncountable, plural osztjákok)

osztjákok (plural)
osztják (nominative singular)
osztjákok (nominative plural)
osztjákot (accusative singular)
osztjákokat (accusative plural)
osztjáknak (dative singular)
osztjákoknak (dative plural)
osztjákkal (instrumental singular)
osztjákokkal (instrumental plural)
osztjákért (causal-final singular)
osztjákokért (causal-final plural)
osztjákká (singular translative)
osztjákokká (plural translative)
osztjákig (singular terminative)
osztjákokig (plural terminative)
osztjákként (essive-formal singular)
osztjákokként (essive-formal plural)
osztjákban (inessive singular)
osztjákokban (inessive plural)
osztjákon (singular superessive)
osztjákokon (plural superessive)
osztjáknál (adessive singular)
osztjákoknál (adessive plural)
osztjákba (illative singular)
osztjákokba (illative plural)
osztjákra (singular sublative)
osztjákokra (plural sublative)
osztjákhoz (allative singular)
osztjákokhoz (allative plural)
osztjákból (elative singular)
osztjákokból (elative plural)
osztjákról (delative singular)
osztjákokról (delative plural)
osztjáktól (ablative singular)
osztjákoktól (ablative plural)
osztjáké (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
osztjákoké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
osztjákéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
osztjákokéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
osztjákom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
osztjákjaim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
osztjákod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
osztjákjaid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
osztjákja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
osztjákjai (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
osztjákunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
osztjákjaink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
osztjákotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
osztjákjaitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
osztjákjuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
osztjákjaik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

(dated) Synonym of hanti (“Khanty (language)”)


Tseko

Borrowed from Spanish checo, from Czech Čech.


Tlamacazapa Nahuatl

Calque of Spanish náhuatl de Tlamacazapa

calque

The variety of Nahuatl spoken in Tlamacazapa, Guerrero, Mexico.


የቐንየለይ

ti-noun

የቐንየለይ • (yäḳʰänyäläy)


szogd

head

szogd (countable and uncountable, plural szogdok)

szogdok (plural)
szogd (nominative singular)
szogdok (nominative plural)
szogdot (accusative singular)
szogdokat (accusative plural)
szogdnak (dative singular)
szogdoknak (dative plural)
szogddal (instrumental singular)
szogdokkal (instrumental plural)
szogdért (causal-final singular)
szogdokért (causal-final plural)
szogddá (singular translative)
szogdokká (plural translative)
szogdig (singular terminative)
szogdokig (plural terminative)
szogdként (essive-formal singular)
szogdokként (essive-formal plural)
szogdban (inessive singular)
szogdokban (inessive plural)
szogdon (singular superessive)
szogdokon (plural superessive)
szogdnál (adessive singular)
szogdoknál (adessive plural)
szogdba (illative singular)
szogdokba (illative plural)
szogdra (singular sublative)
szogdokra (plural sublative)
szogdhoz (allative singular)
szogdokhoz (allative plural)
szogdból (elative singular)
szogdokból (elative plural)
szogdról (delative singular)
szogdokról (delative plural)
szogdtól (ablative singular)
szogdoktól (ablative plural)
szogdé (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
szogdoké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
szogdéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
szogdokéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
szogdom (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
szogdjaim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
szogdod (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
szogdjaid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
szogdja (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
szogdjai (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
szogdunk (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
szogdjaink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
szogdotok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
szogdjaitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
szogdjuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
szogdjaik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)


土庫曼語

ㄊㄨˇ ㄎㄨˋ ㄇㄢˋ ㄩˇ

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu⁵¹⁻⁵³ män⁵¹ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰu⁵¹⁻⁵³ män⁵¹ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


Shinnecock

The extinct Algonquian language formerly spoken by this tribe.


弗里西亞語

ㄈㄨˊ ㄌㄧˇ ㄒㄧ ㄧㄚˋ ㄩˇ

ㄈㄨˊ ㄌㄧˇ ㄒㄧ ㄧㄚˇ ㄩˇ

/fu³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi⁵⁵ jä⁵¹ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fu³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi⁵⁵ jä²¹⁴⁻³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fu³⁵ li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕi⁵⁵ jä⁵¹ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


古高地德語

ㄍㄨˇ ㄍㄠ ㄉㄧˋ ㄉㄜˊ ㄩˇ

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ti⁵¹ tɤ³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kuː³⁵ kou̯⁵⁵ tei̯²² tɐk̚⁵ jyː¹³/

/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ti⁵¹ tɤ³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kuː³⁵ kou̯⁵⁵ tei̯²² tɐk̚⁵ jyː¹³/


中古高地德語

ㄓㄨㄥ ㄍㄨˇ ㄍㄠ ㄉㄧˋ ㄉㄜˊ ㄩˇ

чжунгу гаодидэюй

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ kɑʊ̯⁵⁵ ti⁵¹ tɤ³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ kuː³⁵ kou̯⁵⁵ tei̯²² tɐk̚⁵ jyː¹³/


সাঁওতালি

সাঁওতালি • (śãōtali)

bn-noun

সাঁওতালি • (śãōtali)

suf

সাঁওতাল (śãōtal) + -ই (-i)


ниӿоӈ диф

head

ниӿоӈ диф (ņihoŋ d̦if)


中古荷蘭語

ㄓㄨㄥ ㄍㄨˇ ㄏㄜˊ ㄌㄢˊ ㄩˇ

Чжунгу Хэланьюй

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ xɤ³⁵ län³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ kuː³⁵ hɔː²¹ laːn²¹⁻⁵⁵ jyː¹³/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ kuː³⁵ hɔː²¹ laːn²¹⁻⁵⁵ jyː¹³/


古撒克遜語

ㄍㄨˇ ㄙㄚˇ ㄎㄜˋ ㄒㄩㄣˋ ㄩˇ

гусакэсюньюй

/ku²¹⁴⁻³⁵ sä²¹⁴⁻²¹ kʰɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɕyn⁵¹ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/kuː³⁵ saːt̚³ hɐk̚⁵ sɵn³³ jyː¹³/

/kuː³⁵ saːt̚³ hɐk̚⁵ sɵn³³ jyː¹³/


tiếng Kinh

[tiəŋ˧˦ kïŋ˧˧]

[tiəŋ˦˧˥ kɨn˧˧]

[tiəŋ˦˥ kɨn˧˧]


威尼斯語

/weɪ̯⁵⁵ ni³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɐi̯⁵⁵ nei̯²¹ siː⁵⁵ jyː¹³/

/weɪ̯⁵⁵ ni³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wɐi̯⁵⁵ nei̯²¹ siː⁵⁵ jyː¹³/


Old Tagalog

The ancient or older medieval language of Tagalog mostly spoken and sparsely written using the Baybayin script in the Philippines from around its split off from other Central Philippine languages to around 1565 C.E., when it soon developed into Classical Tagalog after Christianization by the Spanish arrival. It developed from Central Philippine, under Greater Central Philippine, under Proto-Philippine, with influence from Old Malay, Classical Sanskrit, Classical Arabic, Middle Tamil, Classical Persian, Old Javanese, and either or both Medieval Min Chinese and/or Late Middle Chinese.

Lumang Tagalog

Baybayin: ᜎᜓᜋᜅ᜔ᜆᜄᜎᜓᜄ᜔, Pre-Kudlit:ᜎᜓᜋᜆᜄᜎᜓ


Classical Tagalog

Generally they are no longer productive, and cannot be used for derivation either in Classical Tagalog or Classical Arabic.

2013, Jean-Paul G. Potet, Arabic and Persian Loanwords in Tagalog, Lulu Press, pages 82–83

The older form of Tagalog spoken and written in the Philippines from about 1565 C.E. to 1897 C.E., before soon developing into Modern Tagalog (Filipino) by the time of the Philippine Revolution and subsequent American colonial period to present. It developed from Old Tagalog after Christianization in the Spanish colonial period, with heavy influence from Spanish (Early Modern Spanish and Modern Spanish, including influence from Classical Nahuatl (Aztec) and Taíno), Chinese (especially Hokkien), and Japanese. This was also when it first started being written in the Latin script and later the Baybayin script becoming sparsely rarely written.


Ammiyya

Borrowed from Arabic الْعَامِّيَّة (al-ʕāmmiyya).

bor

الْعَامِّيَّة

Colloquial, non-standard Arabic (used especially of eastern Arabic dialects).


Fusha

Arabic الْفُصْحَى (al-fuṣḥā)

Modern Standard Arabic
Modern Standard Arabic

Modern Standard Arabic and Classical Arabic, taken together: "standard" Arabic, used in religious texts, in writing, and in formal speech, as opposed to the regional "dialects" used for most daily communication.


Armazic

From Armazi + -ic, in reference to Armazi, an ancient site near Mtskheta, Georgia, where several specimens of a local idiom of written Aramaic have been found.

An extinct written Aramaic language used for administration in the South Caucasus in the first centuries AD.


Gepidic

The hypothetical East Germanic language once spoken by the Gepids.


로씨야말

로씨야 (Rossiya, “Russia”) + 말 (mal, “language”).


Koryo-mar

(linguistics) The Korean dialect spoken in Russia and Central Asia.


romanç

Inherited from Latin rōmānicē (“in the Roman manner”), adverbial form of rōmānicus (“Roman”).


Laboya

From Laboya Laboya, from the de-prenasalization of earlier Lamboya.

Moro in Laboya language means "Owner, master". The "Master of the feast" is a translation of the Indonesian "Tuan Pesta", a term which West Sumbanese use when they speak Indonesian. When speaking Laboya, different terms are used, according to the type of feast which is given.

1987, Danielle Geirnaert, “Hunt Wild Pig and Grow Rice: On Food Exchanges and Values in Laboya, West Sumba (Eastern Indonesia)”, in Rob de Ridder, Jan A. J. Karremans, editors, The Leiden Tradition in Structural Anthropology: Essays in Honour of P.E. de Josselin de Jong, Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill Publishers, →ISBN, page 121:

For example, in the Laboya language, which is spoken by a community who are neighbors of the Kodi in western Sumba, nyale is the word for "seaworms" while nare refers to an inedible kind of seaworm that Laboya people say causes an itchy reaction if eaten.

2017, Cynthia T. Fowler, chapter 3, in Biosocial Synchrony on Sumba: Multispecies Relationships and Environmental Variations in Indonesia, London: Lexington Books, →ISBN, page 48:

An Austronesian language spoken in the Sumba island in eastern Indonesia.


hawaiíska

head

hawaiíska f (genitive singular hawaiísku, no plural)

hawaiísku (genitive singular)
hawaiíska (indefinite nominative singular)
hawaiískan (definite nominative singular)
hawaiísku (accusative indefinite singular)
hawaiískuna (accusative definite singular)
hawaiísku (dative indefinite singular)
hawaiískunni (dative definite singular)
hawaiísku (genitive indefinite singular)
hawaiískunnar (definite genitive singular)


aserbaídsjanska

aserbaídsjanska f (genitive singular aserbaídsjönsku, no plural)

aserbaídsjönsku (genitive singular)
aserbaídsjanska (indefinite nominative singular)
aserbaídsjanskan (definite nominative singular)
aserbaídsjönsku (accusative indefinite singular)
aserbaídsjönskuna (accusative definite singular)
aserbaídsjönsku (dative indefinite singular)
aserbaídsjönskunni (dative definite singular)
aserbaídsjönsku (genitive indefinite singular)
aserbaídsjönskunnar (definite genitive singular)


limburgíska

limburgíska f (genitive singular limburgísku, no plural)

limburgísku (genitive singular)
limburgíska (indefinite nominative singular)
limburgískan (definite nominative singular)
limburgísku (accusative indefinite singular)
limburgískuna (accusative definite singular)
limburgísku (dative indefinite singular)
limburgískunni (dative definite singular)
limburgísku (genitive indefinite singular)
limburgískunnar (definite genitive singular)


úsbekíska

úsbekíska f (genitive singular úsbekísku, no plural)

úsbekísku (genitive singular)
úsbekíska (indefinite nominative singular)
úsbekískan (definite nominative singular)
úsbekísku (accusative indefinite singular)
úsbekískuna (accusative definite singular)
úsbekísku (dative indefinite singular)
úsbekískunni (dative definite singular)
úsbekísku (genitive indefinite singular)
úsbekískunnar (definite genitive singular)


króatíska

króatíska f (genitive singular króatísku, no plural)

króatísku (genitive singular)
króatíska (indefinite nominative singular)
króatískan (definite nominative singular)
króatísku (accusative indefinite singular)
króatískuna (accusative definite singular)
króatísku (dative indefinite singular)
króatískunni (dative definite singular)
króatísku (genitive indefinite singular)
króatískunnar (definite genitive singular)


lúxemborgíska

lúxemborgíska f (genitive singular lúxemborgísku, no plural)

lúxemborgísku (genitive singular)
lúxemborgíska (indefinite nominative singular)
lúxemborgískan (definite nominative singular)
lúxemborgísku (accusative indefinite singular)
lúxemborgískuna (accusative definite singular)
lúxemborgísku (dative indefinite singular)
lúxemborgískunni (dative definite singular)
lúxemborgísku (genitive indefinite singular)
lúxemborgískunnar (definite genitive singular)

(rare, proscribed) Luxembourgish (language)


oksítanska

oksítanska f (genitive singular oksítönsku, no plural)

oksítönsku (genitive singular)
oksítanska (indefinite nominative singular)
oksítanskan (definite nominative singular)
oksítönsku (accusative indefinite singular)
oksítönskuna (accusative definite singular)
oksítönsku (dative indefinite singular)
oksítönskunni (dative definite singular)
oksítönsku (genitive indefinite singular)
oksítönskunnar (definite genitive singular)


malagasíska

malagasíska f (genitive singular malagasísku, no plural)

malagasísku (genitive singular)
malagasíska (indefinite nominative singular)
malagasískan (definite nominative singular)
malagasísku (accusative indefinite singular)
malagasískuna (accusative definite singular)
malagasísku (dative indefinite singular)
malagasískunni (dative definite singular)
malagasísku (genitive indefinite singular)
malagasískunnar (definite genitive singular)


búrmíska

búrmíska f (genitive singular búrmísku, no plural)

búrmísku (genitive singular)
búrmíska (indefinite nominative singular)
búrmískan (definite nominative singular)
búrmísku (accusative indefinite singular)
búrmískuna (accusative definite singular)
búrmísku (dative indefinite singular)
búrmískunni (dative definite singular)
búrmísku (genitive indefinite singular)
búrmískunnar (definite genitive singular)


serbneska

serbneska f (genitive singular serbnesku, no plural)

serbnesku (genitive singular)
serbneska (indefinite nominative singular)
serbneskan (definite nominative singular)
serbnesku (accusative indefinite singular)
serbneskuna (accusative definite singular)
serbnesku (dative indefinite singular)
serbneskunni (dative definite singular)
serbnesku (genitive indefinite singular)
serbneskunnar (definite genitive singular)


korsíkanska

korsíkanska f (genitive singular korsíkönsku, no plural)

korsíkönsku (genitive singular)
korsíkanska (indefinite nominative singular)
korsíkanskan (definite nominative singular)
korsíkönsku (accusative indefinite singular)
korsíkönskuna (accusative definite singular)
korsíkönsku (dative indefinite singular)
korsíkönskunni (dative definite singular)
korsíkönsku (genitive indefinite singular)
korsíkönskunnar (definite genitive singular)


skoska

skoska f (genitive singular skosku, no plural)

skosku (genitive singular)
skoska (indefinite nominative singular)
skoskan (definite nominative singular)
skosku (accusative indefinite singular)
skoskuna (accusative definite singular)
skosku (dative indefinite singular)
skoskunni (dative definite singular)
skosku (genitive indefinite singular)
skoskunnar (definite genitive singular)


katalónska

katalónska f (genitive singular katalónsku, no plural)

katalónsku (genitive singular)
katalónska (indefinite nominative singular)
katalónskan (definite nominative singular)
katalónsku (accusative indefinite singular)
katalónskuna (accusative definite singular)
katalónsku (dative indefinite singular)
katalónskunni (dative definite singular)
katalónsku (genitive indefinite singular)
katalónskunnar (definite genitive singular)


hvítrússneska

hvítrússneska f (genitive singular hvítrússnesku, no plural)

hvítrússnesku (genitive singular)
hvítrússneska (indefinite nominative singular)
hvítrússneskan (definite nominative singular)
hvítrússnesku (accusative indefinite singular)
hvítrússneskuna (accusative definite singular)
hvítrússnesku (dative indefinite singular)
hvítrússneskunni (dative definite singular)
hvítrússnesku (genitive indefinite singular)
hvítrússneskunnar (definite genitive singular)


bengalska

bengalska f (genitive singular bengölsku, no plural)

bengölsku (genitive singular)
bengalska (indefinite nominative singular)
bengalskan (definite nominative singular)
bengölsku (accusative indefinite singular)
bengölskuna (accusative definite singular)
bengölsku (dative indefinite singular)
bengölskunni (dative definite singular)
bengölsku (genitive indefinite singular)
bengölskunnar (definite genitive singular)


bosníska

bosníska f (genitive singular bosnísku, no plural)

bosnísku (genitive singular)
bosníska (indefinite nominative singular)
bosnískan (definite nominative singular)
bosnísku (accusative indefinite singular)
bosnískuna (accusative definite singular)
bosnísku (dative indefinite singular)
bosnískunni (dative definite singular)
bosnísku (genitive indefinite singular)
bosnískunnar (definite genitive singular)


indónesíska

indónesíska f (genitive singular indónesísku, no plural)

indónesísku (genitive singular)
indónesíska (indefinite nominative singular)
indónesískan (definite nominative singular)
indónesísku (accusative indefinite singular)
indónesískuna (accusative definite singular)
indónesísku (dative indefinite singular)
indónesískunni (dative definite singular)
indónesísku (genitive indefinite singular)
indónesískunnar (definite genitive singular)


gotneska

gotneska f (genitive singular gotnesku, no plural)

gotnesku (genitive singular)
gotneska (indefinite nominative singular)
gotneskan (definite nominative singular)
gotnesku (accusative indefinite singular)
gotneskuna (accusative definite singular)
gotnesku (dative indefinite singular)
gotneskunni (dative definite singular)
gotnesku (genitive indefinite singular)
gotneskunnar (definite genitive singular)


makedónska

makedónska f (genitive singular makedónsku, no plural)

makedónsku (genitive singular)
makedónska (indefinite nominative singular)
makedónskan (definite nominative singular)
makedónsku (accusative indefinite singular)
makedónskuna (accusative definite singular)
makedónsku (dative indefinite singular)
makedónskunni (dative definite singular)
makedónsku (genitive indefinite singular)
makedónskunnar (definite genitive singular)


laoska

laoska f (genitive singular laosku, no plural)

laosku (genitive singular)
laoska (indefinite nominative singular)
laoskan (definite nominative singular)
laosku (accusative indefinite singular)
laoskuna (accusative definite singular)
laosku (dative indefinite singular)
laoskunni (dative definite singular)
laosku (genitive indefinite singular)
laoskunnar (definite genitive singular)


vallónska

vallónska f (genitive singular vallónsku, no plural)

vallónsku (genitive singular)
vallónska (indefinite nominative singular)
vallónskan (definite nominative singular)
vallónsku (accusative indefinite singular)
vallónskuna (accusative definite singular)
vallónsku (dative indefinite singular)
vallónskunni (dative definite singular)
vallónsku (genitive indefinite singular)
vallónskunnar (definite genitive singular)


maltneska

maltneska f (genitive singular maltnesku, no plural)

maltnesku (genitive singular)
maltneska (indefinite nominative singular)
maltneskan (definite nominative singular)
maltnesku (accusative indefinite singular)
maltneskuna (accusative definite singular)
maltnesku (dative indefinite singular)
maltneskunni (dative definite singular)
maltnesku (genitive indefinite singular)
maltneskunnar (definite genitive singular)


velska

velska f (genitive singular velsku, no plural)

velsku (genitive singular)
velska (indefinite nominative singular)
velskan (definite nominative singular)
velsku (accusative indefinite singular)
velskuna (accusative definite singular)
velsku (dative indefinite singular)
velskunni (dative definite singular)
velsku (genitive indefinite singular)
velskunnar (definite genitive singular)


galisíska

galisíska f (genitive singular galisísku, no plural)

galisísku (genitive singular)
galisíska (indefinite nominative singular)
galisískan (definite nominative singular)
galisísku (accusative indefinite singular)
galisískuna (accusative definite singular)
galisísku (dative indefinite singular)
galisískunni (dative definite singular)
galisísku (genitive indefinite singular)
galisískunnar (definite genitive singular)


túrkmenska

túrkmenska f (genitive singular túrkmensku, no plural)

túrkmensku (genitive singular)
túrkmenska (indefinite nominative singular)
túrkmenskan (definite nominative singular)
túrkmensku (accusative indefinite singular)
túrkmenskuna (accusative definite singular)
túrkmensku (dative indefinite singular)
túrkmenskunni (dative definite singular)
túrkmensku (genitive indefinite singular)
túrkmenskunnar (definite genitive singular)


tævanska

tævanska f (genitive singular tævönsku, no plural)

tævönsku (genitive singular)
tævanska (indefinite nominative singular)
tævanskan (definite nominative singular)
tævönsku (accusative indefinite singular)
tævönskuna (accusative definite singular)
tævönsku (dative indefinite singular)
tævönskunni (dative definite singular)
tævönsku (genitive indefinite singular)
tævönskunnar (definite genitive singular)


astúríska

astúríska f (genitive singular astúrísku, no plural)

astúrísku (genitive singular)
astúríska (indefinite nominative singular)
astúrískan (definite nominative singular)
astúrísku (accusative indefinite singular)
astúrískuna (accusative definite singular)
astúrísku (dative indefinite singular)
astúrískunni (dative definite singular)
astúrísku (genitive indefinite singular)
astúrískunnar (definite genitive singular)


moldavíska

moldavíska f (genitive singular moldavísku, no plural)

moldavísku (genitive singular)
moldavíska (indefinite nominative singular)
moldavískan (definite nominative singular)
moldavísku (accusative indefinite singular)
moldavískuna (accusative definite singular)
moldavísku (dative indefinite singular)
moldavískunni (dative definite singular)
moldavísku (genitive indefinite singular)
moldavískunnar (definite genitive singular)


fídjíska

fídjíska f (genitive singular fídjísku, no plural)

fídjísku (genitive singular)
fídjíska (indefinite nominative singular)
fídjískan (definite nominative singular)
fídjísku (accusative indefinite singular)
fídjískuna (accusative definite singular)
fídjísku (dative indefinite singular)
fídjískunni (dative definite singular)
fídjísku (genitive indefinite singular)
fídjískunnar (definite genitive singular)


téténska

téténska f (genitive singular téténsku, no plural)

téténsku (genitive singular)
téténska (indefinite nominative singular)
téténskan (definite nominative singular)
téténsku (accusative indefinite singular)
téténskuna (accusative definite singular)
téténsku (dative indefinite singular)
téténskunni (dative definite singular)
téténsku (genitive indefinite singular)
téténskunnar (definite genitive singular)


venetíska

venetíska f (genitive singular venetísku, no plural)

venetísku (genitive singular)
venetíska (indefinite nominative singular)
venetískan (definite nominative singular)
venetísku (accusative indefinite singular)
venetískuna (accusative definite singular)
venetísku (dative indefinite singular)
venetískunni (dative definite singular)
venetísku (genitive indefinite singular)
venetískunnar (definite genitive singular)


vietnamska

vietnamska f (genitive singular vietnamsku, no plural)

vietnamsku (genitive singular)
vietnamska (indefinite nominative singular)
vietnamskan (definite nominative singular)
vietnömsku (accusative indefinite singular)
vietnömskuna (accusative definite singular)
vietnömsku (dative indefinite singular)
vietnömskunni (dative definite singular)
vietnömsku (genitive indefinite singular)
vietnömskunnar (definite genitive singular)


tadsjikíska

tadsjikíska f (genitive singular tadsjikísku, no plural)

tadsjikísku (genitive singular)
tadsjikíska (indefinite nominative singular)
tadsjikískan (definite nominative singular)
tadsjikísku (accusative indefinite singular)
tadsjikískuna (accusative definite singular)
tadsjikísku (dative indefinite singular)
tadsjikískunni (dative definite singular)
tadsjikísku (genitive indefinite singular)
tadsjikískunnar (definite genitive singular)


kantónska

kantónska f (genitive singular kantónsku, no plural)

kantónsku (genitive singular)
kantónska (indefinite nominative singular)
kantónskan (definite nominative singular)
kantónsku (accusative indefinite singular)
kantónskuna (accusative definite singular)
kantónsku (dative indefinite singular)
kantónskunni (dative definite singular)
kantónsku (genitive indefinite singular)
kantónskunnar (definite genitive singular)


赫梯語

/xɤ⁵¹ tʰi⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɐk̚⁵ tʰɐi̯⁵⁵ jyː¹³/

/xɤ⁵¹ tʰi⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/hɐk̚⁵ tʰɐi̯⁵⁵ jyː¹³/


阿維斯陀語

ㄚ ㄨㄟˊ ㄙ ㄊㄨㄛˊ ㄩˇ

/ˀä⁵⁵ weɪ̯³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/aː³³ wɐi̯²¹ siː⁵⁵ tʰɔː²¹ jyː¹³/

/ˀä⁵⁵ weɪ̯³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ tʰu̯ɔ³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/aː³³ wɐi̯²¹ siː⁵⁵ tʰɔː²¹ jyː¹³/


ídó

ídó (genitive singular)
ídós (genitive singular)


sorbneska

sorbneska f (genitive singular sorbnesku, no plural)

sorbnesku (genitive singular)
sorbneska (indefinite nominative singular)
sorbneskan (definite nominative singular)
sorbnesku (accusative indefinite singular)
sorbneskuna (accusative definite singular)
sorbnesku (dative indefinite singular)
sorbneskunni (dative definite singular)
sorbnesku (genitive indefinite singular)
sorbneskunnar (definite genitive singular)


navajóíska

navajóíska f (genitive singular navajóísku, no plural)

navajóísku (genitive singular)
navajóíska (indefinite nominative singular)
navajóískan (definite nominative singular)
navajóísku (accusative indefinite singular)
navajóískuna (accusative definite singular)
navajóísku (dative indefinite singular)
navajóískunni (dative definite singular)
navajóísku (genitive indefinite singular)
navajóískunnar (definite genitive singular)


skosk-gelíska

skosk-gelíska f (genitive singular skosk-gelísku, no plural)

skosk-gelísku (genitive singular)
skosk-gelíska (indefinite nominative singular)
skosk-gelískan (definite nominative singular)
skosk-gelísku (accusative indefinite singular)
skosk-gelískuna (accusative definite singular)
skosk-gelísku (dative indefinite singular)
skosk-gelískunni (dative definite singular)
skosk-gelísku (genitive indefinite singular)
skosk-gelískunnar (definite genitive singular)


中部德語

ㄓㄨㄥ ㄅㄨˋ ㄉㄜˊ ㄩˇ

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ tɤ³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ pou̯²² tɐk̚⁵ jyː¹³/

/ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵ pu⁵¹ tɤ³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/t͡sʊŋ⁵⁵ pou̯²² tɐk̚⁵ jyː¹³/


pasjtó

pasjtó (genitive singular)
pasjtós (genitive singular)


tamílska

tamílska f (genitive singular tamílsku, no plural)

tamílsku (genitive singular)
tamílska (indefinite nominative singular)
tamílskan (definite nominative singular)
tamílsku (accusative indefinite singular)
tamílskuna (accusative definite singular)
tamílsku (dative indefinite singular)
tamílskunni (dative definite singular)
tamílsku (genitive indefinite singular)
tamílskunnar (definite genitive singular)


kambódíska

kambódíska f (genitive singular kambódísku, no plural)

kambódísku (genitive singular)
kambódíska (indefinite nominative singular)
kambódískan (definite nominative singular)
kambódísku (accusative indefinite singular)
kambódískuna (accusative definite singular)
kambódísku (dative indefinite singular)
kambódískunni (dative definite singular)
kambódísku (genitive indefinite singular)
kambódískunnar (definite genitive singular)


Mandarijn

mandarijn

Short for mandarijntaal (from mandarijn (“mandarin”) + taal (“language”)), that is, the language spoken by mandarins. Spelled with a majuscule because this came to be considered a proper noun, being the name of a language.


manysi

manysik (plural)
manysi (nominative singular)
manysik (nominative plural)
manysit (accusative singular)
manysikat (accusative plural)
manysinak (dative singular)
manysiknak (dative plural)
manysival (instrumental singular)
manysikkal (instrumental plural)
manysiért (causal-final singular)
manysikért (causal-final plural)
manysivá (singular translative)
manysikká (plural translative)
manysiig (singular terminative)
manysikig (plural terminative)
manysiként (essive-formal singular)
manysikként (essive-formal plural)
manysiban (inessive singular)
manysikban (inessive plural)
manysin (singular superessive)
manysikon (plural superessive)
manysinál (adessive singular)
manysiknál (adessive plural)
manysiba (illative singular)
manysikba (illative plural)
manysira (singular sublative)
manysikra (plural sublative)
manysihoz (allative singular)
manysikhoz (allative plural)
manysiból (elative singular)
manysikból (elative plural)
manysiról (delative singular)
manysikról (delative plural)
manysitól (ablative singular)
manysiktól (ablative plural)
manysié (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
manysiké (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
manysiéi (possessed-single possessive predicative singular)
manysikéi (plural possessed-single possessive predicative)
manysim (first-person possessed-single possessive singular)
manysijaim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
or manysiim (first-person possessed-many possessive singular)
manysid (possessed-single possessive second-person singular)
manysijaid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
or manysiid (possessed-many possessive second-person singular)
manysija (possessed-single possessive singular third-person)
manysijai (or manysii) (possessed-many possessive singular third-person)
manysink (first-person plural possessed-single possessive)
manysijaink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
or manysiink (first-person plural possessed-many possessive)
manysitok (plural possessed-single possessive second-person)
manysijaitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
or manysiitok (plural possessed-many possessive second-person)
manysijuk (plural possessed-single possessive third-person)
manysijaik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)
or manysiik (plural possessed-many possessive third-person)

hu:Hanti- és Manysiföld
hu:Manysi nyelv
hu:Manysik


Cumbric

From Cumbria + -ic under influence from Welsh Cymraeg (“Welsh (language)”). Doublet of Cymric.

A Brythonic-Celtic language (code xcb) closely related to Welsh that was spoken in Northern England and Southern Scotland but went extinct in perhaps the 13th century.


ロジバン

From Lojban lojban., from rafsi loj (logji (“logic”)) + ban (bangu (“language”)).

artificial language
artificial language#English


漢喃

/xän⁵¹ nän³⁵/

/hɔːn³³ naːm²¹/

/xän⁵¹ nän³⁵/

/hɔːn³³ naːm²¹/

Orthographic borrowing from Vietnamese 漢喃.


African American Vernacular English

Alternative form of African-American Vernacular English


gvaraní

head

gvaraní n (genitive singular gvaranís, no plural)

gvaranís (genitive singular)
gvaraní (indefinite nominative singular)
gvaraníið (definite nominative singular)
gvaraní (accusative indefinite singular)
gvaraníið (accusative definite singular)
gvaraníi (dative indefinite singular)
gvaraníinu (dative definite singular)
gvaranís (genitive indefinite singular)
gvaranísins (definite genitive singular)

Borrowed probably from English Guarani, from either Spanish guaraní or Portuguese guarani, from Guaraní guarani (“war, fight”), a shortening of ava guarani (“people of war, warrior people”).


joronština

joronština (nominative singular)
joronštiny (nominative plural)
joronštiny (genitive singular)
joronštin (genitive plural)
joronštině (dative singular)
joronštinám (dative plural)
joronštinu (accusative singular)
joronštiny (accusative plural)
joronštino (singular vocative)
joronštiny (plural vocative)
joronštině (locative singular)
joronštinách (locative plural)
joronštinou (instrumental singular)
joronštinami (instrumental plural)

Yoron (A dialect cluster spoken on Yoron Island in southwestern Japan)


吉爾吉斯語

ㄐㄧˊ ㄦˇ ㄐㄧˊ ㄙ ㄩˇ

цзиэрцзисыюй

/t͡ɕi³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


키르기스어

[cçiɾɯɡisʰɯʌ̹]

키르기스 (Kireugiseu, “Kyrgyz”) + 어(語) (-eo, “language”).


塔吉克語

ㄊㄚˇ ㄐㄧˊ ㄎㄜˋ ㄩˇ

/tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰä²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


아제르바이잔어

[a̠d͡ʑe̞ɾɯba̠id͡ʑa̠nʌ̹]

아제르바이잔 (Ajereubaijan, “Azerbaijan”) + 어(語) (-eo, “language”).


尼泊爾語

ㄋㄧˊ ㄅㄛˊ ㄦˇ ㄩˇ

/ni³⁵ pu̯ɔ³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/nei̯²¹ pɔːk̚² jiː¹³ jyː¹³/

/nei̯²¹ pʰɔːk̚³ jiː¹³ jyː¹³/

/ni³⁵ pu̯ɔ³⁵ ˀɤɻ²¹⁴⁻³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/nei̯²¹ pɔːk̚² jiː¹³ jyː¹³/

/nei̯²¹ pʰɔːk̚³ jiː¹³ jyː¹³/


tiếng Hoa

[tiəŋ˧˦ hwaː˧˧]

[tiəŋ˦˧˥ hwaː˧˧]

[tiəŋ˦˥ waː˧˧]

Tuyển nhân viên phiên dịch tiếng Hoa.

the Mandarin variety spoken by the Hoa people


maóríska

head

maóríska f (genitive singular maórísku, no plural)

maórísku (genitive singular)
maóríska (indefinite nominative singular)
maórískan (definite nominative singular)
maórísku (accusative indefinite singular)
maórískuna (accusative definite singular)
maórísku (dative indefinite singular)
maórískunni (dative definite singular)
maórísku (genitive indefinite singular)
maórískunnar (definite genitive singular)


ウイグル語

ウイグル語 (canonical)
uigurugo (romanization)

[ɯ̟iɡɯ̟ɾɯ̟ɡo̞]


Wusi

An Austronesian language spoken on Espiritu Santo Island in Vanuatu.


白語

/paɪ̯³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/paɪ̯³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/


回族語言

ㄏㄨㄟˊ ㄗㄨˊ ㄩˇ ㄧㄢˊ

ㄏㄨㄟˊ ㄗㄨˊ ㄩˇ ㄧㄢˊ

хуэйцзу юйянь

/xu̯eɪ̯³⁵ t͡su³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɛn³⁵/

/xuɛi²⁴ t͡su²⁴ y⁵¹ iæ̃²⁴/

/xu̯eɪ̯³⁵ t͡su³⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹ jɛn³⁵/

/xuɛi²⁴ t͡su²⁴ y⁵¹ iæ̃²⁴/


粵方言

/ɥɛ⁵¹ fɑŋ⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵/

/jyːt̚² fɔːŋ⁵⁵ jiːn²¹/

/jᵘɔt̚³² fɔŋ³³ ᵑɡun²²/

/ɥɛ⁵¹ fɑŋ⁵⁵ jɛn³⁵/

/jyːt̚² fɔːŋ⁵⁵ jiːn²¹/

/jᵘɔt̚³² fɔŋ³³ ᵑɡun²²/


東北話

ㄉㄨㄥ ㄅㄟˇ ㄏㄨㄚˋ

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ pɐk̚⁵ waː²²⁻³⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ pɐk̚⁵ waː²²⁻³⁵/


훈민정음

Hunminjeong'eum (romanization)
訓民正音 (hanja)

[ˈɸʷu(ː)nmiɲd͡ʑʌ̹ŋɯm]

Sino-Korean word from 訓 (“to teach”) + 民 (“the people”) + 正 (“right”) + 音 (“sound”)

ko-etym-Sino

Hunmin Jeongeum (the book introducing the Korean script)


언해

(historical) Korean-language annotation of Chinese-language works


菲語

/feɪ̯⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/feɪ̯⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

菲律賓語 菲律賓語#Chinese

菲律宾语 菲律宾语#Chinese

Short for 菲律賓語／菲律宾语 (Fēilǜbīnyǔ, “Filipino language”).


菲律賓話

ㄈㄟ ㄌㄩˋ ㄅㄧㄣ ㄏㄨㄚˋ

Фэйлюйбиньхуа

/feɪ̯⁵⁵ ly⁵¹ pin⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/fei̯⁵⁵ lɵt̚² pɐn⁵⁵ waː²²⁻³⁵/

/feɪ̯⁵⁵ ly⁵¹ pin⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/fei̯⁵⁵ lɵt̚² pɐn⁵⁵ waː²²⁻³⁵/


菲律賓語

ㄈㄟ ㄌㄩˋ ㄅㄧㄣ ㄩˇ

Фэйлюйбиньюй

/feɪ̯⁵⁵ ly⁵¹ pin⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fei̯⁵⁵ lɵt̚² pɐn⁵⁵ jyː¹³/

/feɪ̯⁵⁵ ly⁵¹ pin⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/fei̯⁵⁵ lɵt̚² pɐn⁵⁵ jyː¹³/


투르크멘어

투르크멘 (Tureukeumen, “Turkmen”) + 어(語) (-eo, “language”).


우즈베크어

우즈베크 (Ujeubekeu, “Uzbek”) + 어(語) (-eo, “language”).


ウズベク語

ウズベク語 (canonical)
uzubekugo (romanization)

[ɯ̟zɨbe̞kɯ̟ɡo̞]


烏茲別克語

ㄨ ㄗ ㄅㄧㄝˊ ㄎㄜˋ ㄩˇ

/u⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵⁵ pi̯ɛ³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wuː⁵⁵ t͡siː⁵⁵ piːt̚² hɐk̚⁵ jyː¹³/

/u⁵⁵ t͡sz̩⁵⁵ pi̯ɛ³⁵ kʰɤ⁵¹ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/wuː⁵⁵ t͡siː⁵⁵ piːt̚² hɐk̚⁵ jyː¹³/


Old South Arabian

related to the Old South Arabian languages.

related to the Ancient South Arabian script.

sud-arabique

related to homonymous script or language


Old South Arabian

A subfamily of extinct West Semitic languages formerly spoken in southern Arabia.

Ancient South Arabian
Ancient South Arabian#English


ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ

ᠨᡳᡴᠠᠨ (nikan, “Chinese; Han Chinese”) + ᡤᡳᠰᡠᠨ (gisun, “language”)


東北官話

ㄉㄨㄥ ㄅㄟˇ ㄍㄨㄢ ㄏㄨㄚˋ

дунбэй гуаньхуа

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ku̯än⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ pɐk̚⁵ kuːn⁵⁵ waː²²⁻³⁵/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ peɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹ ku̯än⁵⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/

/tʊŋ⁵⁵ pɐk̚⁵ kuːn⁵⁵ waː²²⁻³⁵/


Lindu

The Austronesian language of these people.


chiPutukezi

chiPutukezi (canonical class-7)
chiPutukézi (canonical class-7)


chiRungu

a European language; (in particular) English


fornsýrlenska

head

fornsýrlenska f (genitive singular fornsýrlensku, no plural)

fornsýrlensku (genitive singular)
fornsýrlenska (indefinite nominative singular)
fornsýrlenskan (definite nominative singular)
fornsýrlensku (accusative indefinite singular)
fornsýrlenskuna (accusative definite singular)
fornsýrlensku (dative indefinite singular)
fornsýrlenskunni (dative definite singular)
fornsýrlensku (genitive indefinite singular)
fornsýrlenskunnar (definite genitive singular)


土家語

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰou̯³⁵ kaː⁵⁵ jyː¹³/

/tʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ t͡ɕi̯ä⁵⁵ y²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/

/tʰou̯³⁵ kaː⁵⁵ jyː¹³/


muinaisintia

muinaisintia (nominative singular)
muinaisintia (accusative nominative singular)
muinaisintian (accusative genitive singular)
muinaisintian (genitive singular)
muinaisintiaa (partitive singular)
muinaisintiassa (inessive singular)
muinaisintiasta (elative singular)
muinaisintiaan (illative singular)
muinaisintialla (adessive singular)
muinaisintialta (ablative singular)
muinaisintialle (allative singular)
muinaisintiana (essive singular)
muinaisintiaksi (singular translative)
muinaisintiatta (abessive singular)
See the possessive forms below. (comitative)
muinaisintiani (nominative singular)
muinaisintiani (accusative nominative singular)
muinaisintiani (accusative genitive singular)
muinaisintiani (genitive singular)
muinaisintiaani (partitive singular)
muinaisintiassani (inessive singular)
muinaisintiastani (elative singular)
muinaisintiaani (illative singular)
muinaisintiallani (adessive singular)
muinaisintialtani (ablative singular)
muinaisintialleni (allative singular)
muinaisintianani (essive singular)
muinaisintiakseni (singular translative)
muinaisintiattani (abessive singular)
muinaisintiasi (nominative singular)
muinaisintiasi (accusative nominative singular)
muinaisintiasi (accusative genitive singular)
muinaisintiasi (genitive singular)
muinaisintiaasi (partitive singular)
muinaisintiassasi (inessive singular)
muinaisintiastasi (elative singular)
muinaisintiaasi (illative singular)
muinaisintiallasi (adessive singular)
muinaisintialtasi (ablative singular)
muinaisintiallesi (allative singular)
muinaisintianasi (essive singular)
muinaisintiaksesi (singular translative)
muinaisintiattasi (abessive singular)
muinaisintiamme (nominative singular)
muinaisintiamme (accusative nominative singular)
muinaisintiamme (accusative genitive singular)
muinaisintiamme (genitive singular)
muinaisintiaamme (partitive singular)
muinaisintiassamme (inessive singular)
muinaisintiastamme (elative singular)
muinaisintiaamme (illative singular)
muinaisintiallamme (adessive singular)
muinaisintialtamme (ablative singular)
muinaisintiallemme (allative singular)
muinaisintianamme (essive singular)
muinaisintiaksemme (singular translative)
muinaisintiattamme (abessive singular)
muinaisintianne (nominative singular)
muinaisintianne (accusative nominative singular)
muinaisintianne (accusative genitive singular)
muinaisintianne (genitive singular)
muinaisintiaanne (partitive singular)
muinaisintiassanne (inessive singular)
muinaisintiastanne (elative singular)
muinaisintiaanne (illative singular)
muinaisintiallanne (adessive singular)
muinaisintialtanne (ablative singular)
muinaisintiallenne (allative singular)
muinaisintiananne (essive singular)
muinaisintiaksenne (singular translative)
muinaisintiattanne (abessive singular)
muinaisintiansa (nominative singular)
muinaisintiansa (accusative nominative singular)
muinaisintiansa (accusative genitive singular)
muinaisintiansa (genitive singular)
muinaisintiaansa (partitive singular)
muinaisintiassaan (inessive singular)
muinaisintiassansa (inessive singular)
muinaisintiastaan (elative singular)
muinaisintiastansa (elative singular)
muinaisintiaansa (illative singular)
muinaisintiallaan (adessive singular)
muinaisintiallansa (adessive singular)
muinaisintialtaan (ablative singular)
muinaisintialtansa (ablative singular)
muinaisintialleen (allative singular)
muinaisintiallensa (allative singular)
muinaisintianaan (essive singular)
muinaisintianansa (essive singular)
muinaisintiakseen (singular translative)
muinaisintiaksensa (singular translative)
muinaisintiattaan (abessive singular)
muinaisintiattansa (abessive singular)


chiraparapa

From a common Fanagalo expression, ultimately from Zulu lapha, lapha (“here, here”).


chiBhunu

Borrowed from a Nguni language (compare Zulu isiBhunu), from Afrikaans Boer.


درية

دَرِيَّة (canonical)
dariyya (romanization)
دَرِيَّة (ar-infl-a indefinite informal singular triptote)
الدَّرِيَّة (ar-infl-a definite informal singular triptote)
دَرِيَّة (ar-infl-a construct informal singular triptote)
دَرِيَّةٌ (ar-infl-a indefinite nominative singular triptote)
الدَّرِيَّةُ (ar-infl-a definite nominative singular triptote)
دَرِيَّةُ (ar-infl-a construct nominative singular triptote)
دَرِيَّةً (accusative ar-infl-a indefinite singular triptote)
الدَّرِيَّةَ (accusative ar-infl-a definite singular triptote)
دَرِيَّةَ (accusative ar-infl-a construct singular triptote)
دَرِيَّةٍ (ar-infl-a genitive indefinite singular triptote)
الدَّرِيَّةِ (ar-infl-a definite genitive singular triptote)
دَرِيَّةِ (ar-infl-a construct genitive singular triptote)


Belarusisch

de-proper noun

Belarusisch n (proper noun, language name, genitive Belarusisch or Belarusischs, alternative nominative (used with the definite article) Belarusische, alternative genitive Belarusischen, no plural)

Belarusisch (genitive)
Belarusischs (genitive)
Belarusische (alternative nominative)
Belarusischen (alternative genitive)
Belarusisch (nominative singular usually-without-article)
Belarusische (definite nominative singular)
Belarusisch (genitive singular usually-without-article)
Belarusischs (genitive singular usually-without-article)
Belarusischen (definite genitive singular)
Belarusisch (dative singular usually-without-article)
Belarusischen (dative definite singular)
Belarusisch (accusative singular usually-without-article)
Belarusische (accusative definite singular)

Substantivisation of belarusisch (“Belarusian”)

Besonders die Landbevölkerung war von ihr jedoch schwer zu erreichen, obwohl Naša Niva auf Belarusisch erschien.

2003, Theresa Voigt, Zwischen Nazipropaganda und Realität. Die Einstufung der Bevölkerung von Belarus während des 2. Weltkrieges als Hilfsvolk oder als Untermenschen, →ISBN, page 11:

Especially the rural population was difficult for her to reach, although Naša Niva appeared in Belarusian.

Belarussisch

more common than this term, but also uncommon


serbokroaziera

serbokroaziera (absolutive indefinite)
serbokroaziera (absolutive singular)
serbokroazierak (ergative singular)
serbokroazierari (dative singular)
serbokroazieraren (genitive singular)
serbokroazierarekin (comitative singular)
serbokroazierarengatik (causative singular)
serbokroazierarentzat (benefactive singular)
serbokroazieraz (indefinite instrumental)
serbokroazieraz (instrumental singular)
serbokroazieran (inessive singular)
serbokroazierarik (indefinite partitive)
serbokroazieratzat (indefinite prolative)


judetyska

judetyska (indefinite nominative uncountable)
judetyskan (definite nominative uncountable)
judetyskas (genitive indefinite uncountable)
judetyskans (definite genitive uncountable)

From jude (“Jew”) + tyska (“German”). Compare German Judendeutsch.